WO2011138127A1 - Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un système d'injection et système d'injection comportant une soupape d'injection et un dispositif de commande - Google Patents

Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un système d'injection et système d'injection comportant une soupape d'injection et un dispositif de commande Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011138127A1
WO2011138127A1 PCT/EP2011/055533 EP2011055533W WO2011138127A1 WO 2011138127 A1 WO2011138127 A1 WO 2011138127A1 EP 2011055533 W EP2011055533 W EP 2011055533W WO 2011138127 A1 WO2011138127 A1 WO 2011138127A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
valve
value
closing
injection
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/055533
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Beer
Stephan Bolz
Original Assignee
Continental Automotive Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Continental Automotive Gmbh filed Critical Continental Automotive Gmbh
Publication of WO2011138127A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011138127A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D2041/1409—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using at least a proportional, integral or derivative controller
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2037—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit for preventing bouncing of the valve needle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
    • F02D2041/2058—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using information of the actual current value

Definitions

  • Method for operating an injection system and an injection system which has an injection valve and a control device.
  • the invention relates to a method for operating an injection system. Furthermore, the invention relates to a Einspritzsys ⁇ tem, which has an injection valve and a control device.
  • An injection system in particular the injection system for a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine, may have an injection valve and a control device.
  • an injection valve needle Upon closing of the inlet valve an injection valve needle can bounce off a valve seat from ⁇ or perform any bouncing process, whereby an operation of the injection system and especially the injection ⁇ valve may be impaired.
  • a hydraulic damping located in through the injection valve (injector, injector) fuel can the undesired bouncing of the valve needle (injector needle) ver ⁇ reduces or prevented.
  • a fuel path in the injector can be dimensioned via throttle points so that bouncing occurring is hydraulically damped.
  • a method of operating an injection system comprising an injector and a controller, the injector having a valve needle and a valve seat.
  • the method comprises opening the injection valve by moving the valve needle away from the valve seat by means of an opening force, closing the injection valve by means of a valve
  • Closing force of the valve needle is moved to the valve seat, determining a value of a guide parameter, which is indicative of a closing behavior of the injection valve, and regulating a force applied to the valve needle counterforce by the control device based on the value of the guide parameter, wherein the reaction force gere gere ⁇ gelt is that a bouncing of the valve needle is reduced to the valve seat.
  • an injection system which has an injection valve and a control device, wherein the injection valve has a valve needle and a valve seat.
  • the injection system is set up in such a way that the injection valve is open by means of an opening force, in that the valve needle can be moved away from the valve seat by means of the opening force and the injection valve can be closed by means of a closing force. del on the valve seat by means of the closing force is movable.
  • the injection valve is arranged so that a value of a guide parameter is be ⁇ tunable for the injection valve, which is indicative of a closing behavior of the injector, and that a lying on the valve needle at ⁇ counter-force is adjustable.
  • the counterforce can be regulated by means of the control device based on the value of the guide parameter , wherein the counterforce can be regulated such that bouncing of the valve needle on the valve seat is reduced.
  • injection may refer to a device with which generates an injection quantity of a fluid and can be ge ⁇ controls.
  • the injection system may represent a fuel injection system, which is part of a
  • Combustion engine may be construed and which may serve the purpose of determining or changing the injection amount of a fuel which is injected into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. As a result, like the single injection system a power output of the engine ver ⁇ be changed.
  • the injection system may further comprise supply lines for fuel and electrical leads for the transfer Mitt ⁇ lung of signals and electric power. Furthermore, the injection system may have a fuel pump with which a fuel pressure may be generated in the injection system.
  • the term "injector” may refer to a part of the Einspritzsys ⁇ tems.
  • the injection valve may in particular have a valve needle which can be moved in the injection valve and a fluid supply line or fuel supply line.
  • the injection valve may have a valve seat, wherein the valve needle and the valve seat may be brought into mutual positive engagement so that an injection or escape of Fuel from a nozzle of the injection valve may be suppressed at a gege ⁇ benen fuel pressure.
  • a state in which the positive connection is given, may be referred to as a closed state of the injection valve.
  • the injection valve may have a spring, which by means of a spring force closing the
  • control device may refer to another part of the injection system which allows control of movement of the valve needle.
  • controlling the control device may be done electronically.
  • the controller like software-based, hardwareba ⁇ Siert or kidney-based functional on a hybrid design.
  • the controller may be part of an electronic engine controller or identical to the engine controller.
  • the control device may be located in the region of an engine compartment or located in another region of a motor vehicle.
  • opening the injector may refer to any process in which the valve needle moves away from the valve seat.
  • a force for the opening of the injection ⁇ valve, a force, for example, an inertial force due to a movement of the valve needle, be the cause.
  • the injection valve may be in the open state.
  • the opened state of the injection valve may indicate a state of the injector. valve, in which the fuel reaches a maximum flow rate for a given cycle.
  • opening force may denote a force which, for example, against a force of a fuel pressure and the closing spring acting, the opening of the injector ago ⁇ call may.
  • the opening force may be caused by technical measures ⁇ take in the injection valve.
  • the opening force may be generated by means of a coil.
  • the coil, which applies the opening force may like
  • Injector coil can be called.
  • the opening force may also be generated in another way, such as mechanically, with ⁇ means of a cam.
  • the opening force may in particular ⁇ sondere be controllable by the control device.
  • closing the injector may refer to any operation where the valve needle and valve seat approach each other.
  • a force such as partly an inertial force due to movement of the valve needle, be ur ⁇ neuter.
  • the injector may be in a closed state.
  • the closed state of the injection valve may designate a state of the injection valve in which the valve needle and the valve seat reach a positive connection or are in mutual positive engagement or a form fit is substantially achieved, so that hardly more fuel can be injected.
  • closing force may refer to a force that may cause closing of the injector.
  • Closing force may be partly based on a force which is also partially generated by means of the fuel pressure. Wei ⁇ terhin like the closing force by means of technical measures Injection valve are caused.
  • the closing force may be generated by means of a spring.
  • closing behavior may refer to a process which is in an open state of the
  • Injector valve begins, which has the closing of the injection ⁇ valve and at the end of time, the injection valve may be permanently closed before fol ⁇ ing the injection valve again, for example, targeted, may be brought into an open state. So like the term “closing behavior" only such period in the cycle not capture, in which the injection valve reaches a geöff ⁇ Neten state. In particular, the period of the
  • Closing behavior motion operations in the injection valve aufwei sen which may have a partial opening of the valve, which may occur as a result of rebound of the valve needle from the valve seat. By describing the bounce, therefore, a part of the closing behavior may be describable.
  • value of a guide parameter may be a combination ⁇ position, such as a multi-dimensional matrix of size values and / or numerical values which are determined from variable values.
  • the size values may be determinable from measured values.
  • the value of the guide parameter may be indicative of the closing behavior of the injection valve, wherein the guide parameter may have one or more reference variables.
  • the reference variables may likewise be indicative of the closing behavior, for example individually or together.
  • a reference variable may be, for example, the speed with which the valve needle strikes the valve seat when closing. The higher the speed of the Ven ⁇ tilnadel when hitting the valve seat, the stronger ⁇ res bouncing may occur.
  • Another reference variable may be playing as well as the closing time at ⁇ , that is the time that the valve needle is needed to reach the valve seat when closing.
  • the term "counterforce” may refer to a force acting on the valve needle and which is controllable.
  • the counterforce may not be in a dependency relationship with the force resulting from the fuel pressure.
  • the counterforce may thus be regulated independently of the fuel pressure.
  • the counterforce may be generated within and / or by means of the injection valve.
  • the counterforce may be applied in a Rich ⁇ direction, which is opposite to a direction of closing, during the closing of the injection valve.
  • the counterforce may be applied before or during a prelo- len .
  • the opposing force may applied ⁇ to during an open state of the injector.
  • the counterforce may be applied after an open state and before closing the valve needle.
  • the drag may be at the beginning of closing is ⁇ sets.
  • the term "bouncing" may refer to a process in which the valve needle performs a movement which occurs as a result of closing the injector, wherein the valve needle with the valve seat at least twice reaches a positive fit before the valve again by means of the opening ⁇ force a opened state with which a new cycle may begin. Between the two or more times reaching the positive connection may therefore remove the valve needle from the valve seat.
  • the bouncing may occur as a result of an elastic shock between the valve needle and the valve seat after closing the valve needle from the open state.
  • a method of operating an injector valve may be provided whereby bouncing may be reduced, suppressed, or prevented.
  • the closing of the injection valve may be more physical using measured values
  • the measured values may be based on measurements of electrical quantities, such as, for example, a measurement of the current, the voltage, the capacitance and / or the inductance.
  • the measurements may be based on an optical, magnetic, magneto-optical measurement.
  • a reference variable may be determinable by means of which the closing behavior of the injection valve can be determined and / or predicted. Also, several reference variables may be determinable from the measurements which determine and / or predict the closing behavior of the injection valve.
  • the value of the guide parameter may have one or more values of reference values. From the value of the guide parameter, the opposing force may be determinable, by means of which the Prel ⁇ len the valve needle is prevented. Depending on the knowledge of the injection valve, the opposing force may be controllable based on one or more measured values of one or more physical variables in such a way that bouncing is completely prevented.
  • the fuel pressure and the injector temperature may have an influence on the closing behavior of the injection valve.
  • the regulation of the counterforce may be based on one or more experimentally determined maps, which have a dependence of the closing behavior of the fuel pressure and / or the injector temperature.
  • the guidance parameter may be determined based on a map, the map having a dependency of the guidance parameter of Fuel pressure and / or the injector temperature reflects.
  • the reference size may be based on a
  • Characteristic map can be determined, wherein the characteristic field a dependence ⁇ speed of the reference variable of the fuel pressure and / or the
  • Injector temperature reflects.
  • a method wherein the injection valve has a coil and wherein the guide parameter has a voltage-value-based reference variable whose value can be determined based on a measured value of an induced voltage at the coil.
  • the closing time may be determined by means of a determination of a local maximum voltage in the coil from a voltage measurement and the calculation of a reference model subsequently. In particular, the closing time may be determined from measuring the self-induction voltage ⁇ .
  • a method is provided, wherein the guide parameter comprises a current-value-based guide ⁇ size whose value based on a measured value of current is determined by the coil.
  • a holding phase in which the injection valve may be held in a ge ⁇ opened state, is followed by a Ab ⁇ switching phase, which may be characterized in that one for holding magnet armature and valve needle on the
  • Time at which the Injektorspule maral ⁇ tet is switched off may be referred to as zero time.
  • a stable state may have set in the injector coil.
  • the value of the current flowing in the injector coil that may be determined shortly before the zero time or zero time ⁇ point, ie, in particular before the current value significantly decreases by switching off the voltage. From the measured value of the current to zero time or shortly before like in particular the closing behavior of the injector before his ⁇ speakable.
  • the value for the current may allow determining a state of the magnetic circuit.
  • a period of time may be predictable that the valve needle requires from zero time to hit the valve seat.
  • the closing time may be the time duration which begins with the zero time and ends with the first time of the on ⁇ meeting of the valve needle on the valve seat.
  • a knowledge of the mentioned reciprocal relationship between the self-induction ⁇ voltage and current in the injector coil may include a simple relationship between current, voltage and resistance. In particular, however, knowledge of further relationships may be necessary for this purpose, which in particular may require a precise knowledge of the magnetic circuit.
  • a method wherein the counter force is applied in a direction which is opposite to a direction of closing, and / or wherein the counter force is applied in a direction which is opposite to the direction of opening.
  • the counterforce may be applied against the direction of closing, so that when closing the injection valve, the valve ⁇ needle is braked. As a result, a bouncing of the Ventilna ⁇ del may be reduced or completely suppressed on the valve seat, since the speed of the valve needle is limited. Furthermore, may be the counter-force against the direction of opening is inserted ⁇ with the valve seat in a form-fit of the valve needle may be reduced so that an opening of the injection valve or completely suppressed.
  • the counter force wel ⁇ surface against the direction of opening is applied may be applied at ⁇ play of a coil, which is not an injector coil.
  • a method is provided, wherein the coil is an injector coil and wherein the counter ⁇ force is a braking force, which by means of applying a
  • injector coil may refer to a coil with which the valve needle may be brought into an open state of the injection valve. Also likes with the
  • Injector coil is applied, counteract the direction of movement when closing the valve needle and thus slow the movement of the valve needle. Limiting the speed of the valve needle associated with the braking of the valve needle may reduce or completely prevent bouncing.
  • controlling comprises determining a value of a system size determined based on the value of the guidance parameter.
  • value of a system quantity may denote values of physical quantities on which the counterforce or the braking force may be controlled based. For example, based on a boost voltage, which is applied at a specific time and for a specific duration, a current and thus a magnetic field in the injector coil can be produced, which causes the braking force.
  • the Systemgrö ⁇ SSE like extending the boost voltage or the applied voltage so that the time of voltage application and the time ⁇ duration for which the voltage is applied have.
  • the method comprises: determining a value of the system quantity, based on the voltage-based command, wherein said voltage based Füh ⁇ approximate size is determined from the measured value of the induced voltage during a cycle, and determining a value of the system quantity, based on the current-based Füh ⁇ approximate size, wherein the stream-based command from the overall measured value of the current during another cycle be ⁇ is true.
  • a cycle may signify a period of a periodic operation in which the injector is first opened and then closed. It may advantageously be determined to be different Füh ⁇ approximate sizes at different cycles. For example, a reference variable, which may be a measured
  • Closing time indicates to be determined in a cycle.
  • the reference variable may be determined based on which determined an expected closing time if you like ⁇ .
  • the cycle and the further cycle may be selected as desired in their Rei ⁇ disassembly. In particular, it may be directly consecutive cycles. Alternatively, it may be cycles that do not directly follow each other.
  • a method comprising determining a value of the system quantity, which in particular motor determines a time period for applying the counter, by means of a control deviation in a control ⁇ circle, wherein the error signal is determined which consists of a Diffe ⁇ Renz voltage-based reference, which is determined at a second time in a cycle, and the current-valued reference, which is determined at a first time in the cycle, the second time in the cycle following the first time in the cycle.
  • the current value-based command variable may be determined with which the closing behavior for this cycle may be predicted.
  • determining the current value-based command variable may be based on the measurement of the current in the coil, the measurement of the fuel pressure and the measurement the injector temperature. From the value for the current, the value for the fuel pressure and the value of
  • Injector temperature may be determined in particular by means of a predetermined map, the current value-based command variable.
  • the current value based leadership size may in particular go as a target value for the reference variable in the control difference a ⁇ .
  • the closing behavior may be predictable by means of the current-value-based reference variable.
  • the injection valve may close.
  • Basie ⁇ rend on the voltage value based command may at a second time in the cycle, which is after the first point in the cycle, be determinable, the closing timing.
  • the control circuit may be based on a soft ⁇ ware, hardware or hybrid application. Based on the control difference may like by means of the controller
  • Controller output in particular the time duration for which the boost voltage is applied to be determined.
  • the time duration for which the boost voltage is applied as well as the time at which the boost voltage is applied may cause a current in the injector coil, which may be considered as a manipulated variable.
  • control loop is a PID control loop.
  • a PID loop may be suitable to deliver a re ⁇ gelung for the injection valve since the PID controller may combine advantageous properties of other controls.
  • the magnetic circuit of the injector may be constructed of magnetic mate rials ⁇ which may have a very high electrical resistance.
  • Injector bouncing and thus may be derived a suitable reference variable for a control loop.
  • a braking current pulse may be imposed after switching off the injector current at the end of the holding phase, via a control ⁇ circle.
  • the brake current pulse may generate a magnetic field in the injector, which may slow down the speed of armature and associated Ventilna ⁇ del in the closing process and thus may reduce the bounce of the injector.
  • a measure of the closing speed of the valve needle and the intensity of the injector bouncing correlating therewith may be derived from a separated movement-induced stress in the case of injector closure.
  • the derived measure may serve as a reference variable for an electronic anti-bounce control.
  • a brake current pulse may be imposed as a manipulated variable after switching off the injector current at the end.
  • the brake current pulse may have a magnetic field in the injector.
  • nerieren which may slow down the speed of the armature and the associated valve needle during the closing process, since the built-up magnetic force may counteract the acting in the closing direction spring and hydraulic force. In this way, the bounce of the injector may be reduced or completely suppressed.
  • An indicated algorithm for electronic anti-bounce control may be used in the engine control unit.
  • the regulation may be made individually for each injector installed on the engine.
  • FIG. 1 shows a typical current-driving profile and the ent ⁇ speaking voltage curve for a direct injection valve with a coil drive.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detection of the closing time based on a time derivative of the voltage curve induced in the coil.
  • Figure 3 shows a detection of the closing timing under INTENT a reference voltage waveform, which characterizes the Indukti ⁇ ons bin in the coil due to the decay of Wirbelströ ⁇ men in the magnet armature.
  • FIG. 4 shows a final stage provided for driving a valve, which has a reference generator for generating the reference voltage curve.
  • FIG. 5 shows an extension for the reference generator shown in FIG. 4 for generating higher-order reference voltage profiles.
  • FIG. 6 shows a differential amplifier for forming the difference between an induced coil voltage and a reference voltage profile.
  • FIG. 7 shows the time profiles of an induced coil voltage, a reference voltage and the difference between the induced coil voltage and the reference voltage.
  • FIG. 8 shows a current control profile and the corresponding voltage curve of the coil with an impressed counter voltage.
  • Introductory to Figure 1 may be discussed on the basic technical and physical conditions in the operation of injection systems or in the operation of injectors.
  • the main requirement of the injection valve is in addition to tightness against uncontrolled fuel outflow, the Strahlaufberei ⁇ tion, the time and quantity exact metering of the pre ⁇ controlled injection quantity.
  • the quantity of fuel to be injected is dimensioned such that an optimum lambda for exhaust gas aftertreatment in the catalytic converter is set. is presented.
  • the fuel is injected at a pressure in the range of 40-200 bar directly into the combustion chamber.
  • the injection valve consists of the main components Linearan ⁇ drive with coil and the valve group.
  • the drive converts an applied electrical voltage via a current flow into a magnetic field, which exerts a magnetic force on the armature and the positively connected valve needle.
  • MatterT the magnetic force axially acting on the armature, the sum of the force acting on the valve needle spring force of the closing spring, the Rei ⁇ exercise force and the hydraulic closing force and the Träg ⁇ integrated force of the moving mass, so it comes to a lifting anchor and the valve needle.
  • the valve group consists of the armature and the form ⁇ conclusively connected valve needle, the valve seat body and the nozzle plate.
  • the magnetic force is about the anchor valve needle about 80 ⁇ raised from the valve seat body and the nozzle plate, whereby a free cross-section is released in the nozzle plate, so that ⁇ fuel can escape from the injection valve.
  • To close the injector occurs after switching off the electrical voltage on the drop in the current when the spring force and hydraulic force exceed the inertial forces of the masses and the decreasing magnetic force. It comes to ei ⁇ ner resulting axial force, which accelerate the valve needle and the connected armature in the direction of the valve seat body.
  • valve needle By striking the valve needle on the valve seat body, there is a central inelastic impact, with the result that the valve needle by the elastic forces is deflected again in the opening direction and thus again escapes fuel through the free cross section in the nozzle plate.
  • This unwanted process is called bouncing the injection valve.
  • the height of the fuel ⁇ pressure the spring constant of the closing spring and the stroke of the valve needle may cause one or more bounce.
  • the bouncing process injects an additional amount of fuel, which results in a deviation from the nominal injection quantity set by the pilot control.
  • the mixture preparation of the amount of fuel injected in the bouncing process is insufficient, as it comes to throttling effects in the valve seat due to the small valve needle and thus the fuel pressure responsible for the mixture formation is greatly reduced at the nozzle plate.
  • the method for operating an injection valve may be based on a determination of the closing time of a solenoid-operated fuel injection valve (injector coil drive) on the basis of an evaluation of the drive voltage, which is a method for detecting the mechanical closing time of a valve needle which is positively connected to the magnetic armature of the injection valve may be connected.
  • the process may therefore based on the effect that after ⁇ From turn of the drive the closing movement of armature and associated valve needle leads to a ssensab ⁇ dependent influencing the injector voltage.
  • the spool-driven injection valve is switched off after switching off the
  • Magnetic anchor to a voltage induction in the injector coil.
  • the maximum occurring movement induction voltage characterizes the maximum speed of the magnetic needle and there ⁇ with the timing of the mechanical closing of the valve needle.
  • a measure of the intensity of the injector bounce may be obtained from characteristic characteristics of the derived movement induction voltage at the injector closure and thus to derive a suitable reference variable for a control loop. Based on the deviation of the reference variable from a setpoint value by switching off the injector current may, at the end of the holding phase, a brake current pulse to be superimposed via ei ⁇ loop control circuit.
  • the brake current pulse may generate a magnetic field in the injector, which slow down the speed of armature and associated valve needle in the closing process and thus may reduce the bounce ⁇ tilt of the injector.
  • the applied counterforce may be controllable in such a way that bouncing is reduced.
  • the electrical control of a direct injection valve he ⁇ usually follows via current-controlled full-bridge amplifiers the engine control.
  • a full-bridge output stage makes it possible to supply the injection valve with an onboard supply voltage of the motor vehicle and, alternatively, with an amplification voltage.
  • the amplification voltage is often called
  • Boost voltage (U_boost) and may for example be about 60 V.
  • Figure 1 shows a typical current control profile I (thick solid line) for a direct injection valve with a coil drive.
  • Figure 1 also shows the corresponding voltage U (thin solid line), which may abut the direct injection ⁇ valve.
  • the control may be divided into the following Pha ⁇ sen:
  • the battery voltage U_bat may be switched off by a two-point controller, and after falling below a further current threshold, U_bat may be switched on again.
  • Boost phase The pre-charge phase may be followed by the boost phase.
  • the gain ⁇ voltage U_boost may be as long as applied to the coil drive from the final stage, until a maximum current I_peak may be achieved. Due to the rapid current build-up, the injection valve may open at an accelerated rate. After reaching I_peak may connect a freewheeling phase by the end of t_l while in turn created the battery voltage to the coil drive U_bat who likes ⁇ .
  • the duration Ti of the electrical control may be measured from the beginning of the boost phase. This may mean that the transition into the freewheeling phase by reaching the given maximum current I_peak may be triggered.
  • the duration t_l the boost phase may be fixed in dependence on the fuel pressure ⁇ .
  • a self-induction voltage may arise here, which may be essentially limited to the boost voltage U_boost.
  • the voltage limitation during the self-induction may be made up of the sum of U_boost, and the forward voltages ⁇ a recuperation and a so-called. Freilaufdi ⁇ ode. The sum of these voltages may be referred to as
  • Recuperation voltage can be called. Due to a differential voltage measurement, which may underlie FIG. 1, the recuperation voltage in the commutation phase is shown as negative.
  • the recuperation voltage may cause a current to flow through the coil, which may reduce the magnetic field.
  • the Abkommut réelles phase may be timed and may depend on the battery voltage U_bat and the duration t_l the boost phase.
  • the Abkommut réelles phase may end after a wei ⁇ n time t_2.
  • D) holding phase The so-called holding phase may follow the commutation phase.
  • the desired value for the holding current setpoint I_hold can be adjusted via the battery voltage U_bat via a two-point controller.
  • Shutdown phase By switching off the voltage may be a
  • Self-induction voltage arise, which, as explained above, may be limited to the recuperation voltage. This may cause a current flow through the coil, which may now degrade the magnetic field. After crossing the negative here shown recuperation voltage no current flows. This condition may also be called "open coil”. Due to the ohmic resistances of the magnetic material, the eddy currents induced during the field breakdown of the coil may decay. The decrease of the eddy currents in turn may lead to a field change in the magnetic coil and thus to a voltage ⁇ induction. This induction effect may cause the voltage value at the injector to increase to zero starting from the level of the recuperation voltage after the course of an exponential function. The injector may close after reduction of the magnetic force on the spring force and the hydraulic pressure caused by the fuel ⁇ pressure.
  • the switching off of the voltage across the coil of the injection valve may lead to a self-induction voltage, which may be limited by the Rekuperationshim.
  • the recuperation voltage may typically be slightly larger than the boost voltage in magnitude. As long as the self-induction voltage exceeds the recuperation voltage, there may be a current flow in the coil and the magnetic field in the coil may be degraded.
  • the timing of this Ef ⁇ Anlagenes is marked in Figure 1 with "I".
  • the coil may be electrically in the so-called "open coil” operation. Due to the ohmic resistances of the likes ⁇ netic material of the armature induced in the field decay of the coil, eddy currents may subside exponentially. The decrease of the eddy currents in turn may lead to a field change in the coil and thus to the induction of a voltage. This induction effect may result in that the voltage across the coil ⁇ worth starting from the level of
  • valve needle 1 After the mechanical closing of the valve needle, a bouncing process may typically take place in which the valve needle 1 is again deflected out of the closed position for a short time. the likes. As a result of the spring tension and the applied fuel pressure, the valve needle may however be pressed into the valve seat ⁇ again. Closing the valve after the
  • the method may be based on detecting the closing time of the injection valve from the induced voltage curve in the switch-off phase. As will he ⁇ explained in detail, this detection may be performed by different methods.
  • Figure 2 shows various waveforms at the end of the hold phase and in the shutdown phase.
  • the transition between the hold phase and the turn-off phase may occur at the turn-off time, represented by a vertical dashed line.
  • the current through the coil may be Darge ⁇ represents by the reference numeral 100 is provided with the curve in the unit of ampere.
  • In the turn-off phase may result from a Kochla ⁇ delay the induction effect due to Magnetanker- and valve needle speed and the induction effect due to the decay of the eddy currents induced aistssig ⁇ nal 110th
  • the voltage signal 110 is shown in the unit 10 volts.
  • the curve provided with reference numeral 120 represents the time derivative ofistssig ⁇ nals 110. In this derivative 120, the closing time at a local minimum 121 may be recognizable. After the rebounding process, another closing time may be recognized at a further minimum 122. Further, in FIG 2, a curve 150 is shown which Darge ⁇ represents the fuel flow in units of grams per second. It can be seen that the measured fuel flow through the injection valve drops very rapidly shortly after the detected closing time from above.
  • the determination of the derivative 120 may also be performed only within a limited time interval containing the expected closing time.
  • this approach may extend the ⁇ to the re-closing of the valve due to a prel ⁇ lumbar valve needle at a time t C Jose Bounce ren to be detected. To do this defines a time interval having the width
  • tciose_Bounce_Ex P ected may be set relative to the closing time t c i ose via tciose_Bounce_Ex P ected.
  • Umin Bounce min ⁇ dV (t) / dt I th I Bounce J tclose_Bounce - ⁇ t G Ißounce IU (t) - U m i n ⁇ B 0unce ⁇ 3 shows a detection of the closing timing under Ver ⁇ use of a reference voltage curve, which the Indukti ⁇ ons bin in the coil due to the decay of Wirbelströ ⁇ men characterized in the armature.
  • Figure 3 as well as in Figure 2, the end of the hold phase and the turn-off phase are shown.
  • the measured voltage curve 110 which may result from a superposition of the induction effect due to the air gap and the identical valve needle speed and the induction effect due to the decay of the eddy currents, is the same as in FIG. 2.
  • the coil current 100 is also compared to FIG unchanged.
  • a corresponding reference clamping ⁇ voltage signal may be provided by the curve with the reference numeral 215 represents ⁇ .
  • the differential voltage signal 230 may thus characterize the movement-related Indutationsef ⁇ fect and may be a direct measure of the Ge ⁇ speed of the armature and the valve needle.
  • the Maximum 231 of the differential voltage signal 230 may be the maximum or Magnetanker- valve needle speed characterization ⁇ reindeer, which may be achieved on the valve seat immediately before the impact of the needle. Thus, like the maximum 231 of the differential voltage signal are used to determine the ⁇ did extraneous closing time t c i ose.
  • a simple phenomenological reference model may be cited below.
  • the reference model may be calculated online in the electronic engine control.
  • other physical model approaches are also conceivable.
  • the coil may then be in electrical "open coil” mode.
  • the reference voltage curve 215 may be measured for a reference injector on the injection test stand at a fuel pressure that is greater than the maximum opening pressure.
  • the injector may be clamped hydraulically in a closed position despite electrical control.
  • the voltage curve measured in the switch-off phase may therefore characterize exclusively the voltage component induced by exponentially decaying eddy currents.
  • the model parameter (s) of the reference model may then be optimized in offline mode in such a way that the best possible agreement with the measured voltage profile 215 is achieved. This may be achieved in a known manner via the minimization of a quality measure by means of a gradient search method.
  • Injector temperature and Ihoid may be stored according to the embodiment shown here by a map.
  • the closing time may, as above, result from the determination of the local maximum of the voltage difference 230 between the reference model 215 and the measured induction voltage 110. This evaluation may in turn take place in the time interval I with the width 2At BO unce at the expected closing time tciose Expected.
  • the algorithm may be expanded by defi ⁇ nition of an appropriate observation time interval to animals to be detected reclosing of the injector at the time tciose bounce due to a bouncing injector needle.
  • the course of the reference voltage signal 215 is not only by means of a suitably programmed computer unit be ⁇ expect but also like an electronic circuit, ie in hardware, can be simulated.
  • a circuit for detecting the closing time may advantageously consist of three functional groups: a) A generator circuit for generating the reference voltage signal 215, which simulates the exponentially decaying coil voltage induced by the eddy currents in synchronism with the connection process. The generator circuit is also referred to below as a reference generator.
  • FIG. 4 shows a final stage provided for driving a valve, which may have such a reference generator 360 for generating the reference voltage curve.
  • the transistors Tl, T2 and T3 are switched off by means of the control signals Controll, Control2 and Control3.
  • the voltage generated by the magnetic flux in the injector coil L_inj may cause the voltage at the recuperation diode D1 to increase until the recuperation diode D1 and a freewheeling diode D3 become conductive and a current flow is produced between the boost voltage V_boost and ground (GND).
  • the coil voltage in FIGS. 2 and 3 is shown as differential voltage. Dement ⁇ speaking, the turn-off voltage has negative values. In the re ⁇ alen circuit, however, the left side of the coil approximately L_inj may be at ground here, whereas the right side of the coil L_inj may be due to a positive voltage value.
  • the coil voltage V_Spule via a diode D12 may be directed to the emitter of an NPN transistor T10 to ⁇ .
  • Whose base potential is by means of a clamping ⁇ voltage divider, which may comprise the diodes D10 and Dil and resistor RIO, is determined to a value of approximately 1.4 V below the voltage of V_Boost.
  • T10 may be de-energized because of the then reversely operated diode D12, so that the voltage across the resistor RH is 0 V.
  • the coil voltage V_spool may rise to V_boost plus the flux voltage from the diode Dl.
  • the transistor T10 may be turned on and charges a capacitor Cll, so that the voltage
  • V_Reference may quickly increase to the value of V_boost.
  • the charging current through the transistor T10 may be much larger than the discharge current through the resistor RH. If the coil is discharged to the extent that their voltage from ⁇ falls below V_Boost, disables T10 and the capacitor Cll may now be discharged through the resistor RH.
  • the discharge curve has the desired exponentially decaying profile, which may be synchronized in time with the course of the coil voltage V_spole.
  • FIG. 5 shows an extension for the reference generator shown in FIG. 4 for generating reference voltage profiles of higher exponential order.
  • the supplementary ⁇ circuit 470 includes a capacitor Cll, two in parallel resistors connected in series RIIa and Rllb and a pa rallel ⁇ connected to Rllb capacitor C12.
  • the difference between the coil signal and the reference signal may be done with a differential amplifiers 580 beschal ⁇ ended operational amplifier 582, respectively.
  • Such a differential amplifier 580 is shown in FIG.
  • the differential amplifier 580 has four resistors R20, R21, R22 and R23 which are respectively connected to the positive or the negative input of the operational amplifier 582.
  • the movement-induced Spulenspan ⁇ tion V_BEMF which is indicated in Figure 2 by the reference numeral 230, available.
  • FIG. 7 shows the time profiles of the induced coil voltage 610 (V_spool), the reference voltage 615 (V_reference) and the difference voltage 630 (V_BEMF) between the induced coil voltage 610 and the motion-induced reference voltage 610.
  • the differential voltage 630 may be evaluated for example with ei ⁇ ner circuit in the German patent application DE 10 2005 044 886 AI (see Figures 6 and 7) is explained in detail.
  • V_BEMF the generated difference here ⁇ clamping voltage
  • these may be applied directly to the base of the transistor Tl of the known in the figures 6 and 7 of DE 10 2005 044 886 AI electronic evaluation circuit described.
  • the resistors R1-R4, and Cl and D3 accounts for this known evaluation circuit. Further changes to this known evaluation circuit are not required. It should be noted that the ⁇ be written in this document circuits are only possible working examples to explain the operation. Of course, other circuit variants are conceivable.
  • the described method in this document can be used to de- tetation of closing the control valve at a Dieselein ⁇ injection valve with coil drive. Furthermore, the method described can also be used for detection of the closing ⁇ hrss of the valve needle in a direct drive diesel injection valve with coil drive.
  • the induction voltage which is caused by the armature movement, can be separated from the voltage curve in the turn-off phase.
  • the time at which the maximum induction voltage may occur describes the mechanical closing of the valve needle.
  • the closing time of the injector may be determinable, in particular, by three different methods:
  • Detection closing time via generation of the reference voltage via a hardware circuit From the separated motion-induced voltage at injector closing may be a measure of the closing speed of the valve needle and the correlating intensity of the
  • the derived measure may be the reference variable for an electronic anti-bounce control.
  • the closing time of the injector may be determined in particular via the reference voltage model.
  • the reference voltage model like the clamping ⁇ extending voltage after switching off the Injektorsstroms (current in the injector coil), which is caused by the induction effect due to the decay of the eddy currents can be calculated by a re ⁇ conference model.
  • This reference voltage curve U INJ MDL may occur at an injector, which may experience no movement of armature and valve needle when energized, due to an excessive hydraulic force (too high fuel pressure).
  • the voltage difference between the gemesse- nen at the injector with a moving armature and valve needle during Ui NJ M ES and the reference model may separate the schisin ⁇ cuted tension effect.
  • the maximum of the motion-induced stress may characterize the maximum armature or valve needle speed change at the time of impact of the valve needle on the valve seat body. So like about the time at which the local maxi ⁇ mum of motion-induced voltage occurs, the injector closing time tciose determined.
  • the evaluation may be in an observation time interval I of width 2At around the expected injector closing time
  • tciose Expected to take place.
  • t i c ose 0 be time ⁇ point at which the injector is turned off at the end of the hold phase.
  • t c i ose may, in slightly different ways, Accordingly, describe the time difference between the end of the holding phase and the closing of the valve needle.
  • t c i may 0S e correlate with the Schstedge ⁇ speed of the valve needle. For example, may decrease ⁇ with an increase in the fuel pressure t c i ose monotonous. The reason for this may be that increasing the fuel pressure may increase the hydraulic closing force, and thus the valve needle and armature may be more accelerated to impact the valve seat body.
  • Measurements may also indicate that the maximum defined in equation 6) for the observation time interval I
  • Udiff_max_bounce max ⁇ U INJ _ MDL (t) - U INJ _ ME s (t)
  • Insbeson ⁇ particular may take place a pilot control the timing of the activation of the brake current pulse.
  • the eddy currents in the magnetic circuit of the injector it may only after a time lag after impressing the braking current pulse to build a magnetic force with braking WIR effect on the armature and the associated valve needle com ⁇ men.
  • the structure of the braking magnetic force may occur shortly before or at the beginning of the armature and needle movement in the direction of valve closing. So that the required temporal correlation between the start of the armature movement and structure of the magnetic force is to ensure with braking effect of the timing of the activa ⁇ tion of the current pulse may depend (t break deiay) from the injector closing time t c Jose.
  • a setpoint specification for the reference variables may take place.
  • the sizes defined in (6), (7), (8), (9) and (10) may be used as control variables w for the regulation.
  • the setpoint w sp a reference variable like as a function of measured ⁇ significant influence variables such as fuel pressure FUP,
  • the controller and the manipulated variable may be more accurately describable.
  • the controller output y N can be determined via a control difference e N via a PID controller.
  • the controller output may correspond to the controlled variable. Since the measurement of feedback variable w Measured N only at discrete times t N - closing the injector - happens like take place zeitdis ⁇ concrete regulation.
  • the return value may also correspond to a reference variable. e N - w sp N w measurec i N (14) K p -e N
  • the controller output y N may determine the time duration for the impressed brake current pulse t reak as a manipulated variable. Due to the discrete-time control, the manipulated variable for the N + 1th injection pulse (next pulse) may be calculated on the basis of the controller output of the Nth pulse (current pulse).
  • the voltage U_boost be applied to the injector coil I on the power amplifier, which it coming for imposing the necessary for bounce-free injector operation Bremsstrom- pulse t break deiay N + like.
  • Controller parameters K p , ⁇ ⁇ , K D may be stored as function of the influencing variables in characteristic diagrams. The determination of
  • Controller parameters may be experimental.
  • FIG. 8 shows a current control profile and the corresponding voltage curve of the coil with an impressed counter voltage.
  • the current profile (810) and the voltage profile (820) may initially have a similar characteristic curve, as it may already be known from FIG.
  • a boost voltage V_boost (822) may be impressed, which may be maintained for a time t reak.
  • the boost voltage V_Boost (822) may thus a drag erzeu ⁇ gen which the closing of the injection valve
  • Boost voltage V_boost (822) may be caused in the coil, a current (812), which causes a magnetic field and thus the counterforce on the coupled with the valve needle armature. With the counterforce may thus be reduced bouncing of Ven ⁇ tilnadel on the valve seat or completely under ⁇ suppressed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un système d'injection qui comporte une soupape d'injection et un dispositif de commande, la soupape d'injection comportant un pointeau de soupape et un siège de soupape. Une valeur d'un paramètre de guidage, qui indique un comportement de fermeture de la soupape d'injection, est déterminée, et une force antagoniste appliquée au pointeau de soupape est régulée au moyen du dispositif de commande, sur la base de la valeur du paramètre de guidage. La force antagoniste est régulée de telle sorte qu'un rebond du pointeau de soupape sur le siège de soupape est réduit.
PCT/EP2011/055533 2010-04-13 2011-04-08 Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un système d'injection et système d'injection comportant une soupape d'injection et un dispositif de commande WO2011138127A1 (fr)

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DE201010014825 DE102010014825A1 (de) 2010-04-13 2010-04-13 Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Einspritzsystems und ein Einspritzsystem, welches ein Einspritzventil und eine Steuervorrichtung aufweist
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WO2016062494A1 (fr) * 2014-10-21 2016-04-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif pour assurer la commande d'au moins une soupape commutable
WO2023180250A1 (fr) * 2022-03-21 2023-09-28 Delphi Technologies Ip Limited Procédé de commande d'injection de carburant
WO2024061500A1 (fr) * 2022-09-21 2024-03-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé de fonctionnement d'un injecteur de gaz

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DE102014202106B3 (de) * 2014-02-05 2015-04-30 Continental Automotive Gmbh Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Einspritzventils sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb mehrerer Einspritzventile
DE102014202096A1 (de) 2014-02-05 2015-08-06 Continental Automotive Gmbh Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Einspritzventils sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb mehrerer Einspritzventile
JP6416674B2 (ja) * 2015-03-24 2018-10-31 株式会社ケーヒン 燃料噴射弁の制御装置
DE102015209783A1 (de) * 2015-05-28 2016-12-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Ansteuerung eines Kraftstoffinjektors
DE102015212666A1 (de) * 2015-07-07 2017-01-12 Continental Automotive Gmbh Verbesserte Ansteuerung eines Kraftstoffinjektors während eines Schließvorgangs
CN109386419B (zh) * 2017-08-09 2021-12-21 罗伯特·博世有限公司 用于阀关闭时间监测的方法、装置和控制单元以及机器可读介质
DE102021101335A1 (de) * 2021-01-22 2022-07-28 Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer SE & Co. KG Verfahren zum Ansteuern eines zur Durchflussmengensteuerung eingesetzten Magnetventils einer landwirtschaftlichen Ausbringmaschine

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WO2016062494A1 (fr) * 2014-10-21 2016-04-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif pour assurer la commande d'au moins une soupape commutable
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JP2018500508A (ja) * 2014-10-21 2018-01-11 ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツングＲｏｂｅｒｔ Ｂｏｓｃｈ Ｇｍｂｈ スイッチング可能な少なくとも１つの弁を制御するための装置
WO2023180250A1 (fr) * 2022-03-21 2023-09-28 Delphi Technologies Ip Limited Procédé de commande d'injection de carburant
WO2024061500A1 (fr) * 2022-09-21 2024-03-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé de fonctionnement d'un injecteur de gaz

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