WO2012045586A1 - Betriebsgerät für leuchtmittel mit niedervolt-spannungsversorgung - Google Patents
Betriebsgerät für leuchtmittel mit niedervolt-spannungsversorgung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012045586A1 WO2012045586A1 PCT/EP2011/066492 EP2011066492W WO2012045586A1 WO 2012045586 A1 WO2012045586 A1 WO 2012045586A1 EP 2011066492 W EP2011066492 W EP 2011066492W WO 2012045586 A1 WO2012045586 A1 WO 2012045586A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- switch
- low
- supply circuit
- circuit according
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0045—Converters combining the concepts of switch-mode regulation and linear regulation, e.g. linear pre-regulator to switching converter, linear and switching converter in parallel, same converter or same transistor operating either in linear or switching mode
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of so-called.
- Low-voltage power supply for a load in particular for active semiconductor ICs.
- the invention relates in particular to control gear for lamps (eg. LEDs, OLEDs, halogen, low-pressure and high-pressure gas discharge lamps).
- lamps eg. LEDs, OLEDs, halogen, low-pressure and high-pressure gas discharge lamps.
- these DC supply voltages are in the range of less than 15 volts DC.
- a start phase of the operating device immediately after switching on the mains voltage supply from this a first start-low voltage is generated.
- the switch is usually a transistor and the energy store is a charging capacitor, preferably an electrolytic capacitor.
- a DC voltage is applied to the capacitor.
- This DC voltage runs from zero to a certain voltage below 15 volts high, which is then kept more or less constant.
- This DC voltage then supplies an active control circuit of the operating device, which usually controls clocked modules of the operating device. Only in periods in which the control circuit clocks these modules properly, then a power supply for the control circuit can be done from a clocked module, and the power loss of the mains voltage supplied starting resistor can be switched off if necessary.
- the starting voltage usually serves only to initiate the starting phase or to cover a particularly low power requirement of a load, unless you take a higher power loss in purchasing.
- the charging capacitor In a known low-voltage power supply circuit described in DE 10 2008 016 754 A1, which is part of an operating device for a lighting device, the charging capacitor therefore, after passing through the starting phase, which is also referred to here as "linear operation", with the center tap of a rectifier
- the half or full bridge is present anyway in the operating device and is part of a voltage converter for the supply of the light source, so that the power transferred to the charging capacitor is sufficient to reach a higher one in the phase following the starting phase To meet the power requirement of a load connected to the output of the low-voltage supply circuit.
- the above-described known low-voltage power supply circuit has the following disadvantages: 1. It is not independently controllable.
- the range of services depends on the half or full bridge frequency.
- the known circuit must be dimensioned so that they at low frequency, ie at 100% light needed
- the invention has for its object to provide a method for providing a low voltage for a load, in particular for semiconductor ICs, which are preferably used in operating devices for lighting, and a corresponding low-voltage power supply circuit, which at least one of the disadvantages of the prior the technique is reduced.
- the power provided in the pulse operation of the low-voltage supply circuit is higher than the power transmitted in linear operation, thus the pulse currents are higher than the continuous currents in linear operation.
- the frequency of the switching pulses for the switch is higher, preferably much higher than the mains frequency chosen.
- An input voltage is a DC source.
- a charging capacitor preferably an electrolytic capacitor is suitable.
- the switch with a current limiting circuit and the energy storage with ahesbegrenzungsscrien- connected This can for example consist of a parallel to the energy storage Zener diode.
- the means for generating the switching pulses for the switch may be formed by a controller, which is anyway present in any case when using the low-voltage power supply circuit in a control device for a lighting device anyway.
- the controller can also be effective as a voltage regulator at the same time.
- control input of the switch is connected to a charge pump 'which evaluates the generated from the charge of the energy storage operating voltage and after a change in the mode of operation from linear operation to pulsed operation a potential increase of Switching pulses at the control input of the switch causes such that the switching pulses for the switch overcome the threshold voltage when switching safely.
- Figure 1 shows a first embodiment
- Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of
- Low-voltage supply circuit which differs from the first embodiment only in terms of the voltage limit and the specific design of the charge pump.
- the low-voltage supply circuit shown in Figure 1 is used to generate from the higher voltage of an input voltage source SQ, a low voltage Vcc, with the active semiconductor ICs, such as ASICs can be fed.
- the low voltage Vcc to be generated in the present case is a DC voltage of, for example, a maximum of 12 volts.
- the input voltage is in stationary operation a DC voltage with, for example, 400 volts. Since this input voltage with active clocked components ⁇ eg. active PFC) is generated starting from an AC line voltage, it can be equal to the peak value of the applied mains voltage during startup or standby (PFC not yet switched on or off).
- the input voltage source SQ is connected to the input terminals 1 and 2 of the circuit.
- the input voltage of a series circuit of an optional circuit breaker SW (with an internal resistance, which is represented by Rl), the primary winding Li of a transformer TR, a controllable electronic switch XI (in the form of a power FETs) and one at the output terminals 3 and 4 lying load RL supplied.
- the optional disconnect switch SW switches off in certain states, the circuit shown completely to limit the losses to zero. This is particularly possible if electrical energy for a control circuit can be obtained from a bus line (for example, if the idle state of the bus protocol is not equal to zero).
- the switch SW is driven by a standby control circuit, not shown.
- the ohmic starting resistance is denoted by R2.
- the series circuit of the capacitors C2, C3 is charged via the starting resistor R2 and thus the gate of XI is triggered via the node R2, C2, R3.
- the switch XI is thus in linear operation.
- the load RL represents, for example, semiconductor active ICs to be supplied.
- a charging capacitor C4 which is formed, for example. Of an electrolytic capacitor.
- controllable electronic switch XI is hereinafter referred to as "switch”, while the optional disconnect switch S is also referred to below as “disconnector”.
- the charging capacitor C4 has the function of an energy storage.
- the Zener diode D4 serves to limit the voltage drop across the charging capacitor C4 to the Zener voltage of-in the present case-12 volts.
- a current limiting circuit which consists of a shunt (resistor for picking up a voltage signal) R5, a charge capacitor C1 connected in parallel thereto, and a
- the emitter-base path of the transistor Ql is connected in parallel with the shunt R5 and the capacitor C1.
- the base of the transistor Ql is connected to the source of the switch XI, and the collector is connected to the gate of XI via a resistor R3.
- the connection point between Rl and the primary winding LI of the transformer TR is connected through the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 to the gate of the switch XI.
- the capacitor Cl is dimensioned such that neither the pulse operation (see below) is affected, nor the inrush current is too large.
- a charge pump LP is connected to the charge capacitor C4, the exact function of which will be explained later.
- the charge pump LP comprises two series-connected pump capacitors C2 and C3, which are between ground and the control input of the switch XI, wherein the series resistor R3 is interposed.
- a resistor R6 is connected in parallel.
- a controller CT (which can also be arranged externally) is shown here as a further part of the charge pump LP. It has a connection 5 for the supply of the operating voltage Vcc, a ground terminal 7 and a terminal 6, from which switching pulses for the switch XI are output.
- the terminal 5 of the controller CT is - as indicated by the two Vcc characters - connected to the higher-potential output terminal 3.
- the charge pump LP includes a first pump transistor Q3 and a second pump transistor Q2.
- the emitter of the first pump transistor Q3 is grounded. Its collector is connected both to the base of the second pump transistor Q2 and - via a resistor R8 - to the hot output terminal 3.
- the base of the first pump transistor Q3 is connected via a resistor R4 to terminal 6 of the controller CT, which is intended to output the switching pulses for the switch XI.
- the emitter-collector path of the second pump transistor Q2 extends between the connection point of the two pump capacitors C2 and C3 on one side and - with the interposition of a Load resistor R7 - the "hot output port 3 on the other side.
- the emitter-base path of the second pump transistor Q2 is bridged by a diode D3.
- the "hot" output terminal 3 is further connected via a diode D2 and the resistor R3 to the control input of the switch XI.
- the circuit breaker SW is opened and the switch XI is opened, i. the power FET is still non-conductive.
- the gate potential must be higher than the source potential by the FET threshold voltage (approximately 1.5 to 4.5 volts) when the disconnector SW is switched on.
- the voltage at the charging capacitor C4 is still zero, the controller CT is still inactive.
- the voltage at the source of XI is also zero.
- the full DC input voltage of, for example, 400 volts in steady-state operation is present (in the standby case or in the start-up phase 310V at 230V mains voltage, see above).
- the pump capacitors C2 and C3 begin to charge via the resistor R2, with the result that the voltage at the control input of the switch XI increases.
- the switch XI starts to become conductive. Now, a current flows from the input voltage source SQ via the circuit breaker SW, the resistor Rl, the primary winding Li of the transformer TR, the closed switch XI, the shunt R5 and the output terminals 3, 4 in the charging capacitor C4.
- the load RL are active semiconductor ICs, they still do not take power while they are inactive. This applies equally to the Controller CT. The result is that the voltage across the charging capacitor increases approximately linearly.
- the current through the switch XI is - as will be described in more detail later - limited by the shunt R5 and the capacitor Cl in conjunction with the current limiting transistor Ql.
- the capacitor Cl serves primarily to allow later to pass more accurately described pulse currents. It is important that the time constants R2, C2, C3 in relation to the charging time of Cl is very large, so that when switching on the current slowly increases to the value set with the shunt.
- the limitation of the current through the switch XI is made by the fact that an excessive current has a correspondingly high voltage drop across the shunt R5 result. As a result, the current limiting transistor Ql becomes increasingly conductive. This in turn reduces the voltage across the source-gate path of switch XI, with the result that the current through XI is reduced again. With the current flowing through the switch XI and the charging of the charging capacitor C4, the voltage at the source electrode of the switch XI increases. To maintain the current flow and still - up to the specified limit - too increase, the voltage at the gate electrode of the switch XI must be increased accordingly. This is ensured by the increase in the voltage across the two pump capacitors C2, C3.
- the linear mode switches to the so-called “pulse mode.” This can be done automatically or externally controlled.
- the pulsed operation it is initially assumed that the maximum current predetermined by the current limiting circuit flows through the switch XI, and that the maximum voltage of 12 volts imposed by the zener diode D4 is applied to the charging capacitor C4.
- the signal output 6 of the controller CT is initially not yet give a switching pulse, so practically still at ground potential.
- the first pump transistor Q3 is still off, and a base current flows across the second pump transistor Q2 the resistor R8 with the result that Q2 is conductive.
- the connection point of the two pump capacitors C2, C3 has approximately the potential of the charging capacitor C4.
- the gate ⁇ control input ⁇ of switch XI continues to be at a bias potential greater than 12 volts (about 20 volts) and is higher than the potential at the source electrode by the FET threshold voltage. As a result, current continues to flow through the switch XI, as was the case previously in linear mode. However, the current flowing in pulse mode in the on state by the switch XI currents are higher than the currents in linear operation.
- the switchover between linear operation and pulse operation is dependent on the state of the operating device, in particular the load of the low-voltage supply circuit.
- the state may be a state present in the controller CT or a state supplied to it (for example, a predetermined state sequence). For example. If such a state can be defined in terms of time (the switching, in particular from linear operation to pulsed operation, then takes place after a defined time interval, for example after the controller has been switched on), or depends on at least one feedback measuring signal.
- the controller CT can know the current or soon-to-be-available energy demand of the load (for example ASIC etc.) of the low-voltage supply circuit on the basis of the state or of a returned measurement signal. If there is an increased demand for energy, switching to pulsed operation will take place.
- the returned measurement signal can thus be tapped in particular at the load.
- a switching pulse is delivered by the controller CT, this results in an increase of the potential at the signal output 6 of the controller CT to ground potential, whereby the first pump transistor Q3 is turned on. It thus reduces the potential at the connection point of the two pump capacitors C3 and C2 to almost ground potential.
- the potential at the gate electrode (control input) of the switch is lowered accordingly, with the result that the switch XI blocks abruptly.
- the sudden interruption of the current flow through the inductance of the input winding LI of the transformer TR results in a freewheeling current, which is transmitted to the secondary winding L2 and used to charge the charging capacitor C4.
- the switch XI, the transformer TR with its two windings LI, L2, the rectifier diode D5 and the charging capacitor C4 form a flyback converter which reduces the input DC voltage of 400 volts substantially to the low output voltage of 12 Converts volts.
- the output 3, 4 of the circuit during the pulse operation removable power is higher than that which can be removed from the circuit during the linear phase.
- the linear operation can be maintained as long as the power limit of the switch XI and the Zener diode D4 are not exceeded.
- the function of the framed charge pump LP is that switching pulses output by the controller CT are converted at a relatively low voltage amplitude into switching pulses whose amplitude is substantially higher, so high that the FET threshold voltage (Threshold), which may be about depending on the FET type between 1.5 volts and 3.5 volts, is safely swept by the converted switching pulses.
- the FET threshold voltage which may be about depending on the FET type between 1.5 volts and 3.5 volts
- the circuit of Figure 2 differs from that of Figure 1, characterized the limitation of the voltage across the charging capacitor C4 is no longer done by a Zener diode connected in parallel to this, which inevitably destroys energy, but by a circuit part, the additional
- Voltage limiting transistor Q4 contains.
- the collector of Q4 is connected via the series resistor R3 to the control input of the switch XI.
- the emitter of Q4 is connected to the collector of the first pump transistor Q3 via a Zener diode D4, and the base of Q4 is connected to the "hot" terminal of the charging capacitor C4, when the voltage across the charging capacitor C4 passes through the Zener Diode D4 exceeds a predetermined value of 12 volts, a current flows through Q4, thereby reducing the potential at the base of Q4, thereby causing the current flow through switch XI is reduced, which then causes a corresponding reduction of the charging voltage at C4.
- Essential to the voltage limiting variant according to FIG. 2 is that it is active only in linear operation.
- the potential at the signal output 6 of the controller CT is approximately ground potential, so that the positive electrode of the Zenerdxode here is virtually at ground.
- This additional way to limit the current flowing through the switch XI linear operation is only particularly advantageous when working in the pulse mode with the smallest possible pulse duration and possibly also with lückendem or burst mode. This is the case when too few consumers are active and still too much power has to be destroyed. Then, in some circumstances - as far as the power loss is concerned - the linear mode could be the cheaper one.
- the linear operation is needed only for the start-up phase, until the voltage on the charging capacitor C4 has risen to 8 volts or more, the controller CT is supplied with the operating voltage Vcc and the gate of the switch XI with the required bias of more than 8 volts can be applied.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112011103379T DE112011103379A5 (de) | 2010-10-06 | 2011-09-22 | Betriebsgerät für Leuchtmittel mit Niedervolt-Spannungsversorgung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010042029A DE102010042029A1 (de) | 2010-10-06 | 2010-10-06 | Betriebsgerät für Leuchtmittel mit Niedervolt-Spannungsversorgung |
DE102010042029.8 | 2010-10-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012045586A1 true WO2012045586A1 (de) | 2012-04-12 |
Family
ID=44735898
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2011/066492 WO2012045586A1 (de) | 2010-10-06 | 2011-09-22 | Betriebsgerät für leuchtmittel mit niedervolt-spannungsversorgung |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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DE (2) | DE102010042029A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2012045586A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102019130876A1 (de) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-05-20 | Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg | Niedervoltspannungsversorgung für externe Geräte ausgehend von einem Betriebsgerät für Gebäudetechnik |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5773966A (en) * | 1995-11-06 | 1998-06-30 | General Electric Company | Dual-mode, high-efficiency dc-dc converter useful for portable battery-operated equipment |
US20070069703A1 (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-03-29 | Fujitsu Limited | Controller for DC-DC converter and method for controlling DC-DC converter |
DE102008016754A1 (de) | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-01 | Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg | Niedervoltversorgung in Betriebsgeräten für Leuchtmittel |
-
2010
- 2010-10-06 DE DE102010042029A patent/DE102010042029A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-09-22 WO PCT/EP2011/066492 patent/WO2012045586A1/de active Application Filing
- 2011-09-22 DE DE112011103379T patent/DE112011103379A5/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5773966A (en) * | 1995-11-06 | 1998-06-30 | General Electric Company | Dual-mode, high-efficiency dc-dc converter useful for portable battery-operated equipment |
US20070069703A1 (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-03-29 | Fujitsu Limited | Controller for DC-DC converter and method for controlling DC-DC converter |
DE102008016754A1 (de) | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-01 | Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg | Niedervoltversorgung in Betriebsgeräten für Leuchtmittel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102010042029A1 (de) | 2012-04-12 |
DE112011103379A5 (de) | 2013-08-14 |
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