WO2011143897A1 - 基于感知技术的切换方法及系统 - Google Patents

基于感知技术的切换方法及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011143897A1
WO2011143897A1 PCT/CN2010/078034 CN2010078034W WO2011143897A1 WO 2011143897 A1 WO2011143897 A1 WO 2011143897A1 CN 2010078034 W CN2010078034 W CN 2010078034W WO 2011143897 A1 WO2011143897 A1 WO 2011143897A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
user equipment
base station
working area
rat
rrm
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/078034
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
魏民
李峰
赵楠
田开波
彭爱华
郭森宝
Original Assignee
中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中兴通讯股份有限公司 filed Critical 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority to US13/698,134 priority Critical patent/US9503938B2/en
Priority to BR112012028504A priority patent/BR112012028504A2/pt
Priority to EP10851654.3A priority patent/EP2574097B1/en
Publication of WO2011143897A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011143897A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H04W36/0077—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link of access information of target access point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/26—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by agreed or negotiated communication parameters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a handover technique in a wireless communication system, and more particularly to a handover method and system based on a sensing technology. Background technique
  • the current wireless communication is not limited to voice communication, and the wider data service communication is the reverse of the development of wireless communication systems, such as video. , business or business data, etc.
  • the current spectrum allocation system is generally a fixed allocation, that is, those authorized users are allocated fixed spectrum resources, which further aggravates the strain of the spectrum resources.
  • authorized users do not always occupy the spectrum allocated to them, that is, in a certain time, space and frequency band, no matter which wireless access technology is used, there is always a part of the spectrum is idle. of. This makes it possible to effectively utilize these idle spectrum resources and provide paid services for unauthorized users, thereby improving the utilization of frequency words and reducing the pressure on frequency resources.
  • the cognitive radio (CR, Cognitive Radio) technology was developed in this context.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a handover method and system based on a sensing technology, which can sense a current unused frequency band when a frequency band load configured by a base station is large or when a bandwidth requirement of a user equipment is large. Resources are allocated to user equipment, thereby improving the performance of the communication system.
  • the primary working area of the base station After receiving the handover request, the primary working area of the base station performs handover negotiation with the neighboring base station according to the current wireless environment, or performs handover negotiation with the neighboring base station and the user equipment that requests handover, and determines the RAT and communication parameters that meet the handover request, and The determined communication parameter, or the communication parameter and the communication software corresponding to the RAT are sent to the secondary working area of the base station and the secondary working area of the user equipment; the secondary working area of the base station and the secondary working area of the user equipment configure the communication parameter, or install the RAT Corresponding communication software and configuring the communication parameters, and notifying the RRM of the base station after the configuration is completed; the RRM of the base station notifying the HOC of the base station and the HOC of the user equipment activating the respective secondary working areas, and performing the communication parameters configured by the secondary working area Switch.
  • the base station is further provided with a resource database, where the resource database is used to store the statistical unused spectrum resource and the wireless communication technology RAT parameter corresponding to the unused spectrum resource; the base station from the neighboring base station and itself Obtaining the unused spectrum resource; the resource database further maintains at least one of the following data: user equipment information, unused spectrum policy, load status of each carrier, quality of service, and tariff.
  • the method further includes:
  • the main working area of the base station is based on the quality of service of the requesting service, the current load status, the interference of the carrier frequency allocated to the switching user equipment to other carrier frequencies, the tariff, the carrier frequency requirement of the user equipment, and the Supported RATs perform handover negotiation;
  • the primary working area of the base station determines carrier frequency information allocated to the user equipment, and determines a corresponding RAT and its configuration parameters for the user equipment.
  • the method further includes:
  • the method further includes:
  • the user equipment pre-stores each RAT communication software
  • the primary working area of the base station determines that the user equipment supports the RAT after the handover, and sends the identifier information of the RAT to the secondary working area of the user equipment.
  • the secondary working area of the user equipment invokes the software corresponding to the RAT according to the identifier information of the RAT and installs .
  • the RRM of the base station detects that the user equipment needs to be handed over, it sends a handover request to the main working area of the base station;
  • the RRM of the user equipment detects that the user equipment needs to be handed over, the RRM of the user equipment sends a handover request to the primary working area of the base station by using the RRM of the base station.
  • a sensing system-based switching system includes a user equipment and a base station, and at least two working areas, an RRM and a HOC, are set in the user equipment and the base station;
  • the main working area of the base station is configured to perform handover negotiation with the neighboring base station according to the current wireless environment after receiving the handover request, or perform handover negotiation with the neighboring base station and the user equipment that requests handover, and determine the RAT and the communication parameter that meet the handover request. And transmitting the determined communication parameter, or the communication parameter and the communication software corresponding to the RAT, to the secondary working area of the base station and the secondary working area of the user equipment;
  • a secondary working area of the base station configured to configure the communication parameter, or install communication software corresponding to the RAT and configure the communication parameter, and notify the RRM of the base station after the configuration is completed
  • a secondary working area of the user equipment configured to configure the communication parameter, and notify the RRM of the base station by using the RRM of the user equipment after the configuration is completed
  • the RRM of the base station is used to notify the HOC of the base station and the HOC of the user equipment to activate the respective secondary working areas, and switch with the communication parameters configured in the secondary working area.
  • the base station is further provided with a resource database, where the resource database is used to store unused spectrum resources and RAT parameters corresponding to the unused spectrum resources; the base station acquires the unused from the neighboring base station and itself
  • the spectrum resource also maintains at least one of the following data: user equipment information, unused spectrum policy, load status of each carrier, quality of service, and tariff.
  • the primary working area of the base station is based on the quality of service of the request service, the current load status, the interference of the carrier frequency allocated to the user equipment to other carrier frequencies, the tariff, the carrier frequency requirement of the user equipment, and the supported RAT.
  • the primary working area of the base station determines the carrier frequency information assigned to the user equipment, the communication software required by the RAT, and its configuration parameters.
  • the user equipment pre-stores each RAT communication software
  • the primary working area of the base station determines that the user equipment supports the RAT after the handover, and sends the identifier information of the RAT to the secondary working area of the user equipment.
  • the secondary working area of the user equipment invokes the software corresponding to the RAT according to the identifier information of the RAT and installs .
  • the RRM of the base station detects that the user equipment needs to be handed over, it sends a handover request to the main working area of the base station;
  • the RRM of the user equipment detects that the user equipment needs to be handed over, the RRM of the user equipment sends a handover request to the primary working area of the base station by using the RRM of the base station.
  • the base station allocates the unused frequency band resources to the corresponding user equipment, because the unused frequency band resources are allocated to After the user equipment, the user equipment is required to support the corresponding RAT.
  • the corresponding RAT communication software and corresponding configuration parameters are sent to the user equipment, and the user equipment installs the corresponding RAT communication software, and then switches according to the resources allocated by the base station for the current handover.
  • a primary working area and a secondary working area are provided in both the base station and the user equipment, and when the RAT communication software and/or related configuration needs to be installed, the RAT communication software is installed to the secondary working area, and/or The relevant configuration parameters are configured to the secondary working area, and then switched after the installation and/or configuration is completed. Therefore, the user communication device does not have any influence on the current communication service, and the user does not have any communication interruption experience, thereby realizing A soft switch.
  • the invention ensures the full utilization of the unused frequency band by the base station, ensures the communication requirement of the user, improves the resource utilization rate of the current communication system, and improves the service quality of the communication system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a function module of a device supporting a cognitive radio technology according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for switching based on a sensing technology according to the present invention. detailed description
  • the basic idea of the present invention is to: utilize the current cognitive radio technology to fully utilize the unused frequency band resources in the currently perceived communication system, and allocate the perceived unused frequency band resources to the user equipment currently having the handover requirement, thereby ensuring The utilization of the wireless resources ensures the smooth handover of the user equipment and ensures the communication service requirements of the user equipment.
  • the base station and/or the user equipment support the current cognitive radio technology, that is, the unused frequency band resources in the communication system can be perceived.
  • the cognitive radio technology belongs to the prior art, as long as the corresponding application software is installed in the corresponding device. The implementation details are not repeated here.
  • 1 is a schematic structural diagram of functional modules of a device supporting a cognitive radio technology according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, in the present invention, first, a base station and/or a user equipment supporting a cognitive radio technology are working.
  • Dividing the area that is, dividing at least two working areas, a handover controller (HOC, Handover Controller) and a radio resource management (RRM, Radio Resource Management) within the baseband of the CRS (Cognitive Radio System). That is, at least two work areas, one HOC and one RRM are divided at the baseband of the user equipment (UE, User Equipment) and the base station (BS, Base Station), respectively.
  • the above two at least two work areas one of which is a primary work area (PWA, Primary Operating Area), and the other is a secondary work area (SWA), and the at least two work areas are controlled by RRM and HOC.
  • PWA Primary Operating Area
  • SWA secondary work area
  • the RRM and HOC at the BS are the RRM and HOC on the network side
  • the RRM at the user equipment is the RRM and HOC on the user equipment side.
  • the RRM is responsible for, but not limited to, air interface connections, information encoding, translation, and collection and measurement of unused band resources.
  • the HOC is responsible for the specific control switching process, including the adjustment of parameters and the installation of corresponding communication software such as RAT communication software. The double arrows in the figure indicate control and data flow.
  • the HOC is responsible for the specific control switching process by the RRM control.
  • the RRM generates at least the trigger signals for the start and stop of the PWA and SWA, the control signals for the read, chip select, address, etc.
  • PWA and SWA generate feedback signals from PWA and SWA to RRM respectively; RRM also generates RRM to Memory write, chip select, address and other control signals.
  • the PWA in the present invention is responsible for supporting the current network communication; the responsibility of the SWA in the user equipment is: When the user equipment is a cognitive radio (CR, Cognitive Radio) device, the unused resources allocated by the RMM control installation are downloaded directly. Corresponding RAT communication software, and implementing related parameter configuration; and when the user equipment is a multi-mode (MR) device, pre-stored in the user equipment according to the software or software number determined by the BS to be installed.
  • MR multi-mode
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for switching based on a perceptual technology according to the present invention.
  • the handover method shown in FIG. 2 is a general handover procedure of the present invention.
  • the handover method is applicable to a case where a user equipment is multi-mode (MR), and is also applicable to a user.
  • the case where the device is a CR terminal.
  • the handover method of the present invention is also applicable to the initial access communication network being a global mobile communication system (GSM, Global System for Mobile Communication) network, and also suitable for initial access communication.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communication
  • the network is a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network; the same applies to the case where the initial access network is a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network.
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • Step 201 A user equipment automatically loads into a default operating network according to a current default communication parameter setting during a power-on phase, and performs voice or data. business.
  • the user equipment when the current communication is configured as a GSM network, the user equipment will automatically search for the GSM network signal and camp on the GSM network.
  • the device During the user device power-up (start-up) phase, the device searches, synchronizes, and eventually accesses the default network system on the default network system.
  • the user equipment can be a multimode user equipment or a CR user equipment.
  • the above default configuration mobile network can also be a UMTS or LTE network.
  • Step 202 The sensing BS automatically maintains the established resource database according to the user equipment information and the resource change information of the neighboring base station, and the sensing BS automatically maintains the established resource database according to the broadcast information provided by each neighboring BS.
  • the resource database is used to store the unused unused spectrum resources and corresponding RAT parameter information.
  • the sensing BS acquires unused spectrum resource information from the neighboring base station and itself; the resource database further maintains at least one of the following data: related information of the user equipment, unused spectrum policy, load status of each carrier, and quality of service of related services.
  • the purpose of the resource database is to allocate the perceived unused frequency band to the user equipment under the base station; thus, the sensing BS needs to maintain the relevant frequency band resources.
  • the source and the RAT communication software corresponding to the band resource also need to store the capability information of the related user equipment, for example, the type of the user equipment, whether or not the related RAT technology is supported.
  • the sensing BS uses the current resource allocation situation to allocate the perceived unused frequency band resources to the corresponding user equipment when the current resource is tight or the bandwidth resources required by the user equipment are large.
  • the broadcast information of the neighboring BS includes information on the resource change of the served cell, and the information about the change of the related resource is notified to the aware BS.
  • the information source of the resource database mainly has two parts: related resource change information sent by the neighboring BS of the sensing BS; and the unused band resource information that the BS itself searches for.
  • Step 203 When the spectrum resource needs to be changed due to the service relationship, a corresponding handover request is generated.
  • the request handover is from a perceptual base station or user equipment.
  • the reason for requesting a handover is that the current communication conditions cannot be met due to traffic, load conditions, quality of service, or interference from other systems.
  • the perceptual BS side it is initiated by the network side RRM, that is, the RRM of the BS.
  • the RRM notifies the PWA of the BS.
  • the trigger can be generated by the hardware circuit.
  • the hardware circuit generates the trigger signal to the interrupt input port of the corresponding hardware of PWA.
  • the PWA works in the interrupt mode. It can also be generated by software.
  • the software generates the corresponding trigger message and loads it into the PWA through the message flow mechanism.
  • the user equipment side it is initiated by the RRM on the user equipment side, and the PWA is notified through the uplink control channel.
  • the reason for the handover request is mainly that the traffic is increased, that is, the number of access user equipments in the perceived BS increases, and the bandwidth required for the communication service of the user equipment increases; the traffic decreases, that is, the access in the sensing BS The user equipment is reduced, and the bandwidth of the required communication service is reduced; the current channel quality changes are deteriorated, resulting in deterioration of current communication service performance.
  • the user equipment sends a request for changing the frequency resource to the RRM of the sensing BS through the uplink control channel according to the current channel load condition, and the base station RRM itself issues a handover request.
  • Step 204 After receiving the handover request, the RRM of the BS negotiates with other BSs (BSs adjacent to the sensing BS) and/or user equipment.
  • the primary working area of the sensing BS is based on the quality of service of the requesting service, the current load status, the interference of the carrier frequency allocated to the user equipment to other carrier frequencies and the tariff, the carrier frequency requirement of the user equipment, and the RAT to perform handover negotiation.
  • the sensing BS determines the required resource status for the user equipment according to the subscription information of the user equipment to be switched, the bandwidth resource condition required to switch the service, the QoS information of the service, and the capability of the user equipment. Resource allocation policy negotiation.
  • the negotiation mode is the same as the existing resource negotiation mode.
  • the BS can be aware of the corresponding negotiation policy.
  • the invention does not limit the corresponding negotiation strategy.
  • the relevant RAT can be determined based on the currently perceived unused frequency band, and the used RAT or associated RAT communication software can be transmitted to the user equipment, it can utilize the unused frequency band resources.
  • the RAT is used to notify the UE, and the user equipment does not support the RAT.
  • the RAT communication software and associated configuration parameters are communicated to the user equipment to enable communication using the unused frequency band.
  • step 205 the allocated resource information is determined for the user equipment by using the negotiation result.
  • the RAT corresponding to the unused frequency band needs to be determined, that is, the communication system to which the unused frequency band belongs is determined.
  • the RAT communication software can utilize the unused frequency band.
  • the result of the negotiation is judged. If the handover is agreed, step 206 is performed. Otherwise, step 202 is performed to re-perceive the resource.
  • Step 206 The sensing BS sends corresponding communication software to the user equipment by using a downlink control channel.
  • the user equipment is a multi-mode (MR) user equipment
  • various available modes of RAT communication software are pre-stored in the user equipment, and numbered (scalar amount)
  • the user equipment does not need to download the new communication software
  • the sensing BS only needs to transmit the corresponding communication software number on the corresponding downlink control channel.
  • the multi-mode user equipment supports all the RATs, and the sensing RS only needs to send the corresponding RAT identification information (such as the communication software number) to the user equipment. This minimizes transmission overhead and resources.
  • communication software cannot be pre-stored, and the user must be aware that the communication software must be downloaded from the BS.
  • Step 207 the user equipment and the BS install the communication software provided by the BS in the respective SWA.
  • the SW and the SWA of the user equipment perform parameter adjustment and communication software installation, but do not perform communication work.
  • the user is notified of the RRM on the device side, and the RRM notifies the RRM on the network side through the uplink control channel.
  • the RRM on the network side is directly notified (sending information through software or hardware).
  • both the BS and the MS on the network side After receiving the parameter adjustment and communication software installation (under CR condition), both the BS and the MS on the network side issue a handover command to the HOC (including but not limited to the startup time).
  • the RRM On the sensing BS side, the RRM directly informs the HOC (sends information through software or hardware); on the user equipment side, the network side RRM notifies the HOC of the user equipment side through the downlink control channel.
  • Each HOC completes the switching operation according to the switching instruction and the local time.
  • the external connection of the user equipment from the work area is performed by the RRM of the user equipment.
  • Step 208 The SWA of the user equipment and the perceived BS send the communication software installation completion information to the RRM of the BS.
  • the user equipment sends the completion information to the RRM of the BS through the uplink control channel.
  • the SWA of the BS sends the completed information to the RRM of the BS through software or hardware.
  • Step 209 After the communication software is installed, under the unified control of the HOC, the user equipment sends a trigger instruction to the corresponding component, so that the new communication software starts to work.
  • PWA The old communication software has two working states: a) Uninstall the old communication software, and set the original working area PWA to SWA and the original SWA to PWA. Thereby completing the switching work. b) The old communication software continues to work. At this time, the user equipment corresponds to the dual RAT working mode.
  • the sensing system based on the sensing technology includes a user equipment and a base station (a cognitive BS), and at least two working areas, RRM and HOC are set in the user equipment and the base station; at least two of the user equipment and the base station are at least two
  • the structure of the work area, RRM and HOC can be referred to Figure 1;
  • a primary working area of the base station after receiving the handover request, performing handover negotiation with the neighboring base station according to the current wireless environment, or performing handover negotiation with the neighboring base station and the user equipment requesting the handover, and determining the communication parameter that meets the handover request, and Transmitting the determined communication parameter to the secondary working area of the base station and the secondary working area of the user equipment;
  • a secondary working area of the base station configured to configure the communication parameter, and notify the RRM of the base station after the configuration is completed
  • a secondary working area of the user equipment configured to configure the communication parameter, and notify the RRM of the base station by using the RRM of the user equipment after the configuration is completed;
  • the RRM of the base station is used to notify the HOC of the base station and the HOC of the user equipment to activate the respective secondary working areas, and switch with the communication parameters configured in the secondary working area.
  • the main working area of the above base station is based on the quality of service of the request service, and the current load status is Transmitting the carrier frequency allocated by the user equipment to other carrier frequencies, the tariff, the carrier frequency requirement of the user equipment, and the supported RAT for handover negotiation;
  • the primary working area of the base station determines the carrier frequency information assigned to the user equipment, the communication software required by the RAT, and its configuration parameters.
  • the user equipment stores in advance communication software corresponding to various RATs
  • the primary working area of the base station determines that the user equipment supports the switched RAT, and sends the identifier information of the RAT to the secondary working area of the user equipment.
  • the secondary working area of the user equipment invokes the RAT communication software according to the identification information of the RAT and installs the RAT communication software.
  • the RRM of the base station detects that the user equipment needs to be handed over, the RRM sends a handover request to the main working area of the base station;
  • the RRM of the user equipment detects that the user equipment needs to be handed over, the RRM of the user equipment sends a handover request to the primary working area of the base station by using the RRM of the base station.
  • the sensing system based on the sensing technology of the present invention is applicable to wireless communication systems such as GSM, LTE, and UMTS.

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Description

基于感知技术的切换方法及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信系统中的切换技术， 尤其涉及一种基于感知技术 的切换方法及系统。 背景技术
随着无线通信事业的不断发展， 越来越多的用户选择利用无线电进行 通信， 目前的无线通信并不限于语音通信， 更为广泛的数据业务通信更是 无线通信系统发展的反向， 例如视频， 业务或商业数据等。 随着无线通信 规模的日益扩大， 更凸显出无线频谱资源的紧缺。 而目前的频谱分配体制 一般是固定分配， 即为那些授权用户分配固定的频谱资源， 这更加加剧了 频谱资源的紧张的状况。 例如， 根据大量世界范围内实际的观测结果， 授 权用户并非始终占据着分配给其的频谱， 即在一定的时间、 空间和频段上， 无论使用何种无线接入技术， 总有一部分频谱是空闲的。 这就为有效利用 这些空闲的频谱资源， 为非授权用户提供有偿服务提供了可能， 从而提高 频语的利用率， 降低频语资源压力。 感知无线电 （CR, Cognitive Radio ) 技术就是在这个背景下发展起来的。
当感知系统因为业务的需要例如需要传输视频或大规模的商业数据， 或信道质量的变化， 需要进行切换（HO , Handover ) 时， 现有方法存在切 换速度慢、 容易掉线等问题。 导致上述问题主要原因在于： 频谱感知慢， 当系统需要切换时， 还没有感知到新的频谱资源， 导致切换速度慢； 在系 统切换时， 终端、 基站和网关等设备（包括软件、 硬件和信令） 的配合出 现问题， 导致掉线。
如何进行快速、 平滑切换是迫切需要解决的问题。 发明内容
有鉴于此， 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种基于感知技术的切换方法 及系统， 能在基站所配置的频带负荷较大时或用户设备的频带需求较大时 将所感知的当前未用频带资源分配给用户设备， 从而提高了通信系统的性 能。
为达到上述目的， 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种基于感知技术的切换方法， 在用户设备及基站中均设置主、 次至 少两个工作区， 无线资源管理器 RRM 以及切换控制器 HOC; 所述方法包 括：
接收到切换请求后， 基站的主工作区根据当前的无线环境与邻基站进 行切换协商， 或与邻基站以及请求切换的用户设备进行切换协商， 确定符 合切换请求的 RAT及通信参数， 并将所确定的通信参数， 或者通信参数及 RAT对应的通信软件发送给基站的次工作区以及用户设备的次工作区； 基站的次工作区以及用户设备的次工作区配置所述通信参数， 或安装 RAT对应的通信软件并配置所述通信参数，在配置完毕后通知基站的 RRM； 基站的 RRM通知基站的 HOC 以及用户设备的 HOC激活各自的次工 作区， 并以次工作区所配置的通信参数进行切换。
优选地， 所述基站中还设置有资源数据库， 所述资源数据库用于存储 所统计未用频谱资源及与所述未使用频谱资源对应的无线通信技术 RAT参 数； 所述基站从邻基站及自身获取所述未使用频谱资源； 所述资源数据库 中还维护有以下至少一种数据： 用户设备信息、 未用频谱策略、 各载波的 负载状况、 服务质量及资费。
优选地， 所述方法还包括：
基站的主工作区基于请求业务的服务质量， 当前负载状况， 为切换用 户设备分配的载频对其它载频的干扰， 资费， 用户设备的载频要求以及所 支持的 RAT进行切换协商；
基站的主工作区确定分配给所述用户设备的载频信息， 为所述用户设 备确定相应的 RAT及其配置参数。
优选地， 以次工作区所配置的通信参数进行切换之后， 所述方法还包 括：
停用用户设备的主工作区；
或者， 保持用户设备的主工作区的使用状态。
优选地， 所述方法还包括：
用户设备预先存储各 RAT通信软件；
基站的主工作区确定用户设备支持切换后的 RAT时，将该 RAT的标识 信息发送给用户设备的次工作区； 用户设备的次工作区根据该 RAT的标识 信息调用该 RAT对应的软件并安装。
优选地， 所述基站的 RRM检测到用户设备需要切换时， 向基站的主工 作区发送切换请求；
或者， 所述用户设备的 RRM检测到用户设备需要切换时， 所述用户设 备的 RRM通过所述基站的 RRM向基站的主工作区发送切换请求。
一种基于感知技术的切换系统， 包括用户设备和基站， 在用户设备及 基站中均设置主、 次至少两个工作区， RRM以及 HOC; 其中，
基站的主工作区， 用于在接收到切换请求后， 根据当前的无线环境与 邻基站进行切换协商， 或与邻基站以及请求切换的用户设备进行切换协商， 确定符合切换请求的 RAT及通信参数， 并将所确定的通信参数， 或者通信 参数及 RAT对应的通信软件发送给基站的次工作区以及用户设备的次工作 区；
基站的次工作区， 用于配置所述通信参数， 或安装 RAT对应的通信软 件并配置所述通信参数， 并在配置完毕后通知基站的 RRM; 用户设备的次工作区， 用于配置所述通信参数， 并在配置完毕后通过 用户设备的 RRM通知基站的 RRM;
基站的 RRM,用于通知基站的 HOC以及用户设备的 HOC激活各自的 次工作区， 并以次工作区所配置的通信参数进行切换。
优选地， 所述基站中还设置有资源数据库， 所述资源数据库用于存储 未用频谱资源及与所述未使用频谱资源对应的 RAT参数； 所述基站从邻基 站及自身获取所述未使用频谱资源； 所述资源数据库中还维护有以下至少 一种数据： 用户设备信息、 未用频谱策略、 各载波的负载状况、 服务质量 及资费。
优选地， 所述基站的主工作区基于请求业务的服务质量， 当前负载状 况， 为切换用户设备分配的载频对其它载频的干扰， 资费， 用户设备的载 频要求以及所支持的 RAT进行切换协商；
基站的主工作区确定分配给所述用户设备的载频信息， RAT 所需通信 软件及其配置参数。
优选地， 所述用户设备预先存储各 RAT通信软件；
基站的主工作区确定用户设备支持切换后的 RAT时，将该 RAT的标识 信息发送给用户设备的次工作区； 用户设备的次工作区根据该 RAT的标识 信息调用该 RAT对应的软件并安装。
优选地， 所述基站的 RRM检测到用户设备需要切换时， 向基站的主工 作区发送切换请求；
或者， 所述用户设备的 RRM检测到用户设备需要切换时， 所述用户设 备的 RRM通过所述基站的 RRM向基站的主工作区发送切换请求。
本发明中， 基站所配置的频带负荷较大时或某些用户设备的带宽需求 较大时， 基站将所检测到未用的频带资源分配给相应的用户设备， 由于未 用的频带资源分配给用户设备后， 需要用户设备支持相应的 RAT, 这样， 对于不支持相应 RAT的用户设备，需将相应 RAT通信软件及相应的配置参 数发送给用户设备， 由用户设备安装相应的 RAT通信软件后按基站为当前 切换分配的资源进行切换。 本发明中， 在基站及用户设备中均设置有主工 作区及次工作区， 并在需要安装 RAT 通信软件和 /或进行相关配置时， 将 RAT通信软件安装到次工作区， 和 /或将相关配置参数配置到次工作区， 而 在安装和 /或配置完毕后再进行切换， 这样， 不会对用户设备当前的通信业 务有任何影响， 用户也不会有任何的通信中断感受， 从而实现了软切换。 本发明保证了基站对未用频带的充分利用， 保证了用户的通信需求， 提高 了当前通信系统的资源利用率， 并提高了通信系统的服务质量。 附图说明
图 1为本发明支持感知无线电技术的设备的功能模块结构示意图； 图 2为本发明基于感知技术的切换方法的流程图。 具体实施方式
本发明的基本思想是： 利用当前的感知无线电技术， 对当前感知的通 信系统中未用的频带资源进行充分利用， 并将感知的未用频带资源分配给 当前有切换需求的用户设备， 从而保证了无线资源的利用率， 保证了用户 设备的顺利切换， 并保证用户设备的通信业务需求。
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚明白， 以下举实施例并 参照附图， 对本发明进一步详细说明。
本发明中， 基站和 /或用户设备支持当前的感知无线电技术， 即能感知 通信系统中未用频带资源。 需要说明的是， 感知无线电技术属于现有技术， 只要在相应的设备中安装相应的应用软件即可。 这里不再赘述其实现细节。 图 1 为本发明支持感知无线电技术的设备的功能模块结构示意图， 如图 1 所示， 本发明中， 首先对支持感知无线电技术的基站和 /或用户设备进行工 作区的划分， 即在支持感知无线电系统（ CRS , Cognitive Radio System )基 带内部划分至少两个工作区， 一个切换控制器（ HOC , Handover Controller ) 和一个无线资源管理器（RRM, Radio Resource Management ), 即分别在用 户设备（UE, User Equipment )和基站 （BS, Base Station ) 的基带处划分 至少两个工作区， 一个 HOC和一个 RRM。 上述的至少两个工作区， 其中 一个是主工作区（ PWA, Primary Operating Area ),另一个是次工作区（ SWA, Secondary Operating Area ), 上述至少两个工作区均由 RRM和 HOC控制。
BS处的 RRM和 HOC为网络侧的 RRM和 HOC ,用户设备处的 RRM为用 户设备侧的 RRM和 HOC。 RRM负责包括但不限于空口的连接， 信息的编 码、翻译和未用频带资源的搜集及测量等。 HOC负责具体的控制切换过程， 包括参数的调整和相应通信软件如 RAT通信软件等的安装。 图中的双箭头 表示控制和数据流向。 HOC受 RRM控制负责具体的控制切换过程， RRM 至少生成 PWA和 SWA的启动工作与停止工作的触发信号， PWA和 SWA 到存储器 （Memory ) 的读、 片选、 地址等控制信号， 控制存储器到 PWA 和 SWA的数据流向。 PWA和 SWA生成 PWA和 SWA分别到 RRM的反馈 信号； RRM还生成 RRM到 Memory的写、 片选、 地址等控制信号等。
本发明中的 PWA的职责是负责对当前网络通信进行支持； 用户设备中 SWA的职责是： 当用户设备为感知无线电（ CR, Cognitive Radio )设备时， 直接受 RMM控制安装下载所分配未用资源时对应的 RAT通信软件， 并实 现相关参数的配置； 而当用户设备为多模（MR, Multi-Radio )设备时， 根 据 BS确定的需安装的软件或软件编号，安装用户设备中预先存储的对应的 通信软件； SWA作为 PWA的冗余，当 PWA由于某种原因出现故障时， SWA 将接替 PWA实现对当前通信业务的支持， 以保障当前通信业务顺利进行。 这样， SWA在 PWA正常工作时，处于半休眠状态，即它能正常地监视 PWA 的状态 （具有监控功能）。 图 2为本发明基于感知技术的切换方法的流程图， 图 2所示的切换方 法是本发明通用的切换流程， 本切换方法适用于用户设备为多模（MR )的 情况，也适用于用户设备为 CR终端的情况。 当用户设备为多模终端的前提 下， 本发明切换方法还适用于初始接入通信网络为全球移动通讯系统 ( GSM, Global System for Mobile Communication ) 网络的†青况， 也适用于 初始接入通信网络为通用移动通信系统 （ UMTS , Universal Mobile Telecommunications System ) 网络的情况； 同样也适用于初始接入网络为长 期演进（ LTE , Long Term Evolution ) 网络的情况。 对于上述应用示例， 由 于其实现流程仅是网络接入的不同， 因此不再专门给出具体的示例。
如图 2所示， 本发明基于感知技术的切换方法具体包括以下步骤： 步骤 201 , 用户设备在上电阶段按照当前默认的通信参数设置， 自动加 载到某个默认运营网络， 并开展语音或数据业务。
例如， 当前通信配置为 GSM网络时， 用户设备将自动搜索 GSM网络 信号， 并驻留到 GSM网络。 在用户设备上电（start-up )阶段， 设备在默认 的网络系统上搜索、 同步并最终接入到默认网络系统。
用户设备可以是多模用户设备或 CR用户设备。上述的默认配置移动网 络也可以是 UMTS或者 LTE网络。
步骤 202, 感知 BS根据用户设备信息以及邻基站的资源改变信息自动 维护已经建立的资源数据库， 感知 BS根据各相邻 BS提供的广播信息自动 维护已经建立的资源数据库；
资源数据库用于存储所统计未用频谱资源及相应 RAT参数信息。 感知 BS从邻基站及自身获取未使用频谱资源信息； 上述资源数据库中还维护有 以下至少一种数据： 用户设备的相关信息、 未用频谱策略、 各载波的负载 状况及相关业务的服务质量。 本发明中， 资源数据库的目的是将感知到的 未用频带， 分配给该基站下用户设备； 这样， 感知 BS需维护相关的频带资 源以及与该频带资源对应的 RAT通信软件等， 还需要保存相关用户设备的 能力信息， 例如是该用户设备的类型、 否支持相关的 RAT技术等信息。 感 知 BS即利用当前的资源分配情况，在当前资源紧张或用户设备需求的带宽 资源较大时， 将感知到的未用频带资源分配给相应的用户设备。 本领域技 术人员应当理解， 在上述的资源数据库中存储上述的相关信息是容易实现 的。
相邻 BS的广播信息里包含所服务小区的资源改变的信息，将相关资源 改变的信息通知给该感知 BS。 本发明中， 资源数据库的信息来源主要有两 部分： 来自于该感知 BS的相邻 BS发送的相关资源改变信息； 感知 BS 自 身搜索到的未用频带资源信息。
步骤 203 , 当由于业务的关系需要改变频谱资源时， 产生相应的切换请 求。
请求切换来自于感知基站或用户设备。 请求切换的原因是由于业务量、 负载状况、 服务质量或来自于其它系统的干扰等， 致使当前通信条件无法 满足需要。在感知 BS端， 由网络侧 RRM即 BS的 RRM发起， 通过触发的 方式， RRM通知 BS的 PWA。 这里触发可由硬件电路产生， 硬件电路产生 触发信号到 PWA相应硬件的中断输入口， PWA工作在中断模式下； 也可 由软件产生， 软件产生相应的触发消息， 通过消息流机制加载到 PWA。 在 用户设备端， 由用户设备侧 RRM发起， 通过上行控制信道， 通知 PWA。
本发明中， 产生切换请求的原因主要有， 业务量增大， 即感知 BS中的 接入用户设备增多， 用户设备的通信业务所要求的带宽增大； 业务量减少， 即感知 BS中接入的用户设备减少， 所需的通信业务的带宽降低； 当前的信 道质量改变如变差， 导致当前通信业务性能恶化。 这样， 用户设备根据当 前的信道负载状况， 通过上行控制信道向感知 BS的 RRM发出改变频语资 源的请求， 基站 RRM自身发出切换请求。 步骤 204, BS的 RRM在接收到切换请求后， 同其它 BS (与感知 BS 相邻的 BS )和 /或用户设备进行协商。
本发明中， 感知 BS的主工作区基于请求业务的服务质量， 当前负载状 况， 为切换用户设备分配的载频对其它载频的干扰及资费， 用户设备的载 频要求以及 RAT进行切换协商。 该步骤中， 感知 BS会根据欲切换用户设 备的签约信息、 欲切换业务所需的频带资源情况、 业务的 QoS信息、 用户 设备的能力等信息为该用户设备确定所需的资源状况， 即进行资源分配策 略协商。
协商的方式与现有的资源协商方式完全相同， 只要将相关的协商策略 配置给感知 BS , 感知 BS该相应的协商策略执行即可。 本发明并不限定相 应的协商策略。 只要能根据当前感知的未用频带确定相关的 RAT, 并能将 所使用的 RAT或相关 RAT通信软件发送给用户设备，使其能利用该未用频 带资源即可。
也就是说， 当感知 BS为用户设备分配了未用频带资源时， 当用户设备 支持该未用频带对应的 RAT时， 通知 UE欲使用的 RAT, 而该用户设备不 支持该 RAT时， 需将该 RAT通信软件及相关配置参数通知给用户设备，使 其能利用该未用频带进行通信。
步骤 205 中， 通过协商结果为用户设备确定所分配的资源信息， 当涉 及到未用频带时， 还需确定该未用频带对应的 RAT, 即确定该未用频带所 属的通信系统， 需要怎样的 RAT通信软件才能利用该未用频带。 对协商的 结果进行判断， 如果同意切换， 则执行步骤 206, 否则执行步骤 202, 重新 进行资源感知。
步骤 206,感知 BS通过下行控制信道向用户设备发送相应的通信软件。 为了减少通信流量， 在用户设备为多模（MR )用户设备的情况下， 在 用户设备中预先存储各种可用模式的 RAT通信软件， 并进行编号 （标量量 化方式）， 这样， 用户设备就无需下载该新的通信软件， 而感知 BS在相应 的下行控制信道上只需传输相应的通信软件编号即可。 本发明中， 4叚设多 模用户设备支持所有的 RAT, 感知 RS只要将对应 RAT标识信息 （如通信 软件编号）发送给用户设备即可。 这样可以最大限度地降低传输开销及资 源。 但是对于 CR用户， 由于资源的复杂性， 无法预存通信软件， 感知用户 必须从 BS端下载通信软件。
步骤 207, 用户设备和 BS在各自的 SWA安装 BS提供的通信软件。 BS和用户设备的 SWA进行参数调整和通信软件安装， 但不进行通信 工作。 用户设备的 SWA参数调整和通信软件安装 (在 CR条件下）完成后， 通知用户设备侧的 RRM , 该 RRM通过上行控制信道通知网络侧的 RRM。 感知 BS的 SWA参数调整和通信软件安装 (在 CR条件下） 完成后， 直接 通知网络侧的 RRM (通过软件或硬件发送信息）。 网络侧的 RRM在接收到 BS和 MS均完成参数调整和通信软件安装（在 CR条件下 )后， 向 HOC 发出切换指令（内容包括但不限于启动时间）。 在感知 BS侧， RRM直接通 知 HOC (通过软件或硬件发送信息）； 在用户设备侧， 网络侧 RRM通过下 行控制信道通知用户设备侧的 HOC。 各 HOC根据切换指令和本地时间完 成切换工作。
本发明中，用户设备的从工作区对外的联系均通过用户设备的 RRM进 行。
步骤 208, 用户设备和感知 BS各自的 SWA向 BS的 RRM发送通信软 件安装完毕信息。
用户设备通过上行控制信道向 BS的 RRM发送完毕信息。 BS的 SWA 通过软件或硬件向 BS的 RRM发送完毕信息。
步骤 209 , 通信软件安装完成后， 在 HOC的统一控制下， 即用户设备 给相应的组件发送一个触发指令， 使新的通信软件开始工作。 此时， PWA 中旧的通信软件有两种工作状态： a ) 卸载旧的通信软件， 并设定原工作区 PWA为 SWA, 将原 SWA设置为 PWA。 从而完成切换工作。 b ) 旧的通信 软件继续工作， 此时， 用户设备对应的是双 RAT工作模式。
这样， 通过使用户设备切换到该用户设备的 SWA, 并实现与感知 BS 的通信业务， 即实现了用户设备的切换。
本发明基于感知技术的切换系统包括用户设备和基站 （感知 BS ), 在 用户设备及基站中均设置主、 次至少两个工作区， RRM以及 HOC； 用户设 备及基站中的主、 次至少两个工作区， RRM以及 HOC的结构可参照图 1 ; 其中，
基站的主工作区， 用于在接收到切换请求后， 根据当前的无线环境与 邻基站进行切换协商， 或与邻基站以及请求切换的用户设备进行切换协商， 确定符合切换请求的通信参数， 并将所确定的通信参数发送给基站的次工 作区以及用户设备的次工作区；
基站的次工作区， 用于配置所述通信参数， 并在配置完毕后通知基站 的 RRM;
用户设备的次工作区， 用于配置所述通信参数， 并在配置完毕后通过 用户设备的 RRM通知基站的 RRM;
基站的 RRM,用于通知基站的 HOC以及用户设备的 HOC激活各自的 次工作区， 并以次工作区所配置的通信参数进行切换。
上述基站中还设置有资源数据库， 所述资源数据库用于存储所统计的 未用频谱资源及与所述未使用频谱资源对应的无线通信技术 RAT; 所述基 站从邻基站及自身获取所述未使用频谱资源； 所述资源数据库中还维护有 以下至少一种数据： 用户设备信息、 未用频谱策略、 各载波的负载状况、 服务质量及资费。
上述基站的主工作区基于请求业务的服务质量， 当前负载状况， 为切 换用户设备分配的载频对其它载频的干扰， 资费， 用户设备的载频要求以 及所支持的 RAT进行切换协商；
基站的主工作区确定分配给所述用户设备的载频信息， RAT 所需通信 软件及其配置参数。
上述用户设备预先存储各种 RAT对应的通信软件；
基站的主工作区确定用户设备支持切换后的 RAT时，将该 RAT的标识 信息发送给用户设备的次工作区； 用户设备的次工作区根据该 RAT的标识 信息调用该 RAT通信软件并安装。
上述基站的 RRM检测到用户设备需要切换时，向基站的主工作区发送 切换请求；
或者， 所述用户设备的 RRM检测到用户设备需要切换时， 所述用户设 备的 RRM通过所述基站的 RRM向基站的主工作区发送切换请求。
本发明基于感知技术的切换系统适用于 GSM、 LTE以及 UMTS等无线 通信系统中。
以上所述， 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种基于感知技术的切换方法， 其特征在于， 在用户设备及基站中 均设置主、次至少两个工作区，无线资源管理器 RRM以及切换控制器 HOC; 所述方法包括：
接收到切换请求后， 基站的主工作区根据当前的无线环境与邻基站进 行切换协商， 或与邻基站以及请求切换的用户设备进行切换协商， 确定符 合切换请求的 RAT及通信参数， 并将所确定的通信参数， 或者通信参数及 RAT对应的通信软件发送给基站的次工作区以及用户设备的次工作区； 基站的次工作区以及用户设备的次工作区配置所述通信参数， 或安装 RAT对应的通信软件并配置所述通信参数，在配置完毕后通知基站的 RRM； 基站的 RRM通知基站的 HOC 以及用户设备的 HOC激活各自的次工 作区， 并以次工作区所配置的通信参数进行切换。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述基站中还设置有资 源数据库， 所述资源数据库用于存储所统计未用频谱资源及与所述未使用 频谱资源对应的无线通信技术 RAT参数； 所述基站从邻基站及自身获取所 述未使用频谱资源； 所述资源数据库中还维护有以下至少一种数据： 用户 设备信息、 未用频谱策略、 各载波的负载状况、 服务质量及资费要求。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法还包括： 基站的主工作区基于请求业务的服务质量， 当前负载状况， 为切换用 户设备分配的载频对其它载频的干扰， 资费， 用户设备的载频要求以及所 支持的 RAT进行切换协商；
基站的主工作区确定分配给所述用户设备的载频信息， 为所述用户设 备确定相应的 RAT及其配置参数。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法， 其特征在于， 以次工作区所配置的通 信参数进行切换之后， 所述方法还包括： 停用用户设备的主工作区；
或者， 保持用户设备的主工作区的使用状态。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法还包括： 用户设备预先存储各 RAT通信软件；
基站的主工作区确定用户设备支持切换后的 RAT时，将该 RAT的标识 信息发送给用户设备的次工作区； 用户设备的次工作区根据该 RAT的标识 信息调用该 RAT对应的通信软件并安装。
6、 根据权利要求 1至 5任一项所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述基站的 RRM检测到用户设备需要切换时， 向基站的主工作区发送切换请求；
或者， 所述用户设备的 RRM检测到用户设备需要切换时， 所述用户设 备的 RRM通过所述基站的 RRM向基站的主工作区发送切换请求。
7、一种基于感知技术的切换系统， 包括用户设备和基站，其特征在于， 在用户设备及基站中均设置主、次至少两个工作区， RRM以及 HOC;其中， 基站的主工作区， 用于在接收到切换请求后， 根据当前的无线环境与 邻基站进行切换协商， 或与邻基站以及请求切换的用户设备进行切换协商， 确定符合切换请求的 RAT及通信参数， 并将所确定的通信参数， 或者通信 参数及 RAT对应的通信软件发送给基站的次工作区以及用户设备的次工作 区；
基站的次工作区， 用于配置所述通信参数， 或安装 RAT对应的通信软 件并配置所述通信参数， 并在配置完毕后通知基站的 RRM;
用户设备的次工作区， 用于配置所述通信参数， 并在配置完毕后通过 用户设备的 RRM通知基站的 RRM;
基站的 RRM,用于通知基站的 HOC以及用户设备的 HOC激活各自的 次工作区， 并以次工作区所配置的通信参数进行切换。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述基站中还设置有资 源数据库， 所述资源数据库用于存储所统计未用频谱资源及与所述未使用 频谱资源对应的 RAT参数； 所述基站从邻基站及自身获取所述未使用频谱 资源； 所述资源数据库中还维护有以下至少一种数据： 用户设备信息、 未 用频谱策略、 各载波的负载状况、 服务质量及资费要求。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述基站的主工作区基 于请求业务的服务质量， 当前负载状况， 为切换用户设备分配的载频对其 它载频的干扰， 资费， 用户设备的载频要求以及所支持的 RAT进行切换协 商；
基站的主工作区确定分配给所述用户设备的载频信息， RAT 所需通信 软件及其配置参数。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述用户设备预先存 储各 RAT对应的通信软件；
基站的主工作区确定用户设备支持切换后的 RAT时，将该 RAT的标识 信息发送给用户设备的次工作区； 用户设备的次工作区根据该 RAT的标识 信息调用该 RAT对应的软件并安装。
11、 根据权利要求 7至 10任一项所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述基站 的 RRM检测到用户设备需要切换时， 向基站的主工作区发送切换请求； 或者， 所述用户设备的 RRM检测到用户设备需要切换时， 所述用户设 备的 RRM通过所述基站的 RRM向基站的主工作区发送切换请求。
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