WO2011087347A1 - Sistema y método para medir la presión arterial por sus efectos - Google Patents
Sistema y método para medir la presión arterial por sus efectos Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011087347A1 WO2011087347A1 PCT/MX2010/000003 MX2010000003W WO2011087347A1 WO 2011087347 A1 WO2011087347 A1 WO 2011087347A1 MX 2010000003 W MX2010000003 W MX 2010000003W WO 2011087347 A1 WO2011087347 A1 WO 2011087347A1
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- arterial
- pressure
- diastolic
- period
- systolic
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/022—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
- A61B5/02208—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers using the Korotkoff method
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/022—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
- A61B5/02225—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers using the oscillometric method
Definitions
- the present invention is related to the systems, procedures and instruments designed in the field of medicine and Biomedical Engineering and which are used in medicine to measure arterial blood pressure, and more particularly, it is related to a system, and method for measuring with method indirect diastolic blood pressure from the effects of the diastolic period of the arterial cycle.
- Blood pressure It is the force exerted by blood on the wall of the arteries, to measure said pressure, the unit of force exerted by the blood is divided between the area unit of the wall of the artery, and The resulting measure is the unit of pressure, for example, mmHg or pass them.
- the arterial blood force is the pressure exerted by the blood on the wall of the artery, and the measurement is the result of the unit of blood pressure multiplied by the unit area of the wall of the arterial segment, its units are dynes or Newton.
- the cardiac cycle is the set of events related to blood flow that must occur from the beginning of a heartbeat to the beginning of the next.
- Each heartbeat includes two main stages in the ventricles: Systole and ventricular diastole.
- the term diastole is synonymous with muscle relaxation.
- blood pressure increases and decreases in the heart and arterial system. The variation of the pressure in the artery occurs in two stages; the time of systolic blood pressure that is short and a longer time pertaining to diastolic blood pressure.
- the arterial cycle is the unit of variation of the repetitive physical properties of the artery as a function of time, composed of the events of blood flow and arterial wall in a period of greater blood movement called systolic and a period of time with less blood movement called diastolic
- systolic a period of greater blood movement
- diastolic a period of time with less blood movement
- systolic blood pressure is the highest pressure of the two phases and has blood flow throughout the phase; while the diastolic blood pressure is the lower pressure of the two phases and its blood flow does not always last the total diastolic time of the arterial cycle.
- Obliterate Clog or close a duct or cavity.
- Measurement of arterial diastolic pressure by means of arterial Obliteration by application of gradual external contact force It is the action of applying gradual external contact force until obliterating an artery to measure the force that blood exerts on the arterial wall in the diastolic period.
- Desobstruir Remove something that obstructs it.
- Measurement of arterial diastolic pressure by means of arterial unblocking by removing gradual external contact force It is the action of removing gradual external contact force until unblocking an artery to measure the force that blood exerts on the arterial wall in the diastolic period.
- Measurable artery Arterial segment on which one operates to know the measure of a magnitude.
- Measurable artery In this invention, arterial segment on which it operates to know the measure of pressure that the blood exerts on the unit area of its wall.
- Parameter It is the numerical value or fixed data that is considered in the study or analysis of an issue.
- a parameter is the sample of the manifestations of blood flow and arterial wall without being affected by external force applied, values that will be taken into account to calculate the systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
- Blood pressure can be measured in an invasive (direct) way that is not relevant in this document or non-invasively (indirectly).
- the time of the cessation of sounds indicates the free passage of the pulse wave; in other words at the moment of the disappearance of the sounds the mini bad blood pressure within the artery predomtes over the pressure in the cuff. It follows that the manometric figures at this time correspond to the minimal blood pressure ... "
- the timing of the cessation of sounds indicates the free passage of the pulse wave; that is, at the time of the disappearance of the sounds, the minimum blood pressure within the artery predominates over the pressure on the bracelet. It follows that the manometric reading at this time corresponds to the minimum blood pressure.
- systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure are obtained by identifying the region where there is then a rapid increase and a decrease in pulse width.
- the average blood pressure is located at the point of maximum oscillation.
- the instruments used to observe arterial manifestations described by Korotkoff are stethoscope, pressure sensor, flow sensor and sphygmomanometer in relation to a manometer, to determine blood pressure.
- the measurement is made by observing the manifestations described above by Korotkoff in his doctoral thesis.
- the measurement of blood pressure is governed by the Korotkoff method in which to measure blood pressure the following steps are performed: 1 the humeral artery is pressed against the humeral bone by means of the pneumatic sleeve; 2 the moment when the applied pressure closes the arterial flow is detected; 3 Once the artery has been occluded, they stop observing the manifestations of pulse waves and pressure is applied beyond the point of occlusion; 4 Then the pressure in the cuff is reduced by opening a valve located on the insufflation knob; 5 the reappearance of the pulsatile blood flow through the partially compressed artery produces Korotkoff sounds (sounds produced by the arterial pulse wave caused by systolic pressure when the partially occluded artery is found); 6 The pressure level on the cuff when the first Korotkoff sound appears indicates the systolic blood pressure, also called "Korotkoff noise phase I" and is the maximum pressure generated by the pulse wave during each cardiac cycle; 7 Continuously
- Phase I indicates that the vessel pressure has exceeded the external pressure, being an abrupt, loud and progressively intense sound corresponding to the systolic blood pressure.
- Phase II the sound is clearer, more intense and prolonged.
- Phase III the sound continues loud and clear, although a murmur begins to be perceived that indicates its next disappearance.
- Phase IV there is a sudden loss of sound intensity that is markedly turned off with a continuous murmur; Sometimes it is the last thing heard some authors determine in this phase the diastolic blood pressure.
- Phase V total disappearance of the sound when the laminar flow is restored.
- the World Health Organization recommends that in this phase the artery pressure be measured! diastolic
- the oscillometric procedure is the measurement from the oscillations of the amplitude by the change of the pressure inside a force application means. It also depends on Korotkoff's observations to measure blood pressure, as the name implies, uses the oscillometer which is an electronic device based on the analysis of the pulse wave.
- the person's arm is compressed by an inflatable condensation cuff, such that the measurement is based on the amplitude of pressure change in the cuff, so when said cuff is inflated over systolic pressure, the amplitude suddenly becomes larger with periods of rest or rest of the pulse through occlusion , that is, very close to systolic pressure.
- the cuff pressure is reduced, the increase in pulse in amplitude reaches a maximum and decreases rapidly, the diastolic pressure index is taken where this transition begins. Therefore, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure are obtained by identifying the region where there is a rapid increase and immediately afterwards there is a decrease in the amplitude of systolic pulses.
- diastolic blood pressure is defined, such as: "the lowest value of the two blood pressure values, corresponding to blood pressure when the heart is in diastole or rest.”
- the present invention aims to solve some of the following problems of the auscultatory method (classical method); the indirect method of measuring Von Riva Rocci Recklinghaus arterial blood force: That in its publication to the letter it says: "The instrument that I have developed manometrically measures the force required to stop the progression of the pulse wave, sphygmomanometry is performed in one of the large branches of the aortic artery, over the humeral artery, which is a
- Riva Rocci did not determine the measurement of diastolic blood pressure with an indirect method.
- Korotkoff refers to the artery producing short tones whose appearance indicates part of the pulse wave, writes "... follow the manometric reading " referring to the continuation of the phenomenon of deflation and thus the decrease in pressure applied to the arm by the bracelet and that the first tone that appears complete in relation to the previous ones corresponds to the maximum pressure.
- the maximum pressure is the result of the measurement of the external force with the appearance of the first complete tone after a confirmed occlusion and release of force by deflation.
- the diastolic blood pressure is determined from arterial manifestations by the relationship between the strength of the bracelet and the artery with systolic blood pressure! and not the diastolic blood pressure at its real value.
- this novel SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MEASURING ARTERIAL PRESSURE BY ITS EFFECTS performs the measurement of diastolic blood pressure and systolic from the manifestations that the artery produces in the systolic and diastolic period respectively of the arterial cycle.
- the arterial cycle is defined as the unit of repetitive physical variation of the artery as a function of time, composed of the events of blood flow and arterial wall that are defined in two periods; the first period with a short time, greater movement and greater blood pressure, called the period of systolic blood pressure; the second period with more time than the previous period, less movement and lower blood pressure called the diastolic blood pressure period.
- the present invention performs the measurement of diastolic blood pressure from the observation of the manifestations of blood flow and the wall arterial that emanate or are eliminated in the diastolic period of the arterial cycle by applying gradual contact force and measurement on the measurable artery.
- the present invention additionally provides a method for indirectly measuring systolic blood pressure in the systolic period of the arterial cycle and without affecting the pressure overload caused by ventricular ejections after occlusion of the artery;
- systolic blood pressure is further measured from the effects that emanate or are eliminated by obliterating the artery by applying increasing external contact force, recording and measuring the manifestations that flow, the arterial wall and the manometer generate in the systolic period of the arterial cycle at the time of equalizing the external force applied with the force of the blood on the arterial wall.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method that is capable of measuring diastolic blood pressure with an indirect method with sensitivity and specificity.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for measuring blood pressure for its effects that is capable of measuring systolic blood pressure for its effects in the systolic period of the arterial cycle and diastolic blood pressure for its effects on diastolic period of the arterial cycle with indirect method.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a MEASUREMENT AND DETECTION MEANS OF THE DIASTOLIC AND SYSTOLIC PERIOD OF THE ARTERIAL CYCLE
- the advantages of this invention are given by measuring for the first time in history the Diastolic Blood Pressure indirectly by its effects and with this we can indirectly measure the blood pressure that the artery has at the moment the heart starts the Ventricular ejection and this pressure the heart has to overcome in each beat to empty its ventricular blood content to the arterial system, this will lead us to improve the diagnosis and treatment of a large number of arterial and heart diseases, mainly heart failure diseases.
- Another advantage of this inventive measuring system is to provide health sciences with a procedure and instrument to measure indirect diastolic blood pressure because it is relevant for humans because "For every 20 mmHg increase in systolic pressure or 10 mmHg of diastolic pressure, the risk of death from heart disease or stroke is doubled in a human. "
- An artery is composed of 3 elements Wall, internal cross-sectional area and blood fluid.
- the arterial system has its origin in the connection of the aortic valve with the left ventricle and ends in the capillaries.
- the arterial distention energy that distributes 40% of the volume entered in 0.2 seconds, generated by ventricular ejection and adaptive response of the artery
- the arterial contraction energy that distributes 60% of the remaining volume in 0.6 seconds, generated by the potential elastic energy of the arterial wall.
- the ventricular ejection is cyclic and affects the entire blood volume in the arterial system from the aorta to the capillary depending on the pressure wave velocity.
- the arterial cycle is defined as: A continuous phenomenon, in which the variation of movement of periodic physical quantities in the artery is executed. Due to the energy of arterial distention generated by ventricular ejection and adaptive response of the artery in a rapid phase (distention or filling; 25% of the duration of the arterial cycle). And the energy of arterial contraction generated by the potential elastic energy of the slow-moving arterial wall (contraction or emptying; 75% of the duration of the arterial cycle). The slow drop in pressure in the emptying phase is suddenly interrupted by the start of the filling phase and the rapid increase in pressure, which starts the process again.
- the arteries experience a rapid increase in volume until they reach a maximum pressure point (rapid or distension phase), as an adaptation response to the increase in blood volume, and a slow decrease in pressure drop ( slow or contraction phase), in which it performs the highest percentage of volume distribution by elastic recovery and capillary resistance response.
- a maximum pressure point rapid or distension phase
- a slow decrease in pressure drop slow or contraction phase
- Figures 1 to 6 show schematically the different phases of arterial manifestations that occur when an external contact force is applied on a measurable artery.
- Figure 1 shows the first phase of arterial manifestations, in which there is no involvement of diastolic and systolic blood pressure.
- Figure 2 shows the second phase of arterial manifestations, in which there is already a condition only of systolic blood pressure.
- Figure 3 shows the third phase of arterial manifestations, diastolic pre-occlusion or expiration of diastolic flow pressure at occlusive external force.
- Figure 4 shows the fourth phase of arterial manifestations, in which there is occlusion of the flow with diastolic blood pressure and only a condition of the flow with systolic pressure.
- Figure 5 shows the fifth phase of arterial manifestations, in which there is systolic blood pressure and diastolic occlusion, pre-occlusive systolic phase.
- Figure 6 shows the sixth phase of arterial manifestations, in which there is complete occlusion of systolic and diastolic arterial flow.
- Figure 7 shows an arterial cycle in normal physiological conditions with the characteristics detected by a blood flow sensor.
- Figure 8 shows a flow curve in the different phases generated by the effect of blood flow in the systolic and diastolic periods when applying an external force.
- Figure 9 Graph for measuring diastolic blood pressure with indirect oscillometric method
- Figure 10 Diastolic and systolic blood pressure measurement graph with indirect oscillometric method and with the diastolic blood pressure measurement system with indirect method.
- Figure 11 is a block schematic of the electronic device for measuring diastolic arterial blood pressure by its effects.
- Figure 12 is a perspective view of a block schematic showing the function of an electronic device when measuring diastolic blood pressure.
- FIGURES 1 to 6 show the various phases that occur when arterial manifestations occur when an increasing external contact force is applied to the artery, which described below:
- the blood flow or volume of the artery is not affected, referring to the lower blood flow or volume 120 of the artery and the greater blood flow or volume 125 of the artery, where an indicator of applied force or pressure 130 It is "zero."
- the greater blood flow 125 of the artery occurs in the lesser time 135 during the greater force and pressure of the blood fluid of the systolic period 105 occupying 25% of the arterial cycle 115.
- the lesser blood flow 120 of the artery occurs in time greater 140 during the force and lower pressure of the blood fluid of the diastolic period 10 occupying 75% of the arterial cycle 115.
- FIGURE 2 of the accompanying drawings a second phase 200 is shown that corresponds to the involvement of the forces of the systolic period 105 of the arterial cycle 115, the blood forces of the diastolic period 110 being unaffected.
- Figure 2 shows it shows the second phase 200 in which there is already an affectation of the blood flow or volume of the artery, showing that the force or pressure applied 145 has a certain magnitude over a defined area 150 recorded in the force indicator 130 with a value of "20 ".
- the greater blood flow or volume 125 of the artery shows manifestations because the flow of the systolic period 105 changes, where these manifestations refer among others to a sound 155 captured with sensors.
- the lower blood flow or volume 120 shows no changes.
- a third phase 300 is shown affecting the systolic 105 and diastolic 110 periods of the arterial cycle 115 (pre-occlusive diastolic pressure), in said third phase 300 the pressure is affected major and minor of the corresponding periods.
- the applied force or pressure 145 has a magnitude over the defined area 150 recorded in the force indicator 130 with a value of "40".
- the greater blood flow or volume 125 shows manifestations because the systolic period 105 changes, where these manifestations refer to a sound 155.
- the lower blood flow 120 presents manifestations because the volume is affected in the diastolic period 110.
- FIGURE 4 of the accompanying drawings a fourth phase 400 is shown, in which there is a diastolic and systolic blood pressure condition, being considered as the complete diastolic occlusion phase.
- the applied force or pressure 145 has a magnitude over the defined area 150 recorded in the force indicator 130 with a value of "60".
- the major blood flow 125 shows manifestations because the force reduced the space where the artery is housed in the systolic period 105, where these manifestations refer among others to a sound 155, which is produced in this phase by vibrations, turbulence and intermittent collision of the arterial wall.
- the lower blood flow or volume 120 disappears along with its manifestations because the pressure or force applied 145 has been equalized with the blood pressure or force in the diastolic period 1 0, at which time the lower or diastolic blood pressure is determined in the arterial segment
- FIGURE 5 of the accompanying drawings a fifth phase is shown
- the applied force or pressure 145 has a magnitude over the defined area 150 recorded in the force indicator 130 with a value of "80".
- the greater blood flow or volume 125 shows manifestations because the systolic period 105 changes, where these manifestations refer among others to a sound 155, which is produced at this stage by intermittent vibrations, turbulence and collision of the arterial wall, which It is diminished compared to the fourth phase 400 diastolic occlusion stage.
- the lower blood flow or volume 120 continues without manifestations because the pressure or force applied 145 is greater than the pressure or force of the blood in the diastolic period 1 10.
- FIGURE 6 of the accompanying drawings a sixth phase 600 is shown in which there is a complete systolic and diastolic occlusion.
- said sixth phase 600 the applied force or pressure 145 has a magnitude over the defined area 150 recorded in the force indicator 130 with a value of "100".
- the greater blood flow or volume 125 has no manifestations because the pressure or force applied 145 has been equalized with the force or pressure of the blood in the systolic period 105, where these manifestations disappear completely, at which time the blood pressure is determined major or systolic in the arterial segment.
- an arterial cycle 700 is shown in normal physiological conditions, with the characteristics detected by a blood flow motion sensor.
- the arterial cycle 700 is represented in its entirety and is composed of a phase of distension and a higher blood pressure corresponding to the systolic period 705, in which the left ventricle ejects a blood volume to the arterial system, where the arteries experience a rapid increase of volume distended until reaching a maximum pressure point as an adaptation response to said increase in blood volume, this phenomenon is called the adaptability phase 710 and ends in the distension limit phase 715 in which the pressure and flow rate blood levels reach the maximum magnitude in the arterial cycle 700.
- the final systolic phase 720 is continued in which the blood pressure decreases and ends at the origin of the initial diastolic phase 725 which manifests a sharp decrease in blood flow movement, in this point starts the 730 diastolic period of the 700 arterial cycle and corresponds to a slow decrease in the ca gives pressure and occupies 75% of the total cycle time of said arterial 700.
- the diastolic period 730 is made up of three phases, of which, a first phase that corresponds to the initial diastolic phase 725 and is continued with an alpha 735 hemodynamic package consisting of the same as the other hemodynamic packages in parietal tension, pressure, flow and blood velocity with a given magnitude, which, to recognize them, apply the letters of the Greek alphabet alpha a of greater magnitude, and in descending order of magnitude the letters beta, gamma, delta are applied.
- Said hemodynamic packet alpha 735 is joined by low amplitude frequencies 740 to a hemodynamic packet beta 745.
- the diastolic period 730 ends in the sudden interruption of a hemodynamic packet or a phase of low frequencies. due to the sudden appearance of the distension phase 710 of the systolic period 705 of the arterial cycle 700.
- FIGS. 1 A 6 there is shown a flow curve 800 in the different phases generated by the effect of the arterial manifestations that were described above. in FIGS. 1 A 6.
- the first phase 100 is shown without involvement by the external contact force showing the greater blood flow 125 corresponding to the systolic period 105 and the lower blood flow 120 corresponding to the diastolic period 110;
- the second phase 200 with a force condition, where only the greater blood flow 125 corresponding to the systolic period 105 is affected and the lower blood flow 120 corresponding to the diastolic period 110 remains unaffected;
- the third phase 300 manifestations are observed because the major blood flow 125 corresponding to the systolic period 105 changes and the lower blood flow 120 corresponding to the diastolic period 110 is also affected; manifestations of change in the major blood flow 125 corresponding to the systolic period 105 are shown in the fourth stage 400, while the minor blood flow
- FIG. 9 From the accompanying drawings a graph of the signal from a pressure sensor is shown; where, after occluding the artery, pressure was released by recording the signal and a superior graph is shown showing the time as a function of the pressure in millimeters of mercury and a lower graph of the time as a function of the amplitude of the pressure wave 3, in both graphs the wave is observed to determine the systolic blood pressure of the systolic period of the arterial cycle 3, the appearance is observed of the diastolic blood pressure wave in the diastolic period of the arterial cycle 4; first supramaximal wave 2, second supramaximal wave 1.
- FIG. 10 This graph shows the measurement of diastolic and systolic blood pressure with an indirect oscillometric method 4, compared to the diastolic blood pressure measurement system with indirect method 2, and a processed flow sensor signal graph 1 is observed.
- a bar graph of the arterial flow signal 2 which shows, the systolic period 11, and the diastolic period 12, before a quantity of applied force, shows the moment to measure the diastolic blood pressure with the diastolic pressure measurement system with indirect method in the diastolic period of the arterial cycle 5, moment to measure the systolic blood pressure with the diastolic pressure measurement system with method indirect in the diastolic period of the arterial cycle 6, range of ocilometric systolic blood pressure measurement 7 , pressure range for ocilometric diastolic blood pressure 8.
- an electronic device for processing, analysis and registration of arterial manifestation 2000 consists of 6 units, a first main processing card unit 2050 , a second pressure sensor card unit 2100, a third flow sensor card unit 2150, a fourth phonogram sensor card unit 2200 a fifth laser sensor card unit 2250, a sixth vibration sensor card unit 2300 where said 2000 electronic card includes additional 2350 cards, 2400 input or output ports, 2450 memory, 2500 display output, 2550 power port.
- FIGURE 12 of the accompanying drawings shows a schematic of the block operation of the elements for measuring blood pressure including the internal elements of the electronic device for processing, analysis and recording of arterial manifestation 2000.
- the pressure sensor 2600 By applying an external pressure on the artery, the pressure sensor 2600 produces and sends a signal to said card 2100, in parallel to the information received by the flow sensor 2650 and sends to said card 2150.
- Said cards 2150 and 2100 they condition and send the signals to the main processing card 2050, where they are identified because each arterial manifestation is represented by a specific signal on said electronic card 2050, the signal corresponding to the Detection of an arterial manifestation is compared with the signal from the 2100 pressure sensor card to emit the measured value of arterial diastolic pressure.
- the pressure sensor 2600 produces and sends a signal to said card 2100, in parallel to the information received by the sensor in use, which can be sensor of phonogram 2700, laser sensor 2750, and sensor of vibration 2800 and sends to the corresponding card 2200, 2250, 2300 that at the same time said cards 2200, 2250, 2300 and 2100 condition and send the signals to the main processing card 2050 where they are identified because each arterial manifestation is represented by a specific signal on said electronic card 2050, the signal corresponding to the detection of an arterial manifestation is compared with the signal from the pressure sensor card 2100 to emit the arterial diastolic pressure measurement value.
- the present invention is shaped by a six phase and three means method; the PROCEDURE FOR MEASURING DIASTOLIC ARTERIAL PRESSURE (MIPAD), which directs the activities of a first MEDIUM THAT APPLIES FORCE OF EXTERNAL CONTACT GRADUAL MEASURE
- ApFGM a second medium ARTERIAL MANIFESTATION SENSOR (SMA) and a third one that is a MEASUREMENT AND DETECTION MEANS OF THE DIASTOLIC AND SYSTOLIC PERIOD OF THE ARTERIAL CYCLE (MDCA).
- the system and method for measuring blood pressure by its effects allows the measurement of systolic blood pressure without overpressure due to heartbeats generated after arterial occlusion.
- the present invention relates to a system and method for measuring blood pressure for its effects and additionally systolic blood pressure measurement, both measurements are made from the observations to the ARTERIAL MANIFESTATION (MA), also called MANIFESTATION OF THE ARTERIAL CYCLE (MCA) and are defined as the physical properties of the blood fluid and arterial wall with or without affection of force on the artery;
- the ARTERIAL MANIFESTATION of the blood fluid are the duration of the systolic and diastolic period of the arterial cycle, changes in pressure, changes in the movement of the flow, changes in velocity, changes in temperature, changes in volume, viscosity changes, mass and density changes;
- ARTERIAL MANIFESTATION from the arterial wall are time periods, changes in the cross-sectional area or arterial segment, changes in diameter, changes in perimeter, changes in length, changes in parietal tension, changes in vibrations .
- the system and method to measure blood pressure by its effects comprises a means with the function of pressing the artery, this medium is called "MEANS THAT APPLIES FORCE OF GRADUAL EXTERNAL CONTACT MEASUREMENT” which is defined as a device intended to apply force over the measurable artery gradually and measured in order to obliterate it and know the magnitude of the force applied, said medium is one of those commonly used in the state of the art and preferably is a bracelet attached to a pressure sensor, being able to be in another modality of tip or pinza; a means to detect arterial manifestations called “ARTERIAL MANIFESTATION SENSOR” defined as a means that when placed in a measurable arterial segment, allows to detect and emit the magnitude of some arterial manifestation in the time corresponding to a systolic period and the diastolic period of the arterial cycle; In this mode, said medium is a flow sensor that records and emits signals of blood movement in the measurable arterial segment and has the modalities of pressure sensor, laser sensor, vibration sensor
- a medium that receives the magnitude of the arterial manifestation emitted by the arterial manifestation Sensor and the magnitude of the pressure sensor to emit the value of blood pressure measurement in the systolic period and in the diastolic period of the arterial cycle, to said medium It is called MEASURING MEASUREMENT AND DETECTION OF THE DIASTOLIC AND SYSTOLIC PERIOD OF THE ARTERIAL CYCLE, in this modality we use an "ELECTRONIC DEVICE FOR PROCESSING ANALYSIS AND REGISTRATION OF ARTERIAL MANIFESTATION"; comprising a central circuit board in a complex and variable form electronic equipment with structural modality to adapt to the structure of various measuring instruments for the same purpose, as well as the programming of the cards for the general interaction of the electronic device.
- a motherboard with critical subsystems such as; ports, connectors, system memory, sound card, flow sensor card and pressure sensor card with the modalities of laser sensor card, vibration sensor card, phonogram sound sensor card and main processing card, the latter is in which the signals received from the pressure sensor are processed with oscillometry or compared to the flow sensor with the following modalities of the laser sensor, vibration sensor and sound sensor of the phonogram to record and emit a systolic or diastolic pressure value from the arterial manifestation of the systolic period and diastolic period of the arterial cycle, said medium has the modality of being mechanical by means of a graduated dial with indicators that move in response to pressure waves and decompression.
- a method to detect the arterial manifestation corresponding to the pressure of the systolic period and the pressure of the diastolic period of the arterial cycle said method is called a PROCEDURE FOR MEASURING THE INDASTECT METHOD OF DIASTOLIC ARTERIAL PRESSURE is defined as a procedure to identify and differentiate the systolic period and the diastolic period of the arterial cycle from the manifestations that the measurable artery generates with or without application of external contact force, in order to obtain the measurement of diastolic blood pressure by matching the external force applied on the artery with the force that the blood exerts on the arterial wall by obliteration of the artery in the diastolic period of the arterial cycle with the arterial de-obstruction modality in said period of the arterial cycle; additionally the measurement of systolic blood pressure without affecting the pressure overload due to heartbeats after arterial occlusion and in the systolic period of the arterial cycle.
- the integral development of the system and method for measuring blood pressure by its effects includes the following; FIRST PHASE: The MEASURING MEANS OF EXTERNAL GRADUAL MEASURED CONTACT FORCE (ApFGM) and the arterial manifestation sensor are placed on the measurable artery, the latter detects the arterial manifestations and sends them to the MEASUREMENT AND SYSTOLIC PERIOD OF THE DIASTOLIC PERIOD OF THE ARTERIAL CYCLE
- MDCA the MDCA analyzes and differentiates arterial manifestations, determining high and low magnitudes as a function of time with a cyclic character, establishing that an arterial manifestation that contains a high magnitude and a low one as a function of time is called the arterial cycle; of the arterial cycle a differentiation of the magnitude of the manifestations is made as a function of time, a greater magnitude is obtained with a shorter duration that is called the systolic period and an arterial manifestation with a smaller magnitude and with a longer duration than the one denominated diastolic period of the arterial cycle; with the MEDIUM THAT APPLIES GRADUAL EXTERNAL CONTACT FORCE MEASUREMENT (ApFGM) contact force is applied external, to the extent of not affecting systolic blood pressure and blood flow, this phase ends before affecting systolic blood flow with external force.
- ApFGM MEDIUM THAT APPLIES GRADUAL EXTERNAL CONTACT FORCE MEASUREMENT
- SECOND PHASE Continue applying gradual and measured external contact force in addition to recording and analyzing the manifestations of the systolic period and the diastolic period of the arterial cycle with the means used in the FIRST PHASE, until detecting the arterial manifestations corresponding to the systolic period that vary with With respect to the physical properties that it presented in the FIRST PHASE, the arterial manifestations of the diastolic period continue similar to the FIRST PHASE, because only the systolic period of the arterial cycle is affected by the external contact force applied.
- THIRD PHASE Gradual and measured external contact force continues to be applied, in addition to recording and analyzing the manifestations of the systolic period and the diastolic period of the arterial cycle with the means used in the FIRST PHASE, until detecting that the arterial manifestations corresponding to the diastolic period they vary with respect to the physical properties they presented in the FIRST PHASE, because the amount of force applied has come to affect the arterial blood flow in the diastolic period of the arterial cycle and the blood flow of the systolic period continues to be affected;
- This third phase is also called the diastolic pre-occlusion phase because it is detected before the artery in the diastolic period undergoes obliteration and ends just before the total obliteration of the diastolic period of the arterial cycle.
- FOURTH PHASE Continue applying gradual and measured external contact force in addition to recording and analyzing the manifestations of the systolic period and the diastolic period of the arterial cycle with the means used in the FIRST PHASE, until detecting that the arterial manifestations corresponding to the diastolic period disappear because The external contact force applied obliterates the artery in the diastolic period of the arterial cycle preventing blood flow during this period, at this time the DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE is measured by equalization of the force applied in the measurable artery with the magnitude of the force that the blood exerts on the wall of the artery from the arterial manifestations characteristic of the disappearance of the blood flow corresponding to the diastolic period of the arterial cycle.
- FIFTH PHASE Continue applying gradual and measured external contact force in addition to recording and analyzing the manifestations of the systolic period and the diastolic period of the arterial cycle with the means used in the FIRST PHASE, detecting that the artery in time corresponding to the diastolic period continues with obliteration and in the systolic arterial period the flow decreases significantly with respect to the FOURTH PHASE, this fifth phase is also called the systolic pre-occlusion phase; because it ends just before the artery in the systolic period undergoes obliteration.
- SIXTH PHASE Continue applying gradual and measured external contact force in addition to recording and analyzing the manifestations of the systolic period and the diastolic period of the arterial cycle with the means used in the FIRST PHASE, detecting that the arterial manifestations of the arterial cycle in its systolic period disappear in full because the artery undergoes total obliteration.
- the SYSTOLIC ARTERIAL PRESSURE is measured by equalizing the force applied in the measurable artery with the magnitude of the force exerted by the blood on the wall of the artery without overpressure due to the heartbeats generated after arterial occlusion.
- a PROCEDURE FOR MEASURING THE INDASTECT METHOD OF DIASTOLIC ARTERIAL PRESSURE (MIPAD) that directs the activities of a MEDIUM THAT APPLIES GRADUAL EXTERNAL CONTACT FORCE (ApFGM) which in this modality is a bracelet attached to a pressure sensor; an ARTERIAL MANIFESTATION SENSOR (SMA) which in this mode is a flow sensor;
- a MEASUREMENT AND DETECTION MEANS OF THE DIASTOLIC AND SYSTOLIC PERIOD OF THE ARTERIAL CYCLE (MDCA) which in this mode is a MOTHER ELECTRONIC CARD that basically operates, as seen in Figure 13, in two loops and two subsystems, a first loop and subsystem 3190 control and measurement of blood pressure and a second loop and subsystem 30 0 to collect, condition and analyze the data of the signal received from the SMA 3020 arterial manifestation sensor.
- the measurement of diastolic and systolic blood pressure from the diastolic and systolic periods respectively of an arterial cycle is performed, said measurements are developed by the PROCEDURE FOR MEASURING DIASTOLIC ARTERIAL PRESSURE (MIPAD) WITH INDIRECT METHOD which directs the activities of the ApFGM, SMA and MDCA media until obtaining the measurement of diastolic blood pressure and additionally systolic blood pressure in the systolic period without overpressure due to the heartbeats generated after arterial occlusion.
- MIPAD MEASURING DIASTOLIC ARTERIAL PRESSURE
- INDIRECT METHOD directs the activities of the ApFGM, SMA and MDCA media until obtaining the measurement of diastolic blood pressure and additionally systolic blood pressure in the systolic period without overpressure due to the heartbeats generated after arterial occlusion.
- the system and method for measuring blood pressure for its effects with the integration of mipad, apfgm, sma and mdca comprises the following phases.
- the cuff attached to a pressure sensor is placed on the measurable artery, which by means of a transducer performs the function of measuring the pressure applied to the cuff during the entire measurement process and at the end distal (in the direction of the hand) of the measurable artery arranged after the cuff is placed the flow sensor (SMA) which has a transducer with the function of capturing arterial manifestations and transforming them into electrical signal to be sent along with the signal which sends the pressure sensor to the electronic mother board (MDCA).
- ApFGM pressure sensor
- SMA flow sensor
- the programming of the motherboard in the second loop (as seen in Figure 13) or subsystem consists of the passage of the electrical signal through a band pass filter 3030, from the resulting signal the absolute values 3040 are obtained and a signal scaling 3050 for conditioning, finally the signal passes through a low pass filter 3060 and proceeds to the data analysis, the second loop and subsystem 3010 collects data on the variation of blood movement delimiting the systolic period and the 3070 diastolic period of the arterial cycle and measures any variation in each of these more specific periods
- the processing consists of a differentiation of the signal from its amplitude and frequency with which signals of high and low magnitudes are recorded as a function of time with Cyclic character, from the results of said analysis and differentiation is established, that a unit of arterial manifestations contains a magnitude d high and a low magnitude
- SECOND MIPAD PHASE Continue applying gradual external contact force and measure in addition to recording and analyzing the manifestations of the systolic period and the diastolic period of the arterial cycle with the means used in the FIRST PHASE, until detecting the arterial manifestations corresponding to the systolic period that vary With respect to the physical properties that it presented in the FIRST PHASE and the arterial manifestations of the diastolic period continue similar to the FIRST PHASE because only the systolic period of the arterial cycle is affected by the force of external contact applied.
- THIRD MIPAD PHASE Gradual and measured external contact force continues to be applied in addition to recording and analyzing the manifestations of the systolic period and the diastolic period of the arterial cycle with the means used in the FIRST PHASE, until detecting that the arterial manifestations corresponding to the diastolic period they vary with respect to the physical properties they presented in the FIRST PHASE because the amount of force applied has come to affect the arterial blood flow in the diastolic period of the arterial cycle and the blood flow of the systolic period continues to be affected;
- This third phase is also called the diastolic pre-occlusion phase because it is detected before the artery in the diastolic period undergoes obliteration and ends just before the total obliteration of the diastolic period of the arterial cycle.
- FOURTH PHASE IPAD Continue applying gradual and measured external contact force in addition to recording and analyzing the manifestations of the systolic period and the diastolic period of the arterial cycle with the means used in the FIRST PHASE. Variation samples are provided every millisecond and its amplitudes are reviewed and compared until detecting that the arterial manifestations corresponding to the diastolic period disappear finding a range of minimum or zero amplitude 3080 because the applied external contact force obliterates the artery in the diastolic period of the arterial cycle preventing that in this period there is blood flow , when finding this value, an interruption 3090 is activated in which we take the pressure value found in the first loop and first subsystem 3120, this value is stored in memory 3100 and corresponds to the value of the DIASTOLIC PRESSURE by force equalization applied in the measurable artery with the magnitu d of the force that the blood exerts on the wall of the artery from the arterial manifestations characteristic of the disappearance of the blood flow corresponding to
- the search continues in the third phase until this value 3200 of the fourth phase is found while the arterial manifestations of the systolic period remain present because the force of the blood in said period exceeds the contact force applied externally.
- FIFTH MIPAD PHASE Continue applying gradual external contact force and measure in addition to recording and analyzing the manifestations of the systolic period and the diastolic period of the arterial cycle with the means used in the FIRST PHASE, detecting that the artery in time corresponding to the diastolic period continues with obliteration and in the systolic arterial period the flow decreases significantly with respect to the FOURTH PHASE, Once stored the value of the diastolic pressure is continued with the measurement and the second subsystem continues to collect data from the 3130 blood variation, this fifth phase is also called the systolic pre-occlusion phase; because it ends just before the artery in the systolic period undergoes obliteration.
- SIXTH MIPAD PHASE Continue applying gradual and measured external contact force in addition to recording and analyzing the manifestations of the systolic period and the diastolic period of the arterial cycle with the means used in the FIRST PHASE, now analyzing the systolic period of the arterial cycle where the samples of the variations are reviewed and compared, to detect that the arterial manifestations of the arterial cycle in its systolic period disappear in their totality finding a range of minimum or zero amplitude value 3140 because the artery undergoes total obliteration, once this value is found 3180 corresponds at systolic pressure and is stored and displayed on a screen along with the value of the diastolic pressure 3160. If the variation in the amplitude of the signal in the systolic period does not reach the minimum or zero range, the search continues until it is found this value 3210
- the SYSTOLIC ARTERIAL PRESSURE is measured by equalizing the force applied in the measurable artery with the magnitude of the force exerted by the blood on the wall of the artery in the systolic period without overpressure due to the heartbeat generated after arterial occlusion.
- the system first checks whether there are at least three values equal to zero or with a minimum range in the diastolic period 3080 and second, at least three values equal to zero or With a minimum range in the systolic period 3140, then the decision is made to set the value or data found in the pressure sensor 3120, 3180 and determines the value of the diastolic and systolic pressure.
- the iPad using a pressure sensor and the oscillometric method as SMA; record and analyze the signals; the pressure oscillation signal of the systolic period of the arterial cycle in this phase disappears, leaving only supramaximal pressure oscillation signals; because the pressure applied externally at this time overcomes the pressure that the blood exerts on the arterial wall, however the pulse wave in the adjacent artery transmits to the apparatus that applies gradual external contact force measured the supramaximal arterial pulse waves detected with the pressure sensor, which are considered as the minimum or zero reference value or range.
- SIXTH MIPAD PHASE SYSTOLIC ARTERIAL PRESSURE is measured by equalizing the force applied in the measurable artery with the magnitude of the force that the blood exerts on the wall of the artery.
- the diastolic blood pressure can be measured using an ARTERIAL DESOBSTRUCTION METHOD (MDA) with an indirect method in this new system and method to measure the blood pressure by its effects, by removing gradual external contact force to the previously occluded artery until the force that the blood exerts on the arterial wall in the diastolic period of the arterial cycle overcomes the applied external force.
- MDA ARTERIAL DESOBSTRUCTION METHOD
- FIRST PHASE MDA With an electronic device for processing analysis and registration of arterial manifestation record and analyze the signals of the card of an arterial manifestation sensor and the card of an apparatus that applies measured gradual external contact force. Place the arterial manifestation sensor and the device that applies gradual external contact force measured on the measurable artery, apply force on the measurable artery until obliterated.
- THIRD PHASE MDA Continue removing gradual external force measurement applied to the measurable artery, and record and analyze the signals in the same manner as in the FIRST PHASE ARTERIAL DESOBSTRUCTION including its additional form with the pressure sensor and oscillometric method until the arterial manifestations are detected corresponding to the fact that the arterial blood flow in the diastolic period of the arterial cycle has exceeded the application of external force and at this time the DIASTOLIC ARTERIAL PRESSURE capable of overcoming the external contact force applied on the artery is measured.
- the arterial manifestation sensor is a pressure sensor and the method to use the oscillometric; record and analyze the signals with said electronic device of the FIRST PHASE from the pressure sensor because in the oscillation signal of the pressure sensor the signal of the apparatus that applies measured external contact force is included, in this phase the sensors are detected Blood pressure oscillations corresponding to the appearance of the diastolic blood pressure of the arterial cycle and DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE is measured because the external force applied to the measurable artery has expired upon detecting the appearance of an oscillation in the diastolic period attached to the existing one of the systolic period of the arterial cycle;
- the same measurement of diastolic blood pressure can be reached in this third phase of arterial obstruction with the identification of the following arterial manifestations using the following sensors.
- the phonogram or flow sensor detect; the appearance of the second sound or blood flow of the diastolic period of the arterial cycle, detect the disappearance of intermittent collisions of the arterial wall detect the appearance of the blood flow velocity of the diastolic period of the arterial cycle, detect the appearance of wall vibrations in the diastolic period of the arterial cycle, detect changes in the density of the frequency spectrum in the diastolic period of a cycle arterial, detect the variation of the diameter or volume of the artery in the diastolic period of an arterial cycle. ; With a temperature sensor; detect the variation of the temperature in the diastolic period of the arterial cycle.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
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- Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (15)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/MX2010/000003 WO2011087347A1 (es) | 2010-01-12 | 2010-01-12 | Sistema y método para medir la presión arterial por sus efectos |
JP2012548905A JP5698765B2 (ja) | 2010-01-12 | 2010-01-12 | 動脈圧の影響により動脈圧を測定する動脈圧測定システム及び方法 |
CN201080061312.3A CN102711598B (zh) | 2010-01-12 | 2010-01-12 | 通过动脉压的作用测量动脉压的系统和方法 |
CA2786248A CA2786248A1 (en) | 2010-01-12 | 2010-01-12 | System and method for the measurement of arterial pressure through the effects thereof |
RU2012134385/14A RU2535909C2 (ru) | 2010-01-12 | 2010-01-12 | Система и способ измерения артериального давления по его эффектам |
EP10843299.8A EP2524646B1 (en) | 2010-01-12 | 2010-01-12 | System and method for the measurement of arterial pressure through the effects thereof |
BR112012017251A BR112012017251B8 (pt) | 2010-01-12 | 2010-01-12 | sistema de medida de pressão arterial e método para medir a pressão arterial |
AU2010341901A AU2010341901B2 (en) | 2010-01-12 | 2010-01-12 | System and method for the measurement of arterial pressure through the effects thereof |
KR1020127021258A KR101690250B1 (ko) | 2010-01-12 | 2010-01-12 | 동맥압 측정 시스템 및 측정 방법 |
US12/866,854 US10653325B2 (en) | 2010-01-12 | 2010-01-12 | System and method for measuring arterial pressure by its effects |
MX2012007315A MX2012007315A (es) | 2010-01-12 | 2012-06-21 | Sistema y metodo para medir la presion arterial por sus efectos. |
IL220930A IL220930A (en) | 2010-01-12 | 2012-07-12 | A system and method for measuring arterial blood pressure through its effects |
HK13102432.7A HK1175090A1 (zh) | 2010-01-12 | 2013-02-26 | 通過動脈壓的作用測量動脈壓的系統和方法 |
IL239883A IL239883A (en) | 2010-01-12 | 2015-07-09 | Methods of measuring distal arterial pressure |
AU2015249117A AU2015249117B2 (en) | 2010-01-12 | 2015-10-29 | System and method for the measurement of arterial pressure through the effects thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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PCT/MX2010/000003 WO2011087347A1 (es) | 2010-01-12 | 2010-01-12 | Sistema y método para medir la presión arterial por sus efectos |
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PCT/MX2010/000003 WO2011087347A1 (es) | 2010-01-12 | 2010-01-12 | Sistema y método para medir la presión arterial por sus efectos |
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US (1) | US10653325B2 (es) |
EP (1) | EP2524646B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP5698765B2 (es) |
KR (1) | KR101690250B1 (es) |
CN (1) | CN102711598B (es) |
AU (2) | AU2010341901B2 (es) |
BR (1) | BR112012017251B8 (es) |
CA (1) | CA2786248A1 (es) |
HK (1) | HK1175090A1 (es) |
IL (2) | IL220930A (es) |
MX (1) | MX2012007315A (es) |
RU (1) | RU2535909C2 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2011087347A1 (es) |
Cited By (1)
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RU2652070C1 (ru) * | 2017-05-16 | 2018-04-24 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ПроМЕД" (ООО "ПроМЕД") | Электронный тонометр |
Families Citing this family (3)
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CN103083004A (zh) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-05-08 | 青岛盛福电子有限公司 | 电子血压计 |
RU2644299C1 (ru) * | 2016-10-25 | 2018-02-08 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Тамбовский государственный технический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "ТГТУ") | Осциллографический способ измерения артериального давления |
RU2638712C1 (ru) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-12-15 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт радиотехники и электроники им. В.А. Котельникова Российской академии наук | Пневматический сенсор для непрерывного неинвазивного измерения артериального давления |
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- 2010-01-12 RU RU2012134385/14A patent/RU2535909C2/ru active
- 2010-01-12 AU AU2010341901A patent/AU2010341901B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2010-01-12 WO PCT/MX2010/000003 patent/WO2011087347A1/es active Application Filing
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- 2010-01-12 JP JP2012548905A patent/JP5698765B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-01-12 CA CA2786248A patent/CA2786248A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-01-12 CN CN201080061312.3A patent/CN102711598B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2013
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102711598A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
BR112012017251B8 (pt) | 2021-06-22 |
EP2524646A4 (en) | 2016-12-14 |
MX2012007315A (es) | 2012-07-04 |
EP2524646B1 (en) | 2020-09-02 |
AU2010341901B2 (en) | 2016-02-18 |
KR20120120300A (ko) | 2012-11-01 |
KR101690250B1 (ko) | 2017-01-09 |
CA2786248A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
JP2013517047A (ja) | 2013-05-16 |
EP2524646A1 (en) | 2012-11-21 |
CN102711598B (zh) | 2016-03-16 |
BR112012017251A2 (pt) | 2020-08-18 |
IL220930A (en) | 2015-10-29 |
US20120022383A1 (en) | 2012-01-26 |
HK1175090A1 (zh) | 2013-06-28 |
US10653325B2 (en) | 2020-05-19 |
RU2012134385A (ru) | 2014-02-20 |
BR112012017251B1 (pt) | 2021-03-02 |
AU2015249117B2 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
JP5698765B2 (ja) | 2015-04-08 |
RU2535909C2 (ru) | 2014-12-20 |
AU2010341901A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
IL239883A (en) | 2017-08-31 |
IL239883A0 (en) | 2015-08-31 |
AU2015249117A1 (en) | 2015-11-12 |
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