WO2011079658A1 - 一种实现业务主备切换的装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种实现业务主备切换的装置及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011079658A1
WO2011079658A1 PCT/CN2010/078794 CN2010078794W WO2011079658A1 WO 2011079658 A1 WO2011079658 A1 WO 2011079658A1 CN 2010078794 W CN2010078794 W CN 2010078794W WO 2011079658 A1 WO2011079658 A1 WO 2011079658A1
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Prior art keywords
control board
main
main control
signal
standby
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PCT/CN2010/078794
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冯景
王建伟
Original Assignee
中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Priority to EP10840447.6A priority Critical patent/EP2503734B1/en
Publication of WO2011079658A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011079658A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0654—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using network fault recovery
    • H04L41/0663—Performing the actions predefined by failover planning, e.g. switching to standby network elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/20—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
    • G06F11/2002—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where interconnections or communication control functionality are redundant
    • G06F11/2005—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where interconnections or communication control functionality are redundant using redundant communication controllers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H04L41/0695—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications the faulty arrangement being the maintenance, administration or management system

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switching technology of a main standby main control board in a communication device, in particular to a device and a method for realizing active/standby switching of services. Background technique
  • Communication devices in important locations in the network are not allowed to have a single point of failure.
  • These devices are generally equipped with two main control boards, one for the main control board and the other for the standby main control board.
  • the main control board serves as the core of control and management, and communicates with the service board to complete the normal functions of each module in the system.
  • the standby main control board serves as the backup of the main control board.
  • the system can perform the active/standby switchover automatically or manually, or the active/standby switchover is performed by plugging and unplugging the main control board, and the standby main control board is switched to the main control board to ensure The normal operation of the original business.
  • a communication device equipped with two main control boards generally sends the main signals of the main control board and the standby main control board to the service board through the backplane, and the service board determines the validity of the two main signals.
  • Which main control board is the main control board.
  • the service board needs to filter the main signal sent by the two main control boards before using it.
  • the two main control boards are the main control board A and the main control board B.
  • filter processing is performed on the service board.
  • the main signals of the filtered main control board are MasterA and MasterB respectively.
  • the service data and management data of the service board are simultaneously sent to the main control board A and the main control board B.
  • the receiving direction of the service data and the management data is selected by using a selector of two choices, namely: a service data selector and a management data selector.
  • the service data and the management data are selected as the main control board A or the main control board B, so that the service data and management data of the service board are communicated with the main control board, and the standby main control board is used.
  • the monitoring state ready to enter the main working state.
  • the filtering process of the main signal of the main control board is generally implemented by using a programmable device. Since it is necessary to confirm the state of the main signal by multiple samples, the filtered main signal will have milliseconds.
  • the delay of the level that is: At least milliseconds is required to determine the validity of the active signal.
  • the main signal of the main control board A as the main control board becomes invalid, and after filtering, at least After the millisecond time is required, it is determined that the master signal MasterA is invalid, and then the master/slave switchover action is performed.
  • the main control board B is used as the main control board, so that the main control board B main signal is valid, and the millisecond level is also required.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for implementing active/standby switchover, which can reduce the time of active/standby switchover, reduce the error or loss of service data and management data during the handover process, and improve system stability. Sex and reliability.
  • a device for implementing active/standby switchover of a service located in a programmable device of a service board, the device comprising:
  • the main signal processing module is used for combining the effectiveness of the main signal filtered by the main main control board, and the validity of the main signal of the main main control board at the arrival time of the last sampling period. Whether to use the standby main control board as the main main control board.
  • the main signal processing module is specifically configured to: when receiving the main signal filtered by the main main control board, if the main sampling signal arrives at the latest sampling period, the main main control board main signal changes from valid If it is invalid, it is determined that the control signal of the main control board is invalid, and the control signal of the standby main control board is forced to be valid.
  • the standby main control board is used as the main control board.
  • the device further comprises: a main signal filtering module, configured to respectively sample and filter the main signal of the main main control board and the main signal of the standby main control board, and determine the main signal after filtering by the main main control board. And the effectiveness of the primary signal filtered by the alternate main control board.
  • a main signal filtering module configured to respectively sample and filter the main signal of the main main control board and the main signal of the standby main control board, and determine the main signal after filtering by the main main control board. And the effectiveness of the primary signal filtered by the alternate main control board.
  • a method for implementing active/standby switchover of a service includes: when the main control board is filtered by the main control board, the main signal is invalid, and the main control signal of the main control board changes from the effective time when the last sample cycle arrives If it is invalid, immediately use the standby main control board as the main control board.
  • the method further includes: simultaneously sampling and filtering the primary signals of the primary main control board and the standby main control board, and according to each sample value Validity determines the validity of the primary signal filtered by the primary control board.
  • the standby main control board is used as the main main control board, and specifically: if the main control board main signal is changed from valid to invalid at the arrival time of the last sampling period, the main control board control signal is determined. Invalid, and immediately force the standby main control board control signal to be valid, and use the standby main control board as the main main control board.
  • the method further includes: if the main signal filtered by the main control board is valid, then determining whether the main signal after filtering by the standby main control board is valid, and if the main signal after filtering by the standby main control board is invalid, Perform the active/standby switchover. If the active main signal filtered by the standby main control board is valid, the active/standby switchover is not performed and an error is reported to the two main control boards.
  • the device and the method for realizing the active/standby switching of the service provided by the present invention for the communication device including the main main control board and the standby main control board, when the main signal of the main main control board is filtered by the sample filtering, the main function is filtered.
  • the signal is invalid, if the last time of the sample cycle arrives, the main control board
  • the active signal is changed from valid to invalid, it is determined that the control signal of the main control board is invalid, and the control signal of the standby main control board is forcibly activated, and the standby main control board is used as the main control board to realize service data and management. Fast switching of data.
  • the device and the method of the invention can reduce the time of the active/standby switchover, reduce the time of the active/standby switchover to the nanosecond level in the hardware, reduce the impact of the active/standby switchover operation on the system, and reduce the service during the handover process. Errors or loss of data and management data improve system stability and reliability. DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of main signal and data processing of a prior art main control board
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for implementing active/standby switchover of a service according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for implementing active/standby switchover of a service according to the present invention. detailed description
  • the basic idea of the present invention is: When the main signal of the main control board is filtered by the sample filtering to obtain the filtered main signal is invalid, if the latest sampling period arrives, the main main control board main signal is valid. If it becomes invalid, the standby main control board is immediately used as the main control board.
  • the device for implementing the active/standby switchover of the service provided by the present invention is located in a programmable device of the service board. As shown in FIG. 2, the device includes:
  • the main signal processing module is configured to combine the validity of the main signal filtered by the main main control board, and the validity of the main signal of the main main control board at the arrival time of the last sampling period, to determine whether the standby signal is to be used.
  • the main control board functions as the main control board to implement fast service switching.
  • the main signal processing module uses the standby main control board as the main main control board as follows: When the main signal received by the main main control board is invalid, if the main sampling period arrives at the latest time, the main use If the main control board's main signal changes from valid to invalid, it is determined that the main control board control signal is invalid, and the standby main control board control signal is forced to be valid immediately, and the standby main control board is used as the main main control board.
  • the device further includes: a main signal filtering module, configured to perform sampling and filtering on the main signal of the main main control board and the main signal of the standby main control board according to the fixed sampling period, and determine the main use The effectiveness of the main signal filtered by the main control board and the main signal filtered by the standby main control board.
  • the communication device includes two main control boards, namely, the main control board A and the main control board B, and the main control board A is mainly used as the main control at the beginning of the setting.
  • the main control board B is the standby main control board, and the service board communicates with the main control board A.
  • the main signal processing module receives the main signal of the main control board A after filtering.
  • the main signal processing module determines that the main control board control signal MasterA is invalid;
  • the master control board B is used as the active main control board, and the main control board A is used as the standby main control board.
  • the service is quickly switched to the main control board B for communication, which greatly saves the active and standby. Switching time can reduce the time between active and standby switching to nanoseconds, ensuring the normal operation of the original service.
  • the present invention provides a method for implementing active/standby switchover of a service.
  • the specific implementation process of the method is as shown in FIG. 3, and includes the following steps:
  • Step 301 Simultaneously filtering and filtering the main signals of the two main control boards
  • the main signal filtering module of the programmable device performs the sampling filtering on the main signal of the main control board A, and also performs the sampling filtering on the main signal of the main control board B, and the two are simultaneously performed;
  • the main signal of the main control board A is simply referred to as the main signal A
  • the main signal of the main control board B is referred to as the main signal B
  • the main control board A is taken as an example: the main control board A will use the main signal A
  • the programmable signal is sent to the service board; the main signal filtering module of the programmable device performs multiple sampling and filtering on the main signal A according to a fixed sampling period, for example, three times; wherein, in this step
  • Step 302 Determine whether the main signal after filtering by the main control board is valid; if the main signal filtered by the main control board is invalid, perform step 303; if the main signal filtered by the main control board is valid , step 306 is performed;
  • the main signal filtering module of the programmable device judges whether the main signal of the main control board A after filtering is valid according to each sample value.
  • the main signal filtered by the main control board A is simply referred to as filtering main use.
  • the signal A is specifically: if the primary signal A of the three samples is valid, the filtering main signal A is valid; if the primary signal A of the three times is invalid, the filtering main signal A is invalid. .
  • the main control board A is the main control board and the main control board B is the standby main control board in the initial state
  • the main signal A is valid and the main signal B is invalid.
  • the primary signal A of the three samples is valid, that is, the filter main signal A is valid; if the main control board A fails, the main signal A of the filter is invalid, indicating that the main signal A in the three samples is invalid once.
  • Step 303 determining whether the main control board main signal is changed from valid to invalid; if yes, executing step 304; if not, executing step 305;
  • this step after the filtering of the sample, when the filtering main signal A received by the main signal processing module of the programmable device is invalid, it is judged whether the main signal A has changed from valid to invalid at the latest sampling period arrival time. For example, after three times of sampling, if the filtering main signal A is invalid, the main signal processing module needs to judge whether the main signal A is changed from valid to invalid at the time when the third sampling period arrives; When the secondary sampling period arrives, the main signal A changes from valid to invalid, and step 304 is performed.
  • Step 304 Force the standby main control board control signal to be valid, perform active/standby switching, and end the current processing flow;
  • the main signal processing module of the programmable device determines that the main signal A is invalid from the valid state after the third sampling period arrives, and then confirms that the main control board control signal MasterA is invalid, and will immediately
  • the standby main control board control signal MasterB is forced to be valid; the result It can be used as the control signal for the active/standby switchover of the service data and management data of the service board.
  • the main control board B is used as the main control board, and the main control board A is used as the standby main control board to enable the service data selector and management data selection. Through the effective control signal MasterB, the service data and management data are quickly switched to the main control board B for communication.
  • the main signal processing module of the programmable device needs to comprehensively consider the validity of the filtering main signal A and the main signal A, that is, the filtering main signal received by the main signal processing module.
  • A is invalid
  • the main signal A is forced to become invalid when the last sampling cycle arrives.
  • the main control board B control signal MasterB is immediately forced to effective.
  • the above operation can reduce the time of the active/standby switching to the nanosecond level, without waiting for the main signal filtering module to pass through the sample and finally confirm that the filtering main signal B is valid, and then perform the active/standby switching operation, which greatly saves the switching time. Reduce the error or loss of business data and management data during the handover process, ensure the normal operation of the original service, and improve the stability and reliability of the system.
  • Step 305 Confirm that the main signal of the main control board is invalid, and end the current processing flow;
  • Step 306 Determine whether the main signal of the standby main control board is valid; if not, go to step 307; if it is valid, go to Step 308;
  • Step 307 It is confirmed that the filtering main signal of the main control board is valid, and the filtering main signal of the standby main control board is invalid, and the active/standby switching is not required, and the current processing flow is ended;
  • the main signal filtering module of the programmable device confirms that the filtering main signal A is valid, and the filtering main signal B is invalid, indicating that the communication device is in a normal state, and the main signal processing module of the programmable device is not in the main control.
  • the board control signal MasterA and the standby main control board control signal MasterB do any operation, that is, directly output the effective filter main signal A as the control signal MasterA, and the invalid filter main signal B as the control signal MasterB output, then control The signal master A is valid, the control signal Master B is invalid, and the main control board A is still used as the main control board. There is no need to perform active/standby switchover.
  • the service data and management data are still communicated through the main control board A.
  • Step 308 The master/slave switchover is not performed, and the two main control boards are reported at the same time.
  • the main signal filtering module of the programmable device passes the sample filtering, it is determined that the filtering main signal A and the filtering main signal B are valid, and in the normal state, only one filtering main signal is valid. That is, either the filtering main signal A is valid, or the filtering main signal B is valid, so it indicates that the communication device is in an abnormal state at this time, and the programmable device reports the error information to the two main control boards.
  • the main signal processing module of the programmable device does not perform any operation on the main control board control signal MasterA and the standby main control board control signal MasterB, that is, the effective filtering main signal A is directly used as the control signal MasterA, which will be effective.
  • the filter main signal B is used as the control signal MasterB.
  • the control signals MasterA and MasterB are valid, the service does not perform the active/standby switchover, and the main control board A for the main use is still used as the main control board, and the service data is used. And the management data still communicates through the main control board A.

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Description

一种实现业务主备切换的装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及通讯设备中主备用主控板的切换技术， 特别是指一种实现 业务主备切换的装置及方法。 背景技术
处于网络中重要位置的通讯设备， 不允许出现单点故障， 这些设备一 般都会配备两块主控板， 其中一块用作主用主控板， 另一块用作备用主控 板。 正常运行时主用主控板作为控制和管理的核心， 与业务板进行业务通 讯， 完成系统内各模块的正常功能； 而备用主控板则作为主用主控板的备 份， 当主用主控板因出现故障或者软硬件升级时， 系统可通过自动或手动 进行主备切换， 或者通过插拔主用主控板进行主备切换， 将备用主控板切 换为主用主控板， 以保证原业务的正常运行。
配备有两块主控板的通讯设备， 一般将主用主控板和备用主控板各自 的主用信号通过背板送给业务板， 业务板根据这两个主用信号的有效性， 确定哪块主控板是主用主控板。 考虑到自动、 手动主备切换， 特别是插拔 主用主控板时可能对主用信号产生干扰， 所以业务板需要对两块主控板给 出的主用信号进行滤波处理后才使用。
如图 1所示， 假设两块主控板分别为主控板 A和主控板 B, 主控板 A 和主控板 B的主用信号送给业务板后， 在业务板上面进行滤波处理， 以去 除干扰信号， 滤波后的主控板主用信号分别为 MasterA和 MasterB。 业务板 的业务数据和管理数据同时发送给主控板 A和主控板 B , 业务数据和管理 数据的接收方向使用二选一的选择器进行选择， 即： 业务数据选择器和管 理数据选择器通过主用信号 MasterA和 MasterB的有效性， 来控制接收的 业务数据和管理数据是选择主控板 A、 还是主控板 B作为主用主控板， 这 样确保了业务板的业务数据和管理数据都是和主用主控板进行通讯， 备用 主控板处在监测状态， 随时准备进入主用工作状态。
现有技术中， 对主控板主用信号的滤波处理一般釆用可编程器件实现， 由于需要通过多次釆样以确认主用信号状态是否有效， 所以滤波后的主用 信号就会有毫秒级的延时， 即： 至少需要毫秒级的时间才能确定主用信号 的有效性， 例如， 作为主用主控板的主控板 A主用信号变为无效， 则经过 釆样滤波后， 至少需要经过毫秒级的时间， 才能确定出主用信号 MasterA 无效， 再进行主备切换动作， 将主控板 B作为主用主控板， 使主控板 B主 用信号有效， 还需经过毫秒级的时间确定出主用信号 MasterB有效， 选择 器根据有效的主用信号 MasterB将主控板 B作为主用主控板， 进行业务数 据和管理数据的通讯。 由此可见， 由于主备切换过程中存在毫秒级时间的 延时， 可能会使主备切换过程中正在传输的业务数据和管理数据出错或丟 失； 特别是同步以太网和 1588系统设备， 对系统时钟和 1588协议包的实 时性要求很高， 主备切换时间过长就可能导致系统时钟或者 1588协议包错 误， 从而使系统不能正常工作。 发明内容
有鉴于此， 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种实现业务主备切换的装置 及方法， 能减少主备切换的时间， 降低切换过程中业务数据和管理数据的 出错或丟失， 进而提高系统的稳定性和可靠性。
为解决上述技术问题， 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种实现业务主备切换的装置， 位于业务板的可编程器件中， 该装置 包括：
主用信号处理模块， 用于结合主用主控板滤波后的主用信号的有效性， 以及在最近一次釆样周期到达时刻， 主用主控板主用信号的有效性， 确定 是否将备用主控板作为主用主控板。
所述主用信号处理模块具体用于： 当接收到主用主控板滤波后的主用 信号无效时， 若在最近一次釆样周期到达时刻， 主用主控板主用信号从有 效变为无效， 则确定主用主控板控制信号无效， 并立即将备用主控板控制 信号强制为有效， 将备用主控板作为主用主控板。
该装置还包括： 主用信号滤波模块， 用于分别对主用主控板主用信号 和备用主控板主用信号进行釆样和滤波， 并确定主用主控板滤波后的主用 信号和备用主控板滤波后的主用信号的有效性。
一种实现业务主备切换的方法， 该方法包括： 当主用主控板经过釆样 滤波后的主用信号无效， 且在最近一次釆样周期到达时刻主用主控板主用 信号从有效变为无效时， 立即将备用主控板作为主用主控板。
所述确定经过釆样滤波后的主用信号无效之前， 该方法还包括： 同时 对主用主控板和备用主控板的主用信号进行釆样和滤波， 并根据每一次釆 样值的有效性判断主用主控板滤波后的主用信号的有效性。
所述将备用主控板作为主用主控板， 具体为： 若在最近一次釆样周期 到达时刻， 主用主控板主用信号从有效变为无效， 则确定主用主控板控制 信号无效， 并立即将备用主控板控制信号强制为有效， 将备用主控板作为 主用主控板。
该方法还包括： 如果主用主控板滤波后的主用信号有效， 则继续判断 备用主控板滤波后的主用信号是否有效， 若备用主控板滤波后的主用信号 无效， 则不进行主备切换； 若备用主控板滤波后的主用信号有效， 则不进 行主备切换， 并向两个主控板报错。
本发明所提供的实现业务主备切换的装置及方法， 对于含有主用主控 板和备用主控板的通讯设备， 当主用主控板的主用信号经过釆样滤波得到 滤波后的主用信号无效时， 如果在最近一次釆样周期到达时刻主用主控板 主用信号从有效变为无效， 则确定主用主控板控制信号无效， 并立即将备 用主控板控制信号强制为有效， 将备用主控板作为主用主控板， 实现业务 数据和管理数据的快速切换。 釆用本发明所述的装置及方法， 可减少主备 切换的时间， 在硬件上使主备切换的时间降低到纳秒级， 降低了主备切换 操作对系统的影响， 减少切换过程中业务数据和管理数据的出错或丟失， 提高了系统的稳定性和可靠性。 附图说明
图 1为现有技术主控板主用信号与数据处理框图；
图 2为本发明实现业务主备切换的装置结构示意图；
图 3为本发明实现业务主备切换的方法流程图。 具体实施方式
本发明的基本思想是： 当主用主控板的主用信号经过釆样滤波得到滤 波后的主用信号无效时， 如果在最近一次釆样周期到达时刻， 主用主控板 主用信号从有效变为无效， 则立即将备用主控板作为主用主控板。
下面以具体实施例对本发明的实现过程进行详细描述。
本发明所提供的实现业务主备切换的装置， 位于业务板的可编程器件 中， 如图 2所示， 该装置包括：
主用信号处理模块， 用于结合主用主控板滤波后的主用信号的有效性， 以及在最近一次釆样周期到达时刻， 主用主控板主用信号的有效性， 确定 是否将备用主控板作为主用主控板， 以实现业务的快速切换。
所述主用信号处理模块将备用主控板作为主用主控板具体为： 当接收 到主用主控板滤波后的主用信号无效时， 若在最近一次釆样周期到达时刻， 主用主控板主用信号从有效变为无效， 则确定主用主控板控制信号无效， 并立即将备用主控板控制信号强制为有效， 将备用主控板作为主用主控板。 该装置还包括： 主用信号滤波模块， 用于根据固定的釆样周期， 分别 对主用主控板的主用信号和备用主控板的主用信号进行釆样和滤波， 并确 定主用主控板滤波后的主用信号和备用主控板滤波后的主用信号的有效 性。
根据本发明所述的装置， 在本实施例中， 通讯设备中含有两个主控板， 即主控板 A和主控板 B, 4艮设开始时以主控板 A为主用主控板， 主控板 B 为备用主控板， 业务板与主控板 A进行正常通讯； 当主控板 A出现故障， 主用信号处理模块接收到主控板 A滤波后的主用信号无效时， 判断最近一 次釆样周期到达时刻主控板 A主用信号是否从有效变为无效， 若是从有效 变为无效， 则主用信号处理模块确定主用主控板控制信号 MasterA无效； 并立即将备用主控板控制信号 MasterB强制为有效， 将主控板 B作为主用 主控板，主控板 A作为备用主控板，将业务迅速切换到主控板 B进行通讯， 大大节省了主备切换时间， 可使主备切换的时间降低至纳秒级， 保证了原 业务的正常运行。
基于上述装置， 本发明提供了一种实现业务主备切换的方法， 该方法 的具体实现过程如图 3所示， 包括以下步骤：
步骤 301: 同时对两个主控板的主用信号进行釆样并滤波；
本步骤中 , 可编程器件的主用信号滤波模块对主控板 A的主用信号进 行釆样滤波的同时， 也在对主控板 B的主用信号进行釆样滤波， 两者同时 进行；
以下， 将主控板 A的主用信号简称为主用信号 A, 主控板 B的主用信 号简称为主用信号 B; 以主控板 A为例： 主控板 A将主用信号 A送给业务 板上的可编程器件； 可编程器件的主用信号滤波模块根据固定的釆样周期， 对主用信号 A进行多次釆样和滤波， 例如三次釆样； 其中， 本步骤中的釆 样和滤波过程为现有技术， 在此不做详细描述。 步骤 302: 判断主用主控板滤波后的主用信号是否有效； 若主用主控板 滤波后的主用信号无效， 则执行步骤 303; 若主用主控板滤波后的主用信号 有效， 则执行步骤 306;
本步骤中， 可编程器件的主用信号滤波模块根据每一次釆样值判断主 控板 A滤波后的主用信号是否有效， 以下将主控板 A滤波后的主用信号简 称为滤波主用信号 A; 具体为： 如果三次釆样的主用信号 A都有效， 则滤 波主用信号 A有效； 如果三次釆样的主用信号 A中， 只要有一次为无效， 则滤波主用信号 A无效。
本实施例中， 因在开始状态下是以主控板 A为主用主控板， 主控板 B 为备用主控板， 所以正常时， 主用信号 A有效， 主用信号 B无效， 即三次 釆样的主用信号 A都有效，即滤波主用信号 A有效；若主控板 A出现故障， 使滤波主用信号 A无效时， 说明三次釆样中的主用信号 A有一次无效。
步骤 303: 判断主用主控板主用信号是否从有效变为无效； 若是， 则执 行步骤 304; 若否， 则执行步骤 305;
本步骤中， 经过釆样滤波后， 当可编程器件的主用信号处理模块接收 到的滤波主用信号 A无效时， 判断最近一次釆样周期到达时刻， 主用信号 A是否从有效变为无效； 例如， 经过三次釆样时， 滤波主用信号 A无效， 则主用信号处理模块需要判断主用信号 A是不是在第三次釆样周期到达的 时刻从有效变为无效； 若在第三次釆样周期到达的时刻， 主用信号 A发生 了从有效到无效的变化， 则执行步骤 304。
步骤 304: 将备用主控板控制信号强制为有效， 进行主备切换， 结束当 前处理流程；
本步骤中， 可编程器件的主用信号处理模块在第三次釆样周期到达的 时刻判断主用信号 A 从有效变成无效后， 则确认主用主控板控制信号 MasterA无效， 并立即将备用主控板控制信号 MasterB强制为有效； 该结果 可作为业务板的业务数据和管理数据进行主备切换的控制信号， 即将主控 板 B作为主用主控板， 将主控板 A作为备用主控板， 使业务数据选择器及 管理数据选择器通过有效的控制信号 MasterB,将业务数据和管理数据快速 切换到主控板 B进行通讯。
这里， 在上述两个步骤中， 可编程器件的主用信号处理模块需要将滤 波主用信号 A与主用信号 A的有效性进行综合考虑， 即当主用信号处理模 块接收到的滤波主用信号 A无效时， 同时判断出在最近一次釆样周期到达 时主用信号 A从有效变成无效后， 在滤波主用信号 B还处于无效状态时， 就立即将主控板 B控制信号 MasterB强制为有效。
上述操作可以将主备切换的时间降低为纳秒级， 而不用等到主用信号 滤波模块经过釆样并最终确认滤波主用信号 B有效后， 再进行主备切换操 作， 大大节省了切换的时间， 减少切换过程中业务数据和管理数据的出错 或丟失， 保证了原业务的正常运行， 提高了系统的稳定性和可靠性。
步骤 305: 确认主用主控板的主用信号无效， 结束当前处理流程； 步骤 306: 判断备用主控板滤波主用信号是否有效； 若无效， 则转至步 骤 307; 若有效， 则转至步骤 308;
本步骤中， 通过可编程器件的主用信号滤波模块将主用信号 B釆样、 滤波后， 判断滤波主用信号 B是否有效。
步骤 307: 确认主用主控板的滤波主用信号有效、备用主控板的滤波主 用信号无效， 无需进行主备切换， 结束当前处理流程；
本步骤中，可编程器件的主用信号滤波模块确认滤波主用信号 A有效、 滤波主用信号 B无效， 则说明通讯设备处于正常状态， 可编程器件的主用 信号处理模块不对主用主控板控制信号 MasterA及备用主控板控制信号 MasterB 做任何操作， 即直接将有效的滤波主用信号 A 作为控制信号 MasterA输出，将无效的滤波主用信号 B作为控制信号 MasterB输出，则控 制信号 MasterA有效， 控制信号 Master B无效， 主控板 A仍作为主用主控 板， 无需进行主备切换， 业务数据和管理数据仍通过主控板 A进行通讯。
步骤 308: 不进行主备切换， 同时向两个主控板报错。
本步骤中， 可编程器件的主用信号滤波模块经过釆样滤波后， 判断滤 波主用信号 A及滤波主用信号 B都有效， 因正常状态下， 只能存在一个滤 波主用信号有效的情况， 即或者滤波主用信号 A有效， 或者滤波主用信号 B 有效， 所以表明此时通讯设备处于异常状态， 可编程器件向两个主控板 上报错误信息。
但可编程器件的主用信号处理模块不对主用主控板控制信号 MasterA、 及备用主控板控制信号 MasterB做任何操作， 即直接将有效的滤波主用信 号 A作为控制信号 MasterA, 将有效的滤波主用信号 B 作为控制信号 MasterB; 此时， 虽然控制信号 MasterA及 MasterB都有效， 但业务不进行 主备切换， 仍然使用先为主用的主控板 A作为主用主控板， 业务数据和管 理数据仍然通过主控板 A进行通讯。
以上所述， 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围， 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进 等， 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种实现业务主备切换的装置， 位于业务板的可编程器件中， 其特 征在于， 该装置包括：
主用信号处理模块， 用于结合主用主控板滤波后的主用信号的有效性， 以及在最近一次釆样周期到达时刻， 主用主控板主用信号的有效性， 确定 是否将备用主控板作为主用主控板。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述主用信号处理模块 具体用于： 当接收到主用主控板滤波后的主用信号无效时， 若在最近一次 釆样周期到达时刻， 主用主控板主用信号从有效变为无效， 则确定主用主 控板控制信号无效， 并立即将备用主控板控制信号强制为有效， 将备用主 控板作为主用主控板。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的装置， 其特征在于， 该装置还包括： 主 用信号滤波模块， 用于分别对主用主控板主用信号和备用主控板主用信号 进行釆样和滤波， 并确定主用主控板滤波后的主用信号和备用主控板滤波 后的主用信号的有效性。
4、 一种实现业务主备切换的方法， 其特征在于， 该方法包括： 当主用主控板经过釆样滤波后的主用信号无效， 且在最近一次釆样周 期到达时刻主用主控板主用信号从有效变为无效时， 立即将备用主控板作 为主用主控板。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述确定经过釆样滤波 后的主用信号无效之前， 该方法还包括： 同时对主用主控板和备用主控板 的主用信号进行釆样和滤波， 并根据每一次釆样值的有效性判断主用主控 板滤波后的主用信号的有效性。
6、 根据权利要求 4或 5所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述将备用主控板 作为主用主控板， 具体为： 若在最近一次釆样周期到达时刻， 主用主控板 主用信号从有效变为无效， 则确定主用主控板控制信号无效， 并立即将备 用主控板控制信号强制为有效， 将备用主控板作为主用主控板。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的方法， 其特征在于， 该方法还包括： 如果主 用主控板滤波后的主用信号有效， 则继续判断备用主控板滤波后的主用信 号是否有效， 若备用主控板滤波后的主用信号无效， 则不进行主备切换； 若备用主控板滤波后的主用信号有效， 则不进行主备切换， 并向两个主控 板报错。
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