JPH10170094A - Refrigerating machine with peltier element - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a heat conversion efficiency by a method wherein heat absorbed from an object to be cooled through a Peltier element gasifies and liquefies refrigerant dissolved in absorbing agent, the refrigerant is stored in an evaporator connected to an absorbing device in an air-tight manner, the refrigerant is gasified again and retrieves heat from the object to be cooled through a heat transferring means. SOLUTION: Heat absorbed from a cooling chamber 2 acting as an object to be a cooled through a Peltier element 3 gasifies ammonia acting as refrigerant dissolved in water acting as absorbing agent. This ammonia is liquefied by a condenser and stored in an evaporator 4 connected in air-tight manner to an absorbing device 5 storing water acting as absorbing agent. Then, this ammonia is gasified again with absorbing force of water acting as absorbing agent in the absorbing device 5 so as to retrieve heat from a cooling chamber 2 acting as an object to be cooled through a heat transferring means. Accordingly, absorbed heat wasted as waste heat in the prior art may contribute to cooling of the cooling chamber 2 as the object to be cooled and so it is possible to improve a cooling efficiency.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigerator using a Peltier device, and more particularly, to a refrigerator using a Peltier device having improved conversion efficiency by utilizing heat radiation and heat absorption of the Peltier device. It is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a refrigerator that transfers heat from a lower temperature side to a higher temperature side. There are three types of refrigerators: a heat pump refrigerator, an absorption refrigerator, and an electronic refrigerator. In addition, there is an adsorption refrigerator, which has not been put to practical use.

In a heat pump type refrigerator, a gas such as chlorofluorocarbon as a refrigerant is compressed and vaporized by a heat pump.
When evaporating, the latent heat is taken from the outside air, the inside of the refrigerator, or the like. That is, the heat pump type refrigerator transfers heat from a lower temperature side to a higher temperature side by mechanical energy.

[0004] In an absorption refrigerator, when a refrigerant and an absorbent having a large power for absorbing the refrigerant are put in separate containers in one airtight space, the refrigerant is forced by the absorbing action of the absorbent. When it is vaporized, it removes heat from the outside air, the inside of the refrigerator, etc. as latent heat. Eventually, the absorbent diluted by the dissolved refrigerant has a reduced absorbing power, but the diluted absorbent is vaporized by heating the dissolved refrigerant, concentrated, and used again as the absorbent. The main energy used in this system is
Thermal energy added when concentrating the absorbent. In other words, the absorption refrigerator transfers heat from a lower temperature side to a higher temperature side by thermal energy.

[0005] The adsorption refrigerator has substantially the same principle as the absorption refrigerator, and uses water or the like as a refrigerant, and uses a solid such as silica gel as an adsorbent instead of an absorbent.

[0006] The electronic refrigerator uses the Peltier effect,
It removes heat from the outside air and the refrigerator compartment. When an electric current flows between contact surfaces of different kinds of metals joined in an ohmic state, an endothermic effect is generated from one surface and a heat radiating effect is generated from the other surface. This phenomenon is called the Peltier effect, and the directions of heat absorption and heat radiation are switched depending on the direction of the current. In particular, a Peltier element is a semiconductor element whose heat absorption and heat dissipation functions are several hundred times higher than when a metal material is used. If this Peltier element is used, the lower temperature side is radiated to the heat absorption side and the higher temperature side is radiated. By installing on the side, heat can be removed from the lower temperature side and transferred to the higher temperature side.
Moreover, the conversion efficiency is 150%, that is, the heat energy that can be transferred is 1.5 times the power consumption.

[0007] These refrigerators are used in air conditioners such as air conditioners, water heaters, refrigerators and the like.

[0008]

However, as described above, the heat generated when cooling the electronic refrigerator is wasted, and the energy is wasted. Utilization of this waste heat has been desired since it leads to a reduction in energy consumption, which is expected to increase in the future.

[0009] In particular, in the power consumption situation in Japan, about 92% is for ordinary households, followed by 30% for steel and 3% for semiconductor. Reducing the power consumed by refrigerators by about 10% of the power consumed by ordinary households, which accounts for about 92%, will lead to a 0.3% reduction in Japan's total power consumption.

Therefore, the present invention is the simplest of the refrigerating means of the above-mentioned various types of refrigerators, and uses a Peltier element having a relatively high conversion efficiency to utilize both heat radiation and heat absorption to perform heat conversion. It is an object to provide a refrigerator using a highly efficient Peltier element.

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a refrigerator using a Peltier element, wherein the Peltier element absorbs heat from an object to be cooled, and a heat source radiates heat released from a radiation side of the Peltier element. A generator that vaporizes the refrigerant dissolved in the absorbent, a condenser that liquefies the vaporized refrigerant from the generator, and an absorber that contains the absorbent in which the refrigerant is vaporized and concentrated by the generator; and An evaporator that contains the refrigerant liquefied by the condenser and is connected to the absorber in an airtight state with the outside, and a heat transfer unit that performs heat exchange between the object to be cooled and the evaporator. Things.

Here, the combination of the refrigerant and the absorbent includes:
A combination of ammonia for the refrigerant and water for the absorbent may be used. Alternatively, a combination of water for the refrigerant, lithium bromide for the absorbent, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol for the refrigerant, and LiBr, ZnBr2, and LiBr + Z for the absorbent.
Combination of nBr2, etc., refrigerants Freon 22, Freon 13
E-181 (tetraethylene glycol d)
imethyl ether), NN-Dimethylformamid (DMF), Isobuty
Lacetet (IBA), Dibutylphthalete (DBP), etc. may be used in combination.

Therefore, according to the refrigerator using the Peltier device according to the first aspect of the present invention, not only the cooling of the object to be cooled by the Peltier device, but also the heat absorbed from the object to be cooled by the Peltier device to the absorbent. The dissolved refrigerant is vaporized, and the vaporized refrigerant is liquefied by the condenser, stored in the evaporator connected in an airtight state with the absorber containing the absorbent, and by the absorbing power of the absorbent in the absorber. It is vaporized again and takes more heat from the object to be cooled through the heat transfer means.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a refrigerator using a Peltier element according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the refrigerant is ammonia and the absorbent is water. Here, the ammonia of the refrigerant may be pure ammonia alone, but may be mixed with a predetermined amount of hydrogen.

Therefore, according to the refrigerator using the Peltier element according to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the operation of the refrigerator using the Peltier element according to the first aspect, the ammonia evaporation temperature depends on conditions such as atmospheric pressure. It can be lowered to -45 ° C, and since this evaporation temperature belongs to the relatively lower class among substances that can be used as the refrigerant of the absorption refrigerator, it can be cooled to a relatively low temperature. Also, at 1 atm, 60
Even at a relatively low temperature of ° C., the concentration of ammonia as a refrigerant with respect to water as an absorbent can be vaporized to a mass ratio of 20% or less. Further, the combination of ammonia for the absorbent and water for the refrigerant is most suitable as a condition for cooling the absorber and the condenser by air compared with the combination of other substances.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the structure of a refrigerator using a Peltier device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, a refrigerator 1 of the present embodiment
Is mainly for cooling the cooling chamber 2 by the Peltier element 3 and for cooling the cooling chamber 2 by the absorption refrigerator operated by using waste heat released from the Peltier element 3.

On the outer wall surface of the cooling chamber 2, a Peltier element 3 is provided with the heat absorbing surface 3a facing the interior and the heat radiating surface 3b exposed to the outside. Although not shown, a current flows through the Peltier element 3.
This is a semiconductor element in which a temperature gradient is formed between the heat absorbing surface 3b and the heat absorbing surface 3a. That is, when a current flows through the Peltier element 3, the temperature on the heat radiation surface 3b side increases and the temperature on the heat absorption surface 3a side decreases. Therefore, the heat in the cooling chamber 2 is absorbed by the heat absorbing surface 3a and released to the heat radiating surface 3b.
Further, the temperature gradient between the heat radiating surface 3b and the heat absorbing surface 3a at this time can be appropriately changed according to the applied voltage, so that the inside of the cooling chamber 2 can be cooled to a predetermined temperature.

In addition, the refrigerator 1 of the present embodiment additionally includes an absorption refrigerator which is operated by utilizing heat released from the inside of the cooling chamber 2 to the outside by the Peltier element 3. .

That is, the absorption refrigerator provided as a supplement to the refrigerator 1 of this embodiment is provided with the heat radiation surface 3b of the Peltier element 3.
A generator 8 for vaporizing a refrigerant in which heat released from the heat source is dissolved in an absorbent, a condenser 12 for liquefying the refrigerant vaporized by the generator 8, and a refrigerant vaporized and concentrated by the generator 8 Absorber 5 containing the absorbent, evaporator 4 containing the refrigerant liquefied by the condenser 12 and connected to the absorber 5 in an airtight state with the outside, the cooling chamber 2 and the evaporator. And heat transfer means for exchanging heat with the heat transfer means 4.

The evaporator 4 is a cooler which is a main part of the absorption refrigerator, and contains therein ammonia as a refrigerant in a liquid state.

The absorber 5 is a container for storing water, which is an absorbent for forcibly vaporizing the ammonia, which is a refrigerant, stored in the evaporator 4. It is connected to the evaporator 4. In other words, since ammonia has a much higher solubility in water than other substances such as oxygen and hydrogen, even if it is stored as a liquid in a container different from water in a space that is airtight with the outside, As the gaseous ammonia dissolves in the water, the space is constantly in a vacuum state, and the space is forcibly vaporized and repeatedly dissolved in the water. At this time, in the evaporator 4, it is necessary to remove ambient heat as latent heat with the vaporization of ammonia. Therefore, the inside of the evaporator 4 and the inside of the cooling chamber 2 are connected by a pipe 7 to form heat transfer means for transmitting heat from the inside of the cooling chamber 2 to the evaporator 4.

The pipe 7 is closed in a loop shape and contains therein a brine made of a calcium chloride solution, a sodium chloride solution or the like. Brine is a eutectic mixture with a concentration that minimizes the freezing temperature and is the optimal solution as a heat transfer medium for cooling. Pipe 7
The pump 7a is provided in the middle of the above, and the brine is circulated. In other words, through this brine,
The heat absorbed from the inside of the cooling chamber 2 becomes latent heat associated with the vaporization of ammonia in the evaporator 4. The portions of the pipe 7 that are interposed in the cooling chamber 2 and the evaporator 4 are formed in a meandering manner in order to increase the surface area and improve heat transfer. It has become.

The absorption capacity of ammonia by the absorber 5 is as follows:
It decreases according to the content of ammonia that dissolves in water,
The water with the increased ammonia concentration and reduced absorption capacity is transferred to the generator 8 to remove the ammonia, and then re-absorbed.
Returned to.

The generator 8 has a heat radiation surface 3b of the Peltier element 3.
It is a container installed with the bottom close to the side,
The ammonia water transferred to the generator 8 is
Is heated by the heat released from the heat radiating surface 3b to vaporize the ammonia.

That is, the generator 8 is a container for removing ammonia from water having a higher concentration of ammonia and a reduced absorption capacity. The generator 8 is connected to the absorber 5 by two systems of a pipe 9 and a pipe 10. A pump 9a is provided in the middle of the pipe 9 near the absorber 5, and pumps water to the generator 8 through the pipe 9 in which the concentration of ammonia in the absorber 5 is increased and the absorption capacity is reduced. ing. A pressure reducing valve 10a is provided in the pipe 10 in the vicinity of the absorber 5 so that ammonia is vaporized in the generator 8 and water having an ammonia absorbing ability is again introduced into the absorber 5 through the pipe 10. Inflow. At this time, the pressure reducing valve 10 a is provided because the pressure in the generator 8 is higher than that in the absorber 5.

In the absorber 5, the temperature rises in the generator 8 due to the reaction heat generated when the ammonia is dissolved, and in the generator 8 due to the heat received from the Peltier element 3.
The temperature rise at generator 8 is much greater. Therefore, the pipe 9 and the pipe 10 connecting the absorber 5 and the generator 8
, A heat exchanger 11 is provided, and the absorber 5
The temperature inside the generator 8 is prevented from rising, and the temperature inside the generator 8 is prevented from decreasing, thereby reducing energy loss.

The ammonia vaporized by the generator 8 is
It is sent to the condenser 12 through the pipe 13 and liquefied. At this time, since the vaporized ammonia contains a predetermined amount of water vapor, the generator 8 is provided with a measure for removing the water vapor. That is, a separator 8a is provided at the upper part of the generator 8 for promoting the contact between the ammonia water having reduced absorption capacity sent from the absorber 5 and the ammonia vaporized by heating. A pipe 9 for drawing in water having a higher ammonia concentration and a lower absorption capacity than the absorber 5 is connected to a separator 8a, and the ammonia water poured into the separator 8a is supplied with gaseous ammonia while coming into contact with gaseous ammonia. Absorbs water vapor mixed in. Therefore, the purity of gaseous ammonia is improved.

The gaseous ammonia whose purity has been improved is transferred to a condenser 12 through a pipe 13 and cooled and liquefied by the condenser 12, and a rectifier 14 is provided in the middle of the pipe 13. The gaseous ammonia is cooled, further removing water vapor and increasing its purity.

The liquefied ammonia is sent from the condenser 12 to the evaporator 4 through the pipe 15, vaporized again, and repeats heat exchange with the inside of the cooling chamber 2 through the pipe 7. The pipe 15 is provided with a liquid receiver 15a and an expansion valve 15b in order from the condenser 12 to the evaporator 4. The liquid receiver 15a stores liquefied ammonia. The expansion valve 15b is provided to reduce the pressure and adjust the flow rate since the inside of the condenser 12 has a higher pressure than the inside of the evaporator 4.

The cooling of the absorber 5, the condenser 12, and the rectifier 14 is performed by flowing cooling water through a single pipe 16 that passes between them.

That is, in the refrigerator 1 of the present embodiment, cooling is mainly performed by the Peltier device 3, but the absorption refrigerator is also operated by utilizing waste heat released from the Peltier device 3. And the cooling efficiency is improved as compared with the cooling by the Peltier element 3 alone. Further, the cooling efficiency by the Peltier element can be set to 150%, and the cooling efficiency by the absorption refrigerator is 70% at the maximum. Therefore, in the refrigerator 1 of the present embodiment, in addition to the cooling efficiency of 150% by the Peltier element, the cooling efficiency by about 70% of the waste heat by the Peltier element can be improved.

As described above, in the refrigerator 1 of the present embodiment, in addition to the cooling by the Peltier device 3, the cooling by the absorption refrigerator that is operated supplementarily by using the waste heat released from the Peltier device 3 is performed. The Peltier element 3 that absorbs heat from the inside of the cooling chamber 2 that is the object to be cooled, and the heat released from the heat radiation side of the Peltier element 3 is absorbed by a heat source using an absorbent. A generator 8 for vaporizing ammonia which is a refrigerant dissolved in water, a condenser 12 for liquefying ammonia which is a refrigerant vaporized by the generator 8, and an ammonia which is vaporized and concentrated by the generator 8 An absorber 5 containing water as an absorbed absorbent and an ammonia containing refrigerant ammonia liquefied by the condenser 12 and connected to the absorber 5 in an airtight state with the outside. 4, and a heat transfer means for heat exchange between the evaporator 4 and the cooling object in a cooling chamber 2 chamber.

Therefore, the refrigerator 1 of the present embodiment not only cools the cooling chamber 2 which is the object to be cooled by the Peltier element 3 but also absorbs the heat absorbed by the Peltier element 3 from the cooling chamber 2 which is the object to be cooled. Vaporizes ammonia, which is a refrigerant dissolved in water as an absorbent, and the vaporized refrigerant, ammonia, is liquefied by a condenser 12 and air-tightly connected to an absorber 5 containing water as an absorbent. Is stored in the evaporator 4 and is vaporized again by the absorption power of water as an absorbent in the absorber 5, and further removes heat from the cooling chamber 2 as an object to be cooled through heat transfer means. The heat absorbed from the discarded cooling object 2 serving as the cooling object contributes to the cooling of the cooling object 2 serving as the cooling object, thereby improving the cooling efficiency. In other words, the process of reusing the waste heat accompanying the cooling of the Peltier element 3 constitutes an absorption refrigerator, and the cooling efficiency is improved by the amount cooled by the absorption refrigerator. In particular, the cooling efficiency of the Peltier element 3 can be set to 150%, the cooling efficiency of the absorption refrigerator is 70% at the maximum, and the cooling efficiency of the Peltier element 3 in addition to 150% of the cooling efficiency of the Peltier element 3 It is possible to improve the cooling efficiency by approximately 70% of the waste heat.

Further, the evaporation temperature of ammonia can be lowered to -45 ° C. depending on conditions such as atmospheric pressure, and this evaporation temperature belongs to a relatively lower class among substances that can be used as a refrigerant of an absorption refrigerator. Since it can be cooled to a relatively low temperature, a refrigerator having a higher refrigerating capacity can be obtained. Further, even at a relatively low temperature of 60 ° C. at 1 atm, the concentration of ammonia, which is a refrigerant, with respect to water, which is an absorbent, can be vaporized to a mass ratio of 20% or less. The cooling operation can be sufficiently performed even with relatively low temperature waste heat as the heat source. Furthermore, the combination of water for the absorbent and ammonia for the refrigerant is greater than the combination of other substances,
Since it is most suitable as the condition for cooling the condenser 12 by air cooling, the cooling means can be simplified and the weight and price of the whole equipment can be reduced, and it is particularly suitable for a small refrigerator.

In the above description, the refrigerant is ammonia,
The combination of water and the absorbent may be used, but is not necessarily limited to the combination of ammonia for the refrigerant and water for the absorbent.In addition, the combination of water for the refrigerant and the combination of lithium bromide for the absorbent and the refrigerant Alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, and LiBr, ZnBr2, and LiB as absorbents.
r + ZnBr2 etc., refrigerants such as Freon 22, Freon 134 etc., and E-181 (tetraethylene gl
ycol dimethyl ether), NN-Dimethylformamid (DMF), I
A combination such as sobutylacetet (IBA) and Dibutylphthalete (DBP) may be used.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the structure of a refrigerator using a Peltier device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the refrigerator 2 of the present embodiment
Reference numeral 1 denotes cooling of the cooling chamber 22 mainly by the Peltier device 23 and the Peltier device 2 as in the refrigerator 1 of the first embodiment.
The cooling chamber 22 is cooled by an absorption refrigerator operated using waste heat released from the cooling chamber 22. In addition,
The difference from the refrigerator 1 of the first embodiment is that in the refrigerator 1, a pump 9 a for sending water having an increased ammonia concentration and reduced absorption capacity from the absorber 5 to the generator 8.
Was required but was no longer required; the fact that hydrogen was mixed into the refrigerant ammonia to lower the vaporization temperature of ammonia to increase the cooling effect; and that heat exchange between the evaporator 4 and the cooling chamber 2 was achieved. Directly without using other heat transfer means,
The point is that the heat absorption surface 3a of the Peltier element 3 is not directly provided in the cooling chamber 2 but is cooled through another heat transfer means.

The Peltier element 23 is provided with a separate power supply (not shown), and a heat absorbing surface 23a which absorbs heat by causing a temperature gradient by flowing a current, and a heat radiating device which radiates heat absorbed from the heat absorbing surface 23a. Surface 23b.
On the heat absorbing surface 23a of the Peltier element 23, a cooler 26 that keeps the heat insulation state with the outside is provided.
The bottom surface of the generator 25 is in close contact with the heat radiation surface 23b. The cooling chamber 22 and the cooler 26 are connected by one loop-shaped pipe 24, and a pump 24a is interposed in the middle of the pipe 24, and a Peltier element is used in the pipe 24 by the pump 24a. A brine composed of a calcium chloride solution, a sodium chloride solution or the like as in the case of the refrigerator 1 is circulated. The heat in the cooling chamber 22 is transferred to the cooler 26 through the circulating brine, and is forcibly guided to the generator 25 through the Peltier element 23.

The portion of the pipe 24 interposed in the cooling chamber 22 and the cooler 26 has a meandering heat absorbing portion 24b for increasing the surface area and promoting heat transfer.
The heat radiating portion 24c is provided. The heat transmitted from the heat radiation surface 23b of the Peltier element 23 to the generator 25 is used for the operation of an absorption refrigerator, which will be described later, which is provided to improve cooling efficiency.

That is, the generator 25 contains water as an absorbent whose concentration of ammonia has increased and absorption capacity has decreased, and the ammonia dissolved in the water as the absorbent is cooled by the Peltier element 23 into the cooling chamber. There is an action to vaporize by the heat taken from the 22 chamber. In the figure, the solid arrow 35 indicates the moving location and direction of ammonia. Similarly, the hatched arrow 36 and the white arrow 37 indicate the moving location and direction of water vapor and hydrogen.

In the generator 25, as the ammonia is vaporized, the water vapor is also vaporized and moves to a separator 27 through a pipe 28 rising upward. Above the separator 27,
Further, the pipe 30 rises, changes its direction on the way, and moves downward. In the rising part of the pipe 30,
The steam is cooled and becomes water droplets and is stored in the separator 27. In the middle of the portion of the pipe 30 that changes its direction and is directed downward, there is a portion around which cooling fins are provided, constituting the condenser 29. Further, a trap 29a is formed in the middle of the condenser 29, so that the ammonia cooled in the condenser 29 is liquefied and stays. The tip of the pipe 30 is connected above a single loop-shaped pipe 32.

The pipe 32 is provided with an absorber 33 for evaporating ammonia by an absorption action and an evaporator 32a for absorbing heat from the inside of the cooling chamber 22. A liquid receiving tank 31 for accommodating ammonia water formed by absorbing water with ammonia as an absorbent is connected.

That is, the pipe 32 enters the cooling chamber 22 immediately after the end of the pipe 30 is connected, is drawn out again, and is connected to the liquid receiving tank 31.
Subsequently, a pipe 32 extended from the liquid receiving tank 31 to the outside.
Has reached the point where it is connected to the tip of the pipe 30 again.

The separator 27 is connected by the pipe 27a before the pipe 32 is connected to the end of the pipe 30 again, and the water droplets stored in the separator 27 are discharged through the pipe 27a into the pipe 32. And moves into the liquid receiving tank 31. At this time, the water droplet functions as an absorbent, and the ammonia contained in the trap 29a flows into the pipe 32, is vaporized, and is dissolved in the water droplet.

The water droplets that have become ammonia water flow into the liquid receiving tank 31 and flow into the generator 25 through the pipe 34. The ammonia water that has flowed into the generator 25 is turned into ammonia and water vapor by the heat received from the Peltier element 23 and vaporized, and the same steps as above are repeated.

The absorption of ammonia into the water droplets is carried out from a portion of the pipe 32 where the pipe 27a is connected to the liquid receiving tank 31. At this time, heat is generated. In this section, cooling fins similar to the condenser 29 are provided around the section, and heat is radiated by air cooling. That is, this part is the absorber 33.

The pipe 30 inside the pipe 32
The portion from the position immediately after the connection to the liquid receiving tank 31 requires the latent heat associated with the vaporization of ammonia, and thus has the largest heat absorbing effect. A part of this part is housed in the cooling chamber 22 and serves as an evaporator 32a that absorbs heat in the chamber. In particular, the evaporator 32a
Are meandering to promote heat transfer.

Further, inside the pipe 32, hydrogen 37
And hydrogen hardly dissolves in the water, but circulates inside the pipe 32 in the direction of the arrow 37. In other words, immediately after receiving the water droplets from the separator 27 inside the pipe 32, the heat generated by the absorption of the ammonia increases the temperature as compared with the other portions, and has the function of raising the hydrogen. Immediately after the ammonia enters and evaporates, the temperature becomes lower than that of the other portions, and has a function of lowering the hydrogen. Therefore, hydrogen circulates in the pipe 32 in a certain direction. Since the circulating hydrogen has a lower vaporization temperature than ammonia, it has an effect of promoting the vaporization of ammonia at a lower temperature when mixed with ammonia. The hydrogen circulating in this way acts as a pump for circulating ammonia.

As described above, the refrigerator 21 of the present embodiment is
As with the refrigerator 1 of the first embodiment, the Peltier device 2
In addition to the cooling performed by the cooling unit 3, the cooling efficiency is improved by performing absorption cooling using an absorption refrigerator that utilizes waste heat released from the Peltier element 23,
With the refrigerator 1 of the first embodiment, water having an increased ammonia concentration and reduced absorption capacity is supplied from the absorber 33 to the generator 25.
The need for a pump to feed air into the refrigerant, the fact that hydrogen is mixed into the refrigerant ammonia to lower the vaporization temperature of ammonia and enhance the cooling effect, and the heat exchange between the evaporator 32a and the cooling chamber 22 The point that the heat absorption is performed directly without using other heat transfer means, and the heat absorption surface 3a of the Peltier element 23 is directly connected to the cooling chamber 2
2 in that cooling is performed through another heat transfer means instead of being provided in the heat transfer means 2.

Therefore, the refrigerator 21 of the present embodiment is
In addition to the operation and effect of the refrigerator 1 of the first embodiment, the water having the increased ammonia concentration and the reduced absorption capacity is supplied to the absorber 33.
Since a pump for feeding into the generator 25 is unnecessary, the weight and cost of the entire facility are reduced. Since hydrogen is mixed into the refrigerant ammonia to lower the vaporization temperature of the ammonia and enhance the cooling effect, the performance as a refrigerator is improved. Since the heat exchange between the evaporator 32a and the cooling chamber 22 is directly performed without using any other heat transfer means, not only the loss generated when the heat transfer means is performed but also the weight of the entire equipment is reduced. And cost reduction. Since the heat absorption surface 3a of the Peltier element 23 is not directly provided in the cooling chamber 22 but is cooled through another heat transfer means, the heat insulating property of the cooling chamber 22 is improved.

In the above description, the refrigerant is ammonia,
It is a combination of water and absorbent, but it is not necessarily limited to the combination of ammonia for refrigerant and water for absorbent.In addition, the combination of water for refrigerant and lithium bromide for absorbent, Alcohols such as methanol and ethanol as refrigerants and LiBr, ZnBr2 and LiB as absorbents
r + ZnBr2 etc., refrigerants such as Freon 22, Freon 134 etc., and E-181 (tetraethylene gl
ycol dimethyl ether), NN-Dimethylformamid (DMF), I
A combination such as sobutylacetet (IBA) and Dibutylphthalete (DBP) may be used.

In the above description, a predetermined amount of hydrogen is mixed in the circulation route of ammonia of the refrigerant. However, it is not always necessary to mix hydrogen, and only ammonia may be used. However, it is preferable that hydrogen is mixed in the ammonia of the refrigerant because the vaporization temperature of the ammonia can be reduced and the cooling temperature of the object to be cooled can be further reduced.

In each of the above embodiments, the cooling room for the object to be cooled may be inside the refrigerator. However, the cooling room is not necessarily limited to the refrigerator. May be a room.

[0055]

As described above, the refrigerator using the Peltier device according to the first aspect of the present invention not only cools the object to be cooled by the Peltier device but also removes the heat absorbed from the object to be cooled by the Peltier device. The refrigerant dissolved in the absorbent is vaporized, and the vaporized refrigerant is liquefied by the condenser, stored in the evaporator connected in an airtight state with the absorber containing the absorbent, and the absorbent in the absorber is removed. It is vaporized again by the absorption power and takes more heat from the object to be cooled through the heat transfer means, so the heat absorbed from the object to be cooled, which has been conventionally discarded as waste heat, contributes to the cooling of the object to be cooled. Efficiency is improved. In other words, the process of reusing the waste heat accompanying the cooling of the Peltier element constitutes an absorption refrigerator, and the cooling efficiency is improved by the amount cooled by the absorption refrigerator. In particular, the cooling efficiency of the Peltier device is 1
The cooling efficiency by the absorption refrigerator is 70% at the maximum, and in addition to 150% of the cooling efficiency by the Peltier element, the waste heat by the Peltier element is approximately 7%.
It is possible to improve the cooling efficiency by 0%.

The refrigerator using the Peltier element according to the second aspect of the present invention has the effect that, in addition to the effect of the refrigerator using the Peltier element according to the first aspect, the temperature at which the ammonia evaporates can be used as the refrigerant of the absorption refrigerator. Among them, it belongs to the relatively lower category and can be cooled to a relatively low temperature, so that a refrigerator having a higher refrigerating capacity can be obtained. Further, even at a relatively low temperature of 60 ° C. at 1 atm, the concentration of ammonia, which is a refrigerant, with respect to water, which is an absorbent, is expressed by a mass ratio of 2
Since the gas can be vaporized to 0% or less, the cooling operation can be sufficiently performed even with relatively low temperature waste heat as a heat source used for the generator. Furthermore, the combination of water for the absorbent and ammonia for the refrigerant is the most suitable condition for air-cooling the absorber and condenser compared to the combination of other substances, so the cooling means is simplified. Therefore, the weight and price of the entire equipment can be reduced, and it is particularly suitable for a small-scale refrigerator.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a structure of a refrigerator using a Peltier device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a structure of a refrigerator using a Peltier device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Refrigerator 2 Cooling room 3 Peltier element 3a Heat absorption surface 3b Heat radiation surface 4 Evaporator 5 Absorber 8 Generator 11 Heat exchanger 12 Condenser 14 Rectifier 21 Refrigerator 22 Cooling room 23 Peltier element 23a Heat absorption surface 23b Heat radiation surface Reference Signs List 25 generator 26 cooler 27 separator 29 condenser 31 liquid receiving tank 32a evaporator 33 absorber

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A Peltier device that absorbs heat from an object to be cooled, a generator that vaporizes a refrigerant in which heat released from a heat radiation side of the Peltier device is dissolved in an absorbent into a heat source, and that is vaporized by the generator. A condenser that liquefies the refrigerant that has been liquefied, an absorber that contains an absorbent in which the refrigerant is vaporized and concentrated by the generator, and an absorber that contains the refrigerant that is liquefied by the condenser and is airtight with the outside. A refrigerator using a Peltier device, comprising: a connected evaporator; and heat transfer means for exchanging heat between the object to be cooled and the evaporator. 2. The refrigerator using a Peltier device according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant is ammonia and the absorbent is water.