WO2011124025A1 - 信道状态信息反馈方法和系统 - Google Patents
信道状态信息反馈方法和系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011124025A1 WO2011124025A1 PCT/CN2010/071597 CN2010071597W WO2011124025A1 WO 2011124025 A1 WO2011124025 A1 WO 2011124025A1 CN 2010071597 W CN2010071597 W CN 2010071597W WO 2011124025 A1 WO2011124025 A1 WO 2011124025A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
- H04B7/0621—Feedback content
- H04B7/0626—Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0417—Feedback systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
- H04B7/0621—Feedback content
- H04B7/0623—Auxiliary parameters, e.g. power control [PCB] or not acknowledged commands [NACK], used as feedback information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
- H04B7/0636—Feedback format
- H04B7/0639—Using selective indices, e.g. of a codebook, e.g. pre-distortion matrix index [PMI] or for beam selection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03891—Spatial equalizers
- H04L25/03898—Spatial equalizers codebook-based design
Definitions
- the present invention relates to improvement of channel feedback in MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) technology, and in particular to an improvement of a codebook generation method for channel feedback in MIMO technology and a related PMI (Precoding Matrix Indicator) feedback signaling mechanism.
- MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
- PMI Precoding Matrix Indicator
- MIMO is a well-known and important technology in today's wireless systems. It creates multiple spatial channels by providing multiple transmitting and receiving antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end, thereby improving the capacity of the uplink and downlink channels and further improving the transmission of wireless signals. .
- channel state information needs to be obtained at the transmitting end in order to achieve spatial multiplexing.
- FDD Frequency Division Multiplexing
- the acquisition of such channel state information by the base station (eNB) must depend on feedback from the user terminal (UE) side. It has been recognized that the accuracy of the quantization and feedback of channels from the user terminal side should be improved to enhance the downlink MIMO technology of LTE-A.
- the basic idea of the hierarchical feedback method is that if the channel is changed slowly enough, the mobile channel direction indication (CDI) feedback can be accumulated over multiple feedback time intervals in order to index a larger codebook with the accumulated bits.
- CDI mobile channel direction indication
- a larger codebook means more accurate description of the MIMO channel state, which is certainly more helpful for more optimized precoding at the base station side to improve system performance such as resource utilization, data throughput, etc. .
- the binary process generated by the layered codebook can be represented by a hierarchical binary tree, and the codeword of the iH codebook on the i-th layer has elements.
- the generated process arranges the codewords into the structure of the hierarchical codeword tree. It can be understood that, for the hierarchical feedback described above, by accumulating feedback bits over a plurality of time intervals, the codeword indexed by the feedback on a given time interval is usually the associated node of the codeword indexed by the feedback on the previous time interval. .
- the maximum number of bits B of the layered codebook tree is the largest, and the codewords in the codebook can be generated in the hierarchical tree structure as shown in FIG. 1 by the following steps:
- the total number of codewords in this layer is 2 L , including M orthogonal unit modulo vectors derived from the DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) codebook, where M is the number of transmit antennas ;
- DFT Discrete Fourier Transform
- the optimal codebook is calculated using, for example, the LBG algorithm, each subset has 2 vectors, and each subset is further divided into two subsets.
- Figure 1 shows a hierarchical tree (binary tree) structure representing the codeword arrangement of a layered codebook.
- Each dashed line in the figure represents a layer, and the point where the solid line intersects the dashed line represents the code word on the layer.
- the first layer There are two codewords, there are four codewords on the second layer, the third layer has eight yards words, having 2 L L codewords on the first layer, and so on. From the binary tree in the figure, you can visually see the hierarchical division of the layered codebook space.
- an improved channel state information feedback scheme including an improved hierarchical codebook generation method, such that the generated codebook not only inherits good existing codebook attributes, but also has a layered code.
- the benefit of this is to improve channel feedback accuracy; accordingly, an improved feedback signaling mechanism is also included to provide subsequent application of the codebook to obtain a layered feedback scheme supported by LTE R10. Summary of the invention
- a first aspect of the present invention provides a method of channel state information feedback using a layered codebook.
- the method of understanding includes the steps:
- the step of generating the layered codebook in the above method further comprises the following steps:
- each layer codeword in the layered codebook i) dividing each layer codeword in the layered codebook to be generated into a plurality of segments according to the basic codebook; ii) generating each layer of codewords of the first segment, wherein each layer of codewords is selected from the basic codebook; as well as
- each layer codeword is selected from a matrix of training samples provided in advance.
- the step of feeding back channel state information from the receiving end to the forcing transmitting end based on the layered codebook in the above method further comprises the following steps:
- the first and second bits of the feedback bits are used to represent the signaling of the tree search for the layered codebook.
- a second aspect of the present invention provides a system for channel state information feedback using a layered codebook.
- the system includes: Means for generating a layered codebook;
- the apparatus for generating a layered codebook in the above system further comprises: i) means for dividing each layer codeword in the layered codebook to be generated into a plurality of segments according to the basic codebook;
- Ii means for generating each layer of codewords of the first segment, wherein each layer of codewords is selected from the group consisting of: a basic codebook;
- Iii) means for generating layers of code words for other segments, wherein each layer of codewords is selected from a matrix of training samples provided in advance.
- the apparatus for feeding back channel state information from the receiving end to the transmitting end based on the layered codebook further includes:
- the means for using the 1st and 2nd bits of the feedback bit for signaling indicating a tree search of the layered codebook is not limited.
- a third aspect of the invention provides a computer program product.
- the computer program product comprises a computer usable medium storing computer program instructions, wherein the computer program instructions, when run on a computing device, cause the computing device to implement the method described above.
- a fourth aspect of the invention provides a communication system.
- the communication system includes the above-described system for channel state information feedback using a layered codebook.
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing a method of generating a hierarchical layered codebook according to the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing a method of channel state information feedback according to the present invention
- Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a MIMO communication system in which the channel state information feedback method of the present invention can be implemented. detailed description
- the channel state information feedback method proposed by the present invention is improved from two aspects of codebook generation and signaling feedback.
- constraints are generated for separate segment pre-defined codebooks, respectively.
- the first segment of the codeword in the layered codeword tree is generated to satisfy certain generation constraints, such as good codebook attributes: constant modulus, ⁇ matrix property, nested structure, and finite symbols;
- the other segments of the codeword in the layer codeword tree are generated to give other generation constraints, such as an optimal performance gain.
- PMI feedback methods used at multiple feedback time intervals should be carefully designed to take advantage of the different codebook attributes in each stage.
- the layered codebook is generated in sections by the following steps.
- the generation constraints for the two segments are predefined.
- the goal of the first paragraph is good codebook attributes and backward compatibility
- the goal of the second paragraph is the optimization of performance gain. It should be understood that, depending on the specific performance requirements, the codebook to be generated may be divided into more segments, and different codebook generation constraints are predefined for different segments.
- the codebook generation is divided into two segments, with layers 1-4 being the first segment and layers 5-12 being the second segment.
- Table 1 4Tx and rank 1 LTE R8 codebook a) At the i 1 layer, select a codeword pair ⁇ v 2 ⁇ as the first layer from the codebook ⁇ u k ⁇ in Table 1 based on some performance metric Two codewords in .
- the performance metrics are, for example, capacity maximization, minimum mean square error (MMSE), minimum distance, maximum signal to noise ratio, maximum signal to interference and noise ratio, maximum signal to interference ratio, and the like.
- MMSE minimum mean square error
- the LBG algorithm refers to an algorithm that approximates an optimal codebook by training a vector set and a certain iterative algorithm. It should be noted that if the LBG algorithm is used, a certain number of channel matrix training samples should be given in advance.
- step b) Calculate the partitioning area of the training sample relative to each codeword selected in step a) and obtain 2 subsets of the training samples.
- the codewords are all selected from the LTER8 codebook, Ten on the above mentioned M. Trivellato, F. Boccardi and H. Huang, "On transceiver design and channel quantization for downlink multiuser MIMO systems with limited feedback" (IEEE Journal on selected Areas in communications, Vol.26, no. 8, the layered codebook in October), the resulting codebook may not be optimal, because the codeword is not arbitrarily chosen according to the performance objectives to be pursued, and the scope of its choice is limited.
- a basic codebook ie the codebook of LTE R8.
- the result of this is that the resulting codebook is compatible with the LTE R8 codebook, and thus has good codebook attributes such as constant modulus, ⁇ matrix characteristics, nested structure, and finite symbols.
- codebook generation constraints such as good codebook properties such as constant modulo, ⁇ matrix properties, finite symbols, etc.
- the optimal codeword is selected in a larger codebook space.
- the other layers of the codebook are generated based, at least in part, on the hierarchical codebook generation method of the prior art described above, so that the obtained codebook has the advantage of enhanced feedback accuracy of the layered codebook.
- the segmented layered codebook generation method according to the present invention achieves the best compromise between the advantages of the layered codebook and the compatibility with the LTE R8 codebook. At this stage, such a generation scheme is undoubtedly more Practical and more preferred.
- codebook generation with a tree structure can be used for time-dependent MIMO channels to substantially reduce feedback overhead. That is, using a hierarchical tree structure to generate a codebook, a system for a terminal with low speed movement can improve system swallowing with a given number of feedback bits. The amount of spit.
- the transmitting end obtains channel state feedback by using a limited (limited bandwidth) feedback bit of a set of precoding vectors included in the index pre-defined codebook from the receiving end.
- the present invention also provides flexible feedback signaling generation to make full use of redundant signaling bits for PMI data transmission.
- This modification not only improves the performance of hierarchical feedback due to improved allocation of signaling bits and the format of signaling, but also makes full use of the different codebooks in the segmented hierarchical codebook structure introduced in the first part. Attributes.
- the base station and the user terminal share the quantized reconstructed vector - 1), represented by a binary word of variable length.
- time interval n the user terminal uses a linear or tree
- the best codeword searched to select the B most bits is used for the current channel matrix.
- the first bit of the binary representation of the ") is compared.
- There are three cases of comparison results, which correspond to the match between the two sequences (down case), partial match (upward case 1), and mismatch (upward case 2).
- the format of the feedback bits is defined as follows: Let ⁇ ") be the B-bit binary word that the user terminal feeds back at time interval n.
- the first or second bit or f ») is used for signaling and is defined in Table 2.
- Signaling format As shown in the table, signaling is indicated only when "" ⁇ l, otherwise it is the data of the index codeword.
- the second bit is used to represent two cases, and the other is to update the previous feedback by ⁇ -2 bits, that is, Feedback back to the location of the associated codeword
- the first and second bits of the feedback bit are used to search for the signalling representation of the best codeword on the binary tree of the layered codebook.
- the two signaling bits can be utilized to represent the matching relationship between the bit sequences fed back and forth. For example, taking a six-layer binary tree and feeding back 3 bits per time interval as an example. Starting from the current fourth layer codeword 0001, all codewords of the previous layer or layers and the following codeword of the next codeword 0001 are candidate codewords for the next time interval.
- ⁇ 0000 is the best codeword, it is represented by feedback 100, where the first bit represents Perform an upward search on the binary tree, the second bit indicates that the feedback bit is used to update the codeword of the previous time interval, and the third bit is used to update the last bit of the previous time interval codeword, indicating that the 0001 same layer code Word; if 0010 is the best codeword, it is represented by feedback 1 10, where the first bit indicates an upward search on the binary tree, and the second bit indicates that the feedback bit is used to replace the code of the previous time interval.
- the third bit is used to replace the previous time code word; if 0001 10 is the best code word, it is represented by feedback 010, where the first bit represents a downward search on the binary tree, the second sum The third bit 10 represents the selected codeword in the candidate codeword in the next layer.
- step S301 the generation process begins.
- step S302 the codebook generation is divided into a plurality of segments, and a constraint is generated for each segment of the predefined codebook.
- the generation constraint that needs to be satisfied is a well-inherited codebook attribute and backward compatibility with the base codebook.
- the generation constraint that needs to be met is that there is an optimized performance gain.
- the basic codebook is an LTE R8 codebook.
- a codebook codeword of the first segment is generated.
- the first segment needs to generate a codebook codeword of the fourth layer.
- the optimal codeword of each layer is selected from the basic codebook LTE R8 4TX codebook ⁇ u k ⁇ to ensure backward compatibility with the LTE R8 codebook.
- step S304 a codebook codeword of the second segment is generated. As described above, the remaining layers 5-12 are generated, wherein the optimal codeword for each layer is selected based on a matrix of all training samples specified in advance.
- codewords for each layer may be selected from the base codebook or training samples based on a particular performance metric.
- specific performance metrics include, but are not limited to, capacity maximization, minimum mean square error, minimum distance, maximum signal to noise ratio, maximum signal to interference and noise ratio, maximum signal to interference ratio, and the like.
- the codeword for each layer may be selected from the basic codebook or the training samples using the LBG algorithm.
- step S305 the codebook generation is completed.
- step S401 the channel state information feedback process begins.
- step S402 an LTE R8 layered codebook compatible with LTE R8 is generated according to the segmented hierarchical codebook generation method shown in FIG. As described above, the layered codebook inherits good codebook attributes and provides optimized system performance gains.
- step S403 the generated LTE R10 layered codebooks are respectively configured to a transmitting end such as a base station and a receiving end such as a user terminal.
- the limited upstream bandwidth only allows a small number of feedback bits to be returned per time interval.
- the feedback bits are used to index a set of vectors (i.e., codewords) in the codebook (known to the transmitter and all receivers).
- codewords i.e., codewords
- B bits can be used to index a codebook with 2B vectors.
- each codeword in the codebook is an M-dimensional vector that can be characterized by a MIMO channel.
- a good codebook will contain a combination of codewords for the channels that effectively cover the experience.
- the beamforming functions are derived from these vectors, for example, as some linear combination of these vectors. Codebook generation is generated offline for a wide variety of channel environments.
- the base station and the user terminal can index the same codebook with limited feedback bits and share channel state information.
- the generated codebook can be configured to the base station and the user terminal using various codebook sharing methods known in the art to implement initial configuration of the layered codebook.
- step S404 based on the configured codebook, the feedback bit of the specific codeword in the index codebook is transmitted from the receiving end, such as the user terminal, to the transmitting end, such as the base station, by using the feedback signaling mechanism described above.
- the limited upstream bandwidth only allows a small number of feedback bits to be returned per time interval.
- the feedback bits are used to index a set of vectors (i.e., codewords) in the codebook (known to the transmitter and all receivers).
- B bits can be used to index a codebook with 2B vectors.
- each codeword in the codebook is an M-dimensional vector that can characterize the MIMO channel of the user terminal.
- a well-generated codebook will contain a combination of codewords that effectively cover the channel experienced by the user terminal.
- the beamforming functions are derived from these vectors, for example, as some linear combination of these vectors.
- step S405 the channel state information feedback process ends.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a MIMO communication system 500 in which the channel state feedback method of the present invention can be implemented.
- the communication system 500 includes a plurality of base stations 501 and a plurality of user terminals 502. For the sake of convenience, only one base station and one user terminal are shown. In the context of the present invention, both base station 501 and user terminal 502 can be used to generate a layered codebook and transmit the generated codebook to the other party to the communication. After the transmitting and receiving parties simultaneously hold the same code, the user terminal 502 transmits the PMI data to the base station 501 using the feedback on the uplink, that is, the index of the specific codeword in the codebook. After receiving the relevant channel state information feedback, the base station 501 performs channel reconstruction based on the feedback.
- the layered codebook is improved in accordance with this novel and efficient method of the present invention.
- the segmented codebook generation has different codebook generation constraints for each segment, and the resulting layered codebook can achieve a good compromise between good codebook properties and performance.
- This codebook attribute is often important to reduce the PMI/CDI computational complexity of the user terminal and base station, robust interference measurements, efficient utilization of power amplifiers, and rank adaptation.
- the LTE R8 codebook is a mandatory feature of LTE R10, and the segmented layered codebook of the present invention provides good backward compatibility, so that hierarchical feedback obtained on the basis of the LTE can be more easily and practically obtained. R10 support.
- the first segment of the layered codebook has good codebook attributes, such as constant modulo, finite symbols, ⁇ matrix properties, nested structures, and the like.
- the generation of the first segment ensures backward compatibility with the LTE R8 codebook. This is because the LTE R8 codebook is the basis for R10 codebook generation, and the method of the present invention provides flexible but effective backward compatibility for layered codebooks.
- the improved signaling mechanism can improve the ⁇ feedback method in certain situations, such as the height correlation between time slots.
- 3GPP LTE-A One of the most important features in 3GPP LTE-A is to improve the feedback accuracy of DL MU-MIMO (Downlink Multi-User Terminal Multiple Input Multiple Output).
- the layered feedback method is for this main Preferred candidate for the problem. Considering the efficiency of the method of the invention, it will be very suitable for future LTE-A wireless systems.
- the downlink scenario of the base station to the user terminal has been described as an example in the description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. But the road scene should be understood. That is, the present invention can be applied to any scenario in which the channel state information is fed back from the receiving end to the transmitting end, wherein the transmitting end can be a base station, a relay station, and a user terminal; and the receiving end can be a base station, a relay station, and a user terminal.
- channel state information feedback scheme of the present invention including an improved segmented layered codebook generation method and associated PMI feedback method.
Description
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CN201080062508.4A CN102742204B (zh) | 2010-04-07 | 2010-04-07 | 信道状态信息反馈方法和系统 |
KR1020127029128A KR101481391B1 (ko) | 2010-04-07 | 2010-04-07 | 채널 상태 정보 피드백 방법 및 그의 시스템 |
JP2013502982A JP5551823B2 (ja) | 2010-04-07 | 2010-04-07 | チャネル状態情報フィードバック |
US13/639,227 US8792571B2 (en) | 2010-04-07 | 2010-04-07 | Channel status information feedback |
PCT/CN2010/071597 WO2011124025A1 (zh) | 2010-04-07 | 2010-04-07 | 信道状态信息反馈方法和系统 |
BR112012025324A BR112012025324A2 (pt) | 2010-04-07 | 2010-04-07 | retroalimentação de informações de situação de canal |
EP10849262.0A EP2557723B1 (en) | 2010-04-07 | 2010-04-07 | Channel state information feedback method and system thereof |
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- 2010-04-07 KR KR1020127029128A patent/KR101481391B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5551823B2 (ja) | 2014-07-16 |
US20130028340A1 (en) | 2013-01-31 |
CN102742204B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
EP2557723A1 (en) | 2013-02-13 |
CN102742204A (zh) | 2012-10-17 |
EP2557723A4 (en) | 2015-10-28 |
KR101481391B1 (ko) | 2015-01-12 |
JP2013527655A (ja) | 2013-06-27 |
BR112012025324A2 (pt) | 2016-06-28 |
US8792571B2 (en) | 2014-07-29 |
EP2557723B1 (en) | 2017-03-01 |
KR20130018856A (ko) | 2013-02-25 |
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