WO2011102777A1 - Current control device, a charging station, and a method therefor - Google Patents

Current control device, a charging station, and a method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011102777A1
WO2011102777A1 PCT/SE2011/000034 SE2011000034W WO2011102777A1 WO 2011102777 A1 WO2011102777 A1 WO 2011102777A1 SE 2011000034 W SE2011000034 W SE 2011000034W WO 2011102777 A1 WO2011102777 A1 WO 2011102777A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
current
control device
sockets
loading
preferential
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2011/000034
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2011102777A8 (en
Inventor
Ragnar Gustafsson
Stefan Gabrielsson
Patrik Lindergren
Original Assignee
Chargestorm Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chargestorm Ab filed Critical Chargestorm Ab
Publication of WO2011102777A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011102777A1/en
Publication of WO2011102777A8 publication Critical patent/WO2011102777A8/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/63—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H02J7/0027—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/50—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads
    • H02J2310/56—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load for selectively controlling the operation of the loads characterised by the condition upon which the selective controlling is based
    • H02J2310/58—The condition being electrical
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to charging stations and more particularly to a current control device for a charging station.
  • the operating temperature of a combustion engine is about 90° C. Even during a warm day the combustion engine will not be warmer than about 30° C during start up. At -20° C a combustion engine may consume as much as 80 liters per 100 kilometers. The consumption during starting temperatures is generally very bad and will thereby generate a substantially increased exhaust. By utilization of engine pre-heaters, the starting temperature of an engine can be increased. Both economical and environmental profits are substantial by increased utilization of engine pre-heaters.
  • a problem with utilization of a charging station in connection with other equipment is that the charging station may in the short term consume a lot of power, which generally is solved by increasing the allowed rate of a main fuse, but it is very costly to have a high- rated main fuse for only short-term loading.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a control to a charging station, which charging station can be provided in connection with other loads having higher priority .
  • the current control device for a charging station having a preferential load and a plurality of sockets
  • the current control device comprising current measurement means for measuring a preferential loading current, control means for controlling the plurality of sockets and an emergency circuit -breaker, wherein the control means is adapted to control a current loading the plurality of sockets in dependence of the preferential loading current, sporadic high loads can be managed at a charging station while maintaining operation of a prioritized load.
  • total allowable current for the plurality of sockets is equal to a rated current of a main fuse for a main loading current minus actual current in the preferential load.
  • total allowable current for the plurality of sockets is equal to a rated current of a main fuse for a main loading current minus actual current in the preferential load plus allowable momentary over- current for the main fuse .
  • the total allowable current is determined separately for each socket .
  • the emergency circuit -breaker is preferably arranged to disconnect all sockets from a main loading current when one separate phase, in a three-phase system, is overloaded.
  • the emergency circuit -breaker is preferably arranged to disconnect one separate phase, in a three-phase system, when that main phase is overloaded .
  • control means is preferably adapted to firstly control one or more of the sockets to limit their respective load to not overload a main fuse for a main loading current and to secondly control the emergency circuit-breaker when the main fuse is overloaded.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a charging station comprising a current control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows a method for current control of a charging station according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows a charging station comprising a current control device, including an emergency circuit - breaker according, according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the charging station comprises a main fuse 1, a preferential load 4, a plurality of sockets 5-8, and the current control device.
  • the current control device includes current measurement means 2 and an emergency circuit-breaker 3.
  • the charging station is e.g. a parking area outside a mall, wherein the mall is the preferential load.
  • the current control device is arranged to measure a preferential loading current flowing to the preferential load 4, which preferential loading current at least partly loads the main fuse 1 for a power supply to a user installation.
  • the current is measured in an appropriate conventional way.
  • the current flowing through the main fuse 1 is due to loading from the preferential load 4 and loading from the plurality of sockets 5-8.
  • the emergency circuit -breaker 3 is e.g. implemented by means of a relay switch.
  • Each socket 5-8 comprises one of the following devices: a controllable three-phase charging socket; a controllable three-phase socket; an uncontrollable three-phase charging socket; an uncontrollable three-phase socket; a controllable one-phase charging socket; a controllable one-phase socket; an uncontrollable one-phase charging socket; an uncontrollable one-phase socket.
  • the current control device monitors 9 the current flowing to the preferential load 4.
  • the current control device then distributes current consumption rights to the sockets, equal to the difference between the rated current of the main fuse 1 and the current currently flowing to the preferential load 4.
  • temporal overloading of the rated current of main fuse 1 is distributed, taking into account expected properties of the fuse.
  • the current control device then monitors the current flowing to the sockets, to secure that the current consumption rights are not exceeded. If the current flowing to the sockets exceeds the current consumption rights the emergency circuit -breaker is requested to break the current to the plurality of sockets. Also, if a socket does not consume its distributed current, redistribution of that right is performed . Reset of the emergency circuit -breaker is preferably performed when available current is enough for expected loading of at least one controllable socket.
  • charging socket is meant a connector adapted for charging a PHEV.
  • socket is meant a regular connector e.g. for connection of a pre-heater or other vehicle mounted current consumer such as coupe cooling.
  • a typical electrical engine pre-heater with a coupe fan is connected to a single phase and consumes about 2 kW corresponding to approximately 10 A.
  • a typical PHEV is connected to a single phase and controllably consumes between 2-3 kW, corresponding to 10-14 A.
  • a suggested future quick charging standard for electrical vehicles is connected to three phases and controllably consumes up to 43 kW, corresponding to 63 A.
  • the today highest rated end fuse for a 400 V system in Sweden is 216 A.
  • the current control device monitors the main loading current flowing through the main fuse.
  • the plurality of sockets comprises a controllable load
  • one or more of these controllable loads are requested to reduce its respective load.
  • the emergency circuit -breaker is requested to break the current to the plurality of sockets.
  • FIG. 3 A second embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 3, which is identical with the first embodiment of the present invention described above apart from that the emergency circuit -breaker is comprised within the current control device 2, and also that the figure illustrates the three phases of the power grid separately from each other, for lines la, lb and lc respectively.
  • Loading equipment 13 illustrates a controllable three- phase charging socket.
  • Loading equipment 14 illustrates a controllable three-phase socket.
  • Loading equipment 15 illustrates a controllable one-phase socket connected to line a.
  • Loading equipment 16 illustrates a controllable one-phase socket connected to line b.
  • Loading equipment 17 illustrates an uncontrollable one-phase socket connected to line c.
  • Loading equipment 18 illustrates a controllable one-phase charging socket connected to line a.
  • Loading equipment 19 illustrates an uncontrollable one-phase charging socket connected to line b.
  • Loading equipment 20 illustrates a controllable one-phase socket connected to line c.
  • Loading equipment 21 illustrates an uncontrollable three-phase socket.
  • the emergency circuit-breaker preferably disconnects all three phases at the same time. However, e.g. when only one-phase sockets are used in a charging station the emergency circuit -breaker disconnects a single phase when overloaded. Reset of the emergency circuit -breaker works in a corresponding way.
  • Fig. 4 shows a vehicle charging communication interface 41.
  • a charging station socket 42 and a single vehicle socket 43 are shown.
  • the current consumption of the charging station is controlled by a CP-pin, Control Pilot signal pin 45. By this signal, the onboard charger or the external charger can be controlled.
  • the current control device includes a charge grid controller (not shown) calculating a value for the vehicle. Such value is used to control the current provided to the vehicle to be charged. The value is calculated from data regarding the current load situation in the specific charging station. Such data may be capacity of a main fuse 1 for the system as a whole as well and present load current delivered to a preferential load 4 comprised in the system, and the current capacity of a vehicle charging cable used.
  • a Proximity Pin PP 44 also known as Plug Present, provides information of the current capacity of the vehicle charging cable. According to standard IEC 62196- 2, this pin 44 shall be present in current charging devices for vehicles; a resistor is connected to the pin 44 at both connectors of the cable, and the size of such resistor corresponds to the current capability of the present cable connected between the vehicle socket 43 and the charging station socket 42. Thereby, the current capacity of the present cable is provided to the current control device.
  • the charging current actually delivered to the vehicle by the current control device is thus taking into account the current available depending on other, preferential loads in the system, and the maximum current that may be delivered via the vehicle charging cable used.
  • connection 46 The power transmission between the charging station and the vehicle is achieved via a connection 46.
  • connection may comprise 3-5 connectors, connected to a 400V AC power system.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a current control device (2, 3) for a charging station having a preferential load (4) and a plurality of sockets (5-8; 13-21). The current control device comprises current measurement means for measuring a preferential loading current, control means for controlling the plurality of sockets and an emergency circuit-breaker (3), wherein the control means is adapted to control a current loading the plurality of sockets in dependence of the preferential loading current.

Description

CURRENT CONTROL DEVICE , A CHARGING STATION, AND A METHOD THEREFOR
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to charging stations and more particularly to a current control device for a charging station.
BACKGROUND
The operating temperature of a combustion engine is about 90° C. Even during a warm day the combustion engine will not be warmer than about 30° C during start up. At -20° C a combustion engine may consume as much as 80 liters per 100 kilometers. The consumption during starting temperatures is generally very bad and will thereby generate a substantially increased exhaust. By utilization of engine pre-heaters, the starting temperature of an engine can be increased. Both economical and environmental profits are substantial by increased utilization of engine pre-heaters.
Charging stations for vehicles will be a more common occurrence in the future, with the introduction of electrical vehicles and so called plug-in electrical hybrid vehicles (PHEV) . In Scandinavia, and in other cold winter areas, there is already a widespread use of electrical engine pre-heaters. Such stations can advantageously be used and expanded to be able to support more vehicles as the demand for charging stations will be increased for parked vehicles.
For a foreseeable future, electrical vehicles will have limited action range and need frequent charging. A problem with utilization of a charging station in connection with other equipment is that the charging station may in the short term consume a lot of power, which generally is solved by increasing the allowed rate of a main fuse, but it is very costly to have a high- rated main fuse for only short-term loading.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide a control to a charging station, which charging station can be provided in connection with other loads having higher priority .
This object, among others, is according to the present invention attained by a current control device, a charging station and a current control method, respectively, as defined by the appended claims.
By providing a current control device for a charging station having a preferential load and a plurality of sockets, the current control device comprising current measurement means for measuring a preferential loading current, control means for controlling the plurality of sockets and an emergency circuit -breaker, wherein the control means is adapted to control a current loading the plurality of sockets in dependence of the preferential loading current, sporadic high loads can be managed at a charging station while maintaining operation of a prioritized load.
Preferably, for each separate phase in a three-phase system, total allowable current for the plurality of sockets is equal to a rated current of a main fuse for a main loading current minus actual current in the preferential load. Alternatively, for each separate phase in a three-phase system, total allowable current for the plurality of sockets is equal to a rated current of a main fuse for a main loading current minus actual current in the preferential load plus allowable momentary over- current for the main fuse .
Advantageously, the total allowable current is determined separately for each socket .
The emergency circuit -breaker is preferably arranged to disconnect all sockets from a main loading current when one separate phase, in a three-phase system, is overloaded. Alternatively, the emergency circuit -breaker is preferably arranged to disconnect one separate phase, in a three-phase system, when that main phase is overloaded .
With controllable socket loads, the control means is preferably adapted to firstly control one or more of the sockets to limit their respective load to not overload a main fuse for a main loading current and to secondly control the emergency circuit-breaker when the main fuse is overloaded.
Further preferred embodiments are defined by the dependent claims .
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The present invention will become more fully understood from the detailed description of embodiments given below and the accompanying drawings, which are given by way of illustration only, and thus, are not limitative to the present invention, in which:
Fig. 1 schematically shows a charging station comprising a current control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 schematically shows a method for current control of a charging station according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 schematically shows a charging station comprising a current control device, including an emergency circuit - breaker according, according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
In the following description, for purpose of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular techniques and applications in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent for a person skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed description of well-known methods and apparatuses are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present invention with unnecessary details.
A current control device for a charging station according to the present invention will now be described with reference to Figs. 1-2.
The charging station comprises a main fuse 1, a preferential load 4, a plurality of sockets 5-8, and the current control device. The current control device includes current measurement means 2 and an emergency circuit-breaker 3. The charging station is e.g. a parking area outside a mall, wherein the mall is the preferential load.
The current control device is arranged to measure a preferential loading current flowing to the preferential load 4, which preferential loading current at least partly loads the main fuse 1 for a power supply to a user installation. The current is measured in an appropriate conventional way. The current flowing through the main fuse 1 is due to loading from the preferential load 4 and loading from the plurality of sockets 5-8.
The emergency circuit -breaker 3 is e.g. implemented by means of a relay switch.
Each socket 5-8 comprises one of the following devices: a controllable three-phase charging socket; a controllable three-phase socket; an uncontrollable three-phase charging socket; an uncontrollable three-phase socket; a controllable one-phase charging socket; a controllable one-phase socket; an uncontrollable one-phase charging socket; an uncontrollable one-phase socket.
During operation the current control device monitors 9 the current flowing to the preferential load 4. The current control device then distributes current consumption rights to the sockets, equal to the difference between the rated current of the main fuse 1 and the current currently flowing to the preferential load 4. Alternatively, temporal overloading of the rated current of main fuse 1 is distributed, taking into account expected properties of the fuse. The current control device then monitors the current flowing to the sockets, to secure that the current consumption rights are not exceeded. If the current flowing to the sockets exceeds the current consumption rights the emergency circuit -breaker is requested to break the current to the plurality of sockets. Also, if a socket does not consume its distributed current, redistribution of that right is performed . Reset of the emergency circuit -breaker is preferably performed when available current is enough for expected loading of at least one controllable socket.
By the term charging socket is meant a connector adapted for charging a PHEV. By the term socket is meant a regular connector e.g. for connection of a pre-heater or other vehicle mounted current consumer such as coupe cooling. A typical electrical engine pre-heater with a coupe fan is connected to a single phase and consumes about 2 kW corresponding to approximately 10 A. A typical PHEV is connected to a single phase and controllably consumes between 2-3 kW, corresponding to 10-14 A. A suggested future quick charging standard for electrical vehicles is connected to three phases and controllably consumes up to 43 kW, corresponding to 63 A. The today highest rated end fuse for a 400 V system in Sweden is 216 A.
During a variant of operation the current control device monitors the main loading current flowing through the main fuse. When the total load of the charging station draws a current equal to or above the rated current of main fuse, and the plurality of sockets comprises a controllable load, one or more of these controllable loads are requested to reduce its respective load. When the plurality of sockets does not comprise a controllable load, or when the possible reduction of load is not enough to reduce the main current below the rated current, the emergency circuit -breaker is requested to break the current to the plurality of sockets.
A second embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 3, which is identical with the first embodiment of the present invention described above apart from that the emergency circuit -breaker is comprised within the current control device 2, and also that the figure illustrates the three phases of the power grid separately from each other, for lines la, lb and lc respectively.
Loading equipment 13 illustrates a controllable three- phase charging socket. Loading equipment 14 illustrates a controllable three-phase socket. Loading equipment 15 illustrates a controllable one-phase socket connected to line a. Loading equipment 16 illustrates a controllable one-phase socket connected to line b. Loading equipment 17 illustrates an uncontrollable one-phase socket connected to line c. Loading equipment 18 illustrates a controllable one-phase charging socket connected to line a. Loading equipment 19 illustrates an uncontrollable one-phase charging socket connected to line b. Loading equipment 20 illustrates a controllable one-phase socket connected to line c. Loading equipment 21 illustrates an uncontrollable three-phase socket.
The emergency circuit-breaker preferably disconnects all three phases at the same time. However, e.g. when only one-phase sockets are used in a charging station the emergency circuit -breaker disconnects a single phase when overloaded. Reset of the emergency circuit -breaker works in a corresponding way.
Fig. 4 shows a vehicle charging communication interface 41. A charging station socket 42 and a single vehicle socket 43 are shown. The current consumption of the charging station is controlled by a CP-pin, Control Pilot signal pin 45. By this signal, the onboard charger or the external charger can be controlled. The current control device includes a charge grid controller (not shown) calculating a value for the vehicle. Such value is used to control the current provided to the vehicle to be charged. The value is calculated from data regarding the current load situation in the specific charging station. Such data may be capacity of a main fuse 1 for the system as a whole as well and present load current delivered to a preferential load 4 comprised in the system, and the current capacity of a vehicle charging cable used. A Proximity Pin PP 44, also known as Plug Present, provides information of the current capacity of the vehicle charging cable. According to standard IEC 62196- 2, this pin 44 shall be present in current charging devices for vehicles; a resistor is connected to the pin 44 at both connectors of the cable, and the size of such resistor corresponds to the current capability of the present cable connected between the vehicle socket 43 and the charging station socket 42. Thereby, the current capacity of the present cable is provided to the current control device.
The charging current actually delivered to the vehicle by the current control device is thus taking into account the current available depending on other, preferential loads in the system, and the maximum current that may be delivered via the vehicle charging cable used.
The power transmission between the charging station and the vehicle is achieved via a connection 46. Such connection may comprise 3-5 connectors, connected to a 400V AC power system. It will be obvious that the present invention may be varied in a plurality of ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as departure from the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. All such variations as would be obvious for a person skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A current control device (2, 3) for a charging station having a preferential load (4) and a plurality of sockets (5-8; 13-21) , said current control device comprising current measurement means for measuring a preferential loading current, control means for controlling said plurality of sockets and an emergency circuit -breaker (3) , characterized in that said control means is adapted to control a current loading said plurality of sockets in dependence of said preferential loading current.
2. The current control device according to claim 1, wherein, for each separate phase in a three-phase system, total allowable current for said plurality of sockets is equal to a rated current of a main fuse for a main loading current minus actual current in said preferential load .
3. The current control device according to claim 1, wherein, for each separate phase in a three-phase system, total allowable current for said plurality of sockets is equal to a rated current of a main fuse for a main loading current minus actual current in said preferential load plus allowable momentary over-current for said main fuse .
4. The current control device according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein said total allowable current is determined separately for each socket .
5. The current control device according to any of claims 1-4, wherein said emergency circuit -breaker is arranged to disconnect all sockets from a main loading current when one separate phase, in a three-phase system, is overloaded .
6. The current control device according to any of claims 1-4, wherein said emergency circuit -breaker is arranged to disconnect one separate phase, in a three-phase system, when that main phase is overloaded.
7. The current control device according to any of claims 1-6, wherein said control means is adapted to firstly control one or more of the sockets to limit their respective load to not overload a main fuse for a main loading current and to secondly control said emergency circuit -breaker when said main fuse is overloaded.
8. The current control device according to any of claims 1-7, wherein said charging station is connected to a 400 V three-phase system.
9. A charging station comprising a preferential load, a plurality of sockets and a current control device according to any previous claim.
10. A method for current control in a charging station comprising a preferential load, a plurality of sockets and a current control, comprising the steps of:
measuring (9) a preferential loading current ; controlling (11) loading of said plurality of sockets in dependence (10) of said preferential loading current; and controlling (12) an emergency circuit -breaker in dependence (10) of said preferential loading current.
PCT/SE2011/000034 2010-02-22 2011-02-21 Current control device, a charging station, and a method therefor WO2011102777A1 (en)

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SE1000171A SE1000171A1 (en) 2010-02-22 2010-02-22 Device for controlling current, charging station and a method therefor
SE1000171-7 2010-02-22

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WO2013111127A1 (en) * 2012-01-26 2013-08-01 Better Place GmbH Charge spot device for charging electric vehicles
FR3011137A1 (en) * 2013-09-26 2015-03-27 Legrand France ELECTRICAL PLUG COMPRISING IDENTIFICATION MEANS AND ASSOCIATED CUTTING MEANS
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