WO2011152016A1 - 微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置及びその方法 - Google Patents
微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置及びその方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011152016A1 WO2011152016A1 PCT/JP2011/002998 JP2011002998W WO2011152016A1 WO 2011152016 A1 WO2011152016 A1 WO 2011152016A1 JP 2011002998 W JP2011002998 W JP 2011002998W WO 2011152016 A1 WO2011152016 A1 WO 2011152016A1
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- virus
- microorganisms
- electrode
- inactivation
- capture
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Classifications
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- A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
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- B03C2201/26—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation for use in medical applications
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a microorganism / virus capturing / inactivating apparatus and method for capturing and inactivating microorganisms and viruses floating in space.
- the pre-filter, charged part, photocatalytic filter, ultraviolet lamp, virus capture filter, electrostatic filter are arranged in this order, and the function of capturing and inactivating pathogenic viruses such as influenza virus can be maintained for a long time.
- An apparatus for removing suspended microorganisms and suspended viruses has been disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 2).
- JP-T 2007-512131 (7th page, 17th line to 10th page, 30th line, FIG. 1 etc.)
- JP-A-11-188214 page 7, line 41 to page 8, line 51, FIG. 1, etc.
- the floating microorganism / floating virus removal apparatus as described in Patent Document 2, a photocatalytic filter, a water dropping filter, an electrostatic filter and three filters are provided to remove floating microorganisms and floating viruses. Yes.
- the floating microorganism / floating virus removal apparatus described in Patent Document 2 has a problem in that pressure loss increases and energy loss, noise, and the like occur.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and enables the removal of microorganisms / viruses to be performed stably and to reduce the pressure loss and to prevent the capture / impact of microorganisms / viruses.
- An object is to provide an activation device and method.
- the microorganism / virus capturing / inactivating apparatus includes an air passage housing, a first high-voltage applying electrode to which a voltage is applied and charges floating microorganisms taken into the air passage housing, and the first A first counter electrode disposed opposite to the high voltage application electrode; a filter that captures suspended microorganisms charged by the first high voltage application electrode; and a voltage that is applied to induct and trap the filter. And a second high-voltage application electrode for inactivating the virus, and a second counter electrode disposed to face the second high-voltage application electrode.
- the method for capturing / inactivating microorganisms / viruses includes a step of taking airborne microorganisms into an air passage housing, a step of charging the airborne microorganisms taken into the airway housing, and the charged airborne microorganisms.
- the method includes a step of capturing with a dielectric hydrophilic filter and a step of inactivating the suspended microorganisms captured by the hydrophilic filter with plasma, and the steps are repeatedly performed.
- microorganisms and viruses floating in the air can be captured at low pressure loss, and microorganisms and viruses floating in the air can be captured.
- the captured virus can be captured after being charged, and the captured virus can be inactivated by discharge, so that the portion where the microorganism or virus is captured can be kept hygienic at all times.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a microorganism / virus capturing / inactivating apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the microbe / virus capture / inactivation method which the microbe / virus capture / inactivation apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention performs. This is a graph showing the relationship between the electric field strength (kV / cm) and the transient virus capture rate (%).
- the graph shows the results of examining the influence of the voltage polarity applied to the charged part high-voltage electrode on the transient virus capture rate (%) and the ozone generation concentration (ppm).
- the graph shows the results of examining the influence of the polarity of the voltage applied to the charged part high voltage electrode and the capture / inactivation part high voltage electrode on the transient virus capture rate (%).
- This is a graph showing the effects of the charged part high voltage electrode and wind speed on the transient virus capture rate.
- the graph shows a comparison of the survival rate of the trapped virus between ozone treatment and plasma treatment. It is sectional drawing which shows the schematic longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the microorganisms / virus capture
- FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the schematic longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the microorganisms / virus capture
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capturing / inactivating apparatus (hereinafter referred to as apparatus 100) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the apparatus 100. Based on FIG.1 and FIG.2, the structure and operation
- the apparatus 100 captures microorganisms and viruses floating in the space (hereinafter referred to as suspended microorganisms) and inactivates the captured suspended microorganisms.
- the apparatus 100 includes an air blower 1, a charging unit high-voltage electrode (first high voltage application electrode) 2, a charging unit ground electrode (first counter electrode) 3, from the windward (upstream) side, inside the air passage housing 10.
- the trapping / inactivating part high-voltage electrode (second high voltage application electrode) 5, the hydrophilic filter 6, and the trapping / inactivating part ground electrode (second counter electrode) 7 are arranged in this order.
- the blower 1 takes air into the air passage housing 10.
- the charging unit high-voltage electrode 2 is composed of, for example, an electrode in which a large number of thin wires having a wire diameter of about 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm are stretched, and a high voltage is applied from a connected high-voltage power supply 8. .
- the charged portion ground electrode 3 is composed of an electrode made of, for example, a metal mesh, and is connected to the ground.
- the charging unit high-voltage electrode 2 and the charging unit ground electrode 3 constitute a charging unit.
- the first counter electrode is described as the charged portion ground electrode 3 in the embodiment, it is sufficient that a voltage is applied between the charged portion high-voltage electrode 2 and the charged portion ground electrode 3.
- the electrode 3 is not necessarily used while being grounded.
- the charged portion high-voltage electrode 2 is formed of a ribbon having a cross-sectional area of 0.1 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm or a ribbon having a similar shape (thickness 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm).
- the surface on the short side (0.1 mm) side of the cross-sectional area is directed to the charged portion ground electrode 3, and the influence of disconnection due to electrode wear due to sputtering during discharge is affected. There is an effect that can be reduced.
- the trapping / inactivating portion high-voltage electrode 5 is composed of, for example, an electrode in which many thin wires having a wire diameter of about 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm are stretched, and a high voltage is applied from the connected variable high-voltage power supply 4. It is like that.
- the capture / inactivation portion ground electrode 7 is composed of an electrode made of, for example, a metal mesh, and is connected to the ground. In the embodiment, the second counter electrode is described as the capture / inactivation part ground electrode 7. However, a voltage is generated between the capture / inactivation part high-voltage electrode 5 and the capture / inactivation part ground electrode 7.
- the trapping / inactivating portion ground electrode 7 is not necessarily used while being grounded.
- the high-voltage electrode 5 of the trapping / inactivating portion is constituted by a ribbon having a cross-sectional area of 0.1 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm or a similar ribbon (thickness 0.1 mm).
- the surface on the short side (0.1 mm) side of the cross-sectional area may be directed toward the charged portion ground electrode 3.
- the hydrophilic filter 6 is insulated and installed by a bushing 9 so as to be sandwiched between a pair of the capture / inactivation part high-voltage electrode 5 and the capture / inactivation part ground electrode 7.
- the capturing / inactivating part high voltage electrode 5, the hydrophilic filter 6, and the capturing / inactivating part ground electrode 7 constitute a capturing / inactivating part.
- the variable high-voltage power supply 4 can supply at least two levels of voltage to the high-voltage electrode 5 for capturing and deactivating the voltage.
- the hydrophilic filter 6 may be housed and installed in an insulating frame (frame 15) as shown in FIG.
- the hydrophilic filter 6 sandwiched between the high voltage electrode 5 of the capturing / inactivating part and the grounding electrode 7 of the capturing / inactivating part and insulated and grounded has a dielectric effect, that is, polarization.
- An electrostatic field is formed on the surface of the hydrophilic filter 6. Therefore, the floating microorganisms charged by the charging unit composed of the charging unit high-voltage electrode 2 and the charging unit ground electrode 3, that is, to which the charge is added, are attracted to the electric field formed on the surface of the hydrophilic filter 6. Will collide with.
- the microorganisms and viruses cannot be scattered again. Moreover, the microorganisms and viruses captured by the hydrophilic filter 6 are inactivated by the discharge product discharged and formed by the high-voltage electrode 5 of the capture / inactivation part.
- a part of the trapping part is constituted by the hydrophilic filter 6 and the hydrophilic filter 6 is dielectrically induced to efficiently induce charged floating microorganisms, and is applied to the surface of the hydrophilic filter 6. It is possible to collide and keep the collided airborne microorganisms together with water. Therefore, the apparatus 100 can capture floating microorganisms with a low-pressure loss, and can prevent the captured microorganisms and viruses from re-scattering.
- the type of hydrophilic filter 6 is not particularly limited as long as it can absorb the collided water (mist-like water). In addition, if the hydrophilic filter 6 does not form water droplets on the surface of the filter when it collides with water, it is possible to suppress the re-scattering of the retained water and maintain high capture performance. Become.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of a microorganism / virus capturing / inactivating method executed by the apparatus 100.
- the feature of the apparatus 100 is that a part for trapping suspended microorganisms and a part for inactivating the captured suspended microorganisms are shared. That is, the apparatus 100 can efficiently remove microorganisms and viruses by sequentially executing the capture process of microorganisms and viruses and the inactivation process of captured microorganisms and viruses.
- step S101 When the apparatus 100 starts operation, first, the blower 1 is activated. Then, a high voltage is applied from the high voltage power supply 8 to the charging unit high voltage electrode 2, and a high voltage is applied from the variable high voltage power supply 4 to the capture / inactivation unit high voltage electrode 5 (step S101). As a result, a discharge occurs between the charged portion high-voltage electrode 2 and the charged portion ground electrode 3, and a discharge current flows to the charged portion ground electrode 3.
- the current flowing through the charging unit ground electrode 3 is measured by a current determination unit provided on a control board (not shown). The measured current value is compared with a preset current value set in advance by the current determination unit (step S102). If there is no problem, the process proceeds to the next step (step S102; YES).
- step S103 If the measured current value is lower than the set current value, the voltage applied to the charged part high voltage electrode 2 is increased, and if the measured current value is higher than the set current value, it is applied to the charged part high voltage electrode 2. Voltage is lowered (step S103). In this way, it is confirmed that the floating microorganisms and viruses are always charged efficiently (step S104).
- step S103 When the microorganism / virus charging process by discharge (step S103) and the charged microorganism / virus dielectric capture process (step S104) are started, a timer is activated and the operation time of these processes is measured (step S105).
- step S105 When the operation time of these steps reaches the set time (step S105; YES), high voltage application to the charging unit high voltage electrode 2 is stopped and high voltage application to the capture / inactivation unit high voltage electrode 5 is stopped. Is done. Then, the air blower 1 stops and these series of processes (microorganism and virus capture process) are complete
- the microorganism / virus inactivation process is started.
- a high voltage is applied from the variable high-voltage power supply 4 to the high-voltage electrode 5 of the trapping / inactivating part.
- a discharge occurs between the high voltage electrode 5 of the capture / inactivation part and the ground electrode 7 of the capture / inactivation part, and a discharge current flows to the ground electrode 7 of the capture / inactivation part.
- the current flowing through the capture / inactivation part ground electrode 7 is measured by the current determination part.
- the measured current value is compared with a set current value set in advance by the current determination unit. If there is no problem, the inactivation process is started as it is (step S107).
- step S108 the voltage applied to the capture / inactivation part high voltage electrode 5 is increased. If the measured current value is higher than the set current value, the capture / inactivation part The voltage applied to the high voltage electrode 5 is lowered (step S108). In this way, it is confirmed that the captured microorganisms and viruses are always inactivated efficiently.
- the timer is activated and the operation time of these processes is measured (step S109).
- step S109 When the operation time of these steps reaches the set time (step S109; YES), the application of the high voltage to the trapping / inactivation portion high-voltage electrode 5 is stopped, and the inactivation step ends (step S110). Thereafter, the microorganism / virus charge / capture process is started again (step S111), and these operations are repeated.
- the step of charging the floating microorganisms (step of charging the floating microorganisms), the step of capturing the charged floating microorganisms with the dielectric hydrophilic filter 6, and the trapping with the hydrophilic filter 6 are performed.
- the portion (hydrophilic filter 6) that has captured the floating microorganisms can be always kept hygienic. Therefore, the air in the space where the apparatus 100 is installed (for example, a living space) can be always sanitary.
- Table 1 compares the pressure loss (Pa) and the transient virus capture rate (%) between the method of the apparatus 100 and the conventional filter method.
- the dielectric method of the hydrophilic filter 6 that is a method of the device 100 has a pressure loss of about 10 Pa, which is equivalent to that of a normal filter, when the wind flows at a linear velocity of 1 m / s. .
- the transient virus capture rate at that time was about 95%, which was much higher than the transient virus capture rate of 5% in the normal filter. This is considered to be because the virus can efficiently collide with the filter by the electrostatic force, and the collided virus is not re-scattered by the water adsorption force.
- the HEPA filter High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter
- the pressure loss is greatly increased.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the electric field strength (kV / cm) between the capture / inactivation part high voltage electrode 5 and the hydrophilic filter 6 and the transient virus capture rate (%).
- the horizontal axis represents the electric field intensity
- the vertical axis represents the transient virus capture rate.
- the transient virus capture rate was about 30% (black square shown in FIG. 4).
- the transient virus capture rate was improved to 70% (open squares shown in FIG. 4).
- the hydrophilic filter 6 was dielectricized, the transient virus capture rate increased to 95% (black triangles shown in FIG. 4).
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the investigation of the influence of the voltage polarity applied to the high voltage electrode 2 on the charged part on the transient virus capture rate (%) and the ozone generation concentration (ppm).
- the horizontal axis represents the electric field strength (kV / cm) between the charged portion high-voltage electrode 2 and the charged portion ground electrode 3
- the left vertical axis represents the transient virus capture rate
- the right vertical axis represents the ozone generation concentration. Respectively.
- the voltage applied by applying a negative voltage to the charged portion high-voltage electrode 2 could be reduced (black square shown in FIG. 5).
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of the polarity of the voltage applied to the charged part high voltage electrode 2 and the capture / inactivation part high voltage electrode 5 on the transient virus capture rate (%).
- the transient virus capture rate was increased by making the voltage applied to the capture / inactivation part high voltage electrode 5 negative.
- the transient virus capture rate was increased by making the voltage applied to the capture / inactivation part high voltage electrode 5 positive.
- the transient virus capture rate is improved by setting the polarity of the voltage applied to the charged part high voltage electrode 2 and the capture / inactivation part high voltage electrode 5 to the opposite polarity.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the investigation of the influence of the voltage polarity and wind speed applied to the high voltage electrode 2 on the transient part on the transient virus capture rate.
- the horizontal axis represents the electric field strength (kV / cm) between the charged portion high-voltage electrode 2 and the charged portion ground electrode 3, and the vertical axis represents the transient virus capture rate (%).
- the various black points are values when a negative voltage is applied to the charged portion high-voltage electrode 2
- the various white points are values when a positive voltage is applied to the charged portion high-voltage electrode 2.
- the absolute value of the applied voltage is 6 kV or 6.3 kV
- the degree of change in the transient virus capture rate when the wind speed is changed depends on the negative voltage of the charged portion high-voltage electrode 2. The direction to apply became larger.
- the device 100 has a structure that inactivates the virus by the discharge product derived from the discharge generated by the voltage application.
- FIG. 8 is a graph comparing the virus survival rate when the captured virus is treated only with ozone gas and when not only ozone gas but also other discharge products are used (plasma treatment). Is.
- the horizontal axis represents ozone concentration ⁇ time product (ppm ⁇ min), and the vertical axis represents survival rate ( ⁇ ).
- ppm ⁇ min time product
- ⁇ survival rate
- FIG. 30 shows the distance between the trapping / inactivating portion high-voltage electrode 5 and the hydrophilic filter 6 with respect to the concentration of ozone gas generated when processing with plasma and the processing time required to make the virus inactivation rate 99%.
- the horizontal axis represents the ozone gas concentration (plasma treatment), and the vertical axis represents the treatment time required to achieve a virus inactivation rate of 99%.
- the treatment time was dramatically shortened when the distance between the high-voltage electrode 5 of the trapping / inactivating part and the hydrophilic filter 6 was 20 mm or less. This is because when the distance between the capture / inactivation high-voltage electrode 5 and the hydrophilic filter 6 is shorter, virus inactivation is caused by discharge products having a short life such as radicals other than ozone gas generated at the capture / inactivation part high-pressure electrode 5. This is thought to be due to improved efficiency.
- the apparatus 100 is required for virus inactivation by setting the distance between the hydrophilic filter 6 that has captured the virus and the high voltage electrode 5 for the capture / inactivation part that forms the plasma field to 20 mm or less. Time can be shortened, and more efficient removal of airborne microorganisms becomes possible.
- a filter that removes coarse dust in the air before charging floating microorganisms is not described.
- a filter that removes coarse dust before air flows into a charged portion that charges floating microorganisms.
- the case where the blower 1 is installed on the windward side and the air is pushed into the virus capturing unit has been described.
- the blower 1 is installed on the leeward side and air is sucked from the virus capturing unit. Needless to say, the same bactericidal effect can be obtained.
- FIG. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capturing / inactivating apparatus (hereinafter referred to as apparatus 100a) according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Based on FIG. 9, the configuration and operation of the apparatus 100a will be described. In the second embodiment, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described, and the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 9, the air flow is indicated by arrows.
- a charging unit including a charging unit high-voltage electrode 2 and a charging unit ground electrode 11 is provided on the leeward side of the blower 1. That is, apparatus 100a is different from apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 in the configuration of the charging unit.
- the charging unit high-voltage electrode 2 is composed of, for example, an electrode in which a large number of thin wires having a wire diameter of about 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm are stretched, and a high voltage is applied from a connected high-voltage power supply 8.
- the charged portion ground electrode 11 is formed of an electrode made of a metal plate, for example, and is connected to the ground.
- the entire amount of air taken into the discharge space (space a shown in FIG. 9) formed by the charged portion high-voltage electrode 2 and the charged portion ground electrode 11 The airborne microorganisms in the air can be efficiently charged. Therefore, according to the apparatus 100a, it is possible to maximize the capture rate of microorganisms / viruses in the trapping part including the trapping / inactivating part high-voltage electrode 5, the hydrophilic filter 6, and the trapping / inactivating part ground electrode 7. it can.
- the charged portion high-voltage electrode 2 is constituted by a ribbon having a cross-sectional area of 0.1 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm or a ribbon having a similar shape (thickness 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm).
- the surface on the short side (0.1 mm) side of the cross-sectional area can be more efficiently charged if the surface is directed to the charged portion ground electrode 11, and the influence of disconnection due to electrode wear due to sputtering during discharge is affected. There is an effect that can be reduced.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus (hereinafter referred to as apparatus 100b) according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Based on FIG. 10, the configuration and operation of the apparatus 100b will be described. In the third embodiment, differences from the first and second embodiments will be mainly described, and the same parts as those in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 10, the air flow is indicated by arrows.
- the charging unit high-voltage electrode 2 made of a thin wire is installed on the leeward side, and the charging unit ground electrode 3 made of a wire mesh is installed on the leeward side, so that floating microorganisms in the air are charged.
- the charged portion high-voltage electrode 12 is configured by an electrode having a plurality of protrusions.
- the charged portion high-voltage electrode 12 may be configured by attaching protrusions to a wire mesh or plate through which air can pass without pressure loss by welding or the like.
- the charged portion high-voltage electrode 12 may be configured so that a metal plate is cut with a wire cutter or the like to form a protruding portion.
- the charging unit high-voltage electrode 12 can be prevented from being damaged by abnormal discharge due to dust flowing in from the outside, and stable discharge can be maintained. It becomes easy.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus (hereinafter referred to as apparatus 100c) according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Based on FIG. 11, the configuration and operation of the apparatus 100c will be described. In the fourth embodiment, differences from the first to third embodiments will be mainly described, and the same parts as those in the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 11, the air flow is indicated by arrows.
- the charged portion high-voltage electrode 12 is configured by an electrode having a plurality of protrusions.
- the charged portion high-voltage electrode 13 is provided with a plurality of protrusions.
- a catalyst is attached to the surface of the discharge electrode constituting the protrusion.
- a metal catalyst such as silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) is attached to the surface of the discharge electrode.
- the amount of ozone generated can be reduced while maintaining the charging efficiency of the floating microorganisms without reducing the applied voltage.
- the fourth embodiment the case where the catalyst is attached to the protrusion is shown. However, the same effect can be obtained even if the catalyst is attached to the thin line exemplified in the first or second embodiment. Needless to say.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus (hereinafter referred to as apparatus 100d) according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. Based on FIG. 12, the configuration and operation of the device 100d will be described. In the fifth embodiment, differences from the first to fourth embodiments will be mainly described, and the same parts as those in the first to fourth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 12, the air flow is indicated by arrows.
- the modification of the charging unit is shown based on the configuration of the first embodiment.
- the capturing unit is configured based on the configuration of the first embodiment.
- a modification is shown. That is, in the first to fourth embodiments, the capture unit is configured by the capture / inactivation unit high-voltage electrode 5, the hydrophilic filter 6, and the capture / inactivation unit ground electrode 7, and the capture / inactivation unit
- the high-voltage electrode 5 is connected to the variable high-voltage power source 4, the capture / inactivation part ground electrode 7 is grounded, and the hydrophilic filter 6 is sandwiched between the pair of electrodes, thereby trapping airborne microorganisms in the air.
- the hydrophilic filter is composed of a honeycomb structure (hereinafter referred to as a honeycomb 14) carrying a hydrophilic adsorbent on the surface.
- the honeycomb 14 is formed by supporting a hydrophilic adsorbent on a honeycomb surface made of metal (stainless steel, aluminum, etc.), ceramic, paper, or the like.
- a hydrophilic adsorbent for example, hydrophilic zeolite or the like is effective, but the type is not particularly limited as long as the adsorbent has a high water hygroscopicity.
- the honeycomb 14 can be obtained, for example, by immersing a metal honeycomb in a slurry-like solution in which activated carbon is dissolved and firing it at an appropriate temperature after drying.
- the trapping part is composed of the trapping / inactivation part high-voltage electrode 5, the honeycomb 14, and the trapping / inactivation part ground electrode 7, so that not only floating microorganisms but also chemical substances such as odor components are increased. The effect that it can capture efficiently is acquired.
- a hydrophilic adsorbent is attached to a honeycomb member made of metal or the like.
- manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ), titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) You may make it carry
- the catalyst itself can be activated during the plasma treatment, or the catalyst can convert the discharge product into a more active substance.
- Viruses and microorganisms can be inactivated in a short time. Further, the chemical substance attached to the honeycomb 14 can be decomposed and removed.
- the honeycomb 14 may be composed of two or more types of honeycombs (for example, a hydrophilic honeycomb 14a and a catalyst-loaded honeycomb 14b).
- the hydrophilic honeycomb 14a may be provided on the side close to the charging part (upstream side)
- the catalyst-added honeycomb 14b may be provided on the side remote from the charging part (downstream side). That is, the honeycomb installed closest to the charged portion may be made hydrophilic, and the other honeycombs are not particularly limited.
- the catalyst-impregnated honeycomb 14b is adsorbed with an adsorbent for adsorbing odor gas, a catalyst for decomposing and reducing the odor components described above, and the like.
- the catalyst-impregnated honeycomb 14b may be either hydrophilic or hydrophobic, but a combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic adsorbents is added because the number of gases that can be adsorbed or decomposed increases. It is preferable to constitute by this.
- the discharge product for example, ozone
- the discharge product for example, ozone
- the trapping efficiency of floating microorganisms in the trapping part can be increased to the limit, and the removal efficiency of viruses and microorganisms is further improved.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capturing / inactivating apparatus (hereinafter referred to as apparatus 100e) according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. Based on FIG. 13, the configuration and operation of the apparatus 100e will be described. In the sixth embodiment, differences from the first to fifth embodiments will be mainly described, and the same parts as those in the first to fifth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 13, the air flow is indicated by arrows.
- the honeycomb 14 is arranged so as not to contact between the capturing / inactivating portion high-voltage electrode 5 and the capturing / inactivating portion ground electrode 7 is shown as an example, but in the sixth embodiment, The honeycomb 14 is arranged so as to be in contact with the capture / inactivation portion ground electrode 7. That is, the sixth embodiment is basically the same as the configuration of the fifth embodiment, except that the honeycomb 14 constituting the trapping portion is in contact with the trapping / inactivating portion ground electrode 7. This is different from Form 5. In this configuration, since the honeycomb 14 normally adsorbs water, the surface resistance is reduced and the conductor is a conductor, so the honeycomb 14 is also grounded. Accordingly, an electric field is formed between the high voltage electrode 5 and the honeycomb 14 in the capturing / inactivating portion in the capturing portion.
- the honeycomb 14 is not dielectrically formed, an electric field is formed around the honeycomb 14, so that floating microorganisms charged in the charged portion can be attracted by the force of the electric field. Therefore, in the device 100e, as in the device 100d according to the fifth embodiment, the effect of capturing / inactivating viruses / microorganisms can be obtained.
- the polarity of the voltage applied to the capture high-voltage electrode is negative, and when the virus / microorganism is positively charged in the charging part, it is captured.
- the polarity of the voltage applied to the high-voltage electrode is positive polarity, it becomes easier to induce viruses / microorganisms in the honeycomb 14, and the viruses / microorganisms can be captured more efficiently.
- the hydrophilic filter 6 as well as the honeycomb 14.
- the voltage supplied from the variable high voltage power source 4 to the high voltage electrode 5 for the capture / inactivation part is made higher than that for capturing the virus / microorganism.
- Inactivating part It is possible to generate plasma between the high voltage electrode 5 and the honeycomb 14 relatively easily. This is because the discharge distance can be shortened by the thickness of the honeycomb 14. Therefore, in the virus / microbe inactivation step by plasma, the virus / microorganism captured in the honeycomb 14 can be inactivated with high efficiency by the plasma between the high-voltage electrode 5 and the honeycomb 14 in the capture / inactivation part.
- FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus (hereinafter, referred to as apparatus 100e1) according to Embodiment 6A of the present invention.
- apparatus 100e1 The configuration and operation of the device 100e1 will be described based on FIG.
- differences from Embodiments 1 to 6 will be mainly described, and the same parts as those in Embodiments 1 to 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the air flow is indicated by arrows.
- a modification of the charging unit is shown based on the configuration of the first embodiment.
- the modification specializing in the hydrophilic filter among the capturing units. showed that.
- the modification of a virus inactivation part is shown based on the structure of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. The capture / inactivation part high voltage electrode 5, the hydrophilic filter 6 (or honeycomb 14), and the capture / inactivation part ground electrode 7 constitute a virus inactivation part.
- the capture / inactivation part high-voltage electrode 5 is provided with a plurality of protrusions (hereinafter referred to as capture).
- the capture / inactivation portion high-voltage electrode 5A may be configured by attaching protrusions to a wire mesh or plate through which air can pass without pressure loss by welding or the like.
- the capture / inactivation portion high-voltage electrode 5A may be configured by cutting a metal plate with a wire cutter or the like to form a protruding portion.
- the trapping / inactivating portion high-voltage electrode 5A can be prevented from being damaged by abnormal discharge due to dust flowing in from the outside, and stable discharge It becomes easy to maintain. Also, plasma discharge is likely to occur.
- FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus (hereinafter referred to as apparatus 100e2) according to Embodiment 6B of the present invention. Based on FIG. 32, a structure and operation
- apparatus 100e2 a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus
- FIG. 32 the description will focus on the differences from Embodiments 1 to 6 and Embodiment 6A, and the same parts as Embodiments 1 to 6 and Embodiment 6A are not included. , Are given the same reference numerals.
- the air flow is indicated by arrows.
- the device 100e2 has a structure in which an ozone decomposition catalyst filter 41 and an airway opening / closing device (an inlet-side opening / closing device 42, an outlet-side opening / closing device 43) are added to the structure of the device 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the ozone decomposition catalyst filter 41 is installed on the downstream side of the hydrophilic filter 6 (the honeycomb 14 as it is).
- the switchgear is installed at the virus intake / outlet (air outflow / inlet) of the device 100e2. That is, the inlet side opening / closing device 42 is installed at the air inflow port, and the outlet side opening / closing device 43 is installed at the air outflow port.
- the type of the ozone decomposition catalyst filter 41 is not particularly limited as long as it has a function of decomposing ozone.
- an ozonolysis catalyst such as activated carbon
- the catalyst is obtained by immersing in a solution on a slurry in which the catalyst used is dissolved and firing at an appropriate temperature after drying.
- the switchgear is not particularly limited as long as the ozone gas generated can be prevented from leaking outside when the air passage is closed.
- the effect of the opening / closing device can be obtained by mounting a plastic plate that can be opened / closed remotely or automatically at the air outflow inlet. If an ozone decomposition catalyst is attached to the mounting plate, the risk of ozone gas generated in the air passage leaking out of the apparatus is further reduced, which is still effective.
- FIG. 33 is a flowchart showing a flow of a microorganism / virus capturing / inactivating method executed by the apparatus 100e2.
- the basic operation is as described with reference to FIG. 3 in the first embodiment.
- the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the feature of Embodiment 6B is that in the process of capturing microorganisms and viruses, a positive voltage is applied with the switchgear open, and the captured microorganisms and In the virus inactivation process, a negative voltage is applied with the switchgear closed. By doing so, microorganisms and viruses can be removed efficiently.
- ozone gas can be generated efficiently, and the ozone gas can be increased in concentration without leaking out of the device, and trapped efficiently in a short time. Can be inactivated.
- the ozonolysis catalyst can capture and decompose odor components, the odor components can also be captured.
- the ozone decomposition catalyst filter 41 may have a honeycomb structure. Moreover, the same effect is acquired by attaching a decomposition catalyst to a hydrophilic filter, without installing a filter. In the switchgear, the same effect can be obtained by providing a long air passage outside the electrode. *
- the ozone gas concentration spreads by diffusion. Therefore, when the ozone gas concentration is low, or when the processing time is short, the same effect can be obtained by setting the switchgear only at the outlet of the air passage.
- the following opening / closing device may be provided as an airway opening / closing device at that time.
- the wind has power.
- Air is composed of 1 atmosphere of nitrogen and oxygen, and its mass is about 1.3 kg / m 3 .
- the amount of air blown in the virus trapping process is 1.0 m / s and the air path diameter is ⁇ 10 cm
- one momentum applied to the switchgear is estimated to be about 1 g / switchgear from the following equation 1. Therefore, by setting the mass of the switchgear to about 1 g, it is possible to make a structure in which the air path is opened by the influence of air blow and closed when the virus is inactivated in the virus capturing step.
- FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus (hereinafter referred to as apparatus 100e3) according to Embodiment 6C of the present invention.
- apparatus 100e3 The configuration and operation of the device 100e3 will be described with reference to FIG.
- Embodiment 6C differences from Embodiments 1 to 6, Embodiment 6A, and Embodiment 6B will be mainly described, and Embodiments 1 to 6 and Embodiment 6A will be described.
- the same parts as those in Embodiment 6B are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the air flow is indicated by arrows.
- the apparatus 100e3 has a structure in which a bypass 44 is added to the structure of the apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment.
- One side of the bypass 44 is connected to the downstream side of the blower 1 of the air passage housing 10 (upstream side of the charging unit high-voltage electrode 2), and the other is connected to the upstream side of the ozone decomposition catalyst filter 41 of the air passage housing 10. ing.
- the bypass 44 circulates the air in the air passage housing 10.
- the material of the bypass 44 is not particularly limited as long as it is an insulator.
- FIG. 35 is a graph showing the influence of wind on virus inactivation by plasma.
- the horizontal axis indicates the presence or absence of wind
- the vertical axis indicates the virus survival rate.
- the inactivation efficiency was improved by 98% due to the presence of wind when the virus was inactivated. From the above, it was revealed that the virus inactivation efficiency is improved by the presence of wind during the virus inactivation step. Therefore, in the apparatus 100e3, in addition to the effects described in the first to sixth embodiments and the sixth embodiment, in the microorganism and virus capturing process, only microorganisms and viruses are efficiently generated without generating ozone gas. Can be captured. On the other hand, in the inactivation treatment process of the trapped microorganisms and viruses, ozone gas is efficiently generated, and circulation with wind is performed while increasing the concentration without causing the ozone gas to leak out of the air passage housing 10. Thus, the virus trapped on the filter can be inactivated efficiently in a shorter time.
- FIG. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capturing / inactivating apparatus (hereinafter, referred to as apparatus 100f1) according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus (hereinafter, referred to as apparatus 100f2) according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. Based on FIG.14 and FIG.15, the structure and operation
- first to sixth embodiments differences from the first to sixth embodiments are mainly described, and the first to sixth embodiments (including the sixth to sixth embodiments, including the sixth to sixth embodiments) are the same.
- the same parts as those in FIG. Moreover, in FIG.14 and FIG.15, the flow of air is shown by the arrow.
- the charging unit high-voltage electrode (charging unit high-voltage electrode 2, charging unit high-voltage electrode 12, charging unit high-voltage electrode 13) is installed on the windward side, and the charging unit ground electrode (charging unit ground electrode) 3.
- the charging unit ground electrode 11) is installed on the leeward side to charge the floating microorganisms in the air.
- a voltage generating electrode 15, a ground electrode (first ground electrode) 16, a fan 17, and an ion generating part (corresponding to a charging part) composed of a high voltage power supply 8 are provided on, for example, a wall surface of the air passage housing 10.
- the floating microorganisms are charged by the generated ions.
- a charging mist generating unit (corresponding to a charging unit) including a charging mist spray electrode (first high voltage application electrode) 18, a ground electrode 16, a fan 17, and a high voltage power source 8 is used. May be provided, for example, on the wall surface of the air passage housing 10 to charge the floating microorganisms by the charging mist.
- the number of parts increases, but there is an effect that the structure of the charging unit can be made compact.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capturing / inactivating apparatus (hereinafter referred to as apparatus 100g) according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention. Based on FIG. 16, the configuration and operation of the device 100g will be described. In the eighth embodiment, differences from the first to seventh embodiments will be mainly described, and the same parts as those in the first to seventh embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 16, the air flow is indicated by arrows.
- the charging unit high-voltage electrode (charging unit high-voltage electrode 2, charging unit high-voltage electrode 12, charging unit high-voltage electrode 13) is installed on the windward side, and the charging unit ground electrode (charging unit ground electrode) 3.
- the charging unit ground electrode 11) is installed on the leeward side to charge the floating microorganisms in the air.
- a humidifying device 19 is provided on the leeward side of the charging unit composed of the charging unit ground electrode 3 so that the floating microorganisms charged in the charging unit and the water supplied from the humidifying device 19 are mixed.
- moisture can be supplied to the charged floating microorganisms. It becomes possible to increase more.
- the humidifying device 19 is provided on the lee side of the charging unit composed of the charging unit high-voltage electrode 2 and the charging unit ground electrode 3 is shown as an example.
- a humidifier 19 may be provided on the windward side of the charging unit constituted by the charging unit ground electrode 3. In this way, water containing floating microorganisms can be charged efficiently, but since the humidified air is supplied to the charged part high voltage electrode 2, the charged part high voltage electrode 2 must be sufficiently insulated. .
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus (hereinafter, referred to as apparatus 100h) according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
- apparatus 100h a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus
- the configuration and operation of the device 100h will be described based on FIG.
- differences from the first to eighth embodiments will be mainly described, and the same parts as those in the first to eighth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the air flow is indicated by arrows.
- the charging unit high-voltage electrode (charging unit high-voltage electrode 2, charging unit high-voltage electrode 12, charging unit high-voltage electrode 13) is installed on the windward side, and the charging unit ground electrode (charging unit ground electrode) 3.
- the charging unit ground electrode 11) is installed on the leeward side to charge the floating microorganisms in the air.
- the charging portion ground electrode 3 is installed on the leeward side, so that the floating microorganisms in the air are charged.
- the electric field strength formed by the charged portion high-voltage electrode 2 and the capture / inactivation portion high-voltage electrode 5 is the same as the electric field strength formed by the charged portion ground electrode 3 and the capture / inactivation portion high-voltage electrode 5.
- FIG. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus (hereinafter referred to as apparatus 100i) according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention. Based on FIG. 18, the configuration and operation of the apparatus 100i will be described. In the tenth embodiment, differences from the first to ninth embodiments will be mainly described, and the same parts as those in the first to ninth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 18, the air flow is indicated by arrows.
- the charging unit high-voltage electrode 2 is installed on the leeward side, and the charging unit ground electrode 3 is installed on the leeward side, so that floating microorganisms in the air are charged. Then, as shown in FIG. 18, the trapping / inactivating part high-voltage electrode 5 and the variable high-voltage power supply 4 are removed, and the charging / high-voltage electrode 2 installed on the leeward side is also used as the trapping / inactivating part high-voltage electrode 5. I have to.
- a current-carrying switch 20 is provided in the charged portion ground electrode 3 and the capture / inactivation portion ground electrode 7 to charge / capture floating viruses / floating microorganisms.
- the energizing switch 20 connected to the charged portion ground electrode 3 is It can be operated and connected to ground.
- the number of parts constituting the device 100i can be reduced, and the device 100i can be provided at low cost. That is, the apparatus 100 i is configured by the charged part ground electrode 3, the charged part high voltage electrode 2, the high voltage power supply 8, the hydrophilic filter 6, the capturing / inactivating part ground electrode 7, the bushing 9, and the energizing switch 20. Can be configured at a lower cost.
- the discharge conditions for charging the floating microorganisms and the discharge conditions for inactivating the trapped viruses / microorganisms hardly match, compared with the effects described in the first to ninth embodiments, The removal effect of airborne microorganisms is reduced.
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus (hereinafter, referred to as apparatus 100j) according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention.
- apparatus 100j a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus
- the configuration and operation of the device 100j will be described based on FIG.
- FIG. 19 differences from the first to tenth embodiments will be mainly described, and the same parts as those in the first to tenth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the air flow is indicated by arrows.
- the apparatus 100i is composed of the charged portion ground electrode 3, the charged portion high voltage electrode 2, the high voltage power supply 8, the hydrophilic filter 6, the capture / inactivated portion ground electrode 7, the bushing 9, and the energizing switch 20.
- the apparatus 100 j is configured by a charging unit high-voltage electrode 2, a high-voltage power supply 8, a hydrophilic filter 6, a capture / inactivation unit ground electrode 7, and a bushing 9. Yes.
- the virus / microbe capture step and the virus / microbe inactivation step are performed simultaneously. That is, suspended microorganisms ionized by electrons or ions are captured by the hydrophilic filter 6, and discharge products (for example, ozone and radicals) generated by the discharge are supplied to the trapped viruses. Microorganisms will be inactivated.
- the number of parts constituting the device 100j can be reduced, and the device 100j can be provided at low cost. That is, by configuring the device 100j with the charging unit high-voltage electrode 2, the high-voltage power supply 8, the hydrophilic filter 6, the capture / inactivation unit ground electrode 7, and the bushing 9, the device 100j can be configured at a lower cost. Become. However, since the discharge conditions for charging the suspended virus / microorganism and the discharge conditions for inactivating the trapped virus / microorganism rarely match, the effects described in the first to ninth embodiments In comparison, the removal effect of airborne microorganisms and airborne viruses is reduced.
- FIG. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus (hereinafter referred to as apparatus 100k) according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention. Based on FIG. 22, the configuration and operation of the device 100k will be described. In the twelfth embodiment, differences from the first to eleventh embodiments will be mainly described, and the same reference numerals are given to the same portions as those in the first to eleventh embodiments. Further, in FIG. 22, the air flow is indicated by arrows. Further, in the twelfth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 21 of the fifth embodiment, the honeycomb 14 is composed of two or more types of honeycombs.
- Embodiment 12 shows an example in which the front and rear of the honeycomb 14 are sandwiched between the bushings 9 so that the honeycomb 14 and the electrodes are not brought into contact with each other.
- a similar structure can be obtained by forming the bushing 9 with an insulating honeycomb structure (honeycomb 14A shown in FIG. 22).
- FIG. FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus (hereinafter, referred to as apparatus 100l) according to Embodiment 13 of the present invention.
- apparatus 100l a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus
- the state in which the hydrophilic filter 6 is installed so as to be sandwiched between the charging unit high-voltage electrode 2 and the capture / inactivation unit ground electrode 7 is shown as an example.
- An example is shown in which the hydrophilic filter 6a is installed on the opposite side of the high-voltage electrode with the ground electrode as a boundary.
- the treatment is performed after trapping the virus charged by the charged portion on the hydrophilic filter polarized by the electrostatic field.
- the apparatus 100l since the hydrophilic filter 6a is charged in advance, the charged virus can be captured without being polarized by an electrostatic field.
- the voltage applied to the charged part high-voltage electrode 2 is set to alternating current, a positive / negative alternating rectangular waveform, a positive / negative alternating pulse waveform, or by applying a DC positive voltage and a DC high voltage alternately.
- the charge is neutralized and collided with particles having a charge of opposite polarity, and can be released into the space. Thereby, accumulation of particles on the hydrophilic filter 6a can be prevented, and the filter can be kept clean for a long period of time.
- FIG. 36 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus (hereinafter, referred to as apparatus 10011) according to Embodiment 13A of the present invention.
- apparatus 10011 a microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus
- Embodiment 13A will focus on the differences from Embodiments 1 to 12 and Embodiment 13A, and the same parts as Embodiments 1 to 12 and Embodiment 13A will not be described. , Are given the same reference numerals.
- the air flow is indicated by arrows.
- a pre-charged hydrophilic filter 6a is used, and the hydrophilic filter 6a is installed in the vicinity of the ground electrode.
- the pre-charged hydrophilic filter 6a was installed in the vicinity of the ground electrode and in a state where the distance from the charged portion high-voltage electrode 2 was 20 mm or less.
- a charged / inactivated high voltage power supply 45 is connected to the charged portion high voltage electrode 2.
- the charge / inactivation high voltage power supply 45 uses a power supply that can connect the high voltage power supply to the positive or negative rectifier in a switching manner.
- the charging / deactivating high-voltage power supply 45 uses an alternating current, a positive / negative alternating short waveform, a positive / negative alternating pulse waveform, etc. for the high-voltage power supply, so that it can freely charge a positive high voltage or a negative high voltage with a rectifier connected thereafter. It becomes possible to apply to the high voltage electrode 2.
- a positive high voltage is applied to the charged part high voltage electrode 2 from the charging / inactivating high voltage power supply 45 during the virus capturing step, while a charged part high voltage is applied during virus inactivation.
- a negative high voltage can be applied to the electrode 2 from a charge / inactivation high voltage power supply 45. According to such a configuration, the number of parts constituting the device 100l1 can be reduced, and the device 100l1 can be provided at low cost.
- the charging / inactivating high-voltage power supply 45 and the charging unit high-voltage electrode 2 are only one pair, and in the process of capturing microorganisms and viruses, such as the effects described in the first to thirteenth embodiments, ozone gas is not generated. It is possible to capture only microorganisms and viruses efficiently. On the other hand, in the inactivation treatment process of trapped microorganisms and viruses, it is possible to inactivate viruses trapped in the filter efficiently in a short time while efficiently generating ozone gas and increasing the concentration. .
- the power supply as shown in FIG. 37 was used for the charge / inactivation high-voltage power supply 45, the same effects as in the present embodiment can be used as long as the power supply can periodically apply a positive voltage and a negative voltage. Needless to say, is obtained.
- FIG. FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional configuration of a microorganism / virus capturing / inactivating apparatus (hereinafter referred to as apparatus 100m) according to Embodiment 14 of the present invention.
- apparatus 100m a microorganism / virus capturing / inactivating apparatus
- the device 100m according to the fourteenth embodiment has a structure in which a temperature / humidity sensor 30, a dust sensor 31, and a control device 50 are added to the structure of the device 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the temperature / humidity sensor 30 and the dust sensor 31 are installed at the virus intake (air inlet 10a).
- the control device 50 transmits information obtained from the temperature / humidity sensor 30 and / or the dust sensor 31 to the high voltage power supply 8 as an output signal.
- FIG. 27 shows changes in the survival rate after leaving the influenza virus for 6 hours in a state where nothing is done by changing the temperature and humidity.
- the activity of viruses increases at low temperatures and low humidity, and the activity decreases at high temperatures and high humidity.
- the activity of microorganisms increases at a relatively high temperature and is weak against drying, so that the activity decreases at low humidity.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram showing the characteristics of the particle collection rate depending on the particle diameter.
- the horizontal axis indicates the electric field strength (kV / cm) between the charged portion high-voltage electrode 2 and the charged portion ground electrode 3, and the vertical axis indicates the particle collection rate (%).
- the collection rate of particles is different at a particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m.
- the collection rate of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more is 88%, whereas the collection rate of particles of 1 ⁇ m or less is 60% to 66%. From this, it can be seen that in the case of viruses and microorganisms having different particle sizes, useless energy consumption can be eliminated by changing the electric field strength formed during collection.
- Tables 2 to 4 show the relationship between the output of the temperature / humidity sensor 30 and / or the output of the dust sensor 31 and the processing mode. Based on Tables 2 to 4, the processing mode of the apparatus 100m will be described.
- the apparatus 100m performs processing in the virus processing mode at low temperatures, and performs processing in the microorganism processing mode at high temperatures.
- the output of the dust sensor 31 may be adjusted so that each process is performed when the amount of dust is large, and the process is stopped when the amount of dust is small. If the dust sensor 31 can identify the particle size of the dust, the process may be changed with a particle size of 1 ⁇ m as shown in Table 4.
- the operation control of the blower 1 is performed by the output signal from the control device 50, and the blower 1 is stopped when the virus device is stopped, thereby further saving energy that is ineffectively consumed. Become.
- microorganism / virus capture / inactivation apparatus and method have been described separately in the first to the fourteenth embodiments, the features of each embodiment can be combined as appropriate to control the microorganism / virus. You may make it comprise a capture and inactivation apparatus and its method.
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Abstract
Description
実施の形態1.
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100と称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。図2は、装置100の概略構成を示す斜視図である。図1及び図2に基づいて、装置100の構成及び動作について説明する。なお、図1を含め、以下の図面では各構成部材の大きさの関係が実際のものとは異なる場合がある。また、図1及び図2では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。
図3は、装置100が実行する微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化方法の流れを示すフローチャートである。装置100の特徴は、浮遊微生物を捕捉する部分と、捕捉した浮遊微生物を不活化する部分と、を共通化した点である。すなわち、装置100は、微生物やウイルスの捕捉処理と、捕捉した微生物やウイルスの不活化処理と、をシーケンシャルに実行可能としたことにより、効率的に微生物やウイルスを除去できるようになっている。
図9は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100aと称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。図9に基づいて、装置100aの構成及び動作について説明する。なお、実施の形態2では実施の形態1との相違点を中心に説明し、実施の形態1と同一部分には、同一符号を付している。また、図9では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。
図10は、本発明の実施の形態3に係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100bと称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。図10に基づいて、装置100bの構成及び動作について説明する。なお、実施の形態3では実施の形態1及び実施の形態2との相違点を中心に説明し、実施の形態1及び実施の形態2と同一部分には、同一符号を付している。また、図10では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。
図11は、本発明の実施の形態4に係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100cと称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。図11に基づいて、装置100cの構成及び動作について説明する。なお、実施の形態4では実施の形態1~実施の形態3との相違点を中心に説明し、実施の形態1~実施の形態3と同一部分には、同一符号を付している。また、図11では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。
図12は、本発明の実施の形態5に係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100dと称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。図12に基づいて、装置100dの構成及び動作について説明する。なお、実施の形態5では実施の形態1~実施の形態4との相違点を中心に説明し、実施の形態1~実施の形態4と同一部分には、同一符号を付している。また、図12では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。
図13は、本発明の実施の形態6に係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100eと称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。図13に基づいて、装置100eの構成及び動作について説明する。なお、実施の形態6では実施の形態1~実施の形態5との相違点を中心に説明し、実施の形態1~実施の形態5と同一部分には、同一符号を付している。また、図13では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。
図31は、本発明の実施の形態6Aに係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100e1と称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。図31に基づいて、装置100e1の構成及び動作について説明する。なお、実施の形態6Aでは実施の形態1~実施の形態6との相違点を中心に説明し、実施の形態1~実施の形態6と同一部分には、同一符号を付している。また、図31では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。
図32は、本発明の実施の形態6Bに係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100e2と称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。図32に基づいて、装置100e2の構成及び動作について説明する。なお、実施の形態6Bでは実施の形態1~実施の形態6、実施の形態6Aとの相違点を中心に説明し、実施の形態1~実施の形態6、実施の形態6Aと同一部分には、同一符号を付している。また、図32では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。
図33は、装置100e2が実行する微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化方法の流れを示すフローチャートである。なお、基本的な動作は、実施の形態1での図3を用いて説明したとおりである。実施の形態1の相違点は、実施の形態6Bの特徴は、微生物やウイルスの捕捉処理する工程においては、開閉装置を開放した状態で、正極性電圧を印加すること、また、捕捉した微生物やウイルスの不活化処理する工程においては開閉装置を閉鎖した状態で、負極性電圧を印加するところにある。こうすることにより、効率的に微生物やウイルスを除去できるようになっている。
m=1秒間あたりに装置にぶつかる空気の質量(kgW)
=1秒間あたりに装置に衝突する空気の体積×空気の密度(1.3kg/m3 )
V=風速(m/s)
図34は、本発明の実施の形態6Cに係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100e3と称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。図34に基づいて、装置100e3の構成及び動作について説明する。なお、実施の形態6Cでは実施の形態1~実施の形態6、実施の形態6A、実施の形態6Bとの相違点を中心に説明し、実施の形態1~実施の形態6、実施の形態6A、実施の形態6Bと同一部分には、同一符号を付している。また、図34では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。
図14は、本発明の実施の形態7に係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100f1と称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。図15は、本発明の実施の形態7に係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100f2と称する)の概略縦断面構成の別の例を示す断面図である。図14及び図15に基づいて、装置100f1及び装置100f2の構成及び動作について説明する。なお、実施の形態7では実施の形態1~実施の形態6との相違点を中心に説明し、実施の形態1~実施の形態6(実施の形態6A~実施の形態6Cを含む、以下同じ)と同一部分には、同一符号を付している。また、図14及び図15では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。
図16は、本発明の実施の形態8に係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100gと称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。図16に基づいて、装置100gの構成及び動作について説明する。なお、実施の形態8では実施の形態1~実施の形態7との相違点を中心に説明し、実施の形態1~実施の形態7と同一部分には、同一符号を付している。また、図16では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。
図17は、本発明の実施の形態9に係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100hと称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。図17に基づいて、装置100hの構成及び動作について説明する。なお、実施の形態9では実施の形態1~実施の形態8との相違点を中心に説明し、実施の形態1~実施の形態8と同一部分には、同一符号を付している。また、図17では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。
図18は、本発明の実施の形態10に係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100iと称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。図18に基づいて、装置100iの構成及び動作について説明する。なお、実施の形態10では実施の形態1~実施の形態9との相違点を中心に説明し、実施の形態1~実施の形態9と同一部分には、同一符号を付している。また、図18では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。
図19は、本発明の実施の形態11に係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100jと称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。図19に基づいて、装置100jの構成及び動作について説明する。なお、実施の形態11では実施の形態1~実施の形態10との相違点を中心に説明し、実施の形態1~実施の形態10と同一部分には、同一符号を付している。また、図19では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。
図22は、本発明の実施の形態12に係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100kと称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。図22に基づいて、装置100kの構成及び動作について説明する。なお、実施の形態12では実施の形態1~実施の形態11との相違点を中心に説明し、実施の形態1~実施の形態11と同一部分には、同一符号を付している。また、図22では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。さらに、実施の形態12では、実施の形態5の図21に示したようにハニカム14を2種類以上のハニカムで構成している。
図24は、本発明の実施の形態13に係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100lと称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。なお、実施の形態13では実施の形態1~実施の形態12との相違点を中心に説明し、実施の形態1~実施の形態12と同一部分には、同一符号を付している。また、図24では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。
図36は、本発明の実施の形態13Aに係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100l1と称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。なお、実施の形態13Aでは実施の形態1~実施の形態12、実施の形態13Aとの相違点を中心に説明し、実施の形態1~実施の形態12、実施の形態13Aと同一部分には、同一符号を付している。また、図36では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。
図26は、本発明の実施の形態14に係る微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置(以下、装置100mと称する)の概略縦断面構成を示す断面図である。なお、実施の形態14では実施の形態1~実施の形態13(実施の形態13Aを含む、以下同じ)との相違点を中心に説明し、実施の形態1~実施の形態13と同一部分には、同一符号を付している。また、図26では、空気の流れを矢印で示している。
Claims (12)
- 風路筐体と、
電圧が印加され、前記風路筐体内に取り込んだ浮遊微生物を荷電する第1高電圧印加電極と、
前記第1高電圧印加電極と対向して設置された第1対向電極と、
前記第1高電圧印加電極により荷電された浮遊微生物を捕捉するフィルターと、
電圧が印加され、前記フィルターを誘電し、かつ、前記フィルターに捕捉した浮遊微生物を不活化する第2高電圧印加電極と、
前記第2高電圧印加電極と対向して設置された第2対向電極と、を備えた
ことを特徴とする微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置。 - 前記フィルターの表面を親水性にする
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置。 - 前記フィルターは、
前記第2高電圧印加電極と前記第2対向電極との間に絶縁的に挟み込んで設置される
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置。 - 前記第1高電圧印加電極に印加される電圧の極性と、前記第2高電圧印加電極に印加される電圧の極性と、を逆極性とする
ことを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置。 - 前記フィルターは、
表面に親水性吸着剤を担持したハニカム構造体で構成される
ことを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置。 - 前記風路筺体の空気流出入口に開閉装置を設け、
前記第2対向電極の下流側にオゾン分解触媒フィルターを設けた
ことを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置。 - 前記風路筐体内において、風上側から、前記第1高電圧印加電極、前記第1対向電極、前記第2高電圧印加電極、前記フィルター、前記第2対向電極を順に配置する
ことを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置。 - 前記風路筐体内において、風上側から、前記第1高電圧印加電極、前記第1対向電極、予め帯電されたフィルターを順に配置する
ことを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置。 - 前記風路筐体内において、風上に温度センサー、湿度センサー、及び、ダストセンサーの少なくとも1つを備える
ことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置。 - 前記温度センサー、前記湿度センサー、及び、前記ダストセンサーからの出力の少なくとも1つで、前記第1高電圧印加電極の調整を行い、かつ前記風路筐体内に空気を取り込む送風機の運転制御を行なう
ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置。 - 浮遊微生物を風路筐体内に取り込む工程と、
前記風路筐体内に取り込んだ浮遊微生物を荷電する工程と、
前記荷電された浮遊微生物を誘電された親水性フィルターで捕捉する工程と、
前記親水性フィルターで捕捉した浮遊微生物をプラズマで不活化する工程と、を有し、これらの工程を繰り返して実行する
ことを特徴とする微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化方法。 - 浮遊微生物を風路筐体内に取り込む工程と、
前記風路筐体内に取り込んだ浮遊微生物に対して、正極性電圧を印加して荷電する工程と、
前記荷電された浮遊微生物を誘電された親水性フィルターで捕捉する工程と、
前記親水性フィルターで捕捉した浮遊微生物に対して、負極性電圧を印加しプラズマで不活化する工程と、を有し、
これらの工程を繰り返して実行する
ことを特徴とする微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化方法。
Priority Applications (5)
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ES11789430.3T ES2643130T3 (es) | 2010-06-02 | 2011-05-30 | Dispositivo para la captura e inactivación de microbios y virus |
JP2012518241A JP5546630B2 (ja) | 2010-06-02 | 2011-05-30 | 微生物・ウイルスの捕捉・不活化装置 |
CN201180026842.9A CN102917734B (zh) | 2010-06-02 | 2011-05-30 | 微生物/病毒的捕捉/灭活装置及其方法 |
EP11789430.3A EP2578243B1 (en) | 2010-06-02 | 2011-05-30 | Device for microbe and virus capture and inactivation |
US13/699,689 US20130071298A1 (en) | 2010-06-02 | 2011-05-30 | Apparatus and method for capture and inactivation of microbes and viruses |
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JP2010-126727 | 2010-06-02 | ||
JP2010126727 | 2010-06-02 | ||
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US (1) | US20130071298A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2578243B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5546630B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102917734B (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2643130T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011152016A1 (ja) |
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US9216233B2 (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2015-12-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Apparatus and method for capture and inactivation of microbes and viruses |
US20160031708A1 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2016-02-04 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Active ingredient generator |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2578243A4 (en) | 2014-08-27 |
JPWO2011152016A1 (ja) | 2013-07-25 |
US20130071298A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
CN102917734A (zh) | 2013-02-06 |
ES2643130T3 (es) | 2017-11-21 |
CN102917734B (zh) | 2014-12-17 |
JP5546630B2 (ja) | 2014-07-09 |
EP2578243A1 (en) | 2013-04-10 |
EP2578243B1 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
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