WO2012023856A1 - Carte de circuits imprimés à plusieurs del et son utilisation dans un appareil antidéflagrant - Google Patents

Carte de circuits imprimés à plusieurs del et son utilisation dans un appareil antidéflagrant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012023856A1
WO2012023856A1 PCT/NL2011/050568 NL2011050568W WO2012023856A1 WO 2012023856 A1 WO2012023856 A1 WO 2012023856A1 NL 2011050568 W NL2011050568 W NL 2011050568W WO 2012023856 A1 WO2012023856 A1 WO 2012023856A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
contact pad
pairs
printed circuit
circuit board
pair
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NL2011/050568
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Pieter Gerardus Goedknegt
Robertus Everardus Antonius Van Der Heiden
Johannes Arie De Bruijn
Original Assignee
Orga Holding B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Orga Holding B.V. filed Critical Orga Holding B.V.
Publication of WO2012023856A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012023856A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
    • H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
    • H05B45/48—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix having LEDs organised in strings and incorporating parallel shunting devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • H05B45/54—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits in a series array of LEDs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of using a printed circuit board, wherein the board comprises a multiple number of contact pad pairs for contacting corresponding contact terminal pairs of LED's, a multiple number of electrically conducting tracks interconnecting the contact pad pairs in series forming, with the contact pad pairs, a chain structure having a first end and a second end, a first power connection portion connected to the first end of the chain structure, a second power connection portion connected to the second of the chain structure, and a bypass circuit arranged in parallel with a contact pad pair or a multiple number of contact pairs connected in series, the bypass circuit including a bypass contact pad pair for contacting a corresponding contact terminal pair of a voltage limiter element.
  • the voltage limiter element is usually a circuit comprising a Zener diode such that, during normal use, a flow of electrical current through the diode is blocked.
  • the LED's are arranged in series wherein the first end and second end are connected to an electrical power source. During normal use of the lighting fixture, no electrical current flows through the bypass circuit.
  • a LED might cause an open pad pair when the LED does not function anymore, e.g. due to end of life
  • the chain structure between the first power connection portion and the second power connection portion is open, so that no current flows through the further LED's of the chain and no light is generated.
  • the parallel bypass circuit an electrical current is forced through the Zener diode, thereby providing a net electrical current flowing in the chain structure, so that the further LED's generate light. Though a single LED does not function anymore, the other LED's still generate light.
  • the serial connection between the first and second end of the chain is not interrupted in the case of a damaged LED that is bypassed by the bypass circuit.
  • the conventional bypass circuits are aimed at bypassing a non-functioning LED such that the other functioning LEDs can keep on working and such that the decrease in light emission can be minimized.
  • a drawback of these conventional bypasses is that the use of such a circuit is relatively area consuming.
  • the conventional bypasses consist of a relatively large number of components, and are relatively complex and expensive.
  • known bypasses are relatively unreliable, making them unsuitable to be installed in hazardous area applications.
  • Publication EP 1 545 163 discloses an electric power supply for LED's connected in series, wherein each LED is provided with a circuit to bypass an LED that is no longer functioning.
  • Publication DE 103 58 447 uses a parallel circuit for each LED connected in series, for bypassing an LED that is no longer functioning.
  • the method comprises the step of using the board in an explosion proof lighting fixture.
  • the invention is at least partly based on the insight that application of the bypass circuit guarantees that the voltage occurring across a contact pad pair is limited to a predetermined level, not to a voltage level provided by a power source between the power connection portions, also when the respective LED is defect.
  • specific safety requirements regarding offsets of contact pads in explosion proof lighting fixtures can be met relatively easily.
  • the bypass circuit according to the invention is a bypass element including a voltage limiter element comprising a single element type, preferably a single type of diode, more preferably a single type Zener diode.
  • the bypass circuit may e.g. include or consist of one or more diodes only, for example one or more Zener diodes only.
  • the bypass circuit may include or consist of one or more fuses only.
  • the bypass circuit may include or consist of one or more LED protectors only.
  • the bypass element is preferably the same as the voltage limiter element, since additional types of elements are omitted in the bypass element according to the invention. This is contrary to the conventional bypass circuits which comprise multiple element types, such as a capacitor, a fuse, a diode etc.
  • the bypass element or voltage limiter element according to the invention comprises a single type of voltage limiter. Although, a plurality of such a single type of voltage limiters may be placed in series or in parallel, depending on the maximum voltage that is allowed in case of failure. In that case, the bypass element still comprises a single type element, but placed in series or in parallel.
  • the bypass element may comprise two, three or four diodes as voltage limiter element.
  • explosion proof lighting fixtures include a simple chain of interconnected LED's provided on a printed circuit board, wherein the pads of a contact pad pair associated with a LED are placed at a relatively large offset corresponding with safety requirements that have to be met taking into account that the voltage provided by the power source between the power connection portions can be present between said contact pad pair pads.
  • explosion proof lighting fixtures could be constructed using other complex, more expensive or less efficient protection structures, e.g. by providing an explosion safe housing including very thick glass to meet governing safety regulations such as EN-IEC 60079-1.
  • the offset between contact pad pair pads can thus be reduced while still meeting safety requirements that apply for explosion proof lighting fixtures.
  • a reduced offset between contact pad pair pads smaller LED's can be applied, resulting in more efficient use of available space to generate a light beam having an improved luminance.
  • other protection structures such as a pressure proof explosion safe housing including very thick glass in the torch can be avoided.
  • normal glass or a transparent plastic having a standard thickness that is also applied in general purpose lighting fixtures can be used.
  • the invention also relates to a printed circuit board.
  • Fig. 1 shows a partial electrical scheme for use on a printed circuit board according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic top view of a printed circuit board according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic top view of a part of the printed circuit board of Fig. 2.
  • FIG. 1 shows a partial electrical scheme for use on a printed circuit board according to the invention.
  • the circuit shows a chain of two Light Emitting Diodes (LED's) 1, 2 connected in series.
  • the LED's are interconnected via an intermediate conducting strip 9.
  • Each LED 1, 2 is arranged in parallel with a respective Zener-diode 3, 4 in reverse bias.
  • the Zener-diode 3, 4 in parallel with the LED 1, 2 constitutes a bypass element as a bypass circuit 5 with a voltage limiter element 3.
  • the bypass circuit 5 a single type element, here a single type voltage limiter element 3, 4 embodied as a Zener-diode.
  • the bypass circuit is a bypass element which is a voltage limiter element. No other types of elements are present in the bypass circuit, so there is no capacitor, there is no fuse etc. contrary to the prior art.
  • multiple voltage limiter elements may be placed in series or in parallel to provide for a bypass element or a bypass circuit which still comprises a single type of element.
  • Zener- diode with constant breakdown voltage prevents the build up of large electrical charge and high voltage levels associated therewith in case of an improperly or damaged LED, and accordingly significantly reduces the risk of sparking or the risk of high energy sparks (with an energy sufficient for igniting an explosive medium), which is important in an explosion proof environment.
  • FIG. 1 The basic circuit diagram shown in Fig. 1 can be implemented in a printed circuit board 10.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic top view of a printed circuit board according to the invention.
  • the printed circuit board 10 of Fig. 2 is to be used for manufacturing or assembling an explosion proof lighting fixture.
  • the board 10 has a multiple number of contact pad pairs 11 for contacting corresponding contact terminal pairs of LED's 6, 9 (not shown in Fig. 2).
  • Each contact pad pair 11 has a positive / anode terminal 12 and a negative / cathode terminal 13.
  • the board 10 has a multiple number of electrically conducting tracks 14 interconnecting the contact pad pairs 11 in series forming, with the contact pad pairs 11, a chain structure having a first end 16 and a second end 17.
  • a first power connection portion (not shown) is connected to the first end 16 of the chain structure and a second power connection portion (also not shown) is connected to the second end 17 of the chain structure.
  • a bypass circuit 5 or bypass element is arranged in parallel, as best seen in Fig. 3 showing a schematic top view of a part of the printed circuit board of Fig. 2.
  • the bypass circuit 5 including a bypass contact pad pair 20 for contacting a corresponding contact terminal pair of a respective voltage limiter element 3 (not shown in Figures 2 and 3). As best seen in Fig.
  • a first electrically conducting track 21 connects the first power connection portion 16 to a first contact pad 12 of a first contact pad pair 11a
  • a second electrically conducting track 24 connects a first contact pad 22 of a second contact pad pair lib to the second contact pad 13 of the first contact pad pair 11a.
  • the chain structure is substantially ring shaped. In this ring shaped chain structure, for each consecutive contact pad pair, an electrically conducting track connects a first contact pad of a corresponding contact pad pair to a second contact pad of the preceding contact pad pair in the chain structure, thus linking al the contact pad pairs in the chain structure.
  • a second chain structure is implemented, the second chain structure including a second multiple number of contact pad pairs 25 and a second multiple number of electrically conducting tracks 15 interconnecting the second contact pad pairs 25 in series.
  • the contact pad pairs 11 and the second contact pad pairs 25 are arranged in alternating order forming a single array, which single array is substantially circular shaped.
  • the printed circuit board 10 typically is a multi-layered structure of laminated sheets. Sheets including structures that conduct electrical currents, such as copper structures, are sandwiched between nonconducting sheets.
  • the electrically conducting tracks and contact pads can e.g. be formed by means of etching or printing.
  • the structure forming process can be applied on either side of the board 10. Accordingly tracks and / or contact pads may thus be present on both, opposite sides of the board 10.
  • the distance, also called offset, between a first pad and a second pad of a particular contact pad pair is adapted to the size of the component to be mounted.
  • the longitudinal size of the LED's is typically circa 3-5 mm (e.g. circa 3.5 mm). However, also other LED's can be applied, having another longitudinal size, e.g.
  • the distance between the contact terminals is typically in the range of about 0.5 to 2 mm, for example circa 2 mm or even less than 2 mm, e.g. circa 1 mm or circa 0.5 mm.
  • a heat sink surface 26 is arranged providing a physical connection to a layer of heat conducting material extending on another level of the board 10, e.g. using a via technology.
  • the clearance between electrically conducting tracks is designed to meet safety requirements related to a maximum voltage that can be applied to the circuit; the higher the voltage, the greater the clearance.
  • the application of voltage limiting elements in the bypass circuits allows the circuit to meet specific safety requirements, e.g. governing intrinsic safety or increased safety protection requirements for explosive atmospheres, e.g. the EN-IEC 60079-11 or EN-IEC 60079-7 standards. This in turn allows a very small clearance between the electrically conducting parts.
  • the printed circuit board 10 as described above can be used to obtain an explosion proof lighting fixture.
  • a method for such use includes the manufacture of an explosion proof lighting fixture.
  • the method may further include the step of mounting contact terminal pairs of LED's to the corresponding contact pad pairs, e.g. using a surface mounting technology.
  • the method can further include the step of mounting the contact terminal pairs of the voltage limiter elements to the corresponding bypass contact pad pairs, in reverse bias with respect to the LED's. More specifically, in the case of a multiple number of bypass circuits, each circuit being arranged in parallel with a corresponding contact pad pair of the LED's, each voltage limiter element is mounted in reverse bias with respect to the corresponding LED.
  • bypass circuit can also be arranged in parallel with a section of the chain structure including a multiple number of contact pad pairs, e.g. in parallel with two LED's or in parallel with three LED's.
  • a voltage protection is obtained with a reduced number of voltage limiter elements.
  • the printed circuit board is used in such a torch.
  • Zener diode instead of applying a Zener diode, also another voltage limiting element can be used, such as another non-linear element e.g. a transorb, transil, shunt protection device or an open LED protector.
  • another non-linear element e.g. a transorb, transil, shunt protection device or an open LED protector.
  • bypass circuit can be applied to a limited number of LED contact pad pairs, e.g. regarding LED's that are most sensitive to damage.
  • the printed circuit board can include a single chain structure or more than two chain structures, e.g. three or four chain structures.

Landscapes

  • Fastening Of Light Sources Or Lamp Holders (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé d'utilisation d'une carte de circuits imprimés, dans lequel procédé la carte comprend une pluralité de paires de zones de contact prévues pour venir en contact avec des paires de bornes de contact correspondantes de diodes électroluminescentes, une pluralité de pistes électriquement conductrices interconnectant les paires de zones de contact en série formant, avec les paires de zones de contact, une structure en chaîne ayant une première extrémité et une seconde extrémité. Une première partie de connexion d'alimentation est connectée à la première extrémité de la structure en chaîne, tandis qu'une seconde partie de connexion d'alimentation est connectée à la seconde extrémité de la structure en chaîne. De plus, un circuit de dérivation est agencé en parallèle avec une paire de zones de contact ou une pluralité de paires de contacts connectées en série, le circuit de dérivation comprenant une paire de zones de contact de dérivation prévues pour venir en contact avec une paire de bornes de contact correspondantes d'un élément limiteur de tension. Le procédé comprend l'étape d'utilisation de la carte dans un appareil d'éclairage antidéflagrant.
PCT/NL2011/050568 2010-08-20 2011-08-19 Carte de circuits imprimés à plusieurs del et son utilisation dans un appareil antidéflagrant WO2012023856A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1038188 2010-08-20
NL1038188 2010-08-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012023856A1 true WO2012023856A1 (fr) 2012-02-23

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3229565A1 (fr) * 2016-04-07 2017-10-11 Azbil Corporation Unité de substrat et procédé de fabrication d'une unité de substrat

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0823589A2 (fr) * 1996-08-06 1998-02-11 Appleton Electric Company Lampe temoin encapsulée antidéflagrante
EP1341142A2 (fr) * 2002-03-01 2003-09-03 Hans-Thomas Hansen Source lumineuse à diodes éléctroluminescentes
DE10358447B3 (de) 2003-12-13 2005-05-25 Insta Elektro Gmbh Beleuchtungseinrichtung
EP1545163A1 (fr) 2003-12-19 2005-06-22 Valeo Vision Dispositif d'alimentation électrique pour diodes électroluminescentes, et projecteur lumineux comportant un tel dispositif
GB2428467A (en) * 2005-07-21 2007-01-31 Imt Bv Explosion proof lighting fixture

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0823589A2 (fr) * 1996-08-06 1998-02-11 Appleton Electric Company Lampe temoin encapsulée antidéflagrante
EP1341142A2 (fr) * 2002-03-01 2003-09-03 Hans-Thomas Hansen Source lumineuse à diodes éléctroluminescentes
DE10358447B3 (de) 2003-12-13 2005-05-25 Insta Elektro Gmbh Beleuchtungseinrichtung
EP1545163A1 (fr) 2003-12-19 2005-06-22 Valeo Vision Dispositif d'alimentation électrique pour diodes électroluminescentes, et projecteur lumineux comportant un tel dispositif
GB2428467A (en) * 2005-07-21 2007-01-31 Imt Bv Explosion proof lighting fixture

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3229565A1 (fr) * 2016-04-07 2017-10-11 Azbil Corporation Unité de substrat et procédé de fabrication d'une unité de substrat

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