WO2011065031A1

WO2011065031A1 - High-speed/highly-pressure-resistant free action bearing and manufacturing method therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2011065031A1
Application number: PCT/JP2010/051574
Authority: WO
Inventors: 快堂池田
Original assignee: Ikeda Kaidou
Priority date: 2009-11-27
Filing date: 2010-02-04
Publication date: 2011-06-03

Abstract

A conventional free action bearing, comprising a combination of a small rolling ball and a main ball, can not be used as a load transmission bearing for a shroud-equipped rotating blade or an electromagnetic rim-speed-utilizing wind power generation device due to the extremely low allowable speed. The allowable speed of a free action bearing that does not use a small rolling ball and uses only either a ball or a roller can be made at least 40 m/s by: opening tiny holes in the socket of the free action bearing; providing a bottom cap on the bottom of a cage on the side of an object to which the free action bearing is mounted; filling a lubricant chamber in the space between the socket and the bottom cap with a lubricant/additive; and setting up a relative positioning such that the outside of the socket with tiny holes is immersed in the lubricant/additive in the lubricant chamber. The lubricant/additive then seeps from the outside of the socket to the inside of the socket, where the ball or roller is, and the ball or roller can glide on a lubricant/additive film.

Description

High speed / high pressure free action bearing and its manufacturing method

The present invention relates to a rotor blade with a shroud or an electromagnetic peripheral speed wind power generator, and a contact portion between a rotating duct that rotates with respect to the airframe, the terrain, and a feature, and a shroud fixed to the airframe, the terrain, and the feature. And having a high traveling allowable speed used to constitute a load transmission bearing that supports rotation on the rotating duct side and transmits load and stress generated on the rotating duct side to the shroud side. In addition, the present invention relates to a structure of a free action bearing that enables a high pressure resistance and a manufacturing method thereof.

Patent Document 7, filed on January 13, 1994 and published on August 8, 1995, describes a helicopter tail rotor that uses a combination of a field magnet and an armature at the blade tip of a blade. The mechanism is disclosed. Further, in Patent Document 10 filed on September 5, 1980 and published on March 20, 1982, a field magnet and an armature at the blade tip of a blade rotating under hydropower, wind power, or steam power. A mechanism for generating power by providing a power generation unit in combination with is disclosed.

In a conventional helicopter in which the central axis of a rotating blade is rotated by a prime mover, the lift increases by a factor of 2 when the diameter of the blade is increased. At this time, the necessary energy power of the prime mover needs to be increased by the third power. This means that increasing the diameter of the blades will soon limit the power of the prime mover, making it extremely difficult for the diameter of the blades to exceed 30 m. In such a case, if the driving method at the blade tip of the blade in Patent Document 7 can also be used in the main rotor of the helicopter, increasing the blade diameter is the same as increasing the lift by a square factor. However, the energy power required for driving at the blade tip as in Patent Document 7 can be increased in proportion. As described above, when the method of configuring the drive unit from the field magnet and the armature at the blade tip is a rotating blade with a shroud, the larger the diameter of the rotating blade with a shroud, the better the efficiency.

Moreover, in the propeller type wind power generator having a generator at the center portion, the increase in the diameter increases the rotational torque of the blades by a factor of two. Instead, the strength of the blades needs to be strengthened by the third power, and the reinforcement of the blades generally increases the weight. Therefore, in the propeller type wind power generation system that supports a nacelle with a generator or speed increaser installed in the center of the blades with a single support, the construction of a propeller type wind power generator with a diameter exceeding 100 m requires the weight of the blades and the nacelle. It was too heavy to make from the calculation of the strength of the column supporting the nacelle. On the other hand, in a type like patent document 10 which generates electric power by a wing-tip part, attachment of a wing does not necessarily need to be connected to the central rotating shaft which rotates. For example, as described in Patent Document 3, the blade tip of a blade may be connected to a rotating rotating duct and may not be connected to a rotating shaft. Then, the increase in the diameter of the blades will increase the torque by a factor of 2 times, but in the propeller type wind power generator, the strength of the blades must be strengthened by a factor of 3 to increase the weight, while the increase in weight has also increased by a factor of 3 The increase in weight when power is generated at the blade tip is almost proportional to the increase in the number of blades. As described above, when the wind power generating device using the electromagnetic peripheral speed is configured as a method of forming the power generating unit from the combination of the field magnet and the armature at the blade tip, the larger the diameter, the more advantageous the electromagnetic peripheral wind power generating device. is there.

However, increasing the diameter when the driving unit or the power generation unit is provided at the blade tip of the blade tends to cause a collision between the field magnet and the armature due to a large movement of the blade tip under stress. For this reason, if the gap between the field magnet and the armature is sufficiently large for safety reasons, both the driving force and the amount of power generation are drastically reduced. Therefore, as shown in Patent Document 7 and Patent Document 10, driving and power generation at the blade tip of the blade seem to be very efficient at first glance, but a method that can always properly maintain the gap between the field magnet and the electromagnet. Is not disclosed, it is extremely difficult to implement.

In contrast to Patent Document 7 and Patent Document 10 that do not disclose a method for appropriately maintaining the gap between the field magnet and the armature, Patent Document 4 and Patent Document 3 describe the gap between the field magnet and the armature. A mechanism for keeping it constant is disclosed. A patent in which a drive unit and a power generation unit are configured at the contact part of a rotating duct that connects the blade tips of rotating blades and rotates with the blades, and a shroud that covers the rotating rotating duct and is fixed to the fuselage, topography, and features. In Document 4 and Patent Document 3, a gap holding bearing is provided between the field magnet and the armature so that the gap between the field magnet and the armature can always be kept constant. The gap retaining bearing between the field magnet and the armature can always keep the gap between the field magnet and the armature constant against the stress applied to the blade tip of the blade. The drive part and the power generation part can be configured on the blade tip of any large diameter blade.

However, the gap holding bearings disclosed in Patent Document 4 and Patent Document 3 have the same weight and considerable thickness as the armature, and make the armature and its peripheral devices long. For this reason, when stress does not act on the blade tip, Patent Document 1 has a play gap that does not come into contact between the opposing surface of the field magnet and the opposing surface of the armature. Only when the play becomes zero due to the addition of a sliding portion, a sliding portion that keeps the gap between the field magnet and the armature constant is interposed between the field magnet and the armature. This makes it possible to reduce the weight and size of the drive unit and the power generation unit configured at the blade tip of the blade, and to use a relatively inexpensive material for production, and thus has a huge diameter. It has become easier than ever to configure a drive unit and a power generation unit at the blade tip of the blade.

Even if it becomes technically and cost-effective to configure the drive part and the power generation part at the blade tip of a huge diameter blade, conventional welding, forging and casting techniques have a large diameter. A huge rotating duct and a huge shroud connecting the blade tips of the blades could not be made robustly. Patent Literature 2 describes a thin strip of metal, ceramic, cermet, fiber, or synthetic resin having a thickness of 0.01 mm to 5 mm on a huge winding wheel, or a thin plate of rubber or silicon having a thickness of 0.1 mm to 50 mm. By creating a rotating duct or shroud in which thin strips are stacked by arbitrarily selecting a band including overlapping and performing at least two rounds, a huge rotating duct and a huge shroud are robustly manufactured. Disclosed is a method.

Patent Document 1, Patent Document 3, and Patent Document 4 can always maintain the gap between the field magnet and the armature, and Patent Document 2 can easily manufacture a huge rotating duct or shroud. Problems remained in the load transmission bearing that transmits stress such as lift and load generated on the rotating duct side connected to the shroud side. Conventionally, a thrust bearing, a radial bearing, or a cross roller ring is used as a bearing for transmitting such a load. Conventional thrust bearings, radial bearings, and cross roller rings are difficult to prevent dust / drip, except for cross roller rings. Moreover, the inner ring, the outer ring and the cross ring cover the entire circumference and occupy a large weight. Furthermore, the price increases rapidly as the diameter increases. In addition, the rotating part is held in the flow of the lubricant that is applied directly from the nozzle to the ball or roller that rotates from the outside of the bearing, sprayed in the form of a mist, or pumped. In the case of a special bearing having a mechanism capable of constantly supplying a sufficient amount of lubricant, it is possible to obtain a very high allowable driving speed of 100 to 150 m / s. Normal bearings that do not require special replenishment during use with oil applied at the beginning of production are allowed to run at a speed of about 8 to 15 m / s. There is a problem that the allowable traveling speed is insufficient for use in a power generator.

Patent Document 5 is a typical example having a mechanism capable of constantly supplying a sufficient amount of lubricant. In this example, lubrication of the thrust bearing at high speed is realized by holding the periphery of the ball of the thrust bearing serving as the rotating portion in a lubricant having a forced flow that is discharged from the pump.

Patent Document 11 is a bearing unit for a conveyor that receives a ball by a hemispherical ball receiver (recess) having an oil supply port at a central portion and an oil discharge port communicating with the outside at a peripheral portion. In this bearing unit, lubricant and lubricating oil are injected from the oil supply port in the center of the ball receiver (recess) and discharged from an oil discharge port communicating with the outside. Patent Document 5 discloses an example in which a ball is held in a forced lubricant flow. Patent Document 11 is an example corresponding to the prototype. In the method of Patent Document 11, as in Patent Document 5, there is a possibility that the allowable traveling speed of the ball can be increased. However, a lubricant, a lubricant tank, and a receiver are provided outside the conveyor bearing unit, which is not described. There is a disadvantage that the whole apparatus becomes large because it is necessary to have a soot and a circulation pump. In addition, the relationship between the ball and the ball receiver (recess) in Patent Document 11 is a combination of a steel ball and hard plastics (for example, nylon plastic) in order to avoid contact between metals. If the combination of the ball and ball receiver (recess) is metal, the lubricant and lubricant will spread evenly over the entire surface of the ball receiver (recess), but the ball and ball receiver (recess) If either of these is a hard plastic, the surface tension of the lubricant or lubricant on the plastic will be brilliant and beaded, creating air layers without lubricant or lubricant in some places. . When the ball is rotated at a high speed in such a situation, a so-called “gas biting” state in which the metal and the hard plastics come into contact with each other in the air portion and abrupt wear occurs. Therefore, when the ball is rotated at a high speed by the mechanism of Patent Document 11, it is necessary to supply the lubricant and lubricating oil at a higher flow rate than in the case of Patent Document 5 which is a normal high-speed bearing. Cause a heavy burden.

Patent Document 9 discloses a backup force for resisting the load of an object with a pressure of a spring or a fluid such as air, water or oil from a direction opposite to the contact direction when the ball is in contact with the object. It is a ball caster that can exhibit a very large pressure resistance when used. The difference from other patent documents and prior art is that when the entire ball caster is manufactured with a high-pressure vessel and the load is generated from the top to the bottom, the ball that contacts the high-pressure or ultra-high pressure It is used as a back-up force upward from the bottom by directly contacting the fluid (oil). For this reason, there is a feature that the fluid (oil) is provided inside the ball caster body as a fluid chamber (oil chamber). The role of the fluid chamber (oil chamber) of Patent Document 9 is specialized to withstand a large load and exert a backup force. The ball caster main body is tightened or loosened according to the size of the load. The oil pressure is changed by changing the pressure of the internal fluid (oil) or by supplying oil from the outside. On the other hand, with regard to the allowable running speed of the ball, “... because oil is used in the right column in the upper right column of page 3 of Patent Document 9, it can also serve as a lubricating effect of the ball”. There is only a description, there is no mechanism of a ball receiver (recess) as in Patent Document 11, and no element that can increase the allowable traveling speed of the ball is found.

Similarly to Patent Document 9, Patent Document 8 is a ball caster made of a pressure vessel. Every time patent document 9 deals with a large downward load, the upward backup force is increased or decreased by changing the hydraulic plug from each time or changing the hydraulic pressure from the outside. It is characterized by supporting the ball by automatically changing the pressure of the oil chamber in the ball caster due to the downward load to provide an upward backup force. For this reason, the ball caster disclosed in Patent Document 8 is a so-called “collecting portion consisting of four balls, a spherical body, a ball receiving body (having a fuel filler opening in the center), and an outer cylinder, which are“ dropping lids ”to say the main body. An oil chamber is provided between the “drop lid” and the “container”, divided into two parts: a cradle serving as a “container” and an outer frame. When a downward load is applied to the ball, the ball, the spherical body, the ball receiver, and the outer cylinder, which are “drop lids”, are lowered to compress the oil in the oil chamber to a high hydraulic pressure. Since the oil having a high hydraulic pressure returns to the ball from the oil filler opening opened in the central portion of the ball receiver, it becomes a backup force upward from the bottom and can withstand a high load. Patent Document 8 has a ball receiver corresponding to the ball receiver (recess) of Patent Document 11, and Patent Document 9 adjusts the pressure of the oil chamber each time according to the magnitude of the load. Accordingly, the pressure of the oil chamber can be automatically changed. As described above, Patent Document 8 can withstand a large load, as in Patent Document 9, but in Patent Document 8, a “drop lid” and a “container” including balls are used so as not to release the high pressure generated in the oil chamber. Is extremely tight, and it is extremely difficult to rotate the ball at a high speed. Therefore, the allowable running speed of the ball cannot be increased. In addition, since Patent Document 8 is similar to Patent Document 9, the center axis of the ball and the backup force against the load received by the ball must be on the vertical line. , The position is limited to either one of the two directions. Therefore, in the load transmission bearing of the present application, since the installation location in the electromagnetic peripheral speed wind power generator is in the vertical position, the ball casters of Patent Document 8 and Patent Document 9 are not included in the electromagnetic peripheral speed wind power generator. I can not use it.

When constructing a load transmission bearing in a rotor blade with a shroud and a wind power generator using electromagnetic peripheral speed that have a large diameter, each of them is a free-action bearing (trade name) that is an independent bearing that can travel 360 °. : Ball bear or free bear). A general structure of a free action bearing is configured by a combination of a small rolling ball and a main ball as described in the upper right view of P21 of Non-Patent Document 1. Each of the free action bearings has an independent form, and the ball portion is covered with a hat leaving a portion in contact with the object, and dust / drip-proof treatment is easy. In addition, the price per piece is low, and when it is arranged on the shroud to construct a load transmission bearing, it is made using thrust bearings, radial bearings or cross roller rings, even if tens or hundreds are used. It can be made much cheaper and lighter than load bearings. However, conventional free-action bearings, which consist of a combination of a small rolling ball and a main ball and utilize the rolling friction of the small rolling ball, require very little initial motion torque, but have an allowable running speed of 0. Very slow at around 15m / s. At the same time as pulling a small rolling ball from a conventional free action bearing, at least one of the main ball or the saucer may be made of a resin with a low coefficient of friction, but in this case the load resistance is very small. The allowable traveling speed is even slower at 0.05 m / s, and the rotor blade with shroud requires a traveling allowable speed of at least 40 m / s or more, and the electromagnetic peripheral speed wind power generator requires at least 25 m / s or more. In this case, it cannot be used as a load transmission bearing.

Patent Document 6 discloses a free action bearing without rolling small balls, but no special measures are taken to increase the allowable traveling speed of the free action bearing. Therefore, with the mechanism of Patent Document 6, the allowable traveling speed of the free action bearing cannot be at least 40 m / s.

When considering application of Patent Document 11 as a high-speed bearing, it is well known from Patent Document 8 and Patent Document 9 that a lubricant chamber is provided inside the bearing body. There is also an example of Patent Document 6 in which a small rolling ball is removed from a free action bearing. Therefore, the entirety of Patent Document 11 is immersed in the lubricant / additive of the lubricant chamber by gathering known techniques, or only the recess of the ball receiver of Patent Document 11 is left and the other part is cut out. It seems to be easily invented by those skilled in the art to fill a cut portion with a lubricant / additive to form a lubricant chamber. However, as seen in Patent Document 5, the common knowledge of those skilled in the art for giving high-speed rotation to the bearing is that a lubricant / additive is forcibly applied to a rotating ball or roller portion using a pump or the like. It is a technology that circulates, sprays and circulates. As an example of recognition for those skilled in the art, as a problem of the bearing unit of Patent Document 11 mentioned above in the right column in the lower column on page 1 of Patent Document 8, “... but this ball caster is In order to supply oil to the oil supply port provided in the body, some kind of oil supply means is required, so that the ball caster itself becomes an excessive facility, and the utility cost increases because the required amount is always supplied from the outside. The location of recognition is clear from the fact that there is a drawback. Therefore, the configuration in which the lubricant / additive in the lubricant chamber oozes out to the ball / roller side only by the natural gravity of the present application and lubricates the ball / roller can be easily invented by a collection of well-known techniques or by those skilled in the art. That's not true.

Japanese Patent No. 4264961 Japanese Patent No. 4053584 Japanese Patent No. 4015175 Japanese Patent No. 3946755 JP 2009-121575 A JP 2007-320743 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 07-205897 JP 61-271103 A Japanese Patent Publication No.59-029441 JP-A-57-049077 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 39-001152

In a rotor blade with a shroud that has a structure in which lift generated on the rotating duct side is transmitted to the shroud side by a load transmission bearing, the chord length of the blade tip can be made very large. In addition, the number of blades can be easily increased compared to conventional helicopters. Therefore, the blade area of the rotor blade can be made very large and the blade surface load can be kept low. For this reason, the blade tip speed in the rotor blade of a conventional helicopter with a narrow blade width and a large blade load was operated to be about 0.8 Mach (270 m / s). At the tip speed of a small rotor blade with a shroud, operation of about 0.2 Mach (70 m / s) is sufficient. Depending on the airfoil, lift is generated from a lower tip speed of about 40 m / s. Is possible. Therefore, the traveling speed of the load transmission bearing when used for a rotor blade with a shroud is desirably 70 m / s or more and at least 40 m / s.

In a wind turbine generator using electromagnetic peripheral speed that transmits the stress generated on the rotating duct side to the shroud side with a load transmission bearing, the armature cuts the magnetic field of the field magnet that rotates at the speed of the blade tip. To do. Therefore, since the speed of the blade tip is much faster than the rotational speed of the armature or field magnet of the generator installed around the rotating shaft of the propeller type wind power generator, even a drag blade with a peripheral speed ratio of 1 is sufficient. Can generate electricity. In the case of a drag blade having a peripheral speed ratio of 1, the blade tip speed matches the wind speed. If the wind speed is 3 m / s, the blade tip speed is also about 3 / m, and the wind speed is 25 m / s. If so, the speed of the blade tip is about 25 m / s, and if the wind speed is 40 m / s, the speed of the blade tip is also about 40 m / s. However, since the wind power generator using the electromagnetic peripheral speed is equipped with a turning device and a lifting device, when the wind speed is 25 m / s or more, the wind turbine is fixed at a horizontal position with the lifting device, and the blades against the wind Can be prevented from rotating. Therefore, for example, if it is determined that the wind speed is not more than 25 m / s, it is possible to prevent the blade tip speed from exceeding 25 m / s. Therefore, the traveling allowable speed of the load transmission bearing used in the electromagnetic peripheral speed wind power generator is desirably 40 m / s or more and at least 25 m / s.

In the present invention, a free-action bearing is arranged on the shroud in the production of a load transmission bearing that transmits the stress such as the load generated on the rotating duct side in the rotor blade with shroud or the electromagnetic peripheral speed wind power generator to the shroud side. To make. The free action bearing used in this case is made of a lubricant / additive such as oil or grease filled in the lubricant chamber of the cage hollow part, or a fine hole in which the outside is immersed in the lubricant / additive. It is comprised from a saucer and either the ball | bowl on a saucer, or a roller, and does not have a rolling small ball. Specifically, a bottom lid is attached to the side of the free action bearing that contacts the shroud. Therefore, a hollow part can be comprised between the saucer of a holder | retainer and the bottom cover of a holder | retainer. Fill the lubricant / additives such as oil and grease with the hollow part formed between the saucer and the bottom lid as a lubricant chamber, and immerse the saucer in the filled lubricant / additive, as if to ship When this is "drafted" so that there is a "draft", the oil is passed through the micro-holes in the saucer immersed in the draft without applying pressure to the lubricant / additive and feeding it in the direction of the balls or rollers. Lubricants / additives such as grease and grease naturally exude from the outside of the saucer to the balls and rollers inside the saucer. In order to adjust the amount of oozing, in addition to adjusting the viscosity of the lubricant / additive, the size and number of fine holes drilled in the tray are adjusted. Furthermore, if necessary, an oil or grease in the lubricant chamber is interposed on the lubricant chamber side of the tray with an exudation suppression material made of at least one of filter paper, cloth, sponge-like resin, or slit. Adjust the amount of lubricant / additive that exudes to the ball or roller side. The ball and the roller can make the allowable travel speed of the free action bearing at least 40 m / s by sliding on the oil film in the saucer made by the lubricant / additive such as oil or grease that has oozed out.

By installing the free-action bearing with high traveling allowable speed of the present invention on the shroud to produce a load transmission bearing, it is easy to use a rotor blade with a shroud with a large diameter or a load bearing of a wind turbine generator using electromagnetic peripheral speed. Can be configured. In addition, the free action bearing can be dust-proof / drip-proof and is lightweight. In the present invention, a high-speed free action bearing can be realized by maintaining the relationship between the lubricant / additive in the lubricant chamber and the receiving hole having a fine hole in the oil draft. No need for expensive components. Therefore, since the lubricant / additive in the lubricant chamber and the saucer are only maintained at the position of the draft, the price is low, so the load as a rotor blade with a shroud or an electromagnetic peripheral speed wind power generator It is also advantageous in price competition when making transmission bearings.

Three or more free action bearings (100) are installed so as to circulate on the shroud (600) at a relative position that is substantially point-symmetrical when viewed from the center of the rotating duct (500) to constitute the load transmission bearing (200). Used to do. Generally, point symmetry means that when the product is used in a vertical position as in the case of the electromagnetic peripheral speed wind power generator (800), the arrangement of the free action bearings (100) is not necessarily equal. This is because the upper part of the shroud (600) may be arranged in a sparse state with a gap, and the lower part may be arranged densely.

The typical shape of the conventional free action bearing (100) is such that there are small rolling balls (113) on the tray (122) of the cage (120) as in the free action bearing (101) of FIG. The main ball (111) is in contact with the rolling small ball (113). On the other hand, the free action bearings ((102), (103)) of the present invention are different from the conventional free action bearings (101) as shown in FIG. 17, FIG. 18, FIG. 24 and FIG. Does not have rolling small balls (113).

In the present invention, instead of removing the rolling small balls (113) of the conventional free action bearing (101) from between the saucer (122) and the ball (111) of the cage (120), the saucer (122 ) And a ball or roller (110), an oil film (150) is always formed. By sliding the ball or roller (110) on the oil film (150), a free action bearing ( (102), (103)) It is realized that the traveling allowable speed is at least 40 m / s. In addition, the thickness of the oil film (150) between the tray (122) and the ball or roller (110) is very thin, and it is difficult to represent it in the drawing as it is. Therefore, the thickness of the oil film (150) is shown enlarged.

In order to realize the present invention, a microhole (160) having a maximum diameter of 5 mm and a minimum diameter of 0.01 mm is formed in the tray (122) of the cage (120). A laser, a drill, an electron beam, or the like can be used for drilling the fine hole (160). In the case of a laser or electron beam, there is little restriction on the incident angle, and drilling can be performed in almost any part, but in the case of a drill, the angle of inclination of the part where the drill blade abuts due to the bite of the drill tip. It is necessary that there is little.

When drilling with a laser or electron beam, the diameter from the entrance to the exit of the micro hole (160) needs to be the same, but when drilling with a drill, the diameter is 5 mm to the middle, and the ball It is also possible to realize 0.03 mm only at the last part on the side in contact with the roller (110).

FIGS. 12 to 18 show an example of a free action bearing (102) having a micro hole (160) drilled with a laser or an electron beam in a tray (122) of a holder (120).

In the free action bearing (102) of the present invention, first, a tray (122) is prepared, and fine holes (160) having an appropriate diameter are drilled by a laser or an electron beam. The saucer (122) having the fine holes (161) drilled is set on the main body of the cage (120), and the contact surface of the ball or roller (110) is polished. At this time, the tray (122) may be ground first and then set on the main body of the cage (120).

Next, the bottom cover (123) is attached to the side of the cage (120) that contacts the shroud (600), and the nipple (180) is attached to the side surface of the cage (120) body. In this way, in the conventional free action bearing (101), the lower part of the cage (120), which was a released space, is lubricated between the tray (122) and the bottom lid (123). An agent chamber (130) is formed. Since the lubricant chamber (130) is connected to the outside by a nipple (180), when a lubricant / additive (140) such as oil or grease is injected from the nipple (180), the lubricant chamber (130) is injected. Lubricants / additives (140) such as oil and grease can be filled.

When the outside of the tray (122) is immersed in a lubricant / additive (140) such as oil or grease filled in the lubricant chamber (130), the lubricant / additive (140) becomes a micropore in the tray (122). The oil film (150) is formed by oozing to the ball or roller (110) side through (161). Since the ball or roller (110) slides on the oil film (150), the free action bearing (102) of the present invention can achieve a traveling allowable speed of at least 40 m / s.

When a laser is used for drilling the fine holes (160), the current technology allows easy drilling up to a diameter of 0.25 mm, but a diameter smaller than that is poor in cost performance because a special technique is used. When the 0.25 mm diameter drilling is the minimum practical diameter by laser, depending on the selection of viscosity, lubricant / additives such as oil and grease ooze out to the ball and roller (110) side more than necessary. Sometimes. Excessive lubricant / additive not only inhibits rotation of the ball or roller (110), but also increases the consumption of the lubricant / additive, such as oil and grease, and increases maintenance requirements. Therefore, if necessary, an exudation suppression material (170) made of at least one of filter paper, cloth, sponge-like resin, or slit is interposed between the tray (122) and the lubricant chamber (130). And adjusting the amount of lubricant / additive (140) such as oil or grease that oozes through the micropores (160) to the ball or roller (110) side.

19 to 25 show a case where a drill is used for drilling the fine hole (160). With the current technology, although the diameter of the drill blade is up to about 0.03 mm, it cannot be handled unless the thickness of the drilled tip is about 0.1 mm or less. The diameter of the drill that can be used when the thickness of the saucer (122) is 2 to 3 mm is about 0.1 mm, and the direction of the drill is limited due to the bite when the drill blade is applied to the object. Is done. Therefore, when using a drill in the present invention, drilling is performed such that the direction in which the drill proceeds is the center direction of the ball or roller (110).

First, fine holes (162) are drilled in the saucer (122) with a drill, attached to the cage (120) body, and then polished. At this time, the cage (120) may be attached to the main body after being polished. Next, a bottom lid (123) is attached to the side of the cage (120) where the shroud (600) is installed, and a nipple (180) is attached to the side surface of the cage (120).

The portion sandwiched between the tray (122) and the bottom lid (123) serves as a lubricant chamber (130) and is connected to the outside through the nipple (180). A lubricant / additive (140) such as oil or grease is injected from the nipple (180) to fill the lubricant chamber (130).

Since the micro-hole (162) is opened in the tray (122), when the outside of the tray (122) is immersed in a lubricant / additive (140) such as oil or grease, the lubricant / additive (140) Oozes through the fine holes (162) of the tray (122) to the balls and rollers (110) to form an oil film (150). Since the ball and the roller (110) slide on the oil film (150), a traveling allowable speed of at least 40 m / s can be realized.

Depending on the viscosity of the lubricant / additive (140) such as oil or grease, excessive lubricant / additive may ooze out to the ball or roller (110) side and inhibit the rotation of the ball or roller (110). Since the maintenance requirement is increased, if necessary, an exudation suppressing material (170) made of at least one of filter paper, cloth, sponge-like resin, or slit is used as a lubricant chamber (130) and a tray ( 122) to adjust the amount of oozing out of the lubricant / additive (140) such as oil or grease.

When the lubricant chamber (130) of the free action bearing ((102), (103)) is sufficiently filled with lubricant / additive (140) such as oil or grease, An oil film (150) having a thickness of several hundred μm to several μm is formed. Therefore, the ball or roller (110) does not directly contact the tray (122). However, when the amount of the lubricant / additive (140) in the lubricant chamber is remarkably reduced or a sudden stress is applied to the free action bearings ((102), (103)), the tray (122) An oil film (150) may not be formed on the surface of the film. At this time, the ball or roller (110) and the saucer (122) may come into direct contact with each other and damage the surface. As a safety measure in such a case, the keel (124) is made of a softer material than the ball or roller (110), attached to the inner surface of the tray (122), and an oil film on the tray (122) ( Even if it is unforeseen that 150) could not be constructed, it may be a preliminary means for preventing the surfaces of the balls and rollers (110) and the tray (122) from coming into direct contact.

The plate-shaped keel (124) on the inner surface of the tray (122) of the free action bearings ((102), (103)) is usually about 3 to 0.5 mm in thickness, from the inner surface of the tray (122). The height in the direction of the ball or roller (110) is based on about ½ of the thickness of the oil film (150). The thickness of the oil film (150) varies depending on the type and quality of the lubricant / additive (140) used, but if it is 50 μm thick, the keel (124) is about 25 μm inside the tray (122). Configured to be height. Therefore, when the oil film (150) on the inner surface of the tray (122) is formed with a sufficient thickness, the keel (124) is immersed in the oil film (150) and is in contact with the ball or roller (110). Never do.

Although the keel (124) may be formed by directly processing the saucer (122), the keel (124) is usually made separately from the saucer (122) and is used for a piston ring used in a reciprocating engine or the like. It is formed in a shape like a half crack and fitted inside the tray (122).

The direction in which the keel (124) is attached to the tray (122) is in the normal direction of rotation of the ball or roller (110) when the oil film (150) attached to the ball or roller (110) is scraped off. It is also possible to configure in a direction perpendicular to the direction. However, when the keel (124) is configured orthogonal to the rotation direction, heat of stirring is likely to be generated in the oil film (150). Thus, in many cases, the keel (124) is configured such that the ball or roller (110) is typically parallel to the direction of rotation.

When the free action bearings ((102), (103)) are used as the load transmission bearings (200) of the rotor blades (700) with shrouds, they are used in a substantially horizontal position as shown in FIGS. Moreover, when using as a load transmission bearing (200) of an electromagnetic peripheral-speed wind power generator (800), it is used in the substantially vertical position of FIG. 29 and FIG.

FIG. 17, FIG. 24, FIG. 27, FIG. 28, FIG. 29, and FIG. Three or more on the shroud to form a load transmission bearing that transmits stress such as lift and load generated on the rotating duct side to the shroud side between the fuselage and the shroud fixed to the terrain / features Free action bearings that are installed and used with a ball or roller in contact with a rotating duct are installed in a saucer with a hole of any diameter between 5mm and 0.01mm in diameter and in a shroud of a cage. When the bottom lid is provided on the side to be mounted and a hollow portion is formed between the tray on which the microhole is perforated and the bottom lid on the side installed on the shroud, and this is used as the lubricant chamber, the free action When the alling ball or roller is set up and the bottom lid is set down, when the outer part of the saucer immersed in the lubricant / additive in the lubricant chamber is used as a draft, the lubricant / The position of the oil line where the oil surface, which is the horizontal surface of the additive, and the outside of the tray meet, is between the lowest point of the ball or roller diameter and the center point of the ball or roller diameter. When the installation position of the action bearing is changed except for the direction in which the ball or roller is up and the bottom lid is down, the hollow part that allows the oil surface to follow freely around the tray only by gravity It has a lubricant chamber and has one fine hole for the lubricant / additive in the lubricant chamber below the oil line to serve as a lubricant / additive to the ball or roller side of the lubricant / additive. The lubricant / additive balls and The saucer having one or more fine holes serving as oil discharge ports from the side of the oiler constitutes the draft relation position, thereby maintaining the lubricant / additive in the lubricant chamber at the draft relation position. In the meantime, it is an embodiment of a free action bearing characterized in that an oil film is formed by oozing out lubricant / additive from the outside of the saucer through the micro holes to the balls and rollers inside the saucer.

18 and 25, a lubricant chamber composed of a hollow portion between a saucer with a microscopic hole and a bottom lid is filled with a lubricant / additive such as oil or grease, and the lubricant chamber is filled. Since the saucer soaked in the lubricant / additive is at the position related to the draft, the ball or roller runs on the oil film that oozes out from the outside of the saucer in the draft through the fine holes to the ball or roller side inside the saucer. In the free action bearing of Example 1 having a mechanism of rotating, a filter paper, a cloth or a sponge is provided between a lubricant chamber filled with a lubricant / additive such as oil or grease and a tray in which fine holes are perforated. The amount of lubricant / additive such as oil or grease in the lubricant chamber oozes out to the ball or roller side by interposing an exudation suppression material made of at least one of the resin-like resin or slit. Making the structure adjustable It is an example of a free action bearings and features.

FIGS. 12 to 18 and FIGS. 19 to 25 show that, in the production of a free action bearing, two or more micro holes with a diameter of 5 mm to 0.01 mm are drilled in a cage tray with a laser, an electron beam or a drill. A step, a step of attaching a saucer with fine holes drilled to the cage body, a bottom lid attached to the cage part on the side installed on the shroud, and a hollow portion between the saucer and the bottom lid with fine holes A lubricant chamber, a step of attaching a nipple communicating with the lubricant chamber to a side surface of the cage, a step of placing either a ball or a roller or a cap in the upper part of the cage, With the action bearing ball and roller up, the bottom lid down, the oil / grease and other lubricants / additives are injected into the lubricant chamber from the nipple. Filling the space between the lowest point of the diameter of the roller and the center point of the diameter of the ball or the roller, and forming a relation position of the draft in the saucer to complete the free action bearing. It is an Example of the manufacturing method of the free action bearing described in Example 1 and Example 2.

The free action bearing having a high traveling allowable speed of the present invention is indispensable when configuring a load transmission bearing of a rotor blade with a shroud or a load transmission bearing of a wind turbine generator using electromagnetic peripheral speed. Since the high-speed free action bearing of the present invention is lightweight, inexpensive, and excellent in dustproof / drip-proof, it is used for a rotor blade with a shroud and an electromagnetic peripheral speed wind power generator. In contrast to conventional thrust bearings, radial bearings, and cross roller rings, the ball and roller are supported by point contact and line contact of the inner ring and outer ring. Because it is supported by contact, it can withstand very large loads. Therefore, it can be widely used even in places that require high load resistance, such as supporting the cutter face of a tunnel boring machine or shield machine.

(A) The figure shows the top view and side view of the rotor part of a conventional helicopter, and the amount of lift generated. The lift force generated in this case indicates a negative direction at the blade tip. Figure (B) shows a plan view and side view of the rotor blade with shroud and the amount of lift generated. The lift force generated in this case indicates that it is in the plus direction at all points. FIG. 4A is a plan view of a rotor blade with a shroud. A circle is a range for displaying a cross section, a one-dot chain line is a place for drawing the cross section, and a hollow arrow indicates a direction for viewing the cross section. Fig. (B) is a partial cross-sectional view of a rotor blade with a shroud and shows the location of a free action bearing when using balls. FIG. 4A is a plan view of a rotor blade with a shroud. A circle is a range for displaying a cross section, a one-dot chain line is a place for drawing the cross section, and a hollow arrow indicates a direction for viewing the cross section. Fig. (B) is a partial cross-sectional view of a rotor blade with a shroud, and shows the location of the free action bearing when a roller is used. (A) The figure has shown the conventional propeller type wind power generator. Fig. (B) shows an electromagnetic peripheral speed wind power generator. (A) The figure is a front view of the blade | wing part of an electromagnetic peripheral speed utilization wind power generator. A circle is a range for displaying a cross section, a one-dot chain line is a place for drawing the cross section, and a hollow arrow indicates a direction for viewing the cross section. Figure (B) is a partial cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic peripheral speed wind power generator, showing the location of the free action bearing when using balls. (A) The figure is a front view of the blade | wing part of an electromagnetic peripheral speed utilization wind power generator. A circle is a range for displaying a cross section, a one-dot chain line is a place for drawing the cross section, and a hollow arrow indicates a direction for viewing the cross section. Fig. (B) is a partial cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic peripheral speed wind power generator, and shows the location of the free-action bearing when a roller is used. (A) is a plan view in which the blades and rotating duct portions are removed from the shroud-equipped rotor blades and the electromagnetic peripheral speed wind power generator so that the shroud portion can be seen. In this example, the load transmission bearing is constituted by a free action bearing of 32 balls arranged on the shroud. Fig. (B) is an enlarged view of a free action bearing with balls constituting a load transmission bearing. (A) is a plan view in which the blades and rotating duct portions are removed from the shroud-equipped rotor blades and the electromagnetic peripheral speed wind power generator so that the shroud portion can be seen. In this example, the load transmission bearing is constituted by a free action bearing of 32 rollers arranged on the shroud. Fig. (B) is an enlarged view of a free action bearing with rollers constituting a load transmission bearing. (A) A figure is an example of the free action bearing of this invention by a ball | bowl. The dotted line portion indicates the tray portion. In addition, the alternate long and short dash line is a place when a cross section is drawn, and a hollow arrow indicates a viewing direction when the cross section is drawn. Fig. (B) shows a case where one micro hole is formed in the center of the saucer, and a minute hole is perforated around a portion near the periphery of the saucer. Fig. (C) shows a case in which one row of fine holes is formed in the portion near the center of the saucer and one row of fine holes is formed in the portion near the periphery of the saucer. Fig. (D) shows a case where micro holes are drilled in a specific pattern arbitrarily set in the tray part. Fig. (E) shows a case where a large number of fine holes are drilled on the entire surface of the tray. (A) A figure is an example of the free action bearing of this invention by a roller. The dotted line portion indicates the tray portion. In addition, the alternate long and short dash line is a place when a cross section is drawn, and a hollow arrow indicates a viewing direction when the cross section is drawn. Fig. (B) shows a case where one micro hole is drilled in the center of the saucer and two rows of micro holes are perforated in a portion close to the periphery of the saucer. Fig. (C) shows a case where one row of fine holes is drilled near the center of the saucer and two rows of fine holes are drilled near the periphery of the saucer. Fig. (D) shows a case where micro holes are drilled in a specific pattern arbitrarily set in the tray part. Fig. (E) shows a case where a large number of fine holes are drilled on the entire surface of the tray. The figure is a partial sectional view of a conventional free action bearing. It consists of main balls and rolling small balls. The figure is an example of a saucer when drilled with a laser or electron beam. The figure shows an example in which a saucer drilled with a laser or an electron beam is attached to the main body of the cage. The figure shows an example in which a bottom lid is attached to the side of the cage that is installed on the shroud and a lubricant chamber is formed in the cage body. The figure shows an example in which a nipple is attached to a side surface of a main body of a cage having a lubricant chamber sandwiched between a tray and a bottom lid when a ball is used. The figure shows an example in which either a ball or a roller and a hat are placed in the upper part of the cage. Balls and rollers before oil / grease and other lubricants / additives are injected into the lubricant chamber to form a draft are in contact with the saucer. The figure shows that a lubricant / additive such as oil or grease is injected through a nipple into the lubricant chamber sandwiched between the tray and the bottom lid, and the oil surface is from the lowest point of the diameter of the ball or roller. It is an example of the free action bearing of this invention completed by filling so that it may exist to the center point of the diameter of a roller. The figure shows the amount of lubricant / additives such as oil and grease filled in the lubricant chamber oozing out to the balls and rollers through the micropores in the tray. This is an example in which an exudation suppressing material consisting of at least one of filter paper, cloth, sponge-like resin, or slit is interposed. The figure is an example of a saucer in which fine holes are drilled with a drill. The figure shows an example in which a saucer having fine holes drilled therein is attached to the cage body. The figure shows an example in which a lubricant chamber is formed in the main body of the retainer with a tray and a bottom lid. The figure shows an example in which a nipple is attached to a side surface of a main body of a cage having a lubricant chamber sandwiched between a tray and a bottom lid when a ball is used. The figure shows an example in which either a ball or a roller and a hat are placed in the upper part of the cage. Balls and rollers before oil / grease and other lubricants / additives are injected into the lubricant chamber to form a draft are in contact with the saucer. The figure shows that a lubricant / additive such as oil or grease is injected through a nipple into the lubricant chamber sandwiched between the tray and the bottom lid, and the oil surface is from the lowest point of the diameter of the ball or roller. It is an example of the free action bearing of this invention completed by filling so that it may exist to the center point of the diameter of a roller. The figure shows the amount of lubricant / additives such as oil and grease filled in the lubricant chamber oozing out to the balls and rollers through the micropores in the tray. This is an example in which an exudation suppressing material consisting of at least one of filter paper, cloth, sponge-like resin, or slit is interposed. (A) A figure is an example which attached the keel which has the height of 1/2 of the thickness of the oil film on a saucer to the inside of the saucer for balls. Fig. (B) shows an example in which a keel having a height that is 1/2 the thickness of the oil film on the saucer is mounted inside the saucer for the roller. The figure is a partial cross-sectional view of a free action bearing used as a load transmission bearing mounted at a horizontal position of a rotor blade with a shroud as viewed from the diameter direction of the rotating duct. The figure is a partial cross-sectional view of a free action bearing used as a load transmission bearing mounted at a horizontal position of a rotor blade with a shroud as viewed from the diameter direction of the rotating duct. The figure is a partial cross-sectional view of the free action bearing used in the periphery with the maximum diameter with respect to the horizontal plane of the load transmission bearing installed in the vertical position of the electromagnetic peripheral speed wind power generator viewed from the diameter direction of the rotating duct. is there. The figure is a partial cross-sectional view of the free action bearing used in the periphery with the maximum diameter with respect to the horizontal plane of the load transmission bearing installed in the vertical position of the electromagnetic peripheral speed wind power generator viewed from the diameter direction of the rotating duct. is there. FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view showing an O-ring and a stopper taken out from a cage cap. The O-ring is a pipe-shaped donut type with a hollow section and is often made of polyurethane, and the stopper is a donut type with a square cross section and is based on fluororesin, but all can be made of other materials . (B) is a partial cross-sectional view in which an O-ring and a stopper are housed in a cap of a cage. A pipe-shaped donut-shaped polyurethane O-ring with a hollow cross section deforms in the cap and adheres to the ball or roller to prevent leakage of the lubricant / additive. (A) The figure is a cross-sectional view of a pipe-like circular donut-shaped O-ring having a hollow portion in the cross-section. Fig. (B) is a plan view of a pipe-like circular donut-shaped O-ring with a hollow section in the cross section. (A) The figure is a cross-sectional view of a pipe-like square donut-shaped O-ring having a hollow portion in the cross-section. Fig. (B) is a plan view of a pipe-like square donut-shaped O-ring with a hollow part in the cross section.

100 Free action bearing 101 Free action bearing (conventional type)
102 Free action bearings (perforation type by laser or electron beam)
103 Free action bearing (drilling type by drill)
110 Ball and roller 111 Ball 112 Roller 113 Rolling small ball 120 Cage 121 Cap 122 Receptacle 123 Bottom lid 124 Keel 130 Lubricant chamber 140 Lubricant / additive 150 Oil film 160 Fine hole 161 Fine hole (drilled with laser or electron beam) )
162 Fine holes (drilled)
170 Exudation control material 180 Nipple 181 O-ring 182 Stopper 190 Oil 191 Oil line 192 Oil surface 193 The center point of the diameter of the ball or roller 194 The lowest point of the diameter of the ball or roller 200 Load transmission bearing 310 Field magnet 320 Armature 400 blade 401 drag blade 402 lift blade 500 rotating duct 600 shroud 700 rotating blade with shroud 800 electromagnetic peripheral speed wind power generator 900 lift

Claims

Used for rotating blades with shrouds and wind power generators using electromagnetic peripheral speed, rotating between a rotating duct that rotates with respect to the airframe, topography, and features, and a shroud that is fixed to the airframe, topography, features. Free action bearings that are installed on the shroud with 3 or more load transmission bearings that transmit the lift, load, and other stresses generated on the duct side to the shroud, with balls and rollers in contact with the rotating duct Is provided with a bottom plate on the side of the retainer that is provided on the shroud of the cage, and provided with a bottom cover on the shroud of the cage. When a hollow part is formed between the bottom cover on the installation side and this is used as the lubricant chamber, the ball and roller of the free action bearing will be up and the bottom cover will be down. When the outside part of the saucer soaked in the lubricant / additive in the lubricant chamber is used as a draft, the oil surface which is the horizontal surface of the lubricant / additive and the outside of the saucer meet. The location of the oil line is between the lowest point of the ball or roller diameter and the center point of the ball or roller diameter, with the ball or roller on the free action bearing and the bottom lid on the bottom. When the installation position is changed in a direction other than the direction, the lubricant surface has a hollow lubricant chamber that allows the oil surface to follow freely around the tray only by gravity, and the lubricant in the lubricant chamber / With respect to the additive, the lubricant / additive has one or more fine holes that serve as the oil supply port on the ball or roller side below the oil line, and the lubricant / additive around the oil line. A receiver having one or more fine holes that serve as oil drains from the balls and rollers. However, while maintaining the lubricant / additive in the lubricant chamber at the oil-related position by configuring the oil-related position, a ball or roller inside the saucer is passed through the micro hole from the outside of the saucer. A free action bearing characterized in that an oil film is formed by oozing out lubricant / additive.
Fill the lubricant chamber composed of the hollow part between the saucer and the bottom lid with fine holes filled with lubricant / additives such as oil and grease, and soak in the lubricant / additive filled in the lubricant chamber. Since the receiving tray is in a position related to the drafting, the ball or roller rotates on the oil film that oozes out from the outside of the receiving tray in the draft through the fine hole to the ball or roller inside the receiving tray. In the free action bearing according to item 1, between a lubricant chamber filled with a lubricant / additive such as oil or grease and a tray with a fine hole, a filter paper, cloth, sponge-like resin, or slit In addition, a structure capable of adjusting the amount of lubricant / additive such as oil or grease in the lubricant chamber to the ball or roller side by interposing an exudation suppressing material made of at least one of the materials. Features free Action bearing.
In the production of free action bearings, a step of drilling two or more micro holes with a diameter of 5 mm to 0.01 mm with a laser, an electron beam or a drill in the tray of the cage, and a tray with the micro holes drilled in the cage A step of attaching to the main body, a step of attaching a bottom lid to the cage portion on the side to be installed on the shroud, and forming a lubricant chamber comprising a hollow portion between the saucer having a fine hole and the bottom lid, and a lubricant chamber A step of attaching a nipple connected to the cage to the side of the cage, a step of placing either a ball or a roller or a cap in the upper part of the cage, and placing the free action bearing on the ball or roller and lowering the bottom lid When injecting lubricant / additives such as oil and grease from the nipple into the lubricant chamber, the oil surface is moved from the lowest point of the ball or roller diameter to the ball. 3. A step of filling the inner diameter of the roller up to the center point of the roller to form a related position of the draft in the tray and completing the free action bearing. The manufacturing method of the described free action bearing.