WO2011144198A4 - Transport and storage of hydrogen - Google Patents
Transport and storage of hydrogen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011144198A4 WO2011144198A4 PCT/DE2011/000422 DE2011000422W WO2011144198A4 WO 2011144198 A4 WO2011144198 A4 WO 2011144198A4 DE 2011000422 W DE2011000422 W DE 2011000422W WO 2011144198 A4 WO2011144198 A4 WO 2011144198A4
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- natural gas
- gas
- mixture
- transport
- Prior art date
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/506—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification at low temperatures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
With hydrogen as a secondary energy carrier, renewable energies are stored together with the natural gas and transported by means of the gas network. Renewable energies are more quickly available in the form of hydrogen than in the form of electricity, because new high-voltage lines do not have to be constructed. In addition, renewable energies are thus able to act as a base-load energy source. The present invention relates to the conversion of, for example, wind electricity or solar electricity into hydrogen and the introduction of said hydrogen into natural gas. Together with the natural gas, the hydrogen is stored in the natural gas field and/or transported in the natural gas network to the consumption point. Because of the physical and combustion-related differences between hydrogen and natural gas, such mixtures cannot be used in the event of an unsteady mixture ratio, such as occurs in the nature of renewable energies, without continually measuring the hydrogen content. Thus, for example, the hydrogen content must be determined immediately before combustion and the metering of the gas mixture must be adapted to the calorific value of the gas mixture. This is a measure that is required practically at every consumption point and that must be supported both technically and legally. Technically, because the gas meter measures not only volume but also the hydrogen content, for example by means of the density, and legally, because the fluctuating calorific value of a fluctuating hydrogen/natural gas mixture must be considered in the law of weights and measures. Because the processing of a fluctuating gas mixture according to the invention requires careful market preparation, it can be advantageous to accumulate the hydrogen in the natural gas field for some time while still unmixed natural gas is extracted and delivered. For this purpose, the hydrogen is introduced into the natural gas field and, as soon as hydrogen can be detected in the extracted natural gas, the hydrogen is separated from the natural gas and returned to the natural gas field. Said method variant is suitable especially where the natural gas can be separated from the gaseous hydrogen anyway as a liquefied gas. Hydrogen is returned to the field and natural gas is transported and delivered as a liquefied gas. Hydrogen from renewable energies thus can also be used advantageously to extract natural gas by displacing the natural gas in the natural gas field. By separating the hydrogen from the extracted natural gas and returning the hydrogen over a long period of time, the amount of recoverable natural gas of a field can also be increased depending on the geological structure. Natural gas, which has nearly triple the calorific value of hydrogen at the same gas volume, is flushed out of the field by the light hydrogen. Regardless of the method variant selected, the entire natural gas logistics are available to the renewable energies in the form of hydrogen at the end of the natural gas extraction. Renewable energies gradually replace the energy carrier natural gas in the field, the gas network, or in general in transport and at the load in order to then follow the natural gas. Natural gas becomes a renewable raw material - wind farms and solar farms become gas fields.
Claims
1. Verfahren zum Transport und zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Erdgas eingeleiteter Wasserstoff zusammen mit dem Erdgas als Gasgemisch mit schwankendem Wasserstoffgehalt oder mit ungleichmäßiger Verteilung des Wasserstoffes transportiert und/oder gespeichert wird und wobei an der Stelle der Verwendung oder an der Verbrauchsstelle des Gasgemisches der im Gasgemisch enthaltene Wasserstoffanteil bestimmt wird. 1. A method for the transport and storage of hydrogen, characterized in that in natural gas introduced hydrogen is transported together with the natural gas as a gas mixture with fluctuating hydrogen content or uneven distribution of hydrogen and / or stored and wherein at the point of use or at the Consumption point of the gas mixture of the hydrogen content contained in the gas mixture is determined.
2. Verfahren zum Transport und zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wasserstoffanteil durch Dichtemessung des Gasgemisches oder durch Messung der Schallgeschwindigkeit im Gasgemisch oder durch Messung der Fluidität oder des Strömungswiderstandes des Gasgemisches bestimmt wird. 2. A method for the transport and storage of hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrogen content is determined by density measurement of the gas mixture or by measuring the speed of sound in the gas mixture or by measuring the fluidity or the flow resistance of the gas mixture.
3. Verfahren zum Transport und zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Gasgemisch nach Kälteverflüssigung des Erdgasanteiles der in der Gasphase verbleibende Wasserstoff abgeleitet und bestimmt wird. 3. A method for the transport and storage of hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that is derived and determined in the gas mixture after refrigeration liquefaction of the natural gas fraction of the remaining hydrogen in the gas phase.
4. Verfahren zum Transport und zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wasserstoff aus erneuerbaren Energien hergestellt wird, wobei elektrischer Strom aus Sonnen- oder Windenergie durch Wasserelektrolyse in Wasserstoff überfuhrt wird oder der Wasserstoff aus Biomasse durch chemische Reaktion gewonnen wird. 4. A method for the transport and storage of hydrogen according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hydrogen is produced from renewable energy, wherein electric power from solar or wind energy is converted by water electrolysis in hydrogen or the hydrogen from biomass chemical reaction is obtained.
5. Verfahren zum Transport und zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wasserstoff durch chemische Umsetzung aus Erdgas oder aus dessen Komponenten gewonnen wird, dabei entstehendes Kohlendioxid abgetrennt wird und die Umsetzung von Erdgas zu Wasserstoff mit einer Vergrößerung des Gasvolumens verbunden ist. 5. A method for the transport and storage of hydrogen according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hydrogen is obtained by chemical reaction of natural gas or from its components, thereby resulting carbon dioxide is separated and the conversion of natural gas to hydrogen with a Magnification of the gas volume is connected.
GEÄNDERTES BLATT (ARTIKEL 19) 19 MODIFIED SHEET (ARTICLE 19) 19
6. Verfahren zum Transport und zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekerihzeichhet, dass der Wasserstoff dem Erdgas in der Erdgasleitung oder dem Erdgasnetz beigemischt wird. 6. A method for transporting and storing hydrogen according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized gekerihzeichhet that the hydrogen is added to the natural gas in the natural gas line or the natural gas network.
7. Verfahren zum Transport und zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wasserstoff in das Erdgas in der Erdgaslagerstätte eingeleitet wird. 7. A method for the transport and storage of hydrogen according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the hydrogen is introduced into the natural gas in the natural gas deposit.
8. Verfahren zum Transport und zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff gemäß Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zugabe des Wasserstoffes in einem höheren Bereich der Lagerstätte und die Entnahme des Erdgases oder des Erdgas-/Wasserstoffgemisches in einem tieferen Bereich der Lagerstätte erfolgt. 8. A method for transporting and storing hydrogen according to claim 7, characterized in that the addition of the hydrogen in a higher region of the deposit and the removal of the natural gas or the natural gas / hydrogen mixture takes place in a deeper region of the deposit.
9. Verfahren zum Transport und zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an Knotenpunkten des Gasnetzes, an dem zwei Erdgas-/Wasserstoffgemische zusammentreffen oder ein Erdgas- Wasserstoffgemisch mit Erdgas zusammentrifft, die zusammentreffenden Gemische vor der gemeinsamen Weiterleitung gemischt werden und/oder der Wasserstoffgehalt jedes der beiden Gasgemische gemessen wird. 9. A method for the transport and storage of hydrogen according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at nodes of the gas network, in which two natural gas / hydrogen mixtures meet or a natural gas hydrogen mixture coincides with natural gas, the coincident mixtures before the common Forwarding are mixed and / or the hydrogen content of each of the two gas mixtures is measured.
10. Verfahren zum Transport und zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bestimmung des Wasserstoffgehaltes im Gasgemisch vor der Verbrennung des Gasgemisches erfolgt und die Funktion der Brennstelle bezüglich Dosierung des Gasgemisches und bei Brennern mit geregelter Luftzuführung auch die Luftzugabe dem ermittelten Wasserstoff/Erdgas- Verhältnis angepasst wird. 10. A method for transporting and storing hydrogen according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the determination of the hydrogen content in the gas mixture takes place before the combustion of the gas mixture and the function of the burner with respect to metering of the gas mixture and burners with controlled air supply also the air addition is adjusted to the determined hydrogen / natural gas ratio.
11. Verfahren zum Transport und zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verbrauchsstelle ein Gaskraftwerk ist. 11. A method for the transport and storage of hydrogen according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the point of consumption is a gas power plant.
12. Verfahren zum Transport und zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bewertung des Wasserstoff/Erdgasgemisches über einen Gaszähler erfolgt, der neben dem verbrauchten Gasvolumen auch den Wasserstoffanteil misst. 12. A method for the transport and storage of hydrogen according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the evaluation of the hydrogen / natural gas mixture via a gas meter takes place, which measures not only the volume of gas consumed and the hydrogen content.
13. Verfahren zum Transport und zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das transportierte oder gespeicherte Gasgemisch wieder in Wasserstoff und Erdgas getrennt wird. 13. A method for the transport and storage of hydrogen according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the transported or stored gas mixture is separated again into hydrogen and natural gas.
GEÄNDERTES BLATT (ARTIKEL 19) MODIFIED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)
20 20
14. Verfahren zum Transport und zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekerthzeichhet, dass Wasserstoff in eine Erdgaslagerstätte eingeleitet wird, der Wasserstoff das Erdgas verdrängt und ausfördert und, sobald im geförderten Erdgas Wasserstoffanteile gemessen werden, der gasförmige Wasserstoff nach Kälteverflüssigung des Erdgases abgetrennt wird, das flüssige Erdgas als Flüssiggas (LNG) weiterverarbeitet wird und der gasförmige Wasserstoff zur weiteren Ausförderung in ein Gasfeld geleitet wird, wobei der Gesamtvorgang der Verflüssigung des Erdgasanteiles bezüglich der ankommenden Gasmenge und der Kühlleistung über den im Gasgemisch ermittelten Wasserstoffanteil geregelt wird. 14. A method for transporting and storing hydrogen according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized gekerkzeichhet that hydrogen is introduced into a natural gas deposit, the hydrogen displaces the natural gas and discharges and, as soon as measured in natural gas hydrogen fractions, the gaseous hydrogen after Refrigeration liquefaction of the natural gas is separated, the liquid natural gas is processed as liquefied gas (LNG) and the gaseous hydrogen is passed to further discharge in a gas field, the overall process of liquefying the natural gas fraction with respect to the incoming gas quantity and the cooling power controlled by the hydrogen content determined in the gas mixture becomes.
15. Verfahren zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass aus erneuerbaren Energien in der Umgebung von Gasfeldern gewonnener Wasserstoff in eine Erdgaslagerstätte oder eine Erdgasleitung eingeleitet wird, der Wasserstoff dort das Erdgas verdrängt oder ersetzt und gefördertes Erdgas/Wasserstoff-Gemisch durch Kälteverflüssigung des Erdgases getrennt wird und nach Ableitung des gasförmigen Wasserstoffes das Erdgas als Flüssiggas (LNG) transportiert wird und der vom verflüssigten Erdgas abgetrennte gasförmige Wasserstoff in eine Erdgaslagerstätte zurückgeleitet wird und dabei Gas in der Lagerstätte nachwächst und erneuerbare Energie in Form von Wasserstoff dem Erdgas nachfolgt. 15. A method for storing hydrogen, characterized in that from renewable energy in the vicinity of gas fields recovered hydrogen is introduced into a natural gas deposit or gas pipeline, the hydrogen displaces there natural gas or replaced and promoted natural gas / hydrogen mixture by refrigeration liquefaction of natural gas is separated and after the discharge of the gaseous hydrogen, the natural gas is transported as liquefied natural gas (LNG) and the separated from the liquefied natural gas gaseous hydrogen is returned to a natural gas deposit and thereby replenishing gas in the deposit and renewable energy in the form of hydrogen follows the natural gas.
GEÄNDERTES BLATT (ARTIKEL 19) MODIFIED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)
Applications Claiming Priority (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010020762A DE102010020762A1 (en) | 2010-05-17 | 2010-05-17 | Stabilizing and transporting renewable energies, comprises transporting the renewable energy in a vicinity of its point of origin as an electrical energy, feeding the produced hydrogen, and subsequently determining current gas composition |
| DE102010020762.4 | 2010-05-17 | ||
| DE102010031777A DE102010031777A1 (en) | 2010-07-21 | 2010-07-21 | Transporting and storing hydrogen, comprises introducing hydrogen into natural gas, transporting and/or storing the introduced hydrogen with natural gas as a gas mixture, and determining the hydrogen content of the gas mixture |
| DE102010031777.2 | 2010-07-21 | ||
| DE102010034711.6 | 2010-08-18 | ||
| DE102010034711A DE102010034711A1 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2010-08-18 | Transporting and storing hydrogen, comprises introducing hydrogen into natural gas, transporting and/or storing the introduced hydrogen with natural gas as a gas mixture, and determining the hydrogen content of the gas mixture |
| DE102010035260A DE102010035260A1 (en) | 2010-08-24 | 2010-08-24 | Transporting and storing hydrogen, comprises introducing hydrogen into natural gas, transporting and/or storing the introduced hydrogen with natural gas as a gas mixture, and determining the hydrogen content of the gas mixture |
| DE102010035260.8 | 2010-08-24 | ||
| DE102010052260A DE102010052260A1 (en) | 2010-11-23 | 2010-11-23 | Transporting and storing hydrogen, comprises introducing hydrogen into natural gas, transporting and/or storing the introduced hydrogen with natural gas as a gas mixture, and determining the hydrogen content of the gas mixture |
| DE102010052260.0 | 2010-11-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2011144198A1 WO2011144198A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
| WO2011144198A4 true WO2011144198A4 (en) | 2012-01-12 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE2011/000422 WO2011144198A1 (en) | 2010-05-17 | 2011-04-19 | Transport and storage of hydrogen |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2011144198A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107818236A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2018-03-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of dynamic selection and appraisal of exploration area method of DAMAGE OF TIGHT SAND GAS RESERVOIRS |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104704147B (en) | 2012-05-28 | 2017-06-30 | 水吉能公司 | Electrolyzer and energy system |
| EP2979743B1 (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2019-10-09 | RAG Austria AG | Device and method for storing and distributing renewable energy |
| CN108457632B (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2021-03-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fire flooding oil extraction regulation and control method and device |
| PL437920A1 (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2022-03-14 | Oleksandr Riepkin | Method for creating and using an energy system that encompasses hydrogen produced using renewable energy sources |
| JP6705071B1 (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-06-03 | 正通 亀井 | Wide area power supply system |
| EP4047260A1 (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2022-08-24 | Linde GmbH | Method for controlling or regulating the hydrogen content of a natural gas transported through a natural gas network |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6058761A (en) * | 1998-01-30 | 2000-05-09 | Badger Meter, Inc. | Measurement of relative density of combustible gases |
| US7152675B2 (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2006-12-26 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Subterranean hydrogen storage process |
| FR2891538B1 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-11-16 | Air Liquide | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN-ENRICHED GAS STREAM FROM HYDROGENATED GASEOUS FLOWS COMPRISING HYDROCARBONS |
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2011
- 2011-04-19 WO PCT/DE2011/000422 patent/WO2011144198A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107818236A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2018-03-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of dynamic selection and appraisal of exploration area method of DAMAGE OF TIGHT SAND GAS RESERVOIRS |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2011144198A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
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