WO2011116588A1 - 结合网络及无线传感器网络终端加入网络的方法 - Google Patents

结合网络及无线传感器网络终端加入网络的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011116588A1
WO2011116588A1 PCT/CN2010/076695 CN2010076695W WO2011116588A1 WO 2011116588 A1 WO2011116588 A1 WO 2011116588A1 CN 2010076695 W CN2010076695 W CN 2010076695W WO 2011116588 A1 WO2011116588 A1 WO 2011116588A1
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Prior art keywords
wireless sensor
sensor network
network
wsn terminal
management platform
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PCT/CN2010/076695
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马景旺
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2011116588A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011116588A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/18—Selecting a network or a communication service
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/08—Access security
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
    • H04W84/22—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks with access to wired networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combination of network technologies, and more particularly to a method for joining a network by combining a network and a WSN terminal. Background technique
  • wireless sensor networks are a new information acquisition and processing technology. Due to recent improvements in microfabrication technology, communication technology, and battery technology, tiny sensor terminals have the ability to sense, wirelessly communicate and process information. Such sensor terminals can not only sense and detect the target of the environment and its changes, but also process the collected data and send the processed data to the data collection center by wireless transmission.
  • These sensor terminals typically consist of a power supply, sensing components, an embedded processor, memory, communication components, and execution software. Among them, the power supply provides the sensor node with the energy necessary for normal operation.
  • the sensing component is used to sense, acquire, and convert external information into digital signals.
  • the embedded processor is responsible for coordinating the work of various parts of the node, such as performing necessary processing, saving, and controlling the operating mode of the sensing component and the power supply.
  • the communication component is responsible for communicating with other sensors or observers.
  • Execution software provides the necessary software support for sensor terminals, such as embedded operating systems, embedded database systems, and more. Detecting thermal, infrared, sonar, radar and seismic signals in the surrounding environment of the sensor terminal by means of a variety of sensing components built into the sensor terminal, thereby detecting temperature, humidity, noise, light intensity, pressure, soil composition , a lot of information such as the size, speed and direction of moving objects. Sensor terminals typically form a network in a self-organizing or pre-configured manner.
  • wireless sensor networks In terms of communication methods, although wired, wireless, infrared, and optical formats can be used, it is generally considered that short-range wireless low-power communication technology is most suitable for the use of sensor networks, generally called wireless sensor networks.
  • WSN Wireless Sensor Network
  • the current widely used wireless low-power communication technologies include: IEEE ( Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.15.4 and Zigbee technology.
  • IEEE 802.15.4 is a low-speed wireless personal area network (WPAN) standard developed by IEEE. IEEE 802.15.4 specifies the physical layer and medium access control layer (MAC, Media Access Control) standards. The IEEE 802.15.4 compliant communication module features low cost, low power consumption, and small size.
  • WPAN wireless personal area network
  • IEEE 802.15.4 specifies the physical layer and medium access control layer (MAC, Media Access Control) standards.
  • MAC medium access control layer
  • the IEEE 802.15.4 compliant communication module features low cost, low power consumption, and small size.
  • the Zigbee Alliance is an organization dedicated to developing reliable, low-cost, low-power, wireless network connectivity monitoring and control products based on open global standards.
  • the Zigbee standard physical layer and MAC layer use IEEE 802.15.4 technology, and the network layer, security management, application layer specifications, and interoperability are developed by the Zigbee Alliance.
  • the Zigbee smart energy public applications profile and the Zigbee home automation public applications profile in the Zigbee standard are for business environment applications and home applications.
  • the WSN terminal's micro-processing capabilities and wireless communication capabilities make wireless sensor networks a promising application for military applications, biological and environmental monitoring, health applications, home applications, industrial control and monitoring.
  • wireless sensor networks and telecommunication networks such as second generation (2G, 2nd Generation) mobile communication, third generation (3G, 3rd Generation) mobile communication, xDSL (x Digital Subscriber Line), FTTx (Fiber To The x, x is Home, building, node, premises), wireless access, satellite/microwave, etc.
  • second generation (2G, 2nd Generation) mobile communication 3G, 3rd Generation
  • xDSL x Digital Subscriber Line
  • FTTx Fiber To The x, x is Home, building, node, premises
  • wireless access satellite/microwave, etc.
  • wireless sensor network can effectively transmit the data perceived by the wireless sensor network to the data center. By sorting and analyzing the data, the way of acquiring data of the natural world can be greatly changed.
  • Wireless sensor network The centralized management of the network solves the problem that the wireless sensor networks that are currently scattered everywhere are difficult to manage.
  • the combination of a wireless sensor network and a telecommunication network refers to connecting a wireless sensor network with a telecommunication network, and utilizing the telecommunication network to monitor, manage, and complete the service carrying and cooperation of the wireless sensor network and the services provided by the telecommunication network, and expand the telecom network.
  • the services provided by wireless sensor networks is generally a wireless sensor network connected to a telecommunications network platform through a gateway device.
  • the WSN terminal is a sensor node constituting the wireless sensor network, and is connected to the gateway through one or more hops.
  • the WSN terminal is responsible for collecting and uploading data, as well as receiving and executing commands.
  • the number of devices that make up a wireless sensor network is as few as a few hundreds, and devices can be networked in a star, tree, or mesh (MESH) manner, some of which have strong networking and Data forwarding capability.
  • wireless sensor networks and telecommunication networks After the combination of the wireless sensor network and the telecommunication network, it is necessary to consider the management and security issues of the WSN terminal.
  • the security threats faced by wireless sensor networks and telecommunication networks include:
  • the attacker uses some devices to impersonate the WSN terminal to join the wireless sensor network, perform incorrect data reporting, and interfere with the normal operation of the sensing system.
  • the attacker uses some devices to listen to data transmitted in the wireless sensor network and modify the data to interfere with communication within the wireless sensor network.
  • the attacker picks up the attack means and continuously reports the data through the gateway, thereby increasing the traffic of the communication network and making the telecommunication network unable to work normally.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a method for joining a network and a WSN terminal to join a network, which can combine the wireless sensor network and the telecommunication network and ensure network security. All.
  • a method for a WSN terminal to join a network is applied to a combined network including a wireless sensor network and a telecommunication network, wherein the wireless sensor network is provided with a WSN terminal and a gateway; and the telecommunication network is provided with a wireless sensor network management platform and wireless a sensor network service client; the method includes:
  • the wireless sensor network management platform provides network configuration parameters required for joining the wireless sensor network to the WSN terminal;
  • the WSN terminal joins the wireless sensor network using the network configuration parameters.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform provides network configuration parameters required to join the wireless sensor network to the WSN terminal, as follows:
  • the wireless sensor network management platform writes network configuration parameters required by the wireless sensor network service client to the wireless sensor network to the WSN terminal.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform writes, by the service client, network configuration parameters required to join the wireless sensor network to the WSN terminal, as follows:
  • the wireless sensor network management platform identifies the wireless sensor network to which the WSN terminal joins according to the identification information to be joined to the wireless sensor network, obtains network configuration parameters of the wireless sensor network, and uses the wireless sensor network service client to The network configuration parameters are written to the WSN terminal.
  • the obtaining network configuration parameters of the wireless sensor network is: the wireless sensor network management platform obtains network configuration parameters of the wireless sensor network from a gateway of the wireless sensor network to which the WSN terminal is to join.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform is to join the wireless from the WSN terminal
  • the gateway of the sensor network obtains network configuration parameters of the wireless sensor network, where: the wireless sensor network management platform sends a request for acquiring a wireless sensor network configuration parameter to a gateway of the wireless sensor network to which the WSN terminal is to join, and the gateway will The network configuration parameters are provided to the management platform.
  • the obtaining the network configuration parameter of the wireless sensor network is: after the wireless sensor network is created, the gateway of the wireless sensor network provides the network configuration parameter required for the WSN terminal to join the wireless sensor network to the The wireless sensor network management platform stores the network configuration parameters.
  • the identifier information of the wireless sensor network includes location information of the wireless sensor network; the wireless sensor network management platform further stores information of a location relationship between the location information of the wireless sensor network and the wireless sensor network;
  • the wireless sensor network management platform identifies the wireless sensor network according to the identification information to be added to the wireless sensor network.
  • the network configuration parameter includes: an authentication key and a gateway address of the WSN terminal to be joined to the wireless sensor network;
  • the WSN terminal joins the corresponding wireless sensor network by using the network configuration parameter, as follows:
  • the WSN terminal sends a force port entry request to the gateway according to a gateway address to be joined to the wireless sensor network,
  • the gateway authenticates the WSN terminal according to the authentication key, and allows the wireless sensor network to join after the authentication is passed.
  • a combined network comprising a wireless sensor network and a telecommunication network, wherein the wireless sensor network WSN is provided with a WSN terminal and a gateway; wherein the telecommunication network is provided with a wireless sensor network management platform and a wireless sensor network service client; wherein
  • Wireless sensor network management platform for the network that will be added to the wireless sensor network Network configuration parameters are provided to the WSN terminal;
  • the wireless sensor network service client is respectively connected to the wireless sensor network management platform and the WSN terminal, and is configured to join the wireless sensor network by using the network configuration parameter.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform further writes, by the wireless sensor network service client, network configuration parameters required to join the wireless sensor network to the WSN terminal.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform further receives information of the WSN terminal sent by the wireless sensor network service client and identifier information of the WSN terminal to be joined to the wireless sensor network;
  • the wireless sensor network management platform identifies the wireless sensor network to which the WSN terminal joins according to the identification information to be joined to the wireless sensor network, obtains network configuration parameters of the wireless sensor network, and uses the wireless sensor network service client to The network configuration parameters are written to the WSN terminal.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform further sends a request for acquiring a wireless sensor network configuration parameter to a gateway of the wireless sensor network to which the WSN terminal is to join, and the gateway provides the network configuration parameter to the management platform.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform obtains network configuration parameters of the wireless sensor network, which are:
  • the gateway of the wireless sensor network provides network configuration parameters required for the WSN terminal to join the wireless sensor network to the wireless sensor network management platform, and the wireless sensor network management platform saves the network. Configuration parameters.
  • the identifier information of the wireless sensor network includes location information of the wireless sensor network; the wireless sensor network management platform further stores information of a location relationship between the location information of the wireless sensor network and the wireless sensor network;
  • the wireless sensor network management platform is configured according to the identifier to be added to the wireless sensor network
  • the information identifies the wireless sensor network.
  • the network configuration parameter includes: an authentication key and a gateway address of the WSN terminal to be joined to the wireless sensor network;
  • the WSN terminal joins the corresponding wireless sensor network by using the network configuration parameter, as follows:
  • the WSN terminal sends a force port entry request to the gateway according to a gateway address to be joined to the wireless sensor network,
  • the gateway authenticates the WSN terminal according to the authentication key, and allows the wireless sensor network to join after the authentication is passed.
  • the application function of the wireless sensor network is greatly expanded, and the wireless sensor network management platform for managing the network nodes in the wireless sensor network is set in the combined network and
  • the wireless sensor network service client implements the authentication and joining of the WSN terminal, and does not cause the illegal WSN terminal to join the wireless sensor network, thereby ensuring network security.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combined network structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for a WSN terminal to join a network according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another method for a WSN terminal to join a network according to the present invention. detailed description
  • the basic idea of the present invention is: By combining a wireless sensor network and a telecommunication network, the application function of the wireless sensor network is greatly expanded, and a wireless sensor network for managing network nodes in the wireless sensor network is set in the combined network.
  • the management platform and the wireless sensor network service client realize the authentication and joining of the WSN terminal, and will not cause the illegal WSN terminal to join the wireless sensor network, thereby ensuring the network security.
  • the wireless sensor network is a wireless network composed of a group of sensor node devices in a self-organizing manner, and the sensor node devices communicate by short-range wireless communication technology.
  • Wireless sensor networks are typically deployed in areas ranging from a few meters to a few hundred meters, where sensor node devices are typically battery powered, with lower power and cost.
  • Near field communication technology is generally used
  • the wireless sensor network and the telecommunication network are combined to connect the wireless sensor network with the telecommunication network, and use the telecommunication network to monitor, manage, and complete the service bearer and cooperation implementation of the wireless sensor network and the services provided by the telecommunication network. And expand the services provided by the wireless sensor network through the telecommunication network.
  • the telecommunications network includes various communication networks such as mobile communication networks, xDSL, FTTx, and satellite communications.
  • the wireless sensor network is composed of a WSN terminal and a gateway device, and the WSN terminal and the gateway can be set up according to relevant technical standards of the wireless sensor network, and the short-range communication technology that can be used to form the wireless sensor network includes Zigbee technology, IEEE 802.15.4. Standards, etc.
  • the wireless sensor network is connected to the telecommunication network through a gateway, and establishes communication with a wireless sensor network management platform in the telecommunication network.
  • a wireless network includes a wireless sensor network and a telecommunication network, and the wireless sensor network WSN is provided with a WSN terminal and a gateway; a sensor network management platform and a wireless sensor network service client; wherein
  • a wireless sensor network management platform configured to provide network configuration parameters required for joining the wireless sensor network to the WSN terminal
  • the wireless sensor network service client is respectively connected to the wireless sensor network management platform and the WSN terminal, and is configured to join the wireless sensor network by using the network configuration parameter.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform further writes, by the wireless sensor network service client, network configuration parameters required to join the wireless sensor network to the WSN terminal.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform further receives information of the WSN terminal sent by the wireless sensor network service client and identifier information of the WSN terminal to be joined to the wireless sensor network;
  • the wireless sensor network management platform identifies the wireless sensor network to which the WSN terminal joins according to the identification information to be joined to the wireless sensor network, obtains network configuration parameters of the wireless sensor network, and uses the wireless sensor network service client to The network configuration parameters are written to the WSN terminal.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform further sends a request for acquiring a wireless sensor network configuration parameter to a gateway of the wireless sensor network to which the WSN terminal is to join, and the gateway provides the network configuration parameter to the management platform.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform obtains network configuration parameters of the wireless sensor network, where:
  • the gateway of the wireless sensor network provides network configuration parameters required for the WSN terminal to join the wireless sensor network to the wireless sensor network management platform, and the wireless sensor network management platform saves the network. Configuration parameters.
  • the identifier information of the wireless sensor network includes location information of the wireless sensor network; the wireless sensor network management platform further stores information of a location relationship between the location information of the wireless sensor network and the wireless sensor network;
  • the wireless sensor network management platform identifies the wireless sensor network according to the identification information to be added to the wireless sensor network.
  • the network configuration parameter includes: an authentication key and a gateway address of the WSN terminal to be joined to the wireless sensor network;
  • the WSN terminal joins the corresponding wireless sensor network by using the network configuration parameter, as follows:
  • the WSN terminal sends a force port entry request to the gateway according to a gateway address to be joined to the wireless sensor network,
  • the gateway authenticates the WSN terminal according to the authentication key, and allows the wireless sensor network to join after the authentication is passed.
  • the above wireless sensor network can use Zigbee technology for networking, and can also use other communication technology networking.
  • the wireless sensor network passes through the gateway force.
  • the telecommunications network service platform Into the telecommunications network and connected to the wireless sensor network management platform via the joining network in the telecommunications network, the telecommunications network service platform.
  • the WSN terminal is connected to the telecommunication network platform through a gateway device.
  • the WSN terminal is a sensor node constituting the wireless sensor network and is connected to the gateway by one or more hops.
  • the WSN terminal device is responsible for collecting and uploading data, as well as receiving and executing commands.
  • the devices that make up the WSN are as few as a few hundred.
  • the devices can be networked in a star, tree, or MESH mode. Some of the devices have strong networking and data forwarding capabilities.
  • the WSN terminal is at the very end of the combined network.
  • the WSN terminal may be various sensors such as a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a video monitor, an audio monitor, and the like.
  • the gateway is responsible for connecting the wireless sensor network and the telecommunication network, and mainly performs functions such as protocol conversion, address resolution and mapping, and data forwarding, and the gateway can also integrate functions such as security and charging.
  • the functions that the gateway can support can include: Support internal data collaboration and aggregation in the sensor network; Support one or more of the long-distance communication joining methods such as 2G mobile communication, 3G mobile communication, xDSL, FTTx, broadband wireless join, satellite/microwave, etc. , the aggregated data is transmitted to the communication peer; the service platform and the remote management server support the gateway device authentication and user authentication; the service platform and the remote management server support the gateway parameters and software configuration; support user authentication and service security, device management Security Mechanism.
  • the service platform is a functional entity that operates and manages the services combined with the wireless sensor network in the telecommunication network. It is responsible for integrating the services provided by the various service providers and providing them to the end users, and managing the use of the services by the users.
  • the service platform cooperates with other functional entities in the telecommunication network to complete the entire service process according to the needs of different services, such as authentication and authorization charging.
  • the business platform may also be connected to a remote server through which network managers can update the business directly.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform is an entity that implements management functions for the wireless sensor network and is composed of a remote management server.
  • the remote management server implements basic management functions for the wireless sensor network over the telecommunications network.
  • the wireless sensor network service client is connected with the wireless sensor network management platform, and the wireless sensor network management platform can perform functions such as querying and inputting service data of the wireless sensor network management, and the wireless sensor network service client cooperates with the wireless sensor network management platform.
  • the wireless sensor network service client is configured with a connection line that can be connected to the WSN terminal, and the wireless sensor network service client establishes a connection with the WSN terminal through the connection line.
  • other communication connection methods can be used between the wireless sensor network service client and the WSN terminal, such as connecting through an existing wired or wireless network.
  • the management of the WSN terminal when joining the wireless sensor network can be implemented by the wireless sensor network management platform or the service platform.
  • the following describes a management method for managing a WSN terminal to join a wireless sensor network by a wireless sensor network management platform. It is also possible to replace the wireless sensor network management platform by the service platform and use the same method to realize the management process when the WSN terminal joins the wireless sensor network. That is, the functions of the wireless sensor network management platform and the service platform in the present invention may be combined, or the management related software corresponding to the mode described in the present invention may be transplanted to any one of the network elements. WSN terminal in the manner described in the present invention Line management.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform provides network configuration parameters required for the WSN terminal to join the wireless sensor network, and the WSN terminal uses the network configuration parameter to join the wireless sensor network.
  • Network configuration parameters of the network In the first mode, the wireless sensor network management platform sends a request for acquiring a wireless sensor network configuration parameter to a gateway in the wireless sensor network, and the gateway provides a network configuration parameter that the WSN terminal joins the wireless sensor network.
  • the wireless sensor network In the second way, after the wireless sensor network is created, the wireless sensor network provides the network configuration parameters required to join the wireless sensor network to the wireless sensor network management platform, and saves it on the wireless sensor network management platform. The following is explained in detail separately.
  • the network configuration parameter of the wireless sensor network needs to be preset network configuration parameters when the WSN terminal joins the wireless sensor network, including the key for authenticating the WSN terminal and the related information of the wireless sensor network to be joined by the WSN terminal. .
  • a WSN terminal that does not acquire the network configuration parameters of the wireless sensor network cannot be added to the wireless sensor network.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform writes network configuration parameters into the WSN terminal in a secure manner.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform stores information of the correspondence relationship between the wireless sensor network and its location. When given the location information of the wireless sensor network, the wireless sensor network management platform can determine whether the wireless sensor exists in the location. A wireless sensor network managed by the network management platform and capable of identifying the wireless sensor network at that location. The location information may also be other identification information of the wireless sensor network, such as a name.
  • the wireless sensor network service client connected by the wireless sensor network management platform submits a request for acquiring the wireless sensor network configuration parameter to the wireless sensor network management platform, and the WSN terminal is Wireless to be joined
  • the location information of the sensor network and the like are provided to the wireless sensor network management platform.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform after receiving the request of the wireless sensor network service client to acquire the network configuration parameter of the WSN terminal, the wireless sensor network management platform identifies the wireless sensor network corresponding to the location information according to the location information of the wireless sensor network, and then The network configuration parameters of the wireless sensor network are found and written into the WSN terminal through the wireless sensor network service client.
  • the reading and writing of the wireless sensor network configuration parameters need to be authenticated; so that the network configuration parameters are safely stored in the terminal.
  • the WSN terminal After writing the network configuration parameters of the wireless sensor network to be joined to the WSN terminal, the WSN terminal can use the network configuration parameter to join the corresponding wireless sensor network.
  • the gateway of the wireless sensor network After the WSN terminal joins the wireless sensor network, the gateway of the wireless sensor network notifies the WSN terminal that the wireless sensor network has been added, the management platform records the information about the WSN terminal and notifies the service platform, and the service platform configures relevant parameters of the WSN terminal and enables the Related services for wireless sensor networks.
  • the gateway when the WSN terminal leaves the wireless sensor network, the gateway notifies the wireless sensor network management platform, and the wireless sensor network management platform records the status of the WSN terminal and notifies the service platform, and the service platform stops the service performed by the WSN terminal.
  • the wireless sensor network is based on Zigbee technology.
  • ZigBee is an emerging short-range, low-rate, low-cost, low-power wireless network technology. It uses Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) technology and operates at 868MHz, 915MHz or 2.4GHz. Configuring wireless domain based on ZigBee technology Network is a new development of short-range wireless communication technology in recent years, and has been widely used in industrial automation and smart home.
  • DSSS Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
  • ZigBee coordination points There are three types of nodes in a ZigBee network: ZigBee coordination points, ZigBee routing nodes, and ZigBee endpoint.
  • the ZigBee coordination point is also called the Personal Area Network (PAN) coordination point (ZC, ZigBee Coordinator) in IEEE 802.15.4, and can be used as a sink node in wireless sensor networks.
  • the ZigBee coordination point must be a Full Function Device (FFD).
  • a ZigBee network has only one ZigBee coordination point. It is often more powerful than other nodes in the network and is the master node of the entire network. It is responsible for initiating the establishment of new networks, setting network parameters, managing nodes in the network, and storing node information in the network. After the network is formed, it can also perform the functions of the router.
  • the ZigBee coordination point is the most complex of the three types of ZigBee nodes, and is generally powered by AC power.
  • the ZigBee Routing Node (ZR, ZigBee Router, ) must also be a fully functional device.
  • ZigBee routing nodes can participate in route discovery, message forwarding, and extend the coverage of the network by connecting other nodes.
  • the ZigBee routing node can also act as a common coordination point in its OST (Personal Operating Space) (IEEE 802.15.4 is called coordination point).
  • the normal coordination point is different from the ZigBee coordination point, which is still controlled by the ZigBee coordination point.
  • the ZigBee Endpoint (ZE, ZigBee EndDevice) can be a full-featured device or a Reduced Function Device (RFD) that connects to the network through a ZigBee coordinator or ZigBee routing node, but does not allow any other node to join the network through it.
  • the ZigBee endpoint can operate at very low power.
  • the gateway acts as a Zigbee coordination point in the Zigbee network and is responsible for the establishment of the wireless sensor network.
  • the WSN terminal can be added to the wireless sensor network as a Zigbee routing node or a Zigbee terminal node. Gateways and WSN terminals need to support Zigbee communication technology.
  • the encryption operation in the Zigbee network uses the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm, and the symmetric key length is 128 bits.
  • the keys used in the Zigbee network mainly include: Master key. This key is a shared key used in the process of performing a symmetric key establishment protocol. The master key is the basis for long-term security between the two devices and can be used to generate link keys.
  • Link key In a PAN network, a key shared between two devices for secure communication between two devices.
  • This key is a shared key in a PAN network and is used for the security of broadcast communication.
  • a trust center is a trusted device that distributes security keys across a network. It allows devices to join the network and assign keys, thus ensuring end-to-end security between devices.
  • network coordinators can become trust centers.
  • the Trust Center provides the following three features:
  • Trust management the task is responsible for verifying the device joining the network.
  • Network management the task is to obtain and assign network keys to the device.
  • the task is to bind the application to the device it manages, and achieve end-to-end secure transmission between the two devices.
  • the device In order to implement trust management, the device requires the trust center to receive the initial master key.
  • the device should receive the initial network key and can only obtain updates to the network key from the Trust Center.
  • the device needs to receive a master key or link key from the trust center to establish an end-to-end secure link between the two devices.
  • the additional link key, master key, and network key can only be obtained from the trust center in a secure manner.
  • the trust center should periodically update the network key according to a policy and pass the new network key to each device.
  • the gateway is used as a trust center for security management of the network.
  • the network configuration parameters obtained by the WSN terminal from the wireless sensor network management platform may include an initial master key of the wireless sensor network to be joined and an address of the trust center (ie, the gateway in the present invention).
  • the gateway in the present invention.
  • the WSN terminal joins the wireless sensor network
  • the authenticity of the initial master key of the WSN terminal of the gateway insurance is verified, thereby verifying the identity of the WSN terminal. If the initial master key of the WSN terminal is correct, the WSN terminal is allowed to join the wireless sensor network, and the WSN terminal and the gateway can negotiate based on the initial master key to determine a link key required to join the wireless sensor network.
  • the gateway rejects the WSN terminal to join the wireless sensor network because the initial master key cannot be provided or the initial master key is not the correct key.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform and other network element entities in the gateway and the telecommunication network can implement identity authentication and secure communication to the gateway through the identity of the gateway.
  • a certain wireless sensor network is identified by a network identifier of the wireless sensor network.
  • the network identifier of the wireless sensor network may be determined by the gateway or by the wireless sensor network management platform.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform records information about the wireless sensor network including the network identifier and the network location. Therefore, the wireless sensor network management platform can determine whether the location has a wireless sensor network managed by the wireless sensor network management platform according to a given location information, and if there is a wireless sensor network, the wireless sensor network at the location can be obtained. The identity of the wireless sensor network is thus determined at that location.
  • the WSN terminal manufacturer does not write the wireless sensor network configuration parameter in the WSN terminal when the WSN terminal is produced, and the wireless sensor network service client can write the wireless sensor to be added in the device before the WSN terminal is put into use.
  • Network configuration parameters for the network In order to ensure the security of the wireless sensor network configuration parameters, the WSN terminal manufacturer can set the read/write key for each or a group of WSN terminals, and realize the authentication of the external entity by reading and writing the key to ensure Secure transmission of information read and written. The external entity must have the correct read and write key when reading and writing the network configuration parameters in the WSN terminal.
  • the WSN terminal manufacturer can provide the read/write key of the WSN terminal to the wireless sensor network management platform, and is securely stored by the wireless sensor network management platform.
  • the following describes the process of joining a WSN terminal to a wireless sensor network in a wireless sensor network formed by Zigbee technology.
  • Network configuration parameters of the network In the first mode, the wireless sensor network management platform sends a request for acquiring a wireless sensor network configuration parameter to a gateway in the wireless sensor network, and the gateway provides a network configuration parameter that the WSN terminal joins the wireless sensor network.
  • the wireless sensor network In the second way, after the wireless sensor network is created, the wireless sensor network provides the network configuration parameters required to join the wireless sensor network to the wireless sensor network management platform, and saves it on the wireless sensor network management platform. The details are described below separately.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for a WSN terminal to join a network according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the process of joining a WSN terminal to a wireless sensor network when acquiring the network configuration parameters of the wireless sensor network in the first manner is:
  • Step 201 The wireless sensor network service client submits the identifier information to be added to the wireless sensor network to the wireless sensor network management platform.
  • the identification information of the wireless sensor network includes: location information of the wireless sensor network to be joined by the WSN terminal, and name information thereof.
  • the information about the WSN terminal that can be input to the wireless sensor network management platform by the wireless sensor network service client includes the identification number of the terminal, the type of the WSN terminal, and the location information to be added to the wireless sensor network, etc., and is used at the WSN terminal.
  • the location information input interface only the location information of the wireless sensor network managed by the currently existing wireless sensor network management platform is allowed to be input, and the location information of the wireless sensor network cannot be input.
  • Step 202 The wireless sensor network management platform acquires wireless sensing corresponding to the location information. Information about the network.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform queries the information of the wireless sensor network stored in the platform according to the location information of the wireless sensor network to be joined by the WSN terminal, and obtains the information of the wireless sensor network corresponding to the location information, including The identification number of the wireless sensor network, the address of the gateway, and the like.
  • Step 203 The wireless sensor network management platform establishes communication with the gateway of the wireless sensor network at the location, and requests to acquire network configuration parameters of the wireless sensor network to be joined by the WSN terminal.
  • the wireless sensor network platform sends a wireless sensor network configuration parameter request message to the gateway of the wireless sensor network, where the wireless sensor network management platform can send the information of the WSN terminal to be added to the wireless sensor network to the gateway.
  • the information of the WSN terminal may include an identification number of the terminal, a terminal type, and the like.
  • Step 204 The gateway of the wireless sensor network prepares the WSN terminal to join the network configuration parameter of the wireless sensor network and sends the network configuration parameter to the wireless sensor network management platform.
  • the gateway may save the received terminal information and add the WSN terminal to the WSN terminal list to be joined, and the gateway is a network configuration parameter of the WSN terminal to be added to the wireless sensor network, and then the network configuration parameter.
  • the gateway prepares network configuration parameters for the WSN terminal, an initial master key may be set for the WSN terminal, and then the initial master key and the gateway address are sent to the wireless sensor network management platform as network configuration parameters added to the wireless sensor network.
  • Step 205 The wireless sensor network management platform writes the network configuration parameter of the wireless sensor network to the WSN terminal through the wireless sensor network service client.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform establishes communication with the WSN terminal through the wireless sensor network service client, and performs identity verification by reading and writing keys; after the identity verification is passed, the network configuration parameters are written to the WSN terminal; The network configuration parameters can be safely saved in an encrypted manner.
  • Step 206 The WSN terminal applies to join the wireless sensor network by using network configuration parameters of the wireless sensor network.
  • the WSN terminal is placed in the area covered by the wireless sensor network to be joined.
  • the WSN terminal can perform network scanning on the set channel to determine the wireless sensor network to join.
  • the network scan can send a Beacon Request frame on the channel.
  • the device in the wireless sensor network on this channel receives the Beacon Request, if a new WSN terminal is allowed to join the wireless sensor network, it will respond to the Beacon frame.
  • the frame contains the address information of the device that sent the frame, and whether other devices are allowed to join as their child nodes.
  • the WSN terminal saves the information of the received Beacon frame in its own neighbor table.
  • the WSN terminal selects the appropriate parent node in the association table and sends an Association Request frame request to the parent node to join the wireless sensor network.
  • the parent node device in the wireless sensor network After receiving the request to join the wireless sensor network, the parent node device in the wireless sensor network notifies the gateway of the wireless sensor network that a new wireless sensor network device requests to join the wireless sensor network.
  • the gateway of the wireless sensor network verifies the WSN terminal, and the verification method can determine the authenticity of the initial master key in the WSN terminal according to the method in which the node device joins the network in the Zigbee specification. If the WSN terminal passes the verification, the operation in step 7 is performed; if the WSN terminal verification fails, the operation in step 8 is performed.
  • Step 207 After the WSN terminal passes the verification, the communication protocol negotiates with the gateway to determine the link key and the network key, and the gateway adds the information of the WSN terminal in the node management table, and the parent node device of the WSN terminal saves in its neighbor table. The information of the WSN terminal, the WSN terminal saves the information of the parent node and the gateway in its own neighbor table. At this point, the WSN terminal successfully joins the wireless sensor network and becomes a node device in the wireless sensor network. It can enable the sensing function of the WSN terminal and report the sensing data to the wireless sensor network service platform through the gateway.
  • Step 208 The gateway of the wireless sensor network notifies the wireless sensor network management platform.
  • the WSN terminal has joined the wireless sensor network.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform can record the information about the WSN terminal, and send the information of the WSN terminal to the service platform, the service platform configuration and the related data of the WSN terminal, and enable the services supported by the WSN terminal. If the WSN terminal fails to pass the authentication, the gateway rejects the WSN terminal to join the wireless sensor network.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another method for a WSN terminal to join a network according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, when the method is used, the process of joining a WSN terminal to a wireless sensor network is:
  • Step 301 The wireless sensor network service client submits the identifier information of the wireless sensor network to the wireless sensor network management platform.
  • the identification information of the wireless sensor network includes the location information of the wireless sensor network and its name.
  • the wireless sensor network service client can input information about the wireless sensor network to be added to the wireless sensor network management platform, including the type of the WSN terminal and its location information, etc., on the location input interface used by the WSN terminal. It is only allowed to input the location information of the wireless sensor network managed by the currently existing wireless sensor network management platform, and the location information of the wireless sensor network cannot be input.
  • Step 302 The wireless sensor network management platform acquires information of the wireless sensor network at the location.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform is to be added to the wireless transmission according to the WSN terminal.
  • the location information of the sensor network is queried in the information of the wireless sensor network saved by the platform, and the information of the wireless sensor network corresponding to the location information is obtained, including the identification number of the wireless sensor network, the address of the gateway, and the network of the wireless sensor network. Configuration parameters, etc.
  • Step 303 The wireless sensor network management platform writes the network configuration parameters required to join the wireless sensor network to the WSN terminal through the wireless sensor network service client.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform establishes communication with the WSN terminal through the wireless sensor network service client, and performs identity verification by reading and writing keys; after the identity verification is passed, the network configuration parameters are written to the WSN terminal; The network configuration parameters can be safely saved in an encrypted manner.
  • Step 304 The WSN terminal applies to join the wireless sensor network by using the network configuration parameter of the wireless sensor network.
  • the WSN terminal is placed in the area covered by the wireless sensor network to be joined.
  • the WSN terminal can perform network scanning on the set channel to determine the wireless sensor network to join.
  • the network scan can send a Beacon Request frame on the channel.
  • the device in the wireless sensor network on this channel receives the Beacon Request, if a new WSN terminal is allowed to join the wireless sensor network, it will respond.
  • Beacon frame which contains the address information of the device that sent the frame, and whether other devices are allowed to join in the way of its child nodes.
  • the WSN terminal saves the information of the received Beacon frame in its own neighbor table.
  • the WSN terminal selects an appropriate parent node in the association table, and sends an Association Request frame request to the parent node to join the wireless sensor network.
  • the gateway of the wireless sensor network is notified that a new wireless sensor network device requests to join the wireless sensor network.
  • the gateway of the wireless sensor network verifies the WSN terminal, and the verification method can be based on the method in which the node device joins the network in the Zigbee specification, and the gateway determines the initial master in the WSN terminal. The authenticity of the key. If the WSN terminal passes the verification, the operation in step 5 is performed; if the WSN terminal verification fails, the operation in step 6 is performed.
  • Step 305 After the WSN terminal passes the verification, the communication protocol negotiates with the gateway to determine the link key and the network key, and the gateway adds the information of the WSN terminal in the node management table, and the parent node device of the WSN terminal saves in its neighbor table. The information of the WSN terminal, the WSN terminal saves the information of the parent node and the gateway in its own neighbor table. At this point, the WSN terminal successfully joins the wireless sensor network and becomes a node device in the wireless sensor network. It can enable the sensing function of the WSN terminal and report the sensing data to the wireless sensor network service platform through the gateway.
  • Step 306 The gateway of the wireless sensor network notifies the wireless sensor network management platform that the WSN terminal has joined the wireless sensor network.
  • the wireless sensor network management platform can record the information about the WSN terminal, and send the information of the WSN terminal to the service platform, the service platform configuration and the related data of the WSN terminal, and enable the services supported by the WSN terminal. If the WSN terminal fails to pass the authentication, the gateway rejects the WSN terminal to join the wireless sensor network.
  • the WSN terminal writes the network configuration parameters and joins the specified wireless sensor network.
  • the gateway when the terminal joining the wireless sensor network leaves the wireless sensor network, the gateway needs to send a message to notify the wireless sensor network management platform, the wireless sensor network management platform records the state of the WSN terminal, and notifies the wireless sensor network service platform, and the service platform is deactivated.
  • the business associated with the WSN terminal Specifically, the WSN terminal may notify the gateway by using a Leave command frame, and the gateway performs a related operation of leaving the network by the WSN terminal, and notifies the wireless sensor network management platform.

Description

结合网络及无线传感器网络终端加入网络的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及结合网络技术，尤其涉及一种结合网络及 WSN终端加入网 络的方法。 背景技术
无线传感器网络作为计算、 通信和传感器三项技术相结合的产物， 是 一种全新的信息获取和处理技术。 由于近来微型制造技术、 通讯技术及电 池技术的改进， 促使微小的传感器终端可具有感应、 无线通讯及处理信息 的能力。 此类传感器终端不但能够感应及侦测环境的目标物及其改变， 并 且可处理收集到的数据， 并将处理过后的资料以无线传输的方式送到数据 收集中心。 这些传感器终端通常由电源、 感知部件、 嵌入式处理器、 存储 器、 通信部件和执行软件这几部分构成。 其中， 电源为传感器节点提供正 常工作所必需的能源。 感知部件用于感知、 获取外界的信息， 并将其转换 为数字信号。 嵌入式处理器负责协调节点各部分的工作， 如对感知部件获 取的信息进行必要的处理、 保存， 控制感知部件和电源的工作模式等。 通 信部件负责与其他传感器或观察者进行通信。 执行软件则为传感器终端提 供必要的软件支持， 如嵌入式操作系统、 嵌入式数据库系统等。 借助于传 感器终端中内置的形式多样的感知部件来测量该传感器终端所在周边环境 中的热、 红外、 声纳、 雷达和地震波信号， 从而探测包括温度、 湿度、 噪 声、 光强度、 压力、 土壤成分、 移动物体的大小、 速度和方向等众多信息。 传感器终端一般通过自组织或预配置的方式构成网络。 在通信方式上， 虽 然可以釆用有线、 无线、 红外和光等多种形式， 但一般认为短距离的无线 低功率通信技术最适合传感器网络的使用， 一般称作无线传感器网络 ( WSN, Wireless Sensor Network )„ 目前使用比较广泛的无线低功率通信 技术包括： IEEE ( Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ) 802.15.4 和 Zigbee技术。
IEEE 802.15.4 是由 IEEE开发的低速无线个域网 （WPAN, Wireless Personal Area Network )标准。 IEEE 802.15.4规定了物理层和介质访问控制 层（MAC, Media Access Control )标准。 符合 IEEE 802.15.4标准的通信模 块具备低成本、 低耗电、 小尺寸的特点。
Zigbee联盟是一个致力于在开放的全球标准的基础上， 开发可靠的、 低成本、 低耗电、 无线网络连接的监测和控制产品的组织。 Zigbee 标准的 物理层和 MAC层釆用 IEEE 802.15.4技术， 网络层、 安全管理、 应用层规 范以及互通性由 Zigbee联盟开发。 Zigbee标准中的 Zigbee智能能源公共应 用规范 ( Zigbee smart energy public applications profile )和 Zigbee家庭自动 化应用规范 ( Zigbee home automation public applications profile )分另 ll针对商 业环境应用和家庭应用。
WSN终端的微处理能力和无线通信能力使无线传感器网络有广阔的应 用前景， 其应用包括军事应用、 生物和环境监测、 健康应用、 家庭应用、 工业控制和监测等。
无线传感器网络和电信网结合， 如第二代（2G, 2nd Generation )移动 通信、 第三代（3G, 3rd Generation )移动通信、 xDSL ( x Digital Subscriber Line )、 FTTx ( Fiber To The x, x 为 home、 building、 node、 premises )、 覔 带无线接入、 卫星 /微波等， 可以使无线传感器网络作为现有网络的延伸， 扩展通信网络的能力， 使通信对象从人扩展到物理世界， 具有良好的发展 前景。 无线传感器网络与现有的电信网络结合后， 可以使无线传感器网络 感知的数据有效地传递到数据中心， 通过对数据的整理和分析， 可以极大 程度地改变人类获取自然世界的数据的方式， 同时也能够对无线传感器网 络进行集中的管理， 解决目前分散在各处的无线传感器网络难以管理的问 题。
无线传感器网络与电信网络结合， 是指将无线传感器网络与电信网络 相连接， 利用电信网络对无线传感器网络及其提供的业务进行监控、 管理 及完成业务的承载与合作实施， 并通过电信网络扩展无线传感器网络所提 供的业务。 无线传感器网络和电信网的结合一般是无线传感器网络通过网 关设备连接至电信网平台。
WSN终端为构成无线传感器网络的传感器节点， 通过一跳或多跳与网 关连接。 WSN终端负责釆集并上传数据， 以及接收并执行命令。 组成无线 传感器网络的设备少则几个多则几百个， 设备间可根据需要以星形、 树形 或网状（MESH )等方式组网， 其中某些设备或具有较强的组网和数据转发 能力。
无线传感器网络和电信网络结合后，需要考虑 WSN终端的管理和安全 问题。 无线传感器网络和电信网结合后面临的安全威胁包括：
1、 攻击者釆用某些设备冒充 WSN终端加入到无线传感器网络， 进行 不正确的数据上报， 干扰传感系统的正常运行。
2、 攻击者釆用某些设备侦听无线传感器网络中传递的数据， 并对数据 进行修改， 从而干扰无线传感器网络内部的通信。
3、 攻击者釆取攻击手段， 不停地通过网关上报数据， 从而加大通信网 络的业务量， 使电信网络不能正常工作。
因此在无线传感器网络和电信网络的结合时，需要考虑 WSN终端的管 理， 从而实现无线传感器网络和电信网络的安全。 发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的主要目的在于提供一种结合网络及 WSN终端加入 网络的方法， 能将无线传感器网络和电信网络^好地结合并能保证网络安 全。
为达到上述目的， 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种 WSN终端加入网络的方法，应用于包含无线传感器网络和电信网 络的结合网络中， 所述无线传感器网络中设有 WSN终端和网关； 所述电信 网络中设有无线传感器网络管理平台和无线传感器网络业务客户端； 其特 征在于， 所述方法包括：
所述无线传感器网络管理平台将加入到无线传感器网络所需要的网络 配置参数提供给 WSN终端；
所述 WSN终端使用所述网络配置参数加入到无线传感器网络。
优选地， 所述无线传感器网络管理平台将加入到无线传感器网络所需 要的网络配置参数提供给所述 WSN终端， 为：
所述无线传感器网络管理平台通过所述无线传感器网络业务客户端将 加入到无线传感器网络所需要的网络配置参数写入到 WSN终端。
优选地， 所述无线传感器网络管理平台通过业务客户端将加入到无线 传感器网络所需要的网络配置参数写入到所述 WSN终端， 为：
所述无线传感器网络业务客户端向无线传感器网络管理平台发送 WSN 终端的信息及待加入无线传感器网络的标识信息；
所述无线传感器网络管理平台根据所述待加入无线传感器网络的标识 信息识别出 WSN终端加入的无线传感器网络，获得所述无线传感器网络的 网络配置参数， 并通过所述无线传感器网络业务客户端将所述网络配置参 数写入到 WSN终端。
优选地， 所述获得所述无线传感器网络的网络配置参数， 为： 所述无线传感器网络管理平台从所述 WSN 终端待加入的无线传感器 网络的网关获得所述无线传感器网络的网络配置参数。
优选地，所述无线传感器网络管理平台从所述 WSN终端待加入的无线 传感器网络的网关获得所述无线传感器网络的网络配置参数， 为： 所述无线传感器网络管理平台向所述 WSN 终端待加入的无线传感器 网络的网关发送获取无线传感器网络配置参数请求， 所述网关将所述网络 配置参数提供给管理平台。
优选地， 所述获得所述无线传感器网络的网络配置参数， 为： 无线传感器网络创建后，所述无线传感器网络的网关将 WSN终端加入 到所述无线传感器网络所需的网络配置参数提供给所述无线传感器网络管 理平台， 所述无线传感器网络管理平台保存所述网络配置参数。
优选地， 所述无线传感器网络的标识信息包括所述无线传感器网络的 位置信息； 所述无线传感器网络管理平台进一步存储有所述无线传感器网 络的位置信息与所述无线传感器网络对应关系的信息；
所述无线传感器网络管理平台根据所述待加入无线传感器网络的标识 信息识别出所述的无线传感器网络。
优选地， 所述网络配置参数包括： 认证密钥和所述 WSN终端待加入无 线传感器网络的网关地址；
所述 WSN 终端通过所述网络配置参数加入相应的无线传感器网络， 为：
所述 WSN 终端根据待加入无线传感器网络的网关地址向所述网关发 送力口入请求,
所述网关根据所述认证密钥对所述 WSN终端进行认证，认证通过后允 许加入所述无线传感器网络。
一种结合网络， 包括无线传感器网络和电信网络， 所述无线传感器网 络 WSN中设有 WSN终端和网关； 所述电信网络中设有无线传感器网络管 理平台和无线传感器网络业务客户端； 其中，
无线传感器网络管理平台， 用于将加入到无线传感器网络所需要的网 络配置参数提供给 WSN终端；
无线传感器网络业务客户端， 分别连接于所述无线传感器网络管理平 台及所述 WSN终端， 用于利用所述网络配置参数加入无线传感器网络。
优选地， 所述无线传感器网络管理平台进一步通过所述无线传感器网 络业务客户端将加入到无线传感器网络所需要的网络配置参数写入到 WSN 终端。
优选地， 所述无线传感器网络管理平台进一步接收所述无线传感器网 络业务客户端发送 WSN终端的信息及所述 WSN终端待加入无线传感器网 络的标识信息；
所述无线传感器网络管理平台根据所述待加入无线传感器网络的标识 信息识别出 WSN终端加入的无线传感器网络，获得所述无线传感器网络的 网络配置参数， 并通过所述无线传感器网络业务客户端将所述网络配置参 数写入到 WSN终端。
优选地，所述无线传感器网络管理平台进一步向所述 WSN终端待加入 的无线传感器网络的网关发送获取无线传感器网络配置参数请求， 所述网 关将所述网络配置参数提供给管理平台。
优选地， 所述无线传感器网络管理平台获得所述无线传感器网络的网 络配置参数， 为：
无线传感器网络创建后，所述无线传感器网络的网关将 WSN终端加入 到所述无线传感器网络所需的网络配置参数提供给所述无线传感器网络管 理平台， 所述无线传感器网络管理平台保存所述网络配置参数。
优选地， 所述无线传感器网络的标识信息包括所述无线传感器网络的 位置信息； 所述无线传感器网络管理平台进一步存储有所述无线传感器网 络的位置信息与所述无线传感器网络对应关系的信息；
所述无线传感器网络管理平台根据所述待加入无线传感器网络的标识 信息识别出所述的无线传感器网络。
优选地， 所述网络配置参数包括： 认证密钥和所述 WSN终端待加入无 线传感器网络的网关地址；
所述 WSN 终端通过所述网络配置参数加入相应的无线传感器网络， 为：
所述 WSN 终端根据待加入无线传感器网络的网关地址向所述网关发 送力口入请求,
所述网关根据所述认证密钥对所述 WSN终端进行认证，认证通过后允 许加入所述无线传感器网络。
本发明中， 通过将无线传感器网络和电信网络进行结合， 大大拓展了 无线传感器网络的应用功能， 并且， 通过在结合网络中设置对无线传感器 网络中的网络节点进行管理的无线传感器网络管理平台和无线传感器网络 业务客户端， 实现了对 WSN终端的认证加入， 不会导致非法 WSN终端加 入到无线传感器网络， 从而很好地保证了网络安全。 附图说明
图 1为本发明结合网络结构的示意图；
图 2为本发明一种 WSN终端加入网络的方法的流程图；
图 3为本发明另一种 WSN终端加入网络的方法的流程图。 具体实施方式
本发明的基本思想是： 通过将无线传感器网络和电信网络进行结合， 大大拓展了无线传感器网络的应用功能， 并且， 通过在结合网络中设置对 无线传感器网络中的网络节点进行管理的无线传感器网络管理平台和无线 传感器网络业务客户端， 实现了对 WSN 终端的认证加入， 不会导致非法 WSN终端加入到无线传感器网络， 从而很好地保证了网络安全。 为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚明白， 以下举实施例并 参照附图， 对本发明进一步详细说明。
在本发明中， 无线传感器网络是由一组传感器节点设备以自组织方式 组成的无线网络， 传感器节点设备间以近距离无线通信技术进行通信。 无 线传感器网络通常部署在几米至几百米的区域范围内， 其中传感器节点设 备通常是由电池供电， 具有较低的功耗和成本。 近距离通信技术一般釆用
Zigbee和 IEEE 802.15.4技术。
在本发明中， 无线传感器网络与电信网络结合， 是指将无线传感器网 络与电信网络相连接， 利用电信网络对无线传感器网络及其提供的业务进 行监控、 管理及完成业务的承载与合作实施， 并通过电信网络扩展无线传 感器网络所提供的业务。 电信网络包括移动通信网络、 xDSL、 FTTx、 卫星 通信等多种通信网络。
在本发明中， 无线传感器网络由 WSN终端和网关设备组成， WSN终 端和网关可以按照无线传感器网络的有关技术标准组建， 可用于组建无线 传感器网络的近距离通信技术包括 Zigbee技术、 IEEE 802.15.4标准等。 无 线传感器网络通过网关连接到电信网络， 和电信网络中的无线传感器网络 管理平台等建立通信。
图 1为本发明结合网络结构的示意图， 如图 1所示， 结合网络， 包括 无线传感器网络和电信网络， 所述无线传感器网络 WSN中设有 WSN终端 和网关； 所述电信网络中设有无线传感器网络管理平台和无线传感器网络 业务客户端； 其中，
无线传感器网络管理平台， 用于将加入到无线传感器网络所需要的网 络配置参数提供给 WSN终端；
无线传感器网络业务客户端， 分别连接于所述无线传感器网络管理平 台及所述 WSN终端， 用于利用所述网络配置参数加入无线传感器网络。 其中， 所述无线传感器网络管理平台进一步通过所述无线传感器网络 业务客户端将加入到无线传感器网络所需要的网络配置参数写入到 WSN 终端。
其中， 所述无线传感器网络管理平台进一步接收所述无线传感器网络 业务客户端发送 WSN终端的信息及所述 WSN终端待加入无线传感器网络 的标识信息；
所述无线传感器网络管理平台根据所述待加入无线传感器网络的标识 信息识别出 WSN终端加入的无线传感器网络，获得所述无线传感器网络的 网络配置参数， 并通过所述无线传感器网络业务客户端将所述网络配置参 数写入到 WSN终端。
其中，所述无线传感器网络管理平台进一步向所述 WSN终端待加入的 无线传感器网络的网关发送获取无线传感器网络配置参数请求， 所述网关 将所述网络配置参数提供给管理平台。
或者， 所述无线传感器网络管理平台获得所述无线传感器网络的网络 配置参数， 为：
无线传感器网络创建后，所述无线传感器网络的网关将 WSN终端加入 到所述无线传感器网络所需的网络配置参数提供给所述无线传感器网络管 理平台， 所述无线传感器网络管理平台保存所述网络配置参数。
其中， 所述无线传感器网络的标识信息包括所述无线传感器网络的位 置信息； 所述无线传感器网络管理平台进一步存储有所述无线传感器网络 的位置信息与所述无线传感器网络对应关系的信息；
所述无线传感器网络管理平台根据所述待加入无线传感器网络的标识 信息识别出所述的无线传感器网络。
其中， 所述网络配置参数包括： 认证密钥和所述 WSN终端待加入无线 传感器网络的网关地址； 所述 WSN 终端通过所述网络配置参数加入相应的无线传感器网络， 为：
所述 WSN 终端根据待加入无线传感器网络的网关地址向所述网关发 送力口入请求,
所述网关根据所述认证密钥对所述 WSN终端进行认证，认证通过后允 许加入所述无线传感器网络。
上述无线传感器网络可以釆用 Zigbee技术进行组网， 也可以釆用其他 通信技术组网。
本发明中， 为了实现无线传感器网络和电信网络的连接， 无线传感器 网络通过网关力。入电信网络并经由电信网络中的加入网络、 电信网络业务 平台、 与无线传感器网络管理平台相连。 WSN终端通过网关设备连接至电 信网平台。 WSN终端为构成无线传感器网络的传感器节点， 通过一跳或多 跳与网关连接。 WSN终端设备负责釆集并上传数据，以及接收并执行命令。 组成 WSN的设备少则几个多则几百个，设备间可根据需要以星形、树形或 MESH方式组网， 其中某些设备或具有较强的组网和数据转发能力。 WSN 终端处于该结合网的最末端。 本发明中， WSN终端可以是各种传感器如温 度传感器、 湿度传感器、 视频监测器、 音频监测器等设备。
本发明中， 网关负责连接无线传感器网络和电信网络， 主要完成协议 转换、 地址解析及映射， 以及数据转发等功能， 网关也可以集成安全和计 费等功能。 网关可以支持的功能可以包括： 支持传感器网络内部数据协同 和汇聚； 支持以 2G移动通信、 3G移动通信、 xDSL、 FTTx、 宽带无线加入、 卫星 /微波等远距离通信加入方式的一种或多种， 将汇聚的数据传输到通信 对端； 支持业务平台和远程管理服务器对网关设备认证和用户认证； 支持 业务平台和远程管理服务器对网关的参数和软件配置； 支持用户认证和业 务安全、 设备管理安全机制。 业务平台是电信网络中运行和管理与无线传感器网络相结合的业务的 功能实体， 负责整合各个服务提供商提供的业务， 并将其提供给终端用户， 同时对用户使用业务的情况进行管理。 业务平台会根据不同业务的需要， 协同电信网络中其他功能实体完成整个业务流程， 例如认证授权计费
( AAA, Authentication Authorization and Accounting )月良务器。 业务平台还 可能与远程服务器连接， 网络管理人员通过该远程服务器， 能直接对业务 进行更新。
无线传感器网络管理平台是对无线传感器网络实施管理功能的实体， 由远程管理服务器组成。 该远程管理服务器通过电信网络对无线传感器网 络实施基本的管理功能。
无线传感器网络业务客户端同无线传感器网络管理平台连接， 通过无 线传感器网络管理平台， 可以执行无线传感器网络管理的有关业务数据的 查询和录入等功能， 无线传感器网络业务客户端配合无线传感器网络管理 平台完成 WSN终端的管理。无线传感器网络业务客户端配置有可以连接到 WSN终端的连接线， 无线传感器网络业务客户端通过连接线与 WSN终端 建立连接。 除通过连接线建立通信连接外， 无线传感器网络业务客户端与 WSN终端之间也可以釆用别的通信连接方法， 如通过现有的有线或无线网 络进行连接。
本发明中，可以由无线传感器网络管理平台或业务平台实现对 WSN终 端加入无线传感器网络时的管理。 下面描述由无线传感器网络管理平台管 理 WSN终端加入无线传感器网络时的管理方法。也可以由业务平台代替无 线传感器网络管理平台釆用同样的方法实现 WSN 终端加入无线传感器网 络时的管理过程。 也就是说， 本发明中的无线传感器网络管理平台和业务 平台的功能是可以结合的， 或者， 将本发明中所述方式对应的管理相关的 软件移植到上述网元中的任一个，即可按本发明所述的方式对 WSN终端进 行管理。
本发明中，无线传感器网络管理平台提供 WSN终端加入无线传感器网 络所需要的网络配置参数， WSN终端使用该网络配置参数加入到无线传感 器网络。 器网络的网络配置参数。 第一种方式， 无线传感器网络管理平台向无线传 感器网络中的网关发送获取无线传感器网络配置参数请求， 网关提供 WSN 终端加入该无线传感器网络的网络配置参数。 第二种方式， 无线传感器网 络创建后， 无线传感器网络将加入该无线传感器网络所需要的网络配置参 数提供给无线传感器网络管理平台， 并在无线传感器网络管理平台进行保 存。 以下分别进行详细地阐述。
本发明中，无线传感器网络的网络配置参数为 WSN终端加入无线传感 器网络时需要预置的网络配置参数，包括对 WSN终端进行身份验证的密钥 以及 WSN终端待加入的无线传感器网络的相关信息等。未获取无线传感器 网络的网络配置参数的 WSN终端， 是不能加入无线传感器网络中的。
本发明中， 无线传感器网络管理平台将网络配置参数通过安全的方式 写入 WSN终端中。
本发明中， 无线传感器网络管理平台保存无线传感器网络及其所在的 位置的对应关系的信息， 在给定一个无线传感器网络的位置信息时， 无线 传感器网络管理平台可以确定该位置是否存在该无线传感器网络管理平台 所管理的无线传感器网络， 并且能识别出该位置处的无线传感器网络。 上 述的位置信息也可以是无线传感器网络的其他标识信息， 如名称等信息。
本发明中， 在向 WSN终端写入网络配置参数前， 可以由无线传感器网 络管理平台连接的无线传感器网络业务客户端向无线传感器网络管理平台 提交获取无线传感器网络配置参数的请求，并将 WSN终端的待加入的无线 传感器网络的位置信息等提供给无线传感器网络管理平台。
本发明中， 无线传感器网络管理平台接收到无线传感器网络业务客户 端的获取 WSN终端的网络配置参数的请求后，根据无线传感器网络的位置 信息等识别出与位置信息等对应的无线传感器网络， 然后再查找出该无线 传感器网络的网络配置参数， 并通过无线传感器网络业务客户端写入到 WSN终端中。
本发明中， 为了保证 WSN终端中的网络配置参数的安全， 读取和写入 无线传感器网络配置参数需要经过身份认证； 以使网络配置参数在终端中 进行安全的保存。
在向 WSN终端写入要加入的无线传感器网络的网络配置参数后， WSN 终端即可使用该网络配置参数加入到对应的无线传感器网络。
WSN终端加入无线传感器网络后， 无线传感器网络的网关通知 WSN 终端已经加入该无线传感器网络，管理平台记录该 WSN终端的有关信息并 通知业务平台，业务平台配置与该 WSN终端的有关参数并启用该无线传感 器网络的相关业务。
本发明中， WSN终端离开无线传感器网络时， 网关通知无线传感器网 络管理平台，无线传感器网络管理平台记录该 WSN终端的状态并通知业务 平台， 业务平台停止该 WSN终端所执行的业务。
本发明中， 无线传感器网络是基于 Zigbee技术组建的。
ZigBee是一种新兴的短距离、 低速率、 低成本、 低功耗的无线网络技 术。 它釆用直接序列扩频（ DSSS , Direct sequence spread spectrum )技术， 工作频率为 868MHz、 915MHz或 2.4GHz。 基于 ZigBee技术配置无线个域 网络是近年来近距离无线通信技术的一种新发展， 在工业自动化领域以及 智能家居领域获得了越来越广泛的应用。
ZigBee网络中有三种类型的节点： ZigBee协调点、 ZigBee路由节点和 ZigBee终端节点。
ZigBee协调点在 IEEE 802.15.4中也称为个域网 （PAN, Personal Area Network )协调点 （ZC, ZigBee Coordinator ), 在无线传感器网络中可以作 为汇聚节点。 ZigBee协调点必须是全功能设备（ FFD, Full Function Device ), 一个 ZigBee网络只有一个 ZigBee协调点，它往往比网络中其他节点的功能 更强大， 是整个网络的主控节点。 它负责发起建立新的网络、 设定网络参 数、 管理网络中的节点以及存储网络中节点信息等， 网络形成后也可以执 行路由器的功能。 ZigBee协调点是三种类型 ZigBee节点最为复杂的一种， 一般由交流电源持续供电。
ZigBee路由节点（ZR, ZigBee Router, )也必须是全功能设备。 ZigBee 路由节点可以参与路由发现、 消息转发， 通过连接别的节点来扩展网络的 覆盖范围等。此外， ZigBee路由节点还可以在它的个操作空间（ POS , Personal Operating Space ) 中充当普通协调点 （ IEEE 802.15.4称为协调点）。 普通协 调点与 ZigBee协调点不同， 它仍然受 ZigBee协调点的控制。
ZigBee终端节点 （ ZE, ZigBee EndDevice ) 可以是全功能设备或者精 简功能设备 ( RFD , Reduced Function Device ) , 它通过 ZigBee协凋点或者 ZigBee 路由节点连接到网络， 但不允许其他任何节点通过它加入网络， ZigBee终端节点能够以非常低的功率运行。
本发明中， 网关作为 Zigbee网络中的 Zigbee协调点， 负责无线传感器 网络的组建。 WSN终端可以作为 Zigbee路由节点或者 Zigbee终端节点加 入无线传感器网络。 网关和 WSN终端需要支持 Zigbee通信技术。
另外， 为了实现 Zigbee网络的安全， 需要对无线传感器网络中的通信 进行加密， Zigbee网络中的加密运算釆用先进加密标准算法（ AES, Advanced Encryption Standard ), 釆用的对称密钥长度为 128位。 Zigbee网络中使用的 密钥主要包括： 主密钥 （ Master key )。 该密钥是执行对称密钥建立协议过程中使用的 一个共享密钥。 主密钥是两个设备之间长期安全的基础， 并可用于生成链 接密钥。
链接密钥（Link key )。在一个 PAN网中，是两个设备之间共享的密钥， 用于两个设备之间的安全通信。
网络密钥 （ Network key )。 该密钥为一个 PAN网络中共享的密钥， 用 于广播通信的安全。
为实现 Zigbee网络的安全和密钥的管理等， Zigbee网络中存在信任中 心。 信任中心是在网络中分配安全钥匙的一种令人信任的设备， 它允许设 备加入网络， 并分配密钥， 因而确保设备之间端到端的安全性。 在釆用安 全机制的网络中， 网络协调者可成为信任中心。 信任中心提供以下三种功 能：
信任管理， 任务是负责对加入网络的设备验证。
网络管理， 任务是负责获取和分配网络钥匙给设备。
配置管理， 任务是对其管理的设备绑定应用程序， 在两设备之间实现 端到端的安全传输。
为了实现信任管理， 设备需要信任中心接收初始主密钥。
为了实现网络管理的目的， 设备应接收初始的网络密钥， 并且只能从 信任中心获得网络密钥的更新。
为实现网络配置， 设备需要从信任中心接收主密钥或链路密钥， 以建 立两个设备间的端对端的安全链路。
除了初始的主密钥， 附加的链路密钥、 主密钥、 网络密钥只能够釆用 安全的方式从信任中心获得。 信任中心应当根据某一策略周期性地更新网 络密钥， 并将新的网络密钥传送给每个设备。
本发明中， 由网关作为信任中心进行网络的安全管理。 在 Zigbee网络 中，一个 WSN终端从无线传感器网络管理平台获取的网络配置参数中可以 包括要加入的无线传感器网络的初始主密钥和信任中心 （即本发明中的网 关 ) 的地址。 WSN终端加入无线传感器网络时， 网关险证 WSN终端的初 始主密钥的真实性， 从而验证该 WSN终端的身份。 如果该 WSN终端的初 始主密钥是正确的， 则允许该 WSN终端加入无线传感器网络， WSN终端 和网关之间可以基于初始主密钥进行协商， 确定加入该无线传感器网络所 需要的链接密钥、 网络密钥和网络地址等， 从而实现 WSN终端成功地加入 该无线传感器网络。不具备网络配置参数的 WSN终端申请加入无线传感器 网络时， 因不能提供初始主密钥或者初始主密钥不是正确的密钥， 网关则 拒绝该 WSN终端加入该无线传感器网络。
本发明中， 网关和电信网中的无线传感器网络管理平台和其他网络单 元实体之间可以通过网关的身份标识实现对网关的身份认证和安全通信。
本发明中， 通过无线传感器网络的网络标识识别某个无线传感器网络。 网关创建无线传感器网络后， 可以由网关或者由无线传感器网络管理平台 确定该无线传感器网络的网络标识， 无线传感器网络管理平台中记录无线 传感器网络的包括网络标识和网络位置的有关信息。 由此， 无线传感器网 络管理平台可以根据一个给定的位置信息判断该位置是否存在由该无线传 感器网络管理平台管理的无线传感器网络， 如果存在无线传感器网络， 则 可以获得在该位置的无线传感器网络的标识， 从而确定在该位置的无线传 感器网络。
本发明中， WSN终端生产商在生产 WSN终端时没有在 WSN终端中 写入无线传感器网络配置参数，可以在 WSN终端投入使用前由无线传感器 网络业务客户端在设备中写入要加入的无线传感器网络的网络配置参数。 为了保证无线传感器网络配置参数的安全， WSN终端生产商可以为每个或 者一组 WSN终端设置读写密钥，通过读写密钥实现对外部实体的认证以保 证读写的信息的安全传输。外部实体在读取和写入 WSN终端内的网络配置 参数时， 必须具备正确的读写密钥。 WSN终端生产商可以将 WSN终端的 读写密钥提供给无线传感器网络管理平台， 并由无线传感器网络管理平台 进行安全保存。
下面描述釆用 Zigbee技术组建的无线传感器网络中 WSN终端加入无 线传感器网络的过程。 器网络的网络配置参数。 第一种方式， 无线传感器网络管理平台向无线传 感器网络中的网关发送获取无线传感器网络配置参数请求， 网关提供 WSN 终端加入该无线传感器网络的网络配置参数。 第二种方式， 无线传感器网 络创建后， 无线传感器网络将加入该无线传感器网络所需要的网络配置参 数提供给无线传感器网络管理平台， 并在无线传感器网络管理平台进行保 存。 以下分别进行详细描述。
图 2为本发明一种 WSN终端加入网络的方法的流程图， 如图 2所示， 釆用第一种方式获取无线传感器网络的网络配置参数时的 WSN 终端加入 无线传感器网络的过程为：
步骤 201 ,无线传感器网络业务客户端向无线传感器网络管理平台提交 待加入无线传感器网络的标识信息。无线传感器网络的标识信息包括： WSN 终端待加入的无线传感器网络的位置信息及其名称信息等。
在该步骤中， 通过无线传感器网络业务客户端可以向无线传感器网络 管理平台输入 WSN终端的有关信息包括终端的标识号、 WSN终端的类型 及待加入无线传感器网络的位置信息等，在 WSN终端使用的位置信息输入 界面上， 只允许输入当前存在的无线传感器网络管理平台管理的无线传感 器网络的位置信息， 不能输入不存在无线传感器网络的位置信息。
步骤 202,无线传感器网络管理平台获取与该位置信息对应的无线传感 器网络的信息。
在该步骤中，无线传感器网络管理平台根据该 WSN终端待加入的无线 传感器网络的位置信息等在平台保存的无线传感器网络的信息中进行查 询， 获取该位置信息对应的无线传感器网络的信息， 包括该无线传感器网 络的标识号、 网关的地址等。
步骤 203，无线传感器网络管理平台与该位置的无线传感器网络的网关 建立通信， 请求获取 WSN终端待加入该无线传感器网络的网络配置参数。
在该步骤中， 无线传感器网络平台向无线传感器网络的网关发送获取 无线传感器网络配置参数请求消息， 在该消息中无线传感器网络管理平台 可以将待加入该无线传感器网络的 WSN终端的信息发送给网关， WSN终 端的信息可以包括终端的标识号、 终端类型等。
步骤 204, 无线传感器网络的网关准备 WSN终端加入该无线传感器网 络的网络配置参数并发送给无线传感器网络管理平台。
在该步骤中，网关可以将接收到的终端信息进行保存并将该 WSN终端 加入到待加入 WSN终端列表， 网关为该 WSN终端待加入到无线传感器网 络的网络配置参数， 然后将该网络配置参数发送给无线传感器网络管理平 台。 网关为 WSN终端准备网络配置参数时， 可以为该 WSN终端设置一个 初始主密钥， 然后将初始主密钥和网关地址作为加入该无线传感器网络的 网络配置参数发送给无线传感器网络管理平台。
步骤 205 ,无线传感器网络管理平台将加入该无线传感器网络的网络配 置参数通过无线传感器网络业务客户端写入到 WSN终端。
在该步骤中， 无线传感器网络管理平台通过无线传感器网络业务客户 端同 WSN终端建立通信，并通过读写密钥进行身份验证；身份验证通过后， 将网络配置参数写入到 WSN终端； WSN终端可以釆用加密的方式安全保 存网络配置参数。 步骤 206, WSN终端使用无线传感器网络的网络配置参数申请加入到 无线传感器网络。
在该步骤中， WSN终端被放置在待加入的无线传感器网络所覆盖的区 域。 WSN终端开机启动后， WSN终端可以先在设定的信道上进行网络扫 描 ,确定要加入的无线传感器网络。网络扫描可以通过在信道上发送 Beacon Request帧， 在这个信道上的无线传感器网络中的设备收到 Beacon Request 后， 如果允许有新的 WSN终端加入该无线传感器网络， 将会回应 Beacon 帧， 该 Beacon帧包含了发送该帧的设备的地址信息， 以及是否允许其他 设备以其子节点的方式加入。 WSN终端将收到的 Beacon帧的信息保存在 自身的关联表 ( neighbor table ) 中。
WSN 终端在关联表中选择合适的父节点， 并向父节点发送关联请求 ( Association Request ) 帧请求加入无线传感器网络。 处于无线传感器网络 的父节点设备收到加入无线传感器网络的请求后， 通知无线传感器网络的 网关有新的无线传感器网络设备请求加入无线传感器网络。
无线传感器网络的网关对 WSN 终端进行验证， 验证方法可以按照 Zigbee规范中节点设备加入到网络的方法，网关判断 WSN终端中的初始主 密钥的真实性。 如果 WSN终端验证通过， 则执行步骤 7 中的操作； 如果 WSN终端验证失败， 则进行步骤 8中的操作。
步骤 207, WSN终端验证通过后， 与网关进行通信协商确定链接密钥 和网络密钥， 网关在节点管理表中添加该 WSN终端的信息， WSN终端的 父节点设备在自身的相邻表中保存该 WSN终端的信息， WSN终端在自身 的相邻表中保存父节点和网关的信息。 至此， WSN终端成功加入无线传感 器网络， 成为无线传感器网络中的一个节点设备， 可以启用 WSN终端的传 感功能， 并将传感数据通过网关上报到无线传感器网络业务平台。
步骤 208 , 无线传感器网络的网关通知无线传感器网络管理平台该 WSN终端已经加入到该无线传感器网络。
在该步骤中， 无线传感器网络管理平台可以记录 WSN 终端的有关信 息， 并将 WSN终端的信息发送给业务平台， 业务平台配置和 WSN终端的 有关数据， 启用 WSN终端所支持的业务。 如果 WSN终端认证不通过， 网 关拒绝该 WSN终端加入无线传感器网络。
釆用第二种方式获取无线传感器网络的网络配置参数时， 无线传感器 网络管理平台保存有其管理的无线传感器网络的网络配置参数。 在某个位 置的网关创建无线传感器网络后， 需要将加入该无线传感器网络所需要的 网络配置参数发送给无线传感器网络管理平台， 无线传感器网络管理平台 安全保存该无线传感器网络的网络配置参数， 加入到该无线传感器网络的 WSN终端都使用该无线传感器网络配置参数加入到该无线传感器网络。 为 了网络配置参数的安全， 无线传感器网络的网络配置参数可以定期或者不 定期更新。 图 3为本发明另一种 WSN终端加入网络的方法的流程图， 如图 3所示， 釆用这种方式时， WSN终端加入无线传感器网络的过程为：
步骤 301 ,无线传感器网络业务客户端向无线传感器网络管理平台提交 无线传感器网络的标识信息。 无线传感器网络的标识信息包括无线传感器 网络的位置信息及其名称等。
在该步骤中， 通过无线传感器网络业务客户端可以向无线传感器网络 管理平台输入待加入无线传感器网络的有关信息包括 WSN 终端的类型和 及其位置信息等， 在 WSN终端使用的位置输入界面上， 只允许输入当前存 在的无线传感器网络管理平台管理的无线传感器网络的位置信息， 不能输 入不存在无线传感器网络的位置信息。
步骤 302,无线传感器网络管理平台获取该位置的无线传感器网络的信 息。
在该步骤中，无线传感器网络管理平台根据该 WSN终端待加入无线传 感器网络的位置信息， 在平台保存的无线传感器网络的信息中进行查询， 获取与该位置信息对应的无线传感器网络的信息， 包括无线传感器网络的 标识号、 网关的地址以及无线传感器网络的网络配置参数等。
步骤 303 ,无线传感器网络管理平台将加入该无线传感器网络所需要的 网络配置参数通过无线传感器网络业务客户端写入到 WSN终端。
在该步骤中， 无线传感器网络管理平台通过无线传感器网络业务客户 端同 WSN终端建立通信，并通过读写密钥进行身份验证；身份验证通过后， 将网络配置参数写入到 WSN终端； WSN终端可以釆用加密的方式安全保 存网络配置参数。
步骤 304, WSN终端使用无线传感器网络的网络配置参数申请加入到 无线传感器网络。
在该步骤中， WSN终端被放置在待加入的无线传感器网络所覆盖的区 域。 WSN终端开机启动后， WSN终端可以先在设定的信道上进行网络扫 描， 确定要加入的无线传感器网络。 网络扫描可以通过在信道上发送信标 请求（ Beacon Request )帧， 在这个信道上的无线传感器网络中的设备收到 Beacon Request后， 如果允许有新的 WSN终端加入该无线传感器网络， 将 会回应信标（ Beacon )帧，该 Beacon帧包含了发送该帧的设备的地址信息， 以及是否允许其他设备以其子节点的方式加入。 WSN终端将收到的 Beacon 帧的信息保存在自身的关联表 ( neighbor table ) 中。
WSN终端在关联表中选择合适的父节点， 并向父节点发送 Association Request帧请求加入无线传感器网络。 处于无线传感器网络的父节点设备收 到加入无线传感器网络的请求后， 通知无线传感器网络的网关有新的无线 传感器网络设备请求加入无线传感器网络。
无线传感器网络的网关对 WSN 终端进行验证， 验证方法可以按照 Zigbee规范中节点设备加入到网络的方法，网关判断 WSN终端中的初始主 密钥的真实性。 如果 WSN终端验证通过， 则执行步骤 5 中的操作； 如果 WSN终端验证失败， 则进行步骤 6中的操作。
步骤 305, WSN终端验证通过后， 与网关进行通信协商确定链接密钥 和网络密钥， 网关在节点管理表中添加该 WSN终端的信息， WSN终端的 父节点设备在自身的相邻表中保存该 WSN终端的信息， WSN终端在自身 的相邻表中保存父节点和网关的信息。 至此， WSN终端成功加入无线传感 器网络， 成为无线传感器网络中的一个节点设备， 可以启用 WSN终端的传 感功能， 并将传感数据通过网关上报到无线传感器网络业务平台。
步骤 306 , 无线传感器网络的网关通知无线传感器网络管理平台该 WSN终端已经加入到该无线传感器网络。
在该步骤中， 无线传感器网络管理平台可以记录 WSN 终端的有关信 息， 并将 WSN终端的信息发送给业务平台， 业务平台配置和 WSN终端的 有关数据， 启用 WSN终端所支持的业务。 如果 WSN终端认证不通过， 网 关拒绝该 WSN终端加入无线传感器网络。
通过上述的过程， WSN终端中写入网络配置参数并加入指定的无线传 感器网络。
本发明中， 加入无线传感器网络的终端离开无线传感器网络时， 网关 需要发送消息通知无线传感器网络管理平台， 无线传感器网络管理平台记 录 WSN终端的状态， 并通知无线传感器网络业务平台， 业务平台停用与该 WSN 终端有关的业务。 具体的， WSN 终端可以通过离开命令 ( Leave command )帧通知网关， 网关执行 WSN终端离开网络的有关操作， 并通知 无线传感器网络管理平台。
以上所述， 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种 WSN终端加入网络的方法， 应用于包含无线传感器网络和电 信网络的结合网络中， 所述无线传感器网络中设有 WSN终端和网关； 所述 电信网络中设有无线传感器网络管理平台和无线传感器网络业务客户端； 其特征在于， 所述方法包括：
所述无线传感器网络管理平台将加入到无线传感器网络所需要的网络 配置参数提供给 WSN终端；
所述 WSN终端使用所述网络配置参数加入到无线传感器网络。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述无线传感器网络管 理平台将加入到无线传感器网络所需要的网络配置参数提供给所述 WSN 终端， 为：
所述无线传感器网络管理平台通过所述无线传感器网络业务客户端将 加入到无线传感器网络所需要的网络配置参数写入到 WSN终端。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述无线传感器网络管 理平台通过业务客户端将加入到无线传感器网络所需要的网络配置参数写 入到所述 WSN终端， 为：
所述无线传感器网络业务客户端向无线传感器网络管理平台发送 WSN 终端的信息及待加入无线传感器网络的标识信息；
所述无线传感器网络管理平台根据所述待加入无线传感器网络的标识 信息识别出 WSN终端加入的无线传感器网络，获得所述无线传感器网络的 网络配置参数， 并通过所述无线传感器网络业务客户端将所述网络配置参 数写入到 WSN终端。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述获得所述无线传感 器网络的网络配置参数， 为：
所述无线传感器网络管理平台从所述 WSN 终端待加入的无线传感器 网络的网关获得所述无线传感器网络的网络配置参数。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述无线传感器网络管 理平台从所述 WSN 终端待加入的无线传感器网络的网关获得所述无线传 感器网络的网络配置参数， 为：
所述无线传感器网络管理平台向所述 WSN 终端待加入的无线传感器 网络的网关发送获取无线传感器网络配置参数请求， 所述网关将所述网络 配置参数提供给管理平台。
6、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述获得所述无线传感 器网络的网络配置参数， 为：
无线传感器网络创建后，所述无线传感器网络的网关将 WSN终端加入 到所述无线传感器网络所需的网络配置参数提供给所述无线传感器网络管 理平台， 所述无线传感器网络管理平台保存所述网络配置参数。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述无线传感器网络的 标识信息包括所述无线传感器网络的位置信息； 所述无线传感器网络管理 平台进一步存储有所述无线传感器网络的位置信息与所述无线传感器网络 对应关系的信息；
所述无线传感器网络管理平台根据所述待加入无线传感器网络的标识 信息识别出所述的无线传感器网络。
8、 根据权利要求 1至 7任一项所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述网络配 置参数包括： 认证密钥和所述 WSN 终端待加入无线传感器网络的网关地 址；
所述 WSN 终端通过所述网络配置参数加入相应的无线传感器网络， 为：
所述 WSN 终端根据待加入无线传感器网络的网关地址向所述网关发 送力口入请求； 所述网关根据所述认证密钥对所述 WSN终端进行认证，认证通过后允 许加入所述无线传感器网络。
9、 一种结合网络， 包括无线传感器网络和电信网络， 所述无线传感器 网络 WSN中设有 WSN终端和网关； 所述电信网络中设有无线传感器网络 管理平台和无线传感器网络业务客户端； 其特征在于，
无线传感器网络管理平台， 用于将加入到无线传感器网络所需要的网 络配置参数提供给 WSN终端；
无线传感器网络业务客户端， 分别连接于所述无线传感器网络管理平 台及所述 WSN终端， 用于利用所述网络配置参数加入无线传感器网络。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的结合网络， 其特征在于， 所述无线传感器 网络管理平台进一步通过所述无线传感器网络业务客户端将加入到无线传 感器网络所需要的网络配置参数写入到 WSN终端。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的结合网络， 其特征在于， 所述无线传感器 网络管理平台进一步接收所述无线传感器网络业务客户端发送 WSN 终端 的信息及所述 WSN终端待加入无线传感器网络的标识信息；
所述无线传感器网络管理平台根据所述待加入无线传感器网络的标识 信息识别出 WSN终端加入的无线传感器网络，获得所述无线传感器网络的 网络配置参数， 并通过所述无线传感器网络业务客户端将所述网络配置参 数写入到 WSN终端。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的结合网络， 其特征在于， 所述无线传感器 网络管理平台进一步向所述 WSN 终端待加入的无线传感器网络的网关发 送获取无线传感器网络配置参数请求， 所述网关将所述网络配置参数提供 给管理平台。
13、 根据权利要求 11所述的结合网络， 其特征在于， 所述无线传感器 网络管理平台获得所述无线传感器网络的网络配置参数， 为： 无线传感器网络创建后 ,所述无线传感器网络的网关将 WSN终端加入 到所述无线传感器网络所需的网络配置参数提供给所述无线传感器网络管 理平台， 所述无线传感器网络管理平台保存所述网络配置参数。
14、 根据权利要求 9所述的结合网络， 其特征在于， 所述无线传感器 网络的标识信息包括所述无线传感器网络的位置信息； 所述无线传感器网 络管理平台进一步存储有所述无线传感器网络的位置信息与所述无线传感 器网络对应关系的信息；
所述无线传感器网络管理平台根据所述待加入无线传感器网络的标识 信息识别出所述的无线传感器网络。
15、 根据权利要求 9至 14任一项所述的结合网络， 其特征在于， 所述 网络配置参数包括：认证密钥和所述 WSN终端待加入无线传感器网络的网 关地址；
所述 WSN 终端通过所述网络配置参数加入相应的无线传感器网络， 为：
所述 WSN 终端根据待加入无线传感器网络的网关地址向所述网关发 送力口入请求；
所述网关根据所述认证密钥对所述 WSN终端进行认证，认证通过后允 许加入所述无线传感器网络。
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