WO2012016415A1 - 双反向折叠式横轴潮流能水轮机 - Google Patents

双反向折叠式横轴潮流能水轮机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012016415A1
WO2012016415A1 PCT/CN2011/000087 CN2011000087W WO2012016415A1 WO 2012016415 A1 WO2012016415 A1 WO 2012016415A1 CN 2011000087 W CN2011000087 W CN 2011000087W WO 2012016415 A1 WO2012016415 A1 WO 2012016415A1
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Prior art keywords
generator
tidal energy
folding
impeller
locking mechanism
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PCT/CN2011/000087
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林伟豪
宋永臣
赵佳飞
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大连理工大学
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Publication of WO2012016415A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012016415A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • F03B13/264—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy using the horizontal flow of water resulting from tide movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/061—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially in flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2210/00—Working fluid
    • F05B2210/40—Flow geometry or direction
    • F05B2210/404—Flow geometry or direction bidirectional, i.e. in opposite, alternating directions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/915—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure which is vertically adjustable
    • F05B2240/9152—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure which is vertically adjustable by being hinged
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/97—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a submerged structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a double reverse folding horizontal axis tidal energy turbine, which belongs to the technical field of power generation using tidal current energy.
  • ocean energy is not only rich in resources, but also has little impact on the environment.
  • the global renewable ocean energy resources have a theoretical total of 766,000 GW, and the development prospects are very spectacular.
  • China has a long coastline and a vast sea area.
  • the marine energy reserves are abundant.
  • the developed ocean energy resources include: tidal energy, tidal energy and wave energy. Among them, the average power of tidal energy theory is 13940 MW. Because of its predictability, tidal currents have a larger book than stable waves in providing electricity.
  • tidal energy does not require a wide range of changes to the natural environment, so it has become the current focus of ocean energy.
  • China's tidal energy resources are rich, there are 130 waterways in the country; the waterways between the islands of Zhoushan Islands are the most tidal waters in China, such as Xiqiaomen Waterway, Book Waterway, Jintang Waterway, Xiushan Waterway, Guishan Waterway, etc.
  • the tidal current rate is up to 4. 0 m/s; from the south of Jiangsu Doulong Port, the tides along the Yangtze River estuary, Zhejiang, and Fujian are also 1. 5-3.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a double reverse folding horizontal axis tidal energy turbine, which consumes a large amount of manpower and material resources for transportation and subsea installation in the background art, and reduces the volume of the entire device by effective folding. Transportation, avoid disassembly and assembly between various components to reduce the cost of subsea installation.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is: a double reverse folding horizontal axis tidal energy turbine, the impeller of the hydraulic turbine is connected to the generator via a connecting rod knuckle and a speed increasing gear box, and the tidal current can rotate the impeller to drive the generator to generate electricity;
  • a generator, a connecting rod, a knuckle and a speed increasing gear box are arranged at both ends of the generator.
  • the generator and the speed increasing gear box at both ends are fixed on a common base, and the base is mounted on the pillar by means of a thrust bearing.
  • the pillar is fixed on the cement foundation of the seabed; the impeller is uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction
  • the root of each blade is provided with a blade folding pin, and the connecting rod and the column are locked by a locking mechanism having a folding structure of 2 to 5 knots.
  • the base is provided with a protective cover, and each end of the protective cover is provided with a speed increasing gearbox input shaft 6 shaft seal.
  • the struts are folded by a locking mechanism and have a three-section folding structure.
  • the locking mechanism is loosened, and one struts are pushed into the two struts, and the two struts are pushed into the three struts.
  • the connecting rod is locked by a locking mechanism and has a 3-section folding structure.
  • the locking mechanism is loosened, and one connecting rod is pushed into the two-section connecting rod, and two connecting rods are pushed into the three-section connecting rod.
  • the double reverse folding horizontal axis tidal current turbine has a set of impellers, connecting rods, knuckles and speed increasing gearboxes at both ends of the generator, and the generator and the speed increasing gearbox at both ends It is fixed on a common base.
  • the stern is mounted on the pillar by means of a thrust bearing.
  • the struts are fixed on the cement foundation of the seabed.
  • the blades, connecting rods and pillars of the impeller are folded.
  • the tidal energy turbine can reduce the volume of the whole device, facilitate transportation, avoid the disassembly and assembly between the various bridges of the rabbit, reduce the installation cost of the seabed to more than 50%, and extend the life of the turbine for 5 years. On.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram showing the structure and working state of a double reverse folding horizontal axis tidal energy turbine.
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a state diagram of a double reverse folding horizontal axis tidal energy turbine after being folded.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 show a double reverse folding transverse axis tidal energy turbine.
  • the turbine wheel 1 is connected to the generator 7 via the connecting rod 4, the knuckle 5 and the speed increasing gear box 6, and the tidal current turning blade 1 drives the generator 7 to generate electricity.
  • Each end of the generator 7 is provided with a set of impeller 1, a connecting rod 4, a knuckle 5 ⁇ speed increasing gear box 6, a generator 7 and a speed increasing gear box 6 at both ends fixed on a common base 10 ⁇ pedestal 10
  • a protective cover 8 is disposed thereon, and a shaft seal 9 of the input shaft of the speed increasing gear box 6 is disposed at each end of the protective cover 8.
  • the base 10 is mounted on the strut 12 by means of a thrust bearing 11, and the strut 12 is fixed to the cement foundation 14 of the seabed by the anchor bolt 14a.
  • the impeller 1 employs four blades la uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, and the root of each blade la is provided with a blade folding pin 2.
  • the struts 12 are folded by a locking mechanism 3 and have a three-section folding structure.
  • the locking mechanism 3 is loosened, and one struts 12a are pushed into the two struts 12b, and the two struts 12b are pushed into the three struts 12c.
  • the connecting rod 4 is folded by a locking mechanism 3 and has a three-section folding structure.
  • the locking mechanism 3 is loosened, and one connecting rod 4a is pushed into the two-section connecting rod 4b, and the two-section connecting rod 4b is pushed into three sections. In the connecting rod 4c.
  • Figure 2 shows a structural view of the base mounted on the struts.
  • the thrust bearing 11 is disposed in the base 10, and the upper bearing plate of the thrust bearing 11 is fixedly coupled with the base 10, and the lower bearing plate is fixedly connected with the head of the one strut 12a of the strut 12, and is disposed.
  • Fig. 3 is a view showing a state in which a double reverse folding horizontal axis tidal energy turbine is folded.
  • the tidal energy turbine first folds the blade la, the connecting rod 4 and the strut 12 are contracted to the shortest before transporting, and then the connecting rod blade assembly is folded downward at a 90 degree angle at the knuckle 5, and then packaged for transportation. This can effectively prevent the impeller assembly from colliding and damaging during transportation. After the transportation is completed, the seabed is fixedly installed. Finally, the strut 12 and the connecting rod 4 are stretched outward, and the vane la is stretched.
  • the above technical solution utilizes a double reverse folding horizontal-axis tidal energy turbine, which reduces underwater construction time, improves the installation quality of underwater construction, and reduces transportation and installation costs.
  • the technical threshold of the construction workers is lowered, and only ordinary workers need to be trained to work.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oceanography (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Description

双反向折叠式横轴潮流能水轮机
技术领域 本发明涉及一种双反向折叠式横轴潮流能水轮机，其属于利用潮流能发电 的技术领域。
背景技术 海洋能作为一种清洁、 可再生的能源， 不仅资源丰富， 而且对环境的影响 甚微。 当前， 全球可再生的海洋说能资源， 理论总量达 766000 GW， 开发前景非 常可观。 我国拥有绵长的海岸线和广阔的海域面积， 海洋能储量丰富， 可开发 的海洋能资源包括： 潮流能、 潮汐能和波浪能等， 其中， 潮流能理论平均功率 为 13940 MW。 潮流能由于可预测性强， 在稳定提供电力方面比波浪能有更大的 书
优势， 同吋与潮汐能的利用相比， 潮流能并不需要很大范围的改变自然环境， 因此成为当前的海洋能焦点。 我国的潮流能资源丰富， 全国共 130个水道， ;在 舟山群岛各岛之间的水道是我国潮流最大的海域， 如西堠门水道、 册子水道、 金塘水道、 秀山水道、 龟山水道等， 潮流速度可达 4. 0 m/s; 自江苏斗龙港向 南， 经长江口、 浙江、 福建沿海潮流也有 1. 5-3. 0 m/s; 渤海海峡北侧老铁山 水道达 3. 0 m/s; 琼州海峡 2. 0-2. 5 m/s; 黄海沿岸的斋堂岛水道 2. 0 m/s 现有的潮流能发电装置高昂的运输与安装成本占总成本的 30%， 成为阻碍 潮流能发电的最大障碍。 目前国内外尚未有发电装置利用伸缩和折叠方式， 降 低潮流能水轮机运输与安装成本。浙江大学提出实用新型专利《一种伸缩浆海 流能发电装置》 （申请号： 200620105769. Q ) 和发明专利 《伸缩浆海流能发电 装置》 （申请号： 200610052522. 1 ) 利用伸缩结构减小来流对水轮机冲击的阻 力， 着重于提高性能。 ： 哈尔滨工程大学的发明专利《用于潮流能转换的直叶式自适应变螺距水轮 机》 （申请号 2003106918. 5 ) 利用弹黉机构代膂摆线式达到自动调整螺距的 功能， 提 if性能价格比。 中国海洋大学 《自适应柔性叶片转子》.（申请号： 200710181399. 8) 和 《柔性叶片转子支撑装置》 (申请号: 200810249880. 0) 通过使用柔性叶片转子， 产生比刚性叶片更大的转矩， 提高水轮机换能效率.。 天津大学的 《自调节海流能发电装置》（申请号： 200610129897. 3 )利用感应 器对海流的大小和方向自动调 |]角度和深度，优化两个横轴水轮机的性 能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种双反向折叠式横轴潮流能水轮机，它针对背景技 术中的运输与海底安装要消耗大量的人力和物力的不足，通过有效的折叠缩小 整个装置的体积， 方便运输， 避免各个部件之间的拆装减少海底安装成本。
本发 ^的技术方案是: 一种双反向折叠式横轴潮流能水轮机， 水轮机的叶 轮经连杆 转向节和增速齿轮箱连接到发电机， 潮流能转动叶轮驱动发电机发 电； 所述发电机两端各设有一套叶轮、 连杆、 转向节和增速齿轮箱， 发电机和 两端的增速齿轮箱固定在一个公共的基座上，基座借助推力轴承采用转动方式 安装在支柱上， 支柱固定在海床的水泥基础上； 所述叶轮采用周向均匀布置的
2〜6个叶片 （la), 每个叶片的根部设有叶片折叠销， 所述连杆和支柱采 j 锁 紧机构锁紧的具有 2〜5节的折叠式结构。 ¾ , 所述基座上设有保护盖，保护盖的两端各设有一个增速齿轮箱输入轴 6轴 封。
所述支柱采用锁紧机构锁紧的具有 3节的折叠式结构， 松开锁紧机构， 把 1节支柱推入 2节支柱中， 2节支柱推入 3节支柱中。
所述连杆采用锁紧机构锁紧的具有 3节的折叠式结构, 松开锁紧机构， 把 1节连杆推入 2节连杆中， 2节连杆推入 3节连杆中。
本发明的有益效果是：这种双反向折叠式横轴潮流熊水轮机的发电机两端 各设有一套叶轮、连杆、 转向节和增速齿轮箱， 发电机和两端的增速齿轮箱固 定在一个公共的基座上， 棊座借助推力轴承采用转动方式安装在支柱上， 支柱 固定在海床的水泥基础上； 叶轮的叶片、 连杆和支柱采用折叠式结构。 该潮流 能水轮机通过有效的折叠， 缩小了整个装置的体积， 方便运输， 避兔各个部桥 之间的拆装, 减少了海底安装成本至原来的 50%以上， 延长水轮机寿命 5年以 上。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
图 1是一种双反向折叠式横轴潮流能水轮机的结构和工作状态图。
图 2是图 1中的 A放大图。
图 3是一种双反向折叠式横轴潮流能水轮机经折叠后的状态图。
图中： 1、 叶轮， la、 叶片， 2、 叶片折叠销， 3、 锁紧机构， 4、 连杆， 4a、 1节连杆， 4b、 2节连杆， 4c、 3节连杆， 5、 转向节， 6、 增速齿轮箱， 7、 发电机， 8、 保护盖， 9、 轴封， 10、 基座， 11、 推力轴承， 12、 支柱, 12a、 1 节支柱， 12b、 2节支柱， 12c、 3节支柱， 13、 挡板， 14、 水泥基础， 14a、 地 脚螺栓， 15、 弹性卡环。
具体实施方式
图 1、 2示出了一种双反向折叠式横轴潮流能水轮机。 图中， 水轮机的叶 轮 1经连杆 4、 转向节 5和增速齿轮箱 6连接到发电机 7， 潮流能转动叶 1 驱动发电机 7发电。 发电机 7两端各设有一套叶轮 1、 连杆 4、 转向节 5 Λ增 速齿轮箱 6，发电机 7和两端的增速齿轮箱 6固定在一个公共的基座 10上 ^基 座 10上设有保护盖 8，保护盖 8的两端各设有一个增速齿轮箱 6输入轴的轴封 9。 基座 10借助推力轴承 11安装在支柱 12上， 支柱 12靠地脚螺栓 14a固定 在海床的水泥基础 14上。 叶轮 1采用周向均匀布置的 4个叶片 la， 每个叶片 la的根部设有叶片折叠销 2。 支柱 12采用锁紧机构 3锁紧的具有 3节的折叠 式结构， 松开锁紧机构 3， 把 1节支柱 12a推入 2节支柱 12b中， 2节支柱 12b 推入 3节支柱 12c中。 连杆 4采用锁紧机构 3锁紧的具有 3节的折叠式结构， 松开锁紧机构 3， 把 1节连杆 4a推入 2节连杆 4b中， 2节连杆 4b推入 3节连 杆 4c中。
图 2示出了基座安装在支柱上的结构图。 推力轴承 11设置在基座 10内， 推力轴承 11的上轴承板与基座 10为静配合固定连接， 下轴承板与支柱 12中 的 1节支柱 12a的头部为静配合固定连接， 并设置有防脱落的弹性卡环 15。因 此， 安装在基座 10上的两个水轮机组可以在支柱 12上作适当转动。 图 3示出了一种双反向折叠式横轴潮流能水轮机经折叠后的状态图。该潮 流能水轮机在运送前， 先将叶片 la折叠， 连杆 4和支柱 12收缩到最短， 再将 连杆叶片总成在转向节 5处向下折转 90度角， 然后包装运输。 这样能有效的 防止运输过程中叶轮总成出现碰撞损坏的情况。 运输完成后， 进行海底固定安 装。 最后把支柱 12和连杆 4向外拉伸， 再伸展叶片 la。
上述的技术方案利用双反向折叠式横轴潮流能水轮机，减少了水下施工时 间， 提高了水下施工的安装质量， 使运输与安装成本降低。 在人力方面降低了 施工人员的技术门槛， 只需要对普通工人进行简单 垮训即可工作。

Claims

1.一种双反向折叠式横轴潮流能水轮机， 水轮机的叶轮（1)经连杆（4)、 转向节 （5) 和增速齿轮箱 （6) 连接到发电机 （7)， 潮流能转动叶轮 （1) 驱 动发电机（7)发电； 其特征在于： 所述发电机（7)两端各设有一套叶轮（1)、 连杆 （4)、 转向节（5) 和增速齿轮箱 （6), 发电机（7)和两端的增速齿轮箱
(6) 固定在一个公共的基座 （10) 上， 基座 （10) 借助推力轴承 (11) 采用 转动方式安装在支柱 （12) 上权， 支柱 （12) 固定在海床的水泥基础 （14) 上； 所述叶轮 （1) 采用周向均匀布置的 2〜6个叶片 （la)， 每个叶片 （la) 的根 部设有叶 t折叠销 （2)， 所述连杆 （4) 和支柱 （12) 采用锁紧机构 （3) 锁紧 的具有 2〜5节的折叠式结构。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的双反向折叠式横轴潮流能水轮机， 其特征在于： 书
所述基座 （10) 上设有保护盖 （8)， 保护盖 （8) 的两端各设有一个增速齿轮 箱 （6) 输入轴的轴封 （9)。
3.根据权利要求 1所述的双反向折叠式横轴潮練能水轮机， 其特征在于： 所述支柱 （12) 采用锁紧机构 （3) 锁紧的具有 3节的折叠式结构， 松开锁紧 机构（3)， 把 1节支柱（12a)推入 2节支柱（12b) 中， 2节支柱（12b)推入 3节支柱 （12c) 中。
4.根据权利要求 1所述的双反向折叠式横轴潮流能水轮 ^1， 其特征在于： 所述连杆（4)采用锁紧机构 （3)锁紧的具有 3节 折叠式结构， 松开锁紧机 构 （3)， 把 1节连杆 （4a) 推入 2节连杆 （4b) 1, 2节连杆 （41D) 推入 3节 连杆 （4c) 中。
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