WO2011084430A1 - Composition et méthode pour la réduction des frottements dans les moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Composition et méthode pour la réduction des frottements dans les moteurs à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011084430A1
WO2011084430A1 PCT/US2010/060338 US2010060338W WO2011084430A1 WO 2011084430 A1 WO2011084430 A1 WO 2011084430A1 US 2010060338 W US2010060338 W US 2010060338W WO 2011084430 A1 WO2011084430 A1 WO 2011084430A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition
saturated
fuel
glycerol ether
ppm
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2010/060338
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bruce D. Alexander
Original Assignee
Bp Corporation North America Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bp Corporation North America Inc. filed Critical Bp Corporation North America Inc.
Priority to AU2010340115A priority Critical patent/AU2010340115A1/en
Priority to CN201080058164XA priority patent/CN102666811A/zh
Publication of WO2011084430A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011084430A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/08—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving lubricity; for reducing wear
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C10L1/1857—Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/2383—Polyamines or polyimines, or derivatives thereof (poly)amines and imines; derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to friction modifiers and, more particularly, to a new fuel composition and method for reducing friction in internal combustion engines.
  • PFI port-fuel injection
  • GDI gasoline direct injection
  • Organic friction modifiers are compounds that can affect the boundary layer conditions experienced by the cylinder liner and piston ring interface under these severe engine operating conditions. These types of friction modifiers are surface active and produce a protective coating on the metal surface of the engine by forming a monolayer through the interaction of the metal surface with the poiar end of the friction modifier. Subsequent layers of the friction modifier can then build up to provide friction reduction in the boundary layer and help to prevent the two surfaces and their asperities from contacting each other.
  • the challenge in overcoming the frictional design limitations lies in identifying a friction modifier which can influence the boundary layer properties without leading to undesirable effects, such as intake valve deposits and oil thickening.
  • Friction modifier additives and detergents commonly added to combustible fuels are generally higher molecular weight compounds thai may not be completely burned during the combustion process within spark ignition engines.
  • some of the additive interacts with the lubricant oil film present in the combustion cylinder. This interaction allows some of the additive to become mixed with the lubricant.
  • the lubricant oil film is replenished, it becomes mixed with fresh lubricant from the main lubricant reservoir and some of the absorbed additive migrates past the piston rings and into the oil pan.
  • the amount of additive that is transferred from the fuel to the lubricant can be as high as about 30%. Based on typical friction modifier additive concentrations expected for gasoline, this level of transfer may lead to friction modifier concentrations in the lubricant of up to about 0.5 wt% over a 5,000 mile lube drain interval. Therefore, the addition of an organic friction modifier to a combustible fuel can impact the cylinder liner and piston ring frictional interaction directly within the combustion chamber and can also accumulate in a lubricant to improve the frictional properties in other parts of the engine drive train contacted by the motor oil (e.g., valve train, cam shaft, bearings, etc.).
  • the motor oil e.g., valve train, cam shaft, bearings, etc.
  • the fuel composition comprises a combustible fuel, an effective friction reducing amount of at least one saturated C 5 to C31 a-glycerol ether, and a detergent package.
  • the invention provides a fuel additive composition comprising an effective friction reducing amount of at least one saturated C 5 to C31 a-glycerol ether and a detergent package.
  • the invention also provides a method of reducing the amount of friction in an internal combustion engine comprising the step of adding to the engine a fuel composition comprising a combustible fuel, an effective friction reducing amount of at least one saturated C 5 to C31 ⁇ -glycerol ether, and a detergent package.
  • the inventive method effectively reduces the amount of friction in an internal combustion engine by adding the fuel composition of the present invention to the engine, thus leading to reduced wear, lower emissions, higher fuel economy, and increased net horsepower.
  • the present invention is directed to a new fuel composition and method for reducing the amount of friction in an internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel composition comprises a combustible fuel, an effective friction reducing amount of at least one saturated C 5 to C31 a-glycerol ether, and a detergent package.
  • the fuel composition is added to the internal combustion engine to effectively reduce the amount of friction in the engine.
  • the combustible fuels which may be used include gasoline and diesel fuel, with the preferred fuel being gasoline.
  • the gasoline can be derived from petroleum crude oil by conventional refining and blending processes, such as straight run distillation, hydrocracking, fluid catalytic cracking, thermal cracking, and various reforming technologies.
  • the saturated C 5 to C31 a-glycerol ethers which may be used as friction modifiers in the practice of the invention include hexy!-, octyl-, decyl-, dodecyl-, tetradecyl-, hexadecyl-, octadecyl-, eicosyl-, docosyl-, tetracosyl-glycerol ethers, and mixtures thereof.
  • Preferable saturated C 5 to C 31 -glycerol ethers include, but are not limited to, saturated C15 to C25 ⁇ -glycerol ethers.
  • the fuel composition preferably contains an effective friction reducing amount of the saturated C 5 to C31 ⁇ -glycerol ether in the range of from about 1 ppm to about 2000 ppm (parts per million). More preferably, the amount of the saturated C 5 to C31 ⁇ -glycerol ether present in the fuel composition is in the range of from about 5 ppm to about 1000 ppm, with about 10 ppm to about 500 ppm being most preferred.
  • the detergent packages which may be used in the practice of the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art and commercially available. Suitable commercial detergent packages include, but are not limited to, Keropur ® and Kerocom ® packages available from BASF A.G., HiTEC ® packages available from Afton Chemical Corporation, and OGA ® packages available from Chevron Oronite Company LLC.
  • the detergent packages typically include at least one deposit control additive, a corrosion inhibitor, a carrier fluid, and a solvent.
  • Some commercially available detergent packages do not contain a corrosion inhibitor and may be used in the practice of the present invention, however, it is preferred that a corrosion inhibitor be included.
  • the appropriate amount of each component in the detergent package will vary depending upon the specific engine performance benefit being sought and can be readily determined by those skilled in the art.
  • the detergent package typically contains at least one high molecular weight nitrogen-containing deposit control additive.
  • deposit control additives include polyalkylene amines, polyalkylene succinimides, Mannich bases, and polyether amines.
  • the preferred deposit control additive for use in the present invention is a polyisobutylene (PIB) amine. Examples of suitable PIB-amines are taught in U.S. Pat. No. 4,832,702, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the carrier fluids which may be used in the detergent package are preferably compatible with the combustible fuel and have the ability to dissolve or disperse the components of the detergent package.
  • Examples of conventional carrier fluids include mineral oils and synthetic oils, such as poly a-olefin oligomers, polyethers, polyether amines, and carboxylic esters of long chain alkanols.
  • An SRV ® instrument was utilized to determine the performance of a number of friction modifier additives.
  • the SRV instrument measures the coefficient of friction and wear scar of a lubricant resulting from the oscillation of a ball on a disc at a constant set of conditions.
  • SRV reciprocation tests were done using a commercial Castro! GTX ® 5W30 (GF-4) motor oil that was spiked with various commercially available organic friction modifier additives.
  • the organic friction modifier additives tested were glycerol monooleate (GMO), which was obtained from Oronite Chemical Company, oleylamide (Crodamide ® O), obtained from Croda Chemicals, glycerol monoo!eyl ether (FM- 618C), obtained from Adeka USA, hexadecyl-glycerol ether (chimyl alcohol), obtained from Wako Chemicals USA, and octadecyl-glycerol ether (batyl alcohol), obtained from TCI America Laboratory Chemicals. Test samples were prepared by mixing each organic friction modifier with the Castrol GTX 5W30 motor oil in accordance with the treat rates set forth below in Table 1.
  • Table 1 illustrate the superior performance of the batyl alcohol (octadecyl-glyceroi ether) relative to other known friction modifier additives. These data show that the coefficient of friction can be lowered by about 20% at 80°C and 25% at 120°C relative to that of a commercial Castrol GTX motor oil meeting the GF- 4 specifications through the use of the batyl alcohol additive at the 0.5 wt% treat rate. Also, at the 0.5 wt% treat rate, the coefficient of friction values are significantly lower than those of the GMO and Crodamide O additives at both temperatures. Both the GMO and Crodamide O additives are well-known friction modifier chemistries and have been used extensively in motor vehicle lubricants.
  • Intake valve deposit measurements were carried out on a Ford 2.3L engine dynamometer Intake Valve Deposit (IVD) Keep Clean test stand according to a modified version of the standard ASTM D6201 procedure. Each fuel test utilized clean valves and a cleaned engine to determine the Keep Clean performance of the fuel and additive combinations. Three fuels were then evaluated for their Keep Clean performance over a 50 hour test following a Coordinating Research Council (CRC) drive cycle. The first was a gasoline meeting ASTM D4814 that contained no additives (base fuel). The second was the same base fuel with a minimum amount of a commercial detergent package (160 ppmv) as required by the US EPA (i.e., the lowest additive concentration or LAC) which contained a PIB-amine, corrosion inhibitor, carrier fluid, solvent and dye.
  • CRC Coordinating Research Council
  • the final test was the base fuel with 160 ppmv of batyi alcohol and no detergent package. At the end of each Keep Clean test, the engine was disassembled and the intake valve deposits and the total combustion chamber deposits (TCD) were quantitatively measured. The results are shown below in Table 2.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition de carburant comprenant un carburant combustible, une quantité réduisant les frottements de façon efficace d'au moins un éther de α-glycérol en C5 à C31, et une formule détergente, ainsi qu'une méthode de réduction de la quantité de frottements dans un moteur à combustion interne par ajout de la composition de carburant au moteur.
PCT/US2010/060338 2009-12-21 2010-12-14 Composition et méthode pour la réduction des frottements dans les moteurs à combustion interne WO2011084430A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2010340115A AU2010340115A1 (en) 2009-12-21 2010-12-14 Composition and method for reducing friction in internal combustion engines
CN201080058164XA CN102666811A (zh) 2009-12-21 2010-12-14 用于减少内燃机中的摩擦的组合物和方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US28847109P 2009-12-21 2009-12-21
US61/288,471 2009-12-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011084430A1 true WO2011084430A1 (fr) 2011-07-14

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PCT/US2010/060338 WO2011084430A1 (fr) 2009-12-21 2010-12-14 Composition et méthode pour la réduction des frottements dans les moteurs à combustion interne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20110146144A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102666811A (fr)
AU (1) AU2010340115A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011084430A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4832702A (en) 1986-04-04 1989-05-23 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Polybutyl-and polyisobutylamines, their preparation, and fuel compositions containing these
JPH08283753A (ja) * 1995-04-20 1996-10-29 Kao Corp 軽油組成物
WO2001072390A1 (fr) 2000-03-30 2001-10-04 Huss Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Ensemble d'attractions foraines
EP1471131A1 (fr) * 2003-04-22 2004-10-27 Ethyl Corporation Sels modificateurs de coefficient de frottement à base d'acides carboxyliques et d'alkoxyamines comme additifs dans des compositions combustibles et méthodes les utilisant
WO2007094171A1 (fr) * 2006-02-14 2007-08-23 Adeka Corporation Composition de fioul

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5578090A (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-11-26 Bri Biodiesel fuel
JPH11209775A (ja) * 1998-01-22 1999-08-03 Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd 工作機械油組成物
US6866690B2 (en) * 2002-04-24 2005-03-15 Ethyl Corporation Friction modifier additives for fuel compositions and methods of use thereof
DE10356846A1 (de) * 2003-12-05 2005-07-14 Schülke & Mayr GmbH Stabilisatorzusammensetzungen auf Basis von Monoalkylglycerinethern und aromatischen Alkoholen
WO2009074608A1 (fr) * 2007-12-11 2009-06-18 Basf Se Amines utilisées comme renforçateurs de nettoyage de soupape d'admission

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4832702A (en) 1986-04-04 1989-05-23 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Polybutyl-and polyisobutylamines, their preparation, and fuel compositions containing these
JPH08283753A (ja) * 1995-04-20 1996-10-29 Kao Corp 軽油組成物
WO2001072390A1 (fr) 2000-03-30 2001-10-04 Huss Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Ensemble d'attractions foraines
EP1471131A1 (fr) * 2003-04-22 2004-10-27 Ethyl Corporation Sels modificateurs de coefficient de frottement à base d'acides carboxyliques et d'alkoxyamines comme additifs dans des compositions combustibles et méthodes les utilisant
WO2007094171A1 (fr) * 2006-02-14 2007-08-23 Adeka Corporation Composition de fioul

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2010340115A1 (en) 2012-07-12
CN102666811A (zh) 2012-09-12
US20110146144A1 (en) 2011-06-23

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