WO2011135270A1 - Hybrid vehicle comprising a high-voltage battery installed under the floor of the vehicle, unit formed by a tank and a high-voltage battery and associated replacement method - Google Patents

Hybrid vehicle comprising a high-voltage battery installed under the floor of the vehicle, unit formed by a tank and a high-voltage battery and associated replacement method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011135270A1
WO2011135270A1 PCT/FR2011/050976 FR2011050976W WO2011135270A1 WO 2011135270 A1 WO2011135270 A1 WO 2011135270A1 FR 2011050976 W FR2011050976 W FR 2011050976W WO 2011135270 A1 WO2011135270 A1 WO 2011135270A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
block
tank
battery
reservoir
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2011/050976
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Eric Tomietto
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroën Automobiles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peugeot Citroën Automobiles SA filed Critical Peugeot Citroën Automobiles SA
Publication of WO2011135270A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011135270A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
    • B60L50/62—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles charged by low-power generators primarily intended to support the batteries, e.g. range extenders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/40—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438—Arrangement under the floor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03118—Multiple tanks, i.e. two or more separate tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03328—Arrangements or special measures related to fuel tanks or fuel handling
    • B60K2015/03348—Arrangements or special measures related to fuel tanks or fuel handling for supplying additives to fuel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B60L2210/12—Buck converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hybrid vehicle comprising a high voltage battery implanted under the floor of the vehicle, a block formed by a tank and a high-voltage battery, and a method for replacing a traditional tank with a tank. such block.
  • the invention particularly aims to implement the battery by modifying the architecture of the vehicle as little as possible.
  • the invention finds a particularly advantageous application with vehicles comprising an electric machine ensuring the traction of their rear axle, but it is also compatible with an architecture in which the electric machine is located at the front of the vehicle.
  • Hybrid vehicles having a heat engine associated with at least one electric machine are known. This or these electrical machines of the alternator / starter type ensure the charging of a high voltage battery and participate in the traction of the vehicle.
  • the machine or machines are interconnected via an electrical power network for transforming the DC voltage of the battery into a supply voltage of the machine or machines when these machines operate in motor mode, or the transformation of the AC voltage produced by the DC voltage machine (s) applied to the battery for charging when these machines operate in generator mode.
  • the high voltage battery is connected to a DC / DC converter which converts the high voltage of the battery into an acceptable voltage by a low voltage battery connected to the vehicle's on-board network.
  • a DC / DC converter which converts the high voltage of the battery into an acceptable voltage by a low voltage battery connected to the vehicle's on-board network.
  • the invention proposes to integrate the battery without having to change too much the underbody structure of existing vehicles.
  • the high-voltage battery and the fuel tank are integrated in the form of a block positioned in place of the fuel tank of a conventional vehicle.
  • the sizing of the battery and the tank is determined a priori as a function of the space available.
  • a second reservoir is installed in a free volume of the vehicle, such as under the seats of the rear seats, in the wings of the vehicle or in a raised area of the floor of the vehicle.
  • the invention therefore relates to a hybrid vehicle having a floor, this vehicle comprising:
  • a first fuel tank for supplying fuel to the engine of the vehicle
  • the first reservoir and the high voltage battery are positioned side by side so as to form a block
  • this block being installed under the floor of the vehicle in the space provided for the fuel tank in traditional thermal vehicles.
  • the space provided for the traditional tank has a height of less than 25 cm.
  • the first reservoir is a so-called active reservoir incorporating a gauge / pump module.
  • it comprises a second tank, said passive tank, without gauge module / pump in relation to the first tank.
  • the passive tank is positioned under one of the seats of the rear seats of the vehicle.
  • the second reservoir has an elongated shape that extends transversely relative to the vehicle in a direction of elongation of the block.
  • it comprises an exhaust duct, the block having a cavity for the passage of the exhaust duct to the exhaust pipe of the vehicle.
  • it comprises a multi-link type rear axle whose traction can be provided by the electric machine, the block being positioned in front of the rear axle.
  • the elongation direction of the battery extends transversely to the axis of the vehicle, the exhaust duct and the cavity accommodating the duct having a portion having a C shape around the volume defined by the block so as to bypass the block, the portions of these elements connected to the ends of the branches of C having a shape parallel to the axis of the vehicle.
  • the battery has a volume of about 46L and the first reservoir has a volume of about 22L.
  • the elongation direction of the battery extends parallel to the axis of the vehicle, the exhaust duct and the cavity accommodating the conduit then have a rectilinear shape at the block, the duct passing under the first reservoir inside the cavity obtained by forming the first reservoir.
  • it comprises a rear axle with deformable cross member whose traction can be provided by the electric machine, the block being positioned behind the rear axle.
  • the battery has a volume of about 46L and the first reservoir has a volume of about 37L.
  • the exhaust duct is surrounded by a thermal protector.
  • the invention further relates to a block characterized in that it is formed by:
  • a fuel tank for supplying fuel to the engine of the vehicle
  • a high voltage battery in connection with an inverter capable of converting the DC voltage into AC voltage for the power supply of an electric machine and vice versa, - the tank and the high voltage battery being positioned side by side,
  • the invention also relates to a method of replacing a traditional fuel tank of a traditional thermal vehicle with a block according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 a view of the block formed by the high voltage battery and a fuel tank according to the invention implanted under a hybrid vehicle;
  • Figure 2 a 3-dimensional view of the block according to the invention formed by the high voltage battery and the fuel tank;
  • Figure 3 a 3-dimensional view of the positioning of a second tank under a seat of one of the rear seats of the vehicle;
  • Figures 4a-4c schematic representations of embodiments of the invention for a vehicle with a multi-link rear train
  • Figure 5 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the invention for a vehicle with a rear axle with deformable cross.
  • Figure 1 shows a block 1 according to the invention positioned under the floor 2.1 of a hybrid vehicle 2.
  • This block 1 is formed by a tank 4, said active reservoir, and a high voltage battery 5 in relation, via a power circuit (not shown), with a machine 6 ensuring the traction of a rear axle 3.
  • This block 1 has a cavity 7 having a shape complementary to that of an exhaust duct 8 to allow the passage of this duct 8 under the vehicle to the exhaust pipe 9.
  • the vehicle 2 starts from a vehicle having an architecture under the box very close to that of a traditional thermal vehicle that is modified by including the electrical machine 6 at the train rear 3 and block 1 in place of the traditional fuel tank.
  • Traditional thermal vehicle means a vehicle using only thermal energy to ensure traction.
  • the space 10 provided for the traditional fuel tank of such a vehicle (and therefore in the invention for the implantation of the block 1) has a height h (cf Figure 2) less than 25 cm and occupies a volume of 1 70 L order.
  • the sizing of the elements 4, 5 of the block 1 is calculated a priori according to the available volume in the spaces under standard box provided for traditional tanks.
  • the ratio between battery volume and fuel tank volume is determined in particular according to the icos targeted in electric mode and in thermal mode. It is thus possible to install the block 1 under the vehicle without having to raise the floor of the vehicle.
  • the tank 4 and the battery 5 are positioned side by side in the block 1, the tank 4 having a transverse face 4.1 positioned facing a transverse face 5.1 of the battery 5.
  • the tank 4 and the battery 5 do not are a priori not fixed with each other and there may be a slight gap between the two faces 4.1, 5.1 opposite.
  • the tank 4 is called “active tank” because it includes a gauge / pump module 1 1, thanks to the gauge to detect the fuel level in the tank 4, and thanks to the pump to feed to fuel the engine of the vehicle.
  • the reservoir 4 has a volume of between 20 and 40 L.
  • a chute 13 is used to allow the filling of the active reservoir 4.
  • the chute 13 has an end 13.1 opening into the tank 4 and one end 13.2 opening towards the outside of the vehicle at the location of the tank valve.
  • the high voltage battery 5 is a Lithium Ion type battery, having a power of 35kW.
  • a second reservoir 15 is used to increase the range of the vehicle.
  • This reservoir 15 is said passive reservoir because it does not have a gauge / pump module unlike the active reservoir 4.
  • This reservoir 15 is installed in a free space of the vehicle 2 and has a volume between 10 and 20L.
  • Figure 3 shows a row 16 of the rear seats of the vehicle 2 having backs 18 provided with a head support 19 in their upper part. These folders 18 are connected to a substantially horizontal seat 20.
  • the second tank 15 is positioned under one of the seats 20 as shown.
  • the second reservoir 15 has an elongated shape extending transversely relative to the vehicle in the elongation direction D of the battery 5, for example of substantially parallelepiped shape. This reservoir 15 is positioned on the face opposite to the face in which the cavity 7 is formed to accommodate the conduit 8.
  • the active reservoir 4 and the passive reservoir 15 are connected for example by means of a pipe (not shown).
  • the transfer of gasoline from the passive tank 15 to the active tank 4 is done by gravity.
  • this transfer it would be possible for this transfer to be carried out using a pump.
  • the cavity 7 for the passage of the exhaust duct 8 extends substantially transversely to the elongation direction D of the block 1.
  • the tank 4 is potentially reduced in width to the minimum width defined by the manufacturers' standards (linked in particular to the presence of the module 1 1).
  • the cavity 7 is obtained by shaping the battery case as shown in Figures 1 and 2, and / or by a suitable shaping of the tank 4 (see Figures 4a-4c).
  • the active reservoir 4 has, in its lower part, a recess 21 delimited by a shoulder 22. This recess 21 is intended to receive, if necessary, an additive reservoir 23 for a filter. particles used in diesel vehicles.
  • Figures 4a-4c show embodiments of the invention for a rear axle 3 of multi-arm type.
  • the block 1 is positioned tank / battery in front of the train 3.
  • the train 3 is located towards the rear of the vehicle; while with respect to the train 3, the block 1 is towards the front of the vehicle.
  • the elongation direction D of the battery 5, for example of substantially parallelepiped shape is transverse to the longitudinal axis X of the vehicle which extends between the front and the rear of the vehicle.
  • the duct 8 and the cavity 7 accommodating this duct 8 have a portion 27.1 having a C shape around the volume defined by the block 1 so as to bypass the block 1.
  • the portions 27.2, 27.3 of the elements 7, 8 connected to the ends of the branches of C have a shape parallel to the axis X of the vehicle.
  • the conduit 8 is preferably surrounded by a thermal protector 25.
  • the cavity 7 is obtained by shaping the active reservoir 4 and the battery box 5.
  • the cavity 7 is formed in the part lower of these two elements.
  • the active and passive tanks 15 form only one and the same tank.
  • the battery 5 has a volume of about 46L and the active tank 4 has a volume of about 22L.
  • the passive reservoir has a volume of the order of 17L. This makes it possible to have a good autonomy in the thermal rolling mode of the vehicle.
  • the elongation direction D of the battery 5 extends parallel to the axis X of the vehicle.
  • the conduit 8 exhaust system surrounded by its thermal protector 25 and the cavity 7 accommodating the conduit 8 then have a rectilinear shape at the block 1.
  • the duct 8 passes under the tank 4 inside a cavity 7 obtained by shaping the tank 4. Note also that there may be a slight transverse gap E between the tank 4 and the battery 5.
  • the battery 5 has a volume of about 46L and the active reservoir 4 has a volume of about 37L.
  • the passive reservoir 15 has a volume of the order of 15L. This embodiment in which the volume of the fuel tanks 5, 15 is very important is the optimum embodiment of the invention. Alternatively, the passive reservoir 15 is removed or integrated into the active reservoir 4.
  • Figure 5 shows an embodiment of the invention for a rear axle 3 deformable cross.
  • the block 1 is positioned behind the train 3.
  • the train 3 is located towards the front of the vehicle ; while with respect to the train 3, the block 1 is located towards the rear of the vehicle.
  • the elongation direction D of the battery 5, for example of substantially parallelepiped shape, is transverse to the axis X of the vehicle.
  • the exhaust duct 8 and the cavity 7 bypass the block 1 passing under the battery 5.
  • the cavity 7 is obtained by shaping the casing of the battery 5.
  • the duct 8 bypasses the block 1 on the side of the battery. reservoir 4, the latter being then shaped to produce the cavity 7.

Abstract

The invention relates to a hybrid vehicle (2) comprising a fuel tank (4) and a high-voltage battery (5) connected to an electrical machine (6). According to the invention, the tank (4) and the high-voltage battery (5) form a unit (1). This unit (1) is installed under the floor (2.1) of the vehicle in the space (10) designed for the fuel tank in conventional combustion-engined vehicles. The invention also relates to the unit (1) formed by the battery (5) and the tank (4), and to the method of replacing a conventional tank with such a unit.

Description

VEHICULE HYBRIDE COMPORTANT UNE BATTERIE HAUTE TENSION IMPLANTEE SOUS LE PLANCHER DU VEHICULE, BLOC FORME PAR UN RESERVOIR ET UNE BATTERIE HAUTE TENSION, ET PROCEDE DE  HYBRID VEHICLE HAVING A HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY IMPLANTED UNDER THE FLOOR OF THE VEHICLE, BLOCK FORMED BY A TANK AND A HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY, AND METHOD OF
REMPLACEMENT ASSOCIE [01] L'invention concerne un véhicule hybride comportant une batterie haute tension implantée sous le plancher du véhicule, un bloc formé par un réservoir et une batterie haute tension, ainsi qu'un procédé de remplacement d'un réservoir traditionnel par un tel bloc.  The invention relates to a hybrid vehicle comprising a high voltage battery implanted under the floor of the vehicle, a block formed by a tank and a high-voltage battery, and a method for replacing a traditional tank with a tank. such block.
[02] L'invention a notamment pour but d'implanter la batterie en modifiant le moins possible l'architecture du véhicule. L'invention trouve une application particulièrement avantageuse avec les véhicules comportant une machine électrique assurant la traction de leur train arrière, mais elle est aussi compatible avec une architecture dans laquelle la machine électrique est implantée à l'avant du véhicule. [03] On connaît des véhicules hybrides comportant un moteur thermique associé à au moins une machine électrique. Cette ou ces machines électriques de type alterno/démarreur assurent la recharge d'une batterie haute tension et participent à la traction du véhicule. [02] The invention particularly aims to implement the battery by modifying the architecture of the vehicle as little as possible. The invention finds a particularly advantageous application with vehicles comprising an electric machine ensuring the traction of their rear axle, but it is also compatible with an architecture in which the electric machine is located at the front of the vehicle. [03] Hybrid vehicles having a heat engine associated with at least one electric machine are known. This or these electrical machines of the alternator / starter type ensure the charging of a high voltage battery and participate in the traction of the vehicle.
[04] A cet effet, la ou les machines sont reliées entre elles par l'intermédiaire d'un réseau électrique de puissance permettant la transformation de la tension continue de la batterie en une tension d'alimentation de la ou des machines lorsque ces machines fonctionnent en mode moteur, ou la transformation de la tension alternative produite par la ou les machines en tension continue appliquée sur la batterie pour sa recharge lorsque ces machines fonctionnent en mode générateur. [04] For this purpose, the machine or machines are interconnected via an electrical power network for transforming the DC voltage of the battery into a supply voltage of the machine or machines when these machines operate in motor mode, or the transformation of the AC voltage produced by the DC voltage machine (s) applied to the battery for charging when these machines operate in generator mode.
[05] La batterie haute tension est connectée à un convertisseur continu/continu qui transforme la haute tension de la batterie en une tension acceptable par une batterie basse tension connectée au réseau de bord du véhicule. [06] Une des problématiques posées par ces véhicules hybrides est l'encombrement pris par les éléments de la partie électrotechnique, en particulier la batterie haute tension, qui ne sont pas présents sur un véhicule thermique classique. Ces éléments doivent ainsi être intégrés sans dégrader les autres prestations du véhicule, comme par exemple le volume du coffre. [05] The high voltage battery is connected to a DC / DC converter which converts the high voltage of the battery into an acceptable voltage by a low voltage battery connected to the vehicle's on-board network. [06] One of the problems posed by these hybrid vehicles is the space occupied by the elements of the electrotechnical part, in particular particularly the high voltage battery, which are not present on a conventional thermal vehicle. These elements must be integrated without degrading the other benefits of the vehicle, such as the volume of the trunk.
[07] Comme décrit dans le document JP-2001 138753, il est connu d'intégrer la batterie avec le réservoir de carburant sous le plancher du véhicule au niveau des sièges arrière du véhicule. Toutefois, une telle solution nécessite de surélever le plancher à l'endroit où la batterie et le réservoir sont positionnés. [07] As described in JP-2001 138753, it is known to integrate the battery with the fuel tank under the floor of the vehicle at the rear seats of the vehicle. However, such a solution requires raising the floor to where the battery and the tank are positioned.
[08] L'invention propose d'intégrer la batterie sans avoir à modifier de manière trop importante la structure sous caisse des véhicules existants. [08] The invention proposes to integrate the battery without having to change too much the underbody structure of existing vehicles.
[09] A cet effet, dans l'invention, on intègre la batterie haute tension et le réservoir de carburant sous forme d'un bloc positionné en lieu et place du réservoir de carburant d'un véhicule traditionnel. On détermine à cet effet le dimensionnement de la batterie et du réservoir a priori en fonction de l'espace disponible. [09] For this purpose, in the invention, the high-voltage battery and the fuel tank are integrated in the form of a block positioned in place of the fuel tank of a conventional vehicle. For this purpose, the sizing of the battery and the tank is determined a priori as a function of the space available.
[010] Etant donné que dans une telle configuration le volume du réservoir est limité, on fait de préférence appel à un deuxième réservoir pour augmenter l'autonomie du véhicule. Ce deuxième réservoir est installé dans un volume libre du véhicule, comme par exemple sous les assises des sièges arrière, dans les ailes du véhicule ou dans une zone rehaussée du plancher du véhicule. [010] Since in such a configuration the volume of the reservoir is limited, it is preferable to use a second reservoir to increase the range of the vehicle. This second tank is installed in a free volume of the vehicle, such as under the seats of the rear seats, in the wings of the vehicle or in a raised area of the floor of the vehicle.
[011] L'intérêt de l'invention réside notamment dans : [011] The advantage of the invention lies in particular in:
- une absence de modification de la structure sous caisse du véhicule, - an absence of modification of the underbody structure of the vehicle,
- la préservation d'un grand volume de coffre, - the preservation of a large volume of trunk,
- la protection de l'habitacle de vapeurs nocives provenant d'une batterie défaillante, - the protection of the passenger compartment from harmful vapors coming from a faulty battery,
- une meilleure régulation thermique de la batterie, et  a better thermal regulation of the battery, and
- la possibilité de réalisation de liaisons haute tension sous le plancher évitant ainsi les traversées de cloisons. [012] L'intérêt économique provient de la simplification du refroidissement batterie et de l'absence de dispositifs complexes de traitement des vapeurs nocives dans l'habitacle. - The possibility of making high voltage links under the floor thus avoiding crossings of partitions. [012] The economic interest comes from the simplification of battery cooling and the absence of complex devices for treating harmful vapors in the passenger compartment.
[013] L'invention concerne donc un véhicule hybride ayant un plancher, ce véhicule comportant : [013] The invention therefore relates to a hybrid vehicle having a floor, this vehicle comprising:
- un premier réservoir de carburant pour l'alimentation en carburant du moteur thermique du véhicule, et  a first fuel tank for supplying fuel to the engine of the vehicle, and
- une batterie haute tension en relation avec un onduleur apte à convertir la tension continue en tension alternative pour l'alimentation d'une machine électrique et réciproquement,  a high voltage battery in connection with an inverter capable of converting the DC voltage into AC voltage for the power supply of an electric machine and vice versa,
caractérisé en ce que : characterized in that
- le premier réservoir et la batterie haute tension sont positionnés côte à côte de manière à former un bloc,  the first reservoir and the high voltage battery are positioned side by side so as to form a block,
- ce bloc étant installé sous le plancher du véhicule dans l'espace prévu pour le réservoir de carburant dans les véhicules thermiques traditionnels.  - this block being installed under the floor of the vehicle in the space provided for the fuel tank in traditional thermal vehicles.
[014] Selon une réalisation, l'espace prévu pour le réservoir traditionnel présente une hauteur inférieure à 25 cm. [014] In one embodiment, the space provided for the traditional tank has a height of less than 25 cm.
[015] Selon une réalisation, le premier réservoir est un réservoir dit actif incorporant un module jauge/pompe. [016] Selon une réalisation, il comporte un deuxième réservoir, dit réservoir passif, dépourvu de module jauge/pompe en relation avec le premier réservoir. [015] In one embodiment, the first reservoir is a so-called active reservoir incorporating a gauge / pump module. [016] In one embodiment, it comprises a second tank, said passive tank, without gauge module / pump in relation to the first tank.
[017] Selon une réalisation, le réservoir passif est positionné sous une des assises des sièges arrière du véhicule. [018] Selon une réalisation, le deuxième réservoir présente une forme allongée qui s'étend transversalement par rapport au véhicule suivant une direction d'allongement du bloc. [017] In one embodiment, the passive tank is positioned under one of the seats of the rear seats of the vehicle. [018] In one embodiment, the second reservoir has an elongated shape that extends transversely relative to the vehicle in a direction of elongation of the block.
[019] Selon une réalisation, il comporte un conduit d'échappement, le bloc présentant une cavité pour assurer le passage du conduit d'échappement jusqu'au pot d'échappement du véhicule. [020] Selon une réalisation, il comporte un train arrière de type multibras dont la traction peut être assurée par la machine électrique, le bloc étant positionné devant ce train arrière. [019] In one embodiment, it comprises an exhaust duct, the block having a cavity for the passage of the exhaust duct to the exhaust pipe of the vehicle. [020] In one embodiment, it comprises a multi-link type rear axle whose traction can be provided by the electric machine, the block being positioned in front of the rear axle.
[021] Selon une réalisation, la direction d'allongement de la batterie s'étend transversalement par rapport à l'axe du véhicule, le conduit d'échappement et la cavité accueillant ce conduit ayant une portion présentant une forme en C autour du volume défini par le bloc de manière à contourner le bloc, les portions de ces éléments reliées aux extrémités des branches du C présentant une forme parallèle à l'axe du véhicule. [022] Selon une réalisation, la batterie présente un volume de l'ordre de 46L et le premier réservoir dispose d'un volume de l'ordre de 22L. [021] In one embodiment, the elongation direction of the battery extends transversely to the axis of the vehicle, the exhaust duct and the cavity accommodating the duct having a portion having a C shape around the volume defined by the block so as to bypass the block, the portions of these elements connected to the ends of the branches of C having a shape parallel to the axis of the vehicle. [022] In one embodiment, the battery has a volume of about 46L and the first reservoir has a volume of about 22L.
[023] Selon une réalisation, la direction d'allongement de la batterie s'étend parallèlement par rapport à l'axe du véhicule, le conduit d'échappement ainsi que la cavité accueillant le conduit présentent alors une forme rectiligne au niveau du bloc, le conduit passant sous le premier réservoir à l'intérieur de la cavité obtenue par mise en forme du premier réservoir. [023] According to one embodiment, the elongation direction of the battery extends parallel to the axis of the vehicle, the exhaust duct and the cavity accommodating the conduit then have a rectilinear shape at the block, the duct passing under the first reservoir inside the cavity obtained by forming the first reservoir.
[024] Selon une réalisation, il comporte un train arrière à traverse déformable dont la traction peut être assurée par la machine électrique, le bloc étant positionné derrière ce train arrière. [024] In one embodiment, it comprises a rear axle with deformable cross member whose traction can be provided by the electric machine, the block being positioned behind the rear axle.
[025] Selon une réalisation, la batterie présente un volume de l'ordre de 46L et le premier réservoir dispose d'un volume de l'ordre de 37L. [025] In one embodiment, the battery has a volume of about 46L and the first reservoir has a volume of about 37L.
[026] Selon une réalisation, le conduit d'échappement est entouré d'un protecteur thermique. [027] L'invention concerne en outre un bloc caractérisé en ce qu'il est formé par : [026] In one embodiment, the exhaust duct is surrounded by a thermal protector. [027] The invention further relates to a block characterized in that it is formed by:
- un réservoir de carburant pour l'alimentation en carburant du moteur thermique du véhicule, et  a fuel tank for supplying fuel to the engine of the vehicle, and
- une batterie haute tension en relation avec un onduleur apte à convertir la tension continue en tension alternative pour l'alimentation d'une machine électrique et réciproquement, - le réservoir et la batterie haute tension étant positionnés côte à côte,a high voltage battery in connection with an inverter capable of converting the DC voltage into AC voltage for the power supply of an electric machine and vice versa, - the tank and the high voltage battery being positioned side by side,
- ce bloc présentant sensiblement les dimensions de l'espace prévu sous le plancher du véhicule pour le réservoir de carburant dans les véhicules thermiques traditionnels, sans imposer de modification importante. [028] L'invention concerne également un procédé de remplacement d'un réservoir traditionnel de carburant d'un véhicule thermique traditionnel par un bloc selon l'invention. - This block having substantially the dimensions of the space provided under the floor of the vehicle for the fuel tank in conventional thermal vehicles, without imposing significant changes. [028] The invention also relates to a method of replacing a traditional fuel tank of a traditional thermal vehicle with a block according to the invention.
[029] L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit et à l'examen des figures qui l'accompagnent. Ces figures ne sont données qu'à titre illustratif mais nullement limitatif de l'invention. Elles montrent : [029] The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows and on examining the figures that accompany it. These figures are given for illustrative but not limiting of the invention. They show :
[030] Figure 1 : une vue du bloc formé par la batterie haute tension et un réservoir de carburant selon l'invention implanté sous un véhicule hybride ; [030] Figure 1: a view of the block formed by the high voltage battery and a fuel tank according to the invention implanted under a hybrid vehicle;
[031] Figure 2 : une vue en 3 dimensions du bloc selon l'invention formé par la batterie haute tension et le réservoir de carburant ; [031] Figure 2: a 3-dimensional view of the block according to the invention formed by the high voltage battery and the fuel tank;
[032] Figure 3 : une vue en 3 dimensions du positionnement d'un deuxième réservoir sous une assise d'un des sièges arrière du véhicule ; [032] Figure 3: a 3-dimensional view of the positioning of a second tank under a seat of one of the rear seats of the vehicle;
[033] Figures 4a-4c : des représentations schématiques de réalisations de l'invention pour un véhicule muni d'un train arrière de type multibras ; [034] Figure 5 : une représentation schématique d'une réalisation de l'invention pour un véhicule muni d'un train arrière à traverse déformable. [033] Figures 4a-4c: schematic representations of embodiments of the invention for a vehicle with a multi-link rear train; [034] Figure 5 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the invention for a vehicle with a rear axle with deformable cross.
[035] Les éléments identiques, similaires ou analogues conservent les mêmes références d'une Figure à l'autre. [035] The identical, similar or similar elements retain the same references from one figure to another.
[036] La Figure 1 montre un bloc 1 selon l'invention positionné sous le plancher 2.1 d'un véhicule 2 hybride. Ce bloc 1 est formé par un réservoir 4, dit réservoir actif, et une batterie 5 haute tension en relation, via un circuit de puissance (non représenté), avec une machine 6 assurant la traction d'un train arrière 3. Ce bloc 1 présente une cavité 7 ayant une forme complémentaire de celle d'un conduit 8 d'échappement pour permettre le passage de ce conduit 8 sous le véhicule jusqu'au pot d'échappement 9. [036] Figure 1 shows a block 1 according to the invention positioned under the floor 2.1 of a hybrid vehicle 2. This block 1 is formed by a tank 4, said active reservoir, and a high voltage battery 5 in relation, via a power circuit (not shown), with a machine 6 ensuring the traction of a rear axle 3. This block 1 has a cavity 7 having a shape complementary to that of an exhaust duct 8 to allow the passage of this duct 8 under the vehicle to the exhaust pipe 9.
[037] Pour obtenir le véhicule 2 selon l'invention, on part d'un véhicule ayant une architecture sous caisse très proche de celle d'un véhicule thermique traditionnel que l'on modifie en implantant notamment la machine électrique 6 au niveau du train arrière 3 et le bloc 1 en lieu et place du réservoir de carburant traditionnel. [037] To obtain the vehicle 2 according to the invention, it starts from a vehicle having an architecture under the box very close to that of a traditional thermal vehicle that is modified by including the electrical machine 6 at the train rear 3 and block 1 in place of the traditional fuel tank.
[038] On entend par véhicule thermique traditionnel un véhicule utilisant uniquement l'énergie thermique pour assurer sa traction. L'espace 10 prévu pour le réservoir de carburant traditionnel d'un tel véhicule (et donc dans l'invention pour l'implantation du bloc 1 ) présente une hauteur h (cf Figure 2) inférieure à 25 cm et occupe un volume de l'ordre 70 L . Le dimensionnement des éléments 4, 5 du bloc 1 est calculé a priori en fonction du volume disponible dans les espaces sous caisse standard prévus pour les réservoirs traditionnels. Le ratio entre volume batterie et volume réservoir carburant est notamment déterminé en fonction des autonomies visées en mode électrique et en mode thermique. Il est ainsi possible d'installer le bloc 1 sous le véhicule sans avoir à surélever le plancher du véhicule. [038] Traditional thermal vehicle means a vehicle using only thermal energy to ensure traction. The space 10 provided for the traditional fuel tank of such a vehicle (and therefore in the invention for the implantation of the block 1) has a height h (cf Figure 2) less than 25 cm and occupies a volume of 1 70 L order. The sizing of the elements 4, 5 of the block 1 is calculated a priori according to the available volume in the spaces under standard box provided for traditional tanks. The ratio between battery volume and fuel tank volume is determined in particular according to the autonomies targeted in electric mode and in thermal mode. It is thus possible to install the block 1 under the vehicle without having to raise the floor of the vehicle.
[039] Le réservoir 4 et la batterie 5 sont positionnés côte à côte dans le bloc 1 , le réservoir 4 présentant une face transversale 4.1 positionnée en regard d'une face transversale 5.1 de la batterie 5. Le réservoir 4 et la batterie 5 ne sont a priori pas fixés l'un avec l'autre et il peut exister un léger espace entre les deux faces 4.1 , 5.1 en regard. [039] The tank 4 and the battery 5 are positioned side by side in the block 1, the tank 4 having a transverse face 4.1 positioned facing a transverse face 5.1 of the battery 5. The tank 4 and the battery 5 do not are a priori not fixed with each other and there may be a slight gap between the two faces 4.1, 5.1 opposite.
[040] Plus précisément, le réservoir 4 est dit « réservoir actif » car il est comprend un module jauge/pompe 1 1 permettant grâce à la jauge de détecter le niveau de carburant dans le réservoir 4, et grâce à la pompe d'alimenter en carburant le moteur thermique du véhicule. Dans un exemple, le réservoir 4 présente un volume compris entre 20 et 40 L . [040] Specifically, the tank 4 is called "active tank" because it includes a gauge / pump module 1 1, thanks to the gauge to detect the fuel level in the tank 4, and thanks to the pump to feed to fuel the engine of the vehicle. In one example, the reservoir 4 has a volume of between 20 and 40 L.
[041] Comme visible sur la Figure 2, une goulotte 13 est utilisée pour permettre le remplissage du réservoir actif 4. A cet effet, la goulotte 13 dispose d'une extrémité 13.1 débouchant dans le réservoir 4 et une extrémité 13.2 débouchant vers l'extérieur du véhicule à l'endroit du clapet de réservoir. [041] As shown in Figure 2, a chute 13 is used to allow the filling of the active reservoir 4. For this purpose, the chute 13 has an end 13.1 opening into the tank 4 and one end 13.2 opening towards the outside of the vehicle at the location of the tank valve.
[042] Dans une réalisation, la batterie 5 haute tension est une batterie de type Lithium Ion, ayant une puissance de 35kW. [043] De préférence, on fait appel à un deuxième réservoir 15 pour augmenter l'autonomie du véhicule. Ce réservoir 15 est dit réservoir passif car il ne comporte pas de module jauge/pompe contrairement au réservoir actif 4. Ce réservoir 15 est installé dans un espace libre du véhicule 2 et présente un volume compris entre 10 et 20L. [044] La Figure 3 montre une rangée 16 de sièges arrière du véhicule 2 présentant des dossiers 18 munis d'un appui tête 19 dans leur partie supérieure. Ces dossiers 18 sont reliés à une assise 20 sensiblement horizontale. Le deuxième réservoir 15 est positionné sous une des assises 20 comme cela est représenté. [045] Dans une réalisation, comme montré sur la Figure 2, le deuxième réservoir 15 présente une forme allongée qui s'étend transversalement par rapport au véhicule suivant la direction D d'allongement de la batterie 5, par exemple de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique. Ce réservoir 15 est positionné sur la face opposée à la face dans laquelle est ménagée la cavité 7 pour accueillir le conduit 8. [042] In one embodiment, the high voltage battery 5 is a Lithium Ion type battery, having a power of 35kW. [043] Preferably, a second reservoir 15 is used to increase the range of the vehicle. This reservoir 15 is said passive reservoir because it does not have a gauge / pump module unlike the active reservoir 4. This reservoir 15 is installed in a free space of the vehicle 2 and has a volume between 10 and 20L. [044] Figure 3 shows a row 16 of the rear seats of the vehicle 2 having backs 18 provided with a head support 19 in their upper part. These folders 18 are connected to a substantially horizontal seat 20. The second tank 15 is positioned under one of the seats 20 as shown. [045] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the second reservoir 15 has an elongated shape extending transversely relative to the vehicle in the elongation direction D of the battery 5, for example of substantially parallelepiped shape. This reservoir 15 is positioned on the face opposite to the face in which the cavity 7 is formed to accommodate the conduit 8.
[046] Le réservoir actif 4 et le réservoir passif 15 sont reliés par exemple à l'aide d'un tuyau (non représenté). De préférence, le transfert d'essence du réservoir passif 15 vers le réservoir actif 4 se fait par gravité. En variante, il serait envisageable que ce transfert soit effectué à l'aide d'une pompe. [047] Comme montré sur la Figure 1 , la cavité 7 pour le passage du conduit 8 d'échappement s'étend sensiblement transversalement à la direction d'allongement D du bloc 1 . Le réservoir 4 est potentiellement réduit en largeur à la largeur minimale définie par les standards des fabricants (liée notamment à la présence du module 1 1 ). La cavité 7 est obtenue par mise en forme du boîtier de la batterie comme représenté sur les Figures 1 et 2, et/ou par une mise en forme adéquate du réservoir 4 (cf Figures 4a-4c). [048] Par ailleurs, le réservoir actif 4 présente, dans sa partie inférieure, un évidemment 21 délimité par un épaulement 22. Cet évidement 21 est destiné à recevoir, s'il y a lieu, un réservoir d'additif 23 pour filtre à particules utilisé dans les véhicules diesel. [049] Les Figures 4a-4c montrent des exemples de réalisation de l'invention pour un train arrière 3 de type multibras. Pour ces réalisations dans lesquelles le train 3 se situe sensiblement dans l'axe Y des roues, on positionne le bloc 1 réservoir/batterie devant le train 3. Ainsi, par rapport au bloc 1 , le train 3 se situe vers l'arrière du véhicule ; tandis que par rapport au train 3, le bloc 1 se situe vers l'avant du véhicule. [046] The active reservoir 4 and the passive reservoir 15 are connected for example by means of a pipe (not shown). Preferably, the transfer of gasoline from the passive tank 15 to the active tank 4 is done by gravity. Alternatively, it would be possible for this transfer to be carried out using a pump. [047] As shown in Figure 1, the cavity 7 for the passage of the exhaust duct 8 extends substantially transversely to the elongation direction D of the block 1. The tank 4 is potentially reduced in width to the minimum width defined by the manufacturers' standards (linked in particular to the presence of the module 1 1). The cavity 7 is obtained by shaping the battery case as shown in Figures 1 and 2, and / or by a suitable shaping of the tank 4 (see Figures 4a-4c). [048] Furthermore, the active reservoir 4 has, in its lower part, a recess 21 delimited by a shoulder 22. This recess 21 is intended to receive, if necessary, an additive reservoir 23 for a filter. particles used in diesel vehicles. [049] Figures 4a-4c show embodiments of the invention for a rear axle 3 of multi-arm type. For these embodiments in which the train 3 is located substantially in the axis Y of the wheels, the block 1 is positioned tank / battery in front of the train 3. Thus, with respect to the block 1, the train 3 is located towards the rear of the vehicle; while with respect to the train 3, the block 1 is towards the front of the vehicle.
[050] Dans les réalisations des Figures 4a et 4b, la direction D d'allongement de la batterie 5, par exemple de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique, est transversale par rapport à l'axe longitudinal X du véhicule qui s'étend entre l'avant et l'arrière du véhicule. Le conduit 8 et la cavité 7 accueillant ce conduit 8 ont une portion 27.1 présentant une forme en C autour du volume défini par le bloc 1 de manière à contourner le bloc 1 . Les portions 27.2, 27.3 des éléments 7, 8 reliées aux extrémités des branches du C présentent une forme parallèle à l'axe X du véhicule. Le conduit 8 est de préférence entouré d'un protecteur thermique 25. [051] Suivant cette réalisation, la cavité 7 est obtenue par mise en forme du réservoir 4 actif et du boîtier de la batterie 5. La cavité 7 est ménagée dans la partie inférieure de ces deux éléments. Comme montré sur la Figure 4b, il est possible de prévoir un réservoir 15 passif à côté du réservoir 4. En variante, les réservoirs actif 4 et passif 15 ne forment qu'un seul et même réservoir. [050] In the embodiments of Figures 4a and 4b, the elongation direction D of the battery 5, for example of substantially parallelepiped shape, is transverse to the longitudinal axis X of the vehicle which extends between the front and the rear of the vehicle. The duct 8 and the cavity 7 accommodating this duct 8 have a portion 27.1 having a C shape around the volume defined by the block 1 so as to bypass the block 1. The portions 27.2, 27.3 of the elements 7, 8 connected to the ends of the branches of C have a shape parallel to the axis X of the vehicle. The conduit 8 is preferably surrounded by a thermal protector 25. [051] According to this embodiment, the cavity 7 is obtained by shaping the active reservoir 4 and the battery box 5. The cavity 7 is formed in the part lower of these two elements. As shown in FIG. 4b, it is possible to provide a passive reservoir next to the tank 4. In a variant, the active and passive tanks 15 form only one and the same tank.
[052] Dans les réalisations des Figures 4a et 4b, la batterie 5 présente un volume de l'ordre de 46L et le réservoir 4 actif dispose d'un volume de l'ordre de 22L. Le réservoir 15 passif dispose d'un volume de l'ordre de 17L. Cela permet ainsi d'avoir une bonne autonomie en mode de roulage thermique du véhicule. [052] In the embodiments of Figures 4a and 4b, the battery 5 has a volume of about 46L and the active tank 4 has a volume of about 22L. The passive reservoir has a volume of the order of 17L. This makes it possible to have a good autonomy in the thermal rolling mode of the vehicle.
[053] Dans la réalisation de la Figure 4c, la direction D d'allongement de la batterie 5 s'étend parallèlement à l'axe X du véhicule. Le conduit 8 d'échappement entouré de son protecteur thermique 25 ainsi que la cavité 7 accueillant le conduit 8 présentent alors une forme rectiligne au niveau du bloc 1 . Le conduit 8 passe sous le réservoir 4 à l'intérieur d'une cavité 7 obtenue par mise en forme du réservoir 4. On remarque par ailleurs qu'il peut exister un léger écart E transversal entre le réservoir 4 et la batterie 5. [053] In the embodiment of Figure 4c, the elongation direction D of the battery 5 extends parallel to the axis X of the vehicle. The conduit 8 exhaust system surrounded by its thermal protector 25 and the cavity 7 accommodating the conduit 8 then have a rectilinear shape at the block 1. The duct 8 passes under the tank 4 inside a cavity 7 obtained by shaping the tank 4. Note also that there may be a slight transverse gap E between the tank 4 and the battery 5.
[054] Dans la réalisation de la Figure 4c, la batterie 5 présente un volume de l'ordre de 46L et le réservoir actif 4 dispose d'un volume de l'ordre de 37L. Le réservoir 15 passif dispose d'un volume de l'ordre de 15L. Ce mode de réalisation dans lequel le volume des réservoirs 5, 15 à carburant est très important constitue le mode réalisation optimum de l'invention. En variante, on supprime le réservoir 15 passif ou on l'intègre au réservoir 4 actif. [054] In the embodiment of Figure 4c, the battery 5 has a volume of about 46L and the active reservoir 4 has a volume of about 37L. The passive reservoir 15 has a volume of the order of 15L. This embodiment in which the volume of the fuel tanks 5, 15 is very important is the optimum embodiment of the invention. Alternatively, the passive reservoir 15 is removed or integrated into the active reservoir 4.
[055] La Figure 5 montre un exemple de réalisation de l'invention pour un train arrière 3 à traverse déformable. Pour cette réalisation dans laquelle le train 3 est décalé par rapport à l'axe Y des roues, on positionne le bloc 1 réservoir/batterie derrière le train 3. Ainsi, par rapport au bloc 1 , le train 3 se situe vers l'avant du véhicule ; tandis que par rapport au train 3, le bloc 1 se situe vers l'arrière du véhicule. [055] Figure 5 shows an embodiment of the invention for a rear axle 3 deformable cross. For this embodiment in which the train 3 is offset with respect to the Y axis of the wheels, the block 1 is positioned behind the train 3. Thus, with respect to the block 1, the train 3 is located towards the front of the vehicle ; while with respect to the train 3, the block 1 is located towards the rear of the vehicle.
[056] Comme pour les Figures 4a-4b, la direction d'allongement D de la batterie 5, par exemple de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique, est transversale par rapport à l'axe X du véhicule. Le conduit 8 d'échappement et la cavité 7 contournent le bloc 1 en passant sous la batterie 5. La cavité 7 est obtenue par mise en forme du boîtier de la batterie 5. En variante, le conduit 8 contourne le bloc 1 du côté du réservoir 4, ce dernier étant alors mis en forme pour réaliser la cavité 7. [056] As for Figures 4a-4b, the elongation direction D of the battery 5, for example of substantially parallelepiped shape, is transverse to the axis X of the vehicle. The exhaust duct 8 and the cavity 7 bypass the block 1 passing under the battery 5. The cavity 7 is obtained by shaping the casing of the battery 5. In a variant, the duct 8 bypasses the block 1 on the side of the battery. reservoir 4, the latter being then shaped to produce the cavity 7.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Véhicule hybride (2) ayant un plancher (2.1 ), ce véhicule comportant : 1. Hybrid vehicle (2) having a floor (2.1), said vehicle comprising:
- un premier réservoir (4) de carburant pour l'alimentation en carburant du moteur thermique du véhicule, et  a first fuel tank (4) for supplying fuel to the engine of the vehicle, and
- une batterie (5) haute tension en relation avec un onduleur apte à convertir la tension continue en tension alternative pour l'alimentation d'une machine électrique (6) et réciproquement,  a high voltage battery (5) in relation with an inverter capable of converting the DC voltage into AC voltage for the power supply of an electric machine (6) and vice versa,
caractérisé en ce que :  characterized in that
- le premier réservoir (4) et la batterie (5) haute tension sont positionnés côte à côte de manière à former un bloc (1 ),  the first tank (4) and the high-voltage battery (5) are positioned side by side so as to form a block (1),
- ce bloc (1 ) étant installé sous le plancher (2.1 ) du véhicule dans l'espace (10) prévu pour le réservoir de carburant dans les véhicules thermiques traditionnels.  - This block (1) being installed under the floor (2.1) of the vehicle in the space (10) provided for the fuel tank in conventional thermal vehicles.
2. Véhicule selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que l'espace (10) prévu pour le réservoir traditionnel présente une hauteur (h) inférieure à 25 cm. 2. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the space (10) provided for the traditional tank has a height (h) less than 25 cm.
3. Véhicule selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le premier réservoir (4) est un réservoir dit actif incorporant un module jauge/pompe (1 1 ). 3. Vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first reservoir (4) is a so-called active reservoir incorporating a gauge / pump module (1 1).
4. Véhicule selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un deuxième réservoir (15), dit réservoir passif, dépourvu de module jauge/pompe en relation avec le premier réservoir (4). 4. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a second tank (15), said passive reservoir, without gauge module / pump in relation to the first reservoir (4).
5. Véhicule selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le réservoir passif (15) est positionné sous une des assises (20) des sièges arrière du véhicule. 5. Vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that the passive reservoir (15) is positioned under one of the seats (20) of the rear seats of the vehicle.
6. Véhicule selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième réservoir (15) présente une forme allongée qui s'étend transversalement par rapport au véhicule suivant une direction (D) d'allongement du bloc (1 ). Vehicle according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the second reservoir (15) has an elongated shape which extends transversely to the vehicle in a direction (D) of elongation of the block (1).
7. Véhicule selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un conduit d'échappement (8), le bloc (1 ) présentant une cavité (7) pour assurer le passage du conduit d'échappement (8) jusqu'au pot d'échappement (9) du véhicule. 7. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises an exhaust duct (8), the block (1) having a cavity (7) to ensure the passage of the exhaust duct ( 8) to the exhaust pipe (9) of the vehicle.
8. Véhicule selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un train arrière (3) de type multibras dont la traction peut être assurée par la machine électrique (6), le bloc (1 ) étant positionné devant ce train arrière (3). 8. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a rear axle (3) of multi-arm type whose traction can be provided by the electric machine (6), the block (1) being positioned in front of this rear axle (3).
9. Véhicule selon les revendications 7 et 8, caractérisé en ce que la direction d'allongement (D) de la batterie (5) s'étend transversalement par rapport à l'axe (X) du véhicule, le conduit (8) d'échappement et la cavité (7) accueillant ce conduit (8) ayant une portion (27.1 ) présentant une forme en C autour du volume défini par le bloc (1 ) de manière à contourner le bloc (1 ), les portions (27.2, 27.3) de ces éléments (7, 8) reliées aux extrémités des branches du C présentant une forme parallèle à l'axe (X) du véhicule. 9. Vehicle according to claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the elongation direction (D) of the battery (5) extends transversely to the axis (X) of the vehicle, the conduit (8) d and the cavity (7) accommodating this duct (8) having a portion (27.1) having a C shape around the volume defined by the block (1) so as to bypass the block (1), the portions (27.2, 27.3) of these elements (7, 8) connected to the ends of the branches of C having a shape parallel to the axis (X) of the vehicle.
10. Véhicule selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que la batterie (5) présente un volume de l'ordre de 46L et le premier réservoir (4) dispose d'un volume de l'ordre de 22L. 10. Vehicle according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the battery (5) has a volume of about 46L and the first reservoir (4) has a volume of about 22L.
1 1 . Véhicule selon les revendications 7 et 8, caractérisé en ce que la direction d'allongement (D) de la batterie (5) s'étend parallèlement par rapport à l'axe (X) du véhicule, le conduit (8) d'échappement ainsi que la cavité (7) accueillant le conduit (8) présentent alors une forme rectiligne au niveau du bloc (1 ), le conduit (8) passant sous le premier réservoir (4) à l'intérieur de la cavité (7) obtenue par mise en forme du premier réservoir (4). 1 1. Vehicle according to claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the elongation direction (D) of the battery (5) extends parallel to the axis (X) of the vehicle, the exhaust duct (8) as well as the cavity (7) accommodating the duct (8) then have a rectilinear shape at the level of the block (1), the duct (8) passing under the first reservoir (4) inside the cavity (7) obtained by shaping the first tank (4).
12. Véhicule selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un train arrière (3) à traverse déformable dont la traction peut être assurée par la machine électrique (6), le bloc (1 ) étant positionné derrière ce train arrière (3). 12. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a rear axle (3) deformable cross whose traction can be ensured by the electric machine (6), the block (1) being positioned behind this rear axle (3).
13. Véhicule selon la revendication 1 1 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que la batterie (5) présente un volume de l'ordre de 46L et le premier réservoir (4) dispose d'un volume de l'ordre de 37L. 13. Vehicle according to claim 1 1 or 12, characterized in that the battery (5) has a volume of the order of 46L and the first reservoir (4) has a volume of about 37L.
14. Véhicule selon l'une des revendications 7 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le conduit (8) d'échappement est entouré d'un protecteur thermique (25). 14. Vehicle according to one of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that the conduit (8) exhaust is surrounded by a thermal protector (25).
15. Bloc (1 ) caractérisé en ce qu'il est formé par : Block (1) characterized in that it is formed by:
- un réservoir (4) de carburant pour l'alimentation en carburant du moteur thermique du véhicule, et  a fuel tank (4) for supplying fuel to the engine of the vehicle, and
- une batterie (5) haute tension en relation avec un onduleur apte à convertir la tension continue en tension alternative pour l'alimentation d'une machine électrique et réciproquement,  a high voltage battery (5) in connection with an inverter capable of converting the DC voltage into AC voltage for the power supply of an electric machine and vice versa,
- le réservoir (4) et la batterie (5) haute tension étant positionnés côte à côte,  - the tank (4) and the battery (5) high voltage being positioned side by side,
- ce bloc (1 ) présentant sensiblement les dimensions de l'espace prévu sous le plancher (2.1 ) du véhicule pour le réservoir de carburant dans les véhicules thermiques traditionnels, sans imposer de modification importante.  - This block (1) having substantially the dimensions of the space provided under the floor (2.1) of the vehicle for the fuel tank in traditional thermal vehicles, without imposing any significant change.
16. Procédé de remplacement d'un réservoir traditionnel de carburant d'un véhicule thermique traditionnel par un bloc selon la revendication 15. 16. A method of replacing a traditional fuel tank of a conventional thermal vehicle with a block according to claim 15.
PCT/FR2011/050976 2010-04-30 2011-04-28 Hybrid vehicle comprising a high-voltage battery installed under the floor of the vehicle, unit formed by a tank and a high-voltage battery and associated replacement method WO2011135270A1 (en)

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FR1053364 2010-04-30
FR1053364A FR2959454B1 (en) 2010-04-30 2010-04-30 HYBRID VEHICLE HAVING A HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY IMPLANTED UNDER THE FLOOR OF THE VEHICLE, BLOCK FORMED BY A RESERVOIR AND A HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY, AND REPLACEMENT METHOD THEREFOR

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