WO2012031416A1

WO2012031416A1 - Energy-saving and emission-reduction electrochemical device for internal combustion engine of automobile and manufacturing method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2012031416A1
Application number: PCT/CN2010/077764
Authority: WO
Inventors: 廖世军; 何金成; 何凯燕; 洪平
Original assignee: 华南理工大学; 中山市环能电子科技有限公司
Priority date: 2010-09-11
Filing date: 2010-10-15
Publication date: 2012-03-15
Also published as: CN101949341A; CN101949341B

Abstract

An energy-saving and emission-reduction electrochemical device for an internal combustion engine of an automobile and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The device comprises an electrolytic cell (14), a water supply system, a gas washing and purifying system and a control system (21). The electrodes of the eletrolytic cell (14) are connected to an electric generator of the automobile through the control system (21). The electric current generated by the electric generator of the automobile is sent into the eletrolytic cell (14) after regulated by the control system (21). After the electrolysis of the eletrolytic cell (14) a gas mixture of hydrogen and oxygen is generated, which after passing the gas washing and purifying system is sent to an air intake opening of the automobile engine (16) for a mixed combustion with oil materials. In the manufacturing method the material of the electrode is produced by coating active catalyst substances on a cheap metal. The problem of liquid recharging is thus solved by a liquid automatic-cycle technology. The problem of eletrolytic cell heat-radiation is effectively solved by a low-cost manner of adopting outer heat-radiation wings plus a small fan, and the problem of gas purification is solved by a high-efficient purifying device. The invention has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, small energy-consumption, high stability, long service life etc.

Description

Electrochemical device for energy saving and emission reduction of automobile internal combustion engine and manufacturing method thereof

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of energy saving and emission reduction of automobile internal combustion engines, in particular to a fuel economy for automobile internal combustion engine and reduction of emissions Electrochemical device and its manufacturing method.

Background technique

Cars are an important symbol of human civilization. The emergence and development of automobiles has rapidly promoted the development of society and the improvement of people's living standards. However, cars also bring serious energy and environmental problems to human beings. Currently, automobiles consume a lot of oil resources and emit large amounts of greenhouse gases, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, incomplete substances, and particulate pollutants. Automobiles are undoubtedly the fundamental way to solve the problems of current fuel vehicles. However, there are still many economic and technical problems that need to be solved in electric vehicles. Therefore, the development of technologies that can reduce vehicle fuel consumption or reduce vehicle emissions pollution is of great significance for ensuring the healthy development of automobiles, protecting the environment, and protecting people's health.

The incorporation of a small amount of hydrogen into the fuel can significantly reduce the fuel consumption of the automobile, and at the same time effectively reduce the pollutant emissions of the automobile. In order to solve the problem of efficient and stable hydrogen supply on the vehicle, many efforts have been made.

At present, the electrolyzers sold on the market have the disadvantages of large volume, low electrolysis efficiency, large heat and complicated heat dissipation, lack of automatic management, and continuous operation for a long time; due to the small space available for installation on the automobile and limited power supply capability of the automobile power supply, etc. The product's electrolyzer is not suitable for the oxy-hydrogen gas generation device for energy saving and emission reduction of automobiles;

WO2009072838.A2 Disclosed is a hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas generating device for fuel economy and emission reduction of an automobile, which uses a solid electrolyte electrode containing an expensive proton exchange membrane and a precious metal catalyst; and the heat dissipation problem thereof is not well solved. There is also the problem that the overall volume is too large;

CN200820024147.4 Also disclosed is a vehicle hydrogen fuel energy generating device, which comprises a battery, a hydrogen-oxygen generator, a hydrogen outlet and an oxygen outlet respectively connected to a combustion cylinder, wherein the hydrogen-oxygen generator also uses a solid electrolyte electrode In other respects, the patent has hardly been mentioned; it is an SPE technology hydrogen-oxygen generator that electrolyzes pure water. The same applicant has proposed an application for heat preservation and heating in CN200820024098.4 to ensure the normal start-up of the device under low temperature conditions.

Chinese patent application 2008102419334 Disclosed is a vehicle oxyhydrogen gas generating device which uses a stainless steel sheet as an electrode, and the stainless steel sheet is resistant to electrochemical corrosion under electrolytic conditions.

CN200810243883.3 The design idea of a vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system is disclosed, which does not involve key technologies such as electrodes and electrolytic cells, and the designed route is too complicated. Difficult to promote use;

In summary, there is currently no on-board system that can make good use of the limited surplus power supply in the car to generate enough hydrogen and oxygen, and there is no report that the actual effect is obtained.

Summary of the invention

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of current on-board electrochemical devices and to provide an electrochemical device for energy saving and emission reduction of an automobile internal combustion engine and a method of manufacturing the same. The invention has the advantages of compact structure, high electrolysis efficiency, simple water supply and heat dissipation mechanism, complete automatic self-closing management, can be installed in a small space of a car, and can generate sufficient gas by using limited power of the automobile, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively saving fuel and reducing emissions. The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.

Electrochemical device for energy saving and emission reduction of automobile internal combustion engines, including electrolytic cell The water supply system, the gas washing and purifying system and the control system, the electrodes of the electrolytic cell are connected to the automobile generator through a control system, and the current generated by the automobile generator is adjusted by the control system and sent to the electrolytic cell, and the electrolytic cell is electrolyzed to generate hydrogen and oxygen. a mixed gas; the mixed gas is sent to the air intake port of the automobile engine through the gas washing and purifying system to be mixed and burned with the oil; the gas washing and purifying system performs gas-liquid separation, water washing and drying on the mixed gas; and water required for electrolysis in the electrolytic cell It is supplied by the water supply system.

The above electrochemical device for energy saving and emission reduction of an automobile internal combustion engine, the water supply system comprising a water tank and a water pump; The gas washing and purifying system comprises a gas-liquid separator, a drying purifier and the water tank; the gas-liquid separator and the water tank are each provided with a liquid level meter connected to the control system; the upper end gas outlet of the electrolytic cell and the upper end of the gas-liquid separator The gas-liquid inlet is connected, the bottom of the gas-liquid separator is provided with a separator liquid outlet, the separator liquid outlet is connected with the liquid inlet at the bottom of the electrolytic cell, and the gas-liquid separator is further provided with a water inlet connected to the water outlet of the water pump; The water outlet is connected to the water outlet at the bottom of the water tank, and the top of the water tank is provided with a mixed gas outlet connected to the dry purifier; the outlet port of the dry purifier is connected with the air suction duct of the automobile engine.

The above electrochemical device for energy saving and emission reduction of an automobile internal combustion engine, The exposed heat radiating portion of the electrode of the electrolytic cell is provided with a heat dissipating fin and a cooling fan, and the cooling fan is connected with the control system, and heat generated by the electrolysis process is dissipated by the heat dissipating fin and the dissipating wind; the end plate of the electrolytic cell or the electrode near the end plate a temperature sensor is arranged on the board, and the sensor is connected to the control system for monitoring the temperature of the electrolytic cell; The control system controls the magnitude of the electrolysis current according to the operating state of the vehicle, controls the liquid level of the electrolysis cell, and controls the temperature of the electrolysis cell. The control system also has the function of alarming the over-temperature or too low voltage of the electrolysis cell.

The above-mentioned electrochemical device for energy saving and emission reduction of an automobile internal combustion engine is also connected to a control system, and the control system controls the operation of the water pump.

abovementioned An electrochemical device for energy saving and emission reduction of an automobile internal combustion engine, wherein the electrode in the electrolytic cell is a composite electrode, and the composite electrode is composed of a main electrode plate, an auxiliary anode and an auxiliary cathode; and the two sides of the main electrode plate are respectively anodes And the cathode, the auxiliary anode and the auxiliary cathode are respectively located on both sides of the main electrode plate, and the outer portion of the main electrode plate has a heat dissipation function at the same time.

The manufacturing method of the electrochemical device for energy saving and emission reduction of an automobile internal combustion engine comprises:

(1) Preparation of composite electrode with heat dissipation function: machining with iron, nickel or stainless steel metal plate to form the shape of main electrode plate, and installing auxiliary electrode to form composite electrode, composite electrode After washing and surface activation treatment, the surface is plated with a layer of nickel or nickel having a thickness of 10-100 micrometers, the alloy of nickel including nickel-cobalt alloy or nickel-phosphorus alloy, and the opening and the groove portion are brushed. Plating, and then plating a layer of catalytically active metal having a thickness of 0.01-0.1 micrometer on the electrolytically active surface thereof. The catalytically active metal is an alloy of one or more of platinum, palladium and rhodium with nickel or cobalt or a metal black layer; the auxiliary electrode is a wire mesh of iron, nickel or stainless steel, which is mounted on the main electrode plate by spot welding. The distance between the side and the main electrode plate is 0-1 mm; the heat dissipating portion of the main electrode plate is processed into a groove shape;

(2) Assembly of electrolytic cell: According to the different gas production requirements of different vehicles, 4-10 composite electrodes are used to assemble into an electrolytic cell, and the two ends plates are directly used as conductive plates; the cell frame of the electrolytic cell is made of heat-resistant and alkali-resistant plastic. The groove is made of heat-resistant and alkali-resistant sealing ring; after the end plate, the electrode plate and the end plate are arranged in sequence, the assembly is fastened with fastening bolts; after the electrolytic cell is assembled, the exposed heat of the electrode Partially installed with heat dissipating fins and a cooling fan;

(3) Preparation of automatic water supply system: The electrolytic cell is operated in a mode filled with electrolyte solution. The electrolytic cell realizes automatic water supply and automatic separation of gas and liquid through a low water inlet and a high gas outlet. The water automatic replenishment system includes a water tank. , gas-liquid separator, liquid level meter and water pump; using the pressure and height difference of the electrolysis gas to realize the automatic replenishment of the water in the electrolysis cell, the gas-liquid separator and the water tank are provided with a liquid level meter connected with the control system, which can be realized Automatic control of water level to ensure timely supply of water in the electrolytic cell;

(4) The gas purification system uses a dry purification tube to purify the gas, and shares a water tank and a gas-liquid separator with the water automatic replenishing system, and the dry purification tube is filled with a mixture of molecular sieve, silica gel and zinc oxide;

(5) Control system: The control system adopts the control chip to realize the electrolysis current voltage control, temperature control and alarm, water level control and alarm, and the electrolysis current is automatically adjusted with the car throttle.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) In the case of using the surplus power of the automobile engine, the device can efficiently and stably generate a mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen, and the mixed gas is sent to the internal combustion engine and the oil mixed combustion through the air suction port of the automobile, and is normally driven on the urban road. When the fuel economy rate can reach 10-30%, pollutant emissions can be reduced by 15-35%, including 10-20% reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, 30-50% reduction of hydrocarbon emissions, and 20%-40% reduction of nitrogen oxides.

(2) The device is composed of a compact hydrogen-oxygen mixed gas generating device, a water supply system, a gas washing and purifying system, and a control system; and is particularly suitable for being installed in an engine compartment of an automobile;

(3) The method of automatic water replenishment is adopted to realize the automatic replenishment of water; the high-purity purification of the gas is realized by the high-efficiency purification method; the effective heat dissipation is realized by the external fins and the dispersion method;

(4) The electrode used in the device is prepared by coating an active catalyst with an inexpensive metal surface, and has the important advantages of low cost, high stability, and long life.

(5) The use of high-efficiency composite electrode greatly improves the electrolysis efficiency, effectively reduces the volume of the electrolyzer, making it easier to install the narrow space of the car; meanwhile, the cost of the composite electrode is much lower than that of the solid due to the use of ordinary metal plates. Electrolyte electrode

(6) The design of the electrode plate as a heat sink plate greatly simplifies the system, and the complicated heat management problem is effectively solved by the electrode design, the installation of some heat dissipating fins and the fan;

(7) The invention can realize the effective fuel economy and emission reduction of the automobile by using the limited surplus power source on the automobile.

DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the configuration and working principle of an electrochemical device in an embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a four-slot electrolytic cell in the present embodiment.

detailed description

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and examples, but embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto.

As shown in FIG. 1, an electrochemical device for energy saving and emission reduction of an automobile internal combustion engine includes an electrolytic cell 14, a water supply system, a gas washing and purifying system, and a control system 21.

When a certain voltage of direct current (from the automobile generator) is supplied through the control system 21, the water in the electrolytic cell 14 is decomposed to generate a mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen, and the mixed gas now separates the gas from the lye in the gas-liquid separator. The gas after separating the lye is passed into the water tank 12 to further wash away the residual alkali, and then dried and purified by the drying purifier 11 and sent to the air intake port of the automobile engine 16 to be mixed and burned with the oil; the gas washing and purifying system gasizes the mixed gas. The liquid is separated, washed with water and dried; water required for electrolysis in the electrolytic cell 14 is supplied by the water supply system. The water supply system includes a water tank 12, and a water pump 13; the removal of heat generated by the electrolytic cell 14 is accomplished by a temperature control system including a heat sink mounted on the electrolytic cell 14 and controlled by a control system 21 The cooling fan 20; the gas washing and purifying system comprises a gas-liquid separator 15, a drying purifier and the water tank; the gas-liquid separator 15 and the water tank are each provided with a liquid level gauge connected to the control system 21 (17, 18) The upper gas outlet 1 of the electrolytic cell is connected to the gas-liquid inlet at the upper end of the gas-liquid separator 15, the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 15 is provided with a separator liquid outlet, and the separator liquid outlet is connected with the liquid inlet 6 at the bottom of the electrolytic cell. The gas-liquid separator 15 is further provided with a water inlet connected to the water outlet of the water pump 13; the water inlet of the water pump 13 is connected with the water outlet at the bottom of the water tank, and the top of the water tank is provided with a mixed gas outlet connected to the dry purifier; The outlet port is connected to the air intake duct of the automobile engine 16.

2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a four-slot electrolytic cell. The end plate is provided with a liquid inlet 6 and a gas outlet 1, and the temperature sensor 5 is disposed on the electrode plate near the end plate, and is connected to two power supply terminals of the electrolysis power supply (8). And 9) are respectively disposed on the two electrode plates closest to the two end plates, the heat sink 7 is directly mounted on the electrode plate 3 by screws, and 5 rows of electrode plates 3 are placed between the two end plates (2 and 4), passing 4 Only the fixing screw 10 is fastened to form an electrolytic cell.

The electrode in the electrolytic cell is a composite electrode composed of a main electrode plate, an auxiliary anode and an auxiliary cathode; the two sides of the main electrode plate are respectively an anode and a cathode, and the outer portion of the main electrode plate has a heat dissipation function at the same time.

The above manufacturing method for an electrochemical device for energy saving and emission reduction of an automobile internal combustion engine, comprising:

(1) Preparation of composite electrode with heat dissipation function: It is machined into the shape of the main electrode plate by using iron, nickel or stainless steel metal plate. After the auxiliary electrode is installed, it is washed, surface activated, and then plated on the surface. An alloy layer of nickel or nickel having a layer thickness of 10 to 100 μm, the alloy of nickel including nickel-cobalt alloy or nickel-phosphorus alloy, etc., the opening and the groove portion are brush-plated, and then plated on the electrolytically active surface thereof. a layer of catalytically active metal having a thickness of 0.01-0.1 microns, The catalytically active metal is an alloy of one or more of platinum, palladium and rhodium with nickel or cobalt or a metal black layer; the auxiliary electrode is a wire mesh of iron, nickel or stainless steel, which is mounted on both sides of the main electrode plate by spot welding. The distance from the main electrode plate is 0-1 mm; the heat dissipating portion of the main electrode plate is processed into a groove shape;

(2) Assembly of electrolytic cell: According to the different gas production requirements of different vehicles, 4-10 composite electrodes are used to assemble into an electrolytic cell, and the two ends plates are directly used as conductive plates; the cell frame of the electrolytic cell is made of heat-resistant and alkali-resistant plastic. Made, the groove frame is sealed by heat-resistant and alkali-resistant sealing ring; after the end plate, the electrode plate and the end plate are arranged in order, the assembly is fastened with fastening bolts; after the electrolytic cell is assembled, the exposed heat-dissipating portion of the electrode is assembled. Adding heat dissipating fins and a cooling fan 20;

(3) Preparation of automatic water supply system: The electrolytic cell is operated in a mode filled with electrolyte solution. The electrolytic cell realizes automatic water supply and automatic separation of gas and liquid through a low water inlet and a high gas outlet. The water automatic replenishment system includes a water tank. , gas-liquid separator 15, liquid level meter (17, 18) and water pump 13; using the pressure and height difference of the electrolysis gas to achieve automatic replenishment of the water in the electrolysis cell, the gas-liquid separator 15 and the water tank are provided with a control system The 21 connected liquid level meter can realize the automatic control of the water level and ensure the timely supply of water in the electrolytic cell; the volume of the large water tank can be about 1L, and at the same time, the gas washing function is realized, and the volume of the buffer water tank is about 300ML;

(4) The gas purification system uses a dry purification tube to purify the gas, and shares a water tank and a gas-liquid separator 15 with the water automatic replenishing system. The dry purification tube is filled with a mixture of molecular sieve, silica gel and zinc oxide, in order to effectively eliminate the alkali of the gas and Other harmful substances;

(5) Control system 21: The control system 21 adopts a control chip (such as a single chip microcomputer), and uses the CAN bus technology to realize electrolysis current voltage control, temperature control and alarm, water level control and alarm, and the electrolysis current is automatically adjusted with the car throttle.

The use of the car is achieved by:

Several components are respectively installed in suitable positions in the automobile, and the power source is connected to the output connector of the generator of the automobile, and the mixed hydrogen-oxygen gas is sent through the pipeline to the portion of the automobile suction pipe close to the air cleaner. The generating device works synchronously with the car generator to avoid battery failure caused by the battery current. The electrolysis current is automatically adjusted with the size of the throttle. Important information can be displayed on the car driving panel.

Example:

Take 5mm iron plate, machine the hole, seal groove and heat dissipation groove; use spot welding to weld the auxiliary electrode, then plate the nickel coating with thickness of 10 microns, the hole and groove part are strengthened by brush plating technology;

The electroplated nickel electrode plate covers the non-electrode activation region with a self-adhesive, and then the noble metal platinum plating is performed on the electrode activation region, and the plating thickness is 0.01 micron; the area of the activation area is about 48 cm2.

Connect the fabricated electrode plates, slots, and seals in turn, and then fasten them with fastening bolts to install the heat sink fins and fan. Connect the liquid inlet and gas outlet;

Connect the parts according to the method of Figure 2 and inject 200ml into the electrolytic cell. 20%-30% KOH solution, 1000 ml water is injected into the water tank.

The laboratory power supply operation data is as follows: After 2 seconds of startup, the full load state can be reached. At 11.1V, the current can reach 23A, and the production of hydrogen-oxygen mixture reaches 1.8 L/MIN; electrolytic efficiency reaches 45%;

Install the system on the Honda CRV car, connect the power supply to the generator output terminal of the car, and extend the gas output pipe through the air intake pipe to the front end of the air filter. 1000 km of running test on the expressway, fuel consumption of 100 km 7.5 liters, when the device of the invention is not installed, the fuel consumption is 11 and the fuel economy rate is 25%;

The results of exhaust gas detection using a vehicle exhaust gas analyzer found that CO emissions were reduced by 50%. CO2 emissions are reduced by 20%, incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon emissions is reduced by 50%, and nitrogen oxide emissions are reduced by 36%.

Claims

1. An electrochemical device for energy saving and emission reduction of an internal combustion engine of an automobile, characterized in that it comprises an electrolytic cell, a water supply system, a gas washing and purifying system and a control system, and an electrode of the electrolytic cell is connected to the automobile generator through a control system, and the automobile generator The generated current is regulated by the control system and sent to the electrolytic cell, and the electrolytic cell is electrolyzed to generate a mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen; the mixed gas is sent to the air intake port of the automobile engine through the gas washing and purifying system to be mixed and burned with the oil; the gas washing and purifying The system performs gas-liquid separation, water washing, and drying on the mixed gas; water required for electrolysis in the electrolytic cell is supplied by the water supply system.

2. The electrochemical device for energy saving and emission reduction of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said water supply system comprises a water tank and a water pump; said gas washing and purifying system comprises a gas-liquid separator and a dry purifier And the water tank; the gas-liquid separator and the water tank are each provided with a liquid level meter connected to the control system; the upper gas outlet of the electrolytic pool is connected with the gas-liquid inlet of the upper end of the gas-liquid separator, and the bottom of the gas-liquid separator is provided The liquid outlet of the separator, the liquid outlet of the separator is connected with the liquid inlet at the bottom of the electrolytic cell, and the gas-liquid separator is further provided with a water inlet connected to the water outlet of the water pump; the water inlet of the water pump is connected with the water outlet at the bottom of the water tank, and the top of the water tank is provided There is a mixed gas outlet connected to the dry purifier; the outlet port of the dry purifier is connected to the air intake duct of the automobile engine.

3. The electrochemical device for energy saving and emission reduction of an internal combustion engine of an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the exposed portion of the electrode of the electrolytic cell is provided with a heat dissipating fin and a cooling fan, and the cooling fan is connected to the control system, and the electrolysis process is generated. The heat is dissipated by the heat dissipating fins and the heat dissipating wind; the end plate of the electrolytic cell or the electrode plate near the end plate is provided with a temperature sensor, and the sensor is connected with the control system for monitoring the temperature of the electrolytic cell; the control system is based on the car The operating state controls the magnitude of the electrolysis current, controls the liquid level of the electrolysis cell, and controls the temperature of the electrolysis cell. The control system also has the function of alarming the over-temperature or too-low voltage of the electrolysis cell.

4. An electrochemical device for energy saving and emission reduction of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle according to claim 2, wherein said water pump is further connected to a control system, and the operation of the water pump is controlled by the control system.

5. The electrochemical device for energy saving and emission reduction of an internal combustion engine of an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the electrode in the electrolytic cell is a composite electrode, and the composite electrode is composed of a main electrode plate, an auxiliary anode, and an auxiliary cathode. The two sides of the main electrode plate are respectively an anode and a cathode, and the auxiliary anode and the auxiliary cathode are respectively located on two sides of the main electrode plate, and the outer portion of the main electrode plate has a heat dissipation function at the same time.

6. The method of manufacturing an electrochemical device for energy saving and emission reduction of an automotive internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising:

(1) Preparation of composite electrode with heat dissipation function: machining with iron, nickel or stainless steel metal plate to form the shape of the main electrode plate, and installing the auxiliary electrode to form a composite electrode, the composite electrode is washed, surface activated, and then The surface is plated with a layer of nickel or nickel having a thickness of 10-100 micrometers. The alloy of nickel includes nickel-cobalt alloy or nickel-phosphorus alloy. The openings and recesses are brush-plated and then electrolyzed. The surface is coated with a layer of catalytically active metal having a thickness of 0.01-0.1 microns. The catalytically active metal is an alloy of one or more of platinum, palladium and rhodium with nickel or cobalt or a metal black layer; the auxiliary electrode is a wire mesh of iron, nickel or stainless steel, which is mounted on the main electrode plate by spot welding. The distance between the side and the main electrode plate is 0-1 mm; the heat dissipating portion of the main electrode plate is processed into a groove shape;