WO2011140818A1 - 强风下风力发电机组的控制方法 - Google Patents

强风下风力发电机组的控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011140818A1
WO2011140818A1 PCT/CN2011/000626 CN2011000626W WO2011140818A1 WO 2011140818 A1 WO2011140818 A1 WO 2011140818A1 CN 2011000626 W CN2011000626 W CN 2011000626W WO 2011140818 A1 WO2011140818 A1 WO 2011140818A1
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Prior art keywords
wind
wind speed
fan
speed
motor set
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PCT/CN2011/000626
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨君
Original Assignee
广西银河艾万迪斯风力发电有限公司
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Application filed by 广西银河艾万迪斯风力发电有限公司 filed Critical 广西银河艾万迪斯风力发电有限公司
Priority to LU92010A priority Critical patent/LU92010B1/en
Publication of WO2011140818A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011140818A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0264—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for stopping; controlling in emergency situations
    • F03D7/0268—Parking or storm protection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/32—Wind speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/32—Wind speeds
    • F05B2270/3201—"cut-off" or "shut-down" wind speed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wind turbine control systems, and more particularly to a method of controlling wind turbines under strong winds. Background technique
  • the research hotspot of wind turbine control system mainly focuses on the development of control strategy. Fuzzy control and adaptive control are mainly aimed at the realization of control in the normal operation mode of wind turbines, and rarely involve the operation mode under strong wind conditions.
  • the existing strong wind operating mode is: when the wind speed is greater than the wind speed of the wind turbine, the machine stops waiting; when the wind speed reaches the restart wind speed, the fan is started.
  • the drawback of this implementation is that when the normal wind speed is between the restart wind speed and the cut wind speed, the large gust will cause long-term shutdown of the fan, reducing the availability and power generation of the fan, and at the same time, more frequent Opening and stopping will affect the service life of the unit.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a control method for a wind turbine generator under strong wind, so as to avoid long-term shutdown and improve the availability of the wind turbine generator under the premise of ensuring the safety of the wind turbine.
  • the amount of electricity generated to overcome the shortcomings of existing control methods.
  • the present invention provides a method for controlling a wind turbine generator under a strong wind, comprising the following steps: A. monitoring the state of the generator set, performing step B when the fan is in normal operation, and stopping when the fan is faulty; B. monitoring the wind speed If the wind speed is greater than the maximum running wind speed, stop. If the wind speed is less than or equal to the cut wind speed, perform step A. Otherwise, perform step C; C. Reduce the power output.
  • the reduced power output is achieved by adjusting the blade angle and/or reducing the generator speed.
  • the step C is to specifically control the power output according to the strong wind control curve.
  • the present invention provides a safe and efficient control mode, and based on a normal wind turbine control strategy, the concept of a strong wind control curve is introduced, so that the wind turbine is in a wind speed Under the condition of reducing the impact of wind load, it is still operating normally and connected to the grid to generate electricity. Under the premise of ensuring the safety of the fan, the availability and power generation are improved. At the same time, the parameter of restarting wind speed is cancelled, and the unnecessary start-stop process is avoided. Extends the life of the fan
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a control method of a wind turbine generator under strong wind according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a graph showing a strong wind control power of the control method of the wind turbine generator under strong wind according to the present invention. Detailed ways
  • the invention increases the control process of the wind turbine under strong wind conditions on the basis of the standby state, the starting process, the power generation process and the shutdown process of the conventional wind turbine control method. It mainly includes the following three steps of A-C.
  • Step A Monitor the status of the generator set. If the fan is running normally, perform step B. If the fan fails, stop it.
  • Step B Monitor the wind speed: when the wind speed is greater than the maximum running wind speed, for example, greater than 30 m / s, then stop; when the wind speed is less than or equal to the cut wind speed, for example, less than or equal to 25 m / S , then perform step A, return Normal operation state; otherwise, the execution step (:.), the maximum wind speed and the cut-out wind speed are calculated according to the actual load of different wind turbines.
  • Step C Adjust the blade angle by the pitch system, reduce the wind receiving area to reduce the impact of wind load, reduce the motor speed, reduce the power output, and reduce the power generation to ensure the safe operation of the fan.
  • FIG. 2 Please refer to FIG. 2 to realize the strong wind control curve of the control method of the present invention, which is the best curve form obtained by comprehensively considering the load state of the whole machine in combination with the pitch angle and the rotor speed of the fan, thereby guiding step C.
  • the degree of control can effectively avoid the energy loss of the fan and improve the working efficiency.
  • the curve is based on wind turbine safety requirements, load analysis and existing control system defects.
  • the implementation steps are as follows: First, calculate the extreme conditions of the wind turbine when cutting wind speed (for example, 25 m / S ).
  • the lower load meets the design safety requirements; then, by increasing the wind speed to the maximum operating wind speed (for example, 30m / S ), the various extreme loads of the entire unit at different pitch angles and lower speed conditions are gradually analyzed to meet the design safety. The best efficiency point is obtained from the requirements; finally, the strong wind control curve can be fitted through these optimal efficiency points.
  • the maximum operating wind speed for example, 30m / S
  • the control method of the wind turbine generator under the strong wind of the present invention introduces a strong wind control curve on the basis of the normal power curve for the wind turbine generator under the large wind speed operation condition, and reduces the wind turbine when the wind speed exceeds the cut wind speed
  • the output is used to reduce the impact of wind load; when the wind speed is lower than the cut wind speed, it returns to the normal power generation state quickly.
  • the invention adopts the control mode of the strong wind control curve, avoids the start-stop process caused by the traditional fan cut-in and cut-out control mode under the large wind speed condition, and improves the availability and power generation of the fan under the premise of ensuring the safety of the fan.
  • the quantity enhances the service life of the fan.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Description

强风下风力发电机组的控制方法 技术领域
[0001 ] 本发明涉及风力发电机组控制系统领域，特别是涉及一种强风下风力发电机组的 控制方法。 背景技术
[0002] 风力发电机组控制系统研究的热点主要在于控制策略的开发，模糊控制、自适应 控制等主要针对风力发电机组正常运行模式下控制的实现，很少涉及到强风工况下的运行 模式。 现有的强风工况运行模式为：当风速大于风机切出风速时，停机等待；当风速到达再 启动风速时，启动风机。这种实现方式的缺陷在于，当正常风速在再启动风速和切出风速之 间时，大的阵风会造成风机的长时间停机，降低了风机的可利用率和发电量，同时，较频繁 的开停机会影响机组的使用寿命。
[0003] 由此可见，上述现有的风力发电机组的控制方法，其方法与使用在强风工况下，显 然仍存在有不便与缺陷，而亟待加以进一步改进。 如何能创设一种在保证风机安全性的前 提下，可避免长时间停机，并提高风力发电机组的可利用率和发电量的新的强风下风力发 电机组的控制方法，实属当前业界极需改进的目标。 发明内容
[0004] 本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种强风下风力发电机组的控制方法，使其在保 证风机安全性的前提下，可避免长时间停机，并提高风力发电机组的可利用率和发电量，从 而克服现有控制方式的不足。
[0005] 为解决上述技术问题，本发明一种强风下风力发电机组的控制方法，包括以下步 骤： A.监测发电机组状态，风机正常运行则执行步骤 B，风机故障则停机； B.监测风速，风速 大于最大运行风速则停机，风速小于或等于切出风速则执行步骤 A，否则执行步骤 C； C. 缩 减功率输出。
[0006] 作为本发明的一种改进,所述的缩减功率输出通过调节桨叶角度和 /或降低发电 机转速来实现。 - [0007] 所述的步骤 C是按照强风控制曲线来具体控制功率输出。
[0008] 采用这样的设计后，本发明提供了一种安全的、高效的控制方式，在正常的风力发 电机控制策略基础上，引入强风控制曲线这一概念，使得风力发电机组在大风速工况下降 低风载荷影响的同时仍正常运行、并网发电，在保证风机安全性的前提下提高了可利用率 和发电量，同时取消了再启动风速这一参数，避免了多余的启停过程，延长了风机的使用寿
附图说明
[0009] 上述仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，以下 结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明。 [0010] 图 1是本发明强风下风力发电机组的控制方法的流程示意图。
[001 1 ] 图 2是本发明强风下风力发电机组的控制方法的强风控制功率曲线图。 具体实施方式
[0012] 请参阅图 1所示，本发明在传统风力发电机组控制方法的待机状态、开机过程、发 电过程和停机过程的基础上，增加了在强风工况下风力发电机组的控制过程，其主要包括 以下 A- C三个步骤。
[0013] 步骤 A. 监测发电机组状态，风机正常运行则执行步骤 B，风机故障则停机。
[0014] 步骤 B. 监测风速：当风速大于最大运行风速，例如大于 30m/s时，则停机；当风速 小于或等于切出风速，例如小于或等于 25m/S时，则执行步骤 A,返回正常运行状态；否则执 行步骤 (：。 其中，最大风速和切出风速根据不同风力发电机组的实际载荷计算得到。
[0015] 步骤 C. 通过变桨系统调节桨叶角度，减少受风面积以降低风载荷的影响，降低发 电机转速，缩减功率输出，通过降低发电量，以确保风机的安全运行。
[0016] 请配合参阅图 2所示，实现本发明控制方法的强风控制曲线，是结合变桨角度和 风机转子转速综合考虑整机载荷状况以获取的最佳曲线形式，以此来指导步骤 C的控制程 度，可有效避免风机的能量损失，提高工作效率。 该曲线是基于风力发电机组安全要求，载 荷分析和现有控制系统存在的缺陷提出的，其实现步骤如下：首先计算风力发电机组在切 出风速（例如 25m/S)时各种极端工况下的载荷满足设计安全要求；然后通过增加风速直至 最大运行风速（例如 30m/S)，逐步分析在不同的变桨角度和较低转速工况下整个机组的各 种极端载荷，在满足设计安全要求下从其中得到最佳效率点；最后通过这些最佳效率点即 可拟合得出强风控制曲线。
[0017] 本发明强风下风力发电机组的控制方法，对于风力发电机组大风速运行工况下， 在正常的功率曲线基础上，引入了强风控制曲线，当风速超过切出风速时，通过降低风机出 力来减少风载荷的影响；当风速低于切出风速时，快速返回正常发电状态。本发明通过强风 控制曲线的控制方式，避免了在大风速工况下传统的风机切入、切出控制方式引起的启停 过程，在保证风机安全性的前提下提高了风机的可利用率和发电量，增强了风机的使用寿 命。
[0018] 以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，本 领域技术人员利用上述揭示的技术内容做出些许简单修改、等同变化或修饰，均落在本发 明的保护范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种强风下风力发电机组的控制方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
A. 监测发电机组状态，风机正常运行则执行步骤 B，风机故障则停机；
B. 监测风速,风速大于最大运行风速则停机，风速小于或等于切出风速则执行步骤 A， 否则执行步骤 C；
C. 缩减功率输出。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的强风下风力发电机组的控制方法，其特征在于所述的缩减功 率输出通过调节桨叶角度和 /或降低发电机转速来实现。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的强风下风力发电机组的控制方法，其特征在于所述的步骤 C 是按照强风控制曲线来具体控制功率输出。
PCT/CN2011/000626 2010-05-14 2011-04-11 强风下风力发电机组的控制方法 WO2011140818A1 (zh)

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LU92010A LU92010B1 (en) 2010-05-14 2011-04-11 Controlling method for a wind turbine set under strong wind

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CN201010171988XA CN101832230B (zh) 2010-05-14 2010-05-14 强风下风力发电机组的控制方法

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AU2018327223B2 (en) * 2018-01-31 2020-08-06 Beijing Goldwind Science & Creation Windpower Equipment Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for self-adaption of a cut-out strategy
CN114198250A (zh) * 2020-09-02 2022-03-18 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 风电机组的变桨控制方法和装置

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CN101832230B (zh) * 2010-05-14 2012-08-29 广西银河风力发电有限公司 强风下风力发电机组的控制方法
CN102121456B (zh) * 2011-01-21 2013-01-02 中科恒源科技股份有限公司 一种抗强风小型风力发电机
CN103597206B (zh) * 2011-05-06 2016-09-07 维斯塔斯风力系统集团公司 用于保护风力涡轮机不受极端状况影响的方法和装置
CN102278278B (zh) * 2011-07-20 2013-06-05 许继集团有限公司 一种风力发电机组安全控制系统及安全控制方法
CN103362745A (zh) * 2012-04-10 2013-10-23 台达电子工业股份有限公司 风力发电系统
CN102705160B (zh) * 2012-05-28 2015-05-27 华锐风电科技(江苏)有限公司 风电机组的转速控制方法和装置
CN103161667B (zh) * 2013-02-18 2016-01-06 一重集团大连设计研究院有限公司 一种风电机组载荷的控制系统及其控制方法
CN104806448A (zh) * 2015-05-15 2015-07-29 长沙理工大学 基于风速预测的风力发电机再切入控制方法
CN105649876B (zh) * 2015-12-31 2018-10-19 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 风力发电机组的控制方法和装置
CN106351792A (zh) * 2016-11-24 2017-01-25 重集团大连设计研究院有限公司 一种风电机组的载荷降低系统及其工作方法
CN108266316A (zh) * 2017-12-27 2018-07-10 太原重工股份有限公司 抗台风风电机组及抗台风控制方法
CN112761875B (zh) * 2021-01-13 2022-11-15 国电联合动力技术有限公司 一种风电机组柔性功率自调节智能控制系统
CN113153637B (zh) * 2021-04-28 2023-04-07 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 兆瓦级风电机组切出风速柔性拓展控制方法及系统

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AU2018327223B2 (en) * 2018-01-31 2020-08-06 Beijing Goldwind Science & Creation Windpower Equipment Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for self-adaption of a cut-out strategy
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CN114198250B (zh) * 2020-09-02 2023-10-31 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 风电机组的变桨控制方法和装置

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