WO2011126371A2 - Dispositif et procédé de purification destinés à purifier un fluide - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de purification destinés à purifier un fluide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011126371A2
WO2011126371A2 PCT/NL2011/050236 NL2011050236W WO2011126371A2 WO 2011126371 A2 WO2011126371 A2 WO 2011126371A2 NL 2011050236 W NL2011050236 W NL 2011050236W WO 2011126371 A2 WO2011126371 A2 WO 2011126371A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
purification device
waves
wave
purifying
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NL2011/050236
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2011126371A3 (fr
Inventor
Mateo Jozef Jacques Mayer
Jaap Caro
Hendrik Jannis Cappon
Cees Jan Nico Buisman
Karel Keesman
Original Assignee
Stichting Wetsus Centre Of Excellence For Sustainable Water Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from NL2004530A external-priority patent/NL2004530C2/en
Application filed by Stichting Wetsus Centre Of Excellence For Sustainable Water Technology filed Critical Stichting Wetsus Centre Of Excellence For Sustainable Water Technology
Priority to EP11715071A priority Critical patent/EP2556030A2/fr
Publication of WO2011126371A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011126371A2/fr
Publication of WO2011126371A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011126371A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/34—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations
    • C02F1/36—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations ultrasonic vibrations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/008—Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/04—Disinfection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a purifying device for purifying a fluid, like drinking water.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an effective and efficient purification device for purifying a fluid, like drinking water.
  • the purification device comprising:
  • wave-generating means for generating acoustic and/or electromagnetic waves capable to produce wave interference and/or local enhancement of wave intensity
  • control means for controlling the wave
  • generating means capable to achieve a structure with the generated waves such that the structure behaves as a filter.
  • the device according to the invention is capable of purifying a fluid, including air and liquids, with purification involving separating and/or filtering of contaminations in the fluid, including separation of
  • contaminations include grass seed, graphite, micro-organisms, algae. Other substances and particles can also be considered as contaminations.
  • the purification according to the invention is based upon interference of acoustic waves or electromagnetic waves in regular structures and/or on local concentration of these waves in a periodic structure.
  • acoustic waves or electromagnetic waves in regular structures and/or on local concentration of these waves in a periodic structure.
  • induced interference in case of electromagnetic waves wave energy is concentrated, while in case of acoustic waves pressure nodes result.
  • control means control the wave generating means that generate the acoustic and/or
  • the control means generate a structure such that this structure behaves as a reactor or filter. Such reactor or filter purifies the fluid that is forced through this structure.
  • the waves accumulate contaminations in the fluid.
  • the accumulated contaminations are removed from the device more or less continuously through a separate exit and/or periodically by interrupting the flow of fluid for a short time period to enable the accumulated contaminations to leave the device separately from the purified fluid.
  • the control means control the frequency and/or the amplitude of the wave and/or waves that are generated.
  • the frequency and/or amplitude are selected as function of particle characteristics, for example. Preferably, the selection is made such that the use of energy is minimised.
  • the device according to the invention can be applied in a continuous and/or semi-continuous and/or batch process, periodically or continuously.
  • amplitude of the waves on the particle characteristics can be applied as alternative to, or in combination with, membranes or filters in the processes. Also it is possible to provide "traps", created by the pressure modes and/or energy concentrations operating as a sort of membrane-less membrane. A number of these traps can be provided in series, each trap directed towards a specific particle or
  • Micro-organisms can be provided in a trap to feed on the substrate.
  • the forming of the structure with the purification device according to the invention shows some similarities with optical tweezing, which is a known method of trapping small particles of the micro- to nano-scale, including micro-organisms, using highly focussed laser beams, or the locally enhanced electromagnetic field at a photonic crystal cavity.
  • optical tweezing light waves are concentrated generating an electromagnetic field attracting the small particles. Energy is required for the particle to enable movement from this position and a barrier against such movement results.
  • the use of electromagnetic waves and/or acoustic waves according to the invention enables filtering of particles that can even be larger as compared to the micro- to nano-scale.
  • the device according to the invention it is possible to control the formation of a three dimensional structure by the control means using the wave interference and/or local wave concentration.
  • Such structure provides channels for the fluid to be purified in stead of holes in a two dimensional structure.
  • Such three dimensional effect improves the effect of the filter on the fluid .
  • the purification device according to the invention is able to purify a fluid effectively and efficiently without requiring additional chemicals and/or the use of a significant amount of energy for the purification.
  • a further advantage is that the purification device can be used on a small scale with a production rate of a few liters per hour as well as on a large scale with a production rate of thousands of m 3 fluid per hour.
  • Another advantage of the purification device according to the present invention are the relatively low investment costs associated with such device. In case of the fluid being drinking water this enables the provision of low cost drinking water in a sustainable manner, for example.
  • the purification device is able to purify a fluid containing particles preferably in a range of up to 0.5 mm, and possibly even up to 1 mm, and preferably in a range of 0.01-0.5 mm.
  • This range includes grass seed, graphite, and larger algae.
  • micro-organisms can be
  • the purification can be performed both by using acoustic and/or electromagnetic waves.
  • Acoustic waves have the beneficial effect that forces acting on the particles are relatively small as compared to conventional membranes for example, although this effect requires modulated radio waves, for example.
  • the forces should be larger than the drag force acting on the particles by the flowing fluid.
  • a beneficial effect of electromagnetic waves is that these waves require less energy when propagating through the fluid, like water or another fluid, when operating in a transparency window.
  • the waves comprise ultrasound acoustic waves with one or more frequencies in the range of 1 MHz-10 MHz.
  • Using ultrasounds as relatively high frequency acoustic waves provides a structure that can be used as a filter for purifying a fluid.
  • providing such structure can be considered as a type of acoustical tweezing method for capturing particles in a fluid.
  • this filter structure is capable of trapping particles thereby purifying the fluid, like drinking water, that contains these
  • the frequency range of 1-10 MHz is effectively used to perform such acoustical tweezing. Especially this frequency range is capable of being performed effectively both in a small scale and in a large scale application of the purification device according to the present invention. For this range of applications the mentioned frequency range can be applied efficiently without requiring a significant amount of energy.
  • 1-10 MHz, preferably 2-10 MHz further brings about a disinfection of a fluid.
  • Micro-organisms such as artemia, are killed when applying acoustic waves having a frequency of 1-10 MHz, preferably 2-10 MHz.
  • artemia is considered a tough species which are hard to kill using, for example UV-C, chlorine or ozone.
  • the invention provides a device capable of killing artemia. Possibly, this can be attributed to the sound pressure.
  • algae such as Chaetoceros and Tetraselmis
  • algae contents such as proteins, fat and oils
  • the algae are damaged by the application of the ultrasound waves and the contents are released. At least a part of the content will float to the surface of the fluid, where it can be skimmed.
  • the method and apparatus according to the invention are
  • the invention further relates to a method for harvesting algae products.
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • the ultrasound acoustic waves comprise one or more frequencies in the range of 20-50 kHz.
  • the relatively low frequency range of 20-50 kHz can be used for disinfecting purposes in the purification device according to the present invention, although
  • the frequency range for the acoustical tweezing mentioned above is combined with the low frequency for disinfecting purposes.
  • Such combination of frequencies for trapping and treatment like disinfection provides an efficient purification device for purifying a fluid.
  • the energy efficiency of the acoustic wave generating means can be improved through the design of resonant structures.
  • the electromagnetic waves comprise one or more frequencies in the range of 1 GHz-30 GHz.
  • the device comprises one or more resonant
  • the energy efficiencies of especially the ultrasonic waves are improved. This minimises energy consumption while improving the purification operation.
  • the resonant structures may comprise photonic and/or sonic crystals.
  • Photonic crystals are made from dielectric material with a periodic modulation of the dielectric constant, or equivalent
  • photonic crystals with a periodic variation of the mass density and the bulk modulus.
  • Both the photonic and sonic crystals have a band gap restricting transmission through the crystal.
  • the defect acts as a resonator or cavity and has a local amplifying effect of the electromagnetic or acoustic/ultrasonic field
  • the flow tube or flow reactor works as a defect and thus induces locally the resonant behaviour.
  • acoustic and electromagnetic waves is combined to provide an efficient and effective purification device.
  • Such device may comprise any
  • the structure comprises more than one stage, wherein each stage behaves as a filter.
  • each stage is optimised for a specific contamination in the fluid and/or substance that that requires filtration or separation.
  • the stages are provided in series. The series configuration enables a continuous purification of the fluid.
  • the structure comprises micro-organisms feeding on substrate trapped or filtered by the structure.
  • the fluid is purified effectively.
  • the micro-organisms are monitored to ensure a correct operation with these micro-organisms.
  • the behaviour of the micro-organisms, like growth, is related to the type and quantity of contamination in the fluid .
  • the structure comprises one or more node lines in a direction substantial perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid.
  • control means comprise switching means for switching the wave-generating means between an on-state, in which waves are generated, and an off-state in which no waves are generated or waves with less intensity are
  • the present invention also relates to a method for purifying a fluid, the method comprising the steps of:
  • control means controlling the wave generating means such that the structure behaves as a filter
  • the method preferably comprises filtering the fluid from particles with a size of up to 0.5 mm, and preferably larger than 20 ym. These particle sizes include filtering the fluid from grass seed, graphite and larger algae.
  • purifying the fluid further comprises generating ultrasound acoustic waves for inactivating micro-organisms that are present in the fluid. This inactivation of micro-organisms in the fluid can be performed at the relatively low frequencies that are mentioned above.
  • the disinfecting of the fluid is preferably combined using generating of cavitations with acoustic waves in the fluid.
  • figure 1 illustrates a purification device according to the invention
  • figures 3A-D illustrate particle movements in the device of figure 2;
  • FIGS 4A and B illustrate wave patterns generated in the device of figure 2;
  • figure 5 illustrates simulation results with node lines substantially perpendicular to the flow direction
  • figure 6 illustrates a two-dimensional resonant structure of a sonic or photonic crystal.
  • a purification device 2 (figure 1) is provided with a pipe 4 that enables a fluid 6 to flow from inlet 8 to outlet 10.
  • a separate outlet (not shown) , for example shaped as a gap, is provided for flow 11 with the separation between flows 9, 11 being achieved using bends, for example, thereby achieving a type of cyclone.
  • ratchets are provided in device 2 to deflect the particles or contaminations.
  • separation can be achieved by periodically flushing device 2 to achieve a periodic flow 11 with the separated particles or
  • Purification device 2 enables a continuous operation of the purification process.
  • Pipe 4 is provided with wave-generating means 12.
  • Controller 14 activates generating means 12.
  • Controller 4 is provided with
  • controller 14 sends a control signal 20 to the wave
  • this fluid 6 is pumped through pipe 4.
  • relevant properties like the amount of particles in the fluid, are measured by sensor 16. This measurement enables adjustment of the settings of the wave generating means 12 by controller 14 to optimise the
  • a separating device 22 (figure 2) comprises a signal generator 24 (Velleman PCGU 1000), 12V DC power unit 25, an audio amplifier 26 (Raveland XCA 1200), a computer 27, and four low budget 50W piezo tweeters, 28, 30, 32, 34 (Conrad, brandless TE-300) of which the horns were removed.
  • the tweeters 28, 30, 32, 34 are placed on a table or plate 36 and are set up to create a resonance field in between them.
  • Polystyrene particles 38 (figure 3A) of various sizes, in the illustrated embodiment in the range of 0.5-3 mm, were randomly placed in the resonance area and the determined optimal resonance frequency was about 12.6 kHz for the illustrated embodiment. When applying the optimal resonance frequency the particles 38 were moved (figure 3B) towards the stable position and consistently separated in three band 40 (figure 3C en D) .
  • Rows 40 resemble the nodal bands of the resonance area. Particles 38 could even be made to spin or be placed upright when applying the frequency.
  • Simulation results show a line of nodes 48 extending in a direction substantial perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid. This enables a continuous treatment of particles captured by the device and/or method according to the present invention. Lines of nodes 48 are placed in series with each line aiming to filter a specific contamination, based on the corresponding dimensions of this contamination, for example.
  • a sonic or photonic crystal 50 (figure 6) comprises long massive bars 52 of an appropriate material. Crystal 50 is provided with defect or cavity 54. Locally in and around cavity 54 the applied field is amplified. In the illustrated embodiment the applied electromagnetic or acoustic field is indicated with arrows and oriented
  • the typical periodicity of the raster is about 1-2 cm. for electromagnetic and ultrasound waves.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé de purification destinés à purifier un fluide. Le dispositif de purification comprend : - un moyen permettant de générer des ondes destiné à générer des ondes acoustiques et/ou électromagnétiques capables de produire des interférences d'ondes et/ou une augmentation locale de l'intensité des ondes ; et - un moyen de commande destiné à commander le moyen permettant de générer des ondes permettant d'obtenir une structure à l'aide des ondes générées, de sorte que la structure se comporte comme un filtre.
PCT/NL2011/050236 2010-04-09 2011-04-08 Dispositif et procédé de purification destinés à purifier un fluide WO2011126371A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11715071A EP2556030A2 (fr) 2010-04-09 2011-04-08 Dispositif et procédé de purification destinés à purifier un fluide

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2004530 2010-04-09
NL2004530A NL2004530C2 (en) 2010-04-09 2010-04-09 Purification device and method for purifying a fluid.
NL2005440 2010-10-01
NL2005440 2010-10-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011126371A2 true WO2011126371A2 (fr) 2011-10-13
WO2011126371A3 WO2011126371A3 (fr) 2012-02-16

Family

ID=43982261

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PCT/NL2011/050236 WO2011126371A2 (fr) 2010-04-09 2011-04-08 Dispositif et procédé de purification destinés à purifier un fluide

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2556030A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011126371A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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EP4311809A1 (fr) * 2022-07-26 2024-01-31 Georg Fischer JRG AG Dispositif de séparation des légionelles

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011126371A3 (fr) 2012-02-16
EP2556030A2 (fr) 2013-02-13

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