WO2011162630A1 - Photochromic panel having variable transparency - Google Patents

Photochromic panel having variable transparency Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011162630A1
WO2011162630A1 PCT/RS2011/000009 RS2011000009W WO2011162630A1 WO 2011162630 A1 WO2011162630 A1 WO 2011162630A1 RS 2011000009 W RS2011000009 W RS 2011000009W WO 2011162630 A1 WO2011162630 A1 WO 2011162630A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
panel
radiation
transparency
photochromic
electrical
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RS2011/000009
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2011162630A4 (en
Inventor
Zeljko Mandic
Original Assignee
Zeljko Mandic
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zeljko Mandic filed Critical Zeljko Mandic
Publication of WO2011162630A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011162630A1/en
Publication of WO2011162630A4 publication Critical patent/WO2011162630A4/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B32B17/10045—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/10055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet with at least one intermediate air space
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
    • B32B17/10486—Variable transmission photochromic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
    • B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B2009/2464—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds featuring transparency control by applying voltage, e.g. LCD, electrochromic panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/0126—Opto-optical modulation, i.e. control of one light beam by another light beam, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/08—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 light absorbing layer
    • G02F2201/086—UV absorbing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/14—Materials and properties photochromic
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/62—Switchable arrangements whereby the element being usually not switchable

Definitions

  • a control variable transparency panel belongs to the field of civil engineering, fixed or movable gaskets of openings on building constructions, vehicles, etc., for example, on windows, and/or shelters and safety devices with openings with or w ithout the mechanisms for moving, curtains or other safety devices preventing the passage of light, i.e., they serve as protection from outside views, as well as to optical systems used for regulating light, and/or for managing light intensity.
  • the control variable transparency panel resolves the problem of placing curtains on windows of building constructions, vehicles, etc., which may regulate the transparency of the opening ranging from comparatively maximum transparency to comparatively minimal transparency, and/or darkening, i .e., resolves the problem of construction of the curtain integrated in the insulation panel which is used in architectural-construction and other applications, and which enables a sufficient level of different protection characteristics, which is reliable and long-lasting during exploitation, while the procedure of its manufacturing, assembling, management, maintenance, dismantling and repair may be standardized, enabling a potential replacement of existing windows without curtains, or windows with classical curtains with this control variable transparency panel, according to the invention.
  • the conlrol variable transparency panel further resolves the problem of use of photochromic curtains as passive protective devices, i.e., devices whose protective features depend exclusively on natural sunlight LJV radiation and enables the construction of photochromic curtains as active protective devices, i.e., device whose protective features absolutely do not depend on external factors such as natural sunlight U V radiation, but on the will of a curtain user who can control and regulate the level of the curtain's protective features.
  • passive protective devices i.e., devices whose protective features depend exclusively on natural sunlight LJV radiation
  • active protective devices i.e., device whose protective features absolutely do not depend on external factors such as natural sunlight U V radiation, but on the will of a curtain user who can control and regulate the level of the curtain's protective features.
  • control variable transparency panel further resolves the problem of achieving the efficient protection of privacy from outside views, as well as the protection from temperature, sounds and mechanical influence of the environment, light protection, particularly from sunlight and heat.
  • Modem practice uses photochromatie curtains produced in the form of glass panels of type: "Coming”, in the form of passive insulation panels that do not have adequate protective characteristics, in the first place due to a rather slow reaction to changes of control factors, i.e., the change of intensity of natural sunlight U V radiation.
  • Photochromic plastic films - panels are comparatively colourless and very transparent to visible l ight when they are not exposed to natural sunlight UV radiation. When plastic photochromic films - panels are exposed to natural sunlight UV radiation they become coloured and thus less transparent to visible light.
  • the colour of photochromic plastic fi lms - panels and the speed of reaction to the change of intensity of UV radiation depends on the type of the injected photochromic pigment, while the transparency to v isible light is in counter proportional dependence on the intensity of UV radiation panels are exposed to.
  • control variable transparency panel is based on the construction of the optical system eliminating the effects of natural sunlight UV radiation on photochromic panel, at the same time enabling the influence of an independent regulatory electrical source of UV radiation to photochromic panel.
  • control variable transparency panel according to this invention, will be presented and described with reference to the accompanying drafts in which:
  • Figure 1 - shows a basic principle of operation of the control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, by eliminating the effects of natural sunlight UV radiation, at the same time under the impact of an independent regulatory electrical source of UV radiation on the photochromic panel;
  • Figure 2 - shows a simplified schematic illustration of one of potential manners of use and spatial distribution of regulatory electrical sources of UV radiation on the control variable transparency panel of a square or similar shape;
  • Figure 3 - shows a simplified schematic i llustration of one of potential manners of use and spatial distribution of regulatory electrical sources of UV radiation on the control variable transparency panel of a rectangular or similar shape;
  • Figure 4 - shows in the vertical cross-section the basic principle of construction of the control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, with one photochromic panel with the distribution and connection of di fferent optical elements by laminating technique with thermal plastic or liquid films;
  • Figure 5 - shows in the vertical cross-section the basic principle of construction of the control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, with two photochromic panels w ith the distribution and connection of different optical elements by laminating technique with thermal plastic or l iquid films ;
  • Figure 6 - shows in the vertical cross-section the basic principle of construction of the control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, with one photochromic panel with the distribution and connection of di fferent optical elements by the technique of adhesion;
  • FIG 7 - shows in the vertical cross-section the basic principle of construction of the control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, with two photochromic panels with the distribution and connection of different optical elements by the technique of adhesion ;
  • the basic principle of the construction of the control variable transparency panel, according to the invention shows a vertical cross-section in Figure 1 .
  • Photochromic panel P is produced in the form of a glass or plastic panel - fi lm.
  • the external side of photochromic panel P which is turned tow ards the source of natural UV radiation, i.e., sunlight S is connected by a layer of glue L by a transparent plastic film F acting as an absorber of natural sunl ight U V radiation.
  • the UV absorption film F eliminates the possibility that natural sun light UV radiation activates photochromic effect in the photochromic panel P w hich enables the electrical source of the UV radiation EUV to activate the photochromic effect in the photochromic panel P.
  • the electrical source of the UV radiation EUV is connected to the regulatory source of electric power CPS, which enables the regulation of the intensity of the UV radiation.
  • the regulation of the intensity of the UV radiation from the electrical source of the UV radiation EUV enables the regulation of transparency of visible light of the photochromic panel P.
  • the regulation of transparency of v isible light of photochromic panel P regulates the transmission of sunlight heat radiation of the control variable transparency panel .
  • figure 2 shows one of potential ways to distribute electrical sources of the UV radiation, for example, LE diodes or laser diodes ( UV-1 , UV-2...UV-n), while constructing the control variable transparency panel with the square or similar shape surface, where the width of surface B is approximately equal to the surface H.
  • the electrical sources of the U V radiation can be distributed on edge surfaces of the control variable transparency panel so that the emitted UV radiation could homogenously l ight the surface of the control variable transparency panel. It is recommended that the electrical sources of the UV radiation ( UV-1, UV-2...UV-n) should be in a parallel electrical connection with the regulatory source of the electric power CPS.
  • Figure 3 shows one of potential ways to distribute electrical sources of the UV radiation, for example Lf diodes or laser diodes ( UV-1 , UV-2...UV-n). whi le constructing the control variable transparency panel whose surface is in a rectangular or similar shape, where the width of surface B is considerably greater than the height of the surface H.
  • control variable transparency panel in a vertical cross- section is shown on figure 4 as an insulation panel with a standard metal distancer profile 4 filled in with the substance for moisture absorption 3 and connected to a classic transparency panel C3 and photochromic panel P by means of primary connecting sealing substance 2 and secondaiy connecting seal ing substance 1.
  • a photochromic panel P may be produced in the form of a photochromic film or plastic, and/or glass photochromic panel connected to the classic transparent panel G l through thermal-plastic or l iquid fi lm TF-1 by laminating method.
  • the classic transparency panel G2 is connected to a classic panel G3 through thermal-plastic or liquid fi lm TF-2 by laminating method.
  • Classic transparency panels G 1 ,G2 and G3 are produced in the form of glass or plastic transparency panels that may have a reflection layer if appropriate, low- emission layer, etc.
  • films TF-1 and TF-2 in one variant may be produced in the form of thermal-plastic polyvinyl-butyral (PVB) fi lm or other types of thermal-plastic film for the same purpose, w hile the laminating process is conducted in special chambers at the appropriate temperature and appropriate pressure.
  • Films TF-1 and TF-2 in the second variant may be applied in the form of liquid transparent resin used as a standard means for laminating glass or plastic surfaces and which under prescribed conditions converts from liquid aggregate condition into solid aggregate condition for a certain period of time.
  • Films TF-1 and TF-2 ensure excellent safety features to the control variable transparency panel in terms of the protection from outer mechanical impacts, however the most important technical feature and function of the fi lms TF- 1 and TF-2 is that they absorb sunlight UV radiation to the greatest possible extent and in that way el iminate the impact of the natural sunlight UV radiation on the photochromic panel P.
  • the photochromic effect in the photochromic panel P is activated by means of electric sources of the UV radiation ( U V- 1 , UV-2...UV-n) that may be in the form of LE diodes or laser diodes or other electrical sources of the UV radiation emitting the UV radiation of the required wave length, with or without the additional optical elements of the lens for directing or dispersing the UV radiation.
  • Figures 4 to 7 show characteristic LK diodes UV-1 and UV - n with the electrodes X and Y and metal housing that may be connected with metal distancer profile 4 through the contact C for the purpose of better cooling process.
  • the contact panel 6 is connected with the metal distancer profile 4 by means of electric isolators 5.
  • the non-transparent surface 7 is applied by screen printing, enamelling or by applying colour in another way, but it has an aesthetic-visual role to proving masking - to hide electrical sources of the UV radiation ( UV-1 , UV-2...U V-n).
  • the control variable transparency panel shown in figure 5 in the vertical cross-section, has a construction solution similar to the solution of the control variable transparency panel shown in figure 4 according to the invention.
  • the classic transparent G3 shown in figure 4 as a construction element has been replaced by photochromic panel PI show n as a construction element in figure 5.
  • the control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, shown in vertical cross-section in figure 5, has two photochromic panels P and P I . thus eliminating the possibi lity of emitting visible light produced by electrical sources of the UV radiation ( UV- 1 , UV-2...U V-n) from the inside of the control variable transparency panel to outward direction.
  • Figure 6 shows the construction of the control variable transparency panel in the vertical cross-section, according to the invention, as an insulation panel with a standard metal distancer profi le 4 filled with the substance for moist absorption 3 and connected with a classic transparent panel G l and a classic transparent panel G2 by means of a primary connecting sealing substance 2 and a secondary connecting sealing substance 1.
  • the photochromic panel P may be produced in the form of a plastic photochromic fi lm, plastic or glass photochromic panel connected with film F l by a layer of glue L.
  • the film V ⁇ is connected to a classic transparent panel G l by a layer of glue.
  • Film F2 is connected with a classic transparent panel G2 by a layer of glue L.
  • Classic transparent panels G l and G2 are produced in the form of glass or plastic transparent panels that may have a reflection layer if appropriate, a low-emission layer, etc.
  • the films F l and F2 may be produced in the form of plastic films enabling good safety features to the control variable transparency panel in terms of protection from external mechanical impacts, but the most important technical feature and function of the films F l and F2 is to absorb the natural sunlight UV radiation to the greatest possible extent to the photochromic panel P.
  • the photochromic effect in the photochromic panel P is activated by means of electric sources of the UV radiation ( UV- 1 , UV-2...UV-n ) that may be in the form of LF diodes or laser diodes or other electrical sources of the UV radiation emitting the UV radiation of the required wave length, with or without the additional optical elements of the lens for directing or dispersing the UV radiation.
  • Figures 4 to 7 show characteristic LF diodes UV-1 and UV - n with the electrodes X and Y and metal housing that may be connected with metal distancer profi le 4 through the contact C for the purpose of better cooling process.
  • the contact panel 6 is connected with the metal distancer profile 4 by means of electric isolators 5.
  • the non-transparent surface 7 is applied by screen printing, enamelling or by applying colour in another way, but it has an aesthetic-visual role to proving masking - to hide electrical sources of the UV radiation (UV-1 , U V- 2...UV n)
  • the control variable transparency panel shown in figure 7 in the vertical cross-section, has a construction solution similar to the solution of the control variable transparency panel shown in figure 6 according to the invention.
  • the control variable transparency panel according to the invention, shown in vertical cross- section in figure 7, has one photochromic panel P and the additional photochromic panel P I connected with the film F2 with a layer of glue I, thus el iminating the possibility of emitting visible light produced by electrical sources of the UV radiation ( U V-1 , UV- 2...UV-n) from the inside of the control variable transparency panel to outward direction.
  • Figures 4 - 7 show different construction variants of the control transparency panel in vertical cross-sections, according to the invention, in the form of a flat surface insulation panel. If a control variable transparency panel should be produced in the form a provisional geometric form of curved surface, identical construction principles wil l be applied as in the case of producing a control variable transparency panel in the form of a flat surface insulation panel.

Abstract

A control variable transparency panel has an insulation panel with a standard metal distancer profile (4) filled with a moist absorption substance (3) and is connected with classic transparency panels (G1, G2) with a primary connecting sealing substance (2) and secondary connecting sealing substance (1). The photochromic panels (P, P1) are connected with the classic transparency panels (G1, G2) by layers of glue (L) and transparent plastic films (R1, R2) acting as an absorber of natural sunlight UV radiation. The impact of the natural sunlight UV radiation on the photochromic panels (P, P1) has been eliminated, the photochromic effect in the photochromic panels (P, P1) is activated by means of electrical UV radiation sources (UV-1,..., UV-n) that may be in the form of light emitting diodes or laser diodes or other electrical UV radiation sources emitting UV radiation of the required wavelength. The electrical UV radiation sources (UV-1,..., UV-n) are connected with an electrical power source (CPS) over a contact panel (6) and electrodes (X, Y). A contact (C) has the purpose of providing a better cooling process. The contact panel (6) is connected with the metal distancer profile (4) by means of electrical isolators (5). A non - transparent surface (7) is applied to hide electrical sources of the UV radiation.

Description

PHOTOCHROMIC PANEL HAVING VARIABLE TRANSPARENCY
TECHN ICAL FI ELD
A control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, belongs to the field of civil engineering, fixed or movable gaskets of openings on building constructions, vehicles, etc., for example, on windows, and/or shelters and safety devices with openings with or w ithout the mechanisms for moving, curtains or other safety devices preventing the passage of light, i.e., they serve as protection from outside views, as well as to optical systems used for regulating light, and/or for managing light intensity.
TECHNICAL ISSU E
The control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, resolves the problem of placing curtains on windows of building constructions, vehicles, etc., which may regulate the transparency of the opening ranging from comparatively maximum transparency to comparatively minimal transparency, and/or darkening, i .e., resolves the problem of construction of the curtain integrated in the insulation panel which is used in architectural-construction and other applications, and which enables a sufficient level of different protection characteristics, which is reliable and long-lasting during exploitation, while the procedure of its manufacturing, assembling, management, maintenance, dismantling and repair may be standardized, enabling a potential replacement of existing windows without curtains, or windows with classical curtains with this control variable transparency panel, according to the invention.
The conlrol variable transparency panel, according to the invention, further resolves the problem of use of photochromic curtains as passive protective devices, i.e., devices whose protective features depend exclusively on natural sunlight LJV radiation and enables the construction of photochromic curtains as active protective devices, i.e., device whose protective features absolutely do not depend on external factors such as natural sunlight U V radiation, but on the will of a curtain user who can control and regulate the level of the curtain's protective features.
The control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, further resolves the problem of achieving the efficient protection of privacy from outside views, as well as the protection from temperature, sounds and mechanical influence of the environment, light protection, particularly from sunlight and heat.
BACKGROU ND ART
Modem practice uses photochromatie curtains produced in the form of glass panels of type: "Coming", in the form of passive insulation panels that do not have adequate protective characteristics, in the first place due to a rather slow reaction to changes of control factors, i.e., the change of intensity of natural sunlight U V radiation.
Different photochromic plastic films and panels produced by the injection of photochromic pigment into a plastic mass during the casting and extrusion process are also applied in practice. The plastic mass is also added di fferent chemical additives that have a role of photo-stabilizers or antioxidants which increases the durability of the said photochromic products in real conditions of exploitation.
Photochromic plastic films - panels are comparatively colourless and very transparent to visible l ight when they are not exposed to natural sunlight UV radiation. When plastic photochromic films - panels are exposed to natural sunlight UV radiation they become coloured and thus less transparent to visible light. The colour of photochromic plastic fi lms - panels and the speed of reaction to the change of intensity of UV radiation depends on the type of the injected photochromic pigment, while the transparency to v isible light is in counter proportional dependence on the intensity of UV radiation panels are exposed to.
The said photochromic products used for manufacturing of the curtains in the form of insulation panels w ith a changeable transmission of visible light and heat radiation do not ensure a satisf actory level of protective features since they use only the intensity of natural sunlight UV radiation as a control parameter which means that a user of curtains cannot influence protective characteristics of curtains in any way. DESCRI PTION OF I NVENT ION
The operation of the control variable transparency panel is based on the construction of the optical system eliminating the effects of natural sunlight UV radiation on photochromic panel, at the same time enabling the influence of an independent regulatory electrical source of UV radiation to photochromic panel.
The control variable transparency panel, according to this invention, will be presented and described with reference to the accompanying drafts in which:
Figure 1 - shows a basic principle of operation of the control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, by eliminating the effects of natural sunlight UV radiation, at the same time under the impact of an independent regulatory electrical source of UV radiation on the photochromic panel;
Figure 2 - shows a simplified schematic illustration of one of potential manners of use and spatial distribution of regulatory electrical sources of UV radiation on the control variable transparency panel of a square or similar shape;
Figure 3 - shows a simplified schematic i llustration of one of potential manners of use and spatial distribution of regulatory electrical sources of UV radiation on the control variable transparency panel of a rectangular or similar shape;
Figure 4 - shows in the vertical cross-section the basic principle of construction of the control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, with one photochromic panel with the distribution and connection of di fferent optical elements by laminating technique with thermal plastic or liquid films;
Figure 5 - shows in the vertical cross-section the basic principle of construction of the control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, with two photochromic panels w ith the distribution and connection of different optical elements by laminating technique with thermal plastic or l iquid films ;
Figure 6 - shows in the vertical cross-section the basic principle of construction of the control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, with one photochromic panel with the distribution and connection of di fferent optical elements by the technique of adhesion;
Figure 7 - shows in the vertical cross-section the basic principle of construction of the control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, with two photochromic panels with the distribution and connection of different optical elements by the technique of adhesion ; The basic principle of the construction of the control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, shows a vertical cross-section in Figure 1 . Photochromic panel P is produced in the form of a glass or plastic panel - fi lm. The external side of photochromic panel P which is turned tow ards the source of natural UV radiation, i.e., sunlight S is connected by a layer of glue L by a transparent plastic film F acting as an absorber of natural sunl ight U V radiation. The UV absorption film F eliminates the possibility that natural sun light UV radiation activates photochromic effect in the photochromic panel P w hich enables the electrical source of the UV radiation EUV to activate the photochromic effect in the photochromic panel P. The electrical source of the UV radiation EUV is connected to the regulatory source of electric power CPS, which enables the regulation of the intensity of the UV radiation. The regulation of the intensity of the UV radiation from the electrical source of the UV radiation EUV enables the regulation of transparency of visible light of the photochromic panel P. The regulation of transparency of v isible light of photochromic panel P regulates the transmission of sunlight heat radiation of the control variable transparency panel .
figure 2 shows one of potential ways to distribute electrical sources of the UV radiation, for example, LE diodes or laser diodes ( UV-1 , UV-2...UV-n), while constructing the control variable transparency panel with the square or similar shape surface, where the width of surface B is approximately equal to the surface H. The electrical sources of the U V radiation ( UV-1 , UV-2...UV-n) can be distributed on edge surfaces of the control variable transparency panel so that the emitted UV radiation could homogenously l ight the surface of the control variable transparency panel. It is recommended that the electrical sources of the UV radiation ( UV-1, UV-2...UV-n) should be in a parallel electrical connection with the regulatory source of the electric power CPS.
Figure 3 shows one of potential ways to distribute electrical sources of the UV radiation, for example Lf diodes or laser diodes ( UV-1 , UV-2...UV-n). whi le constructing the control variable transparency panel whose surface is in a rectangular or similar shape, where the width of surface B is considerably greater than the height of the surface H.
The construction of the control variable transparency panel in a vertical cross- section, according to the invention, is shown on figure 4 as an insulation panel with a standard metal distancer profile 4 filled in with the substance for moisture absorption 3 and connected to a classic transparency panel C3 and photochromic panel P by means of primary connecting sealing substance 2 and secondaiy connecting seal ing substance 1. A photochromic panel P may be produced in the form of a photochromic film or plastic, and/or glass photochromic panel connected to the classic transparent panel G l through thermal-plastic or l iquid fi lm TF-1 by laminating method. The classic transparency panel G2 is connected to a classic panel G3 through thermal-plastic or liquid fi lm TF-2 by laminating method. Classic transparency panels G 1 ,G2 and G3 are produced in the form of glass or plastic transparency panels that may have a reflection layer if appropriate, low- emission layer, etc. films TF-1 and TF-2 in one variant may be produced in the form of thermal-plastic polyvinyl-butyral (PVB) fi lm or other types of thermal-plastic film for the same purpose, w hile the laminating process is conducted in special chambers at the appropriate temperature and appropriate pressure. Films TF-1 and TF-2 in the second variant may be applied in the form of liquid transparent resin used as a standard means for laminating glass or plastic surfaces and which under prescribed conditions converts from liquid aggregate condition into solid aggregate condition for a certain period of time. Films TF-1 and TF-2 ensure excellent safety features to the control variable transparency panel in terms of the protection from outer mechanical impacts, however the most important technical feature and function of the fi lms TF- 1 and TF-2 is that they absorb sunlight UV radiation to the greatest possible extent and in that way el iminate the impact of the natural sunlight UV radiation on the photochromic panel P. Since the impact of the natural sunlight UV radiation on the photochromic panel P has been eliminated, the photochromic effect in the photochromic panel P is activated by means of electric sources of the UV radiation ( U V- 1 , UV-2...UV-n) that may be in the form of LE diodes or laser diodes or other electrical sources of the UV radiation emitting the UV radiation of the required wave length, with or without the additional optical elements of the lens for directing or dispersing the UV radiation. Figures 4 to 7 show characteristic LK diodes UV-1 and UV - n with the electrodes X and Y and metal housing that may be connected with metal distancer profile 4 through the contact C for the purpose of better cooling process. The contact panel 6 is connected with the metal distancer profile 4 by means of electric isolators 5. The non-transparent surface 7 is applied by screen printing, enamelling or by applying colour in another way, but it has an aesthetic-visual role to proving masking - to hide electrical sources of the UV radiation ( UV-1 , UV-2...U V-n).
The control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, shown in figure 5 in the vertical cross-section, has a construction solution similar to the solution of the control variable transparency panel shown in figure 4 according to the invention. The classic transparent G3 shown in figure 4 as a construction element has been replaced by photochromic panel PI show n as a construction element in figure 5. The control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, shown in vertical cross-section in figure 5, has two photochromic panels P and P I . thus eliminating the possibi lity of emitting visible light produced by electrical sources of the UV radiation ( UV- 1 , UV-2...U V-n) from the inside of the control variable transparency panel to outward direction.
Figure 6 shows the construction of the control variable transparency panel in the vertical cross-section, according to the invention, as an insulation panel with a standard metal distancer profi le 4 filled with the substance for moist absorption 3 and connected with a classic transparent panel G l and a classic transparent panel G2 by means of a primary connecting sealing substance 2 and a secondary connecting sealing substance 1.
The photochromic panel P may be produced in the form of a plastic photochromic fi lm, plastic or glass photochromic panel connected with film F l by a layer of glue L. The film V \ is connected to a classic transparent panel G l by a layer of glue. Film F2 is connected with a classic transparent panel G2 by a layer of glue L. Classic transparent panels G l and G2 are produced in the form of glass or plastic transparent panels that may have a reflection layer if appropriate, a low-emission layer, etc. The films F l and F2 may be produced in the form of plastic films enabling good safety features to the control variable transparency panel in terms of protection from external mechanical impacts, but the most important technical feature and function of the films F l and F2 is to absorb the natural sunlight UV radiation to the greatest possible extent to the photochromic panel P. Since the impact of the natural sunlight UV radiation on the photochromic panel P has been el iminated, the photochromic effect in the photochromic panel P is activated by means of electric sources of the UV radiation ( UV- 1 , UV-2...UV-n ) that may be in the form of LF diodes or laser diodes or other electrical sources of the UV radiation emitting the UV radiation of the required wave length, with or without the additional optical elements of the lens for directing or dispersing the UV radiation. Figures 4 to 7 show characteristic LF diodes UV-1 and UV - n with the electrodes X and Y and metal housing that may be connected with metal distancer profi le 4 through the contact C for the purpose of better cooling process. The contact panel 6 is connected with the metal distancer profile 4 by means of electric isolators 5. The non-transparent surface 7 is applied by screen printing, enamelling or by applying colour in another way, but it has an aesthetic-visual role to proving masking - to hide electrical sources of the UV radiation (UV-1 , U V- 2...UV n)
The control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, shown in figure 7 in the vertical cross-section, has a construction solution similar to the solution of the control variable transparency panel shown in figure 6 according to the invention. The control variable transparency panel, according to the invention, shown in vertical cross- section in figure 7, has one photochromic panel P and the additional photochromic panel P I connected with the film F2 with a layer of glue I,, thus el iminating the possibility of emitting visible light produced by electrical sources of the UV radiation ( U V-1 , UV- 2...UV-n) from the inside of the control variable transparency panel to outward direction.
Figures 4 - 7 show different construction variants of the control transparency panel in vertical cross-sections, according to the invention, in the form of a flat surface insulation panel. If a control variable transparency panel should be produced in the form a provisional geometric form of curved surface, identical construction principles wil l be applied as in the case of producing a control variable transparency panel in the form of a flat surface insulation panel.
It is clear that the construction details and individual real izations, as well as certain phases of the procedure for regulating the transparency of the control variable transparency panel from a complete non-transparency to a comparatively complete transparency, and vice versa, may be changed in comparison to the described ones and shown in the drawings, without deviating from the design of the subject matter invention as defined in the following claims.
Figure imgf000008_0001
Oracka 100
RS-224 1 9 UPINOVO, S E R I A ( RS)

Claims

CLAI MS
1. Control variable transparency panel w ith a flat or curv ed surface of a provisional geometrical shape, characterized in that, is made as a multi-layered insulation panel comprising photochromatic panel ( P) to which the LJV absorption transparency plastic film ( F) has been adhered by a layer (L) of glue on the side turned towards the natural UV radiation source, i.e., to the sun (S), w hile at least one electrical UV radiation source ( E UV) is placed on the other side of photochromatic panel ( P) which is connected with the control power supply source (CPS).
2. Control variable transparency panel w ith a fiat or curved surface of a provisional geometrical shape, according to claim 1 , characterized in that, within the construction variant of a quadrangular shaped transparent surfaces of width (B) and height (H) electrical UV radiation sources (UV- 1 , UV-2...UV-n) that might be LE diodes, laser diodes or other electrical UV radiation sources, emitting the UV radiation of the required wave length, w ith or without the additional optical elements of the lens for directing or dispersing the UV radiation, which sources ( UV-1 , UV-2, ...UV-n) are arranged along the edge surfaces of the control variable transparency panel of approximately square shape, w hen the width ( B) approximately equals the height ( H ), and/or arranged along the longer edge surface and along the other longer edge surface of the control variable transparency panel of approximately rectangular shape, when the widths (B) are significantly greater than the heights (H), and in rccommendable paral lel electrical connections are connected to the control power supply source (CPS).
3. Control variable transparency panel with a flat or curved surface of a provisional geometrical shape, according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that, the photochromatic panel ( P) made in the form of a plastic photochromatic film or plastic, and/or glass photochromatic panel has been adhered to its other side by a laminating method through the UV absorption thermal-plastic or liquid fi lm (TF-1 ), whose other side has been spaced by a distancer profile (4) fi l led in with the substance (3) for moist absorption and which is connected on one side with the photochromic panel ( P) by means of a primary connecting scaling substance (2) and secondary connecting sealing substance ( 1 ), and on the other side with the classical transparency panel (G3) which is through the UV absorption thermal-plastic or liquid film and by laminating method connected to a classical transparency panel (G2 ), whi le classical transparency panels (G l ), (G2 ) and (G3 ) are made in the form of glass or plastic transparency panels that may have a reflection layer if appropriate, low-emission layer, etc., and where films (TF-1 ) and (TF-2) in one variant may be produced in the form of thermal-plastic polyv inyl-butyral (PVB) film or other types of thermal-plastic fi lms for the same purpose, whi le the laminating process is conducted in special chambers at the appropriate temperature and appropriate pressure, w hile in the second variant the films (TF-1 ) and (TF-2) may be applied in the form of liquid transparent resin used as a standard means for laminating glass or plastic surfaces and which under prescribed conditions converts from liquid aggregate condition into solid aggregate condition for a certain period of time, and where the electrical sources of the UV radiation (UV-1 , UV-2 ... UV-n), which may be in the form of LE diodes or laser diodes or other electrical sources of the UV radiation, emitting the U V radiation of the required wave length, with or w ithout the additional optical elements of the lens for directing or dispersing the UV radiation, through contact (C) for better cooling and contact panel (6) which is through electrical isolators (5) affixed to metal distance profile (4), electrodes (X) and (Y) connected with the control power supply source (CPS), while non-transparent surfaces can be found on the sides (7) and used for masking- shelter of the electrical sources of the U V radiation (UV- 1 , UV-2, ... UV-n), which are applied by print screen technique, enamel ling or colour is appl ied otherw ise.
4. Control variable transparency panel with a fiat or curved surface of a provisional geometrical shape, according to claim 1 , 2 and 3, characterized by having been produced in the variant with two photochromic panels ( P) and ( PI ), while the classical transparency panel (G3) has been replaced by photochromic panel ( PI ).
5. Control variable transparency panel with a fiat or curved surface of a provisional geometrical shape, according to claim 1 , 2 and 3, characterized by the fact that the layer of glue ( L). by which the UV absorption film ( Fl ) has been adhered, has been applied to the other side of a classical transparency panel (G l ), to which photochromic panel ( P) has been adhered by means of a layer of glue ( L), w hile the other UV absorption film ( F2) has been adhered to the opposite side of the classical transparency panel (G2 ) by means of a layer of glue (L), and classical transparency panels (G l ) and (G2) have been spaced by distanccr profile (4) fi l led in with the substance (3) for moist absorption, and which distanccr profile (4) leans through primary connecting sealing substance (2) to the opposite sides of classical transparency panels (G l ) and (G2 ) and which distanccr profile is affixed by secondary connecting sealing substance ( 1 ) in the framework opening, and where the shelter of electrical sources of UV radiation is between non-transparent surfaces (7) for masking - (IJV- l , UV-2, ... UV-n), and which are applied by print screen technique, enamelling or applying colour otherwise to photochromic panel (P) on one side and UV absorption fi lm ( F2) on the other side, produced contact panel (6) leaning by means of electrical isolators (5) to distanccr profile (4) to which contact panel (6) electrical sources of UV radiation (UV-1, UV-2, UV-n) are connected by electrodes (X) and (Y) which may be in the form of LLi diodes or laser diodes or other electrical sources of the UV radiation, emitting the UV radiation of the required wave length, with or without the additional optical elements of the lens for directing or dispersing the UV radiation, connected with the control power supply source (CPS), and through contact (C) for better cooling and with a metal distanccr profile (4).
6. Control variable transparency panel with a flat or curved surface of a provisional geometrical shape, according to claim 1 through 5, which prevents the emission of visible light produced by electrical sources of the UV radiation ( UV-1 , UV-2, .... UV-n) from the inside of the construction of the control variable transparency panel towards outward direction, characterized by the fact that opposite to the photochromic panel ( P) on the other side of a classic transparency panel (G l ), the additional photochromic panel (P I ) has been placed and which is connected by means of the layer of glue ( L) to another UV absorption film (F2) which is by means of layer of glue (I.) connected to the opposite side of a classical transparency panel (G2).
V, · v
MAN DIC, Zeljko
Oracka 100
RS-224 1 9 U P1NOVO, S B I A (RS)
PCT/RS2011/000009 2010-06-21 2011-06-15 Photochromic panel having variable transparency WO2011162630A1 (en)

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RS20100271A RS20100271A (en) 2010-06-21 2010-06-21 Regulating variably transparent panel
RSP-2010/0271 2010-06-21

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KR20180074120A (en) * 2016-12-23 2018-07-03 한국단자공업 주식회사 Brightness control apparatus of window-glass for vehicle
KR20200145635A (en) * 2019-06-19 2020-12-30 대한유리공업(주) Color changeable window structure

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EP2798386A4 (en) * 2011-12-29 2015-08-12 Kilolambda Tech Ltd Window having active transparency control
US9933638B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2018-04-03 Elbit Systems Ltd. Window having active transparency control
DE102014100767A1 (en) * 2013-11-29 2015-06-03 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optical element and organic light emitting device with optical element
WO2015078984A1 (en) * 2013-11-29 2015-06-04 Osram Oled Gmbh Optical element, and organic light-emitting component with optical element
US9772515B2 (en) 2013-11-29 2017-09-26 Osram Oled Gmbh Optical element and organic light-emitting device with optical element
DE102014100767B4 (en) * 2013-11-29 2021-02-18 Pictiva Displays International Limited Optical element and organic light-emitting component with optical element
KR20180074120A (en) * 2016-12-23 2018-07-03 한국단자공업 주식회사 Brightness control apparatus of window-glass for vehicle
KR102625161B1 (en) * 2016-12-23 2024-01-15 한국단자공업 주식회사 Brightness control apparatus of window-glass for vehicle
KR20200145635A (en) * 2019-06-19 2020-12-30 대한유리공업(주) Color changeable window structure
KR102360275B1 (en) * 2019-06-19 2022-02-08 대한유리공업(주) Color changeable window structure

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