WO2011128918A1 - Système et procédé pour le traitement de déchets urbains solides - Google Patents

Système et procédé pour le traitement de déchets urbains solides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011128918A1
WO2011128918A1 PCT/IT2010/000156 IT2010000156W WO2011128918A1 WO 2011128918 A1 WO2011128918 A1 WO 2011128918A1 IT 2010000156 W IT2010000156 W IT 2010000156W WO 2011128918 A1 WO2011128918 A1 WO 2011128918A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wastes
component
component fraction
metallic
rsu
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IT2010/000156
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Claudio Paolo Faussone Gian
Original Assignee
In Ser S.P.A
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by In Ser S.P.A filed Critical In Ser S.P.A
Priority to PCT/IT2010/000156 priority Critical patent/WO2011128918A1/fr
Publication of WO2011128918A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011128918A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/406—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on plastic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/46—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on sewage, house, or town refuse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
    • C10J2300/0906—Physical processes, e.g. shredding, comminuting, chopping, sorting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
    • C10J2300/1643—Conversion of synthesis gas to energy
    • C10J2300/165—Conversion of synthesis gas to energy integrated with a gas turbine or gas motor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1671—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • F02B43/08—Plants characterised by the engines using gaseous fuel generated in the plant from solid fuel, e.g. wood
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a system and a process for treating solid urban wastes.
  • object of the present invention is solving the above prior art problems, by providing a system and a process for treating solid urban wastes RSU that allow exploiting the energy resources present in the wastes, giving values to combustible fractions of the wastes themselves.
  • an object of the present invention is providing a system and a process for treating solid urban wastes RSU that allow treating the RSU wastes "as such", namely without the economic burden deriving from the differential collection.
  • Another object of the present invention is providing a system and a process for treating solid urban wastes that can allow providing a mean potentiality of treatment, thereby able to be a solution with high chances of being widespreaded on the territory, above all within small communities and in peripheral quarters of big urban or metropolitan cities.
  • the process for treating solid urban wastes RSU comprises, in particular, the steps of:
  • step F9 allows obtaining the separation of non-metallic wastes R m into three different fractions R P , R oc and R lf exploiting their different behaviour when an acqueous phase is present;
  • thermocatalytic system implements, through a thermocatalytic reactor, a process that allows, by using a catalyst, obtaining, at a temperature of about 400°C, the demolition of polymeric chains of plastics to obtain hydrocarbons with shorter chains (equivalent to the composition of gas-oils) cmposing a combustible mixture;
  • gassifying systems implement a thermochemical process that allows the direct transformation of the biomass composed of the component fraction of organic-cellulosic wastes R oc into synthesis gaseous fuel (syngas) mainly composed of methane, C0 2 and H 2 .
  • steps Fll and/or F13 comprise the substep of providing F15 such combustible mixture and/or such synthesis gaseous fuel to a cogenerating system substantially known in the art for producing electric energy E E or thermal energy E T (heat) .
  • step F9 of humid separating then operates on wastes RSU "as such" after the triturating step F3 and the separating step for metallic F5 and non-metallic components F7.
  • step F9 therefore allows making an eterogeneous mixture composed of water and non-metallic wastes R NM and extracting from such mixture the three components R P , R oc and R T continuously, due to their different behaviour in water determined by their own weight.
  • the various fractions advantageously have different destinations:
  • the lighter fraction composed of the component of plastic wastes R P , is sent to the thermocatalytic process for producing a combustible mixture that can be used for producing electric or thermal energy through the cogenerating system;
  • the fraction of organic-cellulosic wastes R oc is sent, possibly after a previous dehydrating step, to gassification for producing a synthesis gas and afterwards producing electric or thermal energy through the cogenerating system;
  • the present invention further refers to a system for treating solid urban wastes RSU, preferably adapted to implement the process according to the present invention as previously described.
  • the system according to the present invention comprises:
  • thermocatalytic system adapted to produce a combustible mixture through a thermocatalytic process from such component fraction of plastic wastes R P ;
  • At least one gassifying system adapted to produce a synthesis gaseous fuel (syngas) through a thermochemical process from such component fraction of organic- cellulosic wastes R oc -
  • the system according to the present invention further comprises cogenerating means adapted to produce electric energy or thermal energy from such combustible mixture produced by the thermocatalytic system and/or from such synthesis gaseous fuel (syngas) produced by the gassifying system.
  • cogenerating means adapted to produce electric energy or thermal energy from such combustible mixture produced by the thermocatalytic system and/or from such synthesis gaseous fuel (syngas) produced by the gassifying system.
  • the means for humid separating are composed of an apparatus (idropulper) substantially known in the art and composed of a horizontal cylinder in which the eterogeneous mixture composed of water and non- metallic wastes R NM is inserted and removed in its three components R P , R OC and R z (lighter plastics, organic- cellulosic component, heavier inerts-glass ) in a continuous way.
  • an apparatus idropulper substantially known in the art and composed of a horizontal cylinder in which the eterogeneous mixture composed of water and non- metallic wastes R NM is inserted and removed in its three components R P , R OC and R z (lighter plastics, organic- cellulosic component, heavier inerts-glass ) in a continuous way.
  • the thermocatalytic system comprises at least one primary reactor adapted to transform, through the intervention of a catalyst, preferably arranged on the bottom of the reactor itself, the component fraction of plastic wastes R P (substantially composed of polyolefins) into liquid hydrocarbons, that contain petrol, light oils, fuel oils, waxes, microwaxes, in addition to, in a gaseous form, butane and propane composing the combustible mixture.
  • the thermocatalytic system further comprises at least one secondary reactor adapted to refine the fraction of hydrocarbons of the produced combustible mixture and improve its combustible properties .
  • the gassifying system is instead adapted to produce the synthesis gaseous fuel (syngas) in which there are also not completely oxidised substances to be possibly used in a following step, for example in internal combustion engines or in cogenerating means for producing electric or thermal energy, through a partial oxidation of the fraction of organic-cellulosic wastes R oc .
  • the synthesis gaseous fuel (syngas) produced by the gassifying system is essentially composed of carbon monoxide (CO) , hydrogen (H 2 ) , metane (CH 4 ) , in addition to carbon dioxide and water deriving from the complete oxidation reactions, and nitrogen (N 2 ) deriving from combustion air:
  • the composition of the synthesis gaseous fuel (syngas) obviously depends on the operating process conditions.
  • the solid residue that is obtained at the end of the gassification process can be:

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé pour le traitement de déchets urbains solides (RSU) comprenant les étapes consistant à utiliser (F1) au moins une quantité de déchets urbains solides RSU (R1), triturer (F3) de tels déchets (R1) pour produire au moins une quantité de déchets triturés (R2), séparer (F5) de tels déchets triturés (R2) d'un composant déchets métalliques (RM) et obtenir (F7) au moins un composant déchets non métalliques (RNM) de tels déchets triturés (R2), séparer en voie humide (F9) de tels déchets non métalliques (RNM) pour obtenir au moins une fraction de composant déchets plastiques (RP), au moins une fraction de composant déchets organiques-cellulosiques (Roc) et au moins une fraction de composant déchets inertes (R1), introduire (F11) une telle fraction de composant déchets plastiques (RP) dans au moins un système thermocatalytique pour obtenir un mélange combustible, introduire (F13) une telle fraction de composant déchets organiques-cellulosiques (Roc) dans un système de gazéification pour obtenir un combustible gazeux de synthèse. L'invention porte également sur un système pour le traitement de déchets urbains solides.
PCT/IT2010/000156 2010-04-13 2010-04-13 Système et procédé pour le traitement de déchets urbains solides WO2011128918A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2010/000156 WO2011128918A1 (fr) 2010-04-13 2010-04-13 Système et procédé pour le traitement de déchets urbains solides

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2010/000156 WO2011128918A1 (fr) 2010-04-13 2010-04-13 Système et procédé pour le traitement de déchets urbains solides

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011128918A1 true WO2011128918A1 (fr) 2011-10-20

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2488923A (en) * 2012-05-08 2012-09-12 Chinook Sciences Ltd Method of processing material for producing syngas
WO2013093123A1 (fr) * 2011-12-22 2013-06-27 Masias Recycling, S.L. Procédé de traitement en continu des résidus solides urbains

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5084135A (en) * 1990-03-27 1992-01-28 Advanced Environmental Recycling Technologies, Inc. Recycling plastic coated paper product waste
DE19923108A1 (de) * 1999-05-19 2000-11-23 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zur Abtrennung unterschiedlicher verwertbarer Materialfraktionen aus gemischtem Abfall
DE19936524A1 (de) * 1999-08-03 2001-02-15 Radwan Matrmawi Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermolytischen Aufarbeitung von polymer- und zellulosehaltigen Stoffen, insbesondere Shredderleichtgut
WO2005120713A1 (fr) * 2004-06-09 2005-12-22 Ubb Magdeburg Kipper & Dr. Stegmann Gbr Procede et appareil pour le traitement et l'utilisation de melanges de dechets liquides et solides

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5084135A (en) * 1990-03-27 1992-01-28 Advanced Environmental Recycling Technologies, Inc. Recycling plastic coated paper product waste
DE19923108A1 (de) * 1999-05-19 2000-11-23 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zur Abtrennung unterschiedlicher verwertbarer Materialfraktionen aus gemischtem Abfall
DE19936524A1 (de) * 1999-08-03 2001-02-15 Radwan Matrmawi Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermolytischen Aufarbeitung von polymer- und zellulosehaltigen Stoffen, insbesondere Shredderleichtgut
WO2005120713A1 (fr) * 2004-06-09 2005-12-22 Ubb Magdeburg Kipper & Dr. Stegmann Gbr Procede et appareil pour le traitement et l'utilisation de melanges de dechets liquides et solides

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013093123A1 (fr) * 2011-12-22 2013-06-27 Masias Recycling, S.L. Procédé de traitement en continu des résidus solides urbains
EP2796213A4 (fr) * 2011-12-22 2015-06-24 Masias Recycling S L Procédé de traitement en continu des résidus solides urbains
GB2488923A (en) * 2012-05-08 2012-09-12 Chinook Sciences Ltd Method of processing material for producing syngas
GB2488923B (en) * 2012-05-08 2013-02-20 Chinook Sciences Ltd Improvements in waste processing
US9447703B2 (en) 2012-05-08 2016-09-20 Chinook End-Stage Recycling Limited Waste processing

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