WO2012000441A1 - Semi-trailer with enforceable steering vehicle wheels - Google Patents

Semi-trailer with enforceable steering vehicle wheels Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012000441A1
WO2012000441A1 PCT/CN2011/076605 CN2011076605W WO2012000441A1 WO 2012000441 A1 WO2012000441 A1 WO 2012000441A1 CN 2011076605 W CN2011076605 W CN 2011076605W WO 2012000441 A1 WO2012000441 A1 WO 2012000441A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
trailer
semi
steering
bevel gear
bevel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/076605
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘志忠
Original Assignee
Liu Zhizhong
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Liu Zhizhong filed Critical Liu Zhizhong
Publication of WO2012000441A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012000441A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D13/00—Steering specially adapted for trailers
    • B62D13/02—Steering specially adapted for trailers for centrally-pivoted axles
    • B62D13/025—Steering specially adapted for trailers for centrally-pivoted axles the pivoted movement being initiated by the coupling means between tractor and trailer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D13/00—Steering specially adapted for trailers
    • B62D13/04—Steering specially adapted for trailers for individually-pivoted wheels

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to a road transport axle
  • the widely used car train semi-trailer has a fixed wheel rolling plane.
  • the semi-trailer wheels are relatively laterally slipped relative to the road surface.
  • the driving resistance of the train is increased, the fuel consumption is increased, and the wear of the semi-trailer tires and the road surface is intensified. This is inconsistent with the current theme of energy-saving emission reduction and low-carbon life.
  • the sector bevel gear Z1 is fixed on the traction seat plate, and the first bevel gear Z2 is splined to the first transmission shaft (B), which can slide on the first transmission shaft (B) and Positioned at the position of meshing and disengaging with the sector bevel gear (Z1), the other end of the first transmission shaft (B) is equipped with a second bevel gear (Z3), which is mounted on the second transmission shaft (C)
  • the three bevel gears (Z4) are engaged, and the drive shaft (D) is also mounted on the second transmission shaft (C) to form a drive system;
  • the drive arm (D) is connected to the swing arm (c) via the first pull rod (b), and is driven.
  • the second pull rod (a) drives the steering tie rod to steer the steering wheel mounted on the steering axle of the semi-trailer to form a steering rod system; and an axle equipped with the steering wheel.
  • the invention adopts a forced change of the rolling plane of the semi-trailer wheel, so that all the wheels of the semi-trailer are moved around the center of rotation of the car train (as shown in Fig. 1). Achieve reduced lateral slip, reduced fuel consumption, and reduced tire and road wear.
  • Figure 1 is a simplified diagram of the car train movement based on the CA4226P2K2 tractor and the ZQZ9310TJZP trailer.
  • the original two-axle semi-trailer was changed to three-axle.
  • the angle a in the figure is the angle between the longitudinal axis of the tractor and the longitudinal axis of the semi-trailer.
  • the angle ⁇ is the angle of rotation of the steered wheel of the semi-trailer (the values of the two wheel angles on the same axis are different).
  • Figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the drive of the drive system.
  • the axis ⁇ is the center line connecting the traction pin and the traction seat cleat.
  • the sector bevel gear Z1 is fixed on the traction plate and its center line coincides with the axis A.
  • the other end of the B-axis is equipped with a bevel gear Z3 which meshes with a conical pinion Z4 mounted on the C-axis.
  • a drive arm D is also mounted on the C-axis, which is connected to the steering rod system.
  • the bevel gear Z4 is simultaneously meshed with the cone wheel Z5, and the Z5 is connected to the pneumatic (or hydraulic) motor M to form an adjustment device for adjusting the tractor. After the initial engagement with the semi-trailer, the semi-trailer is turned to the state of the wheel.
  • FIG. 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of the semi-trailer transfer tie rod system.
  • Steering arm D is connected to point F via tie rod b and swing arm c and tie rod.
  • the pull rod a drives the turning rod to turn the steering wheel.
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram of the control element. Taking the angle ⁇ between the tractor and the longitudinal axis of the semi-trailer as the input parameter, the trailer wheel is rotated by the angle ⁇ by the actuator. The operator can change the wheel angle 3 of the trailer with the adjustment device according to the initial state of the tractor and the semi-trailer to ensure that the engagement state is normal.
  • the change of the rolling plane of the semi-trailer is caused by the change of the angle a (see Figure 1) between the tractor and the longitudinal axis of the semi-trailer as the car train changes, and the steering system is driven by the drive system shown in Figure 2a (see figure 2b).
  • the drive system consists of a fan-shaped bevel gear Z1 fixed on the support plate of the traction seat, a bevel gear Z2 mounted on the semi-trailer, a drive shaft B, a bevel gear Z4 and a drive arm D mounted on the same shaft as the Z4.
  • the train changes direction of travel ⁇ , Z1 drives Z2, Z2 drives Z3 via drive shaft B, Z3 drives Z4 and drive arm D mounted on shaft C.
  • the D-driven steering rod causes the wheel to change the rolling plane, making a circular motion around the instantaneous center of the car train 0 (see Figure 1).
  • the state of the initial connection of the tractor and the semi-trailer of the automobile train is uncertain, and the longitudinal axis thereof may be in a straight line or may intersect.
  • the angle ⁇ of the semi-trailer steering wheel must be adjusted during the connection (see Fig. 1) to match the angle ⁇ of the tractor and the longitudinal axis of the semi-trailer. Otherwise, the movement of the semi-trailer steered wheels cannot be guaranteed.
  • the adjustment is achieved by an adjustment device provided in the drive system.
  • the device consists of a bevel gear ⁇ 5 and a pneumatic (or hydraulic) motor ⁇ (see Figure 2a).
  • the drive train The bevel gear Z2 in the system is in the disengaged position, and after the semi-trailer is connected with the tractor, the position of the bevel gear Z2 is adjusted by the adjusting device. It is made to correspond to the position of Z1, and then Z2 is adjusted to the position where it meshes with Z1. After adjustment, the semi-trailer can travel normally with the tractor.

Abstract

Disclosed is a semi-trailer with enforceable steering vehicle wheels. A sector bevel(Z1) is mounted on a tractor base, and a first bevel(Z2) is connected with a first transmission shaft(B) through a spline. The first bevel can slide on the first transmission shaft (B) and be located in two positions meshed or demeshed with the sector bevel(Z1) respectively. The other end of the first transmission shaft (B) is fixed with a second bevel (Z3). The second bevel is meshed with a third bevel (Z4) mounted on a second transmission shaft (C). The second transmission shaft (C) is also fixed with a driving arm (D), to form a driving system. The driving arm (D) is connected with a swing arm (c) through a first pulling rod (b). The swing arm drives a second pulling rod (a) which can drive a steering cross pulling rod mounted on a steering vehicle shaft of the semi-trailer, so as to steer the steering vehicle wheels. Therefore a steering pulling rod system is formed. The vehicle shaft is fixed with the steering vehicle wheels. The semi-trailer can reduce sideslip action, oil consumption, and the wear between the tires and the road surface.

Description

说明书 车轮可强制转向的半挂车  Manual semi-trailer with wheels that can be forced to turn
(一） 技术领域  (1) Technical field
本发明属公路运输车轴  The invention belongs to a road transport axle
(二） 技术背景  (ii) Technical background
自上世纪五十年代以来， 由于高速公路的发展， 使由牵引车和半挂车构成的汽车列车在公路运输中 的应用日益广泛。 特别是集装箱运输方式的出现， 进一步推进了汽车列车运输的快速发展。  Since the 1950s, due to the development of expressways, the use of tractors and semi-trailers has become increasingly widespread in road transport. In particular, the emergence of container transportation methods has further promoted the rapid development of automobile train transportation.
至今为止， 广泛使用的汽车列车半挂车， 其车轮滚动平面是固定的。 当汽车列车改变行驶方向时， 为适应改变行驶方向的需要， 半挂车车轮相对路面， 必然产生侧向滑移。 导致汽车列车行驶阻力增加， 油耗加大， 半挂车轮胎和路面磨损加剧。 这与当今节能减排， 低碳生活的时代主旋律是不和谐的。  Up to now, the widely used car train semi-trailer has a fixed wheel rolling plane. When the car train changes the direction of travel, in order to adapt to the need to change the direction of travel, the semi-trailer wheels are relatively laterally slipped relative to the road surface. As a result, the driving resistance of the train is increased, the fuel consumption is increased, and the wear of the semi-trailer tires and the road surface is intensified. This is inconsistent with the current theme of energy-saving emission reduction and low-carbon life.
(三） 发明内容  (3) Invention content
为解决当前汽车列车改变行驶方向时， 半挂车车轮的侧向滑移。 本发明采用以下以下技术方案， 扇 形锥齿轮 Z1固定在牵引座板上， 第一圆锥齿轮 Z2用花键与第一传动轴 （B ) 相连， 它可在第一传动轴 (B ) 上滑动并分别定位在与扇形锥齿轮 （Z1 ) 啮合和脱开的位置， 第一传动轴 （B ) 另一端装有第二 圆锥齿轮 （Z3 )， 它与装在第二传动轴 （C) 上的第三圆锥齿轮 （Z4) 啮合， 在第二传动轴 （C) 上还装 有驱动臂 （D) 组成驱动系统； 驱动臂 （D ) 经第一拉杆 （b) 与摆臂 （c) 相连， 驱动第二拉杆 （a) 带 动转向横拉杆使装在半挂车转向车轴上的转向车轮转向， 组成转向拉杆系统； 及装有转向车轮的车轴。  In order to solve the current car train changing the direction of travel, the semi-trailer wheels are laterally slipped. The present invention adopts the following technical solution, the sector bevel gear Z1 is fixed on the traction seat plate, and the first bevel gear Z2 is splined to the first transmission shaft (B), which can slide on the first transmission shaft (B) and Positioned at the position of meshing and disengaging with the sector bevel gear (Z1), the other end of the first transmission shaft (B) is equipped with a second bevel gear (Z3), which is mounted on the second transmission shaft (C) The three bevel gears (Z4) are engaged, and the drive shaft (D) is also mounted on the second transmission shaft (C) to form a drive system; the drive arm (D) is connected to the swing arm (c) via the first pull rod (b), and is driven. The second pull rod (a) drives the steering tie rod to steer the steering wheel mounted on the steering axle of the semi-trailer to form a steering rod system; and an axle equipped with the steering wheel.
本发明采用强制改变半挂车车轮的滚动平面， 使半挂车的所有车轮均围绕汽车列车的回转中心作圆 周运动 （如图 1所示）。 达到减少侧向滑移， 降低油耗， 轮胎和路面磨损下降的效果。  The invention adopts a forced change of the rolling plane of the semi-trailer wheel, so that all the wheels of the semi-trailer are moved around the center of rotation of the car train (as shown in Fig. 1). Achieve reduced lateral slip, reduced fuel consumption, and reduced tire and road wear.
(四） 附图说明  (4) Description of the drawings
图 1是以 CA4226P2K2牵引车、 ZQZ9310TJZP挂车为原型简化绘制的汽车列车运动图，并将原为双 轴的半挂车改为三轴。 图中角 a是牵引车纵轴线与半挂车纵轴线的夹角， 角 β是半挂车转向车轮酌转角 (同一轴上两车轮转角 β值是不同的）。  Figure 1 is a simplified diagram of the car train movement based on the CA4226P2K2 tractor and the ZQZ9310TJZP trailer. The original two-axle semi-trailer was changed to three-axle. The angle a in the figure is the angle between the longitudinal axis of the tractor and the longitudinal axis of the semi-trailer. The angle β is the angle of rotation of the steered wheel of the semi-trailer (the values of the two wheel angles on the same axis are different).
图 2(a)是驱动系统的传动简图。 轴线 Α是牵引销与牵引座夹板连接的中心线， 扇形锥齿轮 Zl， 固定 在牵引座板上， 其中心线与轴线 A重合。 圆锥齿轮 Z2, 用花键与传动轴 B相连， 它可在 B轴上滑动， 分别可定位在与 Z1啮合和脱开的位置。 B轴另一端装有圆锥齿轮 Z3， 它与装在 C轴上的圆锥齿轴 Z4 啮合。 在 C轴上还装有驱动臂 D, 它与转向拉杆系统相连， 此外圆锥齿轮 Z4同时与圆锥轮 Z5相啮合， Z5与气动 （或液压） 马达 M相连， 组成调整装置， 用于调整牵引车与半挂车初始接合吋， 半挂车转向 车轮的状态。  Figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the drive of the drive system. The axis Α is the center line connecting the traction pin and the traction seat cleat. The sector bevel gear Z1 is fixed on the traction plate and its center line coincides with the axis A. The bevel gear Z2, which is splined to the drive shaft B, slides on the B-axis and can be positioned to engage and disengage the Z1. The other end of the B-axis is equipped with a bevel gear Z3 which meshes with a conical pinion Z4 mounted on the C-axis. A drive arm D is also mounted on the C-axis, which is connected to the steering rod system. In addition, the bevel gear Z4 is simultaneously meshed with the cone wheel Z5, and the Z5 is connected to the pneumatic (or hydraulic) motor M to form an adjustment device for adjusting the tractor. After the initial engagement with the semi-trailer, the semi-trailer is turned to the state of the wheel.
图 2(b)是半挂车转同拉杆系统示意图。 转向拐臂 D经拉杆 b与摆臂 c和拉杆相连于 F点。 当 D转 动时， 经拉杆 b、 摆臂 c， 驱动拉杆&。 拉杆 a则带动转同横拉杆使转向车轮转向。  Figure 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of the semi-trailer transfer tie rod system. Steering arm D is connected to point F via tie rod b and swing arm c and tie rod. When D is rotated, the lever b, the swing arm c, and the lever are driven. The pull rod a drives the turning rod to turn the steering wheel.
图 3是控制元理框图。以牵引车与半挂车纵轴线夹角 α为输入参数，经执行机构使挂车车轮转动 β角。 操作人员可根据牵引车与半挂车的初始状态， 用调整装置改变挂车车轮转角3， 保证接合状态正常。  Figure 3 is a block diagram of the control element. Taking the angle α between the tractor and the longitudinal axis of the semi-trailer as the input parameter, the trailer wheel is rotated by the angle β by the actuator. The operator can change the wheel angle 3 of the trailer with the adjustment device according to the initial state of the tractor and the semi-trailer to ensure that the engagement state is normal.
(五） 实施方案  (5) Implementation plan
半挂车滚动平面的改变， 是随着汽车列车改变行驶方同时牵引车与半挂车纵轴线的夹角 a (见图 1 ) 的变化， 由图 2a所示的驱动系统驱动转向拉杆实现 (见图 2b)。 驱动系统由固定在牵引座支承盘上的扇 形锥齿轮 Zl， 与装在半挂车上的锥齿轮 Z2， 传动轴 B、 锥齿轮 Z4和与 Z4装在同一轴上的驱动臂 D构 成， 当汽车列车改变行驶方向吋， Z1驱动 Z2， Z2经传动轴 B驱动 Z3， Z3驱动装在轴 C上的 Z4和驱 动臂 D。 经 D驱动转向拉杆 (见图 2b)使车轮改变滚动平面， 实现绕汽车列车瞬吋回转中心 0 (见图 1 ) 作圆周运动。  The change of the rolling plane of the semi-trailer is caused by the change of the angle a (see Figure 1) between the tractor and the longitudinal axis of the semi-trailer as the car train changes, and the steering system is driven by the drive system shown in Figure 2a (see figure 2b). The drive system consists of a fan-shaped bevel gear Z1 fixed on the support plate of the traction seat, a bevel gear Z2 mounted on the semi-trailer, a drive shaft B, a bevel gear Z4 and a drive arm D mounted on the same shaft as the Z4. The train changes direction of travel 吋, Z1 drives Z2, Z2 drives Z3 via drive shaft B, Z3 drives Z4 and drive arm D mounted on shaft C. The D-driven steering rod (see Figure 2b) causes the wheel to change the rolling plane, making a circular motion around the instantaneous center of the car train 0 (see Figure 1).
汽车列车的牵引车与半挂车初始连接吋的状态是不确定的， 其纵轴线可以是在一条直线上， 也可是 相交叉的。 为此， 在连接时必须调整半挂车转向车轮的转角 β (见图 1 )， 使其与牵引车和半挂车纵轴线 的夹角 α相适应， 否则不能保证半挂车转向车轮的运动状态正常。 调整是由设在驱动系统中的调整装置 实现。 该装置由锥齿轮 Ζ5和气动 （或液压） 马达 Μ (见图 2a)构成。 当半挂车与牵引车脱开时， 驱动系 统中的锥齿轮 Z2处在脱开位置上， 半挂车与牵引车连接后， 用调整装置调整锥齿轮 Z2的位置。使其与 Z1的位置相对应， 之后将 Z2调到与 Z1相啮合的位置。 调整后， 半挂车就可随牵引车正常行驶。 The state of the initial connection of the tractor and the semi-trailer of the automobile train is uncertain, and the longitudinal axis thereof may be in a straight line or may intersect. For this purpose, the angle β of the semi-trailer steering wheel must be adjusted during the connection (see Fig. 1) to match the angle α of the tractor and the longitudinal axis of the semi-trailer. Otherwise, the movement of the semi-trailer steered wheels cannot be guaranteed. The adjustment is achieved by an adjustment device provided in the drive system. The device consists of a bevel gear Ζ 5 and a pneumatic (or hydraulic) motor Μ (see Figure 2a). When the semi-trailer is disengaged from the tractor, the drive train The bevel gear Z2 in the system is in the disengaged position, and after the semi-trailer is connected with the tractor, the position of the bevel gear Z2 is adjusted by the adjusting device. It is made to correspond to the position of Z1, and then Z2 is adjusted to the position where it meshes with Z1. After adjustment, the semi-trailer can travel normally with the tractor.

Claims

权利要求书 Claim
1、 一种车轮可强制转向的半挂车， 其特征在于:扇形锥齿轮 Z1固定在牵引座板上， 第一圆 锥齿轮 Z2用花键与第一传动轴（B )相连， 它可在第一传动轴（B )上滑动并分别定位在与 扇形锥齿轮 （Z1 ) 啮合和脱开的位置， 第一传动轴 （B ) 另一端装有第二圆锥齿轮（Z3 )， 它与装在第二传动轴 （C) 上的第三圆锥齿轮（Z4) 啮合， 在第二传动轴 （C) 上还装有驱 动臂 （D)组成驱动系统； 驱动臂 （D)经第一拉杆（b) 与摆臂 （c) 相连， 驱动第二拉杆A semi-trailer capable of forcibly steering a wheel, characterized in that a sector bevel gear Z1 is fixed on a traction seat plate, and a first bevel gear Z2 is splined to the first transmission shaft (B), which can be first The drive shaft (B) slides and is respectively positioned to mesh and disengage with the sector bevel gear (Z1), and the other end of the first transmission shaft (B) is equipped with a second bevel gear (Z3), which is mounted in the second The third bevel gear (Z4) on the drive shaft (C) is engaged, and the drive arm (D) is also mounted on the second drive shaft (C) to form a drive system; the drive arm (D) is coupled to the first pull rod (b) The swing arm (c) is connected to drive the second lever
(a) 带动转向横拉杆使装在半挂车转向车轴上的转向车轮转向， 组成转向拉杆系统； 及装 有转向车轮的车轴。 (a) The steering tie rod is used to steer the steering wheel mounted on the steering axle of the semi-trailer to form a steering rod system; and an axle equipped with a steering wheel.
2、 权利要求 1所述车轮可强制转向的半挂车， 其特征是装有由气动或液压马达（M)和第 四圆锥齿轮 （Z5 ) 构成的调整装置。  2. A semi-trailer for forced wheel steering according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with an adjustment device consisting of a pneumatic or hydraulic motor (M) and a fourth bevel gear (Z5).
PCT/CN2011/076605 2010-06-30 2011-06-30 Semi-trailer with enforceable steering vehicle wheels WO2012000441A1 (en)

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CN201010213241.6 2010-06-30
CN2010102132416A CN101870308B (en) 2010-06-30 2010-06-30 Semitrailer with forcibly steered wheels

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WO2012000441A1 true WO2012000441A1 (en) 2012-01-05

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CN100558590C (en) * 2007-09-18 2009-11-11 薛玉泉 The superimposed trailer that has automatic synchronization steering mechanism
CN101870308A (en) * 2010-06-30 2010-10-27 刘志忠 Semitrailer with forcibly steered wheels
CN201941840U (en) * 2010-06-30 2011-08-24 刘志忠 Semi-trailer equipped with wheel capable of forced steering

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CN101870308B (en) 2012-01-25
CN101870308A (en) 2010-10-27

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