WO2011160413A1 - 无线传感器网络终端的寻址方法及结合网络 - Google Patents

无线传感器网络终端的寻址方法及结合网络 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011160413A1
WO2011160413A1 PCT/CN2010/080262 CN2010080262W WO2011160413A1 WO 2011160413 A1 WO2011160413 A1 WO 2011160413A1 CN 2010080262 W CN2010080262 W CN 2010080262W WO 2011160413 A1 WO2011160413 A1 WO 2011160413A1
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Prior art keywords
wireless sensor
network
sensor network
wsn terminal
gateway
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PCT/CN2010/080262
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马景旺
余万涛
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2011160413A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011160413A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/26—Network addressing or numbering for mobility support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a network technology, and in particular, to a method and a combination network for a wireless sensor network (WSN) terminal.
  • WLAN wireless sensor network
  • wireless sensor networks are a new information acquisition and processing technology. Due to recent improvements in microfabrication technology, communication technology, and battery technology, tiny sensor terminals have the ability to sense, wirelessly communicate and process information. Such sensor terminals can not only sense and detect the target of the environment and its changes, but also process the collected data and send the processed data to the data collection center by wireless transmission.
  • These sensor terminals typically consist of a power supply, sensing components, an embedded processor, memory, communication components, and execution software. Among them, the power supply provides the sensor node with the energy necessary for normal operation.
  • the sensing component is used to sense, acquire, and convert external information into digital signals.
  • the embedded processor is responsible for coordinating the work of various parts of the node, such as performing necessary processing, saving, and controlling the operating mode of the sensing component and the power supply.
  • the communication component is responsible for communicating with other sensors or observers.
  • Execution software provides the necessary software support for sensor terminals, such as embedded operating systems, embedded database systems, and more. Detecting thermal, infrared, sonar, radar and seismic signals in the surrounding environment of the sensor terminal by means of a variety of sensing components built into the sensor terminal, thereby detecting temperature, humidity, noise, light intensity, pressure, soil composition , a lot of information such as the size, speed and direction of moving objects. Sensor terminals typically form a network in a self-organizing or pre-configured manner.
  • wireless low-power communication technology is most suitable for use of a sensor network, and is generally called a wireless sensor network.
  • the widely used wireless low-power communication technologies include: IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.15.4 and ZigBee technology.
  • IEEE 802.15.4 is a low-speed wireless personal area network (WPAN) standard developed by IEEE. IEEE 802.15.4 specifies the physical layer and medium access control layer (MAC, Media Access Control) standards. The IEEE 802.15.4 compliant communication module features low cost, low power consumption, and small size.
  • WPAN wireless personal area network
  • IEEE 802.15.4 specifies the physical layer and medium access control layer (MAC, Media Access Control) standards.
  • MAC medium access control layer
  • the IEEE 802.15.4 compliant communication module features low cost, low power consumption, and small size.
  • the ZigBee Alliance is an organization dedicated to developing reliable, low-cost, low-power, wireless network connectivity monitoring and control products based on open global standards.
  • the physical layer and MAC layer of the ZigBee standard use IEEE 802.15.4 technology, and the network layer, security management, application layer specification, and interoperability are developed by the ZigBee Alliance.
  • the ZigBee smart energy public applications profile and the ZigBee home automation public applications profile in the ZigBee standard are separate for business environment applications and home applications.
  • the WSN terminal's micro-processing capabilities and wireless communication capabilities make wireless sensor networks a promising application for military applications, biological and environmental monitoring, health applications, home applications, industrial control and monitoring.
  • Wireless sensor network combined with telecommunication network, such as second generation (2G, 2nd Generation) mobile communication, third generation (3G, 3rd Generation) mobile communication, xDSL (x Digital Subscriber line), FTTx (Fiber To The x, x is Home, building, node, premises, etc., broadband wireless access, satellite/microwave, etc., can make the wireless sensor network as an extension of the existing network, expand the ability of the communication network, and extend the communication object from person to the physical world. Development prospects. When combined with the existing telecommunication network, the wireless sensor network can effectively transmit the data perceived by the wireless sensor network to the data center. By sorting and analyzing the data, the way of acquiring data of the natural world can be greatly changed. At the same time, it is also possible to centrally manage wireless sensor networks, and to solve the problem that wireless sensor networks that are currently scattered everywhere are difficult to manage. question.
  • the combination of a wireless sensor network and a telecommunication network refers to connecting a wireless sensor network with a telecommunication network, and utilizing the telecommunication network to monitor, manage, and complete the service carrying and cooperation of the wireless sensor network and the services provided by the telecommunication network, and expand the telecom network.
  • the services provided by wireless sensor networks is generally a wireless sensor network connected to a telecommunications network platform through a gateway device.
  • the WSN terminal is a sensor node constituting the wireless sensor network, and is connected to the gateway through one or more hops.
  • the WSN terminal is responsible for collecting and uploading data, as well as receiving and executing commands.
  • the number of devices that make up a wireless sensor network is as few as a few hundreds, and devices can be networked in a star, tree, or mesh (MESH) manner, some of which have strong networking and Data forwarding capability.
  • the software of the WSN terminal needs to be upgraded or the parameters in the WSN terminal from the perspective of WSN terminal management.
  • the relevant network unit entity on the telecommunication network side needs to actively establish communication with the WSN terminal, and after establishing communication, perform software upgrade and parameter update of the WSN terminal.
  • the WSN terminal is in the wireless sensor network, and the wireless sensor network and the current telecommunication network use different address management methods, and the gateway unit entity on the telecommunication network side cannot directly establish communication with the WSN terminal. At present, there is no corresponding technical solution for this problem and demand.
  • the addressing method of the WSN terminal needs to be considered, so that the relevant network element entity on the telecommunication network side can find the WSN terminal located in the wireless sensor network and establish communication with the WSN terminal, thereby The associated network element entity on the telecommunications network side can perform management functions for the WSN terminal.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide an addressing method and a junction of a WSN terminal.
  • the network can support any network entity in the telecommunication network to communicate with the WSN terminal in the wireless sensor network.
  • a method for addressing a wireless sensor network terminal is applied to a combined network, where the combined network includes a wireless sensor network and a telecommunication network, wherein the wireless sensor network is provided with a WSN terminal and a gateway; and the telecommunication network is provided with a wireless a sensor network management platform; the method includes: when the network element entity in the telecommunication network performs addressing of the WSN terminal, obtaining information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located from the wireless sensor network management platform, and passing the WSN terminal The gateway of the wireless sensor network finds the WSN terminal.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform stores correspondence information between the WSN terminal and the wireless sensor network to which the WSN terminal belongs.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform stores information of the WSN terminal, where the information of the WSN terminal includes an identifier of the WSN terminal and a network identifier of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located.
  • the information about the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located is obtained from the wireless sensor network management platform, and the WSN terminal is found through the gateway of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located, as:
  • the network element entity obtains information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located from the wireless sensor network management platform according to the identifier of the WSN terminal; and the network element entity is established according to the obtained information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located a communication connection with the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located; the network element entity provides the identifier of the WSN terminal to the gateway of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located, and the gateway of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located according to the WSN terminal identifier Obtain the network address of the WSN terminal in the wireless sensor network.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform saves information of the wireless sensor network
  • the information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located includes at least one of network identification information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located, identification information of the gateway, address information of the gateway in the telecommunication network, and interface information of the gateway and the telecommunication network connection. .
  • the gateway of the wireless sensor network stores information of the WSN terminal in the wireless sensor network, and the information of the WSN terminal includes an identifier of the WSN terminal and a network address of the WSN terminal in the wireless sensor network.
  • the network unit entity establishes a communication connection with the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located according to the obtained information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located, where: the network element entity is located according to the obtained WSN terminal.
  • the information of the gateway of the wireless sensor network establishes a communication connection with the gateway of the wireless sensor network.
  • the network element entity is a wireless sensor network management platform, or a wireless sensor network service platform, or other network element entity.
  • a combined network comprising a wireless sensor network and a telecommunication network, wherein the wireless sensor network WSN is provided with a WSN terminal and a gateway; wherein the telecommunication network is provided with a wireless sensor network management platform;
  • the network element entity set in the telecommunication network obtains the information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located from the wireless sensor network management platform when the WSN terminal is addressed, and finds through the gateway of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located. WSN terminal.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform is further configured to save correspondence information between the WSN terminal and the wireless sensor network to which the WSN terminal belongs.
  • the network element entity further obtains information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located from the wireless sensor network management platform according to the identifier of the WSN terminal; according to the obtained information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located, The network element entity establishes a communication connection with the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located; the network element entity provides the identifier of the WSN terminal to the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located, and the WSN ends The wireless sensor network where the terminal is located obtains the network address of the WSN terminal in the wireless sensor network according to the WSN terminal identifier.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform saves information of the wireless sensor network, where the information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located includes network identification information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located, identification information of the gateway, and the gateway in the telecommunication network. At least one of the address information in the address, the interface information of the gateway and the telecommunication network connection.
  • the network element entity establishes a communication connection with the gateway of the wireless sensor network according to the obtained information of the gateway of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located.
  • the network element entity is a wireless sensor network management platform, or a wireless sensor network service platform, or other network element entity.
  • the application function of the wireless sensor network is greatly expanded, and the WSN terminal located in the wireless sensor network can be found by the network element entity on the telecommunication network side in the combined network. And establishing communication with the WSN terminal, which can improve the management of the WSN terminal by the network element entity in the telecommunication network.
  • any network entity in the telecommunication network is allowed to initiate communication with the WSN terminal, and the implementation cost is relatively low.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combined network structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for addressing a WSN terminal according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for addressing another WSN terminal of the present invention. detailed description
  • the wireless sensor network is self-organized by a group of sensor node devices
  • the composed wireless network communicates between the sensor node devices by short-range wireless communication technology.
  • Wireless sensor networks are typically deployed in areas ranging from a few meters to a few hundred meters, where sensor node devices are typically battery powered, with lower power consumption and cost.
  • Near field communication technology is generally used
  • the wireless sensor network and the telecommunication network are combined to connect the wireless sensor network with the telecommunication network, and use the telecommunication network to monitor, manage, and complete the service bearer and cooperation implementation of the wireless sensor network and the services provided by the telecommunication network. And expand the services provided by the wireless sensor network through the telecommunication network.
  • the telecommunications network includes various communication networks such as mobile communication networks, xDSL, FTTx, and satellite communications.
  • the wireless sensor network is composed of a WSN terminal and a gateway device, and the WSN terminal and the gateway can be formed according to relevant technical standards of the wireless sensor network, and the short-range communication technology that can be used to form the wireless sensor network includes ZigBee technology, IEEE 802.15.4. Standards, etc.
  • the wireless sensor network is connected to the telecommunication network through a gateway, and establishes communication with a wireless sensor network management platform in the telecommunication network.
  • a combined network includes a wireless sensor network and a telecommunication network;
  • the wireless sensor network is provided with a WSN terminal and a gateway; the telecommunication network is provided with a service platform and a wireless sensor network management platform.
  • the wireless sensor network is a wireless network composed of a group of sensor node devices in a self-organizing manner, and the sensor node devices communicate by short-range wireless communication technology.
  • Wireless sensor networks are typically deployed in areas ranging from a few meters to a few hundred meters, where sensor node devices are typically battery powered, with lower power consumption and cost.
  • Near field communication technology generally uses ZigBee and IEEE 802.15.4 technology.
  • the combination of the wireless sensor network and the telecommunication network refers to connecting the wireless sensor network with the telecommunication network, and using the telecommunication network to enter the wireless sensor network and the services provided by the telecommunication network. It conducts monitoring, management, and implementation of bearer and cooperation of the completed business, and expands the services provided by the wireless sensor network through the telecommunication network.
  • the telecommunication network includes various communication networks such as mobile communication networks, xDSL, FTTx, and satellite communications.
  • the wireless sensor network joins the telecommunication network through the gateway and is connected to the service platform of the telecommunication network and the wireless sensor network management platform via the telecommunication network.
  • the WSN terminal is connected to the telecommunication network platform through a gateway device.
  • the WSN terminal device is a sensor node constituting the wireless sensor network, and is connected to the gateway through one or more hops.
  • the WSN terminal device is responsible for collecting and uploading data, and receiving and executing commands.
  • the devices that make up the WSN are as few as a few hundred.
  • the devices can be networked in a star, tree, or MESH mode. Some of the devices have strong networking and data forwarding capabilities.
  • the WSN terminal is at the very end of the wireless sensor network. Specifically, the WSN terminal is a variety of sensors that perform monitoring tasks, such as a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and the like.
  • the gateway is responsible for connecting the wireless sensor network and the telecommunication network, and mainly performs functions such as protocol conversion, address mapping, and data forwarding, and can also integrate functions such as security and charging, and creation of a wireless sensor network.
  • the functions that the gateway can support can include: Support internal data collaboration and aggregation in the sensor network; Support one or more of the long-distance communication joining methods such as 2G mobile communication, 3G mobile communication, xDSL, FTTx, broadband wireless join, satellite/microwave, etc.
  • Transmitting the aggregated data to the communication peer supporting device authentication and user authentication of the WSN gateway by the service platform and the remote management server; supporting parameters and software configuration of the WSN gateway by the service platform and the remote management server; supporting user authentication and service security , device management security mechanism; creation and management of wireless sensor networks.
  • the service platform is a functional entity that operates and manages the common services in the telecommunication network and the wireless sensor network in the telecommunication network, and is responsible for integrating the services provided by the respective service providers and providing them to the end users, and managing the use of the services by the users.
  • the service platform cooperates with other functional entities in the telecommunication network according to the needs of different services, such as authentication and authorization charging (AAA, Authentication Authorization and Accounting)
  • AAA Authentication Authorization and Accounting
  • the server is redundant into the entire business: Cheng.
  • the business platform may also be connected to a remote server to update the business directly.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform is a functional entity that implements management of wireless sensor networks.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform can be composed of a management server that implements management functions for the wireless sensor network through the telecommunication network.
  • the wireless sensor network is based on ZigBee technology.
  • ZigBee is an emerging short-range, low-rate, low-cost, low-power wireless network technology. It uses Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) technology and operates at 868MHz, 915MHz or 2.4GHz. Configuring wireless domain based on ZigBee technology Network is a new development of short-range wireless communication technology in recent years, and has been widely used in industrial automation and smart home.
  • DSSS Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
  • ZigBee coordination points There are three types of nodes in a ZigBee network: ZigBee coordination points, ZigBee routing nodes, and
  • the ZigBee coordination point is also called the Personal Area Network (PAN) coordination point (ZC, ZigBee Coordinator) in IEEE 802.15.4, and can be used as a sink node in wireless sensor networks.
  • the ZigBee coordination point must be a Full Function Device (FFD).
  • a ZigBee network has only one ZigBee coordination point. It is often more powerful than other nodes in the network and is the master node of the entire network. It is responsible for initiating the establishment of new networks, setting network parameters, managing nodes in the network, and storing node information in the network. The network can also perform the functions of the router.
  • the ZigBee coordination point is the most complex of the three types of ZigBee nodes, and is typically powered by AC power.
  • the ZigBee Routing Node (ZR, ZigBee Router) must also be a fully functional device.
  • the ZigBee routing node can participate in route discovery, message forwarding, and extend the coverage of the network by connecting other nodes.
  • the ZigBee routing node can also act as a common coordination point in its OST (Personal Operating Space) (IEEE 802.15.4 is called coordination point). General association The point is different from the ZigBee coordination point, which is still controlled by the ZigBee coordination point.
  • OST Personal Operating Space
  • the ZigBee EndNode (ZE, ZigBee EndDevice) can be a full-featured device or a Reduced Function Device (RFD) that connects to the network through a ZigBee co-node or ZigBee routing node, but does not allow any other node to join the network through it.
  • the ZigBee endpoint can operate at very low power.
  • the gateway acts as a ZigBee coordination point in the ZigBee network and is responsible for the establishment of the wireless sensor network.
  • the WSN terminal can be added to the wireless sensor network as a ZigBee routing node or a ZigBee terminal node. Gateways and WSN terminals need to support ZigBee communication technology.
  • the gateway needs to select a network identifier (PAN ID) for the wireless sensor network, and identify the wireless sensor network by the network identifier.
  • PAN ID network identifier
  • the network identity of the wireless sensor network can be specified by the gateway or by the wireless sensor network management platform.
  • the network identifier of the wireless sensor network may be determined by the gateway or by the wireless sensor network management platform, and the information of the wireless sensor network is recorded in the wireless sensor network management platform, including: Network identifier, information of the gateway in the wireless sensor network; the information of the gateway may include the identifier of the gateway, the network address of the gateway in the telecommunications network, and the like.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform can store information of the wireless sensor network in a database.
  • the WSN terminal is determined according to at least one of network identification information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located, identification information of the gateway, address information of the gateway in the telecommunication network, and interface information of the gateway and the telecommunication network connection. wireless sensor network.
  • the communication in the wireless sensor network can be encrypted.
  • the encryption operation in the ZigBee network uses the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm, and the symmetric key length is 128 bits.
  • the keys used in the ZigBee network mainly include: Master key. This key is a shared key used in the process of performing a symmetric key establishment protocol. The master key is the basis for long-term security between the two devices and can be used to generate link keys.
  • Link key In a PAN network, a key shared between two devices for secure communication between two devices.
  • This key is a shared key in a PAN network and is used for the security of broadcast communication.
  • a trust center is a trusted device that distributes security keys across a network. It allows devices to join the network and assign keys, thus ensuring end-to-end security between devices.
  • network coordinators can become trust centers.
  • the Trust Center provides the following three features:
  • Trust management The task is responsible for verifying the device joining the network.
  • Network management The task is to get and assign network keys to the device.
  • the task is to bind the application to the device it manages, enabling end-to-end secure transfer between the two devices.
  • the device In order to implement trust management, the device requires the trust center to receive the initial master key.
  • the device should receive the initial network key and can only obtain updates to the network key from the Trust Center.
  • the device needs to receive a master key or link key from the trust center to establish an end-to-end secure link between the two devices.
  • the additional link key, master key, and network key can only be obtained from the trust center in a secure manner.
  • the trust center should periodically update the network key according to a policy and pass the new network key to each device.
  • the gateway is used as a trust center for security management of the network.
  • the network configuration parameters for implementing secure communication are obtained from the gateway, and the network configuration parameters may include a network address, an initial master key, and a network key, and the WSN terminal uses the network. Configuration parameters are added to the wireless sensor network for secure communication.
  • the process of joining a WSN terminal to a wireless sensor network may employ the relevant specifications in the ZigBee technology, and will not be described in the present invention.
  • each WSN terminal may have an identity.
  • the WSN terminal can be identified in a format similar to the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI).
  • IMEI International Mobile Equipment Identity
  • the identity of the WSN terminal can be written by the WSN terminal equipment provider to the WSN terminal when the WSN terminal is produced.
  • the gateway of the wireless sensor network records and stores the information of the WSN terminal, and the information of the WSN terminal includes the identifier of the WSN terminal, the network address of the WSN terminal in the wireless sensor network, and the WSN. Routing information of the terminal, etc.
  • the gateway of the wireless sensor network can use the database built in the gateway to store the information of the WSN terminal.
  • the gateway in the wireless sensor network can notify the wireless sensor network management platform and the service platform.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform records and saves the information of the WSN terminal, and the information of the WSN terminal includes the identifier of the WSN terminal, the network identifier of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located, and the device capability parameter of the WSN terminal; the wireless sensor network management platform can be The information of the WSN terminal is saved in the database.
  • the service platform configures related parameters of the service performed by the WSN terminal, and enables related services supported by the WSN terminal.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform stores the information of the WSN terminal and the information of the wireless sensor network, so that the information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located can be queried according to the identifier of the WSN terminal.
  • Wireless sensor network management platform can be based on WSN terminal The identifier of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located is queried in the WSN terminal information saved by the wireless sensor network management platform; and then the wireless sensor network information saved in the wireless sensor network management platform according to the network identifier of the queried wireless sensor network Query the corresponding wireless sensor network information.
  • the network element entity such as the wireless sensor network management platform and the service platform on the telecommunication network side performs the management of the WSN terminal, for example, the software upgrade of the WSN terminal, parameter update, etc., where the network element entity is required. It is possible to find a WSN terminal and establish communication with the WSN terminal.
  • the present invention describes a method in which a network element entity on the network side finds a WSN terminal and establishes a communication.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform may query the information in the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located in the information of the WSN terminal that is saved according to the identifier of the WSN terminal, and then obtain the information according to the obtained information.
  • the communication with the gateway in the wireless sensor network is established and the identifier of the WSN terminal is sent to the gateway, and the gateway finds the corresponding WSN terminal according to the WSN terminal identifier.
  • the method for the wireless sensor network management platform to find the WSN terminal and establish communication is described below with reference to FIG. 2:
  • Step 201 The wireless sensor network management platform queries the information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located according to the WSN terminal identifier.
  • Step 202 The wireless sensor network management platform establishes communication with the gateway in the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located, and sends the identifier of the sought WSN terminal to the gateway.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform can establish communication with the gateway according to the network address of the gateway in the wireless sensor network information in the telecommunication network.
  • Step 203 The gateway queries the network address of the WSN terminal in the wireless sensor network according to the identifier of the WSN terminal, where the gateway establishes a communication connection with the WSN terminal. Pick up. The gateway can wake up the WSN terminal and establish a communication connection in accordance with the ZigBee communication protocol. Step 204: The gateway notifies the wireless sensor network management platform that the WSN terminal has been found.
  • Step 205 The wireless sensor network management platform and the WSN terminal communicate through the gateway.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform and the gateway can communicate with the communication protocol of the telecommunication network, such as the TCP/IP protocol; the WSN terminal and the gateway communicate according to the ZigBee communication protocol.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform can send data to the gateway, the gateway parses according to the communication protocol of the telecommunication network, and then the parsed data is encapsulated and sent to the WSN terminal according to the ZigBee communication protocol.
  • the WSN terminal can send the data sent to the wireless sensor network management platform to the gateway through the ZigBee protocol, the gateway parses according to the ZigBee communication protocol, and then parses the parsed data according to the communication protocol of the telecommunication network and sends it to the wireless sensor network management. platform.
  • the service platform may provide the identifier of the searched WSN terminal to the wireless sensor network management platform, and the wireless sensor network management platform may query the WSN in the information of the saved WSN terminal according to the identifier of the WSN terminal.
  • the information in the wireless sensor network where the terminal is located and provides the information to the service platform.
  • the service platform establishes communication with the gateway in the wireless sensor network according to the obtained information of the wireless sensor network, and sends the identifier of the WSN terminal to the gateway. Finding the corresponding WSN terminal according to the WSN terminal identifier.
  • Step 301 The service platform sends the identifier of the WSN terminal that is searched to the wireless sensor network management platform.
  • Step 302 The wireless sensor network management platform queries the information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located according to the WSN terminal identifier, and then sends the information of the wireless sensor network to the service platform.
  • the service platform may establish communication with the gateway according to the network address of the gateway in the wireless sensor network information in the telecommunication network.
  • Step 304 The gateway queries the network address of the WSN terminal in the wireless sensor network according to the identifier of the WSN terminal, and the gateway establishes a communication connection with the WSN terminal at the network address.
  • the gateway can wake up the WSN terminal and establish a communication connection in accordance with the ZigBee communication protocol.
  • Step 305 The gateway notifies the service platform that the WSN terminal has been found.
  • Step 306 The service platform and the WSN terminal communicate through the gateway.
  • the service platform can send the data to the gateway, the gateway parses according to the communication protocol of the telecommunication network, and then parses the parsed data according to the ZigBee communication protocol and sends it to the WSN terminal.
  • the WSN terminal can first send the data sent to the service platform to the gateway through the ZigBee communication protocol, and the gateway parses according to the ZigBee communication protocol, and then encapsulates the parsed data according to the communication protocol of the telecommunication network and sends the data to the service platform.
  • the above process can also be used when other network element entities other than the service platform and the wireless sensor network management platform look up the WSN terminal.
  • the combined network of the present invention comprises a wireless sensor network and a telecommunication network, wherein the wireless sensor network WSN is provided with a WSN terminal and a gateway; the telecommunication network is provided with a wireless sensor network management platform; the specific structure can refer to the relevant protocol and FIG.
  • the network structure shown, specifically, the following network elements in the above-mentioned combined network have the following functions, which are described in detail below.
  • the network element entity set in the above telecommunication network such as the wireless sensor network management platform itself or the wireless sensor network service platform, may also be other network entities; the network element entity is managed from the wireless sensor network when addressing the WSN terminal.
  • the platform obtains the information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located, and finds the WSN terminal through the gateway of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located.
  • the above wireless sensor network management platform is further configured to store the WSN terminal and the WSN terminal Correspondence information between wireless sensor networks.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform stores information of the wireless sensor network, where the information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located includes network identification information of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located, identification information of the gateway, and address of the gateway in the telecommunication network. At least one of information, interface information of the gateway and the telecommunications network connection.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform saves the information of the WSN terminal, and the information of the WSN terminal includes the identifier of the WSN terminal and the network identifier of the wireless sensor network where the WSN terminal is located.
  • the communication connection between the network element entity and the wireless sensor network is established based on a network protocol supported by the telecommunication network;
  • the communication connection between the wireless sensor network and the WSN terminal is established based on a network protocol supported by the wireless sensor network.
  • the network unit entity establishes a communication connection with the gateway of the wireless sensor network according to the information of the gateway of the wireless sensor network where the obtained WSN terminal is located.
  • the network element entity is a wireless sensor network management platform, or a wireless sensor network service platform, or other network element entity.
  • the gateway of the wireless sensor network stores information of the WSN terminal in the wireless sensor network, where the information of the WSN terminal includes an identifier of the WSN terminal and a network address of the WSN terminal in the wireless sensor network.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform searches for a wireless sensor network to which the WSN terminal belongs according to the WSN terminal identification information when receiving the service request related to the WSN terminal. And determining gateway address information of the wireless sensor network and establishing a communication connection with a gateway of the wireless sensor network.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform further initiates a seek request for the WSN terminal by a communication connection with a gateway of the wireless sensor network, where the request carries the WSN terminal identification information;
  • the gateway of the wireless sensor network further searches for the network address information of the WSN terminal according to the WSN terminal identification information.
  • the network element entity is a wireless sensor network service platform disposed in the telecommunication network; when the wireless sensor network service platform receives a service request related to the WSN terminal, forwarding the WSN terminal identification information to the a wireless sensor network management platform; the wireless sensor network management platform searches for a wireless sensor network to which the WSN terminal belongs according to the WSN terminal identification information, and determines gateway address information of the wireless sensor network, and the wireless sensor network The gateway address information is sent to the wireless sensor network service platform, and the wireless sensor network service platform establishes a communication connection with the gateway of the wireless sensor network according to the gateway address of the wireless sensor network. The wireless sensor network service platform further initiates a search request for the WSN terminal by using a communication connection with the gateway of the wireless sensor network, where the request carries the WSN terminal identification information;
  • the gateway of the wireless sensor network further searches for the network address information of the WSN terminal according to the WSN terminal identification information.
  • the above-mentioned wireless sensor network service platform and the wireless sensor network service platform perform the WSN terminal search only for illustrative purposes, and are not intended to limit the technical solution of the present invention.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种无线传感器网络终端的寻址方法，应用于结合网络中，所述结合网络包括无线传感器网络和电信网络，所述无线传感器网络中设有WSN终端和网关；所述电信网络中设有无线传感器网络管理平台；所述方法包括：所述电信网络中的网络单元实体进行WSN终端的寻址时，从无线传感器网络管理平台获得WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息，并通过WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的网关寻找到WSN终端。本发明同时公开了一种结合网络。通过本发明所提供的方法，支持电信网络中任意网络实体发起与WSN终端的通信，实现成本较低。

Description

无线传感器网络终端的寻址方法及结合网络 技术领域
本发明涉及结合网络技术， 尤其涉及一种无线传感器网络（WSN , Wireless Sensor Network )终端的寻址方法及结合网络。 背景技术
无线传感器网络作为计算、 通信和传感器三项技术相结合的产物， 是 一种全新的信息获取和处理技术。 由于近来微型制造技术、 通讯技术及电 池技术的改进， 促使微小的传感器终端可具有感应、 无线通讯及处理信息 的能力。 此类传感器终端不但能够感应及侦测环境的目标物及其改变， 并 且可处理收集到的数据， 并将处理过后的资料以无线传输的方式送到数据 收集中心。 这些传感器终端通常由电源、 感知部件、 嵌入式处理器、 存储 器、 通信部件和执行软件这几部分构成。 其中， 电源为传感器节点提供正 常工作所必需的能源。 感知部件用于感知、 获取外界的信息， 并将其转换 为数字信号。 嵌入式处理器负责协调节点各部分的工作， 如对感知部件获 取的信息进行必要的处理、 保存， 控制感知部件和电源的工作模式等。 通 信部件负责与其他传感器或观察者进行通信。 执行软件则为传感器终端提 供必要的软件支持， 如嵌入式操作系统、 嵌入式数据库系统等。 借助于传 感器终端中内置的形式多样的感知部件来测量该传感器终端所在周边环境 中的热、 红外、 声纳、 雷达和地震波信号， 从而探测包括温度、 湿度、 噪 声、 光强度、 压力、 土壤成分、 移动物体的大小、 速度和方向等众多信息。 传感器终端一般通过自组织或预配置的方式构成网络。 在通信方式上， 虽 然可以釆用有线、 无线、 红外和光等多种形式， 但一般认为短距离的无线 低功率通信技术最适合传感器网络的使用， 一般称作无线传感器网络。 目 前使用比较广泛的无线低功率通信技术包括： IEEE( Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ) 802.15.4和 ZigBee技术。
IEEE 802.15.4 是由 IEEE 开发的低速无线个域网 （WPAN, Wireless Personal Area Network )标准。 IEEE 802.15.4规定了物理层和介质访问控制 层（ MAC , Media Access Control )标准。 符合 IEEE 802.15.4标准的通信模 块具备低成本、 低耗电、 小尺寸的特点。
ZigBee联盟是一个致力于在开放的全球标准的基础上， 开发可靠的、 低成本、 低耗电、 无线网络连接的监测和控制产品的组织。 ZigBee标准的 物理层和 MAC层釆用 IEEE 802.15.4技术， 网络层、 安全管理、 应用层规 范以及互通性由 ZigBee联盟开发。 ZigBee标准中的 ZigBee智能能源公共 应用规范 ( ZigBee smart energy public applications profile )和 ZigBee家庭自 动化应用规范 ( ZigBee home automation public applications profile )分另 ll针 对商业环境应用和家庭应用。
WSN终端的微处理能力和无线通信能力使无线传感器网络有广阔的应 用前景， 其应用包括军事应用、 生物和环境监测、 健康应用、 家庭应用、 工业控制和监测等。
无线传感器网络和电信网结合， 如第二代（2G, 2nd Generation )移动 通信、 第三代（3G, 3rd Generation )移动通信、 xDSL ( x Digital Subscriber line )、 FTTx ( Fiber To The x, x为 home、 building、 node、 premises等)、 宽带无线接入、卫星 /微波等， 可以使无线传感器网络作为现有网络的延伸， 扩展通信网络的能力， 使通信对象从人扩展到物理世界， 具有良好的发展 前景。 无线传感器网络与现有的电信网络结合后， 可以使无线传感器网络 感知的数据有效地传递到数据中心， 通过对数据的整理和分析， 可以极大 程度地改变人类获取自然世界的数据的方式， 同时也能够对无线传感器网 络进行集中的管理， 解决目前分散在各处的无线传感器网络难以管理的问 题。
无线传感器网络与电信网络结合， 是指将无线传感器网络与电信网络 相连接， 利用电信网络对无线传感器网络及其提供的业务进行监控、 管理 及完成业务的承载与合作实施， 并通过电信网络扩展无线传感器网络所提 供的业务。 无线传感器网络和电信网的结合一般是无线传感器网络通过网 关设备连接至电信网平台。
WSN终端为构成无线传感器网络的传感器节点， 通过一跳或多跳与网 关连接。 WSN终端负责釆集并上传数据， 以及接收并执行命令。 组成无线 传感器网络的设备少则几个多则几百个， 设备间可根据需要以星形、 树形 或网状（MESH )等方式组网， 其中某些设备或具有较强的组网和数据转发 能力。
无线传感器网络和电信网络结合后，除了实现 WSN终端通过网关将有 关数据上报给电信网络侧的有关网络单元实体，从 WSN终端管理的角度考 虑， 在 WSN终端的软件需要升级或者 WSN终端内的参数需要更新等情况 下， 需要电信网络侧的有关网络单元实体主动建立和 WSN终端的通信， 建 立通信后， 执行 WSN终端的软件升级和参数更新等业务。 但 WSN终端处 于无线传感器网络内， 无线传感器网络和目前的电信网络釆用不同的地址 管理方法， 电信网络侧的网关单元实体不能直接建立和 WSN终端的通信。 目前针对该问题和需求， 还没有对应的技术方案。
因此在无线传感器网络和电信网络的结合时，需要考虑 WSN终端的寻 址方法， 使电信网络侧的有关网络单元实体能够寻找到位于无线传感器网 络中的 WSN终端并建立和 WSN终端的通信， 从而可以使电信网络侧的有 关网络单元实体执行对 WSN终端的管理功能。 发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的主要目的在于提供一种 WSN终端的寻址方法及结 合网络，能支持电信网络中任意网络实体与无线传感器网络中的 WSN终端 进行通信。
为达到上述目的， 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种无线传感器网络终端的寻址方法， 应用于结合网络中， 所述结合 网络包括无线传感器网络和电信网络，所述无线传感器网络中设有 WSN终 端和网关； 所述电信网络中设有无线传感器网络管理平台； 所述方法包括： 所述电信网络中的网络单元实体进行 WSN终端的寻址时，从无线传感 器网络管理平台获得 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息，并通过 WSN 终端所在的无线传感器网络的网关寻找到 WSN终端。
优选地， 所述无线传感器网络管理平台中存储有 WSN终端与该 WSN 终端所属的无线传感器网络的之间的对应关系信息。
优选地， 所述无线传感器网络管理平台保存 WSN 终端的信息， 所述 WSN终端的信息包括 WSN终端的标识和 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网 络的网络标识。
优选地，所述从无线传感器网络管理平台获得 WSN终端所在的无线传 感器网络的信息， 并通过 WSN 终端所在的无线传感器网络的网关寻找到 WSN终端， 为：
所述网络单元实体根据 WSN 终端的标识从所述从无线传感器网络管 理平台获得该 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息； 根据获得的 WSN 终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息，所述网络单元实体建立与 WSN终端所 在的无线传感器网络的通信连接；所述网络单元实体将 WSN终端的标识提 供给 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的网关， 所述 WSN终端所在的无线 传感器网络的网关根据该 WSN终端标识获得该 WSN终端在无线传感器网 络的网络地址。
优选地， 所述无线传感器网络管理平台保存无线传感器网络的信息， 所述 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息包括 WSN终端所在的无线传 感器网络的网络标识信息、 网关的标识信息、 网关在电信网络中的地址信 息、 网关与电信网络连接的接口信息中的至少一个。
优选地， 所述无线传感器网络的网关保存所述无线传感器网络中的 WSN终端的信息， 所述 WSN终端的信息包括 WSN终端的标识、 WSN终 端在无线传感器网络的网络地址。
优选地， 才艮据获得的 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息， 所述网 络单元实体建立与 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的通信连接， 为： 所述网络单元实体根据获得的 WSN 终端所在的无线传感器网络的网 关的信息与所述无线传感器网络的网关建立通信连接。
优选地， 所述网络单元实体为无线传感器网络管理平台、 或无线传感 器网络业务平台、 或其它网络单元实体。
一种结合网络， 包括无线传感器网络和电信网络， 所述无线传感器网 络 WSN中设有 WSN终端和网关； 所述电信网络中设有无线传感器网络管 理平台； 其中，
所述电信网络中设置的网络单元实体， 在进行 WSN终端的寻址时， 从 无线传感器网络管理平台获得 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息，并 通过 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的网关寻找到 WSN终端。
优选地，所述无线传感器网络管理平台还用于保存 WSN终端与该 WSN 终端所属的无线传感器网络之间的对应关系信息。
优选地， 所述网络单元实体进一步地， 根据 WSN终端的标识从所述从 无线传感器网络管理平台获得该 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息； 根据获得的 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息，所述网络单元实体建 立与 WSN 终端所在的无线传感器网络的通信连接； 所述网络单元实体将 WSN终端的标识提供给 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络， 所述 WSN终 端所在的无线传感器网络根据该 WSN终端标识获得该 WSN终端在无线传 感器网络的网络地址。
优选地， 所述无线传感器网络管理平台保存无线传感器网络的信息， 所述 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息包括 WSN终端所在的无线传 感器网络的网络标识信息、 网关的标识信息、 网关在电信网络中的地址信 息、 网关与电信网络连接的接口信息中的至少一个。
优选地，所述网络单元实体具体根据获得的 WSN终端所在的无线传感 器网络的网关的信息与所述无线传感器网络的网关建立通信连接。
优选地， 所述网络单元实体为无线传感器网络管理平台、 或无线传感 器网络业务平台、 或其它网络单元实体。
本发明中， 通过将无线传感器网络和电信网络进行结合， 大大拓展了 无线传感器网络的应用功能， 并且， 通过在结合网络中电信网络侧的网络 单元实体可以寻找到位于无线传感器网络中的 WSN终端并建立起与 WSN 终端的通信， 可以完善电信网络中的网络单元实体对 WSN终端的管理。 通 过本发明所提供的方法，支持电信网络中任意网络实体发起与 WSN终端的 通信， 实现成本较氐。 附图说明
图 1为本发明结合网络结构的示意图；
图 2为本发明一种 WSN终端的寻址的方法的流程图；
图 3为本发明另一种 WSN终端的寻址的方法的流程图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚明白， 以下举实施例并 参照附图， 对本发明进一步详细说明。
在本发明中， 无线传感器网络是由一组传感器节点设备以自组织方式 组成的无线网络， 传感器节点设备间以近距离无线通信技术进行通信。 无 线传感器网络通常部署在几米至几百米的区域范围内， 其中传感器节点设 备通常是由电池供电， 具有较低的功耗和成本。 近距离通信技术一般釆用
ZigBee和 IEEE 802.15.4技术。
在本发明中， 无线传感器网络与电信网络结合， 是指将无线传感器网 络与电信网络相连接， 利用电信网络对无线传感器网络及其提供的业务进 行监控、 管理及完成业务的承载与合作实施， 并通过电信网络扩展无线传 感器网络所提供的业务。 电信网络包括移动通信网络、 xDSL、 FTTx、 卫星 通信等多种通信网络。
在本发明中， 无线传感器网络由 WSN终端和网关设备组成， WSN终 端和网关可以按照无线传感器网络的有关技术标准组建， 可用于组建无线 传感器网络的近距离通信技术包括 ZigBee技术、 IEEE 802.15.4标准等。 无 线传感器网络通过网关连接到电信网络， 和电信网络中的无线传感器网络 管理平台等建立通信。
图 1为本发明结合网络结构的示意图， 如图 1所示， 结合网络， 包括 无线传感器网络和电信网络； 其中，
所述无线传感器网络中设有 WSN终端和网关；所述电信网络中设有业 务平台和无线传感器网络管理平台。
本发明中， 无线传感器网络是由一组传感器节点设备以自组织方式组 成的无线网络， 传感器节点设备间以近距离无线通信技术进行通信。 无线 传感器网络通常部署在几米至几百米的区域范围内， 其中传感器节点设备 通常是由电池供电， 具有较低的功耗和成本。 近距离通信技术一般釆用 ZigBee和 IEEE 802.15.4技术。
本发明中， 无线传感器网络与电信网络的结合， 是指将无线传感器网 络与电信网络相连接， 利用电信网络对无线传感器网络及其提供的业务进 行监控、 管理， 以及完成业务的承载与合作实施， 并通过电信网络扩展无 线传感器网络所提供的业务。 电信网络包括移动通信网络、 xDSL、 FTTx、 卫星通信等多种通信网络。
本发明中， 为了实现无线传感器网络和电信网络的连接， 无线传感器 网络通过网关加入电信网络并经由电信网络与电信网络的业务平台、 无线 传感器网络管理平台相连。 WSN 终端通过网关设备连接至电信网平台。
WSN终端设备为构成无线传感器网络的传感器节点， 通过一跳或多跳与网 关连接。 WSN终端设备负责釆集并上传数据， 以及接收并执行命令。 组成 WSN的设备少则几个多则几百个，设备间可根据需要以星形、树形或 MESH 方式组网， 其中某些设备或具有较强的组网和数据转发能力。 WSN终端处 于无线传感器网络的最末端。 具体的， WSN终端为执行监测任务的各种传 感器， 如温度传感器、 湿度传感器等。
本发明中， 网关负责连接无线传感器网络和电信网络， 主要完成协议 转换、 地址映射和数据转发等功能， 也可以集成安全和计费、 无线传感器 网络的创建等功能。 网关可以支持的功能可以包括： 支持传感器网络内部 数据协同和汇聚； 支持以 2G移动通信、 3G移动通信、 xDSL、 FTTx、 宽带 无线加入、 卫星 /微波等远距离通信加入方式的一种或多种， 将汇聚的数据 传输到通信对端；支持业务平台和远程管理服务器对 WSN网关的设备认证 和用户认证；支持业务平台和远程管理服务器对 WSN网关的参数和软件配 置； 支持用户认证和业务安全、 设备管理安全机制； 无线传感器网络的创 建和管理。
业务平台是电信网络中运行和管理电信网络及无线传感器网络中共同 业务的功能实体， 负责整合各个服务提供商提供的业务， 并将其提供给终 端用户， 同时对用户使用业务的情况进行管理。 业务平台会根据不同业务 的需要， 协同电信网络中其他功能实体， 例如认证授权计费 （AAA , Authentication Authorization and Accounting )月良务器冗成整个业务: 程。 业 务平台还可能与远程服务器连接， 直接对业务进行更新。
无线传感器网络管理平台是对无线传感器网络实施管理的功能实体。 无线传感器网络管理平台可以由管理服务器组成， 管理服务器通过电信网 络对无线传感器网络实施管理功能。
本发明的实施例中， 无线传感器网络是基于 ZigBee技术组建的。
ZigBee是一种新兴的短距离、 低速率、 低成本、 低功耗的无线网络技 术。 它釆用直接序列扩频（ DSSS , Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum )技术， 工作频率为 868MHz、 915MHz或 2.4GHz。 基于 ZigBee技术配置无线个域 网络是近年来近距离无线通信技术的一种新发展， 在工业自动化领域以及 智能家居领域获得了越来越广泛的应用。
ZigBee网络中有三种类型的节点： ZigBee协调点、 ZigBee路由节点和
ZigBee终端节点。
ZigBee 协调点在 IEEE 802.15.4 中也称为个域网 （Personal Area Network, PAN )协调点 （ZC, ZigBee Coordinator ), 在无线传感器网络中 可以作为汇聚节点。 ZigBee协调点必须是全功能设备 ( FFD , Full Function Device ), 一个 ZigBee网络只有一个 ZigBee协调点， 它往往比网络中其他 节点的功能更强大， 是整个网络的主控节点。 它负责发起建立新的网络、 设定网络参数、 管理网络中的节点以及存储网络中节点信息等， 网络形成 后也可以执行路由器的功能。 ZigBee协调点是三种类型 ZigBee节点最为复 杂的一种， 一般由交流电源持续供电。
ZigBee路由节点 （ ZR, ZigBee Router )也必须是全功能设备。 ZigBee 路由节点可以参与路由发现、 消息转发， 通过连接别的节点来扩展网络的 覆盖范围等。此外， ZigBee路由节点还可以在它的个操作空间（ POS , Personal Operating Space ) 中充当普通协调点 （ IEEE 802.15.4称为协调点）。 普通协 调点与 ZigBee协调点不同， 它仍然受 ZigBee协调点的控制。
ZigBee终端节点 （ZE, ZigBee EndDevice ) 可以是全功能设备或者精 简功能设备 ( RFD , Reduced Function Device ) , 它通过 ZigBee协凋点或者 ZigBee 路由节点连接到网络， 但不允许其他任何节点通过它加入网络， ZigBee终端节点能够以非常低的功率运行。
本发明中， 网关作为 ZigBee网络中的 ZigBee协调点， 负责无线传感器 网络的组建。 WSN终端可以作为 ZigBee路由节点或者 ZigBee终端节点加 入无线传感器网络。 网关和 WSN终端需要支持 ZigBee通信技术。 为了区 分不同的无线传感器网络， 网关创建无线传感器网络时， 网关需要为该无 线传感器网络选择一个网络标识（ PAN ID ), 通过该网络标识来标识该无线 传感器网络。 无线传感器网络的网络标识可以由网关指定， 也可以由无线 传感器网络管理平台指定。
本发明中， 网关创建无线传感器网络后， 可以由网关或者由无线传感 器网络管理平台确定该无线传感器网络的网络标识， 无线传感器网络管理 平台中记录该无线传感器网络的信息， 包括： 无线传感器网络的网络标识， 该无线传感器网络中的网关的信息； 网关的信息可以包括网关的标识、 网 关在电信网络中的网络地址等。 无线传感器网络管理平台可以在数据库中 保存无线传感器网络的信息。 本发明中， 根据 WSN终端所在的无线传感器 网络的网络标识信息、 网关的标识信息、 网关在电信网络中的地址信息、 网关与电信网络连接的接口信息中的至少一个来确定出 WSN 终端所在的 无线传感器网络。
另外， 为了实现 ZigBee网络的安全， 可以对无线传感器网络中的通信 进行加密， ZigBee 网络中的加密运算釆用先进加密标准算法 （ AES , Advanced Encryption Standard ), 釆用的对称密钥长度为 128位。 ZigBee网 络中使用的密钥主要包括： 主密钥 （Master key )。 该密钥是执行对称钥密钥建立协议过程中使用 的一个共享密钥。 主密钥是两个设备之间长期安全的基础， 并可用于生成 链接密钥。
链接密钥（Link key )。在一个 PAN网中，是两个设备之间共享的密钥， 用于两个设备之间的安全通信。
网络密钥 （Network key )。 该密钥为一个 PAN网络中共享的密钥， 用 于广播通信的安全。
为实现 ZigBee网络的安全和密钥的管理等， ZigBee网络中存在信任中 心。 信任中心是在网络中分配安全钥匙的一种令人信任的设备， 它允许设 备加入网络， 并分配密钥， 因而确保设备之间端到端的安全性。 在釆用安 全机制的网络中， 网络协调者可成为信任中心。 信任中心提供以下三种功 能：
信任管理。 任务是负责对加入网络的设备验证。
网络管理。 任务是负责获取和分配网络钥匙给设备。
配置管理。 任务是对其管理的设备绑定应用程序， 在两设备之间实现 端到端的安全传输。
为了实现信任管理， 设备需要信任中心接收初始主密钥。
为了实现网络管理的目的， 设备应接收初始的网络密钥， 并且只能从 信任中心获得网络密钥的更新。
为实现网络配置， 设备需要从信任中心接收主密钥或链路密钥， 以建 立两个设备间的端对端的安全链路。
除了初始的主密钥， 附加的链路密钥、 主密钥、 网络密钥只能够釆用 安全的方式从信任中心获得。 信任中心应当根据某一策略周期性地更新网 络密钥， 并将新的网络密钥传送给每个设备。
本发明中， 由网关作为信任中心进行网络的安全管理。 在釆用 ZigBee 技术组建的无线传感器网络中， 一个 WSN终端加入无线传感器网络时， 从 网关获得实现安全通信的网络配置参数， 网络配置参数可以包括网络地址、 初始主密钥和网络密钥等， WSN终端使用网络配置参数加入到该无线传感 器网络并实现安全通信。 WSN 终端加入无线传感器网络的过程可以釆用 ZigBee技术中的有关规范， 在本发明中不再进行说明。
在本发明中，为了标识 WSN终端，每个 WSN终端可以具有一个标识。 对于 WSN终端的识别，可以釆用与国际移动设备身份码（ IMEI, International Mobile Equipment Identity )类似的格式对 WSN终端进行标识。 WSN终端 的标识可以由 WSN终端设备提供商在生产 WSN终端时将 WSN终端的标 识写进 WSN终端。
在本发明中， WSN终端加入到无线传感器网络后， 无线传感器网络的 网关记录并保存该 WSN终端的信息， WSN终端的信息包括 WSN终端的 标识、 WSN终端在无线传感器网络中的网络地址、 WSN终端的路由信息 等。无线传感器网络的网关可以釆用内置在网关中的数据库保存 WSN终端 的信息。
在本发明中， WSN终端加入到无线传感器网络后， 无线传感器网络中 的网关可以通知无线传感器网络管理平台和业务平台。 无线传感器网络管 理平台记录并保存 WSN终端的信息， WSN终端的信息包括 WSN终端的 标识、 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的网络标识、 WSN终端的设备能 力参数等信息；无线传感器网络管理平台可以在数据库中保存 WSN终端的 信息。 业务平台配置 WSN终端执行的业务的有关参数， 启用 WSN终端支 持的有关业务。
在本发明中，无线传感器网络管理平台保存有 WSN终端的信息和无线 传感器网络的信息， 因此可以才艮据 WSN终端的标识查询到 WSN终端所在 的无线传感器网络的信息。无线传感器网络管理平台可以先才艮据 WSN终端 的标识在无线传感器网络管理平台保存的 WSN终端信息中查询到 WSN终 端所在的无线传感器网络的网络标识； 然后根据查询到的无线传感器网络 的网络标识在无线传感器网络管理平台保存的无线传感器网络信息中查询 到对应的无线传感器网络信息。
无线传感器网络和电信网结合后， 电信网络侧的无线传感器网络管理 平台和业务平台等网络单元实体执行对 WSN终端的管理时， 例如 WSN终 端的软件升级、 参数更新等， 这时需要网络单元实体能够寻找到 WSN终端 并建立起和 WSN终端的通信。
本发明下面描述网络侧的网络单元实体寻找到 WSN终端，并建立通信 的方法。
在网络单元实体是无线传感器网络管理平台时， 无线传感器网络管理 平台可以根据 WSN终端的标识在其保存的 WSN终端的信息中查询到 WSN 终端所在的无线传感器网络中的信息， 然后根据获得的信息建立和无线传 感器网络中的网关的通信并将 WSN 终端的标识发送给网关， 由网关根据 WSN终端标识寻找到对应的 WSN终端。
下面结合图 2描述无线传感器网络管理平台寻找 WSN终端并建立通信 的方法：
步骤 201 , 无线传感器网络管理平台根据 WSN终端标识查询 WSN终 端所在的无线传感器网络的信息。
步骤 202, 无线传感器网络管理平台和 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网 络中的网关建立通信， 将寻找的 WSN终端的标识发送给网关。 无线传感器 网络管理平台可以根据所述无线传感器网络信息中的网关在电信网络中的 网络地址建立和网关的通信。
步骤 203 , 所述网关才艮据 WSN终端的标识查询到 WSN终端在该无线 传感器网络的网络地址， 网关 居该网络地址和该 WSN 终端建立通信连 接。 网关可以按照 ZigBee通信协议唤醒该 WSN终端并建立通信连接。 步骤 204, 所述网关通知无线传感器网络管理平台已经寻找到 WSN终 端。
步骤 205, 无线传感器网络管理平台和 WSN终端通过网关进行通信。 无线传感器网络管理平台和网关之间可以釆用电信网络的通信协议进行通 信 , 例如 TCP/IP协议； WSN终端和网关之间按照 ZigBee通信协议进行通 信。 无线传感器网络管理平台可以将数据发送给网关， 网关按照电信网络 的通信协议进行解析， 然后将解析得到的数据按照 ZigBee通信协议进行封 装并发送给 WSN终端。 WSN终端可以将发送给无线传感器网络管理平台 的数据先通过 ZigBee协议发送给网关，网关按照 ZigBee通信协议进行解析 , 然后将解析得到的数据按照电信网络的通信协议进行封装并发送给无线传 感器网络管理平台。
在网络单元实体是业务平台时，业务平台可以将查找的 WSN终端的标 识提供给无线传感器网络管理平台， 无线传感器网络管理平台可以根据 WSN终端的标识在其保存的 WSN终端的信息中查询到 WSN终端所在的 无线传感器网络中的信息并将该信息提供给业务平台， 业务平台根据获得 的无线传感器网络的信息建立和无线传感器网络中的网关的通信并将 WSN 终端的标识发送给网关， 由网关根据 WSN终端标识寻找到对应的 WSN终 端。
下面结合图 3描述业务平台寻找 WSN终端并建立通信的方法： 步骤 301 , 业务平台将查找的 WSN终端的标识发送给无线传感器网络 管理平台。
步骤 302, 无线传感器网络管理平台根据 WSN终端标识查询 WSN终 端所在的无线传感器网络的信息， 然后将无线传感器网络的信息发送给业 务平台。 步骤 303 , 业务平台和 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络中的网关建立 通信， 将寻找的 WSN终端的标识发送给网关。 业务平台可以根据所述无线 传感器网络信息中的网关在电信网络中的网络地址建立和网关的通信。
步骤 304, 所述网关才艮据 WSN终端的标识查询到 WSN终端在该无线 传感器网络的网络地址， 网关 居该网络地址和该 WSN 终端建立通信连 接。 网关可以按照 ZigBee通信协议唤醒该 WSN终端并建立通信连接。
步骤 305, 所述网关通知业务平台已经寻找到 WSN终端。
步骤 306, 业务平台和 WSN终端通过网关进行通信。 业务平台可以将 数据发送给网关， 网关按照电信网络的通信协议进行解析， 然后将解析得 到的数据按照 ZigBee通信协议进行封装并发送给 WSN终端。 WSN终端可 以将发送给业务平台的数据先通过 ZigBee通信协议发送给网关， 网关按照 ZigBee通信协议进行解析， 然后将解析得到的数据按照电信网络的通信协 议进行封装并发送给业务平台。
当除了业务平台和无线传感器网络管理平台的其他网络单元实体查找 WSN终端时， 也可以釆用上面的流程。
本发明的结合网络， 包括无线传感器网络和电信网络， 所述无线传感 器网络 WSN中设有 WSN终端和网关； 所述电信网络中设有无线传感器网 络管理平台； 具体结构可参照相关协议及图 1 所示的网络结构， 具体的， 上述结合网络中的下述网元具有下述功能， 以下详细描述。
上述电信网络中设置的网络单元实体如无线传感器网络管理平台本身 或无线传感器网络业务平台等实体， 也可以是其他网络实体； 上述网络单 元实体在进行 WSN终端的寻址时， 从无线传感器网络管理平台获得 WSN 终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息，并通过 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网 络的网关寻找到 WSN终端。
上述无线传感器网络管理平台还用于存储 WSN终端与该 WSN终端所 属的无线传感器网络之间的对应关系信息。
所述无线传感器网络管理平台保存无线传感器网络的信息， 所述 WSN 终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息包括 WSN 终端所在的无线传感器网络 的网络标识信息、 网关的标识信息、 网关在电信网络中的地址信息、 网关 与电信网络连接的接口信息中的至少一个。
上述无线传感器网络管理平台保存 WSN终端的信息， 所述 WSN终端 的信息包括 WSN终端的标识和 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的网络标 识。
上述网络单元实体与所述无线传感器网络之间的通信连接基于电信网 络所支持的网络协议而建立；
所述无线传感器网络与所述 WSN 终端之间的通信连接基于无线传感 器网络所支持的网络协议而建立。
所述网络单元实体具体根据获得的 WSN 终端所在的无线传感器网络 的网关的信息与所述无线传感器网络的网关建立通信连接。
上述网络单元实体为无线传感器网络管理平台、 或无线传感器网络业 务平台、 或者其它网络单元实体。
上述无线传感器网络的网关保存所述无线传感器网络中的 WSN 终端 的信息， 所述 WSN终端的信息包括 WSN终端的标识、 WSN终端在无线 传感器网络的网络地址。
具体的， 当上述网络单元实体为无线传感器网络管理平台时； 所述无 线传感器网络管理平台在接收到与 WSN终端有关的业务请求时，根据 WSN 终端标识信息查找所述 WSN终端所属的无线传感器网络，并确定所述无线 传感器网络的网关地址信息， 并与所述无线传感器网络的网关建立通信连 接。 所述无线传感器网络管理平台进一步通过与所述无线传感器网络的网 关之间的通信连接发起对所述 WSN终端的寻找请求，所述请求中携带所述 WSN终端标识信息；
所述无线传感器网络的网关进一步根据所述 WSN 终端标识信息查找 出所述 WSN终端的网络地址信息。
当上述网络单元实体为设置于所述电信网络中的无线传感器网络业务 平台时；所述无线传感器网络业务平台接收到与 WSN终端有关的业务请求 时， 将所述 WSN终端标识信息转发给所述无线传感器网络管理平台； 所述 无线传感器网络管理平台才艮据 WSN终端标识信息查找所述 WSN终端所属 的无线传感器网络， 并确定所述无线传感器网络的网关地址信息， 并将所 述无线传感器网络的网关地址信息发送给所述无线传感器网络业务平台， 所述无线传感器网络业务平台根据所述无线传感器网络的网关地址与所述 无线传感器网络的网关建立通信连接。 所述无线传感器网络业务平台进一 步通过与所述无线传感器网络的网关之间的通信连接发起对所述 WSN 终 端的寻找请求， 所述请求中携带所述 WSN终端标识信息；
所述无线传感器网络的网关进一步根据所述 WSN 终端标识信息查找 出所述 WSN终端的网络地址信息。
上述无线传感器网络业务平台及无线传感器网络业务平台进行 WSN 终端寻找仅为示例性说明， 并非用于限定本发明的技术方案。
本领域技术人员应当理解， 上述网元所实现的功能可参照前述方法的 相关描述而理解。
以上所述， 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种无线传感器网络终端的寻址方法， 应用于结合网络中， 所述结 合网络包括无线传感器网络和电信网络， 所述无线传感器网络中设有无线 传感器网络 WSN终端和网关；所述电信网络中设有无线传感器网络管理平 台； 其特征在于， 所述方法包括：
所述电信网络中的网络单元实体进行 WSN终端的寻址时，从无线传感 器网络管理平台获得 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息，并通过 WSN 终端所在的无线传感器网络的网关寻找到 WSN终端。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述无线传感器网络管 理平台中存储有 WSN终端与该 WSN终端所属的无线传感器网络的之间的 对应关系信息。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述无线传感器网络管 理平台保存 WSN终端的信息， 所述 WSN终端的信息包括 WSN终端的标 识和 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的网络标识。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述从无线传感器网络 管理平台获得 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息， 并通过 WSN终端 所在的无线传感器网络的网关寻找到 WSN终端， 具体为：
所述网络单元实体根据 WSN 终端的标识从所述从无线传感器网络管 理平台获得该 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息； 根据获得的 WSN 终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息，所述网络单元实体建立与 WSN终端所 在的无线传感器网络的通信连接；所述网络单元实体将 WSN终端的标识提 供给 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的网关， 所述 WSN终端所在的无线 传感器网络的网关根据该 WSN终端标识获得该 WSN终端在无线传感器网 络的网络地址。
5、 根据权利要求 1至 4任一项所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述无线传 感器网络管理平台保存无线传感器网络的信息，所述 WSN终端所在的无线 传感器网络的信息包括 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的网络标识信息、 网关的标识信息、 网关在电信网络中的地址信息、 网关与电信网络连接的 接口信息中的至少一个。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述无线传感器网络的 网关保存所述无线传感器网络中的 WSN终端的信息， 所述 WSN终端的信 息包括 WSN终端的标识、 WSN终端在无线传感器网络的网络地址。
7、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法， 其特征在于， 根据获得的 WSN终端 所在的无线传感器网络的信息，所述网络单元实体建立与 WSN终端所在的 无线传感器网络的通信连接， 具体为：
所述网络单元实体根据获得的 WSN 终端所在的无线传感器网络的网 关的信息与所述无线传感器网络的网关建立通信连接。
8、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述网络单元实体为无 线传感器网络管理平台、 或无线传感器网络业务平台、 或其它网络单元实 体。
9、 一种结合网络， 包括无线传感器网络和电信网络， 所述无线传感器 网络 WSN中设有 WSN终端和网关； 所述电信网络中设有无线传感器网络 管理平台； 其特征在于，
所述电信网络中设置的网络单元实体， 在进行 WSN终端的寻址时， 从 无线传感器网络管理平台获得 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息，并 通过 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的网关寻找到 WSN终端。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的结合网络， 其特征在于， 所述无线传感器 网络管理平台还用于保存 WSN终端与该 WSN终端所属的无线传感器网络 之间的对应关系信息。
11、 根据权利要求 9 所述的结合网络， 其特征在于， 所述网络单元实 体进一步地，根据 WSN终端的标识从所述从无线传感器网络管理平台获得 该 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络的信息； 根据获得的 WSN终端所在的 无线传感器网络的信息，所述网络单元实体建立与 WSN终端所在的无线传 感器网络的通信连接； 所述网络单元实体将 WSN终端的标识提供给 WSN 终端所在的无线传感器网络，所述 WSN终端所在的无线传感器网络根据该 WSN终端标识获得该 WSN终端在无线传感器网络的网络地址。
12、 根据权利要求 9至 11任一项所述的结合网络， 其特征在于， 所述 无线传感器网络管理平台保存无线传感器网络的信息，所述 WSN终端所在 的无线传感器网络的信息包括 WSN 终端所在的无线传感器网络的网络标 识信息、 网关的标识信息、 网关在电信网络中的地址信息、 网关与电信网 络连接的接口信息中的至少一个。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的结合网络， 其特征在于， 所述网络单元实 体具体根据获得的 WSN 终端所在的无线传感器网络的网关的信息与所述 无线传感器网络的网关建立通信连接。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的结合网络， 其特征在于， 所述网络单元实 体为无线传感器网络管理平台、 或无线传感器网络业务平台、 或其它网络 单元实体。
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