WO2012000173A1 - 一种水收集净化储存系统 - Google Patents

一种水收集净化储存系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012000173A1
WO2012000173A1 PCT/CN2010/074715 CN2010074715W WO2012000173A1 WO 2012000173 A1 WO2012000173 A1 WO 2012000173A1 CN 2010074715 W CN2010074715 W CN 2010074715W WO 2012000173 A1 WO2012000173 A1 WO 2012000173A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
permeable
storage system
collecting
storage container
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/074715
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
秦升益
Original Assignee
北京仁创科技集团有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京仁创科技集团有限公司 filed Critical 北京仁创科技集团有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2010/074715 priority Critical patent/WO2012000173A1/zh
Publication of WO2012000173A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012000173A1/zh

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
    • E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
    • E03B3/03—Special vessels for collecting or storing rain-water for use in the household, e.g. water-butts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
    • E03B3/40—Other devices for confining, e.g. trenches, drainage
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F11/00—Cesspools
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a water collecting and water filtering purifying and utilizing device, in particular to a water collecting and purifying storage system capable of maintaining water quality and satisfying a large amount of water seepage and water storage requirements.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the water collecting and purifying storage system.
  • the system includes: an upper water storage container, the container wall is waterproof structure a collecting well located inside the water storage tank, the collecting well is provided with a well cover, the well wall is a water permeable structure, and water exchange can be performed with the water storage container; wherein the collecting well and the water storage container are filled with fine sand filler and filler It is covered with a permeable surface.
  • the system can achieve the purpose of water collection and purification storage, since the filling between the water storage container and the collecting well of the system is all fine sand packing, the water storage space is small, the water storage capacity is poor, and When the rainwater is in a hurry, the rainwater cannot be infiltrated into the water storage system in time, resulting in waste of water resources. At the same time, it is impossible to input the water collection system into the water storage system for filtration and infiltration.
  • the present invention provides a water collection and purification storage system, the water collection and purification storage system comprising: a water storage container, the container wall of the water storage container is a waterproof structure, the top of the water storage container is open, the water storage The container is filled with a packing; the collecting well is located inside the water storage container and embedded in the packing, wherein the water collecting and purifying storage system further comprises a water permeable ditch, and the water permeable ditch is disposed in the water storage container The inner wall is in communication with the water collecting well, and the water permeable channel is in communication with the outside of the water storage container.
  • the water permeable trench may be one or more channel structures, and the channel structure may be disposed in the water storage
  • the upper portion, the middle portion or the lower portion of the container is preferably disposed at an upper portion of the water storage container to facilitate communication between the water permeable groove and the outside of the water storage container, thereby facilitating introduction of external water into the water permeable groove.
  • the water permeable trench is a channel structure disposed along the entire periphery of the upper portion of the water storage container.
  • the permeable ditches may be embedded in the filler, and the filler supports the permeable ditches.
  • the plurality of channel structures may be parallel or staggered with each other.
  • the permeable ditches may communicate with the outside of the water storage container through a water delivery conduit outside the water storage container to introduce external water into the permeable water ditches. Water introduced into the permeable ditch is temporarily stored therein and infiltrated into the water storage container.
  • the permeable channel is made of a water permeable material.
  • the size of the permeable groove is not particularly limited, and an appropriate size can be selected according to actual needs.
  • the thickness of the trench wall of the water permeable trench is preferably 10-100 mm.
  • the volume of the water permeable trench is preferably from 1 to 15%, more preferably from 3 to 10%, of the volume of the water storage container.
  • the volume of the permeable channel refers to the total volume of the plurality of channel structures.
  • the water permeable material may include an aggregate and a binder of the bonded aggregate, and the binder is at least partially a hydrophilic resin binder, and the weight ratio of the aggregate to the binder is 100 : 1-20.
  • the binder is at least partially a hydrophilic resin binder, and the weight ratio of the aggregate to the binder is 100 : 1-20.
  • the binder may also include other kinds of binders such as epoxy resins, polyurethanes, polyacrylates.
  • the hydrophilic resin binder may be 1-100% by weight, preferably 5-100% by weight, based on the total amount of the binder.
  • the aggregate may be various hard and water-insoluble materials, preferably at least one of quartz sand, fly ash, and smelting waste.
  • the aggregate may have an average particle diameter of from 0.07 mm to 2.0 mm.
  • the hydrophilic resin binder may be any of various hydrophilic resins capable of binding, and is preferably at least one of a hydrophilic epoxy resin, a hydrophilic polyurethane, and a hydrophilic acrylic resin.
  • the hydrophilic epoxy resin may be an epoxy resin having a hydrophilic carboxylate, a sulfonate, an ammonium salt, a hydroxyl group, or a main chain containing a nonionic hydrophilic segment.
  • the hydrophilic epoxy resin is commercially available.
  • the hydrophilic polyurethane may be a polyurethane having a hydrophilic carboxylate, a sulfonate, an ammonium salt, a hydroxyl group, or a main chain containing a nonionic hydrophilic segment.
  • the hydrophilic polyurethane is commercially available.
  • the hydrophilic acrylic resin may be an acrylic resin in which a side chain contains a hydrophilic carboxylate, a sulfonate, an ammonium salt, a hydroxyl group, or a main chain containing a nonionic hydrophilic segment.
  • the hydrophilic acrylic resin is commercially available.
  • the permeable ditch can be obtained by adding a water permeable material to a mold and then solidifying.
  • the water collection and purification storage system may further comprise a permeable surface layer, the permeable surface layer being located at the reservoir An upper portion of the water container for covering at least a portion of the opening of the water storage container and the top of the water permeable trench, the water permeable surface layer may be laid by a water permeable brick or directly laid by a water permeable material, and the water permeable brick may be made of a water permeable material production.
  • the water permeable surface layer is laid by a water permeable brick, and the water permeable brick is covered on the water permeable trench so that the dirt deposited in the water permeable trench can be removed from the water permeable brick covered thereon. Get cleaned.
  • the water permeable surface layer may be laid by a water permeable brick having a gravel layer under the water permeable brick, and a leveling layer is further disposed between the water permeable brick and the gravel layer, wherein the water permeable trench is located in the gravel layer Below.
  • the water permeable surface layer may have a thickness of 20 to 200 mm.
  • the water permeable material for forming the water permeable surface layer can be selectively used within the range of the water permeable material for forming the water permeable groove.
  • the filler may be a conventional filler such as fine sand.
  • the filler preferably includes a water storage article made of a water permeable material, the water permeable material defining a cavity.
  • the cavity may be a closed cavity or an open cavity, preferably a closed cavity.
  • the shape of the cavity may be any regular shape or irregular shape, and for the convenience of preparation, it is preferably a regular shape, more preferably a spherical shape or a columnar shape.
  • the number of the cavities may be one or more, and in order to further improve the water filtering effect and the water storage capacity, the number of the cavities is preferably plural.
  • the plurality of cavities are preferably evenly distributed throughout the article. According to this preferred embodiment, the strength of the water storage article can be improved.
  • the volume of the cavity may vary over a wide range, and in order to achieve both a good drainage effect and a water storage capacity, the volume of the cavity is preferably from 10 to 90% of the volume of the water storage product, more preferably storage. 30-70% of the volume of aquatic products.
  • the volume of the cavity refers to the total volume of the plurality of cavities.
  • the volume of the water storage product may be selected according to practical applications, and may be, for example, 1000 to 100,000 cm 3 .
  • the wall thickness of the water storage product is not particularly limited, and an appropriate wall thickness can be selected according to the required strength.
  • the wall thickness of the water storage product may be 15 mm or more, preferably 15-20 mm.
  • the shape of the water storage product may be a sphere, a cylinder, a square, a prism or a truncated cone.
  • the water permeable material may include an aggregate and a binder of the bonded aggregate, and the binder is at least partially a hydrophilic resin binder, and the weight ratio of the aggregate to the binder is 100:1-20.
  • the binder is at least partially a hydrophilic resin binder, and the weight ratio of the aggregate to the binder is 100:1-20.
  • the binder may also include other kinds of binders such as epoxy resins, acrylic resins, polyurethanes.
  • the hydrophilic resin binder may be 1-100% by weight, preferably 10-100% by weight based on the total amount of the binder.
  • the aggregate may be various hard and water-insoluble materials, preferably at least one of quartz sand, fly ash, and smelting waste.
  • the aggregate may have an average particle diameter of from 0.07 mm to 1.6 mm.
  • the hydrophilic resin binder may be any of various hydrophilic resins capable of binding, and is preferably at least one of a hydrophilic epoxy resin, a hydrophilic polyurethane, and a hydrophilic acrylic resin.
  • the hydrophilic epoxy resin may be an epoxy resin having a hydrophilic carboxylate, a sulfonate, an ammonium salt, a hydroxyl group, or a main chain containing a nonionic hydrophilic segment.
  • the hydrophilic epoxy resin is commercially available.
  • the hydrophilic polyurethane may be a polyurethane having a hydrophilic carboxylate, a sulfonate, an ammonium salt, a hydroxyl group, or a main chain containing a nonionic hydrophilic segment.
  • the hydrophilic polyurethane is commercially available.
  • the hydrophilic acrylic resin may be an acrylic resin in which a side chain contains a hydrophilic carboxylate, a sulfonate, an ammonium salt, a hydroxyl group, or a main chain containing a nonionic hydrophilic segment.
  • the hydrophilic acrylic resin is commercially available.
  • the water permeable material may further comprise a curing agent for the hydrophilic resin binder, and the curing agent may be used in an amount conventionally used, preferably from 10 to 60% by weight of the hydrophilic resin binder.
  • the curing agent for the hydrophilic epoxy resin is one or more of a fatty amine curing agent, an alicyclic amine curing agent, an aromatic amine curing agent, a polyamide curing agent, an acid anhydride curing agent, and a tertiary amine curing agent. ;
  • the curing agent for the hydrophilic polyurethane resin is an adduct of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and trimethylolpropane (TMP), toluene diisocyanate and a hydroxyl group-containing prepolymer, toluene diisocyanate. Trimer.
  • the hydroxyl group-containing component may be one or more of a glycol, a polyol, an alcohol amine, an aromatic diamine, and a dicarboxylic acid (anhydride, ester).
  • the method of preparing a water storage article of the present invention may comprise molding a water permeable material into a mold to form the cavity.
  • the cavity of the water storage product is a closed cavity, such as a sphere, it can be prepared by the following steps:
  • the water storage article When the water storage article has an open cavity, it can be prepared by the following steps:
  • demoulding that is, removing the formed wave-shaped plate from the mold
  • a plurality of wave-shaped plates are placed (the corrugations of two adjacent plates are different), and a water-storage product having an open cavity is obtained.
  • a plurality of grooves having a groove are prepared by using a mold, and the obtained plate is placed to obtain a water storage product having an open cavity (the groove forms a cavity).
  • the filler may also include sand.
  • the sand is preferably fine sand, more preferably fine sand after washing, and the particle diameter thereof may be from 0.07 mm to 2 mm.
  • the ratio of sand to water storage products can be 0-5:1.
  • the manner of filling the sand material and the water storage product is not particularly limited, and may be in the following manners: (1) filling the water storage product in a lower portion of the water storage container, and then filling the sand material; (2) Filling the lower part of the water storage container with sand and then filling the water storage product; (3) mixing the water storage product and the sand material into the water storage container; (4) dividing the water storage product and the sand material The layer is filled in the water storage container, that is, the water storage product layer and the sand material layer are sequentially filled.
  • the collecting well may be one or more ports, preferably a plurality of ports, and the plurality of collecting wells are in communication with each other at a lower portion thereof, for example, may be connected by a pipe, and preferably at least one upper collecting hole of the collecting well exposes the water storage container.
  • the distance between any two collection wells is preferably at least 2 meters or more. According to this preferred embodiment, the filtration effect of water can be improved.
  • the distance between the two collection wells is the minimum distance between the well walls of the two collection wells.
  • the wall of the water collecting well is a water permeable structure from the bottom portion of the entire height of 1/5 to 1/2, and the other portion is a waterproof structure.
  • water must pass through the filtration of the packing before it can enter the collection well from the lower portion of the collection well, thereby improving the quality of the water in the collection well.
  • the communication pipe connecting the plurality of water collecting wells is preferably disposed at the bottom of the plurality of water collecting wells, so that the water in the plurality of collecting water wells communicates.
  • the system of the present invention is arranged through a permeable ditch, when the rainwater is rushing, the rainwater can seep into the permeable ditch, and then penetrates through the permeable ditch, thereby alleviating the permeable pressure of the surface permeable structure, and the external water collecting can be large Enter the gully and temporarily store in the gully and infiltrate at the same time.
  • the system of the present invention can cover the permeable bricks on the surface of the permeable ditch to clean the filth deposited in the gully for a long time, and ensure the normal use of the permeable ditch.
  • the filler used in the system of the present invention includes a water storage product, and the water storage product has a large water-receiving space. Therefore, the system has a large water storage capacity and a strong water storage capacity.
  • the rainwater or sewage collected by the invention passes through the filtration of the permeable surface layer and the precipitation filtration of the filler to obtain relatively pure water, and the water is stored in the filler or in the water collecting well, and is not easily deteriorated or smelly.
  • the multi-well connected storage system of the present invention can replenish water from other wells in time when taking water from a well, thereby satisfying the demand for a large amount of water.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a prior art water collection and purification storage system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a water collecting and purifying storage system of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a top plan view of the water collection and purification storage system of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the water collecting and purifying storage system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the water collecting and purifying storage system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the water collecting and purifying storage system of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the water collecting and purifying storage system of FIG. 2.
  • the present invention provides a water collecting method.
  • a purification storage system comprising an upper water storage container 1 , the container wall of the water storage container 1 is a waterproof structure; the water collection well 2 located inside the water storage container 1 , the well wall is a water permeable structure, the collection well 2 and the
  • the water storage container 1 is filled with a filler, wherein the water storage container and the water collecting well are further provided with a water permeable groove 13 communicating with the water delivery pipe 14 outside the water storage container to enable the water to By the loss
  • the water pipe 14 is introduced into the water permeable groove 13 and infiltrated downward by the water permeable groove 13.
  • the present invention differs from the prior art in that the filler includes the mixed fine sand 4 and the water storage product 7, and the water storage product 7 has the cavity 8.
  • the water permeable groove 13 is provided at a peripheral portion of the upper portion of the water storage container, and a through-channel is formed in the periphery thereof.
  • the water collecting and purifying storage system has a water permeable surface layer 5 located on an upper surface layer of the water storage container.
  • the water permeable surface layer 5 is laid by a permeable brick, rainwater is infiltrated through the permeable brick, and rainwater penetrating into the permeable ditch 13 can be temporarily stored in the permeable ditch. At the same time, it penetrates downwards, especially when the rain is rushing, which can alleviate the permeable pressure of the upper permeable structure.
  • the permeable brick is covered on the permeable drain 13 so that the permeable material deposited in the permeable drain 13 due to long-term water seepage can be cleaned by removing the permeable brick covering the permeable drain 13 so that the permeable water
  • the ditch 13 is cleaned in a timely and convenient manner to ensure that the water collecting and purifying system can be used for a long time.
  • the water delivery pipe 14 can be taken out by the confluence system and connected to the ditches 13, and the water collected by the confluence system is introduced into the ditches 13 through the water delivery pipe 14 and infiltrated downward by the ditches 13.
  • the filler comprises mixed fine sand 4 and a plurality of water storage products 7, and the water storage product 7 has a cavity 8 therein, which serves as a water storage space for storing water, wherein the fine sand 4 has purified water.
  • the water stored therein does not deteriorate, so that the collected rainwater or sewage passes through the filtration of the permeable surface layer 5 and the precipitation of the fine sand filler to obtain relatively pure water, and the cavity 8 of the water storage product 7 has a larger
  • the water storage capacity can increase the storage capacity of the water storage container.
  • the water storage product 7 is made of a water permeable material to form a carrier that can be permeable to water inwardly and outwardly, so that water in the fine sand can pass through the wall of the water storage product 7 into its water storage space.
  • the water in the water storage product 7 can also be oozing out into the fine sand 4 and the collecting well 2, and water can be exchanged between the fine sand 4 and the water storage product 7 through the water permeable material.
  • the well wall of the collecting well 2 is a water permeable structure made of a water permeable material, and the water permeable structure has a passage or a hole through which the gas flows, and the water in the fine sand can pass through the permeable well wall into the collecting well 2;
  • the well wall of the collecting well 2 has a circulation passage through which the water supply passes, and the diameter of the circulation passage is smaller than the particle diameter of the fine sand.
  • the water permeable surface layer 5 is paved with a water permeable brick so that rainwater or sewage can pass through the permeable surface layer 5 into the fine sand filler below, the permeable brick being made of a water permeable material.
  • the water in the fine sand 4 can penetrate into the water storage product 7 and the collecting well 2, and the water storage product 7
  • the water may also be oozing from the carrier wall into the fine sand 4 and the collecting well 2, and the water is stored in the fine sand 4, the water storage space 8 of the water storage product 7, and the collecting well 2.
  • the manhole cover 6 is opened and water is withdrawn from the collection well 2, during which the water oozing from the fine sand 4 and the water storage product 7 can be replenished into the collection well 2.
  • the upper diameter of the collecting well 2 exposes the permeable surface layer 5 of the water storage container 1, is open to the atmosphere, and is covered by the manhole cover 6 (the well cover can be waterproof), can be pumped by opening the manhole cover, or the upper part of the collecting well 2 It does not communicate with the atmosphere, but has a pumping passage.
  • the collecting well 2 has one The pumping passage that can be connected to the pump is inserted into the pumping passage through the water pipe to realize pumping.
  • a bottom portion of the water storage container 1 is provided with a joint portion 3 matching the diameter of the water collecting well 2 corresponding to the water collecting well 2, and the joint portion 3 is preferably a boss, and the collecting well 2 is placed in the bottom. Outside the boss.
  • the embodiment can also be modified in various ways without being limited by the above features.
  • the upper part of the permeable drain 13 is provided with a water-impermeable covering body, and water is introduced into the permeable ditch 13 through the water delivery pipe 14, and then the permeable ditch is used. 13 penetrates downwards, and, when rains, rainwater can penetrate downward through the permeable surface.
  • the system when used as a large-scale water storage system, may also have a plurality of water collecting wells 2, wherein the multi-port collecting wells are connected by a connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe connecting the multi-port collecting wells is disposed at the plurality of ports
  • the lower part of the collecting well 2 is such that the water in the plurality of collecting wells 2 is in communication, and the upper diameter of the at least one collecting well 2 exposes the permeable surface layer 5 of the water storage container 1 and communicates with the atmosphere, as the above can be used for pumping water.
  • the collecting well has a corresponding structure.
  • the water permeable surface layer may also be laid directly from the above water permeable material.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the water collecting and purifying storage system of the present invention.
  • the embodiment is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 in that the water permeable surface layer 5 is laid by a permeable brick.
  • the permeable brick has a gravel layer 10 below, and a screed layer 9 is further disposed between the permeable brick and the gravel layer 10, and the permeable channel 13 is located at the Below the gravel layer 10.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the water collecting and purifying storage system of the present invention.
  • the embodiment is different from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 in that the water permeable groove 13 is provided.
  • One or more channel structures on the upper portion of the water storage container, and the plurality of channel structures are arranged in parallel or staggered.
  • the rainwater can penetrate downward through the permeable surface into the permeable trench (as indicated by the arrow above the system), and the water introduced into the permeable drain 13 by the water conduit 14 can be temporarily stored through the permeable drain 13 and simultaneously down Penetration (as indicated by the arrow in the ditches in the figure).
  • the system is only in the soil base layer 11 and has a plurality of water collecting wells 2 connected by the communication pipe 12 to connect the communication pipes of the plurality of water collecting wells 2 12 is disposed at a lower portion of the plurality of water collecting wells 2 such that water in the plurality of water collecting wells 2 is communicated, and at least one of the upper diameters of the collecting wells 2 is exposed to the permeable surface layer 5, and is open to the atmosphere, as the above-mentioned water pumping can be used.
  • the collecting well has a corresponding structure.
  • the above embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the water permeable trench of the water collecting and purifying storage system of the present invention is not limited by the above structure, and may be any other structure, for example, in FIG. 2
  • the water permeable trench may not penetrate, but form a plurality of spaced channel structures around the system; in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the upper portion of the water permeable trench is directly covered by the permeable brick activity, Remove the permeable bricks and clean the gully.
  • the permeable ditches are concentric annular channel structures formed around the collecting wells, and adjacent annular channels are in communication; and, the above embodiment mainly describes the structural aspect in which the permeable ditches are disposed on the upper portion of the water storage container, however It should be noted that the structure of the above-mentioned embodiment of the water permeable trench can also be disposed at different positions in the middle portion, the lower portion, and the like of the water storage container, that is, the water permeable groove can be disposed between the water storage container and the water collecting well. And any position in the longitudinal direction, as long as the ditches can be realized The temporary water storage and water seepage function can meet the requirements of the present invention.
  • the multi-well water storage system of the present invention can be used for rainwater collection and storage in arid areas, as well as for other sewage treatments, and can also be applied to the improvement of mother leeches in arid regions.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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Description

一种水收集净化储存系统 技术领域
本发明涉及水收集、 水过滤净化利用装置， 尤其涉及一种可保持水质并满 足大量渗水及储水要求的水收集净化储存系统。 背景技术
目前， 全球能源、水资源匮乏， 世界各地缺水的地方很多， 很多缺水地区， 人们的饮用水成了问题， 为了解决这些地区的缺水问题， 很多地区打水井， 但地 下水仍短缺，这些井经常靠雨水、河水等维持，水质没有经过过滤， 不适合饮用； 水在长时间沉集后可清澈些， 但时间长水容易变臭， 变质； 而且靠雨水维持的井 水很快就渗入地下， 或蒸发掉。
中国专利申请 CN101046103A公开了一种水收集净化储存系统， 图 1为该 水收集净化储存系统的剖面示意图， 如图 1所示， 该系统包括： 上面开口的储水 容器， 该容器壁为防水结构； 位于储水容器内部的集水井， 集水井设有井盖， 井 壁为透水结构， 可与储水容器之间进行水交换； 其中， 集水井和储水容器之间填 充有细砂填料，填料上面铺有透水表层。该系统虽然可以达到水收集净化储存的 目的，但是， 由于该系统的储水容器与集水井之间填充的全部为细砂填料，因此， 其储水空间小， 储水能力较差， 并且， 当雨水湍急时， 雨水不能够及时的渗入储 水系统，造成水资源的浪费， 同时也无法将外界集水大量而有效的输入储水系统 中进行过滤渗透。
因此， 人们迫切需要一种可将雨水等收集净化并且具有较大的储存能力的 系统，使得雨水湍急或者外界输入大量集水时， 水可以有效的渗入并储存于储水 系统中。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种水收集净化储存系统， 以解决现有技术的储水 装置不能满足雨水湍急或外界大量输水时大量渗水要求的技术问题。
为实现上述目的， 本发明提供一种水收集净化储存系统， 该水收集净化储 存系统包括： 储水容器， 该储水容器的容器壁为防水结构， 该储水容器的顶部开 口， 该储水容器中填充有填料； 集水井， 该集水井位于储水容器内部并且嵌在所 述填料中， 其特征在于， 该水收集净化储存系统还包括透水沟， 该透水沟设置于 所述储水容器的内壁与所述集水井之间， 并且， 该透水沟与所述储水容器的外部 连通。
所述透水沟可以为一条或多条沟道结构， 该沟道结构可以设置于所述储水 容器的上部、 中部或下部， 优选设置在所述储水容器的上部， 以利于透水沟与所 述储水容器的外部连通， 从而方便地把外界的水引入到透水沟中。所述透水沟更 优选为沿着所述储水容器上部的整个周边设置的一条沟道结构。透水沟可以嵌在 所述填料中， 填料对透水沟起支撑作用。
当所述透水沟为多条沟道结构时，多条沟道结构可以相互平行或交错设置。 所述透水沟可以通过所述储水容器外部的输水管道而与所述储水容器的外 部连通，从而把外界的水引入到透水沟中。引入到透水沟中的水临时储存在里面， 并且渗透进入所述储水容器。
所述透水沟由透水材料制成。 对所述透水沟的尺寸没有特别的限定， 可以 根据实际需要选择合适的大小。为了实现良好的临水储水和渗水效果， 透水沟的 沟壁的厚度优选为 10-100mm。 透水沟的容积优选为所述储水容器的容积的 1-15% , 更优选为 3-10%。 当所述透水沟为多条沟道结构时， 透水沟的容积是指 多条沟道结构的总容积。
所述透水材料可以包括骨料及粘结骨料的粘结剂，并且所述粘结剂至少部分 为亲水性树脂粘结剂， 所述骨料与所述粘结剂的重量比为 100:1-20。在制备储水 沟的过程中， 多个骨料颗粒之间存在空隙， 粘结剂的用量在上述范围内时， 既可 以保证将骨料颗粒粘结在一起，又可以使多个骨料颗粒之间的空隙没有全部被粘 结剂充满， 因此， 制得的透水沟可以透过水， 即水可以通过多个骨料颗粒之间的 空隙。
除了所述亲水性树脂粘合剂之外， 所述粘合剂还可以包括其它种类的粘合 剂， 例如环氧树脂、 聚氨酯、 聚丙烯酸酯。 所述亲水性树脂粘结剂可以为所述粘 结剂总量的 1-100重量％， 优选为 5-100重量％。
所述骨料可以为各种硬质且不溶于水的材料， 优选为石英砂、粉煤灰、 冶炼 废渣中的至少一种。 所述的骨料的平均粒径可以为 0.07毫米 -2.0毫米。
所述亲水性树脂粘结剂可以为各种能够起到粘结作用的亲水性树脂，优选为 亲水性环氧树脂、 亲水性聚氨酯和亲水性丙烯酸树脂中的至少一种。
所述亲水性环氧树脂可以为侧链含有亲水性的羧酸盐、磺酸盐、铵盐、羟基， 或主链含有非离子型亲水链段的环氧树脂。 所述亲水性环氧树脂可以商购得到。
所述亲水性聚氨酯可以为侧链含有亲水性的羧酸盐、 磺酸盐、 铵盐、 羟基， 或主链含有非离子型亲水链段的聚氨酯。 所述亲水性聚氨酯可以商购得到。
所述亲水性丙烯酸树脂可以为侧链含有亲水性的羧酸盐、 磺酸盐、 铵盐、 羟基， 或主链含有非离子型亲水链段的丙烯酸树脂。所述亲水性丙烯酸树脂可以 商购得到。
所述透水沟可以通过将透水性材料加入到模具中压实， 然后固化而得到。 其中， 水收集净化储存系统还可以包括透水表层， 该透水表层位于所述储 水容器的上部， 用于覆盖所述储水容器的开口和所述透水沟的顶部的至少一部 分，所述透水表层可以由透水砖铺设或由透水材料直接铺设， 所述透水砖可以由 透水材料制成。
优选地， 所述透水表层由透水砖铺设， 并且， 所述透水砖活动覆盖于所述 透水沟之上，以使所述透水沟内沉积的污浊物能够在覆盖于其上的透水砖移开得 到清洗。
并且， 所述透水表层可以由透水砖铺设， 所述透水砖下方具有砾石层， 并 且，在所述透水砖及所述砾石层之间还具有找平层， 所述透水沟位于所述砾石层 的下方。
所述透水表层的厚度可以为 20-200mm。 用于形成透水表层的透水性材料 可以在用于形成所述透水沟的透水性材料的范围内选择使用。
其中， 所述填料可以为常规的填料， 例如细砂。 为了增加本发明的系统的储 水能力， 所述填料优选包括一种储水制品， 该储水制品由透水性材料制成， 所述 透水性材料限定出空腔。
所述空腔可以为封闭的空腔， 也可以为开口的空腔， 优选为封闭的空腔。 所述空腔的形状可以为任意规则的形状或者不规则的形状， 为了便于制备， 优选为规则的形状， 更优选为球状或柱状。
所述空腔的个数可以为一个或多个， 为了进一步提高滤水效果和储水能力， 所述空腔的个数优选为多个。
所述多个空腔优选在制品中均匀分布。按照该优选实施方式， 可以提高储水 制品的强度。
所述空腔的体积可以在很大范围内变动，为了同时实现良好的滤水效果和储 水能力， 所述空腔的体积优选为储水制品的体积的 10-90%， 更优选为储水制品 的体积的 30-70%。 当所述空腔的个数是多个时， 所述空腔的体积是指多个空腔 的总体积。
所述储水制品的体积可以根据实际应用进行选择， 例如可以为 1000-100000cm3。
对储水制品的壁厚没有特别限定， 可以根据所需的强度选择合适的壁厚， 例 如储水制品的壁厚可以为 15mm以上， 优选为 15-20mm。
所述储水制品的形状可以为球体、 柱体、 四方体、 棱台或圆台体。
所述透水性材料可以包括骨料及粘结骨料的粘结剂，并且所述粘结剂至少部 分为亲水性树脂粘结剂， 所述骨料与所述粘结剂的重量比为 100:1-20。在制备储 水制品的过程中， 多个骨料颗粒之间存在空隙， 粘结剂的用量在上述范围内时， 既可以保证将骨料颗粒粘结在一起，又可以使多个骨料颗粒之间的空隙没有全部 被粘结剂充满， 因此， 制得的储水制品可以透过水， 即水可以通过多个骨料颗粒 之间的空隙而进入所述空腔。
除了所述亲水性树脂粘合剂之外， 所述粘合剂还可以包括其它种类的粘合 剂， 例如环氧树脂、 丙烯酸树脂、 聚氨酯。 所述亲水性树脂粘结剂可以为所述粘 结剂总量的 1-100重量％， 优选为 10-100重量％。
所述骨料可以为各种硬质且不溶于水的材料， 优选为石英砂、粉煤灰、 冶炼 废渣中的至少一种。 所述的骨料的平均粒径可以为 0.07毫米 -1.6毫米。
所述亲水性树脂粘结剂可以为各种能够起到粘结作用的亲水性树脂，优选为 亲水性环氧树脂、 亲水性聚氨酯和亲水性丙烯酸树脂中的至少一种。
所述亲水性环氧树脂可以为侧链含有亲水性的羧酸盐、磺酸盐、铵盐、羟基， 或主链含有非离子型亲水链段的环氧树脂。 所述亲水性环氧树脂可以商购得到。
所述亲水性聚氨酯可以为侧链含有亲水性的羧酸盐、 磺酸盐、 铵盐、 羟基， 或主链含有非离子型亲水链段的聚氨酯。 所述亲水性聚氨酯可以商购得到。
所述亲水性丙烯酸树脂可以为侧链含有亲水性的羧酸盐、磺酸盐、铵盐、羟 基， 或主链含有非离子型亲水链段的丙烯酸树脂。所述亲水性丙烯酸树脂可以商 购得到。
所述透水性材料还可以包括用于所述亲水性树脂粘合剂的固化剂，固化剂的 用量可以为其常规用量， 优选为亲水性树脂粘合剂的 10-60重量％。
用于所述亲水性环氧树脂的固化剂为脂肪胺固化剂、 脂环胺固化剂、 芳香 胺固化剂、 聚酰胺固化剂、 酸酐固化剂、 叔胺固化剂中的一种或几种；
用于所述亲水性聚氨酯树脂的固化剂为甲苯二异氰酸酯 （TDI) 和三羟甲基 丙烷（TMP) 的加成物， 甲苯二异氰酸酯和含羟基组份的预聚物、 甲苯二异氰酸 酯的三聚体。 所述含羟基组份可以为二元醇、 多元醇、 醇胺、 芳香族二元胺和二 元羧酸 （酐、 酯） 中的一种或多种。
本发明储水制品的制备方法可以包括将透水性材料放入模具中成型，以形成 所述空腔。
当所述储水制品的空腔为封闭的空腔，例如为球体时， 可以通过以下步骤制 备：
( 1 ) 提供一种半球形模具， 该半球形模具包括两个半径不同的半球体； (2) 将所述透水性材料填充到两个半球体之间的空间中， 并且压实；
(3) 使透水性材料中的粘合剂固化； (4) 脱模， 即从模具中取出半球形的储水制品；
( 5 ) 重复上述步骤 （2) - (4)， 制得又一个半球形的储水制品；
( 6)将两个半球形的储水制品的开口对接粘合， 即可得到球形的储水制品。 本领域技术人员根据上述步骤， 可以容易地选择其它形状的模具， 从而制备 其它形状的具有封闭空腔的储水制品。
当所述储水制品具有开口的空腔时， 可以通过以下步骤制备：
( 1 ) 提供一种用于制备波浪型板的模具；
(2) 将所述透水性材料填充到模具中， 并且压实；
( 3 ) 使透水性材料中的粘合剂固化；
(4) 脱模， 即从模具中取出形成的波浪型板材；
( 5 ) 重复上述步骤 （2) - (4)， 制得波浪型板材；
( 6) 将多个波浪型板材码放 （相邻两个板材的波纹不同）， 即可得到具有 开口的空腔的储水制品。 或者， 利用模具制备多个具有凹槽的板， 将制得的板码 放即可得到具有开口的空腔的储水制品 （凹槽形成空腔）。
当所述储水制品具有封闭的空腔时， 所述填料还可以包括砂料。 所述砂料 优选为细沙， 更优选为经过水洗后的细沙， 其颗粒的粒径可以为 0.07mm-2mm。 砂料与储水制品的用量比可以为 0-5: 1。对砂料和所述储水制品的填充方式没有 特别的限定，可以按照以下几种方式：（1 )在储水容器的下部填充所述储水制品， 然后再填充砂料；（2)在在储水容器的下部填充砂料，然后再填充所述储水制品； ( 3 ) 将储水制品和砂料混合后填充到储水容器中； （4) 将储水制品和砂料分多 层填充在储水容器中， 即储水制品层和砂料层依次填充。
其中， 所述集水井可以为一口或多口， 优选为多口， 并且， 多口集水井在其 下部相互连通，例如可以通过管道连通， 并且优选至少一口集水井的上部口径露 出所述储水容器。
任意两个集水井之间的距离优选至少为 2米以上， 按照该优选实施方式， 可 以提高水的过滤效果。所述两个集水井之间的距离是指两个集水井的井壁之间的 最小距离。
优选地，所述集水井的壁从底部起占整个高度的 1/5至 1/2的部分为透水结 构， 其它部分为防水结构。 按照该优选实施方式， 水必须经过填料的过滤之后， 才能从集水井的下部进入集水井中， 从而提高集水井中水的质量。
其中，连通所述多口集水井的连通管道优选设置在所述多口集水井的底部， 使得多口集水井中的水相通。
与现有技术相比， 本发明的有益效果： 1、本发明的系统通过透水沟的设置， 当雨水湍急时， 雨水可以渗入透水沟 中， 再由透水沟往下渗透， 从而缓解其表面透水结构的透水压力， 并且， 可以将 外界集水大量输入透水沟， 并在透水沟中临时储存并同时渗透。
2、本发明的系统通过于透水沟表面活动覆盖透水砖，可以将长时间使用后 透水沟中沉积的污浊物及时清理， 保证透水沟的正常使用。
3、本发明的系统使用的填料包括储水制品，储水制品具有较大的容水空间， 因此， 该系统的储水量大， 储水能力强。
4、 本发明所收集的雨水或污水， 经过透水表层的过滤和填料的沉淀过滤， 得到了较纯净的水， 而且， 水保存在填料中或集水井内， 不易变质、 发臭。
5、本发明中多井连通的储存系统可以在从一口井取水时，及时从其它井补 充水， 进而满足了大量用水的需求。 附图说明
图 1为现有技术的水收集净化储存系统的剖面示意图；
图 2为本发明的水收集净化储存系统的一种实施方式的剖面示意图;
图 3为图 2的水收集净化储存系统的俯视图；
图 4为本发明水收集净化储存系统的另一实施方式的剖面示意图； 图 5为本发明水收集净化储存系统的再一实施方式的剖面示意图。
其中， 附图标记：
储水容器 2、 集水井
结合部 4、 细砂
透水表层 6、 井盖
储水制品 8、 空腔
找平层 10、 砾石层
土基层 12、 连通管道
透水沟 14、 输水管道 具体实施方式
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述：
图 2为本发明的水收集净化储存系统的一实施方式的剖面示意图， 图 3为 图 2的水收集净化储存系统的俯视图， 如图 2及图 3所示， 本发明提出了一种水 收集净化储存系统， 该系统包括上面开口的储水容器 1， 该储水容器 1的容器壁 为防水结构； 位于储水容器 1内部的集水井 2， 井壁为透水结构， 该集水井 2与 该储水容器 1之间填充有填料，其中， 该储水容器及该集水井之间还设置有透水 沟 13， 该透水沟 13与该储水容器外部的输水管道 14连通， 以使水能够由该输 水管道 14输入该透水沟 13并由该透水沟 13往下渗透。 并且， 本发明与现有技 术的不同还在于填料包括混合的细砂 4及储水制品 7， 并且， 该储水制品 7具有 空腔 8。
其中，在该较佳实施方式中，该透水沟 13设置于该储水容器上部的周边位 置， 在其周边形成贯通的沟道。 该水收集净化储存系统具有透水表层 5， 位于该 储水容器的上部表层， 该透水表层 5由透水砖铺设， 雨水通过透水砖渗入， 并且 渗入透水沟 13中的雨水可以在透水沟中暂时储存并同时向下渗透， 尤其在雨水 湍急时， 可以缓解上部透水结构的透水压力。 并且， 该透水砖活动覆盖于该透水 沟 13之上， 因此， 通过移开覆盖于该透水沟 13上的透水砖， 可以清理该透水沟 13内因长期渗水过滤沉积下来的污浊物，使得该透水沟 13及时方便的得到清理， 保证该水收集净化系统可以长期使用。
其中， 该输水管道 14可以由汇流系统引出并接入该透水沟 13， 将该汇流 系统收集的水通过该输水管道 14引入该透水沟 13， 并由该透水沟 13往下渗透。
其中， 所述填料包括混合的细砂 4及多个储水制品 7， 储水制品 7内部具 有空腔 8， 该空腔用作储水空间， 可以储水， 其中细砂 4具有净化水的功能， 储 存于其中的水不会变质，使得收集的雨水或污水经过透水表层 5的过滤和细沙填 料的沉淀过滤后得到了较纯净的水，而储水制品 7的空腔 8具有较大的储水容量， 可以使储水容器的储存容量增加。
所述储水制品 7由透水材料制成， 从而形成一可以向内及向外双向透水的 载体，使得细砂中的水可以透过所述储水制品 7壁部进入其储水空间中， 以增加 水的储存量， 同时， 储水制品 7内的水也可以渗出进入细砂 4及集水井 2中， 通 过透水材料， 细砂 4与储水制品 7之间可以进行水交换。
另外， 所述集水井 2的井壁是由透水材料制成的透水结构， 该透水结构具 有气体流通的通路或孔道， 细砂中的水可以透过透水井壁进入集水井 2中； 或者 所述集水井 2的井壁具有供水通过的流通孔道，所述流通孔道的直径小于所述细 砂的粒径。 并且， 所述透水表层 5为透水砖铺设， 以使雨水或污水可以透过透水 表层 5进入下面的细砂填料中， 所述透水砖由透水材料制成。 因此， 在使用状态 下， 由于细砂 4、 储水制品 7、 集水井 2之间可以进行水交换， 细砂 4中的水可 以渗入储水制品 7及集水井 2中，储水制品 7中的水也可以由载体壁渗出进入细 砂 4及集水井 2中， 水会储存于细砂 4、 储水制品 7的储水空间 8以及集水井 2 中。 当需要用水时， 打开井盖 6， 将水从集水井 2中抽出， 在此过程中， 细砂 4 及储水制品 7中渗出的水可以补充进入集水井 2中。
其中， 该集水井 2的上部口径露出所述储水容器 1的透水表层 5， 与大气 相通， 并以井盖 6 (该井盖可以防水）覆盖， 通过打开井盖可进行抽水， 或者该 集水井 2上部并不与大气相通， 而是具有抽水通路， 例如， 该集水井 2具有一个 可以与抽水泵连通的抽水通路， 通过抽水管插入该抽水通路中实现抽水。 并且， 该储水容器 1底部对应于该抽水用集水井 2的位置设有与该集水井 2口径相匹配 的结合部 3， 所述结合部 3优选为凸台， 该集水井 2套置在凸台外。
当然， 该实施方式也可以做多种变形， 而不受上述特征的限定， 例如： 该 透水沟 13上部设置不透水覆盖体， 将水通过输水管道 14引入透水沟 13中， 再 由透水沟 13向下渗透， 并且， 降雨时， 雨水可以通过透水表层向下渗透。 另外， 该系统在作为大型储水系统使用时， 也可以具有多口集水井 2， 该多口集水井之 间由连通管道连通， 连通所述多口集水井的连通管道设置于所述多口集水井 2的 下部， 使得多口集水井 2中的水相通， 并且， 至少一口集水井 2的上部口径露出 所述储水容器 1的透水表层 5， 与大气相通， 作为上述可以用于抽水的集水井， 并具有相应的结构。 再者， 该透水表层也可以由上述透水材料直接铺设。
图 4为本发明水收集净化储存系统的另一实施方式的剖面示意图， 如图所 示， 该实施例与图 2所示的实施方式的不同之处在于， 所述透水表层 5由透水砖 铺设， 为了增加水收集净化储存系统的强度， 所述透水砖下方具有砾石层 10， 并且， 在所述透水砖及所述砾石层 10之间还具有找平层 9， 所述透水沟 13位于 所述砾石层 10的下方。
图 5为本发明水收集净化储存系统的再一实施方式的剖面示意图， 如图 5 所示， 该实施例与图 2、 3所示的实施方式的不同之处在于， 该透水沟 13为设 置于所述储水容器上部的一条或多条沟道结构，并且所述多条沟道结构平行或交 错设置。其中， 雨水可以通过透水表层向下渗透进入透水沟（如系统上方箭头所 示）， 并且， 由该输水管道 14引入该透水沟 13中的水可以通过该透水沟 13暂时 储存并同时向下渗透 （如图中透水沟处箭头所示）。 另外， 在该实施例中， 该系 统仅处于土基层 11中， 并具有多口集水井 2， 该多口集水井 2之间由连通管道 12连通， 连通所述多口集水井 2的连通管道 12设置于所述多口集水井 2的下部， 使得多口集水井 2中的水相通， 并且， 至少一口集水井 2的上部口径露出透水表 层 5， 与大气相通， 作为上述可以用于抽水的集水井， 并具有相应的结构。
当然， 以上实施方式仅为本发明的较佳的实施态样， 然而， 本发明的水收 集净化储存系统的透水沟不受上述结构的限制，其可以为任何其他的结构，例如， 在图 2的实施例中， 该透水沟可以并不贯通， 而是在该系统周边形成几段分隔的 沟道结构； 在图 5所示的实施例中， 该透水沟上部直接由透水砖活动覆盖， 通过 移开透水砖对透水沟进行清理。或者， 该透水沟为围绕集水井形成的同心环形沟 道结构， 相邻的环形沟道之间连通； 并且， 上述实施方式主要描述了该透水沟设 置于储水容器上部的结构态样， 然而， 需要说明的是， 该透水沟的上述实施例的 结构同样可以设置于该储水容器的中部、 下部等不同位置， 即， 该透水沟可以设 置于该储水容器及该集水井之间横向及纵向的任意位置，只要该透水沟能够实现 临时储水并渗水功能即可满足本发明的要求。
另外， 本发明的多井储水系统既可以在干旱地区作为雨水收集储存用， 也 可用于其他污水的处理， 还可以应用于干旱地区中母亲水窖的改良。
应当指出的是： 本发明还可有其他多种实施例， 在不背离本发明精神及构 思的情况下， 本领域的普通技术人员可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变化， 但这些相应的改变和变化都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种水收集净化储存系统， 该水收集净化储存系统包括： 储水容器， 该 储水容器的容器壁为防水结构， 该储水容器的顶部开口， 该储水容器中填充有填 料； 集水井， 该集水井位于储水容器内部并且嵌在所述填料中， 其特征在于， 该 水收集净化储存系统还包括透水沟，该透水沟设置于所述储水容器的内壁与所述 集水井之间， 并且， 该透水沟与所述储水容器的外部连通。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其中， 所述透水沟为设置 于所述储水容器上部的一条或多条沟道结构。
3、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其中， 所述透水沟为 沿着所述储水容器上部的整个周边设置的一条沟道结构。
4、 根据权利要求 1-3中的任意一项所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其中， 所 述透水沟由透水材料制成。
5、 根据权利要求 1-4中的任意一项所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其中， 透 水沟的沟壁的厚度优选为 10-100mm。
6、 根据权利要求 1-4中的任意一项所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其中， 透 水沟的容积为所述储水容器的容积的 1-15%。
7、根据权利要求 1所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其中， 该水收集净化储存 系统还包括透水表层， 该透水表层位于所述储水容器的上部， 用于覆盖所述储水 容器的开口和所述透水沟的顶部的至少一部分，所述透水表层由透水砖铺设或由 透水材料直接铺设， 所述透水砖由透水材料制成。
8、根据权利要求 7所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其特征在于， 所述透水表 层由透水砖铺设， 所述透水砖下方具有砾石层， 并且， 在所述透水砖及所述砾石 层之间还具有找平层， 所述透水沟位于所述砾石层的下方。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其特征在于， 所述填料包 括储水制品， 该储水制品由透水性材料制成， 所述透水性材料限定出空腔。
10、根据权利要求 9所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其中， 所述空腔为封闭的 空腔。
11、 根据权利要求 9或 10所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其中， 所述空腔的 形状为球状或柱状。
12、 根据权利要求 9-11 中任意一项所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其中， 所 述空腔的个数为多个。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其中， 所述多个空腔在 制品中均匀分布。
14、 根据权利要求 9-13 中任意一项所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其中， 所 述空腔的总体积为储水制品的体积的 20-90%。
15、 根据权利要求 14所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其中， 所述空腔的总体 积为储水制品的体积的 50-80%。
16、 根据权利要求 9-15 中任意一项所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其中， 所 述的储水制品的体积为 1000- 100000cm3。
17、 根据权利要求 4、 7或 9所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其中， 所述透水 性材料包括骨料及粘结剂， 并且所述粘结剂至少部分为亲水性树脂粘结剂， 所述 骨料与所述粘结剂的重量比为 100: 1-20。
18、 根据权利要求 17所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其中， 所述骨料为石英 砂、 粉煤灰和冶炼废渣中的至少一种； 和 /或， 所述亲水性树脂粘结剂为亲水性 环氧树脂、 亲水性聚氨酯和亲水性丙烯酸树脂中的至少一种。
19、 根据权利要求 1所述的水收集净化储存系统， 其中， 所述集水井为多 口， 并且， 多口集水井在其下部相互连通， 至少一口集水井的上部口径露出所述 储水容器。
20、 根据权利要求 1或 19所述的水净化储存系统， 其中， 所述集水井壁从 底部起占整个高度的 1/5至 1/2的部分为透水结构， 其它部分为防水结构。
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