WO2011116850A1 - Transformateur sec triphasé à haute performance doté de bobines isolées à l'époxyde et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Transformateur sec triphasé à haute performance doté de bobines isolées à l'époxyde et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011116850A1
WO2011116850A1 PCT/EP2011/000436 EP2011000436W WO2011116850A1 WO 2011116850 A1 WO2011116850 A1 WO 2011116850A1 EP 2011000436 W EP2011000436 W EP 2011000436W WO 2011116850 A1 WO2011116850 A1 WO 2011116850A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
core
coil
transformer according
core leg
winding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/000436
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Benjamin Weber
Jens Tepper
Martin Carlen
Thomas Hartmann
Original Assignee
Abb Technology Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Abb Technology Ag filed Critical Abb Technology Ag
Priority to CN2011800149468A priority Critical patent/CN102792398A/zh
Publication of WO2011116850A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011116850A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F30/00—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00
    • H01F30/06—Fixed transformers not covered by group H01F19/00 characterised by the structure
    • H01F30/12—Two-phase, three-phase or polyphase transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/322—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof the insulation forming channels for circulation of the fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/327—Encapsulating or impregnating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
    • H01F41/12—Insulating of windings
    • H01F41/127—Encapsulating or impregnating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/327—Encapsulating or impregnating
    • H01F2027/328—Dry-type transformer with encapsulated foil winding, e.g. windings coaxially arranged on core legs with spacers for cooling and with three phases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H01F27/25—Magnetic cores made from strips or ribbons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a three-phase high performance dry-type transformer with epoxy insulated coils having a triangular core, whereas the core consists of three sub-cores each being arranged at an angle of preferably 120 degrees to the other sub-cures and whereas each long side of each single-phase core forms a core leg joint with that of the adjacent single-phase core and to a method for manufacturing of a three-phase high performance dry-type transformer mentioned before.
  • Triangular cores are known since a long time, where the oldest publications are dating back about 100 years or more.
  • Three-phase high performance transformers having a triangular core are known since a long time, too.
  • a three-phase magnetic core which comprises three V-shaped members formed of layers of magnetic material bonded together by insulating material and bent across the width of the strips, the two ends of each member being so shaped that they form butt joints with the ends of the other members at the axis of the core from which the three members radiate in directions mutually displaced by 120 degrees.
  • a strip of magnetic material may be continuously wound to form the rectangular loop, the laminations being separated and bonded by a plastic insulating material. Cuts inclined at an angle of 120 degrees at the top and bottom of the coil make two V-shaped cores with surfaces at the ends so shaped that three cores may be placed together to form a three-phase structure, round the three legs on which windings may be placed.
  • the surfaces forming the butt joints between core members extending between the central axis and the outer edges may be machined and then etched to remove burrs.
  • the core members are held together by straps which hook into a triangular member at the bottom and are held by adjustable screw connections in a triangular member at the upper end.
  • each core member is divided centrally by a conducting strip to prevent cross flux, insulated from the laminations and lying in a plane containing the central axis.
  • core members of cruciform section are described which are made similarly to those previously described but from a strip which is wider at its middle portion. Preformed coils may be placed on the cores which are first cut across the legs and then joined by a butt joint, or the low voltage winding may be wound on the core and the high voltage winding slipped over it.
  • a transformer core according to the Delta concept has a three-dimensional iron core which structure is formed by three frame form iron cores which have the same size being provided with oblique D-shaped sections.
  • the iron cores consist of magnetic conductive strip material.
  • the three frame form iron cores are arranged in that way that they mutually include angles of 60 degrees to form the three-dimensional iron core.
  • a transformer according to the Hexaformer concept is a three- phase transformer with a specially shaped core, arranged in a triangular shape.
  • the hexaformer core comprises at least one leg and at least one yoke part, wherein the cross section of the leg or the legs is regularly multi-edged with more than four edges.
  • the core consists of a certain number of rolls of laminated steel bands, e.g. nine rolls, and the core legs have a cross sectional shape of a hexagonal, whereby good electrical respectively magnetic properties are achieved.
  • Transformers built according to this concept are distinguished by higher energy efficiency, lower weight and volume, lower vibrations and noise level, lower electromagnetic stray field, lower inrush current and lack of third harmonic.
  • a triangular core transformer needs less core steel and has lower core losses. It is therefore economically and ecologically beneficial.
  • the new technology allows automating the production process to a large extent.
  • transformer coils being produced from wire turns impregnated with non-cured epoxy resin and wound in layers on a coil former with intermediate layer of resin impregnated fiber winding.
  • the wound coil is coated by an insulating layer and the epoxy resin is cured after finished winding.
  • the coil is coated with a primary insulation of resin impregnated fiber layer preferably of laminated glass etc., this layer being in the form of a gel during the winding process, in which at least one layer of wire with resin impregnation is deposited, with a following coating of a second resin impregnated fiber layer.
  • the assembly forms an axially supported annular body.
  • each coil is wound around its own core leg i.e. one adjacent to the next and the iron cores of each coil are being joint together by yokes which confine the transformer.
  • a three-phase high performance dry-type transformer with fiber reinforced epoxy insulated coils having a triangular core formed by three core legs which are positioned at the corners of a triangle, whereas the upper ends of each core leg are linked together by an upper yoke and the lower ends of each core leg by a lower yoke, whereas each coil is being wound around its own core leg, and whereas each coil has been provided with reinforcing fibres and cast resin.
  • the reinforcing fibres are being provided as glass fibres, as aramid fibers, as PET fibers, as other polymeric fibers, as ceramic fibers, or as a combination thereof.
  • the reinforcing fibres are being provided as rovings or as pre-pregs.
  • a roving is a long and narrow bundle of fibers which is drawn.
  • Pre-preg is a term for "pre-impregnated" composite fibres. These usually have the form of a weave or fabric or are uni-directional. They already contain an amount of the matrix material used to bond them together and to other components during manufacture. The pre-preg are mostly stored in cooled areas since activation is most commonly done by heat. Hence, composite structures built of pre- pregs will mostly require an oven or autoclave to cure the material.
  • the transformer according to this invention is characterized in that the windings of each coil are laminated with the reinforcing fibers and/or rovings and/or pre-pregs whereas the lamination of the windings with reinforcing fibers and/or rovings and/or pre-pregs is being provided as enhancement of the mechanical stability of the coils.
  • each coil is provided with channels for cooling media whereas the channels are being aligned in parallel to the core axis.
  • each channel for cooling media in the coils is being provided as a tube-like body which is fitted in the winding while manufacturing the coil.
  • a preferred embodiment of the transformer according to the invention is characterized in that at least one of the yokes, either the upper or the lower yoke, of each core part is removably connected to the respective core leg.
  • each of the yokes is manufactured as a bar being part of a triangle whereas the bars are forming the contour of a triangle.
  • each core as well as the yokes are made of low-loss iron alloy of chrytalline or amorphous structure.
  • the object of this invention is to disclose a method how to manufacture a transformer as being described before. Accordingly a method for manufacturing a transformer according to the invention comprises different steps which are listed in the following.
  • each core leg is provided with a winding of copper or aluminum wire or foil, where each winding is laminated with reinforcing fibers or with rovings or with prepregs being made thereof.
  • the next step is characterized in that in each winding a tube like body is being fitted in order to form a channel provided for discharging heat losses generated during operation. Now, when the winding has been finalized each coil is being provided with cast resin.
  • each coil manufactured according to the aforementioned steps is being shifted on the respective core leg and then the upper yoke is put on the core legs and connected to the core legs whereas each coil is held in position. Finally the electrical installation of the conductors of each coil is executed.
  • the first step is the positioning of the rectangular frames so that two long sides of any frame being aligned in parallel to each adjacent frame form the corner of a triangle. The short sides of each frame form the upper and the lower yoke. ) Then the winding of the coils will be executed whereas each core leg will receive a winding for the primary voltage and one winding for the secondary voltage. )
  • the coils according to this method are manufactured locally i.e. each core leg is subject to a separate winding procedure whereas the assembling of more than one winding on more than one core leg at the same time is possible. The winding of each coil is effected manually or mechanically by means of a winding machine.
  • each winding at least one tube like body is being fitted in order each to form a channel provided for discharging heat losses generated during operation of the transformer.
  • the position of each of the cooling channels is being checked.
  • the coils according to this invention are provided with at least one layer, preferably more than one layer of resin impregnated fiber windings in order to gain mechanical stability of the coils and to support the structure of the coils,
  • the resin may be a polyester resin or according to a preferred embodiment of the invention it is an epoxy resin.
  • the cast resin is cured by heat treatment of the total transformer in order to enhance the mechanical stability of the coils.
  • the conductors of each coil are connected to an interface.
  • the transformer according to this invention is being tested as to its electrical properties. Dry type transformers with these features offer a flexible, reliable and environmentally safe design for a wide range of applications beyond just distribution duty, and can withstand heavy loads and extreme temperatures. Their design provides a safe, reliable transformer, conforming to most worldwide standards, for a wide range of applications. Accordingly these transformers are capable of meeting performance requirements, whilst providing a non-flammable environmentally safe, maintenance- free product.
  • the transformers are made of resin reinforced with glass-fiber rovings, a material of enormous strength that enables them to withstand extreme mechanical stresses and thermal shocks from severe climates, regular cyclic loading and short circuit forces, or any equivalent fiber material. Besides that the reinforcement of the coils can be achieved by using pre-pregs which are used for laminating the windings.
  • these materials are designed and tested to function at ambient temperatures as low as -60°C (-76°F), or beyond 50°C (122°F).
  • these transformers are non-explosive, non-toxic, self extinguishing and are 100 percent moisture-proof, unaffected by freezing conditions or chemicals.
  • a special advantage is that these transformers are produced without the use of moulds. Instead, their coils are manufactured on numerically controlled winding machines, so they can be customized to meet exact customer specifications and requirements including losses, impedances or dimensions.
  • this design flexibility can be used to produce a transformer to just the right size, e.g., be able to pass through a restricted access hatch or doorway without the need to dismantle it, or to function in an area of restricted height.
  • these transformers are used indoors and outdoors, with enclosures available to suit most worldwide demands, and require no vaults or containment dikes, sprinklers or other costly fire suppression systems
  • the transformers according to this invention can be used in variable frequency drives (VFD) and traction applications, where sudden cyclic loads and harmonics are applied and multiple windings solutions are required.
  • VFD variable frequency drives
  • traction applications where sudden cyclic loads and harmonics are applied and multiple windings solutions are required.
  • Fig. 1 a top view on a schematic drawing of an arrangement of a triangular transformer core equipped with coils and yokes;
  • Fig. 2 a side elevation of a core frame consisting of a closed loop;
  • Fig. 3 a top view on a triangular core
  • Fig. 4 a side elevation of a triangular core formed by three core frames whereas each long side of each frame is joint to a long side of the adjacent frame and thus being fitted to a triangle;
  • Fig. 5 a top view on a triangular core according to Fig. 3 provided with a winding and
  • Fig. 6 a side elevation of the triangular core according to Fig. 4 provided with a winding.
  • Fig. 1 shows a top view on a schematic drawing of an arrangement of a triangular transformer 10 equipped with coils 12, 14, 16 and a yoke 18.
  • the coils 12, 14, 16 are wound each around a core leg (not shown in this view) and form a three phase high power transformer 0 with a triangular core 20.
  • the yoke 18 is put on the top ends of each core leg and connected thereto thus it forms a closed magnetic circuit.
  • a closed frame 22 is shown consisting of two long sides 24 each interlinked with the other by means of a bow-shaped connection piece 26.
  • Each long side 24 being adjacent to the long side 24 of a neighboring frame 22 serves as core leg 25 for the coils 12, 14, 16 while the bow-shaped connection piece 26 forms the yoke 18.
  • each core leg 25 for the coils 12, 14, 16 is formed by two long sides 24 of two frames 22 which are aligned together and thus form a triangle as can be seen from Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 3 shows a top view on a triangular core 20 formed by three closed frames 22, whereas the long sides 24 of each frame 22 extend perpendicular to the plane of projection . At the corners of this triangle the adjacent said long sides 24 of two neighboured frames 22 are aligned with one another, while the bow-shaped connection pieces 26 at the ends of said long sides 24 form the yoke 18.
  • a side elevation of a triangular core 20 is being shown which is formed by three core frames 22 whereas each long side 24 of each frame 22 is linked to a long side 24 of the adjacent frame 22 and thus being fitted to a triangle core 20 for a transformer 10 according to the invention.
  • two aligned long sides 24 form a core leg 25 where a winding is wound around.
  • Fig. 5 a top view on a triangular core 20 according to Fig. 3 is shown which is provided with a winding base 28 and a winding 12, 14, 16 thereon.
  • the winding base 28 serves as a carrier for the winding or coil 12, 14, 16 and is initially rotatable around the respective core leg 25. This rotatability allows that the winding can be easily manufactured in a professional manner i.e. exactly turn by turn and layer by layer.
  • FIG. 6 shows a side elevation of the triangular core 20 according to Fig. 4 whereas each core leg 25 is being provided with a winding base 28 and a coil 12, 14 has been applied thereon. The third coil is being masked in this drawing.
  • each core leg 25 is equipped with a cylindrical winding base 28 for the winding of the respective coil.
  • This tube-like winding base 28 which on one hand is rather narrow i.e. it surrounds the respective core leg 25 at close distance, while on the other hand the space between the core leg 25 and the winding base 28 is big enough so that the winding base 28 is allowed to rotate around the core leg 25. Accordingly the aluminium or copper wire which has been provided for the winding is wound steadily around the winding base 28 which preferably is made of a low-loss iron alloy of crystalline or amorphous structure as the core leg 25 is, too.
  • the winding base 28 is mechanically rotated by means of a belt drive, or a chain drive, or a gearwheel drive or the like, which can be removed after finishing the winding procedure, whereas the winding wire is spooled turn by turn and layer by layer.
  • the local manufacturing of coils at each of the core legs 25 can easily be performed without opening the closed frame 22 of the triangular core 20.
  • At least one tube per coil for discharging waste heat during operation is positioned at the right circular angle and at the defined radius within the winding area. Accordingly these tube-like cooling ducts are fastened to the winding by means of fibers respectively prepregs made thereof and laminated with e.g., epoxy resin before further proceeding with manufacture of the coils.

Abstract

La présente invention a trait à un transformateur sec triphasé à haute performance (10) doté de bobines isolées à l'époxyde (12, 14, 16) pourvues d'un noyau triangulaire (20) constitué de trois colonnes liées les unes aux autres au moyen d'une culasse supérieure (18) et d'une culasse inférieure, chaque bobine étant enroulée autour de sa propre colonne et étant dotée de fibres de renforcement et de résine de coulée. En outre, la présente invention a trait à un procédé de fabrication dudit transformateur, une culasse inférieure étant connectée à des colonnes, chaque colonne étant pourvue d'un enroulement de fil en cuivre, chaque enroulement étant stratifié au moyen de fibres de renforcement, de mèches ou de pré-imprégnés constitués de celui-ci, un corps en forme de tube étant ajusté dans chaque enroulement afin de former un canal permettant d'évacuer les pertes de chaleur au cours du fonctionnement, et chaque bobine étant pourvue d'une résine de coulée. Chaque bobine est ensuite décalée sur la colonne respective, la culasse supérieure est connectée aux colonnes et l'installation électrique des conducteurs de chaque bobine est finalisée.
PCT/EP2011/000436 2010-03-20 2011-02-01 Transformateur sec triphasé à haute performance doté de bobines isolées à l'époxyde et son procédé de fabrication WO2011116850A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2011800149468A CN102792398A (zh) 2010-03-20 2011-02-01 具有环氧绝缘线圈的三相高性能干式变压器及其制造方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10002974.3 2010-03-20
EP10002974A EP2367181A1 (fr) 2010-03-20 2010-03-20 Transformateur de type sec à haute performance et triphasées avec bobines isolées d'époxy et son procédé de fabrication

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011116850A1 true WO2011116850A1 (fr) 2011-09-29

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PCT/EP2011/000436 WO2011116850A1 (fr) 2010-03-20 2011-02-01 Transformateur sec triphasé à haute performance doté de bobines isolées à l'époxyde et son procédé de fabrication

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Country Link
EP (1) EP2367181A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102792398A (fr)
WO (1) WO2011116850A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013063242A1 (fr) * 2011-10-28 2013-05-02 Abb Technology Ag Moule intégré pour un transformateur ayant un noyau non linéaire
WO2013165417A1 (fr) * 2012-05-03 2013-11-07 Abb Technology Ltd. Procédé, moule et système de fabrication de bobine de transformateur
WO2014098272A1 (fr) * 2012-12-17 2014-06-26 Abb Technology Ltd Bobine à basse tension de transformateur et transformateur
WO2014133423A1 (fr) * 2013-02-26 2014-09-04 Lennart Höglund Machine de transfert et noyau de transformateur triphasé fabriqué au moyen de la machine de transfert
DE102014103526A1 (de) 2014-03-14 2015-09-17 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter, Stufentransformator zur Spannungsregelung und Verfahren zur Durchführung einer Umschaltung im Stufentransformator
ES2580007T3 (es) * 2013-10-18 2016-08-18 Abb Technology Ag Transformador
CN104103406A (zh) * 2014-07-29 2014-10-15 上海华力电控设备有限公司 一种三相干式变压器
SE1950225A1 (en) * 2019-02-21 2020-08-22 Kkm Kraftkvalitemaetning Ab Air-core inductor

Citations (9)

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GB575564A (en) 1943-03-27 1946-02-22 Westinghouse Electric Int Co Improvements in or relating to three-phase core structures for electrical induction apparatus
DE2051883B2 (de) 1970-10-22 1976-07-29 Lepper-Dominit Transformatoren Gmbh, 5340 Bad Honnef Wicklung fuer trockentransformatoren und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
DE4029097A1 (de) * 1990-09-13 1992-03-19 Messwandler Bau Ag Selbstkuehlender drehstrom-trockentransformator
US5202664A (en) * 1992-01-28 1993-04-13 Poulsen Peder Ulrik Three phase transformer with frame shaped winding assemblies
WO2000025327A1 (fr) * 1998-10-26 2000-05-04 A.T.T. Advanced Transformer Technologies (1998) Ltd. Transformateur triphase
WO2001065572A2 (fr) * 2000-03-02 2001-09-07 Hoeglund Lennart Noyau de transformateur
US20060200971A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2006-09-14 Lanoue Thomas J Method of manufacturing a transformer coil having cooling ducts
WO2008108704A1 (fr) 2007-03-07 2008-09-12 Hexaformer Ab Agencement de transformateur
US20090313812A1 (en) * 2008-06-24 2009-12-24 Sergey Pulnikov Method for making electrical windings for electrical apparatus and transformers and winding obtained by said method

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CN2085554U (zh) * 1991-04-24 1991-09-25 北京科学技术开发交流中心 新型节能干式变压器及电抗器
CN1516206A (zh) * 2003-08-25 2004-07-28 广州特种变压器厂有限公司 树脂浇注绝缘干式变压器及其制造方法

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB575564A (en) 1943-03-27 1946-02-22 Westinghouse Electric Int Co Improvements in or relating to three-phase core structures for electrical induction apparatus
DE2051883B2 (de) 1970-10-22 1976-07-29 Lepper-Dominit Transformatoren Gmbh, 5340 Bad Honnef Wicklung fuer trockentransformatoren und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
DE4029097A1 (de) * 1990-09-13 1992-03-19 Messwandler Bau Ag Selbstkuehlender drehstrom-trockentransformator
US5202664A (en) * 1992-01-28 1993-04-13 Poulsen Peder Ulrik Three phase transformer with frame shaped winding assemblies
WO2000025327A1 (fr) * 1998-10-26 2000-05-04 A.T.T. Advanced Transformer Technologies (1998) Ltd. Transformateur triphase
WO2001065572A2 (fr) * 2000-03-02 2001-09-07 Hoeglund Lennart Noyau de transformateur
US20060200971A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2006-09-14 Lanoue Thomas J Method of manufacturing a transformer coil having cooling ducts
WO2008108704A1 (fr) 2007-03-07 2008-09-12 Hexaformer Ab Agencement de transformateur
US20090313812A1 (en) * 2008-06-24 2009-12-24 Sergey Pulnikov Method for making electrical windings for electrical apparatus and transformers and winding obtained by said method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2367181A1 (fr) 2011-09-21
CN102792398A (zh) 2012-11-21

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