WO2012041613A2 - A bi-directional dc-dc converter and a system for starting and controlling a power plant - Google Patents

A bi-directional dc-dc converter and a system for starting and controlling a power plant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012041613A2
WO2012041613A2 PCT/EP2011/064573 EP2011064573W WO2012041613A2 WO 2012041613 A2 WO2012041613 A2 WO 2012041613A2 EP 2011064573 W EP2011064573 W EP 2011064573W WO 2012041613 A2 WO2012041613 A2 WO 2012041613A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
converter
section
directional
switching
boost
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/064573
Other languages
French (fr)
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WO2012041613A3 (en
Inventor
Nikhil Edlabadkar
Mahesh Pr
Robin Gupta
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
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Publication of WO2012041613A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012041613A2/en
Publication of WO2012041613A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012041613A3/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bi-directional DC-DC converter, and more particularly, to a bi-directional DC-DC converter which can reduce losses.
  • a bi-directional DC-DC converter is a type of DC-DC converter which can work as step up converter in one direction of operation and as step down converter in another direction of operation .
  • the DC-DC converter is an electronic circuit which converts a source of direct current (DC) from one voltage level to another like DC transformers. These power supplies are more efficient because switching elements are either ON or OFF and are not operated in active region, thus reduce power losses.
  • EP 1458084 A2 which discloses an LC circuit is placed between winding wire for high voltage side in a transformer and a switching section for high voltage side, wherein the LC circuit converts a wave form of a current into a sinusoidal one and thereby, OFF timing of a switching element can be set in the vicinity of a zero crossing point of a current value. Accordingly, switching in the vicinity of the zero crossing point of the current value can be realized to cause remarkable reduction of switching losses.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a bi-directional DC- DC converter which converts the voltage efficiently by reducing the power losses.
  • a bi-directional DC-DC converter connectable to a dc storage to provide an output voltage in a discharge mode and to charge the dc storage in charging mode
  • the converter includes a first set of terminals for a low-voltage side adapted to connect to a dc storage, a second set of terminals for a high-voltage side, a high frequency transformer including a primary winding for the low-voltage side and a secondary winding for the high-voltage side, a first switching section inserted between the first terminal and the primary winding in a way to include a set of first switching elements coupled to form bridge topology and a set of first rectifying
  • a boost converter section cascaded between the terminal of secondary winding of transformer and terminal for high voltage side and the second switching section having a boost inductor, a diode and a boost switch, a second switching section inserted between the second terminal and the secondary winding having a set of second switching elements coupled together to form bridge topology and a set of second rectifying element coupled together to form bridge topology and a filtering element inserted between the boost converter section and the second switching section, so that, the converter is adapted to by-pass the boost converter section in charging mode. This helps to reduce losses during charging of a battery connectable to the converter .
  • the converter includes a link capacitor inserted between the boost converter section and the second terminal. This helps to make the converter work in the charging mode self-sustainably, as the link capacitor gets charged in the discharging mode and gets discharged in the charging mode.
  • the converter includes a switch section controller to control the first switching section and the second switching section. This will automatically switch ON and OFF, relevant switching elements during discharge mode and charging mode .
  • the first switching elements are MOSFET.
  • the MOSFET are suited for low voltage, high current application and capable of being switched at higher frequency reducing the size of transformer and thus size of converter.
  • the second switching elements are IGBT.
  • the IGBT are ideally suited for high voltage because of low on state resistance.
  • the first switching section is having full bridge topology.
  • the full bridge topology at provides better conversion efficiency for high power
  • the second switching section is having full bridge topology.
  • the full bridge topology at provides better conversion efficiency for high power
  • a system for starting and controlling a power plant includes the bi-directional DC- DC convertor with the link capacitor. This will help to provide the system with black start capability, where the dc source connectable to the converter powers internal loads attached with to the system.
  • system includes an active front end rectifier adapted to be coupled to a AC power source providing a power, and to rectify and compensate the power being fed to an internal load via DC-AC converter. This helps to regulate power received from a AC power source to provide the power with constant voltage and frequency as required by the internal loads.
  • the system includes a system controller adapted to control and protect atleast one of the active front end rectifier or the bi-directional DC-DC converter or the DC-DC converter or a combination thereof.
  • the system includes a sensing and signal compensating unit used to sense
  • FIG 1 shows a schematic illustration of a bi-directional DC- DC converter.
  • FIG 2 shows a schematic illustration of a system for starting and controlling a power plant including a bi-directional DC- DC convertor.
  • FIG 1 a bi-directional DC-DC converter 1 is illustrated, wherein the converter 1 is connected to a dc storage 2 to provide an output voltage in a discharge mode and to charge the dc storage in charging mode.
  • the converter 1 includes a first set of terminals 3-3' for a low-voltage side connected to the dc storage 2, a second set of terminals 4-4' for a high-voltage side, a transformer 5 having a primary winding 6 for the low-voltage side and a secondary winding 7 for the high-voltage side, a first switching section 8 inserted between the first terminal 3-
  • the primary winding 6 includes a set of first switching elements 10-1 through 10-4 coupled to form bridge topology and a set of first rectifying elements 11-1 through 11-4 connected in anti-parallel to each of the first switching elements 10-1 through 10-4, a boost converter 12 cascaded between the second set of terminals 4-4' for high voltage side and a second switching section 9 includes a boost inductor 13, a diode 14 and a boost switch 15, the second switching section 9 inserted between the second terminal 4-4' and the secondary winding 7 have a set of second switching elements 16-1 through 16-4 coupled together to form bridge topology and a set of second rectifying element 17-1 through 17-4 coupled together to form bridge topology, and a
  • the converter 1 also includes a link capacitor 19 inserted between the boost converter section 12 and the second set terminal 4-4'.
  • the link capacitor 19 can be replaced by any external dc energy source which can power the dc storage 2 during the charging mode of the DC-DC converter 1.
  • the first switching section 8 is having a full wave topology with the first set of switching elements 10-1 through 10-4 and the first rectifying elements 11-1 through 11-4.
  • the first switching section can have a half wave topology also with the set of first switching (10-1 & 10-4 or 10-2 & 10-3) elements and the set of first rectifying elements (11-1 & 11- 4 or 11-2 & 11-3) .
  • the second switching section is having a full wave topology with the second set of switching elements 16-1 through 16-4 and the second set of rectifying elements 17-3 through 17-4.
  • the first switching section can have a half wave topology also with the set of second switching elements (16-1 & 16-4 or 16-2 & 16-3) and the set of second rectifying elements (17-1 & 17-4 or 17-2 & 17-3) .
  • Flow of current under discharging mode of working of the DC- DC converter 1 during upper half cycle of the current flow will be through the first switching elements 10-1 and 10-2 on the low voltage side and through second rectifying elements 17-1 and 17-2 on the high voltage side.
  • flow of current during lower half cycle of the current will be through first switching elements 10-3 and 10-4 on the low voltage side and through the second switching elements 16-4 and 16-3 on high voltage side.
  • the current will also flow through the boost converter section 12.
  • the current will enter into the boost inductor 13 and if the boost switch 15 is opened, the current will flow through the link capacitor 19 and if the boost switch is closed, the flow of current will bye-pass the link capacitor 19.
  • the boost inductor 13 will keep on charging the inductor and when the boost switch 15 is open, the current flowing through the boost inductor 13 gets enhanced, as the boost inductor 15 will release stored energy.
  • the switch section controller controls the switching elements and the rectifying elements to open or close the elements as required while flow of current during the upper and lower cycles during charging and discharging modes.
  • Filtering element 18 inserted between the second switching section 9 and the boost converter section 12.
  • the filtering element 18 can be made up through capacitors, inductors, resistors or combination thereof.
  • the filtering element 18 blocks high frequency signals and only passes the low
  • Link Capacitor 19 is inserted between the boost converter section and the second set of terminals 4-4' .
  • the function of the link capacitor 19 is to keep a potential drop constant for any power load connectable to the second set of terminals 4-4' .
  • the first switching elements 10-1 through 10-4 are MOSFET and the second switching elements 16-1 through 16-4 are IGBT.
  • the switching elements 10-1 through 10-4 can be IGBT and the second switching elements 16-1 through 16-4 are MOSFET.
  • the switching elements 10-1 to 10-4, 16-1 to 16-4 can be IGBT, or MOSFET, or BJT or any other switching elements or a combination thereof.
  • FIG 2 illustrates a system 27 for starting and controlling a power plant including a bi-directional DC-DC convertor 1 for providing a black start capability self-sustainably, by using a dc storage 2 which has been charged previously during the regular operation of the system 27 by a link capacitor 19 electrically coupled to the DC-DC converter 1.
  • the bi-directional DC-DC converter 1 works in a
  • the DC-DC converter 1 works in the charging mode to charge the dc storage 2 during the regular running of the system 27.
  • the DC-DC converter 1 works in the discharging mode to provide energy to run internal loads 22 and the system 27 during start up phase of the system 27.
  • the system 27 also includes an active front end rectifier 20 to be coupled to an ac power source 21 providing power to an external load 26 and the internal loads 23, and to rectify and compensate the power being fed to the internal loads 22 via a DC-AC converters 23.
  • This active front end rectifier 20 can be a 3 leg converter unit which can be operated as rectifier for power factor correction & serves as inverter for active & reactive power compensation.
  • the system 27 is also provided with a system controller 24 which functions to implement a closed loop for controlling and protecting atleast one of the active front end rectifier 20 or the bi-directional DC-DC converter 1 or the DC-AC converter 23 or a combination thereof with the system 27 controller 24 in the event of failures like over current flowing through the system or over load on the system.
  • a system controller 24 which functions to implement a closed loop for controlling and protecting atleast one of the active front end rectifier 20 or the bi-directional DC-DC converter 1 or the DC-AC converter 23 or a combination thereof with the system 27 controller 24 in the event of failures like over current flowing through the system or over load on the system.
  • the system 27 can control various other units involved in the functioning of the system 27.
  • the system controller 24 can be atleast a DSP, a FPGA microcontroller, or a combination thereof.
  • the system 27 is also provided with a sensing and signal compensating unit 25 coupled together to used to sense electrical, mechanical or thermal quantities which are used as feedback for closed loop control of active front end 20rectifier and or the bi-directional DC-DC converterl and adapted to provide a feedback.
  • the system controller 24 makes decisions or corrective measures for functioning of the system 27.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

A bi-directional DC-DC converter (1) connectable to a dc storage (2) to provide an output voltage in a discharge mode and to charge the dc storage (2) in charging mode, the converter (1) includes a first set of terminals (3-3') for a low-voltage side adapted to connect to the dc storage (2), a second set of terminals (4-4') for a high-voltage side, a transformer (5) including a primary winding (6) for the low- voltage side and a secondary winding (7) for the high-voltage side, a first switching section (8) inserted between the first terminal (3-3') and the primary winding (6), has a set of first switching elements (10-1 through 10-4) coupled to form bridge topology and a set of first rectifying elements (11-1 through 11-4) connected in anti-parallel to each of the first switching elements (10), a boost converter section (12) cascaded between the terminal (4-4') for high voltage side and a second switching section (9), includes a boost inductor (13), a diode (14) and a boost switch (15), the second switching section (9) inserted between the boost converter section (12) and the secondary winding (7), has a set of second switching elements (16-1 through 16-4) coupled together to form bridge topology and a set of second rectifying element (17-1 through 17-4) coupled together to form bridge topology, and a filtering element (18) inserted between the boost converter section (12) and the second switching section (9), in a way, so that the converter (1) is adapted to by-pass the boost converter section (12) in charging mode.

Description

Description
A bi-directional DC-DC converter and a system for starting and controlling a power plant
The invention relates to a bi-directional DC-DC converter, and more particularly, to a bi-directional DC-DC converter which can reduce losses. A bi-directional DC-DC converter is a type of DC-DC converter which can work as step up converter in one direction of operation and as step down converter in another direction of operation . The DC-DC converter is an electronic circuit which converts a source of direct current (DC) from one voltage level to another like DC transformers. These power supplies are more efficient because switching elements are either ON or OFF and are not operated in active region, thus reduce power losses.
One way to reduce power losses is disclosed by Hiroyuki
Eguchi in EP 1458084 A2 which discloses an LC circuit is placed between winding wire for high voltage side in a transformer and a switching section for high voltage side, wherein the LC circuit converts a wave form of a current into a sinusoidal one and thereby, OFF timing of a switching element can be set in the vicinity of a zero crossing point of a current value. Accordingly, switching in the vicinity of the zero crossing point of the current value can be realized to cause remarkable reduction of switching losses.
An object of the invention is to provide a bi-directional DC- DC converter which converts the voltage efficiently by reducing the power losses.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a bi-directional DC-DC converter connectable to a dc storage to provide an output voltage in a discharge mode and to charge the dc storage in charging mode, wherein the converter includes a first set of terminals for a low-voltage side adapted to connect to a dc storage, a second set of terminals for a high-voltage side, a high frequency transformer including a primary winding for the low-voltage side and a secondary winding for the high-voltage side, a first switching section inserted between the first terminal and the primary winding in a way to include a set of first switching elements coupled to form bridge topology and a set of first rectifying
elements connected in anti-parallel to each of the first switching elements, a boost converter section cascaded between the terminal of secondary winding of transformer and terminal for high voltage side and the second switching section having a boost inductor, a diode and a boost switch, a second switching section inserted between the second terminal and the secondary winding having a set of second switching elements coupled together to form bridge topology and a set of second rectifying element coupled together to form bridge topology and a filtering element inserted between the boost converter section and the second switching section, so that, the converter is adapted to by-pass the boost converter section in charging mode. This helps to reduce losses during charging of a battery connectable to the converter .
According to an exemplary embodiment, the converter includes a link capacitor inserted between the boost converter section and the second terminal. This helps to make the converter work in the charging mode self-sustainably, as the link capacitor gets charged in the discharging mode and gets discharged in the charging mode.
According to one embodiment, the converter includes a switch section controller to control the first switching section and the second switching section. This will automatically switch ON and OFF, relevant switching elements during discharge mode and charging mode . According to another embodiment, the first switching elements are MOSFET. The MOSFET are suited for low voltage, high current application and capable of being switched at higher frequency reducing the size of transformer and thus size of converter.
According to yet another embodiment, the second switching elements are IGBT. The IGBT are ideally suited for high voltage because of low on state resistance.
According to one embodiment, the first switching section is having full bridge topology. The full bridge topology at provides better conversion efficiency for high power
application and improves reliability.
According to another embodiment, the second switching section is having full bridge topology. The full bridge topology at provides better conversion efficiency for high power
application .
According to yet another embodiment, a system for starting and controlling a power plant includes the bi-directional DC- DC convertor with the link capacitor. This will help to provide the system with black start capability, where the dc source connectable to the converter powers internal loads attached with to the system.
According to an exemplary embodiment, system includes an active front end rectifier adapted to be coupled to a AC power source providing a power, and to rectify and compensate the power being fed to an internal load via DC-AC converter. This helps to regulate power received from a AC power source to provide the power with constant voltage and frequency as required by the internal loads.
According to one embodiment, the system includes a system controller adapted to control and protect atleast one of the active front end rectifier or the bi-directional DC-DC converter or the DC-DC converter or a combination thereof.
According to another embodiment, the system includes a sensing and signal compensating unit used to sense
electrical, mechanical or thermal quantities which are used as feedback for closed loop control of active front end rectifier and or the bi-directional DC-DC converter FIG 1 shows a schematic illustration of a bi-directional DC- DC converter.
FIG 2 shows a schematic illustration of a system for starting and controlling a power plant including a bi-directional DC- DC convertor.
Various embodiments are described with reference to the drawing, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to single elements throughout. In the following description, for purpose of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. It may be evident that such embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. Referring to FIG 1, a bi-directional DC-DC converter 1 is illustrated, wherein the converter 1 is connected to a dc storage 2 to provide an output voltage in a discharge mode and to charge the dc storage in charging mode. The converter 1 includes a first set of terminals 3-3' for a low-voltage side connected to the dc storage 2, a second set of terminals 4-4' for a high-voltage side, a transformer 5 having a primary winding 6 for the low-voltage side and a secondary winding 7 for the high-voltage side, a first switching section 8 inserted between the first terminal 3-
3' and the primary winding 6 includes a set of first switching elements 10-1 through 10-4 coupled to form bridge topology and a set of first rectifying elements 11-1 through 11-4 connected in anti-parallel to each of the first switching elements 10-1 through 10-4, a boost converter 12 cascaded between the second set of terminals 4-4' for high voltage side and a second switching section 9 includes a boost inductor 13, a diode 14 and a boost switch 15, the second switching section 9 inserted between the second terminal 4-4' and the secondary winding 7 have a set of second switching elements 16-1 through 16-4 coupled together to form bridge topology and a set of second rectifying element 17-1 through 17-4 coupled together to form bridge topology, and a
filtering element 18 inserted between the boost converter section 12 and the second switching section 9, in a way that the converter 1 by-pass the boost converter section 12 during charging mode .
The converter 1 also includes a link capacitor 19 inserted between the boost converter section 12 and the second set terminal 4-4'. Alternatively, the link capacitor 19 can be replaced by any external dc energy source which can power the dc storage 2 during the charging mode of the DC-DC converter 1.
The first switching section 8 is having a full wave topology with the first set of switching elements 10-1 through 10-4 and the first rectifying elements 11-1 through 11-4. The first switching section can have a half wave topology also with the set of first switching (10-1 & 10-4 or 10-2 & 10-3) elements and the set of first rectifying elements (11-1 & 11- 4 or 11-2 & 11-3) .
The second switching section is having a full wave topology with the second set of switching elements 16-1 through 16-4 and the second set of rectifying elements 17-3 through 17-4. The first switching section can have a half wave topology also with the set of second switching elements (16-1 & 16-4 or 16-2 & 16-3) and the set of second rectifying elements (17-1 & 17-4 or 17-2 & 17-3) . Flow of current under discharging mode of working of the DC- DC converter 1 during upper half cycle of the current flow will be through the first switching elements 10-1 and 10-2 on the low voltage side and through second rectifying elements 17-1 and 17-2 on the high voltage side. While, flow of current during lower half cycle of the current will be through first switching elements 10-3 and 10-4 on the low voltage side and through the second switching elements 16-4 and 16-3 on high voltage side.
During discharging mode, the current will also flow through the boost converter section 12. The current will enter into the boost inductor 13 and if the boost switch 15 is opened, the current will flow through the link capacitor 19 and if the boost switch is closed, the flow of current will bye-pass the link capacitor 19. Whenever the boost switch 15 remain closed, the boost inductor 13 will keep on charging the inductor and when the boost switch 15 is open, the current flowing through the boost inductor 13 gets enhanced, as the boost inductor 15 will release stored energy.
Flow of current under charging mode of working of the DC-DC converter 1 during upper half cycle of the current flow will be through the first rectifying elements 11-1 and 11-2 on the low voltage side and through second switching elements 16-1 and 16-2 on the high voltage side. While, flow of current during lower half cycle of the current will be through the first switching elements 11-3 and 11-4 on the low voltage side and through the second rectifying elements 16-3 and 16-4 on high voltage side.
The switch section controller controls the switching elements and the rectifying elements to open or close the elements as required while flow of current during the upper and lower cycles during charging and discharging modes.
Filtering element 18 inserted between the second switching section 9 and the boost converter section 12. The filtering element 18 can be made up through capacitors, inductors, resistors or combination thereof. The filtering element 18 blocks high frequency signals and only passes the low
frequency signals.
Link Capacitor 19 is inserted between the boost converter section and the second set of terminals 4-4' . The function of the link capacitor 19 is to keep a potential drop constant for any power load connectable to the second set of terminals 4-4' .
The first switching elements 10-1 through 10-4 are MOSFET and the second switching elements 16-1 through 16-4 are IGBT. Alternatively, the switching elements 10-1 through 10-4 can be IGBT and the second switching elements 16-1 through 16-4 are MOSFET. Yet alternatively, the switching elements 10-1 to 10-4, 16-1 to 16-4 can be IGBT, or MOSFET, or BJT or any other switching elements or a combination thereof. FIG 2 illustrates a system 27 for starting and controlling a power plant including a bi-directional DC-DC convertor 1 for providing a black start capability self-sustainably, by using a dc storage 2 which has been charged previously during the regular operation of the system 27 by a link capacitor 19 electrically coupled to the DC-DC converter 1.
Here, the bi-directional DC-DC converter 1 works in a
charging mode and a discharging mode. The DC-DC converter 1 works in the charging mode to charge the dc storage 2 during the regular running of the system 27. The DC-DC converter 1 works in the discharging mode to provide energy to run internal loads 22 and the system 27 during start up phase of the system 27. The system 27 also includes an active front end rectifier 20 to be coupled to an ac power source 21 providing power to an external load 26 and the internal loads 23, and to rectify and compensate the power being fed to the internal loads 22 via a DC-AC converters 23. This active front end rectifier 20 can be a 3 leg converter unit which can be operated as rectifier for power factor correction & serves as inverter for active & reactive power compensation.
The system 27 is also provided with a system controller 24 which functions to implement a closed loop for controlling and protecting atleast one of the active front end rectifier 20 or the bi-directional DC-DC converter 1 or the DC-AC converter 23 or a combination thereof with the system 27 controller 24 in the event of failures like over current flowing through the system or over load on the system.
Alternatively, the system 27 can control various other units involved in the functioning of the system 27. The system controller 24 can be atleast a DSP, a FPGA microcontroller, or a combination thereof.
The system 27 is also provided with a sensing and signal compensating unit 25 coupled together to used to sense electrical, mechanical or thermal quantities which are used as feedback for closed loop control of active front end 20rectifier and or the bi-directional DC-DC converterl and adapted to provide a feedback. On a basis of the feedback, the system controller 24 makes decisions or corrective measures for functioning of the system 27.

Claims

Patent Claims
1. A bi-directional DC-DC converter (1) connectable to a dc storage (2) to provide an output voltage in a discharge mode and to charge the dc storage (2) in charging mode, the converter (1) comprising:
- a first set of terminals (3-3') for a low-voltage side adapted to connect to the dc storage (2),
- a second set of terminals (4-4') for a high-voltage side, - a transformer (5) including a primary winding (6) for the low-voltage side and a secondary winding (7) for the high- voltage side,
- a first switching section (8) inserted between the first terminal (3-3') and the primary winding (6), the first switching section (8) comprising a set of first switching elements (10-1 through 10-4) coupled to form bridge topology and a set of first rectifying elements (11-1 through 11-4) connected in anti-parallel to each of the first switching elements (10),
- a boost converter section (12) comprising a boost inductor (13), a boost diode (14) and a boost switch (15), the boost converter (12) cascaded between the terminal (4-4') for high voltage side and a second switching section (9),
- the second switching section (9) inserted between the boost converter section (12) and the secondary winding (7), the second switching section (9) comprising a set of second switching elements (16-1 through 16-4) coupled together to form bridge topology and a set of second rectifying element (17-1 through 17-4) coupled together to form bridge topology, - a filtering element (18) inserted between the boost
converter section (12) and the second switching section (9), Wherein the converter (1) is adapted to by-pass the boost converter section (12) in charging mode.
2. The bi-directional DC-DC convertor (1) according to claim 1 comprising a link capacitor (19) inserted between the boost converter section (12) and the second set terminal (4-4') .
3. The bi-directional DC-DC convertor (1) according to any of the claims 1 or 2, comprising a switch section controller to control the first switching section (8) and the second switching section (9) .
4. The bi-directional DC-DC convertor (1) according to any of the claims from 1 to 3, wherein the first switching elements (10-1 through 10-4) are MOSFET.
5. The bi-directional DC-DC convertor (1) according to any of the claims from 1 to 3, wherein the second switching elements (16-1 through 16-4) are IGBT .
6. The bi-directional DC-DC convertor (1) according to any of the claims from 1 to 5, wherein the first switching section
(8) is having full bridge topology.
7. The bi-directional DC-DC convertor (1) according to any of the claims from 1 to 6, wherein the second switching section (9) is having full bridge topology.
8. A system (27) for starting and controlling a power plant comprising the bi-directional DC-DC convertor (1) according to any of the claims from 2 to 7.
9. The system (27) according to claim 8 comprising
- an active front end rectifier (20) adapted to be coupled to a ac power source providing a power (21), and to rectify and compensate the power being fed to an internal load (22) via DC-AC converter (23) .
10. The system (27) according to any of the claims 8 or 9 comprising :
- a system controller (24) adapted to control and protect atleast one of the active front end rectifier (20) or the bi¬ directional DC-DC converter (1) or the DC-AC converter (23) or a combination thereof.
11. The system (27) according to any of the claims from 8 to 10 comprising:
- a sensing and signal compensating unit (25) adapted to sense atleast one of the electrical, mechanical or thermal quantities or a combination thereof of to provide a feedback for closed loop control of atleast one of the active front end rectifier (20) or the bi-directional DC-DC converter (1) .
PCT/EP2011/064573 2010-09-27 2011-08-24 A bi-directional dc-dc converter and a system for starting and controlling a power plant WO2012041613A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN1084/KOL/2010 2010-09-27
IN1084KO2010 2010-09-27

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WO2012041613A3 WO2012041613A3 (en) 2012-09-27

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EP3066224B1 (en) 2013-11-04 2020-09-30 Samp S.p.a. Con Unico Socio Resistance annealing furnace for annealing a metal wire, strand, string, wire rod or strap

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EP3066225B1 (en) 2013-11-04 2020-06-10 Samp S.p.a. Con Unico Socio Resistance annealing furnace for annealing a metal wire, strand, string, wire rod or strap
EP3066224B1 (en) 2013-11-04 2020-09-30 Samp S.p.a. Con Unico Socio Resistance annealing furnace for annealing a metal wire, strand, string, wire rod or strap

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