WO2011147416A2 - Composant de turbine éolienne comprenant une couche de surface pour empêcher l'adhésion de glace - Google Patents

Composant de turbine éolienne comprenant une couche de surface pour empêcher l'adhésion de glace Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011147416A2
WO2011147416A2 PCT/DK2011/050169 DK2011050169W WO2011147416A2 WO 2011147416 A2 WO2011147416 A2 WO 2011147416A2 DK 2011050169 W DK2011050169 W DK 2011050169W WO 2011147416 A2 WO2011147416 A2 WO 2011147416A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind turbine
surface layer
turbine component
component according
ice
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK2011/050169
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2011147416A3 (fr
Inventor
Premkumar Jeromerajan
Srikanth Narasimalu
Original Assignee
Vestas Wind Systems A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vestas Wind Systems A/S filed Critical Vestas Wind Systems A/S
Publication of WO2011147416A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011147416A2/fr
Publication of WO2011147416A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011147416A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/40—Ice detection; De-icing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/90—Coating; Surface treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wind turbine component having a surface layer to prevent adhesion of ice and to a method for preventing ice formation on a wind turbine component.
  • Wind turbines are exposed to various impacts and they are typically designed to resist the worst imaginable conditions.
  • Formation of ice, moist, or dirt on the nacelle and tower of a wind turbine may increase the weight and shape of these components and necessitate an increased strength of the carrying structure.
  • formation on the wind turbine blades and rotor may change the aerodynamic properties of the wind turbine and thus decrease the efficiency of the turbine.
  • EP 0 772 514 discloses self-cleaning surfaces having a surface structure of elevations and depressions. At least the elevations are made of hydrophobic polymers or materials made durably hydrophobic.
  • the invention provides a wind turbine component having a surface layer forming an outer surface of the component, providing a contact angle to water of above 100 degrees, and being made from a super-hydrophobic polymer material, to prevent adhesion of ice.
  • the contact angle is defined as the angle at which a liquid/vapor interface meets a solid surface. If a liquid drop is very strongly attracted to the solid surface, the droplet will completely spread out on the solid surface and the contact angle will be close to 0°. However some materials with a rough surface or made from a hydrophobic material may have water contact angle greater than 100°.
  • hydrophobic material herein covers any kind of material lacking affinity to water and tending to repel and not absorb water. The term also covers materials which tend not to dissolve in, mix with, or be wetted by water.
  • the surface layer may comprise a material selected from the group consisting of: fluoro, silicone, and epoxy compounds, e.g. Teflon, fluoropolyurethane, fluorosilicate, siliconised polyurethane, epoxyfluoroinated compound, siliconised polyurea, etc., or any combination hereof.
  • fluoro silicone
  • epoxy compounds e.g. Teflon, fluoropolyurethane, fluorosilicate, siliconised polyurethane, epoxyfluoroinated compound, siliconised polyurea, etc., or any combination hereof.
  • the surface layer may comprise an adhesive surface providing bonding to a surface of a fibre composite element of the component with a bonding strength in the range of 1-8 MPa, such as 2-5 MPa.
  • the surface layer may be elastic so that it relatively easily can be shaped to follow the outer shape of the wind turbine component when being attached hereto.
  • the weight increase of the wind turbine component may be seen as negligible.
  • aerodynamic changes may be seen as negligible, thereby allowing for at wind turbine component practically without changes in weight and surface shape when applying the surface layer.
  • the surface layer may have a texture with a roughness in the range of 10-100 microns. Due to the texture, the surface layer may act as a Lotus leaf and thereby prevent ice formation even further.
  • the Lotus leaf effect refers to the very high water repellence (super- hydrophobicity) exhibited by the leaves of the lotus flower. Due to their high surface tension, water droplets tend to minimize their surface trying to achieve a spherical shape. On contact with a surface, adhesion forces may result in wetting of the surface. Either complete or incomplete wetting may occur depending on the structure of the surface and the fluid tension of the droplet.
  • the cause of self-cleaning properties is the hydrophobic water-repellent double structure of the surface. This enables the contact area and the adhesion force between surface and droplet to be significantly reduced resulting in a self-cleaning process, and thereby improving prevention of ice formation .
  • the texture of the surface layer may comprise a uniform pattern of elevated areas.
  • the uniform pattern may be formed by solid particles distributed in a liquid slurry which may subsequently be solidified.
  • the bonding of the particles may be relatively flexible, as the liquid slurry may form the contact to the wind turbine component without separate contact between the solid particles and the wind turbine component.
  • the liquid slurry may be made of either a hydrophilic material, such as organo silane, or a solvent, such as water, alcohol, etc.
  • a hydrophilic material such as organo silane
  • a solvent such as water, alcohol, etc.
  • the liquid slurry may also be made of combinations hereof.
  • the solid particles may comprise particles made from a material selected from the group consisting of: fluoro, silicone, and epoxy, or any combination hereof.
  • the wind turbine component may form housing for the drive train and generator, i .e. a so called nacelle for the wind turbine.
  • the component may form part of the tower, or form the entire tower to prevent icing of the tower, or the component may form part of the rotor or rotor blades.
  • the invention may protect against dimensional changes due to icing and thus reduced efficiency due to the changed aerodynamic shape of the blades. Specific areas of the blades may be more important than other areas of the blades, and an outer surface of the surface layer may thus form an outer surface of a trailing and/or a leading edge of a wind turbine blade.
  • the surface layer may be an advantage at least to provide the surface layer on the trailing edge of the blade, or on the trailing edge and on the side surfaces towards the leading edge, e.g. to cover 25-50 percent of the total outer surface of the blades.
  • the surface layer may be peel-able from an exterior surface of the component without destruction of the exterior surface.
  • bonding of particles may be relatively flexible when forming a pattern by solid particles in a liquid slurry. This may be obtained by primarily forming the contact to the wind turbine component by the liquid slurry without separate contact between the solid particles and the wind turbine component.
  • the surface layer may act as paint protection and rust protection for the wind turbine component at areas covered by the surface layer. This may prolong the life of painting covering the wind turbine component.
  • the surface layer may be combined with at least one heating element embedded in or attached to the wind turbine component below the surface layer.
  • an element providing mechanical movement of the component may form part of the component.
  • the mechanical movement may be in the form of high frequency vibrations, as vibrations may reduce the ability of adhesion of ice.
  • the invention provides a method of preventing ice formation on a wind turbine component, the method comprising the step of applying a surface layer providing a contact angle to water of above 100 degrees, and being made from a super-hydrophobic polymer material to an exterior surface of the component.
  • the above-mentioned features of the first aspect of the invention may also be applicable in relation to the method of preventing ice formation according to the second aspect of the invention.
  • the second aspect may comprise any combination of features and elements of the first aspect of the invention .
  • the exterior surface of the wind turbine component may be treated with a laser beam before the surface layer is applied.
  • the surface layer may be removed from the exterior surface after 1-5 years from the date where it was applied to the exterior surface. Subsequently, a new surface layer may be applied.
  • bonding of particles is relatively flexible when forming a pattern by solid particles in a liquid slurry. This may be obtained by primarily forming the contact to the wind turbine component by the liquid slurry without separate contact between the solid particles and the wind turbine component.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates schematically an enlarged view of a part of four different embodiments of wind turbine component having a surface layer providing a contact angle to water of above 100 degrees
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a wind turbine blade according to the invention. Detailed description of the drawings
  • Fig. 1 illustrates schematically an enlarged view of a part of four different embodiments of wind turbine component 1 having a surface layer 2 forming an outer surface of the component, providing a contact angle o to water of above 100 degrees, and being made from a super-hydrophobic polymer material, to prevent adhesion of ice. Water is illustrated as a water droplet 3.
  • the surface layer 2 has a texture with a roughness in the range of 10-100 microns.
  • the texture comprises a uniform pattern of elevated areas.
  • the four embodiments schematically illustrate four different patterns.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a wind turbine component 1 in the form of a wind turbine blade.
  • the surface layer 2 covers a part of the total outer surface of the blade 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un composant de turbine éolienne comprenant une couche de surface qui forme une surface extérieure du composant. La couche de surface fournit un angle de contact avec l'eau supérieur à 100 degrés et est fabriquée à partir d'un matériau polymère super-hydrophobe pour empêcher l'adhésion de glace.
PCT/DK2011/050169 2010-05-26 2011-05-24 Composant de turbine éolienne comprenant une couche de surface pour empêcher l'adhésion de glace WO2011147416A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US34846210P 2010-05-26 2010-05-26
DKPA201070217 2010-05-26
DKPA201070217 2010-05-26
US61/348,462 2010-05-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011147416A2 true WO2011147416A2 (fr) 2011-12-01
WO2011147416A3 WO2011147416A3 (fr) 2012-03-22

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK2011/050169 WO2011147416A2 (fr) 2010-05-26 2011-05-24 Composant de turbine éolienne comprenant une couche de surface pour empêcher l'adhésion de glace

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2011147416A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140166473A1 (en) * 2012-12-17 2014-06-19 General Electric Company Erosion and corrosion resistant components and methods thereof
WO2018059763A1 (fr) * 2016-09-30 2018-04-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Capuchon de protection pour protéger un bord d'attaque d'une pale de rotor d'éolienne

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105761606A (zh) * 2016-05-12 2016-07-13 湖南科技大学 一种风机结冰模拟系统及其模拟方法

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0772514A1 (fr) 1994-07-29 1997-05-14 Wilhelm Barthlott Surfaces autonettoyantes d'objets et leur procede de production

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2036213C1 (ru) * 1992-10-14 1995-05-27 Смирнов Александр Витальевич Состав для модификации твердых поверхностей
DE29805833U1 (de) * 1998-03-31 1998-10-08 Holger Mueller Fa Ausbildung der Oberfläche eines Rotorblattes einer Windkraftanlage
JP4147003B2 (ja) * 1998-12-09 2008-09-10 アロイス・ヴォベン 風力装置用ロータブレード
EP1750018A3 (fr) * 2005-08-03 2011-12-14 General Electric Company Surfaces et articles resistants à l'impacte de liquides
EP1844863A1 (fr) * 2006-04-12 2007-10-17 General Electric Company Article ayant une surface de mouillabilité réduite et sa méthode de production
DE102006046368A1 (de) * 2006-09-29 2008-04-03 Construction Research & Technology Gmbh Funktionalisiertes Polyurethanharz, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung
EP2098359A1 (fr) * 2008-03-04 2009-09-09 Lm Glasfiber A/S Régénération de propriétés de surface pour composites

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0772514A1 (fr) 1994-07-29 1997-05-14 Wilhelm Barthlott Surfaces autonettoyantes d'objets et leur procede de production

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140166473A1 (en) * 2012-12-17 2014-06-19 General Electric Company Erosion and corrosion resistant components and methods thereof
WO2018059763A1 (fr) * 2016-09-30 2018-04-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Capuchon de protection pour protéger un bord d'attaque d'une pale de rotor d'éolienne

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011147416A3 (fr) 2012-03-22

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