WO2011160199A1 - Gestion d'agent de soutènement dans un système de fracturation au gpl - Google Patents

Gestion d'agent de soutènement dans un système de fracturation au gpl Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011160199A1
WO2011160199A1 PCT/CA2010/000914 CA2010000914W WO2011160199A1 WO 2011160199 A1 WO2011160199 A1 WO 2011160199A1 CA 2010000914 W CA2010000914 W CA 2010000914W WO 2011160199 A1 WO2011160199 A1 WO 2011160199A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
proppant
liquid
level
vessel
sheath
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2010/000914
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Victor Fordyce
Original Assignee
Gasfrac Energy Services Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gasfrac Energy Services Inc. filed Critical Gasfrac Energy Services Inc.
Priority to PCT/CA2010/000914 priority Critical patent/WO2011160199A1/fr
Publication of WO2011160199A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011160199A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
    • E21B21/062—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole by mixing components
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping

Definitions

  • This document relates to methods and apparatus for supplying proppant in a well treatment system.
  • frac fluids may be sent to a high pressure pump to be pumped down a well to fracture a formation.
  • these frac fluids contain proppant supplied into the frac fluid for propping open fractures created in the formation by the pressure of the frac fluid.
  • Proppant may be supplied into the frac fluid from a proppant supply source. Fluid may be added to the proppant supply source to assist in controlling gas break out. A method of monitoring fluid level in the proppant is required.
  • An apparatus for supplying proppant comprising: a vessel having an interior containing proppant and liquid, an inlet for supplying proppant to the interior, and an outlet for supplying the proppant and liquid from the interior of the pressure vessel, the proppant occupying the interior of the vessel to a proppant level; and a level monitor associated with the vessel for monitoring at least a level of the liquid in the vessel independently of the proppant level.
  • a method of supplying proppant comprising: providing a vessel having an interior that contains proppant and liquid, the proppant occupying the interior of the vessel to a proppant level; and monitoring at least a level of liquid in the vessel independently of the proppant level.
  • a discriminator for discriminating between the level of liquid and the proppant level.
  • the discriminator may comprise a sheath with an opening for allowing liquid in the interior to enter the sheath and restricting entry of proppant into the sheath. The opening may be at a lower end of the sheath.
  • the level monitor may be configured to use time domain reflectometry to determine the level of liquid.
  • the vessel may comprise a positive-pressure vessel.
  • the liquid may comprise liquefied petroleum gas.
  • the outlet may be connected to supply proppant and liquid into a pressurized stream of fluid.
  • the level of liquid may be below the proppant level.
  • the level monitor may be configured to monitor both the level of liquid and the proppant level. Monitoring may comprise monitoring a level of liquid within a sheath in the vessel, the sheath having an opening for allowing liquid to enter the sheath and restricting proppant entry into the sheath. Monitoring may comprise monitoring using time domain reflectometry.
  • the vessel may be pressurized. Proppant and liquid may be supplied from the vessel into a pressurized stream of fluid. Liquid may be supplied into the vessel based on the level of liquid. The level of liquid in the vessel may be below the proppant level.
  • the sheath may have an upper end and a lower end. The sheath may have an equalization vent. The sheath may be straight along a sheath length.
  • the sheath may span an upper end of the interior to a lower end of the interior.
  • the proppant and liquid may be a mixture of proppant and liquid.
  • the opening may comprises one or more slots.
  • the opening may comprise a proppant screen.
  • the level monitor may be located at least partially outside the interior of the vessel. Liquid may be supplied into the vessel from an inlet in the vessel. The proppant may be wetted with liquid.
  • the vessel may comprise a liquid inlet for supplying liquid to the interior of the vessel.
  • FIG. 1 is side elevation view, in section and not to scale, of a proppant vessel containing a level monitoring device.
  • Fig. 2 is a side elevation view, in section and not to scale, of a portion of a level discriminator.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic of a proppant addition system.
  • Fig. 4 is a side elevation view, partially in section and not to scale, of a proppant supply source contained on a taick flatbed.
  • Fig. 5 is a side elevation view, in section and not to scale, of a portion of a further level discriminator.
  • Fig. 6 is a side elevation view, in section and not to scale, of a pressure vessel and a level monitoring device.
  • Fig. 7 is a perspective view, not to scale, of the lower end of a discriminator.
  • Fig. 8 is a side elevation view, in section and not to scale, of a proppant vessel containing a level monitoring device having multiple systems.
  • Fig. 9 is a flow schematic of a method of supplying proppant.
  • Proppant may be supplied into a stream of fluid, for example a stream of frac fluid.
  • a stream of frac fluid may be desirable to supply the proppant as a mixture of proppant and liquid.
  • the liquid may wet the proppant to allow the proppant to be more easily transferred from the proppant supply source.
  • the liquid in the proppant may act as a liquid seal to prevent gas breakthrough into the stream of frac fluid from the proppant vessel.
  • FIG. 1 an apparatus 10 for supplying proppant is illustrated.
  • Apparatus 10 comprises a vessel 12 and a level monitor 14, for example a level monitoring device or devices.
  • Vessel 12 has an interior 16 containing proppant and liquid, an inlet 18 for supplying proppant to the interior 16, and an outlet 20 for supplying the proppant and liquid from the interior 16 of the vessel 12.
  • proppant occupies the interior 16 to a proppant level 30.
  • outlet 20 may be connected to supply proppant into a pressurized stream of fluid 24.
  • the vessel 12 may be a positive-pressure vessel as illustrated in Fig. 6, for example if supplying proppant into a stream of pressurized fluid or if the liquid comprises liquefied petroleum gas. Referring to Fig.
  • vessel 12 may have a liquid inlet 22 for supplying liquid to the interior 16 of the vessel 12.
  • level monitor 14 is associated with the vessel 12 for monitoring at least a level of liquid 26 in the vessel independently of the proppant level 30. Thus the level monitor 14 is able to determine the level of liquid in the interior 16 even if the actual level of liquid in the vessel is above or below the proppant level 30.
  • Level monitor 14 may have a discriminator 28 as part of level monitor 14 for discriminating between the level of liquid 26 and proppant level 30.
  • level monitor 14 may be located at least partially outside the interior 16 of the vessel 12 (Fig. 4), or within vessel 12 (Fig. 1) for example attached to a surface of the interior 16.
  • the proppant is wetted with liquid.
  • the level of liquid 26 may be below the proppant level 30.
  • a suitable amount of liquid may be maintained or supplied into interior 16 to provide at least one of a liquid seal and saturation of the pores of the proppant contained within. Because sand has around 30% porosity an exemplary load of 15 tonnes of sand would contain 3 m 3 of propane.
  • the discriminator 28 may comprise a sheath 34 with an opening 40.
  • Sheath 34 may have an upper end 36 and a lower end 38 as shown. Opening 40, which may be at or near the lower end 38, is provided for allowing liquid in the interior 16 to enter the sheath 34. Opening 40, which may comprise plural openings, also restrict and preferably prevent the proppant entry into the sheath 34. Thus the liquid in sheath 34 may be isolated from the proppant so that the liquid level 26 can be measured.
  • Sheath 34 may have an equalization vent 42 for allowing the pressure inside the interior 16 and inside the sheath 34 to equalize. Vent 42 may be a hole or perforated surface for example.
  • Discriminator 28 may discriminate between the level of liquid 26 and the proppant level 30 regardless of the relative level of either in the vessel 12.
  • Sheath 34 may be a radar rod, for example of the type sold by Endress and
  • Sheath 34 may also have a flange 35 for coupling to a head 13 of a level monitor device for example by bolting.
  • flange 35 may be adapted to couple to at least one of both inlet 18, for example the hatch of the vessel 12, and head 13. This way, when inlet 18 is opened, sheath 34 may be easily removed or inserted as desired.
  • sheath 34 is straight along a sheath length, which may be from the upper end 36 to the lower end 38, for example in some cases when the level monitor 14 operates on a line-of-sight detection basis. Referring to Fig.
  • sheath 34 spans from an upper end 44 of the interior 16 to a lower end 46 of the interior 16. This way, discriminator 28 may discriminate between the proppant and the liquid over the entire or a suitable vertical portion of the entire interior height of the inside of the tank. Referring to Fig. 3, in some embodiments sheath 34 only spans a portion of the interior height of the vessel 12.
  • opening 40 may comprise at least one slot as shown.
  • opening 40 may effectively consist of openings along a portion or the entire length of sheath 34, for maximum permeation of the liquid into the sheath 34.
  • opening 40 may comprise a proppant screen 48.
  • Screen 48 is understood to allow liquid to pass into sheath 34, while having screen openings sized to prevent proppant from entering.
  • the entire length of sheath 34 may be a proppant screen, or a perforated surface for example.
  • sheath 34 may be angled relative to vertical. This may be advantageous depending on the configuration of interior 16 of vessel 12. For example, in the embodiment illustrated, lower end 46 of vessel 12 feeds to an outlet 20, for example an auger. If outlet 20 is centrally located in the base of vessel 12, then there may be no room for lower end 38 of sheath 34 to extend into, and sheath 34 can be angled to the nearby side of outlet 20.
  • Level monitor 14 may monitor the amount of liquid that is contained in the proppant supply source 12. This may allow a user to directly measure or indirectly estimate the actual height of liquid in the vessel and hence the effective size of the liquid seal provided by the liquid in the interior 16 at the outlet of the proppant supply source. The amount of liquid may be monitored by taking at least one of direct and indirect
  • the level of liquid may be the actual height of the liquid in the proppant supply source, or it may be other measurable levels for example the level of liquid in sheath 34.
  • calibration of the measuring equipment may be required, to take into differences in for example proppant, liquid, container size, and outlet location.
  • the discriminator 28 may be configured to distinguish between the level of liquid and the proppant level in the interior 16, so that at least the level of the liquid can be measured.
  • This distinguishing may be accomplished at least in part by isolating at least one of the levels, for example by physically separating the liquid from the proppant using sheath 34.
  • the distinguishing may also be done at least in part electronically, for example by analyzing measured data obtained from monitor 14 using a computing device.
  • the analyzation part may be provided for example in at least one of head 13 and from a remote location for example in a control console. In this way, monitor 14 obtains measurements that are then interpreted by another part of the level monitor 14.
  • the final information may be then conveyed to at least one of a user and a control algorithm, and may be used to make further decisions. For example, if the level of liquid, and hence the effectiveness of the liquid seal is low, a decision may be made to increase the amount of liquid in the interior 16.
  • Software used may be contained on a computer readable medium.
  • level monitor 14 may be configured to use time domain refiectometry (TDR) to determine the level of liquid, for example level 26 within the sheath 34.
  • TDR time domain refiectometry
  • This type of measurement may involve the use of a sonic device that emits waves 52 from for example head 13 which bounce off the level 26 and return as return waves 54, wherein determining the height of liquid in the sheath is based on the time difference between sending waves 52 and detecting waves 54.
  • the waves may be radio waves for example.
  • the waves may be guided by the sheath 34.
  • a suitable system that can accomplish this is the Levelflex M FMP41C from Endress and Hauser.
  • Level monitor 14 may detect the position of float 56, and hence infer level 26.
  • FIG. 6 another example of a method of detection is illustrated using detection of sound waves, where level monitor 14 sends out sound waves to directly detect levels 26 and 30.
  • the level monitor is configured to monitor both the level of liquid 26 and the proppant level 30.
  • the discriminator comprises software in a computing device that distinguishes between the reflections from the liquid and from the proppant.
  • level 26 above level 30, and with level monitor 14 being a TDR device that can detect the interface between liquid and proppant (ie level 30) as well as level 26 itself.
  • TDR devices can only detect the level of liquid in proppant if the level 26 of liquid is above the proppant level 30, and thus a physical discriminator 28 may be required.
  • FIG. 8 another example of detecting both levels is illustrated, using a level monitor 14 having two systems 14A and 14B to detect levels 26 and 30, respectively.
  • System 14A may be the same as level monitor 14 illustrated in Fig. 1, while system 14B may be a TDR device.
  • a further option is to use a camera such as a video camera and image analysis software.
  • Image analysis software can detect edges in an image such as an edge caused by the levels 26 or 30.
  • the camera may be be inside the vessel 12 or directed towards a sight tube on the exterior of the vessel, though this complicates design of the vessel 12 and is not preferred.
  • Other embodiments may detect level 26 using refractive index measurements for example with fibre optic cables, or using infra-red detectors.
  • a density meter may be used.
  • one or more sight glass (not shown) is present.
  • the sight glass may be present in the sheath 34, and the liquid level 26 may be measured directly by a human being.
  • a sight glass may also be present in the wall of vessel 12 for allowing the sheath sight glass to be viewed, or for allowing the proppant level 30 to be directly viewed.
  • a further apparatus 10 for supplying proppant comprising a pressure vessel 12 and a level monitor, for example level monitor 14.
  • Pressure vessel 12 may be a positive pressure vessel, which means that the pressure vessel 12 has a higher operating pressure than atmospheric pressure.
  • Pressure vessel 12 has an interior 16 containing proppant and liquid, an inlet 18 for supplying proppant to the interior 16, and an outlet 20 at or near a base of the interior 16 for supplying the proppant and liquid from the interior 16 of the pressure vessel 12.
  • Level monitor 14 is associated with the pressure vessel 12 for monitoring at least a level of liquid 26 of the proppant and liquid. Referring to Fig. 1, this type of apparatus 10 is also illustrated, with level monitor 14 having a discriminator 28. This type of apparatus may be useful when the interior 16 is required to be under pressure, for example when the liquid comprises liquefied petroleum gas, or in some cases when the outlet 20 supplies the proppant and liquid into a highly pressurized stream of fluid 24.
  • the liquid seal acts provides a barrier against which pressure from the interior 16, for example provided through a gas inlet 51, may press to supply the proppant and liquid from interior 16 while preventing gas breakthrough out of outlet 20.
  • FIG. 9 a method of supplying proppant is illustrated.
  • a vessel for example vessel 12 as shown, is provided containing a proppant and liquid and having a proppant level 30.
  • stage 102 at least level of liquid 26 is monitored independently of the proppant level 30.
  • Vessel 12 may be pressurized, for example above atmospheric pressure.
  • the liquid may comprise LPG.
  • Monitoring may further comprise discriminating between level 26 and level 30, for example by monitoring the level of liquid 26 within sheath 34.
  • Monitoring may further comprise monitoring using TDR as described above for example.
  • the liquid may be supplied into the vessel 12 from an inlet 22 in the vessel 12.
  • the method may further comprise supplying liquid into the vessel 12 based on the monitored level of liquid 26 in the vessel 12.
  • the liquid supply may be controlled to ensure a suitable level of liquid 26 within the vessel 12.
  • the proppant and liquid may be supplied from the vessel 12 through an outlet 20 in the vessel 12.
  • the proppant and liquid may be supplied from the vessel 12 into a pressurized stream of fluid, for example stream of fluid 24 illustrated in Fig. 6.
  • the method may further comprise monitoring the level of proppant 30 in the vessel 12.
  • vessel 12 may be mounted on a weight scale 58.
  • Apparatus 10 may be used in combination with weight scale 58 in order to provide level of liquid 26 readings and weight readings of the contents of vessel 12. This way, signals may be sent as output from each respective device to a controller (not shown) that can then estimate the amount of proppant and the amount of liquid contained within vessel 12. This way, the controller will know when it is time to refill vessel 12 with proppant or re-supply liquid to interior 16.
  • the proppant and liquid may be supplied through inlet 18, which may be a hatch as shown.
  • Level of liquid 26 in the sheath 34 may not be the actual height of the liquid in the vessel.
  • level 26 when level 26 is below level 30, some liquid may be absorbed on to the proppant and may migrate by capillary action to a higher level than in sheath 34.
  • level 26 may be the level of liquid as discriminated by the discriminator 28.
  • the actual level of liquid in the vessel 12 may be estimated based on the level 26 in the sheath in such cases. Referring to Fig. 8, an example of this is illustrated as level of liquid 26 is below the actual height of the liquid 32. Variations in the height of the liquid 32 and the level 26 may be the result of varying affinities between proppant and liquid, due to the types of proppant and liquid used.
  • level monitor 14 may be used to directly measure the height of the liquid in the vessel 12, or it may be used to indirectly extrapolate the height of the liquid. This may be used to determine the amount of liquid in the vessel itself.
  • level monitor 14 may send as output signals indicative of either level 26 or the height of the liquid to, for example, a controller (not shown) that is part of the level monitor 14.
  • the controller may control operation of the entire frac system (not shown), and may adjust the parameters of vessel 12 as needed.
  • Liquefied petroleum gas includes a variety of petroleum and natural gases existing in a liquid state at ambient temperatures and moderate pressures.
  • LPG refers to a mixture of such fluids. These mixes are generally more affordable and easier to obtain than any one individual LPG, since they are hard to separate and purify individually.
  • common LPGs are tightly fractionated products resulting in a high degree of purity and very predictable performance.
  • Exemplary LPGs include ethane, propane, butane, and various mixes thereof. Further examples include HD-5 propane, commercial butane, i-butane, i-pentane, and n- butane.
  • LPG mixture may be controlled to gain the desired hydraulic fracturing and clean-up performance.
  • LPG fluids used may also include minor amounts of pentane (such as i-pentane or n-pentane), higher weight hydrocarbons, and lower weight hydrocarbons.
  • pentane such as i-pentane or n-pentane
  • LPGs tend to produce excellent fracturing fluids. LPG is readily available, cost effective and is easily and safely handled on surface as a liquid under moderate pressure. LPG is completely compatible with formations and formation fluids, is highly soluble in formation hydrocarbons and eliminates phase trapping - resulting in increased well production. LPG may be readily and predictably viscosified to generate a fluid capable of efficient fracture creation and excellent proppant transport. After fracturing, LPG may be recovered very rapidly, allowing savings on clean up costs.
  • LPG may be predominantly propane, butane, or a mixture of propane and butane.
  • LPG may comprise more than 80%, 90%, or 95% propane, butane, or a mixture of propane and butane.
  • the frac fluid source comprises LPG.
  • LPG is supplied into suction manifold 60 through connections S 1-S4 to create the stream of frac fluid.
  • Additives for example gelling agents, can be introduced into the stream of frac fluid via connections LA1- LA3.
  • the stream passes through a flow conditioner 62 and a flowmeter 64 before passing a proppant introduction region 66, at which point proppant from vessels 12A and 12B may be introduced into the stream of frac fluid via augers 68A, 68B, respectively.
  • the stream of frac fluid then continues along line 70 to discharge manifold 71, passing flowmeter 72 and nuclear densitometer 74.
  • Densitometer 74 measures the wellhead density of the stream of frac fluid and proppant. Further additives may be added at this point via connections LA4- LA6. The stream of frac fluid can then be sent to a frac pumping system via connections Dl- D4, where it will be pumped into a well to fracture a formation.
  • Nitrogen may be introduced into the system via lines 75, 76 from at least one
  • Nitrogen pass through a surge tank 78, and can be supplied to at least one of the proppant vessels 12A, 12B, the LPG tanks, and all the lines that carry LPG at any point in the process. Nitrogen is supplied through a pressure regulator Rl to proppant vessels 12A and 12B via lines 80, 82, respectively. Nitrogen can then be supplied, via a series of valves to vessels 12A, 12B via connections at the top (84A, 84B) or bottom (86A, 86B) of the vessels. Nitrogen pressure may be controlled to add a suitable amount of pressure on the proppant and liquid in the vessels 12A, 12B. Nitrogen may also be sent to the LPG tanks via pressure regulator R2 to control the balance of pressure in the LPG tanks.
  • Proppant for example sand
  • LPG may be supplied to vessels 12A, 12B from a sand loader through lines 88A, 88B through sand inlets SI1-SI2.
  • LPG can be controllably supplied to vessels 12A, 12B through connections S 1-S4 of the suction manifold 60, and connection 90, which feeds to lines 90A, 90B.
  • LPG can be added to the vessels 12A, 12B through a series of valves and via connections at the top (84A, 84B) or bottom (86A, 86B) of the vessels, similar to nitrogen addition.
  • the pressure may be balanced and equalized between the LPG tanks and vessels 12A, 12B, in order to prevent over or under pressuring vessels 12 A, 12B.
  • valves HV1 and HV2 which may be electro-hydraulic valves, are opened, and augers 68A and 68B supply the proppant and liquid into the stream of frac fluid at region 66.
  • level monitoring devices 14C and 14D monitor the levels of liquid in vessels 12A, 12B, sending feedback to a controller in charge of the entire operation. Based on the levels of liquid in each respective vessel, the controller may decide to add more liquid to each respective tank as required.
  • the system may use relief valves and mechanisms at any point in the system as mandated for safety by law, for example relief valves RV1-RV5.
  • connections D1-D4 may be closed, and all lines bled, for example via bleed valves BV1-BV3, through line 92, hose reel 94, and to the flare stack.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil pour fournir un agent de soutènement, lequel appareil comprend un récipient possédant un intérieur contenant un agent de soutènement et un liquide, une entrée pour envoyer l'agent de soutènement vers l'intérieur, et une sortie pour fournir l'agent de soutènement et le liquide depuis l'intérieur du récipient sous pression, l'agent de soutènement occupant l'intérieur du récipient jusqu'à un niveau d'agent de soutènement, et une jauge de niveau étant associée au récipient afin de contrôler au moins le niveau de liquide dans le récipient indépendamment du niveau d'agent de soutènement. L'invention concerne également un procédé pour fournir un agent de soutènement, lequel consiste à utiliser un récipient contenant un agent de soutènement et un liquide, l'agent de soutènement étant contenu dans le récipient jusqu'à un niveau d'agent de soutènement, et à contrôler au moins un niveau de liquide dans le récipient indépendamment du niveau d'agent de soutènement.
PCT/CA2010/000914 2010-06-21 2010-06-21 Gestion d'agent de soutènement dans un système de fracturation au gpl WO2011160199A1 (fr)

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PCT/CA2010/000914 WO2011160199A1 (fr) 2010-06-21 2010-06-21 Gestion d'agent de soutènement dans un système de fracturation au gpl

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PCT/CA2010/000914 WO2011160199A1 (fr) 2010-06-21 2010-06-21 Gestion d'agent de soutènement dans un système de fracturation au gpl

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4474204A (en) * 1983-07-22 1984-10-02 The Western Company Of North America Delivery and metering device control system
US4490044A (en) * 1982-03-05 1984-12-25 Hitachi, Ltd. Automatic slurry concentration control system
US5012589A (en) * 1989-06-16 1991-05-07 Magnetrol International Displacement servo gauge
US7056008B2 (en) * 2000-11-29 2006-06-06 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Fluid mixing system
WO2008117048A1 (fr) * 2007-03-27 2008-10-02 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Procédé et appareil pour commander la fabrication d'un fluide de traitement de puits
WO2009147394A1 (fr) * 2008-06-06 2009-12-10 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Procédés de traitement de formations souterraines employant des fluides d’entretien comprenant du gaz de pétrole liquéfié et appareil à cet effet
CA2649197A1 (fr) * 2008-12-24 2010-06-24 Gasfrac Energy Services Inc. Controle d'agent de soutenement dans un systeme de fracturation de gaz de petrole liquefies

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4490044A (en) * 1982-03-05 1984-12-25 Hitachi, Ltd. Automatic slurry concentration control system
US4474204A (en) * 1983-07-22 1984-10-02 The Western Company Of North America Delivery and metering device control system
US5012589A (en) * 1989-06-16 1991-05-07 Magnetrol International Displacement servo gauge
US7056008B2 (en) * 2000-11-29 2006-06-06 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Fluid mixing system
WO2008117048A1 (fr) * 2007-03-27 2008-10-02 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Procédé et appareil pour commander la fabrication d'un fluide de traitement de puits
WO2009147394A1 (fr) * 2008-06-06 2009-12-10 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Procédés de traitement de formations souterraines employant des fluides d’entretien comprenant du gaz de pétrole liquéfié et appareil à cet effet
CA2649197A1 (fr) * 2008-12-24 2010-06-24 Gasfrac Energy Services Inc. Controle d'agent de soutenement dans un systeme de fracturation de gaz de petrole liquefies

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