WO2011074612A1 - 核融合ターゲット材、核融合装置、及び核融合方法 - Google Patents
核融合ターゲット材、核融合装置、及び核融合方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011074612A1 WO2011074612A1 PCT/JP2010/072573 JP2010072573W WO2011074612A1 WO 2011074612 A1 WO2011074612 A1 WO 2011074612A1 JP 2010072573 W JP2010072573 W JP 2010072573W WO 2011074612 A1 WO2011074612 A1 WO 2011074612A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21B—FUSION REACTORS
- G21B1/00—Thermonuclear fusion reactors
- G21B1/03—Thermonuclear fusion reactors with inertial plasma confinement
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H6/00—Targets for producing nuclear reactions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21B—FUSION REACTORS
- G21B1/00—Thermonuclear fusion reactors
- G21B1/11—Details
- G21B1/15—Particle injectors for producing thermonuclear fusion reactions, e.g. pellet injectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21B—FUSION REACTORS
- G21B1/00—Thermonuclear fusion reactors
- G21B1/11—Details
- G21B1/19—Targets for producing thermonuclear fusion reactions, e.g. pellets for irradiation by laser or charged particle beams
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21B—FUSION REACTORS
- G21B3/00—Low temperature nuclear fusion reactors, e.g. alleged cold fusion reactors
- G21B3/006—Fusion by impact, e.g. cluster/beam interaction, ion beam collisions, impact on a target
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fusion target material, a fusion apparatus, and a fusion method using laser light.
- Non-patent document 1 and patent document 1 below are known as conventional examples of nuclear fusion generation methods using laser light.
- an irradiation member formed by applying a deuterium-substituted plastic to a thin film such as Mylar is instantaneously irradiated with a laser beam to generate high-energy hydrogen nuclei, and the hydrogen nuclei are irradiated.
- a target member arranged at a predetermined distance from the member is irradiated to induce a nuclear fusion reaction.
- Non-Patent Document 1 two laser pulses are applied to a target material formed by depositing deuterium-substituted polyethylene (C 2 D 4 ) x on an aluminum plate at a predetermined time interval (300 psec). Inject continuously to induce a fusion reaction.
- C 2 D 4 deuterium-substituted polyethylene
- the target material is turned into plasma by the first laser pulse of the two laser pulses, and then the ions in the plasma are heated to a higher temperature by the second laser pulse.
- a laser beam having a relatively large energy is required to efficiently generate a thermonuclear fusion reaction with an optimum ion concentration in the plasma.
- sufficient energy efficiency cannot be obtained. As a result, it is difficult for both methods to generate a fusion reaction with high energy efficiency.
- An object is to provide an apparatus and a fusion method.
- a fusion target material of the present invention is a fusion target material for generating a nuclear fusion reaction by irradiating a laser beam, and includes a first film containing deuterium or tritium.
- a first target layer having a thickness; a second target layer stacked on the first target layer and having a second thickness smaller than the first thickness containing deuterium or tritium; Is provided.
- the nuclear fusion apparatus of the present invention includes the above-described fusion target material, a vacuum container that accommodates the fusion target material, and a second target layer that is continuous toward the second target layer of the fusion target material.
- a laser beam irradiating unit that irradiates a laser beam including the second pulsed light, wherein the intensity of the first pulsed light is smaller than the intensity of the second pulsed light and is The target layer is set to a value that can be peeled off.
- the nuclear fusion method of the present invention is a nuclear fusion method for generating a nuclear fusion reaction by irradiating a laser beam, the first target having a first film thickness containing deuterium or tritium.
- a fusion target material comprising a layer and a second target layer stacked on the first target layer and having a second film thickness that is less than the first film thickness containing deuterium or tritium,
- a first pulse comprising: placing in a vacuum; and irradiating a laser beam including two continuous first and second pulse lights toward a second target layer of a fusion target material.
- the intensity of light is set to a value that is smaller than the intensity of the second pulsed light and that can peel the second target layer from the first target layer.
- the fusion target material including two layers of the first and second target layers containing deuterium or tritium is disposed in a vacuum.
- the second target layer can be peeled from the first target layer by irradiating the first pulse light toward the second target layer which is a thin film layer.
- the second pulse light continuous to the first pulse light is irradiated to the second target layer at a predetermined time interval, whereby the ion beam generated from the first target layer is separated by a predetermined distance. Since sufficient acceleration can be performed toward the second target layer, the first target layer can be irradiated with a high-energy ion beam.
- the fusion reaction can be generated with high efficiency in the vicinity of the first target layer, and the generation efficiency of neutrons is improved.
- the size of the apparatus can be easily reduced by employing a target material including two target layers.
- the fusion reaction can be induced with relatively high efficiency, and the apparatus can be miniaturized.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the structure of a fusion device 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the induced state of the fusion reaction in the nuclear fusion apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a structure of a fusion device 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the fusion device 1 is a device for generating a neutron by inducing a fusion reaction by laser light irradiation, and a laser device (laser light irradiation unit) 3 for irradiating the laser light, and the inside is in a vacuum state.
- a maintained vacuum vessel 5 and a fusion target material 7 housed in the vacuum vessel 5 are provided.
- the laser device 3 can irradiate an ultrashort pulse laser beam having a pulse width of about 100 fs, and examples of the laser medium include a titanium sapphire crystal, which includes a beam splitting unit, a pulse delay unit, a beam coupling unit, and the like. It is a device to do. Further, the laser device 3 is configured to be able to continuously irradiate the ultrashort pulse laser beam at a predetermined time interval (for example, every several hundred ps). The laser device 3 is arranged so as to irradiate an ultrashort pulse toward the fusion target material 7 in the vacuum vessel 5.
- the fusion target material 7 has a two-layer structure including a target substrate (first target layer) 7a and a thin film layer (second target layer) 7b stacked on the target substrate 7a. Is supported so that the surface on the thin film layer 7b side faces the laser device 3 side.
- This target substrate 7a is a flat solid material having a film thickness of several hundred ⁇ m to about 1 mm containing deuterium or tritium, and hydrogen in the solid material is substituted with deuterium or tritium.
- deuterium-substituted polystyrene (C 8 D) in which hydrogen in an organic material containing carbon and hydrogen such as plastic represented by polystyrene (C 8 H 8 ) X is substituted with deuterium. 8 ) X is used.
- the thin film layer 7b laminated on the target substrate 7a having the above composition is a metal thin film having a thickness of 1 ⁇ m or less thinner than the target substrate 7a containing deuterium or tritium, and occludes deuterium or tritium into the metal thin film. It has been made.
- a heavy metal such as titanium or palladium that easily absorbs hydrogen is used. After depositing such a heavy metal on the target substrate 7a with a film thickness of several to several tens of nm, the heavy hydrogen is occluded. By doing so, the thin film layer 7b is formed.
- the target substrate 7a and the thin film layer 7b may contain either deuterium or tritium, or both may be contained in an appropriate ratio.
- the fusion device 1 is prepared, and after the fusion target material 7 is disposed in the vacuum vessel 5 so that the thin film layer 7b faces the laser irradiation direction of the laser device 3, the inside of the vacuum vessel 5 is predetermined. Evacuate to the degree of vacuum.
- the thin film layer 7 b of the fusion target material 7 is irradiated with a first pulse laser beam having a pulse width of about 100 fs from the laser device 3. Further, immediately after that, a second pulse laser beam having a pulse width of about 100 fs to 1 ps is continuously transmitted from the laser device 3 to the thin film layer 7b of the fusion target material 7 with a predetermined time interval. Irradiate.
- the second pulse laser beam may include a pre-pulse laser in order to generate pre-plasma in the thin film layer 7b.
- the intensity of the first pulse laser beam is set to a value on the order of 10 15 W / cm 2
- the intensity of the second pulse laser beam is set to a value on the order of 10 18 W / cm 2
- the intensity of the first pulse laser beam is made sufficiently smaller than the intensity.
- the intensity of the first pulse laser beam is set to such an intensity that the thin film layer 7b is peeled off from the target substrate 7a and the material of the thin film layer 7b is not turned into plasma.
- the time interval between the first pulsed laser beam and the second pulsed laser beam is set to several hundreds ps as a value such that the thin film layer 7b is peeled off from the target substrate 7a and flies about a distance of 1 to 10 ⁇ m.
- continuous two pulsed light refers to two pulsed light having a time interval such that the thin film layer 7b is peeled from the target substrate 7a and flies by a distance of 1 to 10 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an induced state of the fusion reaction in the fusion apparatus 1.
- the irradiation timing of the second pulse laser beam P 2 is preferably the timing at which the distance D1 is 1 ⁇ m or more so that the deuterium ions are sufficiently accelerated, and the deuterium ions diffuse and the target It is preferable that the distance D1 be 10 ⁇ m or less so that the density of deuterium ions reaching the substrate 7a does not decrease.
- the fusion target material 7 including two layers of the deuterium or tritium-containing target substrate 7a and the thin film layer 7b is placed in the vacuum vessel 5.
- the first pulse laser beam By arranging and irradiating the first pulse laser beam toward the thin film layer 7b, the thin film layer 7b can be peeled off from the target substrate 7a.
- the second pulse laser beam continuous to the first pulse laser beam is irradiated to the thin film layer 7b with a predetermined time interval, whereby the ion beam generated from the thin film layer 7b is directed toward the target substrate 7a separated by a predetermined distance.
- the target substrate 7a can be sufficiently accelerated, a high energy ion beam can be irradiated onto the target substrate 7a. As a result, a fusion reaction can be generated with high efficiency inside the target substrate 7a, and the generation efficiency of neutrons corresponding to the fusion reaction is also improved.
- the fusion target material 7 consisting of two layers is arranged in the vacuum vessel 5, it is not necessary to use a large-scale accelerator or nuclear reactor as in the prior art, so the size of the apparatus can be easily reduced. It becomes.
- the ion beam having directivity is sufficiently accelerated and collided with the target material to induce nuclear fusion, so that heat using conventional laser light can be used in the case of low laser energy conditions.
- heat using conventional laser light can be used in the case of low laser energy conditions.
- more neutrons can be generated with respect to the input energy, and high energy efficiency can be achieved.
- the target substrate 7a is obtained by replacing hydrogen in a solid material containing hydrogen with deuterium or tritium, the arrangement structure of the target substrate 7a in the vacuum vessel 5 is simplified.
- the thin film layer 7b can be easily stacked on the target substrate 7a.
- the thin film layer 7b is a metal thin film that occludes deuterium or tritium, the stacking process on the target substrate 7a is facilitated. Therefore, the manufacturing process of the fusion target material 7 and the process of incorporating it into the fusion apparatus 1 are simplified as a whole.
- a heavy water block in which heavy water (D 2 O or T 2 O) is frozen and solidified may be used as the target substrate 7a.
- the thin film layer 7b is formed by vapor deposition in an environment where the temperature is sufficiently controlled so that heavy water does not dissolve. Similarly, it is performed in a temperature-controlled environment during irradiation with laser light for inducing fusion.
- the thin film layer 7b a thin film-like solid material such as deuterium-substituted polystyrene (C 8 D 8 ) X in which hydrogen is substituted with deuterium or tritium is used, and the target substrate 7a is covered with the thin film layer 7b. You may use what laminated
- C 8 D 8 deuterium-substituted polystyrene
- an ion accelerator can be realized.
- This ion accelerator has the same basic configuration as that of the nuclear fusion device 1 and changes only the constituent members of the target substrate 7a of the fusion target material 7. That is, the target substrate 7a is made of a film-like member that does not contain deuterium or tritium, for example, an organic film having a thickness of about 10 ⁇ m, and a thin film layer 7b made of deuterium storage titanium is laminated on the organic film. Used as a target material.
- the target material is irradiated with a double pulse laser beam including the first pulse laser beam and the second pulse laser beam to generate accelerated ions from the thin film layer 7b to the outside. Can do.
- the first target layer is formed by replacing hydrogen in a solid material containing hydrogen with deuterium or tritium.
- the arrangement structure of the first target layer is simplified, and the second target layer can be easily stacked.
- the second target layer is a metal thin film storing deuterium or tritium.
- the second target layer is formed by replacing hydrogen in a solid material containing hydrogen with deuterium or tritium.
- the present invention uses a fusion target material, a fusion device, and a fusion method that utilize laser light, can induce a fusion reaction with relatively high efficiency, and can downsize the device. It is something that can be done.
- SYMBOLS 1 Nuclear fusion apparatus, 3 ... Laser apparatus (laser beam irradiation part), 5 ... Vacuum container, 7 ... Fusion target material, 7a ... Target substrate (1st target layer), 7b ... Thin film layer (2nd target) Layer), P 1 ... First pulse laser beam (first pulse beam), P 2 ... Second pulse laser beam (second pulse beam).
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Abstract
Description
Claims (6)
- 核融合反応を発生させるための核融合ターゲット材であって、
重水素又は三重水素を含有する第1の膜厚を有する第1のターゲット層と、
前記第1のターゲット層上に積層され、重水素又は三重水素を含有する前記第1の膜厚よりも薄い第2の膜厚を有する第2のターゲット層と、
を備えることを特徴とする核融合ターゲット材。 - 前記第1のターゲット層は、水素を含有する固体材料中の水素が重水素又は三重水素で置換されたものである、
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の核融合ターゲット材。 - 前記第2のターゲット層は、重水素又は三重水素を吸蔵した金属薄膜である、
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の核融合ターゲット材。 - 前記第2のターゲット層は、水素を含有する固体材料中の水素が重水素又は三重水素で置換されたものである、
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の核融合ターゲット材。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の核融合ターゲット材と、
前記核融合ターゲット材を収納する真空容器と、
前記核融合ターゲット材の第2のターゲット層に向けて、連続した2つの第1及び第2のパルス光を含むレーザ光を照射するレーザ光照射部とを備え、
前記第1のパルス光の強度は、第2のパルス光の強度よりも小さく、かつ、前記第1のターゲット層から前記第2のターゲット層を剥離可能な値に設定されている、
ことを特徴とする核融合装置。 - 核融合反応を発生させるための核融合方法であって、
重水素又は三重水素を含有する第1の膜厚を有する第1のターゲット層と、前記第1のターゲット層上に積層され、重水素又は三重水素を含有する前記第1の膜厚よりも薄い第2の膜厚を有する第2のターゲット層とを有する核融合ターゲット材を、真空中に配置するステップと、
前記核融合ターゲット材の第2のターゲット層に向けて、連続した2つの第1及び第2のパルス光を含むレーザ光を照射するステップとを備え、
前記第1のパルス光の強度を、第2のパルス光の強度よりも小さく、かつ、前記第1のターゲット層から前記第2のターゲット層を剥離可能な値に設定する、
ことを特徴とする核融合方法。
Priority Applications (4)
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EP10837638.5A EP2515308B1 (en) | 2009-12-16 | 2010-12-15 | Nuclear fusion target, nuclear fusion device, and nuclear fusion method |
CN201080057004.3A CN102714062B (zh) | 2009-12-16 | 2010-12-15 | 核聚变靶材、核聚变装置以及核聚变方法 |
US13/516,112 US9363882B2 (en) | 2009-12-16 | 2010-12-15 | Neutron generation target, device, and method |
KR1020127014510A KR101705271B1 (ko) | 2009-12-16 | 2010-12-15 | 핵융합 타겟재, 핵융합 장치, 및 핵융합 방법 |
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JP2009285383A JP5629089B2 (ja) | 2009-12-16 | 2009-12-16 | 核融合ターゲット材、核融合装置、及び核融合方法 |
JP2009-285383 | 2009-12-16 |
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KR (1) | KR101705271B1 (ja) |
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KR101269098B1 (ko) | 2011-12-23 | 2013-05-29 | 한국원자력연구원 | 레이저 유도 입자 발생을 위한 진공층을 가지는 이중층 타겟 |
FR2988897B1 (fr) * | 2012-03-27 | 2014-05-09 | Ecole Polytech | Production d'energie par des reactions de fusion nucleaires aneutroniques initiees par lasers |
JP5986476B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-16 | 2016-09-06 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | レーザ核融合装置、及び、核融合生成方法 |
WO2014133623A2 (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2014-09-04 | Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc | Fusion target projectile accelerator |
FR3008822B1 (fr) * | 2013-07-22 | 2015-09-18 | Ecole Polytech | Creation d'isotopes par faisceaux laser |
CZ306319B6 (cs) * | 2013-07-30 | 2016-11-30 | Fyzikální Ústav Av Čr, V. V. I. | Pevný terč pro nukleární fúzi, zařízení na vytváření nukleární fúze s tímto pevným terčem a způsob vytváření nukleární fúze na tomto zařízení |
KR101623152B1 (ko) | 2013-12-31 | 2016-05-23 | 한국원자력연구원 | 레이저 유도 입자 가속을 위한 필름 타겟 및 그 제작 방법 |
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US10462893B2 (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2019-10-29 | Neutron Therapeutics, Inc. | Method and system for surface modification of substrate for ion beam target |
NZ760149A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2022-09-30 | Takao Sakase | Method and system for surface modification of substrate for ion beam target |
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CN109326963B (zh) * | 2018-10-11 | 2020-05-08 | 陈红婷 | 一种自由电子能量调控器 |
CN111050457A (zh) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-21 | 西京学院 | 一种基于激光诱导等离子体改进中子产率的装置及方法 |
CN112851990B (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-01-28 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | 一种浇注复合制备薄膜-泡沫双介质调制靶的方法 |
RU203062U1 (ru) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-03-22 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" | Устройство для крепления модуля бланкета на вакуумном корпусе термоядерного реактора |
CN114566296A (zh) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-05-31 | 戴文韬 | 一种氢、氘、氚合金反应堆核聚变方法及其装置 |
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US9363882B2 (en) | 2016-06-07 |
EP2515308B1 (en) | 2018-02-07 |
KR101705271B1 (ko) | 2017-02-22 |
JP2011127968A (ja) | 2011-06-30 |
KR20120107471A (ko) | 2012-10-02 |
JP5629089B2 (ja) | 2014-11-19 |
EP2515308A4 (en) | 2016-02-10 |
US20120307950A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 |
CN102714062A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
EP2515308A1 (en) | 2012-10-24 |
CN102714062B (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
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