WO2012053740A1 - 무선 통신 시스템에서 프리코딩 방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
무선 통신 시스템에서 프리코딩 방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012053740A1 WO2012053740A1 PCT/KR2011/006613 KR2011006613W WO2012053740A1 WO 2012053740 A1 WO2012053740 A1 WO 2012053740A1 KR 2011006613 W KR2011006613 W KR 2011006613W WO 2012053740 A1 WO2012053740 A1 WO 2012053740A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0426—Power distribution
- H04B7/0434—Power distribution using multiple eigenmodes
- H04B7/0447—Power distribution using multiple eigenmodes utilizing uniform distribution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0426—Power distribution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
- H04B7/046—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting taking physical layer constraints into account
- H04B7/0465—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting taking physical layer constraints into account taking power constraints at power amplifier or emission constraints, e.g. constant modulus, into account
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/024—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms
- H04L25/0242—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms using matrix methods
- H04L25/0244—Channel estimation channel estimation algorithms using matrix methods with inversion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03891—Spatial equalizers
- H04L25/03898—Spatial equalizers codebook-based design
- H04L25/0391—Spatial equalizers codebook-based design construction details of matrices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03891—Spatial equalizers
- H04L25/03961—Spatial equalizers design criteria
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L2025/0335—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference characterised by the type of transmission
- H04L2025/03375—Passband transmission
- H04L2025/03414—Multicarrier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L2025/03592—Adaptation methods
- H04L2025/03598—Algorithms
- H04L2025/03611—Iterative algorithms
- H04L2025/03617—Time recursive algorithms
- H04L2025/03624—Zero-forcing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
- H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
- H04L5/0023—Time-frequency-space
Definitions
- the present invention relates to wireless communication, and more particularly, to a precoding method and apparatus in a wireless communication system.
- MIMO Multiple-Input Multiple-Output
- Techniques for implementing diversity in MIMO systems include Space Frequency Block Code (SFBC), Space Time Block Code (STBC), Cyclic Delay Diversity (CDD), frequency switched transmit diversity (FSTD), time switched transmit diversity (TSTD), Precoding Vector Switching (PVS) and Spatial Multiplexing (SM).
- SFBC Space Frequency Block Code
- STBC Space Time Block Code
- CDD Cyclic Delay Diversity
- FSTD frequency switched transmit diversity
- TSTD time switched transmit diversity
- PVS Precoding Vector Switching
- SM Spatial Multiplexing
- the MIMO channel matrix according to the number of receive antennas and the number of transmit antennas may be decomposed into a plurality of independent channels. Each independent channel is called a layer or stream. The number of layers is called rank.
- Dirty paper coding among MIMO technologies reduces interference by previously removing data from other users acting as interference, and is known to theoretically provide maximum channel capacity in a MIMO system.
- M. H. M. Costa "Writing on Dirty Paper,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 439-441, May. 1983.
- the dirty paper coding method requires a lot of channel information and has a disadvantage in that it is difficult to implement in an actual system due to the complexity of the operation by the nonlinear operation. Accordingly, various alternative techniques for performing linear operations are proposed to implement the principle of the dirty paper coding scheme in a real system.
- ZF-BF Zero-Forcing Beamforming
- a pseudo inverse matrix of a channel as a precoding matrix of a base station, and uses a property of obtaining a unit matrix when the channel and the precoding matrix are multiplied. . That is, the base station undergoes pre-processing in consideration of interference between users.
- the ZF-BF method performs only linear operations and has a relatively low complexity, and thus has an advantage of easy implementation.
- a power allocation scheme may be proposed that maximizes the sum rate while satisfying a power constraint per base station.
- power constraints per antenna or per antenna group including a plurality of antennas may be considered for implementation of an actual system.
- Pseudo-inverse with Optimal Power Allocation (Pinv-Opt-PA) approach allocates power in the pseudo inverse of the channel to maximize the sum rate while all antennas meet the power constraint. to be. This is described in F. Boccardi and H. Huang, "Optimum power allocation for the MIMO-BC zero-forcing precoder with per-antenna power constraints," in roc. Conf.
- the Pinv-opt-PA method can be formulated as a convex optimization problem well known in optimization theory.
- Generalized Inverse with Optimal Power Allocation (Ginv-Opt-PA), which allocates power to maximize the sum rate while all antennas satisfy the power constraint in the generalized inverse matrix of the channel, may be applied. .
- This is described by Ami Wiesel, Yonina C. Eldar and Shlomo Shamai (Shitz), “Zero-Forcing Precoding and Generalized Inverses,” IEEE Trans. Signal Process., Vol. 56, no. 9, pp. 4409-4418, Sep. 2008.
- the generalized inverse of matrix A can be expressed as the sum of the pseudo inverse of A and the matrix belonging to A's zero space, and the generalized inverse is an inverse with higher degree of freedom than the pseudo inverse.
- the Ginv-Opt-PA method finds an optimal inverse matrix for easy power allocation through a generalized inverse matrix. Accordingly, the Ginv-Opt-PA method is known as an optimal ZF precoding scheme considering power limitation per antenna. Ginv-opt-PA is a nonconvex optimization problem, and there can be solutions only in special cases. As a result, the actual implementation is not easy.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a precoding method and apparatus in a wireless communication system.
- the present invention proposes a low complexity ZF (Zero-Forcing) precoding method and apparatus considering per antenna power constraints in downlink (DL) of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. do.
- N t represents the number of the plurality of transmit antennas
- the maximum power per antenna may be determined as P / N t .
- P represents the total transmission power of the base station.
- ⁇ 1 is a constant for determining the transmit power of a transmit antenna as the maximum power per antenna, and T 1 denotes a matrix in which transmit power is uniformly allocated to all users with respect to the pseudo-inverse matrix of the channel matrix H. .
- the T i may be defined as a matrix in which all columns are normalized to a pseudo inverse of H i .
- H i is a matrix in which all elements of a column corresponding to the index of the transmit antenna whose transmit power is determined as the maximum power per antenna in the channel matrix H are replaced with zeros.
- ZF zero forcing
- (C) determining a constant ⁇ i, which is the maximum power per antenna group of the transmit power of one antenna group among the remaining antenna groups whose transmit power is not determined based on the T i , and (d) Generating an i-th precoding matrix W i based on T i and ⁇ i , wherein i ⁇ N G , N t N G -K- (i-1) N t while increasing i by 1; until the ⁇ N t wherein repeating the steps (b) to the step (d) The.
- N G is the number of antenna groups
- N t is the number of transmit antennas included in each antenna group
- K is the total number of users using a single receive antenna.
- the maximum power per antenna group may be determined based on Equation tr ( W g ( W g ) H ) ⁇ P.
- W g is an N t ⁇ K submatrix formed of only rows belonging to Gr g in W
- Gr g represents a g-th antenna group including N t transmit antennas.
- P represents the total transmit power of the base station.
- ⁇ 1 is a constant for determining the transmit power of the antenna group as the maximum power per antenna group
- T 1 is uniformly allocated transmit power to all users with respect to the pseudo-inverse matrix of the channel matrix H. Represents a matrix.
- the T i may be defined as a matrix in which all columns are normalized to a pseudo inverse of H i .
- H i is a matrix in which all elements of a column corresponding to the index of the antenna group whose transmission power is determined as the maximum power per antenna group in the channel matrix H are replaced with zeros.
- an apparatus in a wireless communication system.
- the apparatus includes a radio frequency (RF) unit for transmitting or receiving a radio signal, and a processor connected to the RF unit, wherein the processor converts the transmit power of one of the plurality of transmit antennas into a maximum power per antenna.
- a zero forcing (ZF) precoding matrix T i that does not affect the antenna is generated, and the transmit power of one of the other transmit antennas whose transmit power is not determined based on the T i is the maximum power per antenna.
- a precoding method can be proposed that is easy to operate and has low complexity of implementation under power constraints per antenna of a MIMO system.
- 1 is a wireless communication system.
- FIG 3 shows an example in which the transmit power of a transmitting antenna changes according to each algorithm step of the proposed precoding method.
- 5 and 6 are graphs showing the sum rates by the proposed precoding method and the existing precoding method.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system in which an embodiment of the present invention is implemented.
- CDMA code division multiple access
- FDMA frequency division multiple access
- TDMA time division multiple access
- OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
- SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
- CDMA may be implemented with a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000.
- TDMA may be implemented with wireless technologies such as Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE).
- GSM Global System for Mobile communications
- GPRS General Packet Radio Service
- EDGE Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution
- OFDMA may be implemented in a wireless technology such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), or the like.
- IEEE 802.16m is an evolution of IEEE 802.16e and provides backward compatibility with systems based on IEEE 802.16e.
- UTRA is part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS).
- 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is part of Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using Evolved-UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), which employs OFDMA in downlink and SC in uplink -FDMA is adopted.
- LTE-A Advanced
- 3GPP LTE Advanced
- 1 is a wireless communication system.
- the wireless communication system 10 includes at least one base station (BS) 11.
- Each base station 11 provides a communication service for a particular geographic area (generally called a cell) 15a, 15b, 15c.
- the cell can in turn be divided into a number of regions (called sectors).
- the UE 12 may be fixed or mobile, and may include a mobile station (MS), a mobile terminal (MT), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a wireless device, and a PDA. (Personal Digital Assistant), a wireless modem (wireless modem), a handheld device (handheld device) may be called other terms.
- the base station 11 generally refers to a fixed station communicating with the terminal 12, and may be referred to as other terms such as an evolved-NodeB (eNB), a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point, and the like. have.
- eNB evolved-NodeB
- BTS base transceiver system
- access point and the like. have.
- a terminal typically belongs to one cell, and a cell to which the terminal belongs is called a serving cell.
- a base station that provides a communication service for a serving cell is called a serving BS. Since the wireless communication system is a cellular system, there are other cells adjacent to the serving cell. Another cell adjacent to the serving cell is called a neighbor cell.
- a base station that provides communication service for a neighbor cell is called a neighbor BS. The serving cell and the neighbor cell are relatively determined based on the terminal.
- downlink means communication from the base station 11 to the terminal 12
- uplink means communication from the terminal 12 to the base station 11.
- the transmitter may be part of the base station 11 and the receiver may be part of the terminal 12.
- the transmitter may be part of the terminal 12 and the receiver may be part of the base station 11.
- the wireless communication system is any one of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, a multiple-input single-output (MIS) system, a single-input single-output (SISO) system, and a single-input multiple-output (SIMO) system.
- MIMO multiple-input multiple-output
- MIS multiple-input single-output
- SISO single-input single-output
- SIMO single-input multiple-output
- the MIMO system uses a plurality of transmit antennas and a plurality of receive antennas.
- the MISO system uses multiple transmit antennas and one receive antenna.
- the SISO system uses one transmit antenna and one receive antenna.
- the SIMO system uses one transmit antenna and multiple receive antennas.
- a transmit antenna means a physical or logical antenna used to transmit one signal or stream
- a receive antenna means a physical or logical antenna used to receive one signal or stream.
- H 0 may satisfy the theorem of Equation 1 if H 0 is a forward coefficient matrix.
- H 0 ⁇ represents a pseudo inverse of H 0
- I K represents an identity matrix of rank K.
- Equation 1 can be proved as follows.
- H 0 H represents a Hermitian transpose matrix or conjugate transpose matrix of H 0 .
- one of several columns of elements 0 in H 0 is called the m th column, and the m th row of H 0 ⁇ is also 0 rows without losing generality.
- Equation 2 shows an example of the theorem of Equation 1.
- the channel matrix H indicating a channel is a forward coefficient matrix
- the number of transmit antennas of the base station is N t
- the total number of users using a single receive antenna is K
- the total transmit power of the base station is P. Therefore, each transmit antenna of the base station can use as much power as P / N t .
- power by P / N t is referred to as maximum power per antenna.
- the invention can be described by an algorithm that iterates up to N t -K + 1 steps. At each stage, one transmit antenna is used which uses the maximum amount of P / N t that each transmit antenna can use, and up to N t -K + 1 can be found.
- the final precoding matrix is the sum of the precoding matrices generated at each step.
- step S100 the base station generates a first precoding matrix that determines the transmit power of one transmit antenna of the plurality of transmit antennas as the maximum power per antenna.
- power is uniformly allocated to all users in the pseudo inverse of the channel matrix.
- This matrix is defined as T 1 .
- Matrix T 1 corresponds to the ZF precoding matrix.
- the constant ⁇ 1 may be determined by equation (3).
- Equation 3 [ A ] m, n represents an element located in the m th row and the n th column of the matrix A.
- step S120 the base station determines a constant ⁇ i, which is the maximum power per antenna, of the transmission power of one of the other transmission antennas whose transmission power is not determined, based on the ZF precoding matrix.
- the base station generates an i-th precoding matrix based on the ZF precoding matrix and ⁇ i .
- the matrix H i represents a matrix in which all elements of the column corresponding to the index of the transmit antenna whose transmit power is determined as the maximum power per antenna in the channel matrix H are replaced with zeros.
- the ZF precoding matrix T i represents a matrix in which all columns are normalized to a pseudo inverse of H i . Since all elements of the column corresponding to the index of the transmit antenna whose transmit power is determined as the maximum power per antenna at H i are all 0, the elements of the row corresponding to the index of the transmit antenna whose transmit power is determined as the maximum power per antenna at T i They are all zeros.
- both W i-1 and W i become ZF precoding matrices according to Equation 1 theorem.
- the row corresponding to the index of the transmitting antenna using the maximum power per antenna in W i-1 is present at the same location, the row having zero elements in T i is the maximum power per antenna in W i-1 .
- the elements of the row corresponding to the index of the transmitting antenna using s are the same as the elements of the row corresponding to the index of the transmitting antenna using the maximum power per antenna at W i .
- the transmit power of the transmit antenna already determined to transmit at maximum power per antenna is not affected by ⁇ i .
- the transmit power of the transmit antenna may be expressed as the square of 2-norm of the row vector of W i , and if it is equal to P / N t , the maximum power per antenna, the constant ⁇ i may be calculated. Equation 4 shows a calculation for obtaining the constant ⁇ i .
- Equation 4 a represents a row vector of W i-1 , and b represents a row vector of T i .
- the constant ⁇ i may be calculated by Equation 4 to determine the transmission power of another transmission antenna as the maximum power per antenna.
- H may maintain orthogonality with a pseudo inverse of a matrix obtained by zeroing elements of up to N t -K columns.
- the constant ⁇ i is obtained according to Equation 4 and the transmission power of another transmission antenna is determined as the maximum power per antenna, the transmission power of the transmission antenna for which transmission power is not yet determined may exceed the transmission power per antenna. have. Therefore, in each step, the Greedy method of arranging the transmit powers of the transmit antennas in the order of magnitude and sequentially calculating ⁇ i until all transmit antennas satisfy the power constraint condition may be applied.
- one transmit antenna obtained in the first step an antenna of N t -K using the zero-dimensional dimension, and a total of N t -K + 1 antennas transmit power under the power limitation condition. It can be used to the maximum.
- Table 1 shows an example of an algorithm code that implements the proposed precoding scheme when power is limited for each transmit antenna.
- ⁇ . ⁇ represents a set.
- a ⁇ B represents the union of A and B.
- AB represents the difference of B to A.
- S is a collection of indices of transmit antennas whose transmit power is determined as the maximum power per antenna.
- S full is a collection of indices of all transmitting antennas.
- S rem is a set consisting of indices of transmit antennas whose transmit power is not determined as the maximum power per antenna.
- col (H, m) is the m-th column of H, row (H, m) denotes the m-th row of H.
- FIG 3 shows an example in which the transmit power of a transmitting antenna changes according to each algorithm step of the proposed precoding method.
- the transmit power of each transmit antenna is determined according to each algorithm step.
- the transmit power of the fourth transmit antenna is also determined to be 0.25W. At this time, the transmit power of the first transmit antenna having the transmit power of 0.25W is not affected.
- the transmission power of the second transmission antenna is also determined to be 0.25W, and there is no effect on the transmission power of the first transmission antenna and the fourth transmission antenna, which have already been determined to be 0.25W.
- the present invention has been described in the case where transmission power per transmission antenna is limited, the present invention can be similarly applied even when transmission power per transmission antenna group is limited.
- each group may include N t transmit antennas
- the total number of transmit antennas is N t N G.
- each group may be divided as shown in Equation 5.
- G rNG ⁇ N t (N G -1) +1, ..., N t N G ⁇
- the transmit power limit for each group may be limited as shown in Equation (6).
- Equation 6 tr ( A ) is a trace of the matrix A.
- W g is a submatrix of size N t ⁇ K formed of only rows belonging to Gr g in W. That is, the precoding matrix W can be expressed by Equation 7.
- the matrix H i represents a matrix in which all the elements of the column corresponding to the index of the transmitting antenna whose transmission power is determined as the maximum power per antenna group in the channel matrix H are all replaced with zeros.
- T i represents a matrix of all columns normalized to the pseudo inverse of H i .
- the transmit power of the transmit antenna group can be expressed by the square of the Frobenius norm of the matrix W i , and assuming that this is equal to P, the maximum power per antenna group, the constant ⁇ i can be calculated. Equation 8 shows a calculation for obtaining a maximum power constant ⁇ i per antenna group.
- Equation 8 A represents a partial matrix of W i-1 , and B represents a partial matrix of T i .
- a F stands for A 's Provenius norm.
- the constant ⁇ i may be calculated by Equation 8 to determine the transmit power of another transmit antenna group as the maximum power per antenna group.
- S is a set of indices of the antenna groups in which the transmission power is determined as the maximum power per antenna group.
- S full is a set of indices of all antenna groups.
- S rem is a set consisting of indices of the antenna groups for which the transmit power is not determined as the maximum power per antenna group.
- W g is a matrix formed from only rows belonging to W in Gr g . col ( H , m) represents the mth column of H.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the difference in the average time of precoding matrix generation by the proposed precoding method and the conventional precoding method.
- a precoding matrix is generated by the proposed precoding method, not only the Ginv-Opt-PA method having a large computational complexity but also the precoding method of the Pinv-Opt-PA method which can be relatively easily solved. You can see that we can quickly create a matrix.
- TPC-Opt-PA represents the sum rate by the precoding method under the average total power constraint condition
- scaledown is the power limitation condition for all transmit antennas per antenna in the ZF precoding scheme. The transmission power is lowered so as to satisfy the transmission method.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system in which an embodiment of the present invention is implemented.
- the base station 800 includes a processor 810, a memory 820, and a radio frequency unit (RF) 830.
- Processor 810 implements the proposed functions, processes, and / or methods. Layers of the air interface protocol may be implemented by the processor 810.
- the memory 820 is connected to the processor 810 and stores various information for driving the processor 810.
- the RF unit 830 is connected to the processor 810 to transmit and / or receive a radio signal.
- the terminal 900 includes a processor 910, a memory 920, and an RF unit 930.
- Processor 910 implements the proposed functions, processes, and / or methods. Layers of the air interface protocol may be implemented by the processor 910.
- the memory 920 is connected to the processor 910 and stores various information for driving the processor 910.
- the RF unit 930 is connected to the processor 910 to transmit and / or receive a radio signal.
- Processors 810 and 910 may include application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), other chipsets, logic circuits, and / or data processing devices.
- the memory 820, 920 may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, memory card, storage medium, and / or other storage device.
- the RF unit 830 and 930 may include a baseband circuit for processing a radio signal.
- the above-described technique may be implemented as a module (process, function, etc.) for performing the above-described function.
- the module may be stored in the memory 820, 920 and executed by the processor 810, 910.
- the memories 820 and 920 may be inside or outside the processors 810 and 910, and may be connected to the processors 810 and 910 by various well-known means.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (14)
- 무선 통신 시스템에서 프리코딩 방법에 있어서,
(a) 복수의 송신 안테나 중 하나의 송신 안테나의 전송 전력을 안테나 당 최대 전력으로 결정하는 1번째 프리코딩 행렬 W 1을 생성하는 단계;
(b) (i-1)번째 프리코딩 행렬 W i-1(i=2,3,...)을 기반으로 전송 전력이 안테나 당 최대 전력으로 결정된 송신 안테나에 영향을 주지 않는 ZF(Zero Forcing) 프리코딩 행렬 T i을 생성하는 단계;
(c) 상기 T i을 기반으로 전송 전력이 결정되지 않은 나머지 송신 안테나 중 하나의 송신 안테나의 전송 전력을 안테나 당 최대 전력으로 하는 상수 αi를 결정하는 단계; 및
(d) 상기 T i 및 상기 αi를 기반으로 i번째 프리코딩 행렬 W i을 생성하는 단계를 포함하되,
상기 i를 1씩 증가시키면서 i=Nt-K+1이 될 때까지 상기 단계 (b) 내지 상기 단계 (d)를 반복하는 것을 특징으로 하는 프리코딩 방법. 단, Nt는 상기 복수의 송신 안테나의 개수, K는 단일 수신 안테나를 사용하는 총 사용자의 수를 나타낸다. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 안테나 당 최대 전력은 P/Nt로 결정되는 것을 특징으로 하는 프리코딩 방법. 단, P는 기지국의 총 전송 전력을 나타낸다. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 W 1=α1 T 1로 정의되는 것을 특징으로 하는 프리코딩 방법. 단, α1는 송신 안테나의 전송 전력을 안테나 당 최대 전력으로 결정하기 위한 상수이며, T 1은 채널 행렬 H의 의사 역행렬(pseudo-inverse matrix)에 대하여 모든 사용자에게 균일하게 전송 전력을 할당한 행렬을 나타낸다. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 W i=W i-1+αi T i로 정의되는 것을 특징으로 하는 프리코딩 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 T i은 H i의 의사 역행렬에 모든 열을 정규화한 행렬로 정의되는 것을 특징으로 하는 프리코딩 방법. 단, H i는 채널 행렬 H에서 전송 전력이 안테나 당 최대 전력으로 결정된 송신 안테나의 인덱스에 해당하는 열의 원소들을 모두 0으로 대체한 행렬이다. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
최종 프리코딩 행렬 W=W Nt-K+1인 것을 특징으로 하는 프리코딩 방법. - 무선 통신 시스템에서 프리코딩 방법에 있어서,
(a) 복수의 안테나 그룹 중 하나의 안테나 그룹의 전송 전력을 안테나 그룹 당 최대 전력으로 결정하는 1번째 프리코딩 행렬 W 1을 생성하는 단계;
(b) (i-1)번째 프리코딩 행렬 W i-1(i=2,3,...)을 기반으로 전송 전력이 안테나 그룹 당 최대 전력으로 결정된 안테나 그룹에 영향을 주지 않는 ZF(Zero Forcing) 프리코딩 행렬 T i을 생성하는 단계;
(c) 상기 T i을 기반으로 전송 전력이 결정되지 않은 나머지 안테나 그룹 중 하나의 안테나 그룹의 전송 전력을 안테나 그룹 당 최대 전력으로 하는 상수 αi를 결정하는 단계; 및
(d) 상기 T i 및 상기 αi를 기반으로 i번째 프리코딩 행렬 W i을 생성하는 단계를 포함하되,
상기 i를 1씩 증가시키면서 i≤NG, NtNG-K-(i-1)Nt≥Nt이 될 때까지 상기 단계 (b) 내지 상기 단계 (d)를 반복하는 것을 특징으로 하는 프리코딩 방법. 단, NG는 상기 복수의 안테나 그룹의 개수, Nt는 상기 각 안테나 그룹에 포함되는 송신 안테나의 개수, K는 단일 수신 안테나를 사용하는 총 사용자의 수를 나타낸다. - 제 8 항에 있어서,
상기 안테나 그룹 당 최대 전력은 아래의 수학식을 기반으로 결정되는 것을 특징으로 하는 프리코딩 방법.
tr(W g(W g)H)≤P
단, W g는 W에서 Grg에 속한 행만으로 형성된 Nt×K 크기의 부분 행렬(submatrix)이며, Grg는 Nt개의 송신 안테나를 포함하는 g번째 안테나 그룹을 나타낸다. P는 기지국의 총 전송 전력을 나타낸다. - 제 8 항에 있어서,
상기 W 1=α1 T 1로 정의되는 것을 특징으로 하는 프리코딩 방법. 단, α1는 안테나 그룹의 전송 전력을 안테나 그룹 당 최대 전력으로 결정하기 위한 상수이며, T 1은 채널 행렬 H의 의사 역행렬(pseudo-inverse matrix)에 대하여 모든 사용자에게 균일하게 전송 전력을 할당한 행렬을 나타낸다. - 제 8 항에 있어서,
상기 W i=W i-1+αi T i로 정의되는 것을 특징으로 하는 프리코딩 방법. - 제 8 항에 있어서,
상기 T i은 H i의 의사 역행렬에 모든 열을 정규화한 행렬로 정의되는 것을 특징으로 하는 프리코딩 방법. 단, H i는 채널 행렬 H에서 전송 전력이 안테나 그룹 당 최대 전력으로 결정된 안테나 그룹의 인덱스에 해당하는 열의 원소들을 모두 0으로 대체한 행렬이다. - 무선 통신 시스템에서,
무선 신호를 송신 또는 수신하는 RF(Radio Frequency)부; 및
상기 RF부와 연결되는 프로세서를 포함하되,
상기 프로세서는,
복수의 송신 안테나 중 하나의 송신 안테나의 전송 전력을 안테나 당 최대 전력으로 결정하는 1번째 프리코딩 행렬 W 1을 생성하고,
(i-1)번째 프리코딩 행렬 W i-1(i=2,3,...)을 기반으로 전송 전력이 안테나 당 최대 전력으로 결정된 송신 안테나에 영향을 주지 않는 ZF(Zero Forcing) 프리코딩 행렬 T i을 생성하고,
상기 T i을 기반으로 전송 전력이 결정되지 않은 나머지 송신 안테나 중 하나의 송신 안테나의 전송 전력을 안테나 당 최대 전력으로 하는 상수 αi를 결정하고,
상기 T i 및 상기 αi를 기반으로 i번째 프리코딩 행렬 W i을 생성하도록 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
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| CN107615694B (zh) * | 2015-06-17 | 2021-02-05 | 苹果公司 | 用于确定预编码矩阵的方法和预编码模块 |
| CN109067446B (zh) * | 2018-10-24 | 2020-08-11 | 北京科技大学 | 一种多天线多用户大规模天线的混合预编码方法 |
| KR102392526B1 (ko) * | 2019-11-28 | 2022-04-29 | 한국과학기술원 | Oam 통신 시스템의 안테나 비정렬 보상 방법 및 이를 수행하는 장치 |
| KR102765427B1 (ko) | 2020-11-02 | 2025-02-12 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 무선 통신 시스템에서 빔포머를 제어하기 위한 장치 및 방법 |
| KR102287794B1 (ko) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-09 | 세종대학교산학협력단 | 밀리미터파 기반의 다중 사용자 대규모 mimo 기반의 하이브리드 빔포밍 시스템 및 이에 적용되는 아날로그 프리코더 행렬 획득 방법 |
| KR102287792B1 (ko) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-09 | 세종대학교산학협력단 | 대용량 mimo-noma 시스템에서 낮은 복잡도 rf 프리코더를 기반으로 한 하이브리드 빔포밍 |
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| L.-N. TRAN ET AL.: "Multiuser diversity for successive zero-forcing dirty paper doing: Greedy scheduling algorithms and asymptotic performance analysis", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING, vol. 58, no. 6, June 2010 (2010-06-01), pages 3411 - 3416 * |
| N. SCHRAMMAR ET AL.: "Fair user selection for zero-forcing precoding in multi-user MISO systems", 2009 43RD ASILOMAR CONFERENCE ON SIGNALS, SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS, 4 November 2009 (2009-11-04), pages 1412 - 1415 * |
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| US20130208825A1 (en) | 2013-08-15 |
| KR20140017487A (ko) | 2014-02-11 |
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