WO2011126389A1 - Method and apparatus for the production of granulated carbamide - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for the production of granulated carbamide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011126389A1 WO2011126389A1 PCT/RU2010/000154 RU2010000154W WO2011126389A1 WO 2011126389 A1 WO2011126389 A1 WO 2011126389A1 RU 2010000154 W RU2010000154 W RU 2010000154W WO 2011126389 A1 WO2011126389 A1 WO 2011126389A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cooling
- melt
- refrigeration unit
- water
- solution
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
- B01J2/04—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops in a gaseous medium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C273/00—Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C273/02—Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds
- C07C273/14—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
Definitions
- the invention relates to methods and devices for producing granular urea.
- a plant for producing granular urea including a heat exchanger (recuperator) for pre-cooling a highly concentrated urea solution (melt) by heat exchange through a wall with a coolant, urea solution (melt) dispersant and zone granulation, where the dispersed solution (melt) is converted into granules in contact with an air stream (SU 1293172, ⁇ 07 ⁇ 126/08, 1985).
- a heat exchanger for pre-cooling a highly concentrated urea solution (melt) by heat exchange through a wall with a coolant, urea solution (melt) dispersant and zone granulation, where the dispersed solution (melt) is converted into granules in contact with an air stream (SU 1293172, ⁇ 07 ⁇ 126/08, 1985).
- the disadvantages of the known method and installation is the inability to directly efficiently utilize the heat removed in the heat exchanger due to its low temperature level.
- the problem solved by the invention is to improve the method and installation for producing granular urea.
- the technical result of the invention is the provision of efficient utilization of the heat of crystallization of urea released during the production of granular urea.
- a method for producing granular urea which includes preliminary cooling of the melt or urea solution by heat exchange through a wall with a coolant until crystals are partially formed in the melt or solution, spraying the melt or solution and solidify it in the granulation zone upon contact with an air stream, cooling granules formed, characterized in that the heat carrier after cooling the melt or solution is sent to the absorber a batch refrigeration unit for heating the working fluid with the subsequent return of the heat carrier to cool the melt or urea solution, and in the refrigeration unit the water is cooled, which is sent to cool the urea production media.
- the heat carrier used to cool the melt or solution for example, water can be used; the melt or the solution can be cooled by the heat carrier at the boiling point of the heat carrier, and the steam formed in this case is condensed in the boiler of the absorption refrigeration unit.
- the water cooled in the refrigeration unit can be used, for example, for cooling condensing vapors in various urea production units, or can be used to cool granules and / or cooling the air supplied to the cooling zone of the granules, with its subsequent return to the refrigeration unit.
- a plant for producing granular urea including a recuperator for pre-cooling the melt or urea solution by heat exchange through a wall with a coolant, a disperser of the melt or urea solution and a granulation zone with means for supplying air, characterized in that the installation includes absorption refrigeration installation, means for supplying the coolant from the recuperator to the boiler of the refrigeration unit, and means for returning the coolant For the recuperator, means for supplying chilled water to the refrigeration unit and for withdrawing chilled water from the refrigeration unit.
- the installation may further comprise a cooler of the formed granules with means for supplying air, a cooler of the supplied air with means for supplying and removing cooling water, respectively connected to means for draining water from the refrigeration unit and means for supplying water to the refrigeration unit.
- the installation may additionally contain heat exchangers for cooling the granulation zone and / or granules formed with means for supplying and removing cooling water, respectively connected to means for draining water from the refrigeration unit and means for supplying water to the refrigeration unit.
- Using the proposed method and installation allows for the efficient utilization of low-grade heat generated during the crystallization of urea by using this heat to produce cold, which is further used in various processes for the production of granular urea.
- This heat is spent on heating the coolant, which, after cooling the melt or solution, is sent to the boiler of the absorption refrigeration unit, where it heats the working fluid and returns to cool the melt or urea solution.
- the heating the working fluid of the absorption refrigeration unit allows it to produce cold, used to produce refrigerant - refrigerated water.
- refrigerant in heat exchangers designed to cool the granules in their cooling zone and / or in the granulation zone, or in a heat exchanger cooling the air supplied to the granule cooling zone, which improves the cooling conditions of the obtained granular product.
- the temperature of the finished product obtained by known methods in the unloading unit can reach 60 ° C. Unloading such a product will lead to caking in the warehouse or in the transporting container. To exclude this undesirable phenomenon, it would be possible to increase the air supply to the cooling zone of the granules, but this would lead to a significant increase in the hydraulic resistance of the granulation zone, increased dust entrainment from this zone and increased energy consumption.
- the proposed method and installation allow, therefore, to use the energy potential of crystallization of urea and to increase the cooling efficiency of the granules obtained by various known methods. As it turned out, in this case it becomes possible to significantly increase the productivity of the pelletizing plant, up to 160% of the nominal, without additional energy costs for cooling.
- FIG. 1-3 depicts plant diagrams, which are specific embodiments of the invention and implementing various embodiments of the method.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a plant in which granulation is carried out in a prilling tower;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus using a fluidized bed apparatus;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus using a rotary drum granulator for granulation.
- installation for producing granular urea includes a recuperator 1 for pre-cooling the urea melt, a prilling tower 2 with a dispersant 3, a pellet cooler 4, an absorption refrigeration unit 5, an air cooler 6, a pipe 7 for supplying heat carrier from the recuperator 1 to the boiler of an absorption refrigeration unit 5 and pipeline 8 for returning the coolant from the absorption refrigeration unit 5 to the recuperator 1, pipeline 9 for directing chilled water from the absorption refrigeration is set wakes 5 into the air cooler 6, pipe 10 for returning water from the air cooler 6 to the absorption refrigeration unit 5, duct 1 1 for supplying air from the air cooler 6 to the pellet cooler 4, pipe 12 for supplying urea melt to the recuperator 1, pipe 13 for urea melt supply from the recuperator 1 to the dispersant 3, a conveying device 14 for transporting the finished product from the pellet cooler 4 to the storage location, pipeline 15 for supplying recycled water to the absorption refrigeration unit 5, pipeline 16 for discharging circulating water from the absorption refrigeration unit 5
- the proposed installation works as follows.
- the urea melt flows through a pipe 12 to the recuperator 1, where it is cooled to the partial formation of crystals in the melt, due to heat transfer to the steam condensate.
- the heated condensate or the generated steam flows through the pipeline 7 to the absorption refrigeration unit 5, which also receives circulating water through the pipeline 15 and circulating water through the pipeline 10 for cooling it.
- the condensate heated in the recuperator or condensing the vapor formed in the recuperator
- partial evaporation of the working fluid occurs.
- the circulating water is cooled, and the refrigerated circulating water obtained in the refrigeration unit 5 is sent through the pipe 9 to the air cooler 6, where it is used to cool the atmospheric air, supplied to the prilling tower 2 through a pellet cooler 4.
- Steam condensate from the refrigeration unit 5 is returned via line 8 to the recuperator 1 to melt cooling.
- the waste circulating water is returned via line 10 to the absorption refrigeration unit 5.
- Heated return water is discharged via line 16 to the reverse return water collector (not shown in FIG. 1).
- the air taken from the atmosphere is first supplied through air duct 17 for cooling to the air cooler 6, then it goes through the air duct 11 to the pellet cooler 4 and then to the barrel of the prilling tower 2.
- the urea melt from the recuperator 1 is piped 13 to the dispersant 3 and sprayed into the upper part of the prilling tower 2 towards the upward flow of air. Heated and entrained with small particles of urea, the air is sent further through the duct 18 for cleaning. The granules formed upon solidification of the droplets are cooled in a pellet cooler 4. The finished product is sent by a conveying device 14 to the loading unit or the finished product warehouse.
- the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 differs from the installation shown in FIG. 1, only because the granulating apparatus 19 is used with a fluidized bed of granules equipped with dispersing nozzles 20, the installation further comprises a classifier 21, a conveying device 22 for feeding granules from the apparatus 19 to the classifier 21, a conveying device 23 for conveying the retura from the classifier 21 to apparatus 19, duct 24 for supplying hot air to apparatus 19, duct 25 for supplying heated air to apparatus 19, duct 26 for removing dusty air from the pellet cooler 4 for cleaning.
- a retur is fed into the apparatus 19 by the transporting device 23.
- a urea solution is sprayed onto the retur particles using nozzles 20 in a stream of hot air supplied through duct 24.
- Granules are formed whose shape is close to spherical. The granules pass through the fluidized bed and are discharged onto the conveying device 22.
- the fluidized bed in the apparatus 19 is created by the heated air entering through the duct 25.
- the granules formed in the apparatus 19 are conveyed by the conveyor device 22 to the classifier 21, in which the granules are screened, as a result of which the small granules are returned as transporting device 23 to the apparatus 19, and the granules of the required size are sent to the pellet cooler 4. Dusty air from the pellet cooler 4 is discharged through the duct 26 for cleaning .
- the apparatus shown in FIG. 3 differs from the installation shown in FIG. 1, only by using a rotary drum granulator 27 equipped with a dispersing nozzle 20 for granulation, the conveying device 22 is designed to supply granules from the drum granulator 27 to the pellet cooler 4, there is no air cooler 6 and duct 17, the pipeline 9 is designed to direct part of the cooled water from the absorption refrigeration unit 5 to the pellet cooler 4, the installation also further comprises a pipe 28 for supplying part of the chilled water from the absorption refrigeration unit 5 into the cooling jacket of the drum granulator 27 and the duct 29 for supplying dried air to the drum granulator 27, and the pipe 10 is designed to return water from the pellet cooler 4 and the cooling jacket of the drum granulator 27 to the absorption refrigeration unit 5.
- EXAMPLE 1 In accordance with FIG. 1 through the pipeline 12 urea melt in the amount of 66.67 t / h with a temperature of 136 ° C enters the recuperator 1, where it it is cooled to a temperature of 129 ° C, with the formation of crystals in an amount of ⁇ 30% of the mass of the melt, due to the transfer of heat to steam condensate entering in an amount of 2.6 t / h with a temperature of 95 ° C.
- the obtained steam with a temperature of 1 15 ° C enters through a pipe 7 to an absorption refrigeration unit 5, which also receives circulating water in a quantity of 280 m 3 / h with a temperature of 28 ° C through a pipe 15 and a circulating water with a temperature of 10 12 ° C in an amount of 190 m / h.
- the steam condensate from unit 5 is returned via pipeline 8 to the heat recovery unit 1 for melt cooling, and the refrigerated circulating water obtained in the refrigeration unit 5 with a temperature of 7 ° C is sent through pipeline 9 to the air cooler 6, where it is used to cool the atmospheric air supplied to the prilling tower 2 through a pellet cooler 4.
- the used circulating water is returned through line 10 to the absorption refrigeration unit 5. Heated circulating water is discharged through line 16 to reverse water return manifold (not shown in FIG. 1) with a temperature of 38 ° C. Air taken from the atmosphere in an amount of 370,550 kg / h is supplied through duct 17 to the air cooler 6, where the air is cooled from 35 to 15 ° C, then the cooled air is fed through duct 11 to the pellet cooler 4 and then to the barrel of prilling tower 2. The urea melt from the recuperator 1 is fed through a pipe 13 to the dispersant 3 and is sprayed in the upper part of the prilling tower 2 towards the upward flow of air.
- the air is sent further through the duct 18 for cleaning.
- the granules formed upon solidification of the droplets are cooled to 45 ° C in a granule cooler 4, which is a fluidized bed apparatus.
- the finished product (66.67 t / h) in the form of granules of a spherical shape with a size of 2-3 mm with a static strength of 0.9-1, 2 kgf / granule is sent by a transporting device 14 to the loading unit or the finished goods warehouse.
- EXAMPLE 2 The process is carried out on the installation, a diagram of which is shown in FIG. 1, basically, similarly to example 1. The difference is that the cooling of the urea melt in the recuperator 1 is carried out until crystals are formed in an amount of ⁇ 70% of the mass of the melt, due to the heat transfer to the steam condensate supplied in an amount of 5.4 t / h with a temperature of 95 ° C. Consumption the circulating water supplied to the absorption refrigeration unit 5 is 600 m 3 / h, and the flow rate of the circulating cooled water in the refrigeration unit 5 is 400 m 3 / h. Atmospheric air in the air cooler 6 is cooled from 50 to 15 ° C.
- EXAMPLE 3 The process is carried out on the installation, a diagram of which is shown in FIG. 1, basically, similarly to example 1. The difference is that the flow rate of steam condensate supplied to cool the urea melt in recuperator 1 is 80 t / h, and when the steam condensate is heated, it does not evaporate.
- the flow rate of recycled water supplied to the absorption refrigeration unit 5 is 176 m 3 / h, and the flow rate of the circulating cooled water in the refrigeration unit 5 is 120 m 3 / h.
- Atmospheric air in the air cooler 6 is cooled from 30 to 15 ° C.
- EXAMPLE 4 The process is carried out on the installation, a diagram of which is shown in FIG. 2, basically, similarly to example 1. The difference is that the recuperator 1 receives urea solution in the amount of 45.29 t / h with a temperature of 132 ° C and a concentration of 96 wt.% By pipeline 12.
- the flow rate of steam condensate supplied to the cooling of the urea solution in recuperator 1 is 1.6 t / h.
- the flow rate of recycled water supplied to the absorption refrigeration unit 5 is 175 m 3 / h, and the flow rate of the circulating cooled water in the refrigeration unit 5 is 120 m 3 / h.
- an apparatus 19 with a fluidized bed of granules is used, in the lower part of which dispersing nozzles 20 are placed, into which cooled solution from recuperator 1 is supplied via line 13, and hot air in the amount of 28150 kg / h with a temperature of 135 ° C is supplied through duct 24.
- a retur in the amount of 20.83 t / h in the form of particles with a diameter of less than 2 mm is also supplied to the apparatus 19 by the transporting device 23.
- the urea solution is sprayed onto the retur particles using nozzles 20 in a stream of hot air with the formation of granules whose shape is close to spherical.
- the granules pass through a fluidized bed and are discharged with a temperature of 85-90 ° C onto a conveying device 22.
- the fluidized bed in the apparatus 19 is created by air heated up to 47 ° C, which enters the air duct 25 in an amount of 154040 kg / h.
- the air which entrained small particles of urea with a temperature of 105-1 10 ° C, is discharged through the duct 18 to cleaning, and the obtained urea granules in the amount of 65.92 t / h are fed by the transporting device 22 to the classifier 21, where the granules of the required size from the substandard urea are screened, which is returned by the transporting device 23 to the apparatus 19.
- the granules of the required size in the amount of 45 , 09 t / h are sent to a pellet cooler 4, where they are cooled by atmospheric air cooled in a cooler 6 from 30 to 15 ° C. From the pellet cooler 4, air containing small urea particles with a temperature of 60 ° C is sent through the duct 26 for cleaning, and the finished product in the amount of 44.85 t / h, which is a granule of a shape close to spherical, 2-4 mm in size static strength of 3 kgf / granule is sent by a conveying device 14 to a loading station or a finished product warehouse.
- EXAMPLE 5 The process is carried out on the installation, a diagram of which is shown in FIG. 3, basically, similarly to example 1. The difference is that urea solution with a concentration of 95-96 wt.% In the amount of 27 t / h with a temperature of 132 ° C enters the recuperator 1 through the pipe 12.
- the flow rate of steam condensate supplied to cool the urea solution in recuperator 1 is 0.9 t / h.
- the flow rate of recycled water supplied to the absorption refrigeration unit 5 is 140 m 3 / h, and the flow rate of the circulating cooled water in the refrigeration unit 5 is 120 m 3 / h. Air cooler 6 and duct 17 are missing.
- a rotating drum granulator 27 equipped with a cooling jacket.
- the cooled solution from the recuperator 1 is sent through a pipe 13 to the dispersing nozzle 20 of the drum granulator 27.
- the drum granulator 27 is rotated, and the loaded granules create a curtain onto which carbamide solution is sprayed in the amount of 27 t / h using nozzle 20.
- Spherical granules formed in a drum granulator 27 with a diameter of 3 ⁇ 0.2 mm are unloaded from the apparatus and conveyed by a conveying device 22 to a pellet cooler 4, which is a plate-type heat exchanger, from which with a temperature of not more than 50 ° C in an amount of 27 t / h are sent by a conveyor 14 to the warehouse or shipment, and the substandard fraction - granules with a diameter of less than 2.8 mm - returns to the zone with the return screw inside the device dispersing a urea solution.
- a pellet cooler 4 which is a plate-type heat exchanger, from which with a temperature of not more than 50 ° C in an amount of 27 t / h are sent by a conveyor 14 to the warehouse or shipment, and the substandard fraction - granules with a diameter of less than 2.8 mm - returns to the zone with the return screw inside the device dispersing a urea solution.
- the pipeline 9 is designed to direct a portion of the refrigerated water obtained in the refrigeration unit 5 in an amount of 20-40 m 3 / h to the pellet cooler 4.
- the installation further comprises a pipeline 28 for supplying a portion of the refrigerated water in an amount of 80-100 m 3 / h from the absorption refrigeration unit 5 to the cooling jacket of the drum granulator 27, and the pipe 10 is designed to return waste water from the pellet cooler 4 and the cooling jacket of the drum granulator 27 to the absorption refrigeration unit 5.
- EXAMPLE 6 (prototype). The process is carried out in a plant, the circuit of which is shown in FIG. 1, without using a refrigeration unit 5.
- a urea melt in an amount of 66.67 t / h with a temperature of 136 ° C enters through a pipe 12 to a heat exchanger 1, where it is cooled to a temperature of 129 ° C, with the formation of crystals in an amount of -30% by weight melt, due to heat transfer to steam condensate, supplied in an amount of 2.6 t / h with a temperature of 95 ° C.
- steam is formed with a temperature of 1 15 ° C, which, due to low parameters, cannot be used in production.
- the urea melt from the heat exchanger 1 flows through a pipe 13 to the dispersant 3 and is sprayed in the upper part of the prilling tower 2 towards the upward air flow coming from the pellet cooler 4.
- the invention relates to methods and devices for producing granular urea and can be used in the production of mineral fertilizers.
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
UAA201209610A UA101934C2 (en) | 2010-04-05 | 2010-04-05 | Method and unit for the production of granulated carbamide |
PCT/RU2010/000154 WO2011126389A1 (en) | 2010-04-05 | 2010-04-05 | Method and apparatus for the production of granulated carbamide |
EG2012101716A EG26975A (en) | 2010-04-05 | 2012-10-07 | Method and apparatus for the production of granulated carbamide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/RU2010/000154 WO2011126389A1 (en) | 2010-04-05 | 2010-04-05 | Method and apparatus for the production of granulated carbamide |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2011126389A1 true WO2011126389A1 (en) | 2011-10-13 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/RU2010/000154 WO2011126389A1 (en) | 2010-04-05 | 2010-04-05 | Method and apparatus for the production of granulated carbamide |
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EG (1) | EG26975A (en) |
UA (1) | UA101934C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011126389A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2627749C2 (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2017-08-11 | Тюссенкрупп Индастриал Солюшнс Аг | Solid cooling method and system for its implementation |
CN111939835A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-17 | 陶娟 | Preparation method of organic compound fertilizer |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU1293172A1 (en) * | 1985-06-24 | 1987-02-28 | Предприятие П/Я Г-4302 | Method of producing granulated carbamide |
JPS62106068A (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-05-16 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | Recovery of waste heat and utilization thereof in urea synthesis |
RU1782303C (en) * | 1990-03-27 | 1992-12-15 | Борис Иосифович Псахис | Combined heater for utilization of secondary low potential heat in carbamide production |
-
2010
- 2010-04-05 UA UAA201209610A patent/UA101934C2/en unknown
- 2010-04-05 WO PCT/RU2010/000154 patent/WO2011126389A1/en active Application Filing
-
2012
- 2012-10-07 EG EG2012101716A patent/EG26975A/en active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU1293172A1 (en) * | 1985-06-24 | 1987-02-28 | Предприятие П/Я Г-4302 | Method of producing granulated carbamide |
JPS62106068A (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-05-16 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | Recovery of waste heat and utilization thereof in urea synthesis |
RU1782303C (en) * | 1990-03-27 | 1992-12-15 | Борис Иосифович Псахис | Combined heater for utilization of secondary low potential heat in carbamide production |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2627749C2 (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2017-08-11 | Тюссенкрупп Индастриал Солюшнс Аг | Solid cooling method and system for its implementation |
CN111939835A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-17 | 陶娟 | Preparation method of organic compound fertilizer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EG26975A (en) | 2015-02-24 |
UA101934C2 (en) | 2013-05-13 |
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