WO2011089182A1 - Battery system with a heat-storage plate - Google Patents

Battery system with a heat-storage plate Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011089182A1
WO2011089182A1 PCT/EP2011/050747 EP2011050747W WO2011089182A1 WO 2011089182 A1 WO2011089182 A1 WO 2011089182A1 EP 2011050747 W EP2011050747 W EP 2011050747W WO 2011089182 A1 WO2011089182 A1 WO 2011089182A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat storage
battery system
ceramic
storage plate
batteries
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/050747
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas Woehrle
Werner Denninger
Dieter Schmidt
Rainer Kern
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Sb Limotive Company Ltd.
Sb Limotive Germany Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh, Sb Limotive Company Ltd., Sb Limotive Germany Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority to EP11700559A priority Critical patent/EP2526579A1/en
Publication of WO2011089182A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011089182A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H01M10/6555—Rods or plates arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/291—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/293—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by the material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a battery system which comprises a plurality of batteries, wherein between at least two of the batteries at least one heat storage plate is arranged, the material of which essentially comprises ceramic.
  • a battery in relation to the present invention is meant not only a system of a plurality of galvanic cells connected in parallel or in series, but with a battery may also mean a single cell.
  • FIG. 4 shows the conventional assembly of individual batteries 10.
  • a battery 10 may comprise one or more battery cells, as shown in the uppermost illustration in FIG.
  • a battery system 1 wherein the individual batteries 10 or battery cells are arranged as compact as possible.
  • a battery system 1 is also called a battery module.
  • battery systems 1 or battery modules can be combined to form a battery pack 2, as can be seen from the bottom view of FIG.
  • the illustrated arrangement of batteries 10 or battery cells to battery modules and / or battery packs is customary in particular for lithium-ion batteries or for lithium-ion battery cells.
  • Battery cells composed of batteries are widely known. It is under a battery cell as well as under one of battery cells together. each set battery to understand an accumulator that is electrically charged and discharged again.
  • the battery cell is a single galvanic cell, which provides a characteristic voltage depending on the combination of the materials of the electrodes of the cell. To build a battery of several battery cells, they are electrically connected in series or in parallel.
  • lithium-ion batteries are known which are used as rechargeable energy stores, in particular in mobile devices and devices.
  • Lithium-ion batteries are also used in the automotive sector, where they are used, for example, in hybrid and electric vehicles. Particularly in this area, the highest demands are placed on the safety of lithium-ion batteries.
  • Lithium-ion batteries and lithium-ion polymer batteries may exhibit abnormal behavior such as charger failure and overcharging, or abuse or momentum due to an accident resulting in deformation and / or entry a mechanical tension, as in an accident, heat up more or less quickly.
  • the reason for this is internal short circuits, which inevitably lead to temperature increases in the cell. These may cause the
  • lithium-ion batteries are usually assembled into a so-called module, as already described in relation to FIG. As a rule, between the lithium
  • Ion batteries arranged cooling plates. Although a portion of the amount of heat generated by the batteries can be dissipated with these cooling plates, the cooling plates can practically not prevent an adjacent battery, to a certain extent and in the event of an uncontrollable overheating ("thermal runaway") of a battery Transfer of heat, flames or fire is also driven into an uncontrollable overheating.
  • DE 101 34 145 A1 describes a fire-retardant battery housing whose wall comprises a composite material of a first layer, such as steel, and a second layer containing a thermally active material.
  • a battery system which comprises a plurality of batteries, wherein between at least two of the batteries at least one heat storage plate is arranged, the material of which essentially comprises a ceramic-based material.
  • the individual batteries of the battery system can each be formed from only one battery cell or multiple battery cells.
  • the battery cells are lithium-ion cells. It is inventively provided that the two lateral surfaces of the heat storage plate are formed substantially by the ceramic material.
  • Ceramics consist of inorganic materials and can generally first be shaped with the addition of water at room temperature and then dried and cured or sintered in a subsequent firing process above 1 173 K.
  • ceramic also includes materials based on oxides and thus also silicon dioxide (Si0 2 ) or silicates.
  • the individual batteries of the battery system or battery module are usually connected in series or in parallel.
  • the heat storage plate preferably contacts the large side surfaces of the usually prismatically designed battery body.
  • the heat storage plate has substantially the shape of a plate having a shape approximate to a flat surface. That is, the two large side surfaces of the heat storage plate are substantially larger than the surfaces forming the periphery of the heat storage plate.
  • the ceramic material preferably forms the entire surfaces of the side surfaces.
  • the heat storage plate according to the invention thus functions according to the system of heat tiles. Such heat tiles are known from application to spacecraft. They have the advantage that they can store extreme heat with a temperature of over 1473 K inside. Consequently, this heat can not be transferred to nearby aggregates.
  • the inventive arrangement of the ceramic material on both sides of the heat storage plate can be heat input into the heat storage plate from both sides.
  • the advantage of the invention is in particular that the arrangement of the heat storage plate due to their large heat storage capacity heat transfer from a battery to an adjacent battery can be prevented, no matter in which direction the heat flow.
  • the ceramic-containing material is a silicon ceramic or a boron ceramic or an aluminum ceramic.
  • the ceramic content of the heat storage plate material should be at least 60%. Such a mass fraction causes a sufficient heat storage capacity at low material and manufacturing costs.
  • the ceramic content of the heat storage plate material should be at least 80%.
  • the material according to the invention is a ceramic silicate or a silicon dioxide.
  • the ceramic material may also be an aluminum oxide such as Al 2 O 3 .
  • Such materials have particularly good heat storage capabilities and can be processed with relatively low production costs to sufficiently thin heat storage plates, so that a module assembled from individual batteries with such heat storage plates has a low space requirement. It also makes sense that a heat storage plate made of ceramic consists of glass ceramic.
  • the heat storage plate is made entirely of the ceramic material. That is, for example, no intermediate layer of another material is disposed between the outer surfaces comprising the ceramic-containing material.
  • the heat storage plate can thus be constructed exclusively of ceramic-containing material, wherein optionally provided on the heat storage plate holders for mechanical fastening, which may be made of a different material. That is, the static strength of such a heat storage plate is applied solely by the ceramic-containing material must be and no reinforcing elements are arranged in the heat storage plate.
  • Flow is arranged with a medium, in particular a cooling liquid.
  • a medium in particular a cooling liquid.
  • Heat storage plate arranged channels can be derived. Such a heat storage plate thus serves not only to prevent a thermal chain reaction, but also for normal cooling of the batteries during operation.
  • the invention prevents heat and / or flames emanating from a first battery, be forwarded to an adjacent battery and thus also provoke an uncontrollable overheating in the adjacent battery.
  • the battery system according to the invention may further be equipped with at least one substantially configured as a bottom plate cooling system with channels for flow with a medium, the medium may be in particular a cooling liquid and the batteries are placed on the formed as a bottom plate cooling system.
  • the liquid-cooled heat storage plates and designed as a cooling system bottom plate advantageously the cooling channels of heat storage plate and bottom plate are connected together in a line system.
  • the bottom plate is preferably made of aluminum or a suitable alloy. In particular, in fluid-technical connection of heat storage plates and bottom plate they are mechanically attached to each other.
  • the heat storage plate On its side facing the bottom plate on a foot area, whose
  • Base area is greater than a cross-sectional area of the heat storage plate in an over the foot area parallel to the surface of the bottom plate extending plane.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous if the battery system has a housing surrounding the batteries at least partially, wherein at least one heat storage plate is arranged on a housing wall or these forms.
  • the heat storage plate according to the invention is not only provided for the arrangement between individual batteries or battery cells, but that they can also form parts of a housing or a complete housing, so that generated by a battery system heat can be stored in the heat storage plates and not for heating and / or ignition of adjacent battery systems or items.
  • FIG. 2 shows a battery system with heat storage plates in front view
  • Figure 3 shows a battery system in an exploded view
  • Figure 4 conventional assembly of batteries.
  • a battery system 1 has a plurality of individual batteries 10, which in a preferred embodiment are prismatic and have terminals 12 on their upper sides. It means batteries with the batteries shown here, which may be off one or more individual cells. In particular, the batteries may be lithium-ion batteries.
  • the heat storage plates 20 are arranged. It can be seen that the heat storage plates 20 contact the side surfaces 1 1 of the batteries 10 directly. Thereby, the introduction of heat from the batteries 10 is facilitated in the heat storage plates 20, so that from the batteries 10 through the side surfaces 1 1 emitted heat can be stored mainly by the heat storage plates 20 and prevents that in an uncontrolled heating of one of the batteries Heat can also heat an adjacent battery so that their heating process is no longer controllable. That is, by the heat storage plates 20 according to the invention and their arrangement between the batteries 10, a thermal chain reaction within the battery system 1 is prevented.
  • the lateral surface 21 of the heat storage plate 20 over the entire surface of the side surface 1 1 of the battery 10 comes to rest.
  • the heat storage plates 20 are preferably made entirely from the ceramic-containing material, so that heat can be introduced into the heat storage plate 20 through both lateral surfaces 21. This means that heat can be absorbed effectively on both sides by the heat storage plate 20 and heat in a relatively short time since no insulating intermediate layers or outer layers are arranged on the heat storage plate 20.
  • the battery system 1 can also be clad on the respective outer batteries 10 or on their side surfaces 11 with heat storage plates 20, as can be seen in particular from FIG.
  • a thermal chain reaction due to heat transfer from a battery system to a further battery system assembled in a package can be avoided.
  • the heat storage plates 20 may be equipped with channels, not shown here, through which a medium, in particular cooling liquid, is conductive, so that in the heat storage plates 20 stored heat via the medium can be derived. Such heat storage plates 20 can thus not only for Heat storage, but also for normal cooling of the battery system use.
  • the batteries 10 of the battery system 1 can be placed on a bottom plate 24, which also (not shown) cooling ducts for conducting a
  • Ends have one or more foot portions 22 which contact the bottom plate 24 thermally conductive via their base surfaces 23.
  • the foot portions 22 may also serve for the mechanical attachment of the heat storage plates 20 on the bottom plate 24.
  • the heat storage plates 20 can be fixed to the bottom plate 24, whereby automatically arranged between the heat storage plates 20 batteries 10 are also fixed at least in a translatory degree of freedom.
  • the base surfaces 23 of the foot portions 22 are designed to be substantially larger than the cross-sectional areas of the heat storage plates 20 in a plane parallel to the bottom plate 24 level. This serves in particular for the large-area contacting of the heat storage plates
  • the foot portions 22 are not only arranged on cooling plates without heat storage plates 20, but it can be provided that in the heat storage plates 20, the foot portions 22 are combined with the cooling channels ,

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery system (1) comprising a plurality of batteries (10), wherein at least one heat-storage plate (20) is arranged between at least two of the batteries (10), the material of said heat-storage plate substantially comprising ceramic. According to the invention, the two lateral surfaces (21) of the heat-storage plate (20) are formed substantially by the ceramic-containing material.

Description

Beschreibung  description
Titel title
Batteriesvstem mit Wärmespeicherplatte  Battery system with heat storage plate
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Batteriesystem, welches eine Mehrzahl von Batterien umfasst, wobei zwischen wenigstens zwei der Batterien wenigstens eine Wärmespeicherplatte angeordnet ist, deren Material im Wesentlichen Keramik aufweist. The present invention relates to a battery system which comprises a plurality of batteries, wherein between at least two of the batteries at least one heat storage plate is arranged, the material of which essentially comprises ceramic.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Mit einer Batterie ist in Bezug zur vorliegenden Erfindung nicht nur ein System aus mehreren parallel oder in Reihe geschalteter galvanischen Zellen gemeint, sondern mit einer Batterie kann auch eine einzelne Zelle gemeint sein. By a battery in relation to the present invention is meant not only a system of a plurality of galvanic cells connected in parallel or in series, but with a battery may also mean a single cell.
Figur 4 zeigt die herkömmliche Assemblierung von einzelnen Batterien 10. Eine Batterie 10 kann eine oder mehrere Batteriezellen umfassen, wie in der obersten Darstellung in Figur 4 gezeigt.  FIG. 4 shows the conventional assembly of individual batteries 10. A battery 10 may comprise one or more battery cells, as shown in the uppermost illustration in FIG.
Diese einzelnen Batterien 10 bzw. Batteriezellen können zu einem Batteriesystem 1 zusammengefasst sein, wobei die einzelnen Batterien 10 bzw. Batteriezellen möglichst kompakt angeordnet sind. Ein solches Batteriesystem 1 wird auch Batteriemodul genannt.  These individual batteries 10 or battery cells can be combined to form a battery system 1, wherein the individual batteries 10 or battery cells are arranged as compact as possible. Such a battery system 1 is also called a battery module.
Mehrere Batteriesysteme 1 bzw. Batteriemodule können zu einem Batterie-Pack 2 zusammengefasst sein, wie es der untersten Darstellung der Figur 4 entnehmbar ist. Die dargestellte Anordnung von Batterien 10 bzw. Batteriezellen zu Batteriemodulen und/ oder Batterie-Packs ist insbesondere für Lithium-Ionen-Batterien bzw. für Lithium- Ionen-Batteriezellen üblich. Several battery systems 1 or battery modules can be combined to form a battery pack 2, as can be seen from the bottom view of FIG. The illustrated arrangement of batteries 10 or battery cells to battery modules and / or battery packs is customary in particular for lithium-ion batteries or for lithium-ion battery cells.
Aus Batteriezellen zusammengesetzte Batterien sind weitgehend bekannt. Dabei ist unter einer Batteriezelle sowie auch unter einer aus Batteriezellen zusam- mengesetzten Batterie jeweils ein Akkumulator zu verstehen, der elektrisch ladbar und wieder entladbar ist. Die Batteriezelle ist dabei eine einzelne galvanische Zelle, die je nach Kombination der Materialien der Elektroden der Zelle eine charakteristische Spannung liefert. Zum Aufbau einer Batterie aus mehreren Batte- riezellen werden diese elektrisch in Serie oder parallel geschaltet. Battery cells composed of batteries are widely known. It is under a battery cell as well as under one of battery cells together. each set battery to understand an accumulator that is electrically charged and discharged again. The battery cell is a single galvanic cell, which provides a characteristic voltage depending on the combination of the materials of the electrodes of the cell. To build a battery of several battery cells, they are electrically connected in series or in parallel.
Es sind weiterhin Lithium-Ionen-Batterien bekannt, die als wieder aufladbare E- nergiespeicher, insbesondere in mobilen Geräten und Einrichtungen, Anwendung finden. Lithium-Ionen-Batterien werden auch im automotiven Bereich eingesetzt, wo sie zum Beispiel in Hybrid- und Elektrofahrzeugen zum Einsatz kommen. Insbesondere in diesem Bereich werden an die Lithium-Ionen-Batterien höchste Anforderungen bezüglich der Sicherheit gestellt. Furthermore, lithium-ion batteries are known which are used as rechargeable energy stores, in particular in mobile devices and devices. Lithium-ion batteries are also used in the automotive sector, where they are used, for example, in hybrid and electric vehicles. Particularly in this area, the highest demands are placed on the safety of lithium-ion batteries.
Lithium-Ionen-Batterien und Lithium-Ionen-Polymer-Batterien können sich bei ei- nem abnormalen Verhalten, wie zum Beispiel bei Ausfall des Ladegerätes und dabei erfolgender Überladung oder bei Missbrauch oder Impulseinwirkung auf Grund eines Unfalls und daraus resultierender Verformung und/oder Eintrag einer mechanischen Spannung, wie bei einem Unfall, sich mehr oder weniger schnell erhitzen. Der Grund dafür sind innere Kurzschlüsse, die zwangsläufig zu Temperaturerhöhungen in der Zelle führen. Diese bewirken gegebenenfalls dieLithium-ion batteries and lithium-ion polymer batteries may exhibit abnormal behavior such as charger failure and overcharging, or abuse or momentum due to an accident resulting in deformation and / or entry a mechanical tension, as in an accident, heat up more or less quickly. The reason for this is internal short circuits, which inevitably lead to temperature increases in the cell. These may cause the
Öffnung der Zelle und somit die Emission von giftigen Gasen wie zum Beispiel Fluorwasserstoff (HF). Der dabei temperaturbedingte exotherme Zerfall von Kathodenmaterial, insbesondere im delithiierten Zustand, das heisst im geladenen Zustand der Zelle, der bereits ab 473 K einsetzen kann, generiert exotherm Wärme, die bei Übertragung auf eine benachbarte Batterie gegebenenfalls in dieser und weiteren Batterien eine Kettenreaktion auslösen kann. Außerdem können offene Flammen und Rauchentwicklungen auftreten. Auf der Oberfläche der jeweils beschädigten Zelle können 773 K und mehr auftreten und bei einer Öffnung der Zelle können bei Ausströmung von heißen Gasen Temperaturen von 1273 K und mehr herrschen, siehe R. Kern et.al, in ATZelektronik, 05/2009,Opening the cell and thus the emission of toxic gases such as hydrogen fluoride (HF). The thereby thermally induced exothermic decomposition of cathode material, especially in the delithiated state, that is, in the charged state of the cell, which can already be used from 473 K, generates exothermic heat, which may trigger a chain reaction in this and other batteries if transferred to an adjacent battery , In addition, open flames and smoke may occur. 773 K and more can occur on the surface of each damaged cell, and when the cell is opened, temperatures of 1273 K and more can prevail if hot gases escape, see R. Kern et.al, in ATZelektronik, 05/2009,
Jahrgang 4 S. 22-29. Vintage 4 p. 22-29.
Je nach konstruktiver Ausgestaltung eines Batteriegehäuses sowie der herrschenden Temperatur- und Druckverhältnisse kann es sogar zu einer Zellexplosion kommen. Das heißt, dass insbesondere bei einer Anwendung einer Mehr- zahl von Batterien beziehungsweise Batteriezellen in einem Fahrzeug und bei Depending on the design of a battery case and the prevailing temperature and pressure conditions, it may even lead to a cell explosion. This means that in particular when using a plurality of batteries or battery cells in a vehicle and in
Auftreten der genannten thermischen Kettenreaktion, insbesondere bei einem Unfall, Fahrzeuginsassen und/oder sich in der Nähe des Fahrzeuges aufhaltende Personen Gefahren ausgesetzt sein können. Die genannten Probleme und Gefahren können dabei nicht nur bei einem Unfall auftreten, sondern auch bei der Erprobung der Batterien im Performance- bzw. Sicherheitstest sowie Umwelter- probungen und/oder beim Transport beziehungsweise bei der Lagerung der Batterien. Occurrence of said thermal chain reaction, especially in a Accident, vehicle occupants and / or persons in the vicinity of the vehicle may be exposed to dangers. The problems and dangers mentioned can occur not only in the event of an accident, but also during the testing of the batteries in the performance or safety test as well as environmental tests and / or during transport or storage of the batteries.
Insbesondere im automotiven Bereich werden mehrere Lithium-Ionen-Batterien für gewöhnlich zu einem so genannten Modul assembliert, wie bereits in Bezug zu Figur 4 beschrieben wurde. In der Regel werden dabei zwischen den Lithium-Especially in the automotive sector, several lithium-ion batteries are usually assembled into a so-called module, as already described in relation to FIG. As a rule, between the lithium
Ionen-Batterien Kühlplatten angeordnet. Zwar ist mit diesen Kühlplatten ein Teil der von den Batterien generieren Wärmemenge abführbar, jedoch können die Kühlplatten praktisch nicht verhindern, dass im Fall einer unkontrollierbaren Ü- berhitzung (Englisch„Thermal-Runaway") einer Batterie eine benachbarte Batte- rie gewissermaßen und durch die Übertragung von Hitze, Flammen oder Feuer ebenso in eine unkontrollierbare Überhitzung getrieben wird. Ion batteries arranged cooling plates. Although a portion of the amount of heat generated by the batteries can be dissipated with these cooling plates, the cooling plates can practically not prevent an adjacent battery, to a certain extent and in the event of an uncontrollable overheating ("thermal runaway") of a battery Transfer of heat, flames or fire is also driven into an uncontrollable overheating.
Die DE 101 34 145 A1 beschreibt ein feuerhemmendes Batteriegehäuse, dessen Wandung ein Verbundmaterial aus einer ersten Schicht, wie zum Beispiel Stahl, und einer zweiten Schicht, die ein thermisch aktives Material enthält, aufweist.DE 101 34 145 A1 describes a fire-retardant battery housing whose wall comprises a composite material of a first layer, such as steel, and a second layer containing a thermally active material.
Darunter versteht man beispielsweise Materialien, die zum Beispiel Kristallwasser desabsorbieren. Derartige Stoffe können jedoch nicht verhindern, sondern lediglich verzögern, dass ein„Thermal Runaway" von einer Zelle auf die andere bzw. von einem Modul auf das andere stattfindet, werden. Das heißt, dass durch ein derartiges Gehäuse nicht verhindert werden kann, dass in einem assemblier- ten Modul eine Batterie im Falle einer unkontrollierbaren Überhitzung wenigstens in einer von beiden benachbarten Batterien eine weitere unkontrollierbare Überhitzung verursacht. Andere üblicherweise eingesetzte Materialien, die bei der Assemblierung von Lithium-Ionen-Modulen oder daraus zusammengesetzten Paketen im Kühlsystem als Wärmeschutzelemente eingesetzt werden, sind in der Regel Kunststoffe und Metallbleche, wie zum Beispiel Aluminium, die zwar die Wärme ausreichend leiten können, dabei aber zumeist weder ausreichend Wärme aufnehmen oder Hit- ze speichern können und/oder flammfest sind. Offenbarung der Erfindung By this is meant, for example, materials which, for example, absorb water of crystallization. However, such materials can not prevent, but only delay, that a "thermal runaway" from one cell to another or from one module to another takes place., That is, by such a housing can not be prevented in In an assembled module, a battery will cause further uncontrollable overheating in the event of uncontrollable overheating in at least one of both adjacent batteries Other commonly used materials used in the cooling system as heat protection elements in the assembly of lithium-ion modules or packages thereof , are usually plastics and metal sheets, such as aluminum, although they can conduct the heat sufficiently, but they usually neither absorb enough heat or can store heat and / or are flame-resistant. Disclosure of the invention
Es wird erfindungsgemäß ein Batteriesystem zur Verfügung gestellt, welches ei- ne Mehrzahl von Batterien umfasst, wobei zwischen wenigstens zwei der Batterien wenigstens eine Wärmespeicherplatte angeordnet ist, deren Material im Wesentlichen ein keramisch basiertes Material aufweist. According to the invention, a battery system is provided which comprises a plurality of batteries, wherein between at least two of the batteries at least one heat storage plate is arranged, the material of which essentially comprises a ceramic-based material.
Die einzelnen Batterien des Batteriesystems können dabei jeweils aus nur einer Batteriezelle oder aus mehreren Batteriezellen ausgebildet sein. Insbesondere sind im Sinne der Erfindung die Batteriezellen dabei Lithium-Ionen-Zellen. Es ist dabei erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass die beiden seitlichen Oberflächen der Wärmespeicherplatte im Wesentlichen durch das keramische Material ausgebildet sind. The individual batteries of the battery system can each be formed from only one battery cell or multiple battery cells. In particular, according to the invention, the battery cells are lithium-ion cells. It is inventively provided that the two lateral surfaces of the heat storage plate are formed substantially by the ceramic material.
Keramiken bestehen aus anorganischen Materialien und können in der Regel zunächst unter Wasserzugabe bei Raumtemperatur geformt und anschließend getrocknet und bei einem sich anschließenden Brennprozess oberhalb 1 173 K gehärtet bzw. gesintert werden. Ceramics consist of inorganic materials and can generally first be shaped with the addition of water at room temperature and then dried and cured or sintered in a subsequent firing process above 1 173 K.
Der Begriff Keramik umfasst auch Werkstoffe auf der Grundlage von Oxiden und somit auch Silizium-Dioxid (Si02) bzw. Silikate. The term ceramic also includes materials based on oxides and thus also silicon dioxide (Si0 2 ) or silicates.
Die einzelnen Batterien des Batteriesystems beziehungsweise Batteriemoduls sind für gewöhnlich in Reihe oder parallel geschaltet. Die Wärmespeicherplatte kontaktiert bevorzugt die großen Seitenflächen der üblicherweise prismatisch ausgestalteten Batteriekörper. Die Wärmespeicherplatte weist im Wesentlichen die Form einer Platte mit einer einer ebenen Fläche angenäherten Form auf. Das heißt, dass die beiden großen Seitenflächen der Wärmespeicherplatte wesentlich größer sind als die den Umfang der Wärmespeicherplatte bildenden Flächen. Erfindungsgemäß bildet das keramische Material bevorzugt die gesamten Oberflä- chen der Seitenflächen aus. Die erfindungsgemäße Wärmespeicherplatte funktioniert somit nach dem System der Wärmekacheln. Derartige Wärmekacheln sind aus der Anwendung an Raumfahrzeugen bekannt. Sie weisen den Vorteil auf, dass sie eine extreme Wärme mit einer Temperatur von über 1473 K im Inneren speichern können. Diese Wärme kann demzufolge nicht an in der Nähe befindli- che Aggregate übertragen werden. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung des keramischen Werkstoffes auf beiden Seiten der Wärmespeicherplatte lässt sich der Wärmeeintrag in die Wärmespeicherplatte von beiden Seiten vornehmen. Das heißt, dass der Vorteil der Erfindung insbesondere darin liegt, dass durch die Anordnung der Wärmespeicherplatte auf Grund ihrer großen Wärmespeicherkapazität der Wärmeübertrag von einer Batterie auf eine benachbarte Batterie verhinderbar ist, egal, in welcher Richtung der Wärmestrom verläuft. The individual batteries of the battery system or battery module are usually connected in series or in parallel. The heat storage plate preferably contacts the large side surfaces of the usually prismatically designed battery body. The heat storage plate has substantially the shape of a plate having a shape approximate to a flat surface. That is, the two large side surfaces of the heat storage plate are substantially larger than the surfaces forming the periphery of the heat storage plate. According to the invention, the ceramic material preferably forms the entire surfaces of the side surfaces. The heat storage plate according to the invention thus functions according to the system of heat tiles. Such heat tiles are known from application to spacecraft. They have the advantage that they can store extreme heat with a temperature of over 1473 K inside. Consequently, this heat can not be transferred to nearby aggregates. The inventive arrangement of the ceramic material on both sides of the heat storage plate can be heat input into the heat storage plate from both sides. This means that the advantage of the invention is in particular that the arrangement of the heat storage plate due to their large heat storage capacity heat transfer from a battery to an adjacent battery can be prevented, no matter in which direction the heat flow.
Vorteilhafterweise ist vorgesehen, dass das keramikhaltige Material eine Silizium- Keramik oder eine Bor-Keramik oder eine Aluminium-Keramik ist. Advantageously, it is provided that the ceramic-containing material is a silicon ceramic or a boron ceramic or an aluminum ceramic.
Der Keramikanteil des Wärmespeicherplattenmaterials sollte dabei mindestens 60 % betragen. Ein solcher Massenanteil bewirkt eine ausreichende Wärmespeicherkapazität bei günstigen Material- und Fertigungskosten.  The ceramic content of the heat storage plate material should be at least 60%. Such a mass fraction causes a sufficient heat storage capacity at low material and manufacturing costs.
Bei höheren Sicherheitsanforderungen zur Vermeidung einer thermischen Kettenreaktion sollte der Keramikanteil des Wärmespeicherplattenmaterials mindes- tens 80 % betragen. For higher safety requirements to avoid a thermal chain reaction, the ceramic content of the heat storage plate material should be at least 80%.
In weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsformen ist vorgesehen, dass das erfindungsgemäße Material ein keramisches Silikat oder ein Siliziumdioxid ist. In further preferred embodiments it is provided that the material according to the invention is a ceramic silicate or a silicon dioxide.
Alternativ kann das keramische Material auch ein Aluminium-Oxid wie z.B. Al203 sein. Alternatively, the ceramic material may also be an aluminum oxide such as Al 2 O 3 .
Derartige Materialien weisen besonders gute Wärmespeicherfähigkeiten auf und sind mit relativ geringen Fertigungskosten zu ausreichend dünnen Wärmespeicherplatten verarbeitbar, so dass ein aus einzelnen Batterien assembliertes Modul mit derartigen Wärmespeicherplatten einen geringen Bauraumbedarf auf- weist. Es bietet sich dabei auch an, dass eine aus Keramik ausgeführte Wärmespeicherplatte aus Glaskeramik besteht.  Such materials have particularly good heat storage capabilities and can be processed with relatively low production costs to sufficiently thin heat storage plates, so that a module assembled from individual batteries with such heat storage plates has a low space requirement. It also makes sense that a heat storage plate made of ceramic consists of glass ceramic.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass die Wärmespeicherplatte komplett aus dem keramischen Material besteht. Das heißt, dass zum Beispiel keine Zwischenschicht aus einem anderen Material zwischen den äußeren Oberflächen, die das keramikhaltige Material aufweisen, angeordnet ist. Die Wärmespeicherplatte kann somit ausschließlich aus keramikhaltigem Material aufgebaut werden, wobei gegebenenfalls an der Wärmespeicherplatte Halterungen zur mechanischen Befestigung vorgesehen sind, die aus einem an- deren Material sein können. Das heißt, dass die statische Festigkeit einer solchen Wärmespeicherplatte alleine durch das keramikhaltige Material aufgebracht werden muss und keine Bewehrungselemente in der Wärmespeicherplatte angeordnet sind. In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the heat storage plate is made entirely of the ceramic material. That is, for example, no intermediate layer of another material is disposed between the outer surfaces comprising the ceramic-containing material. The heat storage plate can thus be constructed exclusively of ceramic-containing material, wherein optionally provided on the heat storage plate holders for mechanical fastening, which may be made of a different material. That is, the static strength of such a heat storage plate is applied solely by the ceramic-containing material must be and no reinforcing elements are arranged in the heat storage plate.
In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Batteriesys- tems ist vorgesehen, dass in der Wärmespeicherplatte wenigstens ein Kanal zurIn a further advantageous embodiment of the battery system according to the invention, it is provided that at least one channel in the heat storage plate for
Durchströmung mit einem Medium, insbesondere einer Kühlflüssigkeit angeordnet ist. Das heißt, dass die erfindungsgemäßen Wärmespeicherplatten neben ihrer Wärmespeicherfunktion auch als Kühlplatten eines Kühlsystems verwendet werden können, so dass in den Wärmespeicherplatten gespeicherte Wärme mit- tels des Kühlmediums durch den Kanal beziehungsweise durch mehrere in derFlow is arranged with a medium, in particular a cooling liquid. This means that the heat storage plates according to the invention in addition to their heat storage function can also be used as cooling plates of a cooling system, so that stored in the heat storage plates heat by means of the cooling medium through the channel or through several in the
Wärmespeicherplatte angeordnete Kanäle abgeleitet werden kann. Eine derartige Wärmespeicherplatte dient somit nicht nur zur Verhinderung einer thermischen Kettenreaktion, sondern auch zur normalen Kühlung der Batterien beim Betrieb. Heat storage plate arranged channels can be derived. Such a heat storage plate thus serves not only to prevent a thermal chain reaction, but also for normal cooling of the batteries during operation.
Außerdem wird erfindungsgemäß verhindert, dass Wärme und/oder Flammen, die von einer ersten Batterie ausgehen, auf eine benachbarte Batterie weitergeleitet werden und somit in der benachbarten Batterie ebenfalls eine unkontrollierbare Überhitzung provozieren. In addition, the invention prevents heat and / or flames emanating from a first battery, be forwarded to an adjacent battery and thus also provoke an uncontrollable overheating in the adjacent battery.
Das erfindungsgemäße Batteriesystem kann des Weiteren mit wenigstens einem im Wesentlichen als Bodenplatte ausgestalteten Kühlsystem mit Kanälen zur Durchströmung mit einem Medium ausgestattet sein, wobei das Medium insbesondere eine Kühlflüssigkeit sein kann und die Batterien auf dem als Bodenplatte ausgebildeten Kühlsystem aufgestellt sind. Bei Anwendung der flüssigkeitskühl- baren Wärmespeicherplatten sowie der als Kühlsystem ausgestalteten Bodenplatte sind vorteilhafterweise die Kühlkanäle von Wärmespeicherplatte und Bodenplatte in einem Leitungssystem miteinander verbunden. Die Bodenplatte ist dabei bevorzugt aus Aluminium oder einer geeigneten Legierung hergestellt. Ins- besondere bei fluid-technischer Verbindung von Wärmespeicherplatten und Bodenplatte sind diese mechanisch aneinander befestigt. The battery system according to the invention may further be equipped with at least one substantially configured as a bottom plate cooling system with channels for flow with a medium, the medium may be in particular a cooling liquid and the batteries are placed on the formed as a bottom plate cooling system. When using the liquid-cooled heat storage plates and designed as a cooling system bottom plate advantageously the cooling channels of heat storage plate and bottom plate are connected together in a line system. The bottom plate is preferably made of aluminum or a suitable alloy. In particular, in fluid-technical connection of heat storage plates and bottom plate they are mechanically attached to each other.
Zur mechanischen Befestigung und zur Erleichterung eines Wärmetransportes von der Wärmespeicherplatte an die Bodenplatte weist die Wärmespeicherplatte an ihrer der Bodenplatte zugewandten Seite einen Fußbereich auf, dessenFor mechanical attachment and to facilitate heat transfer from the heat storage plate to the bottom plate, the heat storage plate on its side facing the bottom plate on a foot area, whose
Grundfläche größer ist als eine Querschnittsfläche der Wärmespeicherplatte in einer über dem Fußbereich parallel zur Oberfläche der Bodenplatte verlaufenden Ebene. Base area is greater than a cross-sectional area of the heat storage plate in an over the foot area parallel to the surface of the bottom plate extending plane.
Die Erfindung ist insbesondere dann vorteilhaft ausgestaltet, wenn das Batteriesystem ein die Batterien zumindest teilweise umgebendes Gehäuse aufweist, wobei wenigstens eine Wärmespeicherplatte an einer Gehäusewand angeordnet ist oder diese ausbildet. Das heißt, dass die erfindungsgemäße Wärmespeicherplatte nicht nur zur Anordnung zwischen einzelnen Batterien oder Batteriezellen vorgesehen ist, sondern dass sie auch Teile eines Gehäuses oder ein komplettes Gehäuse ausbilden kann, so dass von einem Batteriesystem generierte Wärme in den Wärmespeicherplatten speicherbar ist und nicht zur Erwärmung und/oder Entzündung von benachbarten Batteriesystemen oder Gegenständen führen kann. The invention is particularly advantageous if the battery system has a housing surrounding the batteries at least partially, wherein at least one heat storage plate is arranged on a housing wall or these forms. This means that the heat storage plate according to the invention is not only provided for the arrangement between individual batteries or battery cells, but that they can also form parts of a housing or a complete housing, so that generated by a battery system heat can be stored in the heat storage plates and not for heating and / or ignition of adjacent battery systems or items.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind außerdem in der Beschreibung beschrieben. Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnungen erläutert. Advantageous developments of the invention are also described in the description. The invention will be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Zeichnungen drawings
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung wurden anhand der Zeichnungen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert: Es zeigen: Embodiments of the invention have been explained in more detail with reference to the drawings and the description below:
Figur 1 ein Batteriesystem mit Wärmespeicherplatten in perspektivischer Ansicht, 1 shows a battery system with heat storage plates in perspective view,
Figur 2 ein Batteriesystem mit Wärmespeicherplatten in Ansicht von vorn, Figur 3 ein Batteriesystem in Explosionsdarstellung  2 shows a battery system with heat storage plates in front view, Figure 3 shows a battery system in an exploded view
Figur 4 herkömmliche Assemblierung von Batterien. Figure 4 conventional assembly of batteries.
Ausführungsformen der Erfindung: Embodiments of the invention:
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Batteriesystem 1 weist, wie in Figur 1 dargestellt, mehrere einzelne Batterien 10 auf, die in bevorzugter Ausführungsform prismatisch ausgeführt sind und an ihren Oberseiten Terminals 12 aufweisen. Dabei sind mit den hier dargestellten Batterien Akkumulatoren gemeint, die gegebenenfalls aus einer oder mehreren einzelnen Zellen bestehen. Insbesondere können die Batterien Lithium-Ionen-Batterien sein. As shown in FIG. 1, a battery system 1 according to the invention has a plurality of individual batteries 10, which in a preferred embodiment are prismatic and have terminals 12 on their upper sides. It means batteries with the batteries shown here, which may be off one or more individual cells. In particular, the batteries may be lithium-ion batteries.
Zwischen den einzelnen Batterien 10 sind die Wärmespeicherplatten 20 angeordnet. Es ist ersichtlich, dass die Wärmespeicherplatten 20 die Seitenflächen 1 1 der Batterien 10 direkt kontaktieren. Dadurch wird die Einleitung von Wärme aus den Batterien 10 in die Wärmespeicherplatten 20 erleichtert, so dass von den Batterien 10 über deren Seitenflächen 1 1 abgegebene Wärme überwiegend durch die Wärmespeicherplatten 20 gespeichert werden kann und verhindert wird, dass bei einer unkontrollierten Erwärmung einer der Batterien deren Wärme eine benachbarte Batterie ebenfalls derart erhitzen kann, das deren Erwär- mungsprozess nicht mehr kontrollierbar ist. Das heißt, durch die erfindungsgemäßen Wärmespeicherplatten 20 und deren Anordnung zwischen den Batterien 10 wird eine thermische Kettenreaktion innerhalb des Batteriesystems 1 verhindert. Between the individual batteries 10, the heat storage plates 20 are arranged. It can be seen that the heat storage plates 20 contact the side surfaces 1 1 of the batteries 10 directly. Thereby, the introduction of heat from the batteries 10 is facilitated in the heat storage plates 20, so that from the batteries 10 through the side surfaces 1 1 emitted heat can be stored mainly by the heat storage plates 20 and prevents that in an uncontrolled heating of one of the batteries Heat can also heat an adjacent battery so that their heating process is no longer controllable. That is, by the heat storage plates 20 according to the invention and their arrangement between the batteries 10, a thermal chain reaction within the battery system 1 is prevented.
Insbesondere aus Figur 2 ist ersichtlich, dass die seitliche Oberfläche 21 der Wärmespeicherplatte 20 vollflächig an der Seitenfläche 1 1 der Batterie 10 zur Anlage kommt. Die Wärmespeicherplatten 20 sind bevorzugt vollständig aus dem keramikhaltigen Material hergestellt, so dass durch beide seitlichen Oberflächen 21 Wärme in die Wärmespeicherplatte 20 eintragbar ist. Das heißt, dass durch die Wärmespeicherplatte 20 beidseitig effektiv und in relativ kurzer Zeit Wärme aufnehmbar ist, da keine isolierend wirkenden Zwischenschichten oder Außenschichten an der Wärmespeicherplatte 20 angeordnet sind. In particular, from Figure 2 it can be seen that the lateral surface 21 of the heat storage plate 20 over the entire surface of the side surface 1 1 of the battery 10 comes to rest. The heat storage plates 20 are preferably made entirely from the ceramic-containing material, so that heat can be introduced into the heat storage plate 20 through both lateral surfaces 21. This means that heat can be absorbed effectively on both sides by the heat storage plate 20 and heat in a relatively short time since no insulating intermediate layers or outer layers are arranged on the heat storage plate 20.
Zum Schutz angrenzender Batteriesysteme oder Aggregate kann das Batteriesystem 1 auch an den jeweils äußeren Batterien 10 beziehungsweise an deren Seitenflächen 1 1 mit Wärmespeicherplatten 20 verkleidet sein, wie es insbesondere aus Figur 2 ersichtlich ist. So lässt sich auch eine thermische Kettenreaktion auf Grund Wärmeübertragung von einem Batteriesystem zu einem in einem Paket assemblierten weiteren Batteriesystem vermeiden. To protect adjacent battery systems or aggregates, the battery system 1 can also be clad on the respective outer batteries 10 or on their side surfaces 11 with heat storage plates 20, as can be seen in particular from FIG. Thus, a thermal chain reaction due to heat transfer from a battery system to a further battery system assembled in a package can be avoided.
Die Wärmespeicherplatten 20 können mit hier nicht dargestellten Kanälen ausgestattet sein, durch die ein Medium, insbesondere Kühlflüssigkeit, leitbar ist, so dass in den Wärmespeicherplatten 20 gespeicherte Wärme über das Medium ableitbar ist. Derartige Wärmespeicherplatten 20 lassen sich somit nicht nur zur Wärmespeicherung, sondern auch zur normalen Kühlung des Batteriesystems verwenden. The heat storage plates 20 may be equipped with channels, not shown here, through which a medium, in particular cooling liquid, is conductive, so that in the heat storage plates 20 stored heat via the medium can be derived. Such heat storage plates 20 can thus not only for Heat storage, but also for normal cooling of the battery system use.
Außerdem können die Batterien 10 des Batteriesystems 1 auf einer Bodenplatte 24 aufgestellt sein, die ebenfalls (nicht dargestellte) Kühlkanäle zur Leitung einesIn addition, the batteries 10 of the battery system 1 can be placed on a bottom plate 24, which also (not shown) cooling ducts for conducting a
Kühlmediums aufweist, so dass die Unterseiten der Batterien 10 durch eine derartige als Kühlsystem ausgestaltete Bodenplatte 24 kühlbar sind. Has cooling medium, so that the undersides of the batteries 10 are cooled by such designed as a cooling system base plate 24.
Bei Ausgestaltung der Wärmespeicherplatten 20 mit den Kühlkanälen und zu- sätzlicher Anordnung der als Kühlsystem ausgestalteten Bodenplatte 24 bietet es sich an, dass die Kanäle der Wärmespeicherplatten 20 mit denen der Bodenplatte 24 verbunden sind, um somit ein in sich geschlossenes Gesamtkühlsystem bereitzustellen. Wie in Figur 3 dargestellt, können die Wärmespeicherplatten 20 an ihren unterenWhen configuring the heat storage plates 20 with the cooling channels and additional arrangement of configured as a cooling system bottom plate 24, it is advisable that the channels of the heat storage plates 20 are connected to those of the bottom plate 24, so as to provide a self-contained overall cooling system. As shown in Figure 3, the heat storage plates 20 at their lower
Enden einen oder mehrere Fußbereiche 22 aufweisen, die die Bodenplatte 24 thermisch leitfähig über ihre Grundflächen 23 kontaktieren. Die Fußbereiche 22 können außerdem zur mechanischen Befestigung der Wärmespeicherplatten 20 auf der Bodenplatte 24 dienen. Damit lassen sich die Wärmespeicherplatten 20 auf der Bodenplatte 24 fixieren, wodurch automatisch zwischen den Wärmespeicherplatten 20 angeordnete Batterien 10 ebenfalls zumindest in einem translatorischen Freiheitsgrad fixiert sind. Die Grundflächen 23 der Fußbereiche 22 sind dabei wesentlich größer ausgeführt als die Querschnittsflächen der Wärmespeicherplatten 20 in einer zur Bodenplatte 24 parallel verlaufenden Ebene. Dies dient insbesondere der großflächigen Kontaktierung der WärmespeicherplattenEnds have one or more foot portions 22 which contact the bottom plate 24 thermally conductive via their base surfaces 23. The foot portions 22 may also serve for the mechanical attachment of the heat storage plates 20 on the bottom plate 24. Thus, the heat storage plates 20 can be fixed to the bottom plate 24, whereby automatically arranged between the heat storage plates 20 batteries 10 are also fixed at least in a translatory degree of freedom. The base surfaces 23 of the foot portions 22 are designed to be substantially larger than the cross-sectional areas of the heat storage plates 20 in a plane parallel to the bottom plate 24 level. This serves in particular for the large-area contacting of the heat storage plates
20 mit der Bodenplatte 24 für eine effiziente Wärmeabfuhr in die Bodenplatte 24. Die Fußbereiche 22 sind dabei nicht nur an ohne Kühlkanäle ausgestalteten Wärmespeicherplatten 20 angeordnet, sondern es kann vorgesehen sein, das in den Wärmespeicherplatten 20 die Fußbereiche 22 mit den Kühlkanälen kombi- niert sind. 20 with the bottom plate 24 for efficient heat dissipation into the bottom plate 24. The foot portions 22 are not only arranged on cooling plates without heat storage plates 20, but it can be provided that in the heat storage plates 20, the foot portions 22 are combined with the cooling channels ,

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1 . Batteriesystem (1 ), umfassend eine Mehrzahl von Batterien (10), wobei zwischen wenigstens zwei der Batterien (10) wenigstens eine Wärmespeicherplatte (20) angeordnet ist, deren Material im Wesentlichen Keramik aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden seitlichen Oberflächen (21 ) der Wärmespeicherplatte (20) im Wesentlichen durch das keramikhaltige Material ausgebildet sind. 1 . Battery system (1) comprising a plurality of batteries (10), wherein between at least two of the batteries (10) at least one heat storage plate (20) is arranged, whose material is substantially ceramic, characterized in that the two lateral surfaces (21) the heat storage plate (20) are formed substantially by the ceramic-containing material.
2. Batteriesystem (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das keramikhaltige Material eine Silizium-Keramik oder eine Bor-Keramik oder eine Aluminium-Keramik ist. 2. Battery system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the ceramic-containing material is a silicon ceramic or a boron ceramic or an aluminum ceramic.
3. Batteriesystem (1 ) nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Keramikanteil des Wärmespeicherplattenmaterials mindestens 60% beträgt. 3. Battery system (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ceramic content of the heat storage plate material is at least 60%.
4. Batteriesystem (1 ) nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Keramikanteil des Wärmespeicherplattenmaterials mindestens 80% beträgt. 4. Battery system (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ceramic content of the heat storage plate material is at least 80%.
5. Batteriesystem (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Keramik Siliziumdioxid ist. 5. Battery system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ceramic is silicon dioxide.
6. Batteriesystem (1 ) nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 2-5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Keramik ein Aluminium-Oxid ist. 6. Battery system (1) according to at least one of claims 2-5, characterized in that the ceramic is an aluminum oxide.
7. Batteriesystem (1 ) nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmespeicherplatte (20) komplett aus dem keramikhaltigen Material besteht. 7. Battery system (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat storage plate (20) consists entirely of the ceramic-containing material.
8. Batteriesystem (1 ) nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Wärmespeicherplatte (20) wenigstens ein Kanal zur Durchströmung mit einem Medium, insbesondere einer Kühlflüssigkeit, angeordnet ist. 8. Battery system (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the heat storage plate (20) at least one channel for flow through a medium, in particular a cooling liquid, is arranged.
9. Batteriesystem (1 ) nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Batteriesystem (1 ) wenigstens ein im Wesentlichen als Bodenplatte (24) ausgebildetes Kühlsystem mit Kanälen zur Durchströmung mit einem Medium, insbesondere einer Kühlflüssigkeit, aufweist, auf dem die Batterien aufgestellt sind. 9. Battery system (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery system (1) at least one substantially as a bottom plate (24) formed cooling system with channels for flow with a medium, in particular a cooling liquid, on which the Batteries are installed.
10. Batteriesystem (1 ) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmespeicherplatte (20) an ihrer der Bodenplatte (24) zugewandten Seite einen Fußbereich (22) aufweist, dessen Grundfläche (23) größer ist als eine Querschnittsfläche der Wärmespeicherplatte (20) in einer über dem Fußbereich (22) parallel zur Oberfläche der Bodenplatte (24) verlaufenden Ebene. 10. Battery system (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the heat storage plate (20) on its bottom plate (24) side facing a foot region (22) whose base surface (23) is greater than a cross-sectional area of the heat storage plate (20) in a plane extending above the foot region (22) parallel to the surface of the bottom plate (24).
1 1 . Batteriesystem (1 ) nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Batteriesystem (1 ) ein die Batterien (10) zumindest teilweise umgebendes Gehäuse aufweist, wobei wenigstens eine Wärmespeicherplatte (20) an einer Gehäuseinnenwand angeordnet ist oder diese ausbildet. 1 1. Battery system (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery system (1) has a battery (10) at least partially surrounding housing, wherein at least one heat storage plate (20) is arranged on a housing inner wall or these forms.
PCT/EP2011/050747 2010-01-20 2011-01-20 Battery system with a heat-storage plate WO2011089182A1 (en)

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DE102010001033A DE102010001033A1 (en) 2010-01-20 2010-01-20 Battery system with heat storage plate
DE102010001033.2 2010-01-20

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