WO2011147869A1 - Verfahren zum betreiben eines lichtbogenofens, schwingungsmesseinrichtung für eine lichtbogenelektrode und anordnung für einen lichtbogenofen - Google Patents
Verfahren zum betreiben eines lichtbogenofens, schwingungsmesseinrichtung für eine lichtbogenelektrode und anordnung für einen lichtbogenofen Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011147869A1 WO2011147869A1 PCT/EP2011/058558 EP2011058558W WO2011147869A1 WO 2011147869 A1 WO2011147869 A1 WO 2011147869A1 EP 2011058558 W EP2011058558 W EP 2011058558W WO 2011147869 A1 WO2011147869 A1 WO 2011147869A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vibration
- arc
- measuring device
- arc electrode
- electrode
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
- H05B7/18—Heating by arc discharge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5211—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/24—Cooling arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/28—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or the like devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/16—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C2005/5288—Measuring or sampling devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/46—Details or accessories
- C21C5/4673—Measuring and sampling devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of operating an arc furnace, a vibration measuring device for an arc electrode and an arrangement for an electric arc furnace.
- arc processes are used to introduce thermal energy into the material or material to be processed or refined.
- a current flow is formed via an arc between an electric arc electrode to be provided and the material or material to be processed or finished and / or a correspondingly provided counter electrode arrangement by forming an electrical voltage in a controlled manner, i. that is, without direct material contact between the arc electrode on the one hand and the material or good to be processed or finished and / or the counter electrode arrangement on the other hand, but via an electrically conductive plasma formed between the arc electrode on the one hand and the good and / or the counter electrode on the other hand the underlying atmosphere.
- the invention is based on the object to provide a method for operating an electric arc furnace, a vibration measuring device for an arc electrode and an arrangement for an electric arc furnace, at or with which the operation of an electric arc furnace can be made very safe and productive by simple means.
- the task underlying the invention is in a method for operating an electric arc furnace according to the invention with the features of independent claim 1, in a vibration measuring device for an electric arc electrode according to the invention with the features of independent claim 8 and in an arrangement for an electric arc furnace according to the invention with the features of independent claim 26. Further developments are the subject matter of the dependent claims.
- the present invention provides a method for operating an arc furnace in which by applying at least one arc electrode with an electrical voltage between the at least one arc electrode and a good and / or a counter electrode arrangement for forming an electrical current flow in a controlled manner Arc is formed and maintained, wherein at least during the maintenance of the arc at the at least one arc electrode, a vibration measurement is performed, in which from the vibration measurement a vibration state of the at least one arc electrode and / or an operating state of the arc furnace characterizing data are derived and wherein the characterizing data are used to control and / or control the operation of the arc furnace.
- An essential idea of the present invention is therefore to provide, in an operating method for an electric arc furnace, the possibility of detecting the vibration state of the intended one or more electric arc electrodes.
- data can then be obtained which describe or characterize the vibration state and / or operating state of the arc electrode and / or the arc furnace as a whole.
- the course of further operation of the arc furnace can be designed, for example, by appropriate choice and setting of operating parameters or operating variables, be these geometric, mechanical and / or electrical nature. It can therefore be thought, for example, to regulate electrical voltages and / or currents or to adjust the electrode geometry with respect to the material located in the furnace vessel.
- the vibration measurement can be carried out without contact, in particular without direct or indirect mechanical contact with the at least one arc electrode.
- the special loads are reduced or avoided in the occurring during operation of an electric arc furnace high temperatures, so that Störun- conditions of the measurements or even damage to the respectively to be provided measuring devices due to thermal, mechanical or electrical influences omitted.
- the vibration measurement can be carried out by optical means and / or by acoustic means, in particular using ultrasound.
- acoustic means in particular using ultrasound.
- all other non-contact measuring methods are conceivable, that is to say methods which can detect oscillatory movements of the arc electrode or of apparatuses connected thereto, without requiring a direct mechanical contact.
- the vibration measurement can be carried out via an interference method and / or by utilizing a Doppler effect.
- Interference methods and / or Doppler methods are particularly accurate measuring methods, since even small deviations in the underlying basic quantities lead to qualitatively and quantitatively easily detectable measured variables and their changes.
- a Fourier analysis can be performed on the characterizing data, e.g. to detect conditions of the resonance and / or certain vibration patterns of the at least one arc electrode and / or the arc furnace.
- Fourier analysis and other spectral methods are particularly useful for studying vibration conditions of systems because they cause vibration patterns, e.g. also states of resonance or the like, can be detected and analyzed particularly accurately.
- the evaluation and / or control and / or regulation of mechanical and / or electrical operating variables of the arc furnace and / or the arc electrode can be controlled or regulated.
- the method according to the invention and its embodiments can be used for processing or processing, refining or melting a material, in particular metallic material.
- an oscillation measuring device for an arc electrode which is designed and has means for a vibration measurement on at least one associated arc electrode, in particular in an arrangement for an arc furnace.
- the vibration measuring device can be designed for contact-free vibration measurement, in particular without direct or indirect mechanical contact with the at least one associated arc electrode.
- the vibration measuring device can be designed for vibration measurement with optical and / or acoustic means. It may have emitting devices for emitting certain optical and / or acoustic signals to the at least one associated arc electrode and / or corresponding receiving devices for receiving the at least one associated arc electrode emitted optical and / or acoustic - in particular reflected - signals.
- emitting devices for emitting certain optical and / or acoustic signals to the at least one associated arc electrode and / or corresponding receiving devices for receiving the at least one associated arc electrode emitted optical and / or acoustic - in particular reflected - signals.
- the vibration measuring device can be designed for vibration measurement via an interference method and / or via the utilization of a Doppler effect. Due to their high resolving power arise with Interference method and method using the Doppler effect particularly high accuracies in the vibration measurement.
- the vibration measuring device can be designed for vibration measurement via a direct or indirect mechanical contact with the at least one associated arc electrode.
- it has e.g. a vibration sensor on soft on the mechanical contact a vibration state of the at least one associated arc electrode or its effect can be transmitted.
- any vibration sensors can be used.
- Conceivable are so-called piezo sensors, inductive sensors, or optical gyro or the like.
- several sensors can be combined with each other, e.g. Vibrational movements within the three spatial directions x, y and z independently dissolve.
- the intended measuring circuit can already take over part of the evaluation of the primary data supplied by the vibration sensor, so that then after the primary processing the data can be stored, read out and / or transmitted in partially processed form.
- the measuring circuit may have means corresponding thereto, e.g. have corresponding control or computing circuits, memory and transceiver devices.
- the insulation arrangement can be designed for thermal insulation / cooling and / or for mechanical coupling of its interior to the exterior. Due to the above-mentioned thermal, electrical and mechanical loads appropriate insulation to protect the measurement mechanisms of advantage to avoid falsification in the measurement or damage to the measuring devices themselves.
- the insulation arrangement may comprise a plurality of successively nested insulation containers, wherein in particular the outermost insulation container is mechanically or indirectly coupled to the at least one associated arc electrode and the innermost insulation container has in its interior the measuring unit and in particular the sensor and / or the measuring circuit.
- the respective embodiments of the containers and their contents or fillings may be different. It must be ensured that over the entire operating interval, ie in the time during which the amount of heat is impressed from the outside of the measuring system, the isolation is sufficient so that until the next downtime, in which the imposition of heat is omitted, the temperature innermost area, in which the actual measuring unit with sensor and measuring circuit is located, does not rise above the maximum permissible operating temperature.
- One or more insulation containers may each have a wall area for outer boundary and / or for thermal insulation / cooling.
- One or more insulation containers may each have a thermal insulation material and / or cooling material in their interior as a partial or complete filling.
- the wall portions form barriers to heat conduction, but may also function as heat radiation barriers due to their reflectivity.
- the insulation and / or cooling materials have the same functions, but here the emphasis is on the prevention of heat conduction, unless special material properties in Reference can be made to phase transitions. This will be described in more detail below.
- a respective wall region of a respective insulation container may have one or more walls. By providing a plurality of walls, the thermal conductivity can be lowered due to the multiplicity of interfaces meeting each other.
- a respective wall may be formed with or from one or more materials from the group of materials including metallic materials, aluminum, steel, ceramics, sintered ceramics, plastics, fiber reinforced materials, and combinations thereof. It is a variety of different materials used. These are chosen in detail depending on the positioning of the respective insulation tank and the associated thermal, mechanical and electrical loads.
- a respective wall region and / or a respective wall - in particular on the respective outer side - may be formed completely or partially mirrored.
- the mirroring increases the reflectivity with respect to the heat radiation.
- a respective insulation and / or cooling material may be formed with or from one or more materials having a low thermal conductivity, in particular in the range of less than about 3 W / m K, preferably in the range of less than about 0.3 W / m K.
- a respective insulating and / or cooling material may be formed with or from one or more phase change materials or phase change materials, in particular with a solid-liquid transition and / or with a liquid-gas transition, preferably with a high Phasenwechse- enthalpy or phase transition enthalpy, in particular in the range of approximately 25 kJ / mol or above.
- phase change materials or phase change materials in particular with a solid-liquid transition and / or with a liquid-gas transition, preferably with a high Phasenwechse- enthalpy or phase transition enthalpy, in particular in the range of approximately 25 kJ / mol or above.
- phase change material or phase change material will, in effect, function as a constant temperature cladding lying at the phase transition temperature of the underlying phase change material until the phase change of the phase change material is complete is completed, so until - in the case mentioned here - the originally present solid is completely converted into a liquid.
- phase change material or phase change material will, in effect, function as a constant temperature cladding lying at the phase transition temperature of the underlying phase change material until the phase change of the phase change material is complete is completed, so until - in the case mentioned here - the originally present solid is completely converted into a liquid.
- phase change material or phase change material will, in effect, function as a constant temperature cladding lying at the phase transition temperature of the underlying phase change material until the phase change of the phase change material is complete is completed, so until - in the case mentioned here - the originally present solid is completely converted into a liquid.
- a respective insulating and / or cooling material can be formed with or from one or more materials from the group of materials comprising water, zeolite materials, in particular zeolite granules, per liter materials, in particular perlite granules, foam materials, in particular carbon foam materials and combinations thereof.
- water offers itself in a particularly advantageous manner, especially in the outdoor area.
- a cooling jacket provided in the outer region, which, as long as the water is in liquid form and is at most boiling, assumes a temperature of 1 00 ° C. It only needs to be ensured that sufficient cooling water is available, which - transformed by the boiling process into steam - leaving the corresponding interior of the underlying insulation container if necessary.
- These can each have an inner insulation container to the outside with respect to a respective outer insulation container on the inside thereof. support and / or support an inner wall of a wall portion outwardly towards an outer wall of the same wall portion on the inside thereof.
- the webs lead to a minimal contact area or a minimum contact area of the nested insulation container, so that a heat transfer due to heat conduction at these contact points with min imaler surface is extremely low.
- a part of the wall region of the outermost insulation container can be formed by a vibration transmission element reaching into the interior of the outermost insulation container with or made from one or more materials with high sound propagation capability or high sound velocity and low thermal conductivity, in particular according to Art a stone-like material, preferably with or made of granite and / or in plate form.
- a stone-like material preferably with or made of granite and / or in plate form.
- the advantage of a granite slab or the like is that such materials have particularly favorable mechanical properties since they exhibit vibrational states, e.g. Transmitted sound from the infrasound range of a few hertz up to the ultrasonic range of a few tens of kilohertz, but at the same time one compared to metals e.g. have very low thermal conductivity.
- the vibration transmitting member may be in direct mechanical contact with the wall portion of at least one subsequent inner insulating container.
- the vibration transmission element covers the area of a plurality of insulation containers inwards and thus penetrates a plurality of insulation containers at their wall regions.
- an arrangement for an electric arc furnace is also provided with a furnace vessel, with min. at least one arc electrode, which is at least partially introduced or introduced into the furnace vessel, and with a vibration measuring device for vibration measurement at the at least one arc electrode.
- the core idea of the arrangement for an electric arc furnace is therefore the provision according to the invention of a vibration measuring device for measuring the vibration state of an electric arc electrode in its operation.
- a plurality of arc electrodes with one or more, in particular a corresponding, plurality of respectively associated vibration measuring devices can be formed. Since, in an arrangement for an electric arc furnace, in principle, a plurality of arc electrodes can also be provided, it is also appropriate to use a plurality, e.g. to monitor all arc electrodes with regard to their vibration condition. Although this can basically be taken over by a single vibration measuring device, especially if this uses a non-contact measuring method. Optionally, however, a corresponding plurality of individual vibration measuring devices, which are each assigned to a single arc electrode, be useful.
- the vibration measuring devices can be designed in particular in the described manner according to the invention.
- the control device can record, store and process the raw data supplied by the respective sensor or else the measurement data already processed via the respectively provided measuring circuit and generate corresponding control signals and send them to corresponding remote control devices. output more devices of the arrangement for the electric arc furnace to regulate or control the operation accordingly.
- the vibration measuring device provided according to the invention can be mounted directly or indirectly on a region or end of the arc electrode facing away from the open vessel and / or the furnace vessel, directly or indirectly at a non-contact measuring tap outside the open vessel and / or at least during operation.
- the furnace vessel remote from the region or end of the arc electrode may be mounted directly or indirectly on a holder of the arc electrode, in particular on a portion of a cooling device of the holder, the contactless Meßabgriff directly or indirectly formed on a holder of the arc electrode, in particular at an area a cooling device of the holder, be attached directly or indirectly to a transport nipple or transport element of the arc electrode and / or the contact-free Meßabgriff directly or indirectly to a transport element of the arc be formed electrode.
- Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of an embodiment of the method according to the invention for operating an arc furnace.
- FIGS. 2A-5B are schematic block diagrams showing various embodiments of the electric arc furnace assembly according to the present invention.
- the various arrangements differ with respect to the positioning of the vibration measuring device and / or with respect to the configuration of the furnace vessel as an open or closed vessel.
- Fig. 6 shows details of one control circuit for another
- Embodiment of the inventive arrangement for an electric arc furnace Embodiment of the inventive arrangement for an electric arc furnace.
- Fig. 7 illustrates in a schematic and sectional side view the possible positioning of the inventive vibration measuring device in the region of an arc electrode and its support arm.
- Fig. 8A-8B show a sectional plan view and a side view, respectively
- Embodiment of a vibration measuring device according to the invention which operates on the basis of a mechanical contact.
- the present invention also relates to means and methods of measuring electrode vibration in a steel mill.
- vibrations of electrodes or arc electrodes 220 during operation e.g. can not be measured in a steel plant.
- a new vibration meter 1 00 which is also referred to as vibration measuring device 1 00, proposed.
- the vibrations of an arc electrode 220 are transmitted via a transport element 224, for example, to a transport nipple 224 to the measuring box of the vibration measuring device 100.
- the measuring box Schwingungsmessein- direction 100 takes a granite plate 50, 50 '(coefficient of thermal conductivity 2.6 W / mK), the transmission of the vibrations to the actual measuring sensor 1 and the measuring electronics or circuit 2.
- the oscillations can over three, in all Space axes x, y, z arranged acceleration sensors recorded and stored eg in an integrated Datalogger.
- the vibrations and the temperature can be transmitted to a computer via a transmitter integrated in the box (Bluetooth, W-Lan .%) and evaluated online.
- a transmitter integrated in the box Bluetooth, W-Lan .
- An insulation of the sensor 1 and the electronics 2 can be realized via a multi-stage concept. Overall, e.g. three boxes 20, 30, 40 as insulation containers 20, 30, 40 interleaved.
- the outermost box 20, consisting e.g. made of a CFC material or steel sheet as a wall 21, 21 ', is e.g. filled with a water-saturated zeolite ithgranulat as a filling 22.
- the first box 20 may also by another insulating material as a filling 22, e.g. be isolated by a carbon foam with a heat transfer coefficient of 0, 1 5 W / mK or a pearlite granules with a heat transfer coefficient of 0.05 W / mK.
- the second box 30 made with a wall of aluminum or steel as the inner wall 31 i is filled with water or other phase change material as a filling 32 and serves to lower the temperature in the Kannnner with the third box 40 to stabilize at a low level of, for example, a maximum of 1 00 ° C.
- the material of the walls 21, 31, 41 and / or the filling 22, 32, 42 can be selected.
- the outer shell 31 a of the wall 31 of the second box 30 may be provided with a mirrored sheet, which reflects the infrared radiation and thus reduces the heat radiation to the second box 30.
- the sheets 31 a are attached to thin webs 31 s.
- the third and innermost box 40 is e.g. formed waterproof and dustproof and contains the actual sensor 1 and the measuring electronics 2. This is also arranged to deteriorate or reduce the heat transfer by heat conduction and / or thermal radiation so that the heat flow only via e.g. four small bridges 33 runs.
- Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of the method according to the invention for operating an arc furnace 200 ', 21 0'.
- a so-called start phase - preparations for the operation of the arc furnace 200 ', 21 0' are made.
- the fillings of the underlying furnace vessel 21 0 are carried out accordingly.
- the underlying arc electrode 220 is positioned in the region of the interior of the vessel 210, optionally including the vessel lid 21 second
- step S2 the mechanical adjustment of the underlying arc electrode 220 takes place according to the selected operating parameters.
- step S3 the configured arc electrode 220 is then subjected to electrical voltage in accordance with the selected operating parameters.
- the electrical voltage is formed between the arc electrode 220, optionally the plurality of arc electrodes 220, and the material to be treated 300 and / or a provided counter electrode 21 1 'of the lower portion 21 1 of the furnace vessel 21 0 from.
- the steps S2 and S3 are generally carried out continuously and in parallel during operation. This means that in the - trouble-free as possible - continuous operation, the arc electrode 220 or the majority of electrical voltage is applied according to the currently determined operating parameters and that at the same time the mechanical and geometric operating parameters in the arrangement 200 for the electric arc furnace 200 ', 21 0' their Find precipitation.
- steps S3 and S4 it can be checked in a step S9 whether e.g. a regular end of operation has been reached, that is, e.g. a regular end criterion is fulfilled or predicted.
- the final step S1 0 can be proceeded to take appropriate precautions for the end of the operation of the arrangement 200 for the electric arc furnace 200 ', 21 0'. This means that given if the tapping is done or another removal of the processed or treated Guts 300, and in particular after the electrical power has been taken from the assembly 200, ie in particular the furnace vessel 21 0 and the electrode 220 are grounded and against each other have no electrical potential difference.
- step S9 if a criterion for a regular end of the operation is not present in step S9, because e.g. in said example for a melting process, the material 300 has not yet completely melted, the furnace 200 ', 21 0' must continue to run and generally the steps S4 to S7 are initiated, which then return to the actual basic steps S2 and S3.
- step S4 the vibration measurement is performed on the arc electrode 220 or the plurality of arc electrodes 220.
- step S5 data derived from the vibration measurement S4 are used to derive characteristic data for characterizing the operating state and / or the vibration state of the arc electrode 220 as such or the entire arrangement 200 of the arc furnace 200 ', 210'.
- a query step S6 in which it is checked whether the operation of the system or arrangement 200 is critical, ie whether the regulation and control of the operation can no longer be performed regularly, ie in particular an existing or imminent vibration state of the system or Arrangement 200 and especially the arc electrode 220 is no longer controllable. This may in particular be the case if the operating state of the arc furnace 200 ', 210' is no longer controllable and the arc electrode 220 or electrodes 220 are e.g. just before one
- Vibration break stand if the operation is judged to be critical because, for example, a vibration state of the system or arrangement 200 and especially of the arc electrode 220 proves to be unmanageable, then an irregular termination takes place towards the final step S8.
- step S7 the derived data and in particular the vibration state and / or operating state characterizing data is then used to adjust the operating parameters or operating quantities for the operation of the arc electrode 220 and the assembly 200 for the arc furnace 200 ', 21 0' as such.
- the mechanical-geometrical settings for the arc electrode 220 and the arrangement 200 are then carried out in the following step S2 and S3, and the necessary electrical parameters for the operation are controlled or regulated accordingly.
- steps S2 to S7 are performed parallel to each other and continuously, so that in particular during the loading S3 of the arc electrode 220 with electrical voltage, ie during operation, constantly Measurements are carried out and evaluated and then on the basis of the evaluation data then constantly and continuously the geometric and mechanical sizes and the electrical operating variables are adjusted, and in general, without the need for a business interruption.
- the present invention based on the characteristic data derived in steps S5 and S7, it is possible to detect critical conditions for the operation of the arc electrode 220 to appropriately set the mechanical, geometrical, and electrical operation quantities for the arc electrode 220 to be of concern Leaving the operating state for the arc electrode 220 and continue safe operation is possible.
- the Fig. 2A shows, in the manner of a block diagram, a first embodiment of the inventive arrangement 200 for an electric arc furnace 200 ', 21 0'.
- the core component of this arrangement 200 is the actual electric arc furnace 200 ', 21 0'.
- This is formed by a furnace vessel 21 0.
- This has a vessel base 21 1 and in the arrangement of FIG. 2A a lid or closure 21 2.
- a passage and sealing region 21 3 is formed, through which the Arrangement 200 underlying arc electrode 220 into the furnace vessel 21 0 opens.
- the arc electrode 220 itself consists essentially of a body 221 in the form of a rod 221 with a front or arc end 222, which opens into the interior 21 Oi of the furnace vessel 21 0, whereas the opposite and the furnace vessel 21 0 remote from the second end 223 of the rod 221 is supported by a support arm 260 or a holder 260.
- the carrier 260 also allows a corresponding geometric adjustment of the rod 221 of the arc electrode 220, so that between the located in the interior 21 0i of the furnace vessel 210 Good 300, which is to be subjected to processing or treatment, and the arc end
- 222 of the arc electrode 220 a corresponding distance can be achieved via a positioning by means of the support arm 260, e.g. by raising and lowering the support arm 260 in the direction Z.
- a counter-electrode arrangement 21 V is provided which serves to form the electrical potential difference between the arc end 222 of the rod 221 of the arc electrode 220 and in particular the material 300 to be treated.
- measuring sensors 255-1 and 255-2 are still provided for receiving measurement data for controlling the operation of the arrangement 200.
- control region 253 or an operation unit 253 for the arc electrode 220 is formed.
- This control region 253 serves in the embodiment shown here on the one hand, the electrical lektrischen connection and thus the impressing of the electrical voltage by introducing electrical charges via the line 258 from the electrode driver 252, on the other hand, however, the output of certain measured variables via the line 256-4, eg to output the values of the actual impressed electrical voltage or the actual fl owing electric current as actual values.
- controlling the arc electrode is realized via an end 223 of the arc electrode 220 facing away from the furnace vessel and thus separated from the carrier arm 260 and its control or operating unit 254.
- the application of the arc electrode 220 with electrical voltage is usually realized via the support arm 260 and not via the end remote from the furnace vessel 223.
- the electrode driver 252 accesses the carrier arm 260 directly via a corresponding interface.
- the carriers 252 and 254 can be integrated in a common unit that implements and controls the positioning and application of electrical voltage.
- the oscillation measuring device 1 00 also acts on the oscillation state of the arc electrode 220 via corresponding
- the raw data and / or also pre-processed prepared data are derived via line 256-3.
- All recorded data are recorded in an evaluation and control unit 251, via the lines or measuring lines 256-1 and 256-2 with respect to the additional sensors 255-1 and 255-2 arranged in the furnace vessel 21 0, via the Measuring line 256-3 for the inventively provided vibration measuring device 1 00 as well as the measuring line 256-4 for the operating unit 253 of the arc electrode 220th
- control signals to the driver device 252 for the electrode and to a driver device are then sent via control lines 257-1 and 257-2 254 outputted to the support arm 260, so that according to the control data, the mechanical, geometric and electrical operating variables for the operation of the assembly 200 for the electric arc furnace 200 ', 21 0' can be controlled or regulated.
- FIG. 2A Core idea of the arrangement of FIG. 2A is the non-contact measurement of the vibration state of the arc electrode 220 by the vibration measuring device 100, here represented by the serpentine lines, which is to represent the transmission and reception of a light signal or an ultrasonic signal or the like. Due to the non-contact measuring method, a comparatively reduced mechanical, electrical and thermal load with respect to the vibration measuring device 1 00 according to the invention takes place even with very robust operation.
- FIG. 2B corresponds essentially to the arrangement of FIG. 2A, but this is an open furnace vessel 21 0, which compared to the arrangement of FIG. 2A thus has no lid portion 21 2 and also no seal 21 3.
- FIG. 3A corresponds essentially to the arrangement of FIG. 2A with closed furnace vessel 21 0, but here an indirect contact between the vibration measuring device 1 00 according to the invention and the arc electrode 220 is made, I näml I via the operating unit 253, which in operation via the direct mechanical contact with the light arc electrode 220 is set in a similar vibration state, as the arc electrode 220 itself.
- FIG. 3B shows a similar situation as in the arrangement of FIG. 3A, but again with the furnace vessel 21 0 open without the lid 21 2 and the seal 21 3.
- the vibration measuring device 100 provided according to the invention is located directly on the surface of the rod 221 of the arc electrode 220, here directly below the support arm 260. In this way, the oscillation state can be very direct and very accurate the arc electrode 220 are measured.
- the vibration measuring device 100 provided according to the invention is formed on the support arm 260 for the rod 221 of the arc electrode 220. Due to the very intimate mechan ic contact, namely because of the support function of the support arm 260, can be determined by the state of vibration of the support arm 260 very precisely the vibration state of the arc electrode 220 here in reducing the mechanical, thermal and electrical loads.
- Fig. 6 again shows details of the controller 250 in connection with the vibration measuring device 100 provided according to the invention for the arc electrode 220.
- the arc electrode 220 is also here in wesentl men in the form of a rod 221 with a not shown here furnace vessel end 222 and a not shown here furnace vessel 21 0 opposite end 223 formed, with the latter operating unit 253 for the arc electrode 220 for the electrical connection on the one hand and for the Output of the measured data, for example, with respect to the temperature, the electrical parameters and vibration data on the other hand is formed.
- the vibration measuring device 100 is integrated in the operating unit 253. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the evaluation and control 250, 251 is formed divided, by providing an evaluation and control 251 -1 with respect to the originating from the vibration meter 1 00 data and in an evaluation and control 251 -2 h caravanl I electrical operating parameters, which are derived via the measuring line 256-4. According to the evaluation and control of the two sub-control units 251 -1 and 251 -2, the driver 254 for the carrier arm 260 and the driver 252 for the operating unit 253 of the arc electrode 220 are then provided with corresponding control signals, namely via the lines 257, 257-1, 257-2 and 258.
- the Fig. 7 shows, in a schematic and sectional side view, various arrangement possibilities AE for the vibration measuring device 100 according to the invention in connection with the electric arc electrode 220 designed as a rod 221. All of these arrangement possibilities extend in the region of the second end 223 of the rod 221, which differs from the furnace vessel 21 not shown here 0 is arranged away.
- the vibration measuring device 100 is not in direct mechanical contact with the end 223 of the arc electrode 220, but uses a non-contact measuring method, e.g. via electromagnetic waves or sound.
- the vibration measuring device 100 In the position B, the vibration measuring device 100 according to the invention is directly contacted with a so-called transport element 224, transport nipple 224 or transport hooks 224. In the position C, the vibration measuring device 1 00 according to the invention is mounted directly on the surface of the arc electrode 220.
- the vibration measuring device 1 00 is arranged on the surface of the support arm 260.
- the support arm 260 and its material 261 are cooled by providing a cooling device 262.
- the cooling device 262 is intimately connected to the material 261 of the support arm 260, the arrangement of the vibration measurement device 100 according to the invention can also be determined according to the position E, i. so be done directly in contact with the cooling device 262.
- This cooler 262 is e.g. a coolant conveying pipe or the like.
- FIGS. 8A and 8B show, in the form of sectional top and side views, an embodiment of the vibration measuring device 100 according to the invention for an arc electrode 220, which in conjunction with the positions B to E according to FIG. 7 could be used.
- FIG. 8A and 8B for the vibration measuring device 100 has a three-stage insulation system or a three-stage insulation arrangement 60 with regard to the thermal and electrical influences.
- This three-stage insulation system 60 is formed by three nested insulation containers 20, 30 and 40.
- the outer insulation container 20 has as a wall region 21 a single wall 21 ', for example of a CFC material or a steel sheet.
- a further insulation material may be applied as an inner lining, such as a carbon foam or a pearlite granules or the like.
- the second insulating container 30 is then arranged.
- Its wall portion 31 consists of an inner wall 31 i, for example made of aluminum or steel, and a mirrored outer shell 31 a, against which the inner wall 31 i via web portions or webs 31 s is supported with a small cross-sectional area to heat transfer here by heat conduction so to be kept as low as possible.
- phase change material or phase change material is provided as the insulation material 32.
- This may be e.g. to trade water.
- water has a low inherent thermal conductivity and, on the other hand, a comparatively low phase change temperature with a comparatively high phase change energy for the transition from liquid to gaseous state.
- a waterproof and dustproof box 40 whose wall portion 41 has a single wall 41 'and in its interior next to an optional filling 42, the actual measuring unit 10 of a sensor 1 and a Measuring and evaluation circuit 2 contains. Via webs 33, which are part of the wall region 31 of the second insulation container 30, the innermost insulation container 40 is supported downward.
- the vibration measuring device 100 has a vibration transmission element 50 in the form of a granite plate 50 'or the like.
- This granite plate 50 closes outwardly over its outer side 50a, outer surface 50a or surface 50a flush with the outside of the wall 21 of the outermost insulating container 20 from.
- the granite plate 50 ' as a vibration transmission element 50, completely passes through the wall region 21 and the filling 22 of the outermost insulation container 20 and contacts the inner wall 31 i of the wall region 31 of the second insulation container 30, so that Overall, the mechanical vibrations from the outside over the outer surface 50a of the granite plate 50 'to the inner wall 31 i of the second insulating container 30 and from there via the webs 33 to the innermost insulating container 40 and there via the mechanical coupling to the interior 40i and to the vibration sensor 1 transferred. At the same time, the heat conduction through the granite plate 50, the webs 33 and the wall 41 is only small.
- furnace vessel 21 0 opposite end transport element, transport nipple, transport hook, suspension
- Evaluation device or unit control device or unit
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
MX2012013561A MX2012013561A (es) | 2010-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | Procedimiento para operar un horno de arco voltaico, dispositivo de medicion de oscilaciones para un electrodo de arco voltaico y disposicion para un horno de arco voltaico. |
EP11722792.6A EP2576847A1 (de) | 2010-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | Verfahren zum betreiben eines lichtbogenofens, schwingungsmesseinrichtung für eine lichtbogenelektrode und anordnung für einen lichtbogenofen |
RU2012156164/02A RU2012156164A (ru) | 2010-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | Способ работы электродуговой печи, устройство измерения колебаний дугового электрода и система электродуговой печи |
KR1020127033628A KR20130045869A (ko) | 2010-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | 아크로 동작 방법, 아크 전극을 위한 진동 측정 장치 및 아크로를 위한 구성체 |
CN2011800260874A CN102959094A (zh) | 2010-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | 操作电弧炉的方法、用于电弧电极的振荡测量器件和用于电弧炉的设备 |
JP2013511669A JP2013532229A (ja) | 2010-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | アーク炉の運転方法、アーク電極の振動測定装置およびアーク炉の構造 |
BR112012029859A BR112012029859A2 (pt) | 2010-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | método para operação de uma fornalha de arco, dispositivo de mensuração de oscilação para um eletrodo de arco e disposição para uma fornalha de arco |
CA2799466A CA2799466A1 (en) | 2010-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | Method operating an arc furnace, oscillation measurement device for an arc electrode and arrangement for an arc furnace |
US13/684,693 US20130083819A1 (en) | 2010-05-25 | 2012-11-26 | Method for operating an arc furnace, oscillation measurement device for an arc electrode and configuration for an arc furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010029289.3 | 2010-05-25 | ||
DE102010029289A DE102010029289A1 (de) | 2010-05-25 | 2010-05-25 | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Lichtbogenofens, Schwingungsmesseinrichtung für eine Lichtbogenelektrode und Anordnung für einen Lichtbogen |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/684,693 Continuation US20130083819A1 (en) | 2010-05-25 | 2012-11-26 | Method for operating an arc furnace, oscillation measurement device for an arc electrode and configuration for an arc furnace |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011147869A1 true WO2011147869A1 (de) | 2011-12-01 |
Family
ID=44119247
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2011/058558 WO2011147869A1 (de) | 2010-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | Verfahren zum betreiben eines lichtbogenofens, schwingungsmesseinrichtung für eine lichtbogenelektrode und anordnung für einen lichtbogenofen |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130083819A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2576847A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2013532229A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20130045869A (de) |
CN (1) | CN102959094A (de) |
BR (1) | BR112012029859A2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2799466A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102010029289A1 (de) |
MX (1) | MX2012013561A (de) |
RU (1) | RU2012156164A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2011147869A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014044662A2 (de) | 2012-09-24 | 2014-03-27 | Sms Siemag Ag | Verfahren zum betreiben eines lichtbogenofens |
KR101417916B1 (ko) | 2012-02-08 | 2014-07-10 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | 부도체 감지 가능한 전기로 시스템 |
DE102019006960A1 (de) * | 2019-10-07 | 2021-04-08 | ABP lnduction Systems GmbH | Verfahren zur Überwachung des Funktionszustandes eines Induktionstiegelofens und Induktionstiegelofen |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2636978A1 (de) * | 2012-03-06 | 2013-09-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Lichtbogenofens und Schmelzanlage mit einem nach diesem Verfahren betriebenen Lichtbogenofen |
EP2883419B1 (de) * | 2012-08-09 | 2017-03-08 | Graftech International Holdings Inc. | System zur überwachung des elektrodenverbrauchs |
GB201411995D0 (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-08-20 | Aes Eng Ltd | Monitoring device |
PL434866A1 (pl) * | 2020-08-12 | 2022-02-14 | Amazemet Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością | Układ ultradźwiękowy do pracy w wysokiej temperaturze i sposób obróbki ciekłych metali i ich stopów |
DE102021114588A1 (de) | 2021-06-07 | 2022-12-08 | Elpro Gmbh | System und verfahren zur detektion eines lichtbogens |
JP2024059590A (ja) * | 2022-10-18 | 2024-05-01 | エーエムアイ インターナショナル エスエーピーアイ デ シー.ブイ. | 電極振動検出モジュール及び電極振動検出方法 |
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EP2302080A1 (de) * | 2009-09-29 | 2011-03-30 | SMS Siemag Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Erzeugung einer Schaumschlacke in einer metallischen Schmelze |
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US6466605B1 (en) * | 2000-06-20 | 2002-10-15 | Electro-Pyrolysis, Inc. | Concentric electrode DC arc system and their use in processing waste materials |
DE19636279A1 (de) * | 1996-09-06 | 1998-03-12 | Badische Stahl Eng | Messung von Schwingungen einer Elektrode eines Lichtbogenofens |
DE19949330C2 (de) * | 1999-10-13 | 2001-12-06 | Sms Demag Ag | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Einhüllung eines Lichtbogens |
-
2010
- 2010-05-25 DE DE102010029289A patent/DE102010029289A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2011
- 2011-05-25 CN CN2011800260874A patent/CN102959094A/zh active Pending
- 2011-05-25 CA CA2799466A patent/CA2799466A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-05-25 MX MX2012013561A patent/MX2012013561A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-05-25 RU RU2012156164/02A patent/RU2012156164A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-05-25 BR BR112012029859A patent/BR112012029859A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-05-25 WO PCT/EP2011/058558 patent/WO2011147869A1/de active Application Filing
- 2011-05-25 JP JP2013511669A patent/JP2013532229A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-05-25 KR KR1020127033628A patent/KR20130045869A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-05-25 EP EP11722792.6A patent/EP2576847A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-11-26 US US13/684,693 patent/US20130083819A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
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DE4425089C1 (de) * | 1994-07-15 | 1996-01-11 | Hamburger Stahlwerke Gmbh | Verfahren zur Steuerung der Schaumschlackebildung im Drehstromlichtbogenofen |
WO2007009924A1 (de) * | 2005-07-22 | 2007-01-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur bestimmung mindestens einer zustandsgrösse eines elektrolichtbogenofens und elektrolichtbogenofen |
EP2302080A1 (de) * | 2009-09-29 | 2011-03-30 | SMS Siemag Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Erzeugung einer Schaumschlacke in einer metallischen Schmelze |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101417916B1 (ko) | 2012-02-08 | 2014-07-10 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | 부도체 감지 가능한 전기로 시스템 |
WO2014044662A2 (de) | 2012-09-24 | 2014-03-27 | Sms Siemag Ag | Verfahren zum betreiben eines lichtbogenofens |
WO2014044662A3 (de) * | 2012-09-24 | 2014-06-12 | Sms Siemag Ag | Verfahren zum betreiben eines lichtbogenofens |
DE102019006960A1 (de) * | 2019-10-07 | 2021-04-08 | ABP lnduction Systems GmbH | Verfahren zur Überwachung des Funktionszustandes eines Induktionstiegelofens und Induktionstiegelofen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2576847A1 (de) | 2013-04-10 |
US20130083819A1 (en) | 2013-04-04 |
JP2013532229A (ja) | 2013-08-15 |
CN102959094A (zh) | 2013-03-06 |
MX2012013561A (es) | 2013-01-24 |
RU2012156164A (ru) | 2014-06-27 |
KR20130045869A (ko) | 2013-05-06 |
DE102010029289A1 (de) | 2011-12-01 |
BR112012029859A2 (pt) | 2016-08-09 |
CA2799466A1 (en) | 2011-12-01 |
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