WO2012014168A1 - Ergonomic tool for cutting flowers and fruit - Google Patents

Ergonomic tool for cutting flowers and fruit Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2012014168A1
WO2012014168A1 PCT/IB2011/053350 IB2011053350W WO2012014168A1 WO 2012014168 A1 WO2012014168 A1 WO 2012014168A1 IB 2011053350 W IB2011053350 W IB 2011053350W WO 2012014168 A1 WO2012014168 A1 WO 2012014168A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tool
cutting
cutting tool
hole
handle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2011/053350
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jorge Enrique Cordoba Sanchez
Javier Mauricio Fajardo Romero
Leonardo Augusto Quintana
Alvaro Enrique Hilarion
Original Assignee
Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pontificia Universidad Javeriana filed Critical Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
Publication of WO2012014168A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012014168A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G3/00—Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes; Delimbing standing trees
    • A01G3/02—Secateurs; Flower or fruit shears

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to an ergonomically designed tool for intensive cutting of flowers or fruits, which is based on a new concept in which the cutting elements are in the horizontal plane of the tool, while the handles, which allow holding the tool, they are in the vertical plane, that is, they are arranged at an angle of 80 ° to 120 °, preferably at an angle of 1 10 Q , in relation to the cutting elements of the tool and said handles (6 , 7) are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the tool one after the other, so that during operation the movement is carried out in the direction of the longitudinal axis.
  • Cutting tools of the shear type or manual scissors are used for the progressive cutting of a material.
  • Manual scissors work with a cross lever and necessarily require human strength to hold and operate them; They are used in different areas of human activity, among which gardening and harvesting in crops of flowers or fruits.
  • These cutting mechanisms are known as bypass and usually consist of a 23 ° sharp steel blade and a counter blade, also in steel, called anvil, which provides support to the stem while it is sheared. This system produces a net bevel cut that is used to perform any type of pruning, from training to maintenance and fruiting.
  • the existing tools in the state of the art are not the most appropriate for performing tasks in intensive crops such as flowers or fruits, because they cause muscular tension, inadequate postures, contact pressure and other risks to the health of workers, which can lead to damage, such as injuries to the hand, wrist and arm (such as tendonitis or Syndrome of Carpal Tunnel - STC -), in turn compromising muscles, nerves, tendons, ligaments, joints, cartilage and blood vessels in the upper extremities.
  • the repetition of movements that leads to fatigue of small muscles an effect that worsens with the forced use of gloves, requiring the worker an additional effort, which increases the danger of injury.
  • the position adopted by the hand-wrist assembly produces cubital and radial deviations, which, with the passage of time and the repetitiveness demanded by the activity, are harmful to the limb.
  • a cutting clamp device for a hand consisting of a first handle carrying a cutting blade and a second handle carrying a counter blade or a second cutting blade
  • the two handles being joined by an axis , in order to allow a scissors effect cut, and comprising a spacing spring, characterized in that at least one of the two handles is longer than the other handle, the length of the handle being longer than the user being such You can easily support the available length with the palm of your second hand beyond the length already used by the fingers of the first hand.
  • the cutting clamp device further comprises friction force adjustment means, clamp locking means in closed position, stop means in closed position, stop means in open position and / or protection means of mangoes.
  • the GB996685 application shows pruning devices and the like which comprise a handle composed of two handles, the first of which is used to support the first, second, third and fourth of the fingers, said handle is relatively movable with respect to the user's arm, while the second handle, on which the thumb goes, is fixedly arranged with respect to the user's arm.
  • the movable handle is arranged in such a way that it can rotate around the longitudinal axis of the user's arm so that the movable handle extends to such an inclination of the longitudinal axis associated with the user's arm, that the two longitudinal axes form with acute angle whose vertex is located in the vicinity of the support area for the index finger, the longitudinal axis of the movable handle in the vicinity of the outer end that is located closer to the fixed handle than the longitudinal axis of the user's arm, when the mower is in its closed position, in such a way that all the phalanges of the first, second, third and fourth of the fingers rest at least, with approximately all of their internal surface against the movable handle when the mower is open or closed.
  • US document US5469625 teaches a manual pruning scissor that provides maximum force on the blades when the handles are closed halfway with a constant force applied and has an ergonomic configuration of the operating handle, which bends at the operating end to allow a better visualization of the cutting blades, as well as reducing the fatigue of the carpal tunnel in the arm of the operator
  • the pruning shears reported in this document comprise a first handle that has a first pivot section and a handle section, where the handle has a maximum pivot movement of 30 ° with respect to the second handle.
  • a second handle having a second pivot section and a handle section a first pin that pivotally connects said first pivot section with the second pivot section, a hook having an end pivotally connected to the second handle section, a bolt pivotally connected to said end of the hook with the second handle section, a stationary cutting blade mounted on the second handle section and having one end secured to said bolt and the other end located in the travel path of the hook and a pair of links connecting the hook with the first pivot section, whereby the pivotal movement of the first handle with respect to the second handle pulls the hook towards engagement with the stationary blade.
  • the secateurs include an anvil-type element mounted on the hook in the travel path of the blade
  • the US application US2005252353 shows a handle comprising a positionable handle, at least one fixing element and an attachment element to a tool arranged at the end of the handle, where the fixing element is connected to the upper part of the handle of such so that the distance between the handle and the fixing element is adjustable to allow a firm gear of the object and avoid the fall or loss of the tool during use.
  • the tool attachment element can be permanently or replaceably adapted and is made of a deformable material.
  • the positionable handle has an elongated hole and a bolt that extends along the hole that joins and guides the fastener by the movement of the pin along the hole.
  • the shear includes the complementary levers, a pivotal fixing point and a spring-type retractable element.
  • the user can take the handle with four of his fingers and manipulate the operating lever with his thumb to perform the cutting operation quickly and accurately.
  • the spring returns the blades to their initial partial position.
  • the handle may include a knob for adjusting the distance between the adjustable handle and the fastener.
  • the Spanish application ES279948 corresponds to a manual tool for cutting and harvesting agricultural products from leathery stems, especially fruits, such as grapes, which comprises a handle constituted by two articulated arms relative to each other around a pivot axis.
  • the arms are curved and have at their ends a peak, which carries the cutting elements of the tool, where the axis of the peak forms an angle between 60 Q and 150 Q with the axis of the handle.
  • These organs are composed of a removable blade fixed to the peak by two pins and a flange that serves as a support piece for the cutting blade.
  • the beak has a bent profile and the flange has a flat, relatively wide surface, which opposes the inner surface of the beak that bears the leaf, forming a jaw arranged to grab the fruit stem afterwards. of his court.
  • the tool is characterized in that one of the arms of the handle is provided with a spring to rest on the other arm, in order to keep the two peaks in an open position and where at least the grip surface of the lower beak is serrated.
  • This tool ensures that regardless of the diameter of the stem of the fruit to be cut, provided that the stem is inserted at the bottom of the opening of the tool, the grip surfaces of the two peaks come into function to grab the stem and retain the fruit, before the leaf has finished sectioning the stem completely, additionally being limited the angle of opening of the peaks the operator does not have to make effort to limit the separation of the arms of the handle, since only the Spring resistance during the cutting phase, thus reducing fatigue.
  • Figure 1 shows the perspective view of the tool of the invention, ergonomically designed for intensive cutting of flowers or fruits.
  • Figure 2 shows the exploded view of the cutting tool shown from the top of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 shows the exploded view of the cutting tool shown from the bottom of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 shows the top view of the tool of the invention in the open position.
  • Figure 5 shows the top view of the tool of the invention in the closed position.
  • Figure 6 shows the bottom view of the tool of the invention open position.
  • Figure 7 shows the side view of the tool of the invention.
  • the object of the invention is related to an ergonomically designed tool for intensive cutting of flowers or fruits, which has a configuration that allows full-hand gripping, in which the handles have a perpendicular position or close to perpendicularity with respect to the cutting blades, which minimizes the risks of generating upper limb injuries; said handles are located in the longitudinal plane of the tool one behind the other.
  • the cutting tool (1) ergonomically designed for intensive cutting of flowers or fruits has a configuration in which the cutting elements are in the horizontal plane of the tool, while the handles, which allow the tool to be held, are in the vertical plane, that is, they are arranged at an angle of 80 ° to 120 °, preferably at an angle of 1 10 Q , relative to the central axis of the tool.
  • the tool handles are not arranged on the side and side of the longitudinal axis thereof, as is commonly the case in the cutting elements, but rather, said handles are aligned with the longitudinal axis, one being located in the central part of the tool and the other, behind, on the back of it.
  • the spring that allows operation by opening and closing the cutting elements is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tool.
  • This tool (1) is basically constituted by: two or more support elements (2, 3) that support the cutting elements (4) or anvil (5), the cutting element (4) is of the knife type and is actuated horizontally to move and collide with the anvil element (5), a rotating handle element (6) that allows a rotational movement and which, when actuated, slides horizontally towards the fixed handle element (7), the which presents a projection in the horizontal plane (71).
  • Said rotating handle element (6) allows a rotational movement on its own axis through a pin element (8), in which the support element (2) is projected from the bottom, which facilitates handling and transmission adequate force of the user's hand to the cutting blade (4), generating a maximum contact area between the cutting tool (1) and the user's hand and decreasing pressure in specific areas of the hand; a bolt system (9) modified so that the pin element (8) replaces the original pin screw, so that said pin element (8) is introduced through the hole (24) of the support element (2), passes through the hole ( 41), then through hole 51, followed by hole (31) and finally, it is screwed into the bolt system (9), allowing to fasten all the previous elements, and a spring or spring (10) arranged longitudinally to the tool (1) and attached to the inner side walls of the support element (2) and the fixed handle (7), to allow joining or separating the fixed (7) and rotary (6) type handles, thereby opening and close the tool (1).
  • a spring or spring (10) arranged longitudinally to the tool (1) and attached to the inner
  • the tool (1) ergonomically designed for intensive cutting of flowers or fruits comprises: a support element (2) attached to the fixed handle (7) at one of its ends (21) by means of a pin (14) that crosses the hole 22 and the hole (72) of the projection (71) of the fixed handle (7) and at the opposite end presents a projection (23) on which the cutting element (4) is fixed, which is secured by the bolt system (9) that passes through the hole (24) of the support element (2) and the hole (41) of the blade (4).
  • Pin 9 secures the pin element (8), so that the cutting element (4) rotates around pin element (8) moving in the horizontal plane until it hits the anvil type element (5), making the cut and allowing the adjustment of the blade ( 4) and the anvil (5).
  • the mentioned support (3) like the support (2), has a projection (32) to which the anvil (5) is fixed, which improves the durability of the tool and reduces the possibility that the cutting elements (4, 5) of the tool become out of adjustment.
  • the support (3) has a projection (33) with a hole (34) through which the support (3) is connected by a pin (15) to the hole (161) of a link (16) and this in turn is articulated at the opposite end with the fixed handle (7) by means of a pin (17) that crosses the hole (162) of the link (16) and the hole 73 of the fixed handle ( 7).
  • the support elements (2, 3), the bolt (9) and the blades of the cutting element (4) and the anvil (5) are produced in metal, metal alloys, polymers or ceramic materials.
  • Another essential element of the tool of the invention is the rotary handle (6) which allows a rotational movement on its own axis through the pin (8), which facilitates the manipulation and proper transmission of the force of the hand, of the user to the cutting blade (4), decreasing the pressure in specific areas of the hand.
  • Said rotating handle (6) comprises a perforation (61), preferably covered by a low friction coefficient material, which facilitates the rotation of the handle on the pin (8) projected from the center of the lower surface of the support element (2).
  • the rotary handle (6) and the lower surface of the support element (2) have a pair of stops (62, 25), which when crashing limit the circular movement of said handle (6) on its own axis Up to a certain point.
  • the handles (6, 7) of the invention are made of a material selected from the group comprising polymers, ceramic materials, metals, metal alloys and could even be produced in metal and coated by polymers, thereby achieving greater durability of the tool while improving its grip.
  • the pieces can be hollow or have perforations in order to reduce the weight of the tool.
  • said handles have a series of concave and convex shapes (63, 74) that allow the coupling of the fingers and hand in the indicated places for a better grip of the tool (1)
  • rotary (6) and fixed (7) handles allow cutting plant stems keeping the user's wrist aligned with his forearm, thanks to the fact that said handles are arranged at an angle whose amplitude ranges between 80 ° and 130 °, preferably 1 10 °, relative to the central axis of the tool (1).
  • the cutting tool (1) includes a safety element (1 1) that joins by means of a fixing element (12) to the upper surface of the support element (2), being movable on it, so that at turning in the direction of the cutting elements fits into a notch (92) existing in the blade (91) of the bolt (9), keeping the mechanism closed when the tool is not being used.
  • this lock (1 1) can comprise an outstanding structure (13), which facilitates the movement of the lock (1 1) to move from the closed tool position to open tool and vice versa.
  • the tool comprises a spring element (10) which is inserted under pressure in a pair of projections (26, 75) arranged on the inner side walls of the support element (2) and the fixed handle (7) of the tool .
  • the cutting element (4) and the anvil (5) are subject to their respective support elements (2, 3) by means of fasteners selected from the group comprising rivets, pins, screws, adhesives, welds, etc.
  • the tool (1) in which the bolt (9) comprises a sheet (91) with a notch (92) in which the lock (1 1) fits, a cogwheel (93) , whose teeth are coupled with the teeth of a serrated blade (94).
  • This toothed mechanism (93-94) allows the adjustment of the cutting elements, and also acts as a brake to avoid the mismatch with the use of the cutting elements (4,5) of the tool.
  • the spring (10) is made of a metallic material, metallic alloy or polymer that recovers the coefficient of stiffness of the material.
  • the spring (10) can be made from a sheet or wire with a circular profile, with regular and irregular polygon shapes.
  • the cutting tool of the present application guarantees that the wrist extension flexion does not exceed 20 Q , prevents the radial deviation from being greater than 20 Q.
  • the force required to drive said cutting element (4) and the anvil element (5) decreases so that the maximum pressure for cutting is 10 N.
  • the tool drive system of the present invention works when the rotary handle (6) is operated by manually approaching the fixed handle (7) in a longitudinal position, transmitting the force to the cutting elements, blade (4) and the anvil element (5) in a transverse way allowing alignment of the wrist hand assembly, operator arm of the present invention.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Scissors And Nippers (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an ergonomically designed tool for the intensive cutting of flowers or fruit, the structure of which enables it to be gripped with the fist, in which the handles are perpendicular or almost perpendicular to the cutting blades, minimizing the risk of injury at the upper ends; said handles lie in the longitudinal plane of the tool, one behind the other.

Description

HERRAMIENTA ERGONOMICA PARA EL CORTE DE FLORES Y FRUTOS  ERGONOMIC TOOL FOR CUTTING FLOWERS AND FRUITS
CAMPO DE LA INVENCIÓN FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención está relacionada con una herramienta diseñada ergonómicamente para el corte intensivo de flores o frutos, la cual se basa en un nuevo concepto en el que los elementos de corte se encuentran en el plano horizontal de la herramienta, mientras los mangos, que permiten sostener la herramienta, están en el plano vertical, es decir, se encuentran dispuestos en un ángulo de 80° a 120°, preferiblemente en un ángulo de 1 10Q, en relación a los elementos de corte de la herramienta y dichos mangos (6, 7) están alineados con el eje longitudinal de la herramienta uno tras otro, de manera que durante el funcionamiento el movimiento se realiza en la dirección del eje longitudinal. The present invention is related to an ergonomically designed tool for intensive cutting of flowers or fruits, which is based on a new concept in which the cutting elements are in the horizontal plane of the tool, while the handles, which allow holding the tool, they are in the vertical plane, that is, they are arranged at an angle of 80 ° to 120 °, preferably at an angle of 1 10 Q , in relation to the cutting elements of the tool and said handles (6 , 7) are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the tool one after the other, so that during operation the movement is carried out in the direction of the longitudinal axis.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN Las herramientas de corte del tipo cizalla o tijera manual son utilizadas para el corte progresivo de un material. Las tijeras manuales funcionan con una palanca en cruz y requieren necesariamente de la fuerza humana para sostenerlas y accionarlas; ellas son utilizadas en diferentes ámbitos de la actividad humana, entre los que se destaca la jardinería y la cosecha en cultivos de flores o frutos. Estos mecanismos de corte se conocen como by- pass y por lo general, constan de una hoja de acero afilada a 23° y una contra hoja, también en acero, llamada yunque, la cual brinda apoyo al tallo mientras es cizallado. Este sistema produce un corte neto en bisel que es utilizado para realizar cualquier tipo de poda, desde formación hasta mantenimiento y fructificación. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Cutting tools of the shear type or manual scissors are used for the progressive cutting of a material. Manual scissors work with a cross lever and necessarily require human strength to hold and operate them; They are used in different areas of human activity, among which gardening and harvesting in crops of flowers or fruits. These cutting mechanisms are known as bypass and usually consist of a 23 ° sharp steel blade and a counter blade, also in steel, called anvil, which provides support to the stem while it is sheared. This system produces a net bevel cut that is used to perform any type of pruning, from training to maintenance and fruiting.
Sin embargo, las herramientas existentes en el estado de la técnica no son las más apropiadas para realizar las tareas en cultivos intensivos como las flores o frutos, debido a que causan tensión muscular, posturas inadecuadas, presión por contacto y otros riesgos para la salud de los trabajadores, los que pueden derivar en daños, como lesiones en la mano, la muñeca y el brazo (tales como tendinitis o Síndrome de Túnel Carpiano - STC -), comprometiendo a su vez músculos, nervios, tendones, ligamentos, articulaciones, cartílagos y vasos sanguíneos en las extremidades superiores. A lo anterior se suma, la repetición de movimientos que conduce a la fatiga de los músculos pequeños, efecto que empeora con el uso obligado de guantes, exigiéndole al trabajador un esfuerzo adicional, lo que incrementa el peligro que se produzcan lesiones. However, the existing tools in the state of the art are not the most appropriate for performing tasks in intensive crops such as flowers or fruits, because they cause muscular tension, inadequate postures, contact pressure and other risks to the health of workers, which can lead to damage, such as injuries to the hand, wrist and arm (such as tendonitis or Syndrome of Carpal Tunnel - STC -), in turn compromising muscles, nerves, tendons, ligaments, joints, cartilage and blood vessels in the upper extremities. To the above is added, the repetition of movements that leads to fatigue of small muscles, an effect that worsens with the forced use of gloves, requiring the worker an additional effort, which increases the danger of injury.
La mayoría de los cultivos de flores ubicados en Latinoamérica emplean tijeras importadas marca (Felco® y Bahco®), las cuales fueron diseñadas para personas de medidas antropométricas diferentes a las de esta población y no fueron concebidas, específicamente para la labor de corte de tallo de flores. Estas circunstancias generan un sobre esfuerzo del trabajador al momento de sujetarlas y accionarlas. Most of the flower crops located in Latin America use imported brand scissors (Felco® and Bahco®), which were designed for people of anthropometric measurements different from those of this population and were not conceived, specifically for the work of stem cutting of flowers. These circumstances generate an overwork of the worker at the time of holding and operating them.
Sumado a lo anterior, la posición que adopta el conjunto mano-muñeca, produce desviaciones cubitales y radiales, que con el paso del tiempo y la repetitividad que demanda la actividad, resultan perjudiciales para la extremidad. In addition to the above, the position adopted by the hand-wrist assembly produces cubital and radial deviations, which, with the passage of time and the repetitiveness demanded by the activity, are harmful to the limb.
En procura de evitar o disminuir estos efectos negativos, en los últimos años se han desarrollado numerosos diseños en el campo de las herramientas manuales que permitan satisfacer las necesidades del usuario final. Entre ellos se encuentra la invención divulgada en la patente EP0529566, que presenta unas tijeras de tipo jardinero con un mango superior provisto de contracuchilla, un mango inferior provisto de una hoja de cuchilla y con una articulación de tijera, que presenta dos secciones articuladas en forma de discos anulares en superposición, las cuales están unidas a la hoja de cuchilla y a la contracuchilla, un manguito roscado con tornillo articulado enroscado, medios para la absorción de la carga radial y medios independientes de estos para la absorción de la carga axial, caracterizadas por el hecho de que, en la parte superior de las tijeras, fuera de la zona de corte de la hoja de cuchilla y de la contracuchilla, en la periferia de las secciones articuladas en forma de disco anular del mango superior y del mango inferior, van ubicadas sendas entalladuras o hendiduras que se pueden hacer coincidir y funcionan como cortaalambres. In order to avoid or reduce these negative effects, in recent years numerous designs have been developed in the field of hand tools that allow to meet the needs of the end user. Among them is the invention disclosed in the patent EP0529566, which presents gardener-type scissors with an upper handle provided with a counter knife, a lower handle provided with a knife blade and with a scissor joint, which has two sections articulated in shape of overlapping annular discs, which are attached to the knife blade and to the counter knife, a threaded sleeve with screwed articulated screw, means for the absorption of the radial load and independent means of these for the absorption of the axial load, characterized by the fact that, in the upper part of the scissors, outside the cutting area of the blade and the counter knife, on the periphery of the articulated sections in the form of an annular disk of the upper handle and lower handle, are located notches or grooves that can be matched and function as wire cutters.
En el documento EP 0704150, se revela un dispositivo de pinza cortante para una mano constituido por un primer mango que lleva una hoja de corte y un segundo mango que lleva una contrahoja o una segunda hoja de corte, estando unidos los dos mangos por un eje, con el fin de permitir un corte por efecto de tijera, y que comprende un resorte de distanciamiento, caracterizada porque al menos uno de los dos mangos es más largo que el otro mango, siendo tal la sobre longitud del mango más largo que el usuario puede apoyar fácilmente con la palma de su segunda mano sobre la longitud disponible más allá de la longitud ya utilizada por los dedos de la primera mano. El dispositivo de pinza cortante comprende además unos medios de reglaje de la fuerza de fricción, unos medios de bloqueo de la pinza en posición cerrada, unos medios de tope en posición cerrada, unos medios de tope en posición abierta y/o unos medios de protección de los mangos. In EP 0704150, a cutting clamp device for a hand consisting of a first handle carrying a cutting blade and a second handle carrying a counter blade or a second cutting blade is disclosed, the two handles being joined by an axis , in order to allow a scissors effect cut, and comprising a spacing spring, characterized in that at least one of the two handles is longer than the other handle, the length of the handle being longer than the user being such You can easily support the available length with the palm of your second hand beyond the length already used by the fingers of the first hand. The cutting clamp device further comprises friction force adjustment means, clamp locking means in closed position, stop means in closed position, stop means in open position and / or protection means of mangoes.
Por su parte, la solicitud GB996685 muestra dispositivos podadores y similares los cuales comprenden un mango compuesto por dos empuñaduras, la primera de las cuales es empleada para apoyar el primer, segundo, tercero y cuarto de los dedos de las manos, dicha empuñadura es relativamente movible respecto del brazo del usuario, mientras que la segunda empuñadura, sobre la cual va el dedo pulgar, está dispuesta de manera fija respecto del brazo del usuario. Así las cosas, la empuñadura movible se encuentra dispuesta de tal manera que puede rotar alrededor del eje longitudinal del brazo del usuario de forma que la empuñadura movible se extiende a tal inclinación del eje longitudinal asociado al brazo del usuario, que los dos ejes longitudinales forman con ángulo agudo cuyo vértice se encuentra situado en las inmediaciones de la zona de apoyo para el dedo índice, el eje longitudinal de la empuñadura movible en las inmediaciones del extremo exterior que se encuentra situado más cerca de la empuñadura fija que del eje longitudinal del brazo del usuario, cuando la podadora se encuentra en su posición cerrada, de tal manera que todas las falanges del primer, segundo, tercero y cuarto de los dedos se apoyan como mínimo, con aproximadamente la totalidad de su superficie interna contra la empuñadura movible cuando la podadora está abierta o cerrada. For its part, the GB996685 application shows pruning devices and the like which comprise a handle composed of two handles, the first of which is used to support the first, second, third and fourth of the fingers, said handle is relatively movable with respect to the user's arm, while the second handle, on which the thumb goes, is fixedly arranged with respect to the user's arm. Thus, the movable handle is arranged in such a way that it can rotate around the longitudinal axis of the user's arm so that the movable handle extends to such an inclination of the longitudinal axis associated with the user's arm, that the two longitudinal axes form with acute angle whose vertex is located in the vicinity of the support area for the index finger, the longitudinal axis of the movable handle in the vicinity of the outer end that is located closer to the fixed handle than the longitudinal axis of the user's arm, when the mower is in its closed position, in such a way that all the phalanges of the first, second, third and fourth of the fingers rest at least, with approximately all of their internal surface against the movable handle when the mower is open or closed.
El documento norteamericano US5469625 enseña una tijera podadora manual que proporciona una fuerza máxima sobre las cuchillas cuando los mangos se cierran a medio camino con una fuerza constante aplicada y tiene una configuración ergonómica del mango de operación, que se dobla en el extremo de operación para permitir una mejor visualización de las cuchillas de corte, así como reducir la fatiga del túnel del carpo en el brazo del operario. La tijera podadora reportada en este documento comprende un primer mango que tiene una primera sección de pivote y una sección de mango, donde el mango presenta un movimiento de pivote máximo de 30° respecto al segundo mango. Un segundo mango que tiene una segunda sección de pivote y una sección de mango un primer pasador que conecta pivotalmente dicha primera sección de pivote con la segunda sección de pivote, un gancho que tienen un extremo pivotalmente conectado a la segunda sección de mango, un perno pivotalmente conectado a dicho extremo del gancho con la segunda sección de mango, una cuchilla de corte estacionaria montada en la segunda sección de mango y que tiene un extremo asegurado a dicho perno y el otro extremo ubicado en la trayectoria de viaje del gancho y un par de enlaces que conectan el gancho con la primera sección de pivote, por lo que el movimiento pivotal del primer mango con respecto al segundo mango hala el gancho hacia acoplamiento con la cuchilla estacionaria. En una modalidad de la invención, la tijera podadora incluye un elemento tipo yunque montado sobre el gancho en la trayectoria de viaje de la cuchilla La solicitud norteamericana US2005252353 muestra una empuñadura que comprende una empuñadura posicionable, al menos un elemento de fijación y un elemento de unión a una herramienta dispuesto al final de la empuñadura, donde el elemento de fijación es conectado a la parte superior de la empuñadura de tal manera que la distancia entre la empuñadura y el elemento de fijación es ajustable para permitir un engranaje firme del objeto y evitar la caída o perdida de la herramienta durante su uso. El elemento de unión a la herramienta puede ser adaptado de forma permanente o reemplazable y es elaborado en un material deformable. La empuñadura posicionable presenta una perforación elongada y un perno que se extiende a lo largo de la perforación que une y guía el elemento de fijación por el movimiento del pin a lo largo de la perforación. La cizalla incluye las palancas complementarias, un punto de fijación pivotal y un elemento retráctil tipo resorte. Durante el accionamiento, el usuario puede tomar la empuñadura con cuatro de sus dedos y manipular la palanca de operación con su dedo pulgar para realizar la operación de corte de forma rápida y con exactitud. A su vez, el resorte devuelve las cuchillas a su posición parcial inicial. En una alternativa de esa invención, la empuñadura puede incluir una perilla para ajustar la distancia entre la empuñadura ajustable y el elemento de fijación. US document US5469625 teaches a manual pruning scissor that provides maximum force on the blades when the handles are closed halfway with a constant force applied and has an ergonomic configuration of the operating handle, which bends at the operating end to allow a better visualization of the cutting blades, as well as reducing the fatigue of the carpal tunnel in the arm of the operator The pruning shears reported in this document comprise a first handle that has a first pivot section and a handle section, where the handle has a maximum pivot movement of 30 ° with respect to the second handle. A second handle having a second pivot section and a handle section a first pin that pivotally connects said first pivot section with the second pivot section, a hook having an end pivotally connected to the second handle section, a bolt pivotally connected to said end of the hook with the second handle section, a stationary cutting blade mounted on the second handle section and having one end secured to said bolt and the other end located in the travel path of the hook and a pair of links connecting the hook with the first pivot section, whereby the pivotal movement of the first handle with respect to the second handle pulls the hook towards engagement with the stationary blade. In one embodiment of the invention, the secateurs include an anvil-type element mounted on the hook in the travel path of the blade The US application US2005252353 shows a handle comprising a positionable handle, at least one fixing element and an attachment element to a tool arranged at the end of the handle, where the fixing element is connected to the upper part of the handle of such so that the distance between the handle and the fixing element is adjustable to allow a firm gear of the object and avoid the fall or loss of the tool during use. The tool attachment element can be permanently or replaceably adapted and is made of a deformable material. The positionable handle has an elongated hole and a bolt that extends along the hole that joins and guides the fastener by the movement of the pin along the hole. The shear includes the complementary levers, a pivotal fixing point and a spring-type retractable element. During operation, the user can take the handle with four of his fingers and manipulate the operating lever with his thumb to perform the cutting operation quickly and accurately. In turn, the spring returns the blades to their initial partial position. In an alternative of that invention, the handle may include a knob for adjusting the distance between the adjustable handle and the fastener.
Finalmente, la solicitud española ES279948 corresponde a una herramienta manual para cortar y cosechar productos agrícolas de tallos coriáceos, especialmente frutas, tales como uvas, que comprende una empuñadura constituida por dos brazos articulados uno respecto al otro alrededor de un eje de pivotamiento. Los brazos están curvados y presentan en sus extremos un pico, que lleva los órganos de corte de la herramienta, donde el eje del pico forma con el eje de la empuñadura un ángulo comprendido entre 60Q y 150Q. Dichos órganos están compuestos por una hoja desmontable fijada al pico por dos pasadores y por un reborde que sirve de pieza de apoyo a la hoja cortante. El pico presenta un perfil acodado y el reborde presenta una superficie plana, relativamente ancha, que se opone a la superficie interior del pico que lleva la hoja, formando una mordaza dispuesta para agarrar el tallo del fruto después de su corte. La herramienta se caracteriza porque uno de los brazos de la empuñadura está provisto de un resorte para apoyarse sobre el otro brazo, a fin de mantener los dos picos en posición abierta y en donde al menos la superficie de agarre del pico inferior es dentada. Esta herramienta asegura que independientemente del diámetro del tallo del fruto a cortar, a condición que el tallo se halla introducido en el fondo de la abertura de la herramienta, las superficies de agarre de los dos picos entran en función para asir el tallo y retener el fruto, antes de que la hoja haya terminado de seccionar totalmente el tallo, adicionalmente siendo limitado el ángulo de abertura de los picos el operario no tiene que hacer esfuerzo para limitar la separación de los brazos de la empuñadura, toda vez que solo debe vencer la resistencia del resorte durante la fase de corte, reduciendo así la fatiga. Finally, the Spanish application ES279948 corresponds to a manual tool for cutting and harvesting agricultural products from leathery stems, especially fruits, such as grapes, which comprises a handle constituted by two articulated arms relative to each other around a pivot axis. The arms are curved and have at their ends a peak, which carries the cutting elements of the tool, where the axis of the peak forms an angle between 60 Q and 150 Q with the axis of the handle. These organs are composed of a removable blade fixed to the peak by two pins and a flange that serves as a support piece for the cutting blade. The beak has a bent profile and the flange has a flat, relatively wide surface, which opposes the inner surface of the beak that bears the leaf, forming a jaw arranged to grab the fruit stem afterwards. of his court. The tool is characterized in that one of the arms of the handle is provided with a spring to rest on the other arm, in order to keep the two peaks in an open position and where at least the grip surface of the lower beak is serrated. This tool ensures that regardless of the diameter of the stem of the fruit to be cut, provided that the stem is inserted at the bottom of the opening of the tool, the grip surfaces of the two peaks come into function to grab the stem and retain the fruit, before the leaf has finished sectioning the stem completely, additionally being limited the angle of opening of the peaks the operator does not have to make effort to limit the separation of the arms of the handle, since only the Spring resistance during the cutting phase, thus reducing fatigue.
A pesar de la existencia de diferentes herramientas manuales en el mercado, se hace necesario el diseño de una herramienta para el corte de flores o frutos que permitiera una menor desviación entre la mano, la muñeca y el antebrazo, al tiempo que presente un resorte recuperador más suave y una menor apertura de los mangos de la tijera. Asimismo, se debían tener en cuenta parámetros tales como: peso de la herramienta, mangos anatómicos diseñados de acuerdo con la antropometría del sector de la fruticultura y floricultor latinoamericano, optimización de la longitud de hojas de corte, del ángulo entre las manijas, del nivel de las hojas y el mejoramiento de la posición del centro de gravedad de la herramienta en relación con la mano. Igualmente debían ser consideradas otras características con relación a la superficie y al agarre; como son la estructura de esta superficie y sus materiales, incluyendo el grado de fricción, la posibilidad de usar diferentes mangos, la fuerza mecánica requerida para su accionamiento, el nivel de transmisión de las fuerzas y la utilización de la herramienta con guantes, los cuales también incrementa la fuerza requerida para dicho accionamiento. BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS Despite the existence of different hand tools in the market, it is necessary to design a tool for cutting flowers or fruits that would allow a smaller deviation between the hand, wrist and forearm, while presenting a recovery spring softer and less opening of the scissor handles. Likewise, parameters such as: tool weight, anatomical handles designed according to the anthropometry of the Latin American fruit and flower growing sector, optimization of the length of cutting blades, the angle between the handles, the level should be taken into account. of the blades and the improvement of the position of the center of gravity of the tool in relation to the hand. Other characteristics should also be considered in relation to the surface and the grip; such as the structure of this surface and its materials, including the degree of friction, the possibility of using different handles, the mechanical force required for its operation, the level of transmission of the forces and the use of the tool with gloves, which it also increases the force required for said drive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
La figura 1 presenta la vista en perspectiva de la herramienta de la invención, diseñada ergonómicamente para el corte intensivo de flores o frutos. Figure 1 shows the perspective view of the tool of the invention, ergonomically designed for intensive cutting of flowers or fruits.
La figura 2 presenta el despiece de la herramienta de corte mostrada desde la parte superior de la figura 1 . Figure 2 shows the exploded view of the cutting tool shown from the top of Figure 1.
La figura 3 presenta el despiece de la herramienta de corte mostrada desde la parte inferior de la figura 1 . Figure 3 shows the exploded view of the cutting tool shown from the bottom of Figure 1.
La figura 4 muestra la vista superior de la herramienta de la invención en posición abierta. La figura 5 muestra la vista superior de la herramienta de la invención en posición cerrada. Figure 4 shows the top view of the tool of the invention in the open position. Figure 5 shows the top view of the tool of the invention in the closed position.
La figura 6 muestra la vista inferior de la herramienta de la invención posición abierta. Figure 6 shows the bottom view of the tool of the invention open position.
La figura 7 presenta la vista lateral de la herramienta de la invención. Figure 7 shows the side view of the tool of the invention.
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
El objeto de la invención está relacionado con una herramienta diseñada ergonómicamente para el corte intensivo de flores o frutos, que presenta una configuración que permite el agarre a mano llena, en la cual los mangos tienen una posición perpendicular o cercana a la perpendicularidad con respecto a las cuchillas de corte, lo que minimiza los riesgos de generar lesiones en las extremidades superiores; dichos mangos se ubican en el plano longitudinal de la herramienta uno detrás del otro. DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓN De forma general, la herramienta de corte (1 ) diseñada ergonómicamente para el corte intensivo de flores o frutos presenta una configuración en la cual los elementos de corte se encuentran en el plano horizontal de la herramienta, mientras los mangos, que permiten sostener la herramienta, están en el plano vertical, es decir, se encuentran dispuestos en un ángulo de 80° a 120°, preferiblemente en un ángulo de 1 10Q, en relación al eje central de la herramienta. The object of the invention is related to an ergonomically designed tool for intensive cutting of flowers or fruits, which has a configuration that allows full-hand gripping, in which the handles have a perpendicular position or close to perpendicularity with respect to the cutting blades, which minimizes the risks of generating upper limb injuries; said handles are located in the longitudinal plane of the tool one behind the other. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In general, the cutting tool (1) ergonomically designed for intensive cutting of flowers or fruits has a configuration in which the cutting elements are in the horizontal plane of the tool, while the handles, which allow the tool to be held, are in the vertical plane, that is, they are arranged at an angle of 80 ° to 120 °, preferably at an angle of 1 10 Q , relative to the central axis of the tool.
Además, los mangos de la herramienta no se encuentran dispuestos a lado y lado del eje longitudinal de la misma, como comúnmente ocurre en los elementos de corte, sino que dichos mangos están alineados con el eje longitudinal, ubicándose uno en la parte central de la herramienta y el otro, detrás, en la parte posterior de ella. Así mismo, el resorte que permite el funcionamiento mediante la apertura y cierre de los elementos de corte, se encuentra paralelo al eje longitudinal de la herramienta. In addition, the tool handles are not arranged on the side and side of the longitudinal axis thereof, as is commonly the case in the cutting elements, but rather, said handles are aligned with the longitudinal axis, one being located in the central part of the tool and the other, behind, on the back of it. Likewise, the spring that allows operation by opening and closing the cutting elements is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tool.
Esta herramienta (1 ) está constituida básicamente por: dos o más elementos de soporte (2, 3) que sustentan los elementos de corte (4) o yunque (5), el elemento de corte (4) es de tipo cuchilla y se acciona en forma horizontal para desplazarse y chocar contra el elemento de yunque (5), un elemento de mango rotativo (6) que permite un movimiento rotacional y que al ser accionado se desliza en dirección horizontal hacia el elemento de mango fijo (7), el cual presenta un proyección en el plano horizontal (71 ). Dicho elemento de mango rotativo (6) permite un movimiento rotacional sobre su propio eje a través de un elemento pasador (8), en cual se proyecta desde la parte inferior el elemento de soporte (2), lo que facilita la manipulación y la transmisión adecuada de la fuerza de la mano del usuario a la cuchilla de corte (4), generando un área máxima de contacto entre la herramienta de corte (1 ) y la mano del usuario y disminuyendo la presión en áreas puntuales de la mano; un sistema bulón (9) modificado para que el elemento pasador (8) reemplace al tornillo pasador original, de manera que dicho elemento pasador (8) se introduce por orificio (24) del elemento de soporte (2), pasa por el orificio (41 ), luego por orificio 51 , seguido por el orificio (31 ) y finalmente, se enrosca en el sistema bulón (9), permitiendo sujetar todos los elementos anteriores, y un resorte o muelle (10) dispuesto de forma longitudinal a la herramienta (1 ) y sujeto sobre las paredes laterales internas del elemento de soporte (2) y del mango fijo (7), para permitir unir o separar los mangos de tipo fijo (7) y rotativo (6), con lo cual se abre y cierra la herramienta (1 ). This tool (1) is basically constituted by: two or more support elements (2, 3) that support the cutting elements (4) or anvil (5), the cutting element (4) is of the knife type and is actuated horizontally to move and collide with the anvil element (5), a rotating handle element (6) that allows a rotational movement and which, when actuated, slides horizontally towards the fixed handle element (7), the which presents a projection in the horizontal plane (71). Said rotating handle element (6) allows a rotational movement on its own axis through a pin element (8), in which the support element (2) is projected from the bottom, which facilitates handling and transmission adequate force of the user's hand to the cutting blade (4), generating a maximum contact area between the cutting tool (1) and the user's hand and decreasing pressure in specific areas of the hand; a bolt system (9) modified so that the pin element (8) replaces the original pin screw, so that said pin element (8) is introduced through the hole (24) of the support element (2), passes through the hole ( 41), then through hole 51, followed by hole (31) and finally, it is screwed into the bolt system (9), allowing to fasten all the previous elements, and a spring or spring (10) arranged longitudinally to the tool (1) and attached to the inner side walls of the support element (2) and the fixed handle (7), to allow joining or separating the fixed (7) and rotary (6) type handles, thereby opening and close the tool (1).
Dentro de las diversas posibilidades de ensamblaje de la herramienta de corte de la presente invención, se presentan a continuación algunas modalidades preferentes. Sin embargo, queda entendido que las modificaciones y variaciones de la herramienta que conserven la configuración en que los elementos de corte se encuentran en el plano horizontal de la herramienta, mientras los mangos, que permiten sostener la herramienta, están en el plano vertical, es decir, se encuentran dispuestos en un ángulo de 80° a 120°, preferiblemente en un ángulo de 1 10Q en relación al eje central de la herramienta, y dichos mangos están alineados con el eje longitudinal, ubicándose uno de ellos en la parte central de la herramienta y el otro, detrás, en la parte posterior de ella, a partir de los elementos aquí establecidos, se entenderá dentro del alcance de la presente invención. En una primera modalidad de la invención, la herramienta (1 ) diseñada ergonómicamente para el corte intensivo de flores o frutos comprende: un elemento de soporte (2) unido al mango fijo (7) en uno de sus extremos (21 ) mediante un pasador (14) que atraviesa el orificio 22 y el orificio (72) de la proyección (71 ) del mango fijo (7) y en el extremo opuesto presenta una proyección (23) sobre la cual se fija el elemento de corte (4), que se asegura mediante el sistema bulón (9) que pasa a través del orificio (24) del elemento de soporte (2) y del orificio (41 ) de la cuchilla (4). El bulón 9 asegura el elemento pasador (8), de manera que el elemento de corte (4) gira alrededor elemento pasador (8) desplazándose en el plano horizontal hasta chocar contra el elemento tipo yunque (5), realizando el corte y permitiendo el ajuste de la cuchilla (4) y el yunque (5). Within the various assembly possibilities of the cutting tool of the present invention, some preferred embodiments are presented below. However, it is understood that the modifications and variations of the tool that preserve the configuration in which the cutting elements are in the horizontal plane of the tool, while the handles, which allow to hold the tool, are in the vertical plane, is that is, they are arranged at an angle of 80 ° to 120 °, preferably at an angle of 1 10 Q in relation to the central axis of the tool, and said handles are aligned with the longitudinal axis, one of them being located in the central part of the tool and the other, behind, on the back of it, from the elements set forth herein, will be understood within the scope of the present invention. In a first embodiment of the invention, the tool (1) ergonomically designed for intensive cutting of flowers or fruits comprises: a support element (2) attached to the fixed handle (7) at one of its ends (21) by means of a pin (14) that crosses the hole 22 and the hole (72) of the projection (71) of the fixed handle (7) and at the opposite end presents a projection (23) on which the cutting element (4) is fixed, which is secured by the bolt system (9) that passes through the hole (24) of the support element (2) and the hole (41) of the blade (4). Pin 9 secures the pin element (8), so that the cutting element (4) rotates around pin element (8) moving in the horizontal plane until it hits the anvil type element (5), making the cut and allowing the adjustment of the blade ( 4) and the anvil (5).
El mencionado soporte (3), al igual que el soporte (2), presenta una proyección (32) a la cual se fija el yunque (5), con lo que se mejora la durabilidad de la herramienta y se disminuye la posibilidad que los elementos cortantes (4, 5) de la herramienta se desajusten. En el extremo opuesto a la proyección (32), el soporte (3) posee una proyección (33) con un orificio (34) a través del cual el soporte (3) se une mediante un pasador (15) al orificio (161 ) de un eslabón (16) y éste a su vez se articula en el extremo contrario con el mango fijo (7) mediante un pasador (17) que atraviesa el orificio (162) del eslabón (16) y el orificio 73 del mango fijo (7). The mentioned support (3), like the support (2), has a projection (32) to which the anvil (5) is fixed, which improves the durability of the tool and reduces the possibility that the cutting elements (4, 5) of the tool become out of adjustment. At the opposite end of the projection (32), the support (3) has a projection (33) with a hole (34) through which the support (3) is connected by a pin (15) to the hole (161) of a link (16) and this in turn is articulated at the opposite end with the fixed handle (7) by means of a pin (17) that crosses the hole (162) of the link (16) and the hole 73 of the fixed handle ( 7).
En general, los elementos de soporte (2, 3), el bulón (9) y las cuchillas del elemento de corte (4) y del yunque (5) son producidos en metal, aleaciones de metales, polímeros o materiales cerámicos. Otro elemento esencial de la herramienta de la invención es el mango rotativo (6) que permite un movimiento rotacional sobre su propio eje a través del pasador (8), lo que facilita la manipulación y la transmisión adecuada de la fuerza de la mano, del usuario a la cuchilla de corte (4), disminuyendo la presión en áreas puntuales de la mano. Dicho mango rotativo (6), comprende una perforación (61 ), preferiblemente recubierta por un material de bajo coeficiente de rozamiento, el cual facilita el giro del mango sobre el pasador (8) proyectado desde el centro de la superficie inferior del elemento de soporte (2). In general, the support elements (2, 3), the bolt (9) and the blades of the cutting element (4) and the anvil (5) are produced in metal, metal alloys, polymers or ceramic materials. Another essential element of the tool of the invention is the rotary handle (6) which allows a rotational movement on its own axis through the pin (8), which facilitates the manipulation and proper transmission of the force of the hand, of the user to the cutting blade (4), decreasing the pressure in specific areas of the hand. Said rotating handle (6), comprises a perforation (61), preferably covered by a low friction coefficient material, which facilitates the rotation of the handle on the pin (8) projected from the center of the lower surface of the support element (2).
En una modalidad preferida, el mango rotativo (6) y la superficie inferior del elemento de soporte (2) presentan un par de topes (62, 25), que al chocar limitan el movimiento circular de dicho mango (6) sobre su propio eje hasta un punto determinado. Los mangos (6, 7) de la invención son elaborados en un material seleccionado del grupo que comprende polímeros, materiales cerámicos, metales, aleaciones de metales e incluso podrían ser producidos en metal y recubiertos por polímeros, con lo cual se logra mayor durabilidad de la herramienta al tiempo que se mejora el agarre de la misma. Opcionalmente, las piezas pueden ser huecas o presentar perforaciones a fin de reducir el peso de la herramienta. Preferiblemente, dichos mangos presentan una serie de formas cóncavas y convexas (63, 74) que permiten el acople de los dedos y la mano en los lugares indicados para un mejor agarre de la herramienta (1 ) In a preferred embodiment, the rotary handle (6) and the lower surface of the support element (2) have a pair of stops (62, 25), which when crashing limit the circular movement of said handle (6) on its own axis Up to a certain point. The handles (6, 7) of the invention are made of a material selected from the group comprising polymers, ceramic materials, metals, metal alloys and could even be produced in metal and coated by polymers, thereby achieving greater durability of the tool while improving its grip. Optionally, the pieces can be hollow or have perforations in order to reduce the weight of the tool. Preferably, said handles have a series of concave and convex shapes (63, 74) that allow the coupling of the fingers and hand in the indicated places for a better grip of the tool (1)
Estos mangos rotativo (6) y fijo (7) permiten realizar el corte de tallos de plantas manteniendo la muñeca del usuario alineada con su antebrazo, gracias a que dichos mangos se encuentran dispuestos en un ángulo cuya amplitud oscila entre 80° y 130°, preferiblemente 1 10°, con relación al eje central de la herramienta (1 ). These rotary (6) and fixed (7) handles allow cutting plant stems keeping the user's wrist aligned with his forearm, thanks to the fact that said handles are arranged at an angle whose amplitude ranges between 80 ° and 130 °, preferably 1 10 °, relative to the central axis of the tool (1).
Adicionalmente, la herramienta de corte (1 ) incluye un elemento de seguro (1 1 ) que se une mediante un elemento de fijación (12) a la superficie superior del elemento de soporte (2), quedando móvil sobre ella, de manera que al girar en dirección a los elementos de corte encaja en una muesca (92) existente en la lámina (91 ) del bulón (9), manteniendo el mecanismo cerrado cuando no se está utilizando la herramienta. Opcionalmente, este seguro (1 1 ) puede comprender una estructura sobresaliente (13), que facilita el movimiento del seguro (1 1 ) para pasar de la posición herramienta cerrada a herramienta abierta y viceversa. Additionally, the cutting tool (1) includes a safety element (1 1) that joins by means of a fixing element (12) to the upper surface of the support element (2), being movable on it, so that at turning in the direction of the cutting elements fits into a notch (92) existing in the blade (91) of the bolt (9), keeping the mechanism closed when the tool is not being used. Optionally, this lock (1 1) can comprise an outstanding structure (13), which facilitates the movement of the lock (1 1) to move from the closed tool position to open tool and vice versa.
Finalmente, la herramienta comprende un elemento de resorte (10) que va insertado a presión en un par de proyecciones (26, 75) dispuestas sobre las paredes laterales internas del elemento de soporte (2) y el mango fijo (7) de la herramienta. En una alternativa preferida de la invención, el elemento de corte (4) y el yunque (5) se encuentran sujetos a sus respectivos elementos de soporte (2, 3) mediante elementos de sujeción seleccionados del grupo que comprende remaches, pines, tornillos, adhesivos, soldaduras, etc. Finally, the tool comprises a spring element (10) which is inserted under pressure in a pair of projections (26, 75) arranged on the inner side walls of the support element (2) and the fixed handle (7) of the tool . In a preferred alternative of the invention, the cutting element (4) and the anvil (5) are subject to their respective support elements (2, 3) by means of fasteners selected from the group comprising rivets, pins, screws, adhesives, welds, etc.
Otra opción también cubierta en esta solicitud es la herramienta (1 ) en la que el bulón (9) comprende una lámina (91 ) con una muesca (92) en la cual encaja el seguro (1 1 ), una rueda dentada (93), cuyos dientes se acoplan con los dientes de una lámina dentada (94). Este mecanismo dentado (93-94) permite el ajuste de los elementos de corte, y además, actúa como freno para evitar el desajuste con el uso de los elementos de corte (4,5) de la herramienta. Another option also covered in this application is the tool (1) in which the bolt (9) comprises a sheet (91) with a notch (92) in which the lock (1 1) fits, a cogwheel (93) , whose teeth are coupled with the teeth of a serrated blade (94). This toothed mechanism (93-94) allows the adjustment of the cutting elements, and also acts as a brake to avoid the mismatch with the use of the cutting elements (4,5) of the tool.
En una opción ideal de la invención, el resorte (10) es fabricado en un material metálico, aleación metálica o polímero que recupere el coeficiente de rigidez del material. Para esta herramienta (1 ), el resorte (10) puede ser elaborado a partir de una lámina o alambre con perfil circular, con formas de polígonos regulares e irregulares. In an ideal option of the invention, the spring (10) is made of a metallic material, metallic alloy or polymer that recovers the coefficient of stiffness of the material. For this tool (1), the spring (10) can be made from a sheet or wire with a circular profile, with regular and irregular polygon shapes.
Así las cosas, la herramienta de corte de la presente solicitud garantiza que la flexo extensión de la muñeca no sea mayor a 20Q, impide que la desviación radial sea mayor a 20Q. Asimismo, disminuye la fuerza requerida para accionar dicho elemento de corte (4) y el elemento yunque (5) de modo que la presión máxima para efectuar el corte es de 10 N. El sistema de accionamiento de la herramienta de la presente invención funciona cuando el mango rotativo (6) se acciona acercándose manualmente contra el mango fijo (7) en una posición longitudinal, transmitiendo la fuerza a los elementos de corte, cuchilla (4) y el elemento de yunque (5) en una forma transversamente permitiendo una alineación del conjunto mano muñeca, brazo del operario de la presente invención. Thus, the cutting tool of the present application guarantees that the wrist extension flexion does not exceed 20 Q , prevents the radial deviation from being greater than 20 Q. Likewise, the force required to drive said cutting element (4) and the anvil element (5) decreases so that the maximum pressure for cutting is 10 N. The tool drive system of the present invention works when the rotary handle (6) is operated by manually approaching the fixed handle (7) in a longitudinal position, transmitting the force to the cutting elements, blade (4) and the anvil element (5) in a transverse way allowing alignment of the wrist hand assembly, operator arm of the present invention.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
Una herramienta de corte (1 ) para el corte intensivo de flores o frutos caracterizada porque los elementos de corte se encuentran en el plano horizontal de la herramienta, mientras los mangos (6, 7), que permiten sostener la herramienta, están en el plano vertical, es decir, se encuentran dispuestos en un ángulo de 80° a 120°, y los mangos (6, 7) están alineados con el eje longitudinal de la herramienta, ubicándose uno (6) en la parte central de la herramienta y el otro (7), detrás, en la parte posterior de ella. A cutting tool (1) for intensive cutting of flowers or fruits characterized in that the cutting elements are in the horizontal plane of the tool, while the handles (6, 7), which allow the tool to be held, are in the plane vertical, that is, they are arranged at an angle of 80 ° to 120 °, and the handles (6, 7) are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the tool, one (6) being located in the central part of the tool and the another (7), behind, on the back of her.
La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque los elementos de corte se encuentran dispuestos en un ángulo de 80° a130Q, en relación con la posición de los mangos, preferiblemente en un ángulo de 1 10Q The cutting tool (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting elements are arranged at an angle of 80 ° to 130 Q , in relation to the position of the handles, preferably at an angle of 1 10 Q
La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 o 2, caracterizada porque comprende dos o más elementos de soporte (2, 3) que sustentan los elementos de corte (4) y un yunque (5), el elemento de corte (4) es de tipo cuchilla y se acciona en forma horizontal para desplazarse y chocar contra el elemento de yunque (5), un elemento de mango rotativo (6) que permite un movimiento rotacional y que al ser accionado se desliza en dirección horizontal hacia el elemento de mango fijo (7), un sistema bulón (9) modificado para que el elemento pasador (8) reemplace al tornillo pasador original, de manera que dicho elemento pasador (8) se introduce por orificio (24) del elemento de soporte (2), pasa por el orificio (41 ), luego por orificio 51 , seguido por el orificio (31 ) y finalmente, se enrosca en el sistema bulón (9), permitiendo sujetar todos los elementos anteriores, y un resorte o muelle (10), sujeto sobre las paredes laterales internas del elemento de soporte (2) y del mango fijo (7), para permitir unir o separar los mangos de tipo fijo (7) y rotativo (6), con lo cual se abre y cierra la herramienta (1 ). The cutting tool (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises two or more support elements (2, 3) that support the cutting elements (4) and an anvil (5), the cutting element (4) It is of the blade type and is operated horizontally to move and collide with the anvil element (5), a rotating handle element (6) that allows a rotational movement and which, when actuated, slides horizontally towards the fixed handle element (7), a modified bolt system (9) so that the pin element (8) replaces the original pin screw, so that said pin element (8) is inserted through the hole (24) of the support element (2), passes through the hole (41), then through hole 51, followed by the hole (31) and finally, it is screwed into the bolt system (9), allowing to hold all the previous elements, and a spring or spring ( 10), attached to the inner side walls of the support element (2) and the fixed handle (7), to allow joining or separating the handles of fixed type (7) and rotary (6), which opens and closes the tool (1).
4. La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 3, caracterizada porque el elemento de soporte (2) se une al mango fijo (7) en uno de sus extremos (21 ) mediante un pasador (14) que atraviesa el orificio 22 y el orificio (72) de la proyección (71 ) del mango fijo (7) y en el extremo opuesto presenta una proyección (23) sobre la cual se fija el elemento de corte (4), que se asegura mediante el sistema bulón (9) que pasa a través del orificio (24) del elemento de soporte (2) y del orificio (41 ) de la cuchilla (4). The cutting tool (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the support element (2) is attached to the fixed handle (7) at one of its ends (21) by means of a pin (14) that crosses the hole 22 and the hole (72) of the projection (71) of the fixed handle (7) and at the opposite end presents a projection (23) on which the cutting element (4) is fixed, which is secured by the system pin (9) that passes through the hole (24) of the support element (2) and the hole (41) of the blade (4).
5. La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 3, caracterizada porque el elemento de soporte (3) presenta una proyección (32) a la cual se fija el yunque (5), en el extremo opuesto a la proyección (32), el soporte (3) posee una proyección (33) con un orificio (34) a través del cual el soporte (3) se une mediante un pasador (15) al orificio (161 ) de un eslabón (16) y éste a su vez se articula en el extremo contrario con el mango fijo (7) mediante un pasador (17) que atraviesa el orificio (162) del eslabón (16) y el orificio 73 del mango fijo (7). 6. La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 3, caracterizada porque los elementos de soporte (2, 3), el bulón (9) y las cuchillas del elemento de corte (4) y del yunque (5) son producidos en un material seleccionado del grupo que consiste en: metal, aleaciones de metales, polímeros o materiales cerámicos. 5. The cutting tool (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the support element (3) has a projection (32) to which the anvil (5) is fixed, at the opposite end of the projection ( 32), the support (3) has a projection (33) with a hole (34) through which the support (3) is connected by a pin (15) to the hole (161) of a link (16) and this one in turn, it is articulated at the opposite end with the fixed handle (7) by means of a pin (17) that crosses the hole (162) of the link (16) and the hole 73 of the fixed handle (7). 6. The cutting tool (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the support elements (2, 3), the bolt (9) and the blades of the cutting element (4) and anvil (5) are produced in a material selected from the group consisting of: metal, metal alloys, polymers or ceramic materials.
7. La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con las reivindicaciones 3 a 4, caracterizada porque el elemento de corte (4) y el yunque (5) se encuentran sujetos a sus respectivos elementos de soporte (2, 3) mediante elementos de sujeción seleccionados del grupo que comprende remaches, pines, tornillos, adhesivos, soldaduras, etc. 7. The cutting tool (1) according to claims 3 to 4, characterized in that the cutting element (4) and the anvil (5) are attached to their respective support elements (2, 3) by means of clamping selected from the group comprising rivets, pins, screws, adhesives, welds, etc.
8. La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 3, caracterizada porque el mango rotativo (6) comprende una perforación (61 ) en la cual encaja el elemento pasador (8) proyectado desde la superficie inferior del elemento de soporte (2). 8. The cutting tool (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the rotating handle (6) comprises a perforation (61) in which the pin element (8) projected from the lower surface of the support element (2) fits.
9. La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 8, caracterizada porque la perforación (61 ) está recubierta por un material de bajo coeficiente de rozamiento, para facilitar la rotación del mango rotativo (6) sobre su propio eje a través de un elemento pasador (8). 9. The cutting tool (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the perforation (61) is coated with a low friction coefficient material, to facilitate the rotation of the rotary handle (6) on its own axis through of a pin element (8).
10. La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 3 a 8, caracterizada porque el mango rotativo (6) y la superficie inferior del elemento de soporte (2) presentan un par de topes (62, 25), que al chocar limitan el movimiento circular de dicho mango (6) sobre su propio eje hasta un punto determinado. 1 1 . La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizada porque los mangos (6, 7) de la invención son elaborados en un material seleccionado del grupo que comprende polímeros, materiales cerámicos, metales, aleaciones de metales e incluso podrían ser producidos en metal y recubiertos por polímeros. 10. The cutting tool (1) according to claim 3 to 8, characterized in that the rotating handle (6) and the lower surface of the support element (2) have a pair of stops (62, 25), which when colliding limit the circular movement of said handle (6) on its own axis to a certain point. eleven . The cutting tool (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the handles (6, 7) of the invention are made of a material selected from the group comprising polymers, ceramic materials, metals, metal alloys and They could even be produced in metal and coated with polymers.
12. La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 1 , caracterizada porque los mangos (6, 7) pueden ser huecas o presentar perforaciones. 12. The cutting tool (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the handles (6, 7) can be hollow or have perforations.
13. La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 1 , caracterizada porque los mangos (6, 7) presentan una serie de formas cóncavas y convexas (63, 74) que permiten el acople de los dedos y la mano en los lugares indicados para un mejor agarre de la herramienta (1 ) 13. The cutting tool (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the handles (6, 7) have a series of concave and convex shapes (63, 74) that allow the coupling of the fingers and the hand in the indicated places for a better grip of the tool (1)
14. La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 3, caracterizada porque el bulón (9) comprende una lámina (91 ) con una muesca (92), una rueda dentada (93), cuyos dientes se acoplan con los dientes de una lámina dentada (94). 14. The cutting tool (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the bolt (9) comprises a blade (91) with a notch (92), a cogwheel (93), the teeth of which are coupled with the teeth of a serrated blade (94).
15. La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 3, caracterizada porque además comprende un elemento de seguro (1 1 ) que se une mediante un elemento de fijación (12) a la superficie superior del elemento de soporte (2), quedando móvil sobre ella, de manera que al girar en dirección a los elementos de corte encaja en una muesca (92) existente en la lámina (91 ) del bulón (9), manteniendo el mecanismo cerrado. 15. The cutting tool (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that it further comprises a safety element (1 1) that is connected by means of a fixing element (12) to the upper surface of the support element (2) , being movable on it, so that when turning in the direction of the cutting elements it fits into a notch (92) existing in the blade (91) of the bolt (9), keeping the mechanism closed.
16. La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 15, caracterizada porque el seguro (1 1 ) puede comprender una estructura sobresaliente (13), que facilita el movimiento del seguro (1 1 ) para pasar de la posición herramienta cerrada a herramienta abierta y viceversa. 16. The cutting tool (1) according to claim 15, characterized in that the lock (1 1) can comprise an outstanding structure (13), which facilitates the movement of the lock (1 1) to move from the closed tool position Open tool and vice versa.
17. La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 3, caracterizada porque el elemento de resorte (10) se inserta a presión en las proyecciones (26, 75) dispuestas sobre las paredes laterales internas del elemento de soporte (2) y el mango fijo (7) de la herramienta. 17. The cutting tool (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the spring element (10) is inserted under pressure in the projections (26, 75) arranged on the inner side walls of the support element (2) and the fixed handle (7) of the tool.
18. La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 3, caracterizada porque el resorte (10) es fabricado en un material seleccionado del grupo que comprende metal, aleación metálica o polímero que recupere el coeficiente de rigidez del material. 18. The cutting tool (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the spring (10) is made of a material selected from the group comprising metal, metal alloy or polymer that recovers the coefficient of stiffness of the material.
19. La herramienta de corte (1 ) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 18, caracterizada porque el resorte (10) puede ser elaborado a partir de una lámina o alambre con perfil circular, con formas de polígonos regulares e irregulares. 19. The cutting tool (1) according to claim 18, characterized in that the spring (10) can be made from a circular profiled sheet or wire, with regular and irregular polygon shapes.
PCT/IB2011/053350 2010-07-30 2011-07-27 Ergonomic tool for cutting flowers and fruit WO2012014168A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CO10-093249 2010-07-30
CO10093249A CO6360207A1 (en) 2010-07-30 2010-07-30 ERGONOMIC TOOL FOR FLOWER AND FRUIT CUTTING

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012014168A1 true WO2012014168A1 (en) 2012-02-02

Family

ID=45508691

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2011/053350 WO2012014168A1 (en) 2010-07-30 2011-07-27 Ergonomic tool for cutting flowers and fruit

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CO (1) CO6360207A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012014168A1 (en)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB996685A (en) * 1963-04-03 1965-06-30 Max Planck Gesellschaft Shears and similar tools
ES279948U (en) * 1982-05-07 1984-11-16 Furst Josef Manual tool for cutting and harving agricultural products with correosos cuts (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
JPH08299621A (en) * 1995-05-07 1996-11-19 Chifumi Inoue Cutting nippers with oblong blades
DE19652389A1 (en) * 1996-09-09 1998-03-12 Bando Ind Co Pruning shears having opening angle control element
ES2140519T3 (en) * 1994-09-27 2000-03-01 Felco Sa CUTTING FORCE, IN PARTICULAR SCISSORS TO PRUNE.
US6393703B1 (en) * 2001-08-24 2002-05-28 Jiin Haur Industrial Co., Ltd. Structure for confining a rotational angle of a handle of gardening shears
ES2329738T3 (en) * 2007-02-22 2009-11-30 WOLF-GARTEN GMBH & CO. KG INTERLOCK DEVICE FOR SCISSORS.
ES2331123T3 (en) * 2002-11-11 2009-12-22 Alfons Alber HANDLE.

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB996685A (en) * 1963-04-03 1965-06-30 Max Planck Gesellschaft Shears and similar tools
ES279948U (en) * 1982-05-07 1984-11-16 Furst Josef Manual tool for cutting and harving agricultural products with correosos cuts (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
ES2140519T3 (en) * 1994-09-27 2000-03-01 Felco Sa CUTTING FORCE, IN PARTICULAR SCISSORS TO PRUNE.
JPH08299621A (en) * 1995-05-07 1996-11-19 Chifumi Inoue Cutting nippers with oblong blades
DE19652389A1 (en) * 1996-09-09 1998-03-12 Bando Ind Co Pruning shears having opening angle control element
US6393703B1 (en) * 2001-08-24 2002-05-28 Jiin Haur Industrial Co., Ltd. Structure for confining a rotational angle of a handle of gardening shears
ES2331123T3 (en) * 2002-11-11 2009-12-22 Alfons Alber HANDLE.
ES2329738T3 (en) * 2007-02-22 2009-11-30 WOLF-GARTEN GMBH & CO. KG INTERLOCK DEVICE FOR SCISSORS.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CO6360207A1 (en) 2012-01-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2012014167A2 (en) Ergonomic tool for cutting flowers and fruit
US8584368B2 (en) Position restriction structure of scissors
US9854748B2 (en) Handheld pruning tool
US407571A (en) Knife for cutting corn
CN105459160B (en) Scissors
US9603310B2 (en) Lopping shears with offset blade
WO2012014168A1 (en) Ergonomic tool for cutting flowers and fruit
JP2002000040A (en) Cutting tool for harvesting fruit or fruit vegetable, etc.
US20140013516A1 (en) Gardening Implement
CN207531413U (en) A kind of dedicated scissors for afforestation
KR20100057542A (en) A multi purpose shears
WO2009022887A3 (en) Surgical retractor
US1555476A (en) Cane stripper
CN210095948U (en) Novel multi-functional department of stomatology scissors
KR20230070129A (en) Hydrangea petal scissors
JP3170527U (en) Automatic opening and closing slide scissors
ES1167288U (en) Manual cutting tool for the collection of hortofruticolas surface products whose pella is wrapped from its foliage (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
CN204765849U (en) Pincers are maintained to multi -functional finger toe
US639525A (en) Pruning-shears.
CN104115682B (en) A kind of multifunctional gardening scissors
CN201642229U (en) Scissors special for strip-shaped hepatic cyst
CN203152317U (en) Carbon fiber water-floating pliers
JP2011083268A (en) Weeding tool having tooth shaped part of blade portion of scissors
JP3165172U (en) Netsuke
ES1179258U (en) Mushroom and vegetable cutter (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 11811918

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 11811918

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1