WO2011066765A1 - 差动锥辊玉米果穗剥苞叶装置 - Google Patents

差动锥辊玉米果穗剥苞叶装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011066765A1
WO2011066765A1 PCT/CN2010/077941 CN2010077941W WO2011066765A1 WO 2011066765 A1 WO2011066765 A1 WO 2011066765A1 CN 2010077941 W CN2010077941 W CN 2010077941W WO 2011066765 A1 WO2011066765 A1 WO 2011066765A1
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Prior art keywords
stripping
roller
husking
rollers
corn
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PCT/CN2010/077941
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
石秉钧
张立功
苏其灿
石慧娜
石文渊
Original Assignee
上海坤孚企业(集团)有限公司
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Publication of WO2011066765A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011066765A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
    • A01F11/00—Threshing apparatus specially adapted for maize; Threshing apparatus specially adapted for particular crops other than cereals
    • A01F11/06—Threshing apparatus specially adapted for maize; Threshing apparatus specially adapted for particular crops other than cereals for maize, e.g. removing kernels from cobs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a differential cone roller corn ear peeling and raking device. Background technique
  • the stripping device used in the prior corn harvester has the same rotational speed of each pair of stripping rolls in the apparatus.
  • the stripping rolls in the stripping device have a long cylindrical shape and a diameter of 72 mm.
  • the ear rotates relatively slowly on the stripping rolls on each pair of stripping rolls, and the stripping effect is poor; at the same time, since the ear enters the stripping device, it is moved from the front end of the stripping roller to the rear end, and the outer loquat leaves are removed first.
  • the diameter of the stripping roller is relatively small at the front end of the stripping roller, and the stripping force on the lateral lobe of the ear is too small, and it is not suitable to peel the leaf quickly, and the diameter of the stripping roller is at the rear end of the stripping roller.
  • the invention provides a differential cone roller corn ear peeling and raking device to improve the peeling quality of the stripping device, and it is not easy to damage the corn fruit.
  • the present invention provides a differential cone roller corn ear peeling and raking device, including At least one pair of stripping rolls, each pair of stripping rolls comprising a first stripping roll and a second stripping roll arranged side by side, the first stripping roll and the second stripping roll being tapered at one end having a larger diameter than the other end
  • the one end of the first stripping roller and the second stripping roller having a larger diameter is disposed at the corn ear input end of the stripping blade device, and the diameters of the first stripping roller and the second stripping roller are smaller
  • the small end is disposed at the corn ear output end of the stripping device.
  • first stripping roller and the second stripping roller are interlocked, but the rotation speeds are inconsistent.
  • the material of the second stripping roller is non-metal, preferably rubber.
  • the second stripping roller is composed of a plurality of rubber members sleeved on the core of the stripping roller, and each rubber member comprises two semi-circular rubber blocks which can be opened and closed.
  • the differential cone roller corn ear peeling and raking device proposed by the invention is equipped with a differential cone-shaped stripping roller, so that the ear first strengthens the stripping function when the diameter of the stripping roller at the front end of the stripping blade device is larger, and the corn is quickly removed.
  • the lateral temporal lobe of the ear gradually weakens the function of stripping at the lower diameter of the stripping roller at the end of the stripping device, and reduces the damage to the ear when removing the inner lobe of the corn ear.
  • the tapered stripping roller has novel design, reliable principle and reasonable structure.
  • the difference in rotation speed between each pair of stripping rolls can be used to form the corn ear in the process of stripping to make the stripping complete and the grain breakage rate is low, which can obviously solve the equal diameter in the stripping device of the existing corn harvester.
  • the problem of the speed-peeling roller is not easy to remove the corn ear and the leaf is easy to be damaged.
  • Figure 1 is a top plan view of a differential cone roller corn ear stripping device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the invention provides a differential cone roller corn ear peeling and raking device, which can obviously solve the existing corn harvest
  • the problem of the equal-diameter-speed stripping roller in the stripping device on the machine is not easy to remove the corn ear and the leaf is easy to injure the grain.
  • the present invention provides a differential cone roll corn ear peeling and raking device 100, comprising: at least one pair of stripping rolls, each pair of stripping rolls comprising a first stripping roll 200a/200b and a second stripping roll 300a arranged side by side /300b, the first stripping roller 200a/200b and the second stripping roller 300a/300b are tapered having one end larger than the other end, wherein the first stripping roller 200a/200b and the second stripping roller The larger diameter end of the 300a/300b is disposed at the corn ear input end 110 of the differential cone roll stripping device 100, and the first stripping roll 200a/200b and the second stripping roll 300a/300b are smaller in diameter.
  • the first stripping roller 200 and the second stripping roller 300 have a larger diameter end having a diameter of 72 to 92 mm, and a smaller diameter end having a diameter of 62 to 80 mm.
  • the differential cone roll stripping device 100 shown in the drawing has two pairs of stripping rolls, wherein the second stripping roll 300a of the first pair of stripping rolls and the first stripping roll 200b of the second pair of stripping rolls adjacent.
  • the first stripping roller 200a/200b and the second stripping roller 300a/300b are interlocked, but the rotational speeds are inconsistent, forming a differential rotational speed.
  • the invention provides a differential cone roller stripping device for a corn harvester, wherein the rotation speed of each pair of stripping rollers is not equal, and the corn ear entering the stripping roller can be rotated in the pair of stripping rollers. Improve the effect of peeling leaves.
  • the stripping roller in the stripping device has a tapered shape, and the diameter of the tapered roller is larger than the diameter of the existing stripping roller at the front end of the stripping device, that is, the ear first falls from the conveying groove to the tapered stripping roller. One end with a large diameter.
  • the stripping roller Since the stripping roller has a larger diameter than the conventional diameter here, the effect of the stripping roller on the ear is greater than that of the conventional stripping roller on the ear, so the ear of the unpeeled leaf that first falls to here is Will be quickly stripped. As the ears move backwards along the stripping rolls, the leaves are gradually stripped. However, at the rear end of the differential cone roller stripping device, that is, the end of the tapered stripping roller having a small diameter, since the stripping roller is smaller in diameter than the conventional diameter, the stripping roller is here to the ear. The effect is less than that of the conventional stripping roller on the ear, so the ear that has not been stripped of the loquat leaves moved here because only the inner layer of the loquat leaves is left. Therefore, it is easy to peel off when the force of peeling leaves is small. The most important thing is that since the diameter of the stripping roller is smaller than the conventional diameter, the stripping roller is not easy to damage the peeled kernels.
  • the material of the second stripping roller 300a/300b is non-metal, preferably rubber, and each of the second stripping rollers 300a/300b is composed of a plurality of pairs of rubber members 310 sleeved on the stripping roller core shaft 320, see FIG.
  • Each pair of rubber members 310 includes two semi-circular rubber blocks that accommodate the core of the stripping roller, that is, the stripping roller core shaft is accommodated in two semi-circular rubber blocks, and the two semi-circular rubber blocks are screwed or Other ways are connected and can be opened and closed, so loading and unloading is easy.
  • the worn rubber member can be easily replaced during operation and the replacement speed is fast.
  • the outline of the second stripping roller 300a/300b is drawn as a straight line, and the protrusions that may exist are omitted, but those skilled in the art can understand that in the actual device, The outer surface of the two stripping rolls 300a/300b is not necessarily smooth.
  • the differential cone roller stripping device proposed by the present invention is equipped with a tapered stripping roller, so that the ear first strengthens the stripping function at the large diameter of the stripping roller at the front end of the stripping blade device, and rapidly removes the leaf. Lateral temporal lobe; gradually weakening the function of stripping at the lower diameter of the stripping roller at the end of the stripping device, and reducing the degree of damage to the ear while removing the medial temporal lobe.
  • the tapered stripping roller has novel design, reliable principle and reasonable structure. The speed difference between each pair of stripping rolls is different.
  • the differential principle can be used to form the corn ear rotation during the stripping process to make the stripping thorough and the grain breakage rate low. It can obviously solve the problem that the equal-diameter stripping roller of equal diameter in the stripping device of the existing corn machine can not remove the corn ear and easily damage the grain.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)
  • Adjustment And Processing Of Grains (AREA)

Description

差动雉辊玉米果穗剥苞叶装置 技术领域
本发明涉及农业机械领域，且特别涉及一种差动锥辊玉米果穗剥苞叶装置。 背景技术
随着农业现代化技术的发展， 各类农业用机器设备被广泛应用到农业生产 中， 以玉米联合收获装备来说， 现有技术是在玉米收获机中实现剥玉米苞叶功 能。 在这些机器中， 具有一对有凹槽且嵌齿的联动剥叶辊， 且这对剥叶辊以彼 此相反的方向旋转， 当玉米果穗通过这对联动剥叶辊的上表面时， 玉米果穗上 的苞叶被剥叶辊抓住并从剥叶辊之间落下， 即实现玉米果穗剥叶。
现有的玉米收获机所采用的剥苞叶装置， 装置内的每对剥叶辊的转速是相 等的， 剥苞叶装置内剥叶辊的形状为长圓柱形， 直径大多是 72毫米。 对此， 果 穗在每对剥叶辊上相对剥叶辊旋转较慢， 剥叶效果差； 同时， 由于果穗进入剥 苞叶装置后是从剥叶辊前端移至后端， 先除去外侧苞叶再除去内侧苞叶， 在剥 叶辊前端因剥叶辊直径相对过小， 对果穗外侧苞叶的剥叶作用力太小， 不宜快 速剥叶， 而在剥叶辊后端因剥叶辊直径相对过大， 对已经除去外侧苞叶的果穗 作用力太大， 易造成果粒损伤； 此外， 大多剥叶辊采用胶圈套在剥叶辊芯轴上 组成， 由于橡胶剥叶辊中的胶圈易于磨损， 且胶圈都是整体套装在剥叶辊芯轴 上的， 所以在工作中更换困难且花费时间长， 并且当胶圈仅出现部分磨损时也 必须整个换掉， 增加了成本。 发明内容
本发明提出一种差动锥辊玉米果穗剥苞叶装置 , 以改善剥苞叶装置的剥叶 质量， 且不容易啃伤玉米果粒。
为了达到上述目的， 本发明提出一种差动锥辊玉米果穗剥苞叶装置， 包括 至少一对剥叶辊， 每对剥叶辊包括并排设置的第一剥叶辊和第二剥叶辊， 所述 第一剥叶辊和第二剥叶辊为一端直径大于另一端的锥形， 其中， 所述第一剥叶 辊和第二剥叶辊直径较大的一端设置于所述剥苞叶装置的玉米果穗输入端， 所 述第一剥叶辊和第二剥叶辊直径较小的一端设置于所述剥苞叶装置的玉米果穗 输出端。
进一步的， 所述第一剥叶辊和第二剥叶辊是联动的， 但转速不一致。
进一步的， 所述第二剥叶辊的材料是非金属， 优选为橡胶。
进一步的， 所述第二剥叶辊是由若干橡胶件套设在剥叶辊芯轴上组成的， 每一橡胶件包括两个可以开合的半圓形状的橡胶块。
本发明提出的差动锥辊玉米果穗剥苞叶装置， 配备有差动锥形剥叶辊， 使 果穗在进入剥苞叶装置前端剥叶辊直径较大处首先加强剥叶功能， 快速去除玉 米果穗的外侧苞叶； 在到达剥苞叶装置后端剥叶辊直径较小处逐渐弱化剥叶功 能， 在除去玉米果穗内侧苞叶的同时减轻对果穗籽粒的破坏程度。 锥形剥叶辊 设计新颖， 原理可靠， 结构合理。 每对剥叶辊之间转速相差， 利用差动原理能 够形成玉米果穗在剥叶过程中旋转使剥叶彻底且籽粒破碎率低， 可明显解决现 有玉米收获机上剥苞叶装置中相等直径相等转速剥叶辊对玉米果穗苞叶脱不净 且易啃伤籽粒的难题。 通过采用若干橡胶件套设在剥叶辊芯轴上， 并且每个橡 胶件均以可开合方式套设， 可以使磨损的橡胶件在工作中更换容易， 并且无需 整体更换， 有效降低了成本。 附图说明
图 1所示为本发明较佳实施例的差动锥辊玉米果穗剥苞叶装置俯视图。 具体实施方式
为了更了解本发明的技术内容，特举具体实施例并配合所附图式说明如下。 本发明提出一种差动锥辊玉米果穗剥苞叶装置， 可明显解决现有玉米收获 机上剥苞叶装置中相等直径相等转速剥叶辊对玉米果穗苞叶脱不净且易啃伤籽 粒的难题。
请参考附图 1 , 图 1 中所示为本发明较佳实施例的差动锥辊玉米果穗剥苞 叶装置俯视图。 本发明提出一种差动锥辊玉米果穗剥苞叶装置 100, 包括： 至 少一对剥叶辊， 每对剥叶辊包括并排设置的第一剥叶辊 200a/200b和第二剥叶 辊 300a/300b , 所述第一剥叶辊 200a/200b和第二剥叶辊 300a/300b为一端直径 大于另一端的锥形， 其中， 所述第一剥叶辊 200a/200b和第二剥叶辊 300a/300b 直径较大的一端设置于所述差动锥辊剥苞叶装置 100的玉米果穗输入端 110, 所述第一剥叶辊 200a/200b和第二剥叶辊 300a/300b直径较小的一端设置于所述 差动锥辊剥苞叶装置 100的玉米果穗输出端 120。 根据本发明较佳实施例， 所 述第一剥叶辊 200和第二剥叶辊 300直径较大一端的直径为 72 ~ 92mm, 直径 较小一端的直径为 62 ~ 80mm。
图中所示的差动锥辊剥苞叶装置 100具有两对剥叶辊， 其中第一对剥叶辊 的第二剥叶辊 300a和第二对剥叶辊的第一剥叶辊 200b相邻。 根据本发明较佳 实施例， 所述第一剥叶辊 200a/200b和第二剥叶辊 300a/300b是联动的 ,但转速 不一致， 形成差动转速。
本发明提出一种玉米收获机用差动锥辊剥苞叶装置 , 该装置内每对剥叶辊 的转速不相等， 可以使进入剥叶辊中的玉米穗在这对剥叶辊中旋转， 改善剥叶 效果。 剥苞叶装置内剥叶辊的形状为锥形， 锥形辊直径较现有剥叶辊直径大的 一端布置在剥苞叶装置的前端， 即果穗自输送槽首先下落到锥形剥叶辊直径大 的一端。 由于剥叶辊在此处直径较常规直径大， 剥叶辊在此处对果穗的作用效 果就比常规剥叶辊对果穗的作用效果大， 所以首先下落到此处的未剥苞叶的果 穗就会被快速剥叶。 随着果穗沿着剥叶辊向后移动， 苞叶逐渐被剥完。 但是， 在差动锥辊剥苞叶装置的后端， 即锥形剥叶辊的直径小的一端处， 由于剥叶辊 在此处直径较常规直径小， 剥叶辊在此处对果穗的作用效果就比常规剥叶辊对 果穗的作用效果小，所以移动到此处的未剥净苞叶的果穗由于只剩下内层苞叶， 所以在剥苞叶作用力很小的情况下也容易剥净， 最主要的是， 因为此处剥叶辊 直径较常规直径小， 所以剥叶辊就不易对已剥净的果穗籽粒造成损伤。
所述第二剥叶辊 300a/300b的材料是非金属， 优选为橡胶， 每个第二剥叶 辊 300a/300b由若干对橡胶件 310套设在剥叶辊芯轴 320上组成， 参见图 1中 圓圈内所示的局部剖视结构。 每对橡胶件 310包括两个包容剥叶辊芯轴的半圓 形状的橡胶块， 即剥叶辊芯轴容设在两个半圓形状的橡胶块内， 该两个半圓形 状的橡胶块用螺钉或其他方式联结并且可以开合， 因此装卸容易。 通过采用若 干对橡胶件 310并行套设在剥叶辊芯轴 320上组成第二剥叶辊 300a/300b,可以 使磨损的橡胶件在工作中容易更换且更换速度快。 需要说明的是， 为了简化图 式， 图中第二剥叶辊 300a/300b的轮廓线画成了直线， 省略了可能存在的突起， 但是本领域的技术人员可以理解， 在实际装置中， 第二剥叶辊 300a/300b的外 表面并不一定是光滑的。
综上所述， 本发明提出的差动锥辊剥苞叶装置， 配备了锥形剥叶辊， 使果 穗在进入剥苞叶装置前端剥叶辊直径较大处首先加强剥叶功能， 快速去除外侧 苞叶； 在到达剥苞叶装置后端剥叶辊直径较小处逐渐弱化剥叶功能， 在除去内 侧苞叶的同时减轻对果穗籽粒的破坏程度。 锥形剥叶辊设计新颖， 原理可靠， 结构合理。 每对剥叶辊之间转速相差， 利用差动原理能够形成玉米果穗在剥叶 过程中旋转使剥叶彻底且籽粒破碎率低。 可明显解决现有玉米机上剥苞叶装置 中相等直径相等转速剥叶辊对玉米果穗脱不净且易啃伤籽粒的难题。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上， 然其并非用以限定本发明， 任何所 属技术领域中具有通常知识者， 在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内， 当可作各种 的更动与润饰， 因此本发明的保护范围当视权利要求书所界定者为准。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种差动锥辊玉米果穗剥苞叶装置，其特征在于，包括至少一对剥叶辊， 每对剥叶辊包括并排设置的第一剥叶辊和第二剥叶辊， 所述第一剥叶辊和第二 剥叶辊为一端直径大于另一端的锥形， 其中， 所述第一剥叶辊和第二剥叶辊直 径较大的一端设置于所述剥苞叶装置的玉米果穗输入端， 所述第一剥叶辊和第 二剥叶辊直径较小的一端设置于所述剥苞叶装置的玉米果穗输出端。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的剥苞叶装置， 其特征在于， 所述第一剥叶辊和第 二剥叶辊是联动的， 但转速不一致。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的剥苞叶装置， 其特征在于， 所述第二剥叶辊的材 料是非金属。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的剥苞叶装置， 其特征在于， 所述第二剥叶辊的材 料是橡胶。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的剥苞叶装置， 其特征在于， 所述第二剥叶辊是由 若干对橡胶件套设在剥叶辊芯轴上组成的， 每对橡胶件包括两个可开合的半圓 形状的橡胶块。
PCT/CN2010/077941 2009-12-04 2010-10-21 差动锥辊玉米果穗剥苞叶装置 WO2011066765A1 (zh)

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CN103098619A (zh) * 2013-02-05 2013-05-15 山东省农业机械科学研究所 玉米剥皮试验装置
CN103299789A (zh) * 2013-06-26 2013-09-18 曹阳 一种玉米剥皮机及其使用方法

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