WO2011124420A1 - Method and system for controlling a drive train of a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Method and system for controlling a drive train of a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011124420A1
WO2011124420A1 PCT/EP2011/052925 EP2011052925W WO2011124420A1 WO 2011124420 A1 WO2011124420 A1 WO 2011124420A1 EP 2011052925 W EP2011052925 W EP 2011052925W WO 2011124420 A1 WO2011124420 A1 WO 2011124420A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electric machine
rotation
combustion engine
internal combustion
clutch
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/052925
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sven Ahlgrimm
Markus Kretschmer
Markus Peter
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2011124420A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011124420A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B60W20/15—Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect
    • B60W20/19—Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect for achieving enhanced acceleration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units, or advanced driver assistance systems for ensuring comfort, stability and safety or drive control systems for propelling or retarding the vehicle
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/184—Preventing damage resulting from overload or excessive wear of the driveline
    • B60W30/1846—Preventing of breakage of drive line components, e.g. parts of the gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W50/02—Ensuring safety in case of control system failures, e.g. by diagnosing, circumventing or fixing failures
    • B60W50/0225—Failure correction strategy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/10—Temporary overload
    • B60L2260/12—Temporary overload of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/02—Clutches
    • B60W2510/0208—Clutch engagement state, e.g. engaged or disengaged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/02—Clutches
    • B60W2510/0208—Clutch engagement state, e.g. engaged or disengaged
    • B60W2510/0216—Clutch engagement rate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/02—Clutches
    • B60W2510/0208—Clutch engagement state, e.g. engaged or disengaged
    • B60W2510/0225—Clutch actuator position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2520/00—Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
    • B60W2520/10—Longitudinal speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/08—Electric propulsion units
    • B60W2710/083—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/09—Other types of propulsion units, e.g. fluid motors, or type not specified
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling a drive train of a motor vehicle and a control system for a drive train of a
  • Motor vehicles with hybrid drive usually have an internal combustion engine as the first drive unit and an electric machine as the second
  • the electric machine can both in the first direction of rotation - hereinafter referred to as positive direction of rotation - as well as in a second, opposite to the first direction of rotation and in the following as negative
  • Direction of rotation designated direction of rotation to be operated.
  • Combustion engine but applied by the electric machine with a torque counter to its direction of rotation, by which a reversal of the direction of rotation of the internal combustion engine is forced, which can be to a
  • the inventive method for controlling a drive train of a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine which in a first
  • Direction of rotation is operable, an electric machine which is operable in a motor or generator mode and in the first or in a second, opposite to the first direction of rotation, and a clutch which is disposed between the engine and the electric machine and on which the electric machine and the
  • Combustion engine are mechanically coupled, provides to detect a current position of the clutch and an operating range of the electric machine, which is characterized by the operating mode and the direction of rotation of the electric machine, depending on the current clutch position to free or lock.
  • the motor operation can be completely blocked. Since in some types of couplings, such as torque converters, a torque is transmitted but only from a certain limit speed, the motor operation for negative speeds when using such couplings can only be disabled from this limit speed. In order to avoid damage to the internal combustion engine, it is basically sufficient to prevent the transmission of a torque opposite to the direction of rotation of the internal combustion engine via the clutch.
  • the invention also provides a control system for a drive train of a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine, which is operable in a first direction of rotation, an electric machine, which in the motor or generator mode and in the first or in a second, to the first Direction of rotation opposite direction of rotation is operable, and a clutch, which is arranged between the internal combustion engine and the electric machine and via which the electric machine and the
  • Internal combustion engine can be mechanically coupled.
  • a sensor for detecting a current position of the clutch and a control unit for
  • FIG. 1 schematic diagram of a drive train of a motor vehicle
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the operating ranges of an electrical
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a powertrain 1 of a motor vehicle with parallel hybrid drive, which is otherwise not shown, which has a first drive unit in the form of an internal combustion engine 2 and a second drive unit in the form of an electric machine 3.
  • the electric machine 3 is placed on a drive shaft 4 of the internal combustion engine 2, which is connected to a transmission 5.
  • An outgoing from the transmission 5 output shaft 6 leads directly from the transmission output side to an input side of an axle differential 7, which is a rotational movement of the
  • Output shaft 6 converts into an axis 8 driving rotary motion.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 and the electric machine 3 are as a
  • Disconnect coupling acting clutch 9 which is arranged in the drive shaft 4, mechanically coupled or decoupled. Between the electric machine 3 and the transmission 5, a further clutch 10 is arranged, which can decouple the electric machine 3 from the remaining drive train. Due to the system, the combustion engine 2 is only in a first "positive"
  • a first operating range I which corresponds to the upper right quadrant in FIG. 2, the electric machine 3 is operated by a motor at a positive speed, which causes a correspondingly positive torque.
  • a second operating range II quadrant bottom right
  • the electric machine 3 is operated as a generator at positive speed.
  • a third operating range III quadrant bottom left
  • the electric machine is operated by a motor at a negative rotational speed
  • in the fourth operating range IV a quadrant at the top left by a negative rotational speed.
  • a control unit 11 is provided for controlling the electric machine 3, in particular also with regard to the operating range, that is to say with regard to the operating mode and the direction of rotation.
  • the control unit 11 is connected to a hybrid CAN bus 12, via which all control units, which have influence on a hybrid-specific driving operation of the motor vehicle, can exchange data.
  • a hybrid CAN bus 12 for example, a the
  • Combustion engine 2 associated engine control unit 13 connected.
  • a sensor 14 for detecting the position of the separating clutch 9 is connected to the hybrid CAN bus 12.
  • the sensor 14 is directly connected to the hybrid CAN bus.
  • the sensor 14 may for example be connected to a clutch control unit, not shown, and this in turn be connected to the CAN bus 12.
  • a clutch control unit not shown, and this in turn be connected to the CAN bus 12.
  • control unit which the electrical
  • Machine 3 controls, receives information about the current clutch position.
  • control unit 1 1 receives this information via the hybrid CAN bus 12 and controls depending on the current position of the clutch 9, the electric machine 3.
  • the control unit 1 1 receives this information via the hybrid CAN bus 12 and controls depending on the current position of the clutch 9, the electric machine 3.
  • Control unit 1 1 as a function of the current clutch position
  • Rotation directions are operated both as a generator and motor.
  • Provision IV A motor operation of the electric machine 3 in the negative direction of rotation (operating range III) is either completely blocked or released only up to a predetermined limit speed, to which no
  • Torque is transmitted to the engine 2. In this way, damage to the internal combustion engine 2 is reliably prevented by application of a torque counter to the direction of rotation of the internal combustion engine 2.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and system for controlling a drive train (1) of a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine (2), which is operable in a first direction of rotation, an electric motor (3), which is operable in a motor or generator operating mode and in the first direction of rotation or in a second direction of rotation opposite the first direction of rotation, and a coupling (9) which is arranged between the internal combustion engine (2) and the electric motor (3) and via which the electric motor (3) and the internal combustion engine (2) can be mechanically coupled. According to the invention, a current position of the coupling (9) is detected and an operating range of the electric motor (3), which is characterized by the operating mode and the direction of rotation of the electric motor (3), is enabled or blocked in dependence on the current coupling position.

Description

Beschreibung Titel  Description title
Verfahren und System zur Steuerung eines Antriebstranges eines Kraftfahrzeuges  Method and system for controlling a drive train of a motor vehicle
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Antriebstranges eines Kraftfahrzeuges und ein Steuerungssystem für einen Antriebstrang eines The invention relates to a method for controlling a drive train of a motor vehicle and a control system for a drive train of a
Kraftfahrzeuges. Motor vehicle.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Kraftfahrzeuge mit Hybridantrieb weisen meistens einen Verbrennungsmotor als erstes Antriebsaggregat und eine elektrische Maschine als zweites Motor vehicles with hybrid drive usually have an internal combustion engine as the first drive unit and an electric machine as the second
Antriebsaggregat auf. Bei so genannten parallelen Hybridantrieben ist dabei die elektrische Maschine auf der Welle des Verbrennungsmotors angeordnet und über eine Kupplung mit dem Verbrennungsmotor mechanisch koppelbar. Auf diese Weise kann ein Antriebsmoment wahlweise entweder von einem der beiden Antriebsaggregate alleine oder auch von beiden Antriebsaggregaten gemeinsam aufgebracht werden.  Drive unit on. In so-called parallel hybrid drives, the electric machine is arranged on the shaft of the internal combustion engine and mechanically coupled via a clutch to the internal combustion engine. In this way, a drive torque can be selectively applied either either by one of the two drive units alone or by both drive units together.
Im Gegensatz zum Verbrennungsmotor, welcher nur in einer ersten Drehrichtung betreibbar ist, kann die elektrische Maschine sowohl in der ersten Drehrichtung - im folgenden als positive Drehrichtung bezeichnet - als auch in einer zweiten, zur ersten Drehrichtung entgegen gesetzten und im Folgenden als negative In contrast to the internal combustion engine, which can only be operated in a first direction of rotation, the electric machine can both in the first direction of rotation - hereinafter referred to as positive direction of rotation - as well as in a second, opposite to the first direction of rotation and in the following as negative
Drehrichtung bezeichneten Drehrichtung betrieben werden. Wird der Direction of rotation designated direction of rotation to be operated. Will the
Verbrennungsmotor aber durch die elektrische Maschine mit einem Drehmoment entgegen seiner Drehrichtung beaufschlagt, durch welches eine Umkehr der Drehrichtung des Verbrennungsmotors erzwungen wird, kann das zu einer Combustion engine but applied by the electric machine with a torque counter to its direction of rotation, by which a reversal of the direction of rotation of the internal combustion engine is forced, which can be to a
Beschädigung des Verbrennungsmotors führen. Um das zu verhindern, ist der Betrieb der elektrischen Maschine in negativer Drehrichtung in der Regel gesperrt.  Damage to the internal combustion engine. In order to prevent this, the operation of the electric machine in the negative direction of rotation is usually blocked.
Für einige Anwendungsfälle, wie z.B. eine rein elektromotorische Rückwärtsfahrt des Kraftfahrzeuges, ist es jedoch wünschenswert, die elektrische Maschine auch in negativer Drehrichtung zu betreiben. Offenbarung der Erfindung For some applications, such as a purely electromotive reversing the motor vehicle, it is desirable to operate the electric machine in the negative direction of rotation. Disclosure of the invention
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Antriebstranges eines Kraftfahrzeuges mit einem Verbrennungsmotor, welcher in einer ersten The inventive method for controlling a drive train of a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine, which in a first
Drehrichtung betreibbar ist, einer elektrischen Maschine, welche in motorischer oder generatorischer Betriebsart und in der ersten oder in einer zweiten, zur ersten Drehrichtung entgegen gesetzten Drehrichtung betreibbar ist, und einer Kupplung, welche zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor und der elektrischen Maschine angeordnet ist und über welche die elektrische Maschine und der Direction of rotation is operable, an electric machine which is operable in a motor or generator mode and in the first or in a second, opposite to the first direction of rotation, and a clutch which is disposed between the engine and the electric machine and on which the electric machine and the
Verbrennungsmotor mechanisch koppelbar sind, sieht vor, eine aktuelle Position der Kupplung zu erfassen und einen Betriebsbereich der elektrische Maschine, welcher durch die Betriebsart und die Drehrichtung der elektrischen Maschine charakterisiert wird, in Abhängigkeit von der aktuellen Kupplungsposition frei zu geben oder zu sperren. Combustion engine are mechanically coupled, provides to detect a current position of the clutch and an operating range of the electric machine, which is characterized by the operating mode and the direction of rotation of the electric machine, depending on the current clutch position to free or lock.
Bei geschlossener Kupplung würde ein motorischer Betrieb der elektrischen When the clutch is closed, a motorized operation of the electric
Maschine in negativer Drehrichtung zu einer Einkopplung eines Drehmomentes führen, welches entgegengesetzt zur Drehrichtung des Verbrennungsmotors wäre und folglich zu einer Beschädigung des Verbrennungsmotors führen würde. Durch Auswerten der Kupplungsposition und Steuern der elektrischen Maschine in Machine in the negative direction of rotation lead to a coupling of a torque which would be opposite to the direction of rotation of the internal combustion engine and thus would lead to damage to the internal combustion engine. By evaluating the clutch position and controlling the electric machine in
Abhängigkeit von der Kupplungsposition kann ein derartiger Betrieb sicher vermieden werden. Depending on the coupling position, such operation can be safely avoided.
Das kann beispielsweise derart umgesetzt sein, dass bei geschlossener Kupplung ein motorischer Betrieb der elektrischen Maschine in der zweiten Drehrichtung gesperrt wird. Dabei kann der motorische Betrieb vollständig gesperrt werden. Da bei einigen Kupplungsarten, wie z.B. Drehmomentwandlern, ein Drehmoment aber erst ab einer bestimmten Grenzdrehzahl übertragen wird, kann der motorische Betrieb für negative Drehzahlen bei Verwendung derartiger Kupplungen auch erst ab dieser Grenzdrehzahl gesperrt werden. Zur Vermeidung einer Beschädigung des Verbrennungsmotors ist es nämlich grundsätzlich ausreichend, die Übertragung eines zur Drehrichtung des Verbrennungsmotors entgegen gesetzten Drehmoments über die Kupplung zu verhindern. Die Erfindung schafft außerdem ein Steuerungssystem für einen Antriebstrang eines Kraftfahrzeuges mit einem Verbrennungsmotor, welcher in einer ersten Drehrichtung betreibbar ist, einer elektrischen Maschine, welche in motorischer oder generatorischer Betriebsart und in der ersten oder in einer zweiten, zur ersten Drehrichtung entgegen gesetzten Drehrichtung betreibbar ist, und einer Kupplung, welche zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor und der elektrischen Maschine angeordnet ist und über welche die elektrische Maschine und der This can be implemented, for example, such that when the clutch is closed, a motorized operation of the electric machine is locked in the second direction of rotation. The motor operation can be completely blocked. Since in some types of couplings, such as torque converters, a torque is transmitted but only from a certain limit speed, the motor operation for negative speeds when using such couplings can only be disabled from this limit speed. In order to avoid damage to the internal combustion engine, it is basically sufficient to prevent the transmission of a torque opposite to the direction of rotation of the internal combustion engine via the clutch. The invention also provides a control system for a drive train of a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine, which is operable in a first direction of rotation, an electric machine, which in the motor or generator mode and in the first or in a second, to the first Direction of rotation opposite direction of rotation is operable, and a clutch, which is arranged between the internal combustion engine and the electric machine and via which the electric machine and the
Verbrennungsmotor mechanisch koppelbar sind. Außerdem sind eine Sensorik zur Erfassung einer aktuellen Position der Kupplung und eine Steuereinheit zur Internal combustion engine can be mechanically coupled. In addition, a sensor for detecting a current position of the clutch and a control unit for
Steuerung der elektrischen Maschine vorgesehen, wobei die Steuereinheit einen Betriebsbereich der elektrische Maschine, welcher durch die Betriebsart und die Drehrichtung der elektrischen Maschine charakterisiert wird, in Abhängigkeit von der aktuellen Kupplungsposition freigibt oder sperrt. Controlling the electric machine provided, wherein the control unit, an operating range of the electric machine, which is characterized by the operating mode and the direction of rotation of the electric machine, depending on the current clutch position releases or blocks.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile von Ausführungsformen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung mit Bezug auf die beigefügten Figuren. Further features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying figures.
Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnungen Es zeigen: Brief description of the drawings In the drawings:
Fig. 1 Prinzipdarstellung eines Antriebsstranges eines Kraftfahrzeuges mit Fig. 1 schematic diagram of a drive train of a motor vehicle with
parallelem Hybridantrieb und  parallel hybrid drive and
Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung der Betriebsbereiche einer elektrischen Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the operating ranges of an electrical
Maschine in einem Antriebstrang gemäß Figur 1.  Machine in a drive train according to FIG. 1.
Ausführungsformen der Erfindung Embodiments of the invention
In Figur 1 ist schematisch ein Antriebsstrang 1 eines ansonsten nicht weiter dargestellten Kraftfahrzeuges mit parallelem Hybridantrieb dargestellt, welcher ein erstes Antriebsaggregat in Form eines Verbrennungsmotors 2 und ein zweites Antriebsaggregat in Form einer elektrischen Maschine 3 aufweist. Die elektrische Maschine 3 ist dabei auf einer Antriebswelle 4 des Verbrennungsmotors 2 aufgesetzt, welche mit einem Getriebe 5 verbunden ist. Eine vom Getriebe 5 ausgehende Abtriebswelle 6 führt direkt von der Getriebeausgangsseite zu einer Eingangsseite eines Achsdifferentials 7, welches eine Drehbewegung der 1 shows schematically a powertrain 1 of a motor vehicle with parallel hybrid drive, which is otherwise not shown, which has a first drive unit in the form of an internal combustion engine 2 and a second drive unit in the form of an electric machine 3. The electric machine 3 is placed on a drive shaft 4 of the internal combustion engine 2, which is connected to a transmission 5. An outgoing from the transmission 5 output shaft 6 leads directly from the transmission output side to an input side of an axle differential 7, which is a rotational movement of the
Abtriebswelle 6 in eine eine Achse 8 antreibende Drehbewegung umwandelt. Der Verbrennungsmotor 2 und die elektrische Maschine 3 sind über eine als Output shaft 6 converts into an axis 8 driving rotary motion. The internal combustion engine 2 and the electric machine 3 are as a
Trennkupplung wirkende Kupplung 9, welche in der Antriebswelle 4 angeordnet ist, mechanisch koppelbar bzw. entkoppelbar. Zwischen der elektrischen Maschine 3 und dem Getriebe 5 ist eine weitere Kupplung 10 angeordnet, welche die elektrische Maschine 3 von dem restlichen Antriebsstrang entkoppeln kann. Systembedingt ist der Verbrennungsmotor 2 nur in einer ersten„positiven" Disconnect coupling acting clutch 9, which is arranged in the drive shaft 4, mechanically coupled or decoupled. Between the electric machine 3 and the transmission 5, a further clutch 10 is arranged, which can decouple the electric machine 3 from the remaining drive train. Due to the system, the combustion engine 2 is only in a first "positive"
Drehrichtung betreibbar, wohingegen die elektrische Maschine 3 sowohl in der ersten„positiven" als auch in einer zweiten„negativen", der ersten Drehrichtung entgegen gesetzten Drehrichtung betreibbar. Die elektrische Maschine 3 ist außerdem sowohl in motorischer als auch generatorischer Betriebsart betreibbar. Ausgehend von Betriebsart und Drehrichtung ergeben sich somit für die elektrische Maschine 3 insgesamt vier verschiedene Betriebsbereiche. Diese sind in Figur 2 schematisch in Form eines Vierquadranten-Kennfeldes dargestellt, wobei in x- Richtung die Drehzahl n und in y-Richtung das Drehmoment M der elektrischen Maschine 3 aufgetragen sind. Operable direction of rotation, whereas the electric machine 3 in both the first "positive" and in a second "negative", the first direction opposite direction of rotation operable. The electric machine 3 is also operable in both motor and generator mode. Based on the operating mode and the direction of rotation thus result for the electric machine 3 a total of four different operating ranges. These are shown schematically in Figure 2 in the form of a four-quadrant map, wherein in the x direction, the rotational speed n and in the y direction, the torque M of the electric machine 3 are plotted.
In einem ersten Betriebsbereich I, welcher in Figur 2 dem Quadranten rechts oben entspricht, wird die elektrische Maschine 3 bei positiver Drehzahl motorisch betrieben, was ein entsprechend positives Drehmoment bewirkt. In einem zweiten Betriebsbereich II (Quadrant rechts unten) wird die elektrische Maschine 3 bei positiver Drehzahl generatorisch betrieben. In einem dritten Betriebsbereich III (Quadrant links unten) wird die elektrische Maschine bei negativer Drehzahl motorisch und im vierten Betriebsbereich IV (Quadrant links oben) bei negativer Drehzahl generatorisch betrieben. Zur Steuerung der elektrischen Maschine 3, insbesondere auch hinsichtlich des Betriebsbereichs, das heißt hinsichtlich Betriebsart und Drehrichtung, ist eine Steuereinheit 11 vorgesehen. Die Steuereinheit 11 ist an einen Hybrid CAN-Bus 12 angeschlossen, über welchen alle Steuereinheiten, welche Einfluss auf einen hybridspezifischen Fahrbetrieb des Kraftfahrzeuges haben, Daten austauschen können. An diesem Hybrid CAN-Bus 12 ist beispielsweise auch eine dem In a first operating range I, which corresponds to the upper right quadrant in FIG. 2, the electric machine 3 is operated by a motor at a positive speed, which causes a correspondingly positive torque. In a second operating range II (quadrant bottom right), the electric machine 3 is operated as a generator at positive speed. In a third operating range III (quadrant bottom left), the electric machine is operated by a motor at a negative rotational speed and in the fourth operating range IV (a quadrant at the top left) by a negative rotational speed. For controlling the electric machine 3, in particular also with regard to the operating range, that is to say with regard to the operating mode and the direction of rotation, a control unit 11 is provided. The control unit 11 is connected to a hybrid CAN bus 12, via which all control units, which have influence on a hybrid-specific driving operation of the motor vehicle, can exchange data. At this hybrid CAN bus 12, for example, a the
Verbrennungsmotor 2 zugeordnetes Motorsteuergerät 13 angeschlossen. Combustion engine 2 associated engine control unit 13 connected.
Außerdem ist auch eine Sensorik 14 zur Erfassung der Position der Trennkupplung 9 mit dem Hybrid CAN-Bus 12 verbunden. In der dargestellten Ausführungsform ist die Sensorik 14 unmittelbar mit dem Hybrid CAN-Bus verbunden. Alternativ kann die Sensorik 14 beispielsweise auch mit einem nicht dargestellten Kupplungssteuergerät verbunden sein und dieses wiederum mit dem CAN-Bus 12 verbunden sein. Ebenso können, entgegen der dargestellten Ausführungsform, auch mehrere Steuereinheiten oder -gerate in ein In addition, a sensor 14 for detecting the position of the separating clutch 9 is connected to the hybrid CAN bus 12. In the illustrated embodiment, the sensor 14 is directly connected to the hybrid CAN bus. Alternatively, the sensor 14 may for example be connected to a clutch control unit, not shown, and this in turn be connected to the CAN bus 12. Likewise, contrary to the illustrated Embodiment, also several control units or devices in a
übergeordnetes Steuergerät integriert sein. Entscheidend für die Anwendbarkeit der Erfindung ist lediglich, dass diejenige Steuereinheit, welche die elektrische be integrated higher-level control unit. Decisive for the applicability of the invention is merely that that control unit, which the electrical
Maschine 3 steuert, eine Information über die aktuelle Kupplungsposition erhält. Machine 3 controls, receives information about the current clutch position.
Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel erhält die Steuereinheit 1 1 diese Information über den Hybrid CAN-Bus 12 und steuert in Abhängigkeit von der aktuellen Position der Trennkupplung 9 die elektrische Maschine 3. Insbesondere gibt die In the illustrated embodiment, the control unit 1 1 receives this information via the hybrid CAN bus 12 and controls depending on the current position of the clutch 9, the electric machine 3. In particular, the
Steuereinheit 1 1 in Abhängigkeit von der aktuellen Kupplungsposition Control unit 1 1 as a function of the current clutch position
Betriebsbereiche der elektrischen Maschine 3, welche jeweils durch die Betriebsart und die Drehrichtung der elektrischen Maschine 3 charakterisiert werden, frei oder sperrt diese. Operating areas of the electric machine 3, which are each characterized by the mode and the direction of rotation of the electric machine 3, free or locks them.
Bei Betrieb mit geöffneter Trennkupplung 9 werden alle Betriebsbereiche I bis IV freigegeben, das heißt die elektrische Maschine darf in beiden möglichen When operating with the disconnect clutch 9 open, all operating ranges I to IV are released, that is, the electric machine may be in both possible
Drehrichtungen sowohl generatorisch als auch motorisch betrieben werden. Rotation directions are operated both as a generator and motor.
Bei geschlossener Trennkupplung 9 ist der Betrieb mit positiven Drehzahlen ebenfalls unbedenklich, so dass die Betriebsbereiche I und II auch in diesem Fall freigegeben sind. Im negativen Drehzahlbereich wird dagegen nur ein generatorischer Betrieb When the disconnect clutch 9 is closed, operation with positive rotational speeds is likewise unobjectionable, so that the operating ranges I and II are also released in this case. In the negative speed range, however, only a regenerative operation
(Betriebsbereich IV) zugelassen. Ein motorischer Betrieb der elektrischen Maschine 3 in negativer Drehrichtung (Betriebsbereich III) wird entweder vollständig gesperrt oder nur bis zu einer vorgegebenen Grenzdrehzahl freigegeben, bis zu welcher noch kein  (Division IV). A motor operation of the electric machine 3 in the negative direction of rotation (operating range III) is either completely blocked or released only up to a predetermined limit speed, to which no
Drehmoment auf den Verbrennungsmotor 2 übertragen wird. Auf diese Weise wird eine Beschädigung des Verbrennungsmotors 2 durch Beaufschlagung mit einem Drehmoment entgegen der Drehrichtung des Verbrennungsmotors 2 sicher verhindert. Torque is transmitted to the engine 2. In this way, damage to the internal combustion engine 2 is reliably prevented by application of a torque counter to the direction of rotation of the internal combustion engine 2.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Antriebstranges (1) eines Kraftfahrzeuges mit 1. A method for controlling a drive train (1) of a motor vehicle with
- einem Verbrennungsmotor (2), welcher in einer ersten Drehrichtung betreibbar ist,  an internal combustion engine (2) which is operable in a first direction of rotation,
- einer elektrischen Maschine (3), welche in motorischer oder  - an electric machine (3), which in motor or
generatorischer Betriebsart und in der ersten oder in einer zweiten, zur ersten Drehrichtung entgegen gesetzten Drehrichtung betreibbar ist, und  generator mode and in the first or in a second, opposite to the first direction of rotation can be operated, and
- einer Kupplung (9), welche zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor (2) und der elektrischen Maschine (3) angeordnet ist und über welche die elektrische Maschine (3) und der Verbrennungsmotor (2) mechanisch koppelbar sind,  - A clutch (9) which is arranged between the internal combustion engine (2) and the electric machine (3) and via which the electric machine (3) and the internal combustion engine (2) are mechanically coupled,
bei dem  in which
- eine aktuelle Position der Kupplung (9) erfasst wird und  - A current position of the clutch (9) is detected and
- ein Betriebsbereich der elektrischen Maschine (3), welcher durch die Betriebsart und die Drehrichtung der elektrischen Maschine (3) charakterisiert wird, in Abhängigkeit von der aktuellen  - An operating range of the electric machine (3), which is characterized by the operating mode and the direction of rotation of the electric machine (3), depending on the current
Kupplungsposition freigegeben oder gesperrt wird.  Clutch position is enabled or disabled.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , wobei bei geschlossener Kupplung (9) ein motorischer Betrieb der elektrischen Maschine (3) in der zweiten 2. The method of claim 1, wherein when the clutch is closed (9), a motorized operation of the electric machine (3) in the second
Drehrichtung gesperrt wird.  Rotation is locked.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, wobei ein motorischer Betrieb der 3. The method of claim 2, wherein a motorized operation of
elektrischen Maschine (3) in der zweiten Drehrichtung vollständig gesperrt wird.  electric machine (3) is completely locked in the second direction of rotation.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, wobei ein motorischer Betrieb der 4. The method of claim 2, wherein a motorized operation of
elektrischen Maschine (3) in der zweiten Drehrichtung ab einer  electric machine (3) in the second direction of rotation from one
vorgegebenen Grenzdrehzahl gesperrt wird.  predetermined limit speed is locked.
5. Steuerungssystem für einen Antriebstrang (1 ) eines Kraftfahrzeuges mit - einem Verbrennungsmotor (2), welcher in einer ersten Drehrichtung betreibbar ist, 5. Control system for a drive train (1) of a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine (2) which is operable in a first direction of rotation,
- einer elektrischen Maschine (3), welche in motorischer oder  - an electric machine (3), which in motor or
generatorischer Betriebsart und in der ersten oder in einer zweiten, zur ersten Drehrichtung entgegen gesetzten Drehrichtung betreibbar ist, und  generator mode and in the first or in a second, opposite to the first direction of rotation can be operated, and
- einer Kupplung (9), welche zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor (2) und  - A clutch (9), which between the engine (2) and
der elektrischen Maschine (3) angeordnet ist und über welche die elektrische Maschine (3) und der Verbrennungsmotor (2) mechanisch koppelbar sind,  the electric machine (3) is arranged and via which the electric machine (3) and the internal combustion engine (2) are mechanically coupled,
- einer Sensorik (14) zur Erfassung einer aktuellen Position der  - A sensor (14) for detecting a current position of the
Kupplung (9) und  Clutch (9) and
einer Steuereinheit (11) zur Steuerung der elektrischen Maschine (3), welche einen Betriebsbereich der elektrischen Maschine (3), welcher durch die Betriebsart und die Drehrichtung der elektrischen Maschine (3)  a control unit (11) for controlling the electric machine (3), which has an operating range of the electric machine (3) which is determined by the operating mode and the direction of rotation of the electric machine (3)
charakterisiert wird, in Abhängigkeit von der aktuellen Kupplungsposition freigibt oder sperrt  is enabled, depending on the current clutch position releases or locks
PCT/EP2011/052925 2010-04-08 2011-02-28 Method and system for controlling a drive train of a motor vehicle WO2011124420A1 (en)

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JP6372616B2 (en) * 2015-06-04 2018-08-15 日産自動車株式会社 Hybrid vehicle start control device
CN110143197B (en) * 2019-06-06 2020-03-31 北京理工大学 Trusted network control power coupling system and control method of hybrid electric vehicle

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