WO2011103188A4 - Electrochemical heat transfer system - Google Patents

Electrochemical heat transfer system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011103188A4
WO2011103188A4 PCT/US2011/025080 US2011025080W WO2011103188A4 WO 2011103188 A4 WO2011103188 A4 WO 2011103188A4 US 2011025080 W US2011025080 W US 2011025080W WO 2011103188 A4 WO2011103188 A4 WO 2011103188A4
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
working fluid
heat
transfer system
heat transfer
heat reservoir
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2011/025080
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2011103188A3 (en
WO2011103188A2 (en
Inventor
Bamdad Bahar
Original Assignee
Xergy Incorporated
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US12/771,620 external-priority patent/US8627671B2/en
Application filed by Xergy Incorporated filed Critical Xergy Incorporated
Priority to GB1214690.8A priority Critical patent/GB2492261A/en
Publication of WO2011103188A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011103188A2/en
Publication of WO2011103188A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011103188A3/en
Publication of WO2011103188A4 publication Critical patent/WO2011103188A4/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

A heat transfer system includes a working fluid and an electrochemical compressor. The working fluid is made up of a polar solvent that primarily acts as a condensable refrigerant and hydrogen that primarily acts as an electrochemically-active component. The electrochemical compressor includes an inlet fluidly coupled to an evaporator to receive the working fluid; an outlet fluidly coupled to a condenser; and one or more electrochemical cells electrically connected to each other through a power supply. Each electrochemical cell includes a gas pervious anode, a gas pervious cathode, and an electrolytic membrane disposed between and in intimate electrical contact with the cathode and the anode to pass the working fluid.

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on 07 November 2011 (07.11.2011)
1. A system comprising:
a working fluid comprising a polar solvent other than water that primarily acts as a condensable refrigerant and hydrogen that primarily acts as an electrochemical ly- active component; and
an electrochemical compressor including:
an inlet fluidly coupled to an evaporator to receive the working fluid; an outlet fluidly coupled to a condenser; and
one or more electrochemical cells electrically connected to each other through a power supply, each electrochemical cell comprising a gas pervious anode, a gas pervious cathode, and an electrolytic membrane disposed between and in intimate electrical contact with the cathode and the anode to pass the working fluid.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the electrolytic membrane comprises a solid electrolyte.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the working fluid comprises water.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the polar solvent and the water are a coexisting fluid that is transported with the hydrogen across the electrolytic membrane.
5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a condenser that transfers heat from a first heat reservoir to the working fluid, an evaporator that transfers heat from the working fluid to a second heat reservoir, and
an expansion valve between the condenser and the evaporator that reduces pressure of the working fluid,
wherein the electrochemical compressor is between the condenser and the evaporator.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the polar solvent comprises methanol.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the mole fraction of hydrogen in the working fluid is less than or equal to about 0.10 and the mole fraction of polar solvent in the working fluid is between about 0.55-0.75.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the mole fraction of hydrogen in the working fluid is less dian or equal to about 0.05 by mass and the mole fraction of polar solvent in the working fluid is between about 0.60-0.80.
9. A method of transferring heat using a working fluid that is circulated through and contained within a closed loop, the method comprising:
increasing a pressure of at least hydrogen of the working fluid by oxidizing the hydrogen at an anode, conducting the oxidized hydrogen across an electrolyte, and reducing the hydrogen at a cathode; and
propelling a mixture of a polar solvent other than water and water with the hydrogen across the anode, electrolyte, and cathode.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
conveying heat from a first heat reservoir at a relatively low temperature to a second heat reservoir at relatively high temperature by circulating the working fluid through the closed loop that is thermally coupled to the first heat reservoir at a first portion and is thermally coupled to the second heat reservoir at a second portion, the conveying comprising:
transferring heat from at least the polar solvent of the working fluid at the second loop portion to the second heat reservoir including liquefying at least some of the polar solvent of the working fluid;
reducing a pressure of the at least partially liquefied working fluid by expanding the working fluid at a substantially constant enthalpy; and
transferring heat from the first heat reservoir to at least the polar solvent of the working fluid at the first loop portion including vaporizing at least some of the polar solvent of the working fluid.
11. A heat transfer system that conveys heat from a first beat reservoir at a relatively low temperature to a second heat reservoir at a relatively high temperature, the heat transfer system defining a closed loop that contains a working fluid, at least part of the working fluid being circulated through the closed loop, the heat transfer system comprising:
a working fluid that comprises a polar solvent other than water that primarily acts as a condensable refrigerant; and hydrogen that primarily acts as an
electrochcmically-active component;
an evaporator that transfers heat from the first heat reservoir to the working fluid;
a condenser that transfers heat from the working fluid to the second heat reservoir;
an expansion valve between the evaporator and the condenser that reduces pressure of the working fluid; and
an electrochemical compressor between the evaporator and the compressor, the electrochemical compressor comprising one or more electrochemical cells electrically connected to each other through a power supply, each electrochemical cell comprising a gas pervious anode, a gas pervious cathode, and an electrolytic membrane disposed between and in intimate electrical contact with the cathode and the anode through which the working fluid is passed.
12. The heat transfer system of claim 11 , further comprising a control system that is connected to a power supply of the electrochemical compressor and to at least one sensor that senses a temperature associated with the first heat reservoir.
13. The heat transfer system of claim 1 1 , wherein the first heat reservoir is an ambient environment within building at a relatively low temperature and the second heat reservoir is an ambient environment external to the building and at a relatively high temperature.
14. The heat transfer system of claim 1 1 , wherein the first heat reservoir is an ambient environment internal to an air duct of a building and the second heat reservoir is an ambient environment external to the air duct of the building.
15. The heat transfer system of claim 1 1 , wherein the first heat reservoir is a component of an integrated electronic circuit and the second heat reservoir is an ambient environment around the integrated electronic circuit.
16. The heat transfer system of claim 1 1 , wherein the first heat reservorr is a component of a laser and the second heat reservoir is an ambient environment around the laser.
17. The heat transfer system of claim 1 1 , wherein the first heat reservoir is an ambient environment internal to a sealed cooler and the second heat reservoir is an ambient environment external to the sealed cooler.
18. The heat transfer system of claim 11 , wherein the first heat reservoir is an ambient environment internal to a food storage container and the second heat reservoir is an ambient environment external to the food storage container.
19. The heat transfer system of claim 1 1 , wherein the first heat reservoir is an ambient environment internal to a pharmaceutical storage container and the second heat reservoir is an ambient environment external to the pharmaceutical storage container.
20. The heat transfer system of claim 1 1 , wherein the first heat reservoir is an ambient environment internal to a sealed portable cooler and the second heat reservoir is an ambient environment external to the sealed portable cooler.
21. The heat transfer system of claim 1 1 , wherein the first heat reservoir is an ambtent environment internal to an air duct of a vehicle and the second heat reservoir is an ambient environment external to the vehicle air duct.
22. A heat transfer system comprising:
a working fluid comprising a polar solvent other than water that primarily acts as a condensable refrigerant and hydrogen that primarily acts as an electrochemical ly- active component; and an electrochemical compressor that includes an inlet that is fluidly coupled to an evaporator to receive the working fluid, an outlet that is fluidly coupled to a condenser to output the working fluid, and an electrolyte between the inlet and the outlet through which the working fluid passes;
wherein the mole fraction of hydrogen in the working fl uid is adjusted to be as low as possible but high enough to pump the polar solvent through the
electrochemical compressor such that a coefficient of performance of the heat transfer system is greater than 4.
23, The heat transfer system of claim 22, wherein the electrolyte is a solid electrolyte.
24. The heat transfer system of claim 22, wherein the working fluid comprises water,
25, The heat transfer system of claim 24, wherein the polar solvent and the water are a coexisting fluid that is transported with the hydrogen across the electrolyte.
26. The heat transfer system of claim 22, wherein the polar solvent comprises methanol.
PCT/US2011/025080 2010-02-17 2011-02-16 Electrochemical heat transfer system WO2011103188A2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1214690.8A GB2492261A (en) 2010-02-17 2011-02-16 Electrochemical heat transfer system

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US30541010P 2010-02-17 2010-02-17
US61/305,410 2010-02-17
US12/771,620 2010-04-30
US12/771,620 US8627671B2 (en) 2009-05-01 2010-04-30 Self-contained electrochemical heat transfer system
US34742810P 2010-05-23 2010-05-23
US61/347,428 2010-05-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011103188A2 WO2011103188A2 (en) 2011-08-25
WO2011103188A3 WO2011103188A3 (en) 2011-11-10
WO2011103188A4 true WO2011103188A4 (en) 2012-01-05

Family

ID=44483549

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2011/025080 WO2011103188A2 (en) 2010-02-17 2011-02-16 Electrochemical heat transfer system

Country Status (3)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2492261A (en)
HK (1) HK1196422A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011103188A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2519453B (en) * 2012-01-11 2018-10-17 Xergy Ltd Electrochemical compression system

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5699668A (en) * 1995-03-30 1997-12-23 Boreaus Technical Limited Multiple electrostatic gas phase heat pump and method
JPH10170094A (en) * 1996-12-10 1998-06-26 Kodera Denshi Seisakusho:Kk Refrigerating machine with peltier element
US6434955B1 (en) * 2001-08-07 2002-08-20 The National University Of Singapore Electro-adsorption chiller: a miniaturized cooling cycle with applications from microelectronics to conventional air-conditioning
US7456543B2 (en) * 2006-01-31 2008-11-25 Tempronics, Inc. Closely spaced electrodes with a uniform gap

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2492261A (en) 2012-12-26
GB201214690D0 (en) 2012-10-03
HK1196422A1 (en) 2014-12-12
WO2011103188A3 (en) 2011-11-10
WO2011103188A2 (en) 2011-08-25

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