WO2011144509A2 - Équilibrage de batterie inductif à complexité de montage réduite - Google Patents

Équilibrage de batterie inductif à complexité de montage réduite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011144509A2
WO2011144509A2 PCT/EP2011/057583 EP2011057583W WO2011144509A2 WO 2011144509 A2 WO2011144509 A2 WO 2011144509A2 EP 2011057583 W EP2011057583 W EP 2011057583W WO 2011144509 A2 WO2011144509 A2 WO 2011144509A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
terminal
switches
discharge element
discharge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/057583
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2011144509A3 (fr
Inventor
Werner Schiemann
Stefan Butzmann
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Sb Limotive Company Ltd.
Sb Limotive Germany Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh, Sb Limotive Company Ltd., Sb Limotive Germany Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2011144509A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011144509A2/fr
Publication of WO2011144509A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011144509A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a circuit for a battery, which allows for reduced circuit complexity inductive cell balancing.
  • the invention also relates to a battery with such a circuit and a motor vehicle with an electric drive motor and such a battery.
  • the battery cells Due to chemical processes during the charging and discharging processes of the battery, the battery cells age. For example, a battery cell ages due to minimal deviations in dimensioning or chemical
  • FIG. 1 shows a conventional battery which enables such cell balancing.
  • the n battery cells 10-1 to 10-n can be connected in parallel via a respective switch 20-1 to 20-n, a resistor 30-1 to 30-n to selectively discharge any battery cell by a desired amount.
  • FIGS. 2 and 6 of US 2007/0090799 A1 show switch configurations which, however, have a disadvantageously high cost of 2 * n and more switches.
  • the electrical energy taken from a battery cell can not be supplied to any other battery cell and is therefore lost.
  • a circuit is provided for a battery having a number n of battery cells which has a discharge element, a
  • the n battery cells are connected in series between a positive battery terminal and a negative battery terminal such that there are a number of (n-1) connection points between the n battery cells, where n is a natural number greater than one.
  • the discharge element has a first connection connected or connectable to a first discharge line and a second connection connected or connectable to a second discharge line.
  • the plurality of switches is connectable between the battery cells and the first and second terminals of the discharge element.
  • the control unit is configured to select one of the n battery cells by outputting
  • the circuit has a with the
  • Discharge element connected in series current measuring unit.
  • the discharge element has a capacitor and a coil, which between the first
  • the control unit is designed during a first time period connect a first selected battery cell of the n battery cells to the discharge element and again disconnect it from the discharge element at a switchover time and to connect a second selected battery cell of the n battery cells to the discharge element during a second time period immediately following the switchover time.
  • the current measuring unit is designed to measure a current flowing into the discharge element and to compare the measured current with a switching current threshold value.
  • the current measuring unit is also designed to be the control unit
  • the circuit of the invention can be combined with battery cells and batteries to form an overall system which, as a battery with integrated cell balancing function, represents a second aspect of the invention.
  • the circuit has the advantage that the one to be connected to the circuit
  • the invention advantageously uses a resonance effect by the coil of the
  • Discharge element is conductively connected to a battery cell during the first period of time, so that a current begins to flow through the coil.
  • the discharge element and thus also the coil contained therein are connected in the following second period of time with the other battery cell. Since a coil counteracts a change in the current flowing through it, during the first time period the capacitor may be charged beyond the cell voltage of the first battery cell and discharged below the cell voltage of the second battery cell during the second time period.
  • the discharge is separated according to the invention at a time from the first battery cell and connected to the second battery cell, to which the current in the discharge is zero. In the context of an actual implementation, however, it suffices because of the limited measurement accuracy, when the current is less than one
  • the plurality of switches preferably comprises a number of (n + 1) first switches connected to a first terminal each having one of (n-1)
  • Connection points or one of positive and negative battery terminal connectable and connected at a second terminal to one of the first or second discharge line.
  • connection node (as well as the two
  • Discharge lines connected. From the point of view of any battery cell, its positive pole is connected to one of the two and the negative pole to the other of the two discharge lines.
  • This embodiment of the invention has the advantage that any of the n battery cells can be optionally connected to the discharge element with the expenditure of only n + 1 first switches.
  • the number n of the battery cells may be an even number. Then, each n / 2 + 1 switches have a second connected to the first discharge line
  • Terminal and n / 2 switches on a second terminal connected to the second discharge line.
  • the number n of the battery cells may be an odd number.
  • each (n + 1) / 2 switches have a second terminal connected to the first discharge line and (n + 1) / 2 switches have a second terminal connected to the second discharge line.
  • the plurality of switches comprises four second switches, a first of which between the first terminal of the discharge and the first
  • Discharge line a second between the second port of the
  • Discharge element and the first discharge line a third between the first terminal of the discharge and the second discharge line and a fourth between the second terminal of the discharge element and the second
  • Discharge line are connected.
  • the second switches make it possible to connect the discharge element in a selectable orientation with the battery cells. Otherwise, can
  • a positive pole of a particular battery cell can only be connected to either the first or the second terminal of the discharge element.
  • this also means that the battery cells are divided into two groups and the charge transfer from one battery cell to another is possible only within a respective group.
  • the discharge element can be connected to the battery cells in a selectable orientation, it becomes possible to transfer charge from any battery cell to any other, the additional cost of which is only four switches.
  • Batteries with cell balancing according to the prior art often require 2 * n switches. Therefore, circuits according to the invention for batteries are preferred in which n is greater than 5, so that the cost of 2 * n switches is greater than the n + 1 first switch and four second switch of the invention.
  • the first and third of the second switches may have a first one
  • Changeover switch and the second and fourth of the second switch form a second changeover switch.
  • the circuit can be connected via an output side connected to the control unit and the input side to each of the battery cells
  • the voltage measuring unit is designed to determine a cell voltage of a battery cell connected to the voltage measuring unit and to output it to the control unit.
  • the control unit is designed to determine a battery cell having a maximum cell voltage of the cell voltages of the battery cells and to connect the battery cell with the maximum cell voltage by outputting corresponding control signals to the control inputs of the switch with the discharge element.
  • the control unit can advantageously use any known methods for cell balancing.
  • a battery cell with a maximum cell voltage is determined for a certain period of time Discharge connected to the discharge and then the discharged charge of a battery cell with a lower cell voltage supplied to match the cell voltages of the battery cells to each other.
  • the battery cells are particularly preferably lithium-ion battery cells.
  • Lithium-ion battery cells have a high cell voltage and a high ratio of stored energy to claimed volume.
  • a third aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle with an electric drive motor for driving the motor vehicle and one with the
  • the battery is not limited to such use, but may be used in other electrical systems.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 3 is an inventive unloading
  • Figure 4 shows a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG 2 shows a first embodiment of the invention.
  • a number of n battery cells 10-1 to 10-n are connected in series between a positive battery terminal 12 and a negative battery terminal 13, whereby (n-1)
  • connection points 1 1 -1 to 1 1 -n-1 between the n battery cells 10-1 to 10-n result.
  • the battery cells do not necessarily constitute a part of the invention itself, rather the invention is embodied in its circuitry. Even if in the following a battery with battery cells is mentioned, only the circuit may be meant, which is connected to the battery cells or to connect and the
  • This circuit can be a trade item in its own right and can only be connected to battery cells at a later time. According to the invention, only (n + 1) first switches 20-1 to 20-n + 1 are necessary in order to connect a discharge element 30 to any of the n battery cells 10-1 to 10-n. The first switches 20-1 to 20-n + 1 are
  • Discharge line 14-1 and a second discharge line 14-2 connected, which in turn are connected to respective terminals of the discharge element 30.
  • an optional current measuring unit 40 is also connected, in the example shown between the first discharge line 14-1 and the
  • any battery cell 10-m where 0 ⁇ m ⁇ n, can be connected to the discharge element 30 by closing the switches 20-m and 20-m + 1 and opening the remaining switches.
  • the switch 20-m can connect a positive pole or a negative pole of a battery cell to the discharge line 14-1 or 14-2 associated with the switch 20-m, so that, depending on which battery cell 10-1 to 10 -n to be unloaded, from the perspective of the discharge element 30 different signs of the
  • Discharge element 30 adjacent cell voltage can result.
  • FIG. 3 shows an unloading element according to the invention.
  • the discharge element comprises a coil 31 and a capacitor 32, which are connected in series between a first and a second terminal of the discharge element.
  • Discharge element can now be connected to another battery cell to charge it with the energy removed from the first battery cell. Since the voltage across the capacitor 32 due to the resonance effect is greater than that of the previously discharged battery cell (and therefore inevitably higher than that of the battery cell to be charged), now begins to flow a current from the capacitor 32 through the coil in the battery cell to be charged. Apart from unavoidable losses due to non-ideal components, in this way energy can be transferred from one battery cell to another battery cell, without that of a battery cell with higher cell voltage
  • Figure 4 shows a second embodiment of the invention, which largely corresponds in structure to the first embodiment, which is why repetitive descriptions should be omitted here.
  • Embodiment additionally has four second switches, which are executed in the example as two changeover switches 25-1 and 25-2 by the
  • the discharge member 30 can be connected in a selectable orientation with the battery cells 10-1 to 10-n, which in turn results in that energy can be transferred from any battery cell 10-1 to 10-n to each other. Due to the reduced complexity of first switches 20-1 to 20-n + 1, otherwise the battery cells 10-1 to 10-n are subdivided into two groups, for each of which an energy transfer would only be possible within one group.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un montage destiné à une batterie présentant un nombre n de piles de batterie (10-1,..., 10-n) et comprenant un élément de décharge (30), une pluralité de commutateurs (20-1,..., 20-n+1; 25-1, 25-2) et une unité de commande. Les n piles de batterie (10-1,..., 10-n) sont montées en série entre une borne de batterie positive (12) et une borne de batterie négative (13) de sorte que l'on obtient un nombre (n-1) de points de connexion (11-1,..., 11-n-1) entre les n piles de batterie (10-1,..., 10-n), n étant un nombre naturel supérieur à 1. L'élément de décharge (30) présente une première connexion qui est reliée ou peut être reliée à une première ligne de décharge (14-1) et une seconde connexion qui est reliée ou peut être reliée à une seconde ligne de décharge (14-2). La pluralité de commutateurs (20-1,..., 20-n+1; 25-1, 25-2) peut être connectée entre les piles de batterie (10-1,..., 10-n) et la première ou la seconde connexion de l'élément de décharge (30). L'unité de commande est conçue pour relier de façon conductrice au choix l'une des n piles de batterie (10-1,..., 10-n) à l'élément de décharge (30) par émission de signaux de commande à l'intention des entrées de commande des commutateurs (20-1,..., 20-n+1; 25-1, 25-2). Selon l'invention, le montage dispose d'une unité de mesure de courant (40) connectée en série avec l'élément de décharge (30). L'élément de décharge (30) possède un condensateur (32) et une bobine (31) qui sont connectés en série entre la première connexion et la seconde connexion de l'élément de décharge (30). L'unité de commande est selon l'invention conçue pour relier au choix une première pile de batterie des n piles de batterie (10-1,..., 10-n) à l'élément de décharge (30) pendant un premier intervalle de temps, puis pour la déconnecter de l'élément de décharge (30) à un instant de commutation, et relier au choix une deuxième pile de batterie des n piles de batterie (10-1,..., 10-n) à l'élément de décharge (30) au cours d'un deuxième intervalle de temps qui succède directement à l'instant de commutation. L'unité de mesure de courant (40) est selon l'invention conçue pour mesurer un courant qui traverse l'élément de décharge (30) et comparer le courant mesuré à une valeur seuil de courant de commutation. L'unité de mesure de courant (40) est également conçue pour indiquer l'instant de commutation à l'unité de commande lorsque le courant mesuré est inférieur à la valeur seuil de courant de commutation. L'invention a également pour objet une batterie comprenant un tel montage.
PCT/EP2011/057583 2010-05-17 2011-05-11 Équilibrage de batterie inductif à complexité de montage réduite WO2011144509A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010029015A DE102010029015A1 (de) 2010-05-17 2010-05-17 Induktives Batterie-Balancing mit reduziertem Schaltungsaufwand
DE102010029015.7 2010-05-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011144509A2 true WO2011144509A2 (fr) 2011-11-24
WO2011144509A3 WO2011144509A3 (fr) 2012-04-12

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DE (1) DE102010029015A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011144509A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104167782A (zh) * 2014-08-05 2014-11-26 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 用于混合动力摩托车不同动力下的蓄电池切换电路
US9472961B2 (en) 2013-02-25 2016-10-18 Semiconductor Components Industries, Llc Method of forming a balancing circuit for a plurality of battery cells and structure therefor
DE102016218160A1 (de) 2016-09-21 2018-03-22 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Zuführen von Energie zu einer Mehrzahl von Energiespeicherbauteilen und/oder zum Bereitstellen von in den Energiespeicherbauteilen gespeicherter Energie
CN112332476A (zh) * 2020-10-20 2021-02-05 西安工程大学 一种串联电池组中单体电池极性自动切换电路

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DE102018221099A1 (de) * 2018-12-06 2020-06-10 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Umladevorrichtung, Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Umladevorrichtung und Fahrzeug
DE102019217303A1 (de) * 2019-11-08 2021-05-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Batteriemoduls, Batteriemodul für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Kraftfahrzeug
DE102020204400A1 (de) 2020-04-03 2021-10-07 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Umladevorrichtung, Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Umladevorrichtung und Fahrzeug
DE102020204392A1 (de) 2020-04-03 2021-10-07 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Umladevorrichtung, Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Umladevorrichtung und Fahrzeug

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EP1568114B1 (fr) * 2002-11-25 2013-01-16 Tiax Llc Systeme d'equilibrage de cellules destine a egaliser l'etat de charge parmi des unites de stockage d'energie electrique connectees en serie
US20070001651A1 (en) * 2004-07-02 2007-01-04 Harvey Troy A Distributed networks of electric double layer capacitor supervisory controllers and networks thereof
DE102007023023A1 (de) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-27 Siemens Ag Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Energiespeicheranordnung
US20090195079A1 (en) * 2008-01-31 2009-08-06 Jens Barrenscheen Circuit for equalizing charge unbalances in storage cells

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070090799A1 (en) 2005-04-15 2007-04-26 Lee Dal H Switching circuit for balancing of battery cell

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9472961B2 (en) 2013-02-25 2016-10-18 Semiconductor Components Industries, Llc Method of forming a balancing circuit for a plurality of battery cells and structure therefor
US10566804B2 (en) 2013-02-25 2020-02-18 Semiconductor Components Industries, Llc Method of forming a balancing circuit for a plurality of battery cells
CN104167782A (zh) * 2014-08-05 2014-11-26 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 用于混合动力摩托车不同动力下的蓄电池切换电路
DE102016218160A1 (de) 2016-09-21 2018-03-22 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Zuführen von Energie zu einer Mehrzahl von Energiespeicherbauteilen und/oder zum Bereitstellen von in den Energiespeicherbauteilen gespeicherter Energie
WO2018054926A1 (fr) 2016-09-21 2018-03-29 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Dispositif et procédé permettant l'alimentation en énergie d'une pluralité de composants d'accumulateur d'énergie et/ou la fourniture de l'énergie stockée dans les composants d'accumulateur d'énergie
US10862315B2 (en) 2016-09-21 2020-12-08 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Device and method for supplying energy to a plurality of energy storage components and/or for providing energy stored within the energy storage components
CN112332476A (zh) * 2020-10-20 2021-02-05 西安工程大学 一种串联电池组中单体电池极性自动切换电路

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Publication number Publication date
WO2011144509A3 (fr) 2012-04-12
DE102010029015A1 (de) 2011-11-17

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