WO2011147416A2 - Composant de turbine éolienne comprenant une couche de surface pour empêcher l'adhésion de glace - Google Patents
Composant de turbine éolienne comprenant une couche de surface pour empêcher l'adhésion de glace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011147416A2 WO2011147416A2 PCT/DK2011/050169 DK2011050169W WO2011147416A2 WO 2011147416 A2 WO2011147416 A2 WO 2011147416A2 DK 2011050169 W DK2011050169 W DK 2011050169W WO 2011147416 A2 WO2011147416 A2 WO 2011147416A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wind turbine
- surface layer
- turbine component
- component according
- ice
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920001600 hydrophobic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 Teflon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N flonicamid Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=NC=C1C(=O)NCC#N RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940104869 fluorosilicate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/40—Ice detection; De-icing means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2230/00—Manufacture
- F05B2230/90—Coating; Surface treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wind turbine component having a surface layer to prevent adhesion of ice and to a method for preventing ice formation on a wind turbine component.
- Wind turbines are exposed to various impacts and they are typically designed to resist the worst imaginable conditions.
- Formation of ice, moist, or dirt on the nacelle and tower of a wind turbine may increase the weight and shape of these components and necessitate an increased strength of the carrying structure.
- formation on the wind turbine blades and rotor may change the aerodynamic properties of the wind turbine and thus decrease the efficiency of the turbine.
- EP 0 772 514 discloses self-cleaning surfaces having a surface structure of elevations and depressions. At least the elevations are made of hydrophobic polymers or materials made durably hydrophobic.
- the invention provides a wind turbine component having a surface layer forming an outer surface of the component, providing a contact angle to water of above 100 degrees, and being made from a super-hydrophobic polymer material, to prevent adhesion of ice.
- the contact angle is defined as the angle at which a liquid/vapor interface meets a solid surface. If a liquid drop is very strongly attracted to the solid surface, the droplet will completely spread out on the solid surface and the contact angle will be close to 0°. However some materials with a rough surface or made from a hydrophobic material may have water contact angle greater than 100°.
- hydrophobic material herein covers any kind of material lacking affinity to water and tending to repel and not absorb water. The term also covers materials which tend not to dissolve in, mix with, or be wetted by water.
- the surface layer may comprise a material selected from the group consisting of: fluoro, silicone, and epoxy compounds, e.g. Teflon, fluoropolyurethane, fluorosilicate, siliconised polyurethane, epoxyfluoroinated compound, siliconised polyurea, etc., or any combination hereof.
- fluoro silicone
- epoxy compounds e.g. Teflon, fluoropolyurethane, fluorosilicate, siliconised polyurethane, epoxyfluoroinated compound, siliconised polyurea, etc., or any combination hereof.
- the surface layer may comprise an adhesive surface providing bonding to a surface of a fibre composite element of the component with a bonding strength in the range of 1-8 MPa, such as 2-5 MPa.
- the surface layer may be elastic so that it relatively easily can be shaped to follow the outer shape of the wind turbine component when being attached hereto.
- the weight increase of the wind turbine component may be seen as negligible.
- aerodynamic changes may be seen as negligible, thereby allowing for at wind turbine component practically without changes in weight and surface shape when applying the surface layer.
- the surface layer may have a texture with a roughness in the range of 10-100 microns. Due to the texture, the surface layer may act as a Lotus leaf and thereby prevent ice formation even further.
- the Lotus leaf effect refers to the very high water repellence (super- hydrophobicity) exhibited by the leaves of the lotus flower. Due to their high surface tension, water droplets tend to minimize their surface trying to achieve a spherical shape. On contact with a surface, adhesion forces may result in wetting of the surface. Either complete or incomplete wetting may occur depending on the structure of the surface and the fluid tension of the droplet.
- the cause of self-cleaning properties is the hydrophobic water-repellent double structure of the surface. This enables the contact area and the adhesion force between surface and droplet to be significantly reduced resulting in a self-cleaning process, and thereby improving prevention of ice formation .
- the texture of the surface layer may comprise a uniform pattern of elevated areas.
- the uniform pattern may be formed by solid particles distributed in a liquid slurry which may subsequently be solidified.
- the bonding of the particles may be relatively flexible, as the liquid slurry may form the contact to the wind turbine component without separate contact between the solid particles and the wind turbine component.
- the liquid slurry may be made of either a hydrophilic material, such as organo silane, or a solvent, such as water, alcohol, etc.
- a hydrophilic material such as organo silane
- a solvent such as water, alcohol, etc.
- the liquid slurry may also be made of combinations hereof.
- the solid particles may comprise particles made from a material selected from the group consisting of: fluoro, silicone, and epoxy, or any combination hereof.
- the wind turbine component may form housing for the drive train and generator, i .e. a so called nacelle for the wind turbine.
- the component may form part of the tower, or form the entire tower to prevent icing of the tower, or the component may form part of the rotor or rotor blades.
- the invention may protect against dimensional changes due to icing and thus reduced efficiency due to the changed aerodynamic shape of the blades. Specific areas of the blades may be more important than other areas of the blades, and an outer surface of the surface layer may thus form an outer surface of a trailing and/or a leading edge of a wind turbine blade.
- the surface layer may be an advantage at least to provide the surface layer on the trailing edge of the blade, or on the trailing edge and on the side surfaces towards the leading edge, e.g. to cover 25-50 percent of the total outer surface of the blades.
- the surface layer may be peel-able from an exterior surface of the component without destruction of the exterior surface.
- bonding of particles may be relatively flexible when forming a pattern by solid particles in a liquid slurry. This may be obtained by primarily forming the contact to the wind turbine component by the liquid slurry without separate contact between the solid particles and the wind turbine component.
- the surface layer may act as paint protection and rust protection for the wind turbine component at areas covered by the surface layer. This may prolong the life of painting covering the wind turbine component.
- the surface layer may be combined with at least one heating element embedded in or attached to the wind turbine component below the surface layer.
- an element providing mechanical movement of the component may form part of the component.
- the mechanical movement may be in the form of high frequency vibrations, as vibrations may reduce the ability of adhesion of ice.
- the invention provides a method of preventing ice formation on a wind turbine component, the method comprising the step of applying a surface layer providing a contact angle to water of above 100 degrees, and being made from a super-hydrophobic polymer material to an exterior surface of the component.
- the above-mentioned features of the first aspect of the invention may also be applicable in relation to the method of preventing ice formation according to the second aspect of the invention.
- the second aspect may comprise any combination of features and elements of the first aspect of the invention .
- the exterior surface of the wind turbine component may be treated with a laser beam before the surface layer is applied.
- the surface layer may be removed from the exterior surface after 1-5 years from the date where it was applied to the exterior surface. Subsequently, a new surface layer may be applied.
- bonding of particles is relatively flexible when forming a pattern by solid particles in a liquid slurry. This may be obtained by primarily forming the contact to the wind turbine component by the liquid slurry without separate contact between the solid particles and the wind turbine component.
- Fig. 1 illustrates schematically an enlarged view of a part of four different embodiments of wind turbine component having a surface layer providing a contact angle to water of above 100 degrees
- Fig. 2 illustrates a wind turbine blade according to the invention. Detailed description of the drawings
- Fig. 1 illustrates schematically an enlarged view of a part of four different embodiments of wind turbine component 1 having a surface layer 2 forming an outer surface of the component, providing a contact angle o to water of above 100 degrees, and being made from a super-hydrophobic polymer material, to prevent adhesion of ice. Water is illustrated as a water droplet 3.
- the surface layer 2 has a texture with a roughness in the range of 10-100 microns.
- the texture comprises a uniform pattern of elevated areas.
- the four embodiments schematically illustrate four different patterns.
- Fig. 2 illustrates a wind turbine component 1 in the form of a wind turbine blade.
- the surface layer 2 covers a part of the total outer surface of the blade 1.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un composant de turbine éolienne comprenant une couche de surface qui forme une surface extérieure du composant. La couche de surface fournit un angle de contact avec l'eau supérieur à 100 degrés et est fabriquée à partir d'un matériau polymère super-hydrophobe pour empêcher l'adhésion de glace.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US34846210P | 2010-05-26 | 2010-05-26 | |
US61/348,462 | 2010-05-26 | ||
DKPA201070217 | 2010-05-26 | ||
DKPA201070217 | 2010-05-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011147416A2 true WO2011147416A2 (fr) | 2011-12-01 |
WO2011147416A3 WO2011147416A3 (fr) | 2012-03-22 |
Family
ID=44626706
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DK2011/050169 WO2011147416A2 (fr) | 2010-05-26 | 2011-05-24 | Composant de turbine éolienne comprenant une couche de surface pour empêcher l'adhésion de glace |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
WO (1) | WO2011147416A2 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20140166473A1 (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2014-06-19 | General Electric Company | Erosion and corrosion resistant components and methods thereof |
WO2018059763A1 (fr) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Capuchon de protection pour protéger un bord d'attaque d'une pale de rotor d'éolienne |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105761606A (zh) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-07-13 | 湖南科技大学 | 一种风机结冰模拟系统及其模拟方法 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0772514A1 (fr) | 1994-07-29 | 1997-05-14 | Wilhelm Barthlott | Surfaces autonettoyantes d'objets et leur procede de production |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2036213C1 (ru) * | 1992-10-14 | 1995-05-27 | Смирнов Александр Витальевич | Состав для модификации твердых поверхностей |
DE29805833U1 (de) * | 1998-03-31 | 1998-10-08 | Fa. Holger Müller, 01855 Sebnitz | Ausbildung der Oberfläche eines Rotorblattes einer Windkraftanlage |
JP4147003B2 (ja) * | 1998-12-09 | 2008-09-10 | アロイス・ヴォベン | 風力装置用ロータブレード |
EP1750018A3 (fr) * | 2005-08-03 | 2011-12-14 | General Electric Company | Surfaces et articles resistants à l'impacte de liquides |
EP1844863A1 (fr) * | 2006-04-12 | 2007-10-17 | General Electric Company | Article ayant une surface de mouillabilité réduite et sa méthode de production |
DE102006046368A1 (de) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-03 | Construction Research & Technology Gmbh | Funktionalisiertes Polyurethanharz, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung |
EP2098359A1 (fr) * | 2008-03-04 | 2009-09-09 | Lm Glasfiber A/S | Régénération de propriétés de surface pour composites |
-
2011
- 2011-05-24 WO PCT/DK2011/050169 patent/WO2011147416A2/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0772514A1 (fr) | 1994-07-29 | 1997-05-14 | Wilhelm Barthlott | Surfaces autonettoyantes d'objets et leur procede de production |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20140166473A1 (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2014-06-19 | General Electric Company | Erosion and corrosion resistant components and methods thereof |
WO2018059763A1 (fr) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Capuchon de protection pour protéger un bord d'attaque d'une pale de rotor d'éolienne |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2011147416A3 (fr) | 2012-03-22 |
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