WO2012051639A1 - Device and method for extruding thermoplastic plastic material - Google Patents

Device and method for extruding thermoplastic plastic material Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012051639A1
WO2012051639A1 PCT/AT2011/050018 AT2011050018W WO2012051639A1 WO 2012051639 A1 WO2012051639 A1 WO 2012051639A1 AT 2011050018 W AT2011050018 W AT 2011050018W WO 2012051639 A1 WO2012051639 A1 WO 2012051639A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conveyor
reservoir
plastic material
inlet
screw extruder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2011/050018
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Helmuth Schulz
Original Assignee
Helmuth Schulz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Helmuth Schulz filed Critical Helmuth Schulz
Publication of WO2012051639A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012051639A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/0026—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B29B7/42—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
    • B29B7/426—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix with consecutive casings or screws, e.g. for charging, discharging, mixing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/72—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/84—Venting or degassing ; Removing liquids, e.g. by evaporating components
    • B29B7/845—Venting, degassing or removing evaporated components in devices with rotary stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/86—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for working at sub- or superatmospheric pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/14—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration
    • B29C48/143—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration at a location before or in the feed unit, e.g. influencing the material in the hopper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/255—Flow control means, e.g. valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/287—Raw material pre-treatment while feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
    • B29C48/39—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages a first extruder feeding the melt into an intermediate location of a second extruder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/57—Screws provided with kneading disc-like elements, e.g. with oval-shaped elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
    • B29C48/762—Vapour stripping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/793—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling upstream of the plasticising zone, e.g. heating in the hopper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
    • B29C2791/004—Shaping under special conditions
    • B29C2791/006—Using vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92323—Location or phase of measurement
    • B29C2948/92342—Raw material pre-treatment, e.g. drying or cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/9258—Velocity
    • B29C2948/926—Flow or feed rate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92828—Raw material handling or dosing, e.g. active hopper or feeding device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92838—Raw material pre-treatment, e.g. drying or cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
    • B29C48/385—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages using two or more serially arranged screws in separate barrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/25—Solid
    • B29K2105/251—Particles, powder or granules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for extruding thermoplastic material, with a screw extruder, which is fed through an inlet of its housing by a feeder conveyor with plastic material from a reservoir, wherein a suction device for excreted gases and a control device are provided, wherein the controllable as Dosing conveyor formed feeder conveyor arranged in a tightly adjacent to the inlet conveyor housing and connected to the suction device and wherein the feeder conveyor is also connected tightly to the reservoir.
  • a device of the type mentioned is the subject of DD 280 500 A5, according to which the Zubringsleyer is designed as a twin-screw degassing extruder, in which the material is heated to outgassing to a temperature below its melting temperature. Excessive kneading of the material but below the melting temperature has negative effects on the material properties.
  • One of these measures is to monitor the weight of the initially produced granules and, in the case of a reduced weight, to re-feed this granulate fraction to the extrusion or, if impurities are found, to precipitate it together with these impurities.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a device by means of which the problem of degassing can only be solved properly if possible during a passage through the extruder.
  • the storage container can be tightly closed on the inlet and outlet sides with shut-off devices and that the storage container is equipped with a heater for pretreatment of the plastic material and is connected to the or a suction device.
  • the feeder conveyor is also tightly connected to the reservoir, the latter tightly closed, formed to a pretreatment of the plastic material heated and connected to the or a suction device.
  • the tight closure during the heating phase prevents unwanted access of air, so that the vacuum can be maintained until it enters the extruder, optionally with separate suction lines to the reservoir and the metering conveyor, but also the possibility of removing the gases from the Feed conveyor during the supply from the reservoir via its then open outlet via the vacuum line to suck this reservoir alone.
  • the feeder conveyor is designed as a screw conveyor and its delivery rate is adjustable via the control device. Both in the feeder conveyor, as well as in the extruder itself, the delivery rate is then advantageously set so that the screw or screws are not completely sealed, whereby the gas discharge is favored.
  • the feeder conveyor is designed as a conveyor belt, provided with a weighing device for detecting the currently placed good and adjustable via the connected to the weighing device and the conveyor speed detecting control device, so that also achieves an accurate control of the supply quantity and the desired Gregutstandes the extruder becomes.
  • the device according to the invention is preferably operated in such a way that the plastic material is delivered to the feeder conveyor before being dispensed. derer a preselected period of time, for. B. 30 minutes, left under heating and gas extraction in the reservoir and the subsequent supply of plastic material to the screw extruder by appropriate control of the feeder conveyor to a partial, z. B. 80% charge of the screw extruder is set.
  • a twin-screw extruder is provided, the screws 1 and 2 are drivable via a controllable drive means 3 in the same direction of rotation.
  • the extruder housing 4 has in a known manner an outlet 5 and an inlet 6 which, in contrast to the known embodiments, is tightly connected to the housing 7 of a screw conveyor 8 with screw conveyor 8 and controllable drive means 9. Also tightly equipped with a rotary valve 10 outlet of a reservoir 1 1 is connected to the inlet 12 of the housing 7.
  • the storage container 1 1 is provided with a heating device, not shown, for its contents.
  • the storage container 1 1 is preceded by an intermediate container 13, which in turn can be charged via an inlet 14.
  • the containers 1 1, 13 and 14 are from each other by connections provided with shut-off valves, which were drawn as rotary valves 15, 16, but also be other valves can, connected.
  • a vacuum pump 17 is connected via connecting lines 18, 19, 20 with the conveyor housing 7, the reservoir 1 1 and the intermediate container 13.
  • the feed takes place in such a way that initially with open rotary valve 16 and closed rotary valves 10, 15 of the intermediate container 13 is filled. Then the rotary valve 16 is closed and the rotary valve 15 is opened so that, if necessary in several successive stages of the reservoir 1 1 can be filled.
  • the vacuum remains upright because of the connections via the lines 19, 20.
  • the material is heated in a predetermined residence time in the reservoir 1 1, wherein thereby expelled gases and vapors are sucked through the line 19.
  • the lock 10 is opened and the obturator 15 is closed. Now, the contents of the storage container 1 1 is fed to the extruder 1 to 6 by means of the feeder conveyor 7 to 9 and processed regulated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for extruding thermoplastic plastic material, comprising a screw extruder (1 to 5), which can be supplied with plastic material from a reservoir (11) through an inlet (6) of the housing of the screw extruder by a feed conveyor (7 to 9), wherein a suction apparatus (17 to 20) for released gases and a control apparatus are provided, wherein the feed conveyor (7 to 9), which is designed as a controllable metering conveyor, is arranged in a conveyor housing (7) tightly connected to the inlet (12) and is connected to the suction apparatus (18) and wherein the feed conveyor (7 to 9) is also tightly connected to the reservoir (11). In order to create advantageous conditions, the reservoir (11) can be tightly closed on the inlet and outlet sides by means of shut-off apparatuses, and the reservoir (11) is equipped with a heater and connected to the or a suction apparatus (19) in order to pretreat the plastic material.

Description

VORRICHTUNG UND VERFAHREN UM EXTRUDIEREN VON THERMOPLASTISCHEM  DEVICE AND METHOD FOR EXTRUDING THERMOPLASTIC
KUNSTSTOFFMATERIAL  PLASTIC MATERIAL
Technisches Gebiet Technical area
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Extrudieren von thermoplastischem Kunststoffmaterial, mit einem Schneckenextruder, der durch einen Einlass seines Gehäuses von einem Zubringerförderer mit Kunststoffgut aus einem Vorratsbehälter beschickbar ist, wobei eine Absaugeinrichtung für ausgeschiedene Gase und eine Steuereinrichtung vorgesehen sind, wobei der als regelbarer Dosierförderer ausgebildete Zubringerförderer in einem dicht an den Einlass anschließenden Förderergehäuse angeordnet und mit der Absaugeinrichtung verbunden ist und wobei der Zubringerförderer auch dicht mit dem Vorratsbehälter verbunden ist. The invention relates to a device for extruding thermoplastic material, with a screw extruder, which is fed through an inlet of its housing by a feeder conveyor with plastic material from a reservoir, wherein a suction device for excreted gases and a control device are provided, wherein the controllable as Dosing conveyor formed feeder conveyor arranged in a tightly adjacent to the inlet conveyor housing and connected to the suction device and wherein the feeder conveyor is also connected tightly to the reservoir.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Bei der Verarbeitung von Altmaterial zu Kunststoffgranulat ist darauf zu achten, dass als Endprodukt ein für die Weiterverarbeitung brauchbares Granulat erhalten wird. Dabei ist es notwendig, das Altmaterial möglichst vor Verunreinigungen Flüssigkeiten und insbesondere Gasen zu reinigen. Eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art ist Gegenstand des DD 280 500 A5, gemäß der der Zubringförderer als Doppelschneckenentgasungsextruder ausgebildet ist, in dem das Material zum Ausgasen auf eine Temperatur unterhalb seiner Schmelztemperatur erwärmt wird. Ein übermäßiges Kneten des Materials un- terhalb der Schmelztemperatur hat aber negative Auswirkungen auf die Materialeigenschaften. When processing waste material into plastic granules, care must be taken that the final product is a granulate that is suitable for further processing. It is necessary to clean the old material as possible from impurities liquids and gases in particular. A device of the type mentioned is the subject of DD 280 500 A5, according to which the Zubringförderer is designed as a twin-screw degassing extruder, in which the material is heated to outgassing to a temperature below its melting temperature. Excessive kneading of the material but below the melting temperature has negative effects on the material properties.
Eine weitere gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist aus der AT 504 723 bekannt. Sowohl in dieser Patentschrift als auch in weiteren Literaturstellen sind aufwendige Maßnahmen zur Reinigung des Kunststoffmaterials vorgesehen. Die vorliegende Erfindung befasst sich in erster Linie mit den notwendigen Schritten zur Entgasung des Kunststoffmaterials. Nach der genannten Patentschrift wird das Kunststoffmaterial vom Vorratsbehälter in einen offenen Einlass des Extrudergehäuses gefördert und im Arbeitsbereich des Extruders ist im Abstand vom Einlass ein Anschluss für eine Vakuumleitung vorgesehen, mit deren Hilfe die beim Extrudieren ausgeschiedenen Gase abgesaugt werden. Diese Maßnahme führt nicht immer zu einer ausreichenden Entgasung und es sind nachträgliche Maßnahmen erforderlich, um schließlich ein genügend entgastes Granulat zu erhalten. Einer dieser Maßnahmen ist es, das Gewicht des zunächst erzeugten Granulats zu überwachen und bei einem Mindergewicht diesen Granulatanteil noch einmal der Extrusion zuzuführen bzw. dann, wenn auch Verunreinigungen festgestellt werden, gemeinsam mit diesen Verunreinigungen auszuscheiden. Another generic device is known from AT 504 723. Both in this patent and in other references elaborate measures for cleaning the plastic material are provided. The present invention is primarily concerned with the necessary steps for degassing the plastic material. According to the cited patent, the plastic material is conveyed from the reservoir into an open inlet of the extruder housing and in the working area of the extruder, a connection for a vacuum line is provided at a distance from the inlet, with the help of which the excreted gases are sucked off. This measure does not always lead to sufficient degassing and subsequent measures are required to finally obtain a sufficiently degassed granules. One of these measures is to monitor the weight of the initially produced granules and, in the case of a reduced weight, to re-feed this granulate fraction to the extrusion or, if impurities are found, to precipitate it together with these impurities.
Darstellung der Erfindung Presentation of the invention
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist somit die Schaffung einer Vorrichtung, mit deren Hilfe das Problem der Entgasung möglichst nur während eines Durchganges durch den Extruder einwandfrei gelöst werden kann. The object of the invention is therefore to provide a device by means of which the problem of degassing can only be solved properly if possible during a passage through the extruder.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst, dass der Vorratsbehälter einlass- und auslassseitig mit Absperrorganen dicht verschließbar ist und dass der Vorratsbehälter zu einer Vorbehandlung des Kunststoffgutes mit einer Heizung ausgestattet und mit der bzw. einer Absaugeinrichtung verbunden ist. This object is achieved according to the invention in that the storage container can be tightly closed on the inlet and outlet sides with shut-off devices and that the storage container is equipped with a heater for pretreatment of the plastic material and is connected to the or a suction device.
Zur Verbesserung der Wirkungsweise ist vorgesehen, das Kunststoffgut vor der Zuführung zum Extruder zu erwärmen und damit bereits vor dem Eintritt in den Extruder die Gase für die Absaugung auszutreiben. Diese Erwärmung kann beispielsweise dadurch erfolgen, dass zudem am Förderergehäuse selbst eine Beheizungseinrichtung angebracht wird, sodass das Gut während des Durchlaufes erwärmt, getrocknet und entgast wird. Derzeit wird allenfalls in Kombination mit der erwähnten Maßnahme eine Ausführung bevorzugt, nach der der Zubringerförderer auch dicht mit dem Vorratsbehälter verbunden ist, welch letzterer dicht verschließbar, zu einer Vorbehandlung des Kunststoffgutes beheizbar ausgebildet und mit der bzw. einer Absaugeinrichtung verbunden ist. Durch den dichten Verschluss während der Beheizungsphase wird ein unerwünschter Luftzutritt verhindert, sodass das Vakuum bis zum Eintritt in den Extruder aufrechterhalten werden kann, wobei wahlweise gesonderte Saugleitungen zu dem Vorratsbehälter und dem Dosierförderer vorgesehen werden können, aber auch die Möglichkeit besteht, die Gase aus dem Zubringerförderer während der Zufuhr aus dem Vorratsbehälter über dessen dann geöffneten Auslass über die Vakuumleitung dieses Vorratsbehälters allein abzusaugen. To improve the effect is intended to heat the plastic material before being fed to the extruder and thus before entering the Extruder to expel the gases for the suction. This heating can take place, for example, by additionally providing a heating device on the conveyor housing itself, so that the material is heated, dried and degassed during the passage. At present, at best in combination with the mentioned measure an embodiment is preferred, according to which the feeder conveyor is also tightly connected to the reservoir, the latter tightly closed, formed to a pretreatment of the plastic material heated and connected to the or a suction device. The tight closure during the heating phase prevents unwanted access of air, so that the vacuum can be maintained until it enters the extruder, optionally with separate suction lines to the reservoir and the metering conveyor, but also the possibility of removing the gases from the Feed conveyor during the supply from the reservoir via its then open outlet via the vacuum line to suck this reservoir alone.
Für die konstruktive Ausgestaltung des Zubringerförderers gibt es wieder verschiedene Möglichkeiten. Eine von ihnen ist, dass der Zubringerförderer als Schneckenförderer ausgebildet und seine Fördermenge über die Steuereinrichtung einstellbar ist. Sowohl im Zubringerförderer, als auch im Extruder selbst, wird dann vorteilhaft die Fördermenge so eingestellt, dass die Schnecke bzw. Schnecken nicht vollständig dicht gefüllt werden, wodurch die Gasableitung begünstigt ist. For the structural design of the feeder conveyor there are again different possibilities. One of them is that the feeder conveyor is designed as a screw conveyor and its delivery rate is adjustable via the control device. Both in the feeder conveyor, as well as in the extruder itself, the delivery rate is then advantageously set so that the screw or screws are not completely sealed, whereby the gas discharge is favored.
Nach einer anderen Variante ist der Zubringerförderer als Förderband ausgebildet, mit einer Wiegeeinrichtung zur Erfassung des momentan aufgelegten Gutes versehen und über die mit der Wiegeeinrichtung verbundene und die Fördergeschwindigkeit erfassende Steuereinrichtung regelbar, sodass auch hier eine genaue Regelung der Zufuhrmenge und des angestrebten Füllgutstandes des Extruders erzielt wird. According to another variant of the feeder conveyor is designed as a conveyor belt, provided with a weighing device for detecting the currently placed good and adjustable via the connected to the weighing device and the conveyor speed detecting control device, so that also achieves an accurate control of the supply quantity and the desired Füllgutstandes the extruder becomes.
Verfahrensmäßig wird die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung bevorzugt in der Weise betrieben, dass das Kunststoffgut vor der Abgabe an den Zubringerför- derer eine vorwählbare Zeitspanne, z. B. 30. Minuten, unter Erwärmung und Gasabsaugung im Vorratsbehälter belassen und die anschließende Zufuhr des Kunststoffgutes zum Schneckenextruder durch entsprechende Regelung des Zubringerförderers auf eine nur teilweise, z. B. 80 % betragene Füllung des Schneckenextruders, eingestellt wird. In terms of method, the device according to the invention is preferably operated in such a way that the plastic material is delivered to the feeder conveyor before being dispensed. derer a preselected period of time, for. B. 30 minutes, left under heating and gas extraction in the reservoir and the subsequent supply of plastic material to the screw extruder by appropriate control of the feeder conveyor to a partial, z. B. 80% charge of the screw extruder is set.
Wenn bei dem beschriebenen Verfahren ein kontinuierlicher Arbeitsbetrieb eingehalten werden soll, besteht auch die Möglichkeit, zwei Vorratsbehälter vorzusehen und diese wechselweise mit dem Zubringerförderer zu verbinden. If a continuous operation is to be maintained in the described method, it is also possible to provide two reservoirs and to connect them alternately with the feeder conveyor.
Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnung Short description of the drawing
In der einzigen Figur der Zeichnung ist in schematischer Darstellungsweise eine Ausführungsform des Erfindungsgegenstandes veranschaulicht. In the single figure of the drawing an embodiment of the subject invention is illustrated in a schematic representation.
Weg zur Ausführung der Erfindung Way to carry out the invention
Beim Ausführungsbeispiel ist ein Doppelschneckenextruder vorgesehen, dessen Schnecken 1 und 2 über eine regelbare Antriebseinrichtung 3 im gleichen Drehsinn antreibbar sind. Das Extrudergehäuse 4 besitzt in bekannter Weise einen Auslass 5 und einen Einlass 6, der im Gegensatz zu den bekannten Ausführungen mit dem Gehäuse 7 eines als Schneckenförderer mit Förderschnecke 8 und regelbare Antriebseinrichtung 9 dicht verbunden ist. Ebenfalls dicht ist der mit einer Zellradschleuse 10 ausgestattete Auslass eines Vorratsbehälters 1 1 an den Einlass 12 des Gehäuses 7 angeschlossen. Der Vorratsbehälter 1 1 ist mit einer nicht dargestellten Beheizungseinrichtung für seinen Inhalt versehen. In the embodiment, a twin-screw extruder is provided, the screws 1 and 2 are drivable via a controllable drive means 3 in the same direction of rotation. The extruder housing 4 has in a known manner an outlet 5 and an inlet 6 which, in contrast to the known embodiments, is tightly connected to the housing 7 of a screw conveyor 8 with screw conveyor 8 and controllable drive means 9. Also tightly equipped with a rotary valve 10 outlet of a reservoir 1 1 is connected to the inlet 12 of the housing 7. The storage container 1 1 is provided with a heating device, not shown, for its contents.
Dem Vorratsbehälter 1 1 ist ein Zwischenbehälter 13 vorgeordnet, der seinerseits über einen Einlass 14 beschickt werden kann. Die Behälter 1 1 , 13 und 14 sind voneinander durch mit Absperrorganen versehene Anschlüsse, die als Zellradschleusen 15, 16 eingezeichnet wurden, aber auch sonstige Ventile sein können, verbunden. Eine Vakuumpumpe 17 ist über Anschlussleitungen 18, 19, 20 mit dem Förderergehäuse 7, dem Vorratsbehälter 1 1 und dem Zwischenbehälter 13 verbunden. The storage container 1 1 is preceded by an intermediate container 13, which in turn can be charged via an inlet 14. The containers 1 1, 13 and 14 are from each other by connections provided with shut-off valves, which were drawn as rotary valves 15, 16, but also be other valves can, connected. A vacuum pump 17 is connected via connecting lines 18, 19, 20 with the conveyor housing 7, the reservoir 1 1 and the intermediate container 13.
Die Beschickung erfolgt in der Weise, dass zunächst bei geöffneter Zellradschleuse 16 und geschlossenen Zellradschleusen 10, 15 der Zwischenbehälter 13 gefüllt wird. Dann wird die Zellradschleuse 16 geschlossen und die Zellradschleuse 15 geöffnet, sodass, gegebenenfalls in mehreren aufeinanderfolgenden Stufen der Vorratsbehälter 1 1 gefüllt werden kann. Dabei bleibt das Vakuum wegen der Anschlüsse über die Leitungen 19, 20 aufrecht. Nach Füllung des Vorratsbehälters 1 1 wird das Gut in einer vorgegebenen Verweilzeit im Vorratsbehälter 1 1 erwärmt, wobei dabei ausgetriebene Gase und Dämpfe über die Leitung 19 abgesaugt werden. Nach der erwähnten Verweilzeit wird die Schleuse 10 geöffnet und das Absperrorgan 15 geschlossen. Nun wird der Inhalt des Vorratsbehälters 1 1 mittels des Zubringerförderers 7 bis 9 dem Extruder 1 bis 6 zugeführt und geregelt verarbeitet. The feed takes place in such a way that initially with open rotary valve 16 and closed rotary valves 10, 15 of the intermediate container 13 is filled. Then the rotary valve 16 is closed and the rotary valve 15 is opened so that, if necessary in several successive stages of the reservoir 1 1 can be filled. The vacuum remains upright because of the connections via the lines 19, 20. After filling of the reservoir 1 1, the material is heated in a predetermined residence time in the reservoir 1 1, wherein thereby expelled gases and vapors are sucked through the line 19. After the mentioned residence time, the lock 10 is opened and the obturator 15 is closed. Now, the contents of the storage container 1 1 is fed to the extruder 1 to 6 by means of the feeder conveyor 7 to 9 and processed regulated.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1 . Vorrichtung zum Extrudieren von thermoplastischem Kunststoffmaterial, mit einem Schneckenextruder (1 bis 5), der durch einen Einlass (6) seines Gehäuses von einem Zubringerförderer (7 bis 9) mit Kunststoffgut aus einem Vorratsbehälter (1 1 ) beschickbar ist, wobei eine Absaugeinrichtung (17 bis 20) für ausgeschiedene Gase und eine Steuereinrichtung vorgesehen sind, wobei der als regelbarer Dosierförderer ausgebildete Zubringerförderer (7 bis 9) in einem dicht an den Einlass (12) anschließenden Förderergehäuse (7) angeordnet und mit der Absaugeinrichtung (18) verbunden ist und wobei der Zubringerförderer (7 bis 9) auch dicht mit dem Vorratsbehälter (1 1 ) verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Vorratsbehälter (1 1 ) einlass- und auslassseitig mit Absperrorganen dicht verschließbar ist und dass der Vorratsbehälter (1 1 ) zu einer Vorbehandlung des Kunststoffgutes mit einer Heizung ausgestattet und mit der bzw. einer Absaugeinrichtung (19) verbunden ist. 1 . Device for extruding thermoplastic material, having a screw extruder (1 to 5), which can be fed through an inlet (6) of its housing from a feed conveyor (7 to 9) with plastic material from a storage container (1 1), wherein a suction device (17 20 to 20) for separated gases and a control device are provided, wherein the feeder conveyor (7 to 9) designed as a controllable metering conveyor is arranged in a close to the inlet (12) subsequent conveyor housing (7) and connected to the suction device (18) and wherein the supply conveyor (7 to 9) is also tightly connected to the reservoir (1 1), characterized in that the reservoir (1 1) on the inlet and outlet side with shut-off is tightly closed and that the reservoir (1 1) for a pretreatment of Plastic good equipped with a heater and with the or a suction device (19) is connected.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zubringerförderer als Schneckenförderer (7 bis 9) ausgebildet und seine Fördermenge über die Steuereinrichtung einstellbar ist. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the feeder conveyor designed as a screw conveyor (7 to 9) and its delivery rate is adjustable via the control device.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zubringerförderer als Förderband ausgebildet, mit einer Wiegeeinrichtung zur Erfassung des momentan aufgelegten Gutes versehen und über die mit der Wiegeeinrichtung verbundene und die Fördergeschwindigkeit erfassende Steuereinrichtung regelbar ist. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the feeder conveyor designed as a conveyor belt, provided with a weighing device for detecting the currently placed good and is controllable via the connected to the weighing device and the conveying speed detecting control device.
4. Verfahren zum Betreiben der Vorrichtung zum Extrudieren von thermoplastischem Kunststoffmaterial, insbesondere nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kunststoffgut vor der Abgabe an den Zubringerförderer (7 bis 9) eine vorwählbare Zeitspanne, z. B. 30. Minuten, unter Erwärmung und Gasabsaugung im Vorratsbehälter (1 1 ) belassen und die anschließende Zufuhr des Kunststoffgutes zum Schneckenextruder (1 bis 6) durch entsprechende Regelung des Zubringerförderers auf eine nur teilweise, z. B. 80 % betragene Füllung des Schneckenextruders, eingestellt wird. 4. A method for operating the apparatus for extruding thermoplastic material, in particular according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the plastic material before delivery to the feeder conveyor (7 to 9) a preselectable period of time, for. B. 30 minutes, under Leave heating and gas extraction in the reservoir (1 1) and the subsequent supply of the plastic material to the screw extruder (1 to 6) by appropriate control of the feeder conveyor on a partially, z. B. 80% charge of the screw extruder is set.
PCT/AT2011/050018 2010-10-18 2011-10-07 Device and method for extruding thermoplastic plastic material WO2012051639A1 (en)

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