WO2011126465A2 - Motion system for wind turbine - Google Patents

Motion system for wind turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011126465A2
WO2011126465A2 PCT/TR2011/000078 TR2011000078W WO2011126465A2 WO 2011126465 A2 WO2011126465 A2 WO 2011126465A2 TR 2011000078 W TR2011000078 W TR 2011000078W WO 2011126465 A2 WO2011126465 A2 WO 2011126465A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind
blade
wing
angle
axis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/TR2011/000078
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French (fr)
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WO2011126465A3 (en
Inventor
Ozer Cakir
Original Assignee
Ozer Cakir
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2011126465A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011126465A2/en
Publication of WO2011126465A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011126465A3/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D3/066—Rotors characterised by their construction elements the wind engaging parts being movable relative to the rotor
    • F03D3/067—Cyclic movements
    • F03D3/068—Cyclic movements mechanically controlled by the rotor structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F05B2240/214—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Musgrove or "H"-type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/76—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism using auxiliary power sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to motion system for a wind turbine which transforms the kinetic energy of wind primarily into mechanical energy and then into electrical energy.
  • Wind energy is a motional (kinetic) energy which generates wind from air current. A part of this energy can be transformed into effective mechanical or electrical energy.
  • Wind power has become one of the renewable energy resources, the usage of which is increasing progressively.
  • the wind turbines used in related state of art were the systems which transformed the kinetic energy of wind primarily into mechanical energy and then into electrical energy.
  • a wind turbine consisted of tower, generator, speed transducer (gear case) , electrical- electronical elements and rotor.
  • the kinetic energy of wind was transformed into mechanical energy and transferred into generator in body part by accelerating rotary motion of propeller shaft.
  • the electrical energy obtained from the generator was stored by means of accumulators or transmitted directly to receivers.
  • Wind turbines were classified into two groups as “Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines” and “Vertical Axis Wind Turbines” according to their rotation axis .
  • wind velocity One of the most important variables determining the amount of energy that the systems mentioned above generates, is wind velocity. The faster the wind which comes to the wind turbine is, the faster the wind turbine rotates and thus the amount of produced energy increases in the same rate.
  • another important variable for determining energy amount produced is the utilization amount of wind turbine from wind. Since the wind velocity is stable and cannot be increased in the areas where wind turbines are located, the only present solution to be offerred by suppliers and designers is to increase the utilization amount of wind turbine from wind in order to enhance energy efficiency of current systems. Therefore, various arrangements has been made for increasing the capacity to obtain energy over wind turbines .
  • the most important modification is to adjust the impact angle of wind to turbine wings in such a way that the highest energy amount can be provided.
  • the impact direction of wind to turbine wings can only be realised by changing the position and orientation of turbine wings.
  • air current which is generated by atmospheric phenomenon and is called as wind consists of little air particles and it has a changable direction and velocity.
  • the direction and velocity of wind changes continuously depending upon atmospheric conditions. Since the direction and velocity of wind changes continuously, the position and orientation of wind turbines should also be changed continuously in order to get the optimum efficiency.
  • the first example that may be given to wind turbine orientation systems used currently was the wind turbines which contained declination mechanism.
  • the wind direction and velocity was measured by a measuring equipment (weather wane) provided in the system and the rotor wings were rotated according to arrival side of wind with regard to values taken from said measuring equipment.
  • Declination mechanism benefited from electrical motors for the purpose of turning the direction of system towards the wind together with rotor.
  • the turbine was declined only a couple of degree outright.
  • the position of the wings in the system could not be arranged as requested within these systems. Rotor wings can be moved collectively in horizontal plane and this could not be possible in vertical plane.
  • each wing could not meet the wind by an angle which gained optimum benefit from the wind since each of them provided in rotor wings could not be directed independently.
  • either tower system or the whole rotor wing unit had to be overturned while the declination mechanism overturned the system pursuant to wind.
  • the presence of big electrical motors in system increased both the setting costs and operating costs.
  • wind turbine declination systems currently used is wind turbine systems in which declination of system according to wind is performed without motor.
  • these systems there was a guide blade positioned at the back of the rotor wing system vertically its ground plane.
  • the said wing changed the direction of the wind turbine rotors according to the direction of the wind, after the wind touched to the guide blade.
  • efficiency could be increased slightly by using this sytem and it was not possible to obtain optimum energy efficiency by using the said system.
  • the wind turbine structures used in related state of art comprised mostly fan blade systems.
  • the working principle of the said systems was not to rotate the fan blades when the wind crushed to the wing, but to rotate the fan blades by generating differential pressure between lower surface and upper surface of them as in plane and helicopter wings.
  • Major wing diameters were needed in order to obtain higher migration from the systems operating with such principle.
  • the width of wing surface had an effect on the rotating of system, however the lenght of wing had essential effect on rotating of system.
  • maximizing of width of wind surface and lenght of wing caused both the setting and operation costs to be increased.
  • Figure 1 is a close view of various wing structures of wind turbine motion system.
  • Figure 2 is a detailed view (starting point) showing the case of crashing direction of wind to wing surface with 90° angle (making 0° angle with z axis) in regard to wind turbine motion system.
  • Figure 3 is a top view showing wing positions for the case of crashing of wind to wing surface with different angles in regard to wind turbine motion system.
  • Figure 4 is a detailed view of one wing showing the changing of wind-meeting angle of wing while the motion system is rotating, in regard to wind turbine motion system.
  • Figure 5 is the display of angles of said forces and the forces that affects on one wing in regard to wind turbine motion system.
  • Figure 6 is the display of various wing stabilisation positions of wind turbine motion system.
  • Figure 7 is the display of the section scanned by wings during the rotation of wind turbine motion system.
  • Figure 8 is a side view of wind turbine motion system as a whole.
  • Figure 9 is a detailed view showing the system adapted for naval platforms in regard to wind turbine motion system.
  • Figure 10 is a view of design structure aimed to gradually control power generation of motion system within wind turbine motion system.
  • the working efficiency of system is increased by wind contact surface since there is a multi-blade (1) motion system having independent wings (1) instead of rotor system in order to get motion from wind.
  • Each of wings (1) can be arranged according to the direction of wind since the wings (1) since the wings (1) within wind turbine motion system of the present invention can make free rotation around bedding point (2) . Therefore maximum benefit and energy can be obtained from the motion of the wind.
  • the present invention for wing turbine motion system comprises at least one actuating shaft (4) positioned vertically, at least two wing torque rod (3) positioned on said actuating shaft (4) for each wing (1) in proportion to wing number (1) and wings (1) connected to each wing torque rod (3) by means of at least one bedding point (2) .
  • Wings (1) can move freely in such a way that center point of motion will be the bedding point (2) since the above- mentioned wings (1) are fixed to the wing torque rods (3) from at least one bedding point (2).
  • wings (1) are chosen as of rectangular shape.
  • Wing slots (5) are positioned on each wing (1) for increasing the effect of wind on wings (1) .
  • the air particles collide with wing (1) vertically according to x, y axis when the wind crashes to wing (1) with 0° impact angle ( ⁇ ) according to z axis and in this case all kinetic energy of kinetic air particles is taken by the wing (1) .
  • a part of kinetic air particles affecting the wing (1) surface flows over wing (1) when the impact angle ( ⁇ ) of wind to wing according to z axis is a different value from 0°.
  • Wing slots (5) prevents air going through the wing (1) easily and it provides impact effect of kinetic air particles, in other words driving power of wind, to affect more on wings (1) . In addition to that, it benefits from friction effect of air particles in consequence of its productive effect.
  • the structures of wing slots (5) in other words the structures of small resistance surfaces positioned on wing (1) can be arranged and they can be formed in any direction and shape.
  • the following equivalents are used in order to determine the effect of wind on wings (1).
  • q Kinetic energy of wind
  • the force provided for necessary motion in order to allow system to produce energy is torque force and said torque force is under the effect of vertical component (F' ) of the force (F) affected on wing surface in the direction of z.
  • the motion of wing actuating shaft (4) is provided by component (Fd) which makes a right angle to wing torque rod of the component (F') of the force (F) affected on wing surface in the direction of z and affected on wing torque rod (3) basically.
  • the length of wing torque rod (3) depends on wing surface area in air current (S) , velocity of wind (V) , impact angle of wing to wind according to z axis ( ⁇ ) and the angle ( ⁇ ) that the wing (1) made according to x axis with its wing torque rod in order to obtain maximum efficiency from system.
  • S wing surface area in air current
  • V velocity of wind
  • ⁇ impact angle of wing to wind according to z axis
  • ⁇ the angle ( ⁇ ) that the wing (1) made according to x axis with its wing torque rod in order to obtain maximum efficiency from system.
  • Wings (1) are inclined by using an eletronic inclining apparatus in order to make the impact angle ( ⁇ ) of wind to wing (1) positions according to z axis and the angle ( ⁇ ) made with wing torque rod according to x axis to be suitable value of a/2.
  • the impact angle ( ⁇ ) of wind to wing (1) according to z axis and the angle ( ⁇ ) made with wing torque rod according to x axis plane are arranged continuously by measuring rotation angle (a) made with starting point of the wing torque rod by means of an electronical inclination system and by changing wing (1) positions.
  • the rotation angle (a) made with starting point and wing torque rod changes when position of each wing (1) has changed and electronic inclination apparatus arranges the impact angle ( ⁇ ) of wind to wing (1) according to z axis and the angle ( ⁇ ) made with wing torque rod according to x axis continuously as a/2 according to these changing values.
  • electronic inclination system to be used within said system can be consisted of inclining units each of which is connected to each wing (1) seperately and also it can be used as a collective inclining unit for all wings (1) in order to arrange the impact angle ( ⁇ ) of wind to wing (1) according to z axis and the angle ( ⁇ ) made with wing torque rod according to x axis.
  • the present invention for wind turbine motion system can transform mechanical energy obtained from wind power into electrical energy by means of an alternator just like in its similar kinds used in state of art.
  • the mechanical energy taken from wind turbine motion system can be used in stead of sail with a gear and different apparatus connected to wing actuating shaft (4) in order to provide motion in sailing ships instead of obtaining electrical energy.
  • wind turbine motion system transfers the mechanical energy from wind directly to motion rotors and moves the vessel without need for sail or similar motion equipments.
  • a wind turbine motion system and also more than one coupled wind turbine motion system can be used in order to produce energy.
  • alternator or mechanical system can be controlled by a control unit gradually and actively within the present invention for wind turbine motion system just like in wind turbines available in state of art.
  • the control unit can control rotation speed and motions of system depending upon wind velocity and hence wind energy. Depending upon the information taken from these controls, it prevents energy loss by getting and removing of additive alternator or mechanical systems into circuit gradually and provides the designed system to work in much more unsteady weather conditions at very dominant productivity levels.
  • Said control unit system prevents system to be damaged at high wind speed by braking or controlling the in such a way that wings (1) make a minor angle with wind and obtain less power.
  • the main object of the present invention for wind turbine motion system is to use such a control system which provides to generate minimum surface area by rotating wings to same direction with wind or stops the system definitely for protecting said system in maintenance periods and undesirable storm conditions as described above although it is setted in order to obtain maximum efficiency from wind energy.
  • This control system to be used includes different sensors of state of art and can control the information taken from these sensors, the system and the wing (1) angles by means of mechanical systems according to PC-PLC- containing analysis and the program installed depending upon this analysis.
  • contol system including system or wing (1) gear system, servomotors with chain system, hydrolic system and pneumatic system
  • the present invention for wind turbine motion system can be used as vertical-axial while it can be used as horizontal-axial in some models.
  • wing actuating shaft (4) is positioned vertically in the system.
  • wing actuating shaft (4) is positioned horizontally in the system.

Abstract

The present invention relates to motion system for a wind turbine which transforms the kinetic energy of wind primarily into mechanical energy and then into electrical energy.

Description

MOTION SYSTEM FOR WIND TURBINE
The present invention relates to motion system for a wind turbine which transforms the kinetic energy of wind primarily into mechanical energy and then into electrical energy.
Recently, alternative energy-generating resources have been investigated for the reason that current systems are unsatisfactory in terms of energy generation. Since the usage of fossil-based fuels harm the environment substantially, the usage of the said fossil-based fuels for energy generation is abandoned gradually. Besides, raw material reserves used in order to generate fosil- based fuels are about to die out, therefore the potential of the fosil-based fuels to be used decreases even though environmental pollution is ignored. Nuclear power plants, one of the other resources used for energy generation, can not be much of practical solution since they pose a risk during running process and they have high set-up costs. Hydroelectric power plants having a purpose of energy generation from stream momentum also become disfunctional for many areas since necessary setting conditions are not available. Thus, searching for alternative energy resources of worldwide continues. One of these alternative energy resources is wind energy.
Wind energy is a motional (kinetic) energy which generates wind from air current. A part of this energy can be transformed into effective mechanical or electrical energy.
The beginning of getting benefit from wind power dates back to ancient times. Sailing ships and windmills can be given as an example of first utilization from wind power. Later on, wind power is utilized for grain milling, water pumping and wood chopping. Nowadays, it is mostly used for power (electricity) generation.
By the usage of fosil-based fuels and nuclear energy pollutes nature in various ways. However, the environment is never polluted in course of obtaining energy from wind and accordingly wind energy is a pure energy; the only pollution that it causes is noise. Nowadays, the noise of rotors is reduced to a great extent when rotating.
Wind power has become one of the renewable energy resources, the usage of which is increasing progressively. Nowadays even though the usage rate of wind energy in the world is very low studies are carried out for meeting thel2% of world electric demand from wind energy in 2020. The wind turbines used in related state of art were the systems which transformed the kinetic energy of wind primarily into mechanical energy and then into electrical energy. In general, a wind turbine consisted of tower, generator, speed transducer (gear case) , electrical- electronical elements and rotor. The kinetic energy of wind was transformed into mechanical energy and transferred into generator in body part by accelerating rotary motion of propeller shaft. The electrical energy obtained from the generator was stored by means of accumulators or transmitted directly to receivers.
Even though current wind turbines varied in terms of dimension and type, they were generally classified according to rotation axis. Wind turbines were classified into two groups as "Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines" and "Vertical Axis Wind Turbines" according to their rotation axis .
One of the most important variables determining the amount of energy that the systems mentioned above generates, is wind velocity. The faster the wind which comes to the wind turbine is, the faster the wind turbine rotates and thus the amount of produced energy increases in the same rate. In addition to these, another important variable for determining energy amount produced is the utilization amount of wind turbine from wind. Since the wind velocity is stable and cannot be increased in the areas where wind turbines are located, the only present solution to be offerred by suppliers and designers is to increase the utilization amount of wind turbine from wind in order to enhance energy efficiency of current systems. Therefore, various arrangements has been made for increasing the capacity to obtain energy over wind turbines .
In order to enhance energy generation efficiency of wind turbine, the most important modification is to adjust the impact angle of wind to turbine wings in such a way that the highest energy amount can be provided. The impact direction of wind to turbine wings can only be realised by changing the position and orientation of turbine wings. As known, air current which is generated by atmospheric phenomenon and is called as wind consists of little air particles and it has a changable direction and velocity. The direction and velocity of wind changes continuously depending upon atmospheric conditions. Since the direction and velocity of wind changes continuously, the position and orientation of wind turbines should also be changed continuously in order to get the optimum efficiency. In the state of art, there were several systems and methods used for changing the positions and orientations of wings of wind turbine according to the wind direction and velocity. The first example that may be given to wind turbine orientation systems used currently was the wind turbines which contained declination mechanism. Within these systems, the wind direction and velocity was measured by a measuring equipment (weather wane) provided in the system and the rotor wings were rotated according to arrival side of wind with regard to values taken from said measuring equipment. Declination mechanism benefited from electrical motors for the purpose of turning the direction of system towards the wind together with rotor. When the wind changed its direction, normally the turbine was declined only a couple of degree outright. However, the position of the wings in the system could not be arranged as requested within these systems. Rotor wings can be moved collectively in horizontal plane and this could not be possible in vertical plane. Besides, each wing could not meet the wind by an angle which gained optimum benefit from the wind since each of them provided in rotor wings could not be directed independently. In addition to these, either tower system or the whole rotor wing unit had to be overturned while the declination mechanism overturned the system pursuant to wind. This obligation required to have big electrical motors to be used for directing within the wind turbines. The presence of big electrical motors in system increased both the setting costs and operating costs.
Another example given to wind turbine declination systems currently used is wind turbine systems in which declination of system according to wind is performed without motor. Within these systems, there was a guide blade positioned at the back of the rotor wing system vertically its ground plane. In case of wind blowing from different directions, the said wing changed the direction of the wind turbine rotors according to the direction of the wind, after the wind touched to the guide blade. However, it was not possible to guide the rotor positions in a way that they would obtain the maximum efficiency from wind since the system was operating without motor. Therefore, efficiency could be increased slightly by using this sytem and it was not possible to obtain optimum energy efficiency by using the said system. Moreover, only rotors could be overturned in the direction of wind within the present system while wind receiving angle of fan blades could not be controlled for the reason that fans had constant angles and said system could not provide sufficient energy conversion. The wind turbine structures used in related state of art comprised mostly fan blade systems. The working principle of the said systems was not to rotate the fan blades when the wind crushed to the wing, but to rotate the fan blades by generating differential pressure between lower surface and upper surface of them as in plane and helicopter wings. Major wing diameters were needed in order to obtain higher migration from the systems operating with such principle. The width of wing surface had an effect on the rotating of system, however the lenght of wing had essential effect on rotating of system. Within said systems, It was needed to maximize the width of wind surface and lenght of wing in order to provide sufficient energy efficieny. However, maximizing of width of wind surface and lenght of wing caused both the setting and operation costs to be increased.
1. Brief Description of Figures Figure 1 is a close view of various wing structures of wind turbine motion system.
Figure 2 is a detailed view (starting point) showing the case of crashing direction of wind to wing surface with 90° angle (making 0° angle with z axis) in regard to wind turbine motion system.
Figure 3 is a top view showing wing positions for the case of crashing of wind to wing surface with different angles in regard to wind turbine motion system.
Figure 4 is a detailed view of one wing showing the changing of wind-meeting angle of wing while the motion system is rotating, in regard to wind turbine motion system.
Figure 5 is the display of angles of said forces and the forces that affects on one wing in regard to wind turbine motion system.
Figure 6 is the display of various wing stabilisation positions of wind turbine motion system.
Figure 7 is the display of the section scanned by wings during the rotation of wind turbine motion system. Figure 8 is a side view of wind turbine motion system as a whole.
Figure 9 is a detailed view showing the system adapted for naval platforms in regard to wind turbine motion system.
Figure 10 is a view of design structure aimed to gradually control power generation of motion system within wind turbine motion system. 2. Description of Components
1. Wing
2. Bedding point
3. Wing torque rod
4. Wing Actuating shaft
5. Wing slots
S. Surface area of the wing in air current
Θ Impact angle of wind to wing according to z axis a Rotation angle between wing torque rod and starting point
β The angle that the wing has made to the x axis plane with its wing torque rod
F. Force affecting the wing surface in the direction of z axis
F' . Component vertical to wing plane in regard to the force affecting the wing surface in the direction of z axis
Fd. Component made a right angle to wing torque rod of component F' which is the component of the force affecting the wing surface in the direction of z axis V. Velocity of wind
In the structure of the present invention for wing turbine motion system, the working efficiency of system is increased by wind contact surface since there is a multi-blade (1) motion system having independent wings (1) instead of rotor system in order to get motion from wind.
Each of wings (1) can be arranged according to the direction of wind since the wings (1) since the wings (1) within wind turbine motion system of the present invention can make free rotation around bedding point (2) . Therefore maximum benefit and energy can be obtained from the motion of the wind.
In order to arrange the structure of the present invention according to the direction of wind, it is sufficient to arrange the wings (1) merely. Thus, there is no need for electric motors the setting and operating costs of which is high in order to arrange said system according to the direction of wind. When describing the wind turbine motion system of the present invention within description and claims part, x, y, z coordinate system is taken as reference. Y axis is extending along long edge of wing in this direction. The term starting point described within description and claims of the present invention for wind turbine motion system indicates the impact of wind direction to wing plane with 90°C angle (0° angle with z axis) in other words indicatesthe initial state of the present invention for wind turbine motion system.
The present invention for wing turbine motion system comprises at least one actuating shaft (4) positioned vertically, at least two wing torque rod (3) positioned on said actuating shaft (4) for each wing (1) in proportion to wing number (1) and wings (1) connected to each wing torque rod (3) by means of at least one bedding point (2) .
Wings (1) can move freely in such a way that center point of motion will be the bedding point (2) since the above- mentioned wings (1) are fixed to the wing torque rods (3) from at least one bedding point (2).
Preferably, wings (1) are chosen as of rectangular shape. Wing slots (5) are positioned on each wing (1) for increasing the effect of wind on wings (1) . The air particles collide with wing (1) vertically according to x, y axis when the wind crashes to wing (1) with 0° impact angle (Θ) according to z axis and in this case all kinetic energy of kinetic air particles is taken by the wing (1) . However, a part of kinetic air particles affecting the wing (1) surface flows over wing (1) when the impact angle (Θ) of wind to wing according to z axis is a different value from 0°. Wing slots (5) prevents air going through the wing (1) easily and it provides impact effect of kinetic air particles, in other words driving power of wind, to affect more on wings (1) . In addition to that, it benefits from friction effect of air particles in consequence of its productive effect. In the direction of said friction effect and power accordingly, the structures of wing slots (5) in other words the structures of small resistance surfaces positioned on wing (1) can be arranged and they can be formed in any direction and shape. Within the present invention, the following equivalents are used in order to determine the effect of wind on wings (1). In which: q = Kinetic energy of wind
p = Specific weight of air
V = Velocity of wind
T = Torque force
F = Force affected on wing surface in the direction of z axis
R = Length of wing torque rod
S = Surface area of wing in air current q = ½ p V2
By means of above-mentioned equivalent, kinetic energy of wind is provided. For wing (1) exposed to wind motion, when impact angle (Θ) of wind to wing according to z axis is 0° and when the force (F) affected on wing surface in the direction of z axis is calculated, the following equivalent comes out. When said equivalent is analyzed, it will be seen that the magnitude of force (F) affected on wing surface in the direction of z axis depends on wing area and velocity (V) of wind.
F = q.S
The force (F) affected on wing surface in the direction of z axis and generated on wing surface area in air current generates torque on wing actuating shaft (4) by menas of wing torque rod (3) connected to wings (1) . The equivalents with respect to generated torque force are presented in the following: T = F.R
T = q.S.R
Above-mentioned equivalents is valid for the case that the impact angle (Θ) of wind to wing according to z axis is 0°. At first, since the wings (1) are stable in connection with system the impact angle (Θ) of wind to wing according to z axis will be 0° but wings (1) start to move by means of wing actuating shaft (4) within system with the effect of first air particles crashing to the wing (1) · Thereby, the receiving angle of wing (1) surface area relating to wind in air current is changed by rotating of system and consequently vertical component (F' ) of the force (F) affected on wing surface in the direction of z axis and generated on wing (1) surface area in air current changes as well. Vertical component of the force (F) affected on wing surface in the direction of z, which provides the rotation motion of wing actuating shaft (4) and accordingly energy generation is (F' ) within system. The equivalent regarding the vertical component of the force (F) affected on wing surface in the direction of z is given following: F' = F.Cos Θ that is F' = q.S.Cos Θ
As mentioned above, the force provided for necessary motion in order to allow system to produce energy is torque force and said torque force is under the effect of vertical component (F' ) of the force (F) affected on wing surface in the direction of z. Also, the motion of wing actuating shaft (4) is provided by component (Fd) which makes a right angle to wing torque rod of the component (F') of the force (F) affected on wing surface in the direction of z and affected on wing torque rod (3) basically. In this case, force equivalent of system will be as in the following: Fd = F' .Cos β
In this case, the equivalent of torque force is as the following : T = R.q.S.Cos Θ-Cos β
When above-mentioned equivalents are examined, R mentioned in said equivalents in other words the length of wing torque rod (3) depends on wing surface area in air current (S) , velocity of wind (V) , impact angle of wing to wind according to z axis (Θ) and the angle (β) that the wing (1) made according to x axis with its wing torque rod in order to obtain maximum efficiency from system. When system is setting, the length of wing torque rod (3) and wing surface area in air current can be determined according to user's preference and velocity of wind (V) changes according to setting conditions and term of using the system. In order to increase energy efficiency of system, the value of Cos O.Cos β which is the only arrangeable variable by user according to above- mentioned equivalents should be provided as having the maximum value. In order to keep the multiplication value of Cos O.Cos β as high as possible, controlling of instant wing (1) positions continuously in other words the impact angle (Θ) of wind to wing according to z axis and the angle (β) made by wing torque rod according to x axis should be arranged in such a way that maximum efficiency can be obtained. Within our invention, various efforts has been made in order to maximize efficiency and hence Cos G.Cos β value and consequently it is observed that maximum value is provided in case of Θ = a/2 and
β = α/2.
With the wind crashing the wings (1), wings (1) start to rotate on wing actuating shaft (4) and hence rotation angle (a) made with starting point and wing torque rod changes by taking the starting point as reference according to instant position of each wing (1) . Together with rotating wings (1) continuously, rotation angle (a) that the wing torque rod makes with starting point and changing wing torque rod should be measured by an apparatus and it should be arranged in such a way that multiplication of Cos G.Cos β can take maximum value and wing (1) positions can take Θ = a/2 and β = α/2 values in order to get maximum efficiency.
Wings (1) are inclined by using an eletronic inclining apparatus in order to make the impact angle (Θ) of wind to wing (1) positions according to z axis and the angle (β) made with wing torque rod according to x axis to be suitable value of a/2. The impact angle (Θ) of wind to wing (1) according to z axis and the angle (β) made with wing torque rod according to x axis plane are arranged continuously by measuring rotation angle (a) made with starting point of the wing torque rod by means of an electronical inclination system and by changing wing (1) positions. Together with motion of the system, the rotation angle (a) made with starting point and wing torque rod changes when position of each wing (1) has changed and electronic inclination apparatus arranges the impact angle (Θ) of wind to wing (1) according to z axis and the angle (β) made with wing torque rod according to x axis continuously as a/2 according to these changing values.
Because of above-mentioned wing positions, electronic inclination system to be used within said system can be consisted of inclining units each of which is connected to each wing (1) seperately and also it can be used as a collective inclining unit for all wings (1) in order to arrange the impact angle (Θ) of wind to wing (1) according to z axis and the angle (β) made with wing torque rod according to x axis.
The present invention for wind turbine motion system can transform mechanical energy obtained from wind power into electrical energy by means of an alternator just like in its similar kinds used in state of art. Similarly, the mechanical energy taken from wind turbine motion system can be used in stead of sail with a gear and different apparatus connected to wing actuating shaft (4) in order to provide motion in sailing ships instead of obtaining electrical energy. In this case, wind turbine motion system transfers the mechanical energy from wind directly to motion rotors and moves the vessel without need for sail or similar motion equipments.
By using the present invention for wind turbine motion system, a wind turbine motion system and also more than one coupled wind turbine motion system can be used in order to produce energy. Again, there are more than one alternator or mechanical system can be controlled by a control unit gradually and actively within the present invention for wind turbine motion system just like in wind turbines available in state of art. The control unit can control rotation speed and motions of system depending upon wind velocity and hence wind energy. Depending upon the information taken from these controls, it prevents energy loss by getting and removing of additive alternator or mechanical systems into circuit gradually and provides the designed system to work in much more unsteady weather conditions at very dominant productivity levels. Said control unit system prevents system to be damaged at high wind speed by braking or controlling the in such a way that wings (1) make a minor angle with wind and obtain less power. The main object of the present invention for wind turbine motion system is to use such a control system which provides to generate minimum surface area by rotating wings to same direction with wind or stops the system definitely for protecting said system in maintenance periods and undesirable storm conditions as described above although it is setted in order to obtain maximum efficiency from wind energy.
This control system to be used includes different sensors of state of art and can control the information taken from these sensors, the system and the wing (1) angles by means of mechanical systems according to PC-PLC- containing analysis and the program installed depending upon this analysis. By means of contol system including system or wing (1) gear system, servomotors with chain system, hydrolic system and pneumatic system, one of many alternatives of state of art can be adapted to said designed system. The present invention for wind turbine motion system can be used as vertical-axial while it can be used as horizontal-axial in some models. In vertical-axial usages, wing actuating shaft (4) is positioned vertically in the system. In horizontal-axial usages, wing actuating shaft (4) is positioned horizontally in the system.

Claims

A wind turbine drive system which has at least one vertically positioned blade drive shaft (4), and at least two blade support arms (3) on said blade drive shaft (4) for each blade (1) in proportion to the number of blades (1) , and which has blades (1) , which are coupled to each blade support arm (3) by means of at least one bearing point (2) on said blade support arms (3) , and which uses a guidance system so as to be able to move the blades in such a way that the bearing point (2) will be the central point of movement of said blades (1), characterized in that the wind's angle of attack (Θ) to the blade with the Z axis and the blade's angle (β) made with the X axis plane by its own blade support arm are arranged at one half of the rotation angle (a) made with the start point of the permanent blade support arm, so that the blade (1) orientation, i.e. their angles, continually achieve optimal efficiency.
A wind turbine drive system as described in claim 1, characterized in that
• the rotation angle (a) of the blade support arm with the start point, as based upon each blade's (1) position at each moment when the blade drive shaft (4) starts to rotate as the wind strikes the blades (1), is being measured by a device continuously.
• in accordance with the values received at each moment, the wind's angle (Θ) of attack to the blade with the Z axis and the blade' s angle (β) made with the X axis plane by its own blade support arm, are adjusted continually by means of an electronic blade (1) steering apparatus in order to acquire the value a/2.
3. An electronic steering apparatus as described in the claims above, characterized in that it measures the rotation angle (a) made with the start point by the blade support arm, which is measured for each blade (1) at each moment and which can be different for each blade, and that it is able to adjust the angle (Θ) of attack of each blade (1) to the Z axis and the blade's angle (β) made with the X axis plane by its own blade support arm, so as to acquire the value a/2 for each blade (1) separately.
PCT/TR2011/000078 2010-04-05 2011-04-05 Motion system for wind turbine WO2011126465A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TR2010/02636 2010-04-05
TR2010/02636A TR201002636A2 (en) 2010-04-05 2010-04-05 A wind turbine motion system.

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WO2011126465A2 true WO2011126465A2 (en) 2011-10-13
WO2011126465A3 WO2011126465A3 (en) 2012-12-06

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CN102606411A (en) * 2012-04-20 2012-07-25 李新民 Vertical shaft multi-state dual-blade bidirectional rotation wind driven power generation device and power generation control method thereof
CN104847579A (en) * 2015-03-31 2015-08-19 上海大学 Adjustable-blade-attack-angle vertical-axis wind turbine with double-layer wind wheels

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FR2286292A1 (en) * 1974-09-30 1976-04-23 Mazille Philibert Wind powered electrical generator - has rotating blades on ends of rotor arms turning at half rotor speed
HRP20000203A2 (en) * 2000-04-11 2001-12-31 Tihomir Culjak Windmill with rotating sails
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102606411A (en) * 2012-04-20 2012-07-25 李新民 Vertical shaft multi-state dual-blade bidirectional rotation wind driven power generation device and power generation control method thereof
CN104847579A (en) * 2015-03-31 2015-08-19 上海大学 Adjustable-blade-attack-angle vertical-axis wind turbine with double-layer wind wheels
CN104847579B (en) * 2015-03-31 2018-08-07 上海大学 Adjustable vane angle of attack two-layer equation wind wheel vertical axis aerogenerator

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