WO2011057483A1

WO2011057483A1 - Method for decelerating flow speed of molten aluminum and abrasion rate of cathode in aluminum electrolytic cell

Info

Publication number: WO2011057483A1
Application number: PCT/CN2010/070945
Authority: WO
Inventors: 冯乃祥
Original assignee: 沈阳北冶冶金科技有限公司
Priority date: 2009-11-12
Filing date: 2010-03-10
Publication date: 2011-05-19
Also published as: CN101701344B; CN101701344A

Abstract

A method for decelerating the flow speed of molten aluminum and the abrasion rate of the cathode in an aluminum electrolytic cell is disclosed, and it belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis. For an electrolytic cell having cathode carbon blocks with bulges on their surfaces, carbon tamping paste is arranged between two adjacent cathode carbon blocks in the cell, and on top of which a refractory wallboard is provided. The upper surface of the refractory wallboard has the same height as the bulges on cathode carbon blocks, or it can be higher than that of the bulges. The shape of the upper surface of cathode carbon block located at the side of the refractory wallboard is plane or bulged. The present method can decelerate the flow speed of molten aluminum and its turbulence, and it can improve the stability of the molten aluminum on its top surface in the electrolytic cell. The abrasion of bulges on the cathode carbon blocks can be lessened and it has no influence on the electrolytic procedure and the quantity of the obtained aluminum product.

Description

Method for reducing flow rate of aluminum liquid in electrolytic cell and slowing down cathode wear

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrolytic aluminum, and particularly relates to a method for reducing the flow rate of aluminum liquid in an electrolytic cell and reducing the wear of the cathode.

Background technique

At present, pure aluminum in the industry is produced by molten salt electrolysis. The production of aluminum electrolysis needs to consume higher electric energy, and its direct current consumption can be expressed by the following formula:

W(kWh / t - Al) = 29S0^- where V is the average voltage of the cell and CE is the current efficiency of the cell.

It can be seen from the above formula that in order to reduce the electric energy consumption of aluminum electrolysis production, it can be realized by reducing the voltage of the electrolysis cell. On the current industrial electrolysis cell, if the current efficiency is kept constant, the cell voltage of the electrolysis cell is decreased by 0.1 volt. It can reduce DC power consumption by 300kWh/t · A1 or more.

Reducing the cell voltage can be achieved by improving the cathode structure of the cell and improving the stability of the cathode aluminum surface. To this end, researchers have invented an aluminum cell having a cathode structure with various types of protrusions on the cathode surface. The stability of the cathode aluminum liquid surface of the electrolytic cell is greatly improved, thereby reducing the effective pole pitch and the cell voltage of the electrolytic cell, and the effect of greatly reducing the DC power consumption of the aluminum electrolysis is obtained. However, there is still a large flow rate and fluctuation of the aluminum liquid on the convex upper surface. This flow and fluctuation cause the surface of the convex cathode to be abraded, so it is necessary to further reduce the flow rate and fluctuation of the cathode aluminum surface.

Summary of the invention

In view of the problems of high flow rate of aluminum liquid, fluctuation of liquid level and serious corrosion of aluminum liquid in the current aluminum electrolysis process, the present invention provides a method for reducing the flow rate of aluminum liquid in the electrolytic cell and reducing the wear of the cathode, thereby improving the electrolytic cell. The stability of the cathode aluminum liquid, the reduction of the cathode consumption of the bump, and the purpose of improving the life of the electrolytic cell.

The invention is provided with a refractory wall plate on the upper part of the carbon tamping paste between every two adjacent cathode carbon blocks of the electrolytic cell, the wall plate is made of silicon carbonitride or magnesium aluminum spinel, or is made of magnesium Made of high-density refractory, magnesium-aluminum high-density refractory or magnesia-calcium high-density refractory. The wall panels are disposed in a direction parallel to the length direction of the cathode carbon block, and are disposed on the upper portion of the carbon tamping paste between the two cathode carbon blocks, and the upper surface of the wall plates and the protrusions on the surface of the cathode carbon block It is as high or higher than the upper surface of the cathode carbon block bump. Refractory wallboard between these two cathode carbon blocks has a further block of aluminum flow rate Reduce the fluctuation of aluminum liquid, improve the stability of the aluminum surface of the electrolytic cell, and reduce the convex abrasion of the surface of the cathode carbon block. The present invention is particularly directed to an electrolytic cell having a cathode carbon block having a raised structure on the surface. This novel cathode structure electrolytic cell is proposed by the invention patent application 200710010523.4.

The refractory wall panel provided on the upper portion of the adjacent two cathode carbon block carbon tamping pastes has a width of 6 to 10 cm and a height of 10 to 18 cm. The shape of the upper surface of the cathode carbon block on the side of the refractory wallboard is flat, or has a convex structure (as shown in FIG. 5), the width of the protrusion is 3 to 8 cm, the height is 2 to 15 cm, and the length and the wall The length of the plate is uniform and the raised cross section is rectangular. This projection prevents the deposit on the cathode carbon block from entering the edge of the refractory wallboard to erode the wallboard during normal production of the cell. The cross section of the refractory wallboard is rectangular or trapezoidal. In the direction between each two adjacent cathode carbon blocks and in the direction of the length of the cathode carbon block, the number of the refractory wall plates is 2 to 8, and is arranged in two rows of the power feeding end and the power discharging end of the electrolytic cell. Below the bottom surface of the anode, when the number of refractory wallboards is two, the distance between the two refractory wallboards is 10 to 25 cm. When the number of refractory wallboards is 3~8, the distance between the two refractory wallboards except the bottom of the anode is 10~20cm, and the distance between other wallboards is 5~20cm, for each refractory wallboard The length is the same. The value obtained by dividing the length of the cathode carbon block of the electrolytic cell minus the total length of the discontinuity by the number of wallboards is the length of each wallboard.

The protrusion on the upper surface of the cathode carbon block is parallel to the length direction of the cathode carbon block and is located at the center of the upper surface of the cathode carbon block, and has a width of 13 to 20 cm and a height of 10 to 18 cm, and has a discontinuity in the longitudinal direction. 1 to 5 pieces. When there is only one discontinuity in the longitudinal direction of the protrusion, the intermittent position is located at the position of the large slit in the middle of the two rows of anodes of the electrolytic cell, and the intermittent distance is 10 to 20 cm, when the protrusion on the surface of the cathode carbon block When the interval is 3~5, the position of the middle discontinuity is also located at the position of the middle slit between the two rows of anodes of the electrolytic cell, and the length is 10~20cm, and the other two discontinuities are located on both sides of the intermediate discontinuity, and the length thereof is 10~15cm. When the number of discontinuities is 4~5, the length of the discontinuity of the lower side of the two rows of anodes is 10~20cm, the length of other discontinuities is 5~20cm, the length of each protrusion is the same, and the cathode carbon block of the electrolytic cell The value obtained by dividing the length minus the total length of the discontinuity by the number of projections is the length of each projection.

The shape of the convex cross section of the upper surface of the cathode carbon block of the electrolytic cell is trapezoidal, or the upper part is rectangular, the lower part is trapezoidal, or the upper part and the lower part are rectangular. However, whether it is trapezoidal or rectangular, the joint between the convex portion and the carbon block base is rounded.

The shape, structure and dimensions of the above cathode carbon block projections are consistent with patent application 200710010523.4.

At the intermediate discontinuity of the upper surface of each cathode carbon block, a protrusion perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cathode carbon block may be provided, and the vertical projections are integral with the cathode carbon block. The distance between the projection perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cathode carbon block and the parallel projection is 5 to 10 cm. For an integral electrolytic cell, the cathode carbon block located at the end of the aluminum outlet is not provided with a projection perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cathode carbon block. The vertical projection has a rectangular or trapezoidal cross section, but whether it is a rectangle or a ladder, its connection to the carbon block base is rounded. The length of the vertical bumps is the same as the width of each cathode carbon block.

In the present invention, the billet of the cathode carbon block having a convex structure on the surface is formed by kneading and extruding the aggregate and the binder pitch, and the aggregate is made of calcined anthracite or calcined anthracite. Mixture with artificial graphite. Cathode carbon When the aggregate of the block blank is a kneaded product of calcined anthracite and artificial graphite, the content of the artificial graphite is 0 to 50% (mass ratio), and the artificial graphite is added as a fine powder, and the particle size is less than 0.075 mm. The blank of the cathode carbon block of the novel cathode structure may also be a hard artificial graphite. The blank of the new cathode carbon block can also be graded according to the mass percentage of the artificial graphite to the aggregate. That is, in the process of batching the billet, the lower part of the billet is made of aggregate containing a high percentage of artificial graphite, and the content of artificial graphite is 60-100%, and the rest is electro-calcined anthracite, which accounts for the entire aggregate of the aggregate. 0~40% (mass content); and within the range of 10~20cm in the upper part of the blank, the artificial graphite in the aggregate should be as little as possible or all of the electric calcined anthracite, the mass content of artificial graphite is 0~30%, and the rest is Electric calcined anthracite; and between the two is a transition layer, the ratio of artificial graphite and calcined anthracite is between the ratio of the upper and lower layers.

In the present invention, in order to reduce the erosion of the protrusion of the cathode aluminum liquid on the surface of the cathode carbon block of the electrolytic cell, the convex upper surface of the surface of the cathode carbon block may be coated with a certain thickness of TiB ₂ /C composite material, the thickness thereof. 2~5cm, TiB ₂ /C composite material has a mass content of TiB ₂ of 30~80%, and the rest is artificial graphite powder. The mixture of the two is made of thermosetting resin as binder, and the amount of adhesive is percentage by mass. The total amount of TiB ₂ and artificial graphite powder is 5 to 15%. After mixing, it is applied to the upper surface of the bump and then cured at a temperature of 100 to 200 °C. During the start-up of the electrolysis cell, the thermosetting resin is pyrolyzed to form a TiB ₂ /C composite. The adhesive can be selected from commonly used thermosetting resins.

The invention provides a refractory wallboard on the carbon tamping paste between two adjacent cathode carbon blocks of the electrolytic cell, the wallboard being made of anti-abrasive and anti-corrosion aluminum-magnesium spinel or silicon carbonitride. Made of materials, the height decreases with the increase of aluminum electrolysis time. These refractory wallboards further slow down the flow rate of aluminum liquid, reduce the fluctuation of aluminum liquid, improve the liquid level stability of the electrolytic bath, and reduce the surface of the cathode carbon block. The function of bulging abrasion has no effect on the aluminum electrolysis process and the quality of aluminum.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a plan view of an electrolytic cell in which a refractory wall panel is disposed between two adjacent cathode carbon blocks.

Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the C-C in Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a schematic view of a novel structure electrolytic cell with a convex portion at the side of the cathode carbon block;

Figure 6 is a plan view of a novel structure electrolytic cell with a convex portion at the edge of the cathode carbon block;

Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the shape of a cathode protrusion having a trapezoidal cross section;

Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the shape of a cathode protrusion having a rectangular lower portion and a trapezoidal shape in a cross section;

Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the shape of a cathode protrusion having a trapezoidal lower portion in a cross section;

Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the shape of a cathode projection having a rectangular cross section.

In the figure: 1. side slope, 2. cathode carbon block, 3. refractory wall board, 4. cathode steel rod, 5. tank wall insulation material, 6. side Steel shell, 7. Cast refractory material, 8. Side carbon block, 9. Carbon tamping paste, 10. Bottom insulation material, 11. Bottom steel shell, 12. Raised.

detailed description

As shown in the figure, the outside of the electrolytic cell of the new cathode structure has a side steel shell 6 and a bottom steel shell 11, which is in close contact with the side steel shell.

6 is the wall insulation material 5, the inside of the wall insulation material 5 is the side carbon block 8 (or silicon carbonitride brick), the cathode carbon block 2 and the side carbon block 8 (or the carbon silicon nitride brick) pass the side The slope 1 is connected. The whole cathode of the electrolytic cell is composed of a plurality of cathode carbon blocks 2, and two adjacent cathode carbon blocks 2 are connected by a carbon slag paste 9 which is connected to an external power source through a cathode steel rod 4 at a cathode carbon block. 2 There is a bottom insulation material 10 at the bottom, and a bottom steel shell 11 at the bottom of the bottom insulation material 10. Unlike the conventional aluminum electrolytic cell, the surface of the cathode carbon block of the electrolytic cell of the novel cathode structure has a convex structure parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cathode carbon block. The invention is provided between the two adjacent cathode carbon blocks by a refractory wall panel 3, and the refractory wall panel 3 is arranged at the upper part of the cathode slit, which is embedded between the two cathode carbon blocks and abuts against the refractory wallboard 3. The surface of the cathode carbon block 2 may be flat or may be formed as a protrusion 12 having a shape as shown in Fig. 5. The refractory wall panel 3 further reduces the flow rate of the aluminum liquid and maintains the stability of the aluminum liquid.

Example 1

For an electrolytic cell having a cathode carbon block having a convex structure on the surface, a refractory wall plate is disposed on the upper portion of the carbon tamping paste between each two adjacent cathode carbon blocks of the electrolytic cell, and the wall plate is carbonitrided Made of silicon. The wall panels are disposed in a direction parallel to the length direction of the cathode carbon block, and are disposed on the upper portion of the carbon tamping paste between the two cathode carbon blocks, and the upper surface of the wall plates and the protrusions on the surface of the cathode carbon block same height. The refractory wallboard between the two cathode carbon blocks has the function of further blocking the flow rate of the aluminum liquid to reduce the fluctuation of the aluminum liquid, improving the liquid level stability of the electrolytic bath, and reducing the surface abrasion of the cathode carbon block.

The refractory wall panel provided on the upper portion of the adjacent two cathode carbon block carbon tamping pastes has a width of 8 cm and a height of 14 cm. The shape of the upper surface of the cathode carbon block on the side of the refractory wall panel is flat. The cross section of the refractory wallboard is rectangular. In the direction between each two adjacent cathode carbon blocks and in the direction of the length of the cathode carbon block, the number of the above-mentioned refractory wall plates is five, and is disposed at the inlet end and the power output end of the electrolytic cell. Below, except for the distance between the two refractory wallboards at the lower edge of the anode, the distance between the other wallboards is 12cm, the length of each refractory wallboard is the same, and the length of the cathode carbon block of the electrolytic cell minus the discontinuity. The value obtained by dividing the total length by the number of wall panels is the length of each wall panel.

In order to reduce the erosion of the cathode aluminum liquid on the surface of the cathode carbon block of the electrolytic cell, the convex upper surface of the cathode carbon block surface may be coated with a certain thickness of TiB ₂ /C composite material, the thickness of which is 3.5 cm, TiB The mass content of TiB ₂ in the ₂ / C composite is 55%, and the rest is artificial graphite powder. The mixture of the two is made of thermosetting resin as binder. The amount of binder is the total amount of TiB ₂ and artificial graphite powder. 10%. After mixing, it was applied to the upper surface of the bump and then cured at a temperature of 150 °C. During the start-up of the electrolysis cell, the thermosetting resin is pyrolyzed to form a complex of TiB ₂ /C. Materials.

Example 2

For an electrolytic cell having a cathode carbon block with a convex structure on the surface, a refractory wall plate is disposed on the upper portion of the carbon tamping paste between each two adjacent cathode carbon blocks of the electrolytic cell, and the wall plate is made of a magnesium-aluminum tip. Made of spar. The wall panels are disposed in a direction parallel to the length direction of the cathode carbon block, and are disposed on the upper portion of the carbon tamping paste between the two cathode carbon blocks, the upper surfaces of the wall plates being higher than the cathode carbon block projections surface. The refractory wallboard between the two cathode carbon blocks has the function of further blocking the flow rate of the aluminum liquid to reduce the fluctuation of the aluminum liquid, improving the liquid level stability of the electrolytic bath, and reducing the surface abrasion of the cathode carbon block.

The refractory wall panel provided on the upper portion of the adjacent two cathode carbon block carbon tamping pastes has a width of 10 cm and a height of 18 cm. The upper surface of the cathode carbon block on the side of the refractory wallboard has a convex structure (as shown in FIG. 5), the protrusion has a width of 5 cm and a height of 8 cm, and the length is consistent with the length of the wall panel, and the convex cross section is rectangle. This protrusion prevents the deposit on the cathode carbon block from entering the edge of the refractory wall panel to erode the wall panel during normal production of the electrolytic cell. The cross section of the refractory wallboard is trapezoidal. In the direction between each two adjacent cathode carbon blocks and in the direction of the length of the cathode carbon block, the number of the refractory wall plates is set to eight, and is disposed at the inlet end and the output end of the electrolytic cell. Below, except for the distance between the two refractory wallboards at the lower edge of the anode, the distance between the other wallboards is 5cm, the length of each refractory wallboard is the same, and the length of the cathode carbon block of the electrolytic cell is subtracted from the discontinuity. The value obtained by dividing the total length by the number of wall panels is the length of each wall panel.

In order to reduce the erosion of the cathode aluminum liquid on the surface of the cathode carbon block of the electrolytic cell, the convex upper surface of the cathode carbon block surface is coated with a certain thickness of TiB^C composite material, the thickness of which is 5 cm, TiB^C composite The mass content of TiB ₂ in the material is

80%, the rest is artificial graphite powder, the mixture of the two is made of thermosetting resin as binder, and the amount of binder is 15% of the total amount of TiB ₂ and artificial graphite powder. After mixing, it was applied to the upper surface of the bump and then cured at a temperature of 20 CTC. During the start-up of the electrolysis cell, the thermosetting resin is pyrolyzed to form a TiB ₂ /C composite. Example 3

For an electrolytic cell having a cathode carbon block having a convex structure on the surface, a refractory wall plate is disposed on the upper portion of the carbon tamping paste between each two adjacent cathode carbon blocks of the electrolytic cell, and the wall plate is made of high magnesium. Made of density refractory. The wall panels are disposed in a direction parallel to the length direction of the cathode carbon block, and are disposed on the upper portion of the carbon tamping paste between the two cathode carbon blocks, and the upper surface of the wall plates and the protrusions on the surface of the cathode carbon block same height. The refractory wallboard between the two cathode carbon blocks has the function of further blocking the flow rate of the aluminum liquid to reduce the fluctuation of the aluminum liquid, improving the liquid level stability of the electrolytic bath, and reducing the surface abrasion of the cathode carbon block.

The refractory wallboard provided on the upper portion of the adjacent two cathode carbon block carbon tamping pastes has a width of 6 cm and a height of 10 cm. The upper surface of the cathode carbon block on the side of the refractory wallboard has a convex structure (as shown in FIG. 5), the protrusion has a width of 8 cm and a height of 15 cm, and the length is consistent with the length of the wall panel, and the convex cross section is rectangle. Normal production in the electrolytic cell This protrusion prevents the deposit on the cathode carbon block from entering the edge of the refractory wall panel and eroding the wall panel. The cross section of the refractory wallboard is rectangular. In the direction between each two adjacent cathode carbon blocks and in the direction of the length of the cathode carbon block, the number of the refractory wall plates is set to two, and is disposed at the inlet end and the output end of the electrolytic cell. Below, the distance between the two refractory wall panels is 18 cm. The length of each refractory wallboard is the same. The value obtained by dividing the length of the cathode carbon block of the electrolytic cell minus the total length of the discontinuity by the number of wallboards is the length of each wallboard.

In order to reduce the erosion of the cathode aluminum liquid on the surface of the cathode carbon block of the electrolytic cell, the convex upper surface of the surface of the cathode carbon block may be coated with a certain thickness of TiB^C composite material, the thickness of which is 2 cm, TiB^C The content of TiB ₂ in the composite material is 30%, and the rest is artificial graphite powder. The mixture of the two is made of thermosetting resin as binder. The amount of binder is 5% of the total amount of TiB ₂ and artificial graphite powder. . After mixing, it was applied to the upper surface of the bump and then cured at a temperature of 10 CTC. During the start-up of the electrolysis cell, the thermosetting resin is pyrolyzed to form a TiB ₂ /C composite.

Example 4

For an electrolytic cell having a cathode carbon block with a convex structure on the surface, a refractory wall plate is disposed on the upper portion of the carbon tamping paste between each two adjacent cathode carbon blocks of the electrolytic cell, and the wall plate is made of magnesium-aluminum Made of high density refractory. The wall panels are disposed in a direction parallel to the length direction of the cathode carbon block, and are disposed on the upper portion of the carbon tamping paste between the two cathode carbon blocks, the upper surfaces of the wall plates being higher than the cathode carbon block projections surface. The refractory wallboard between the two cathode carbon blocks has the function of further blocking the flow rate of the aluminum liquid to reduce the fluctuation of the aluminum liquid, improving the liquid level stability of the electrolytic bath, and reducing the surface abrasion of the cathode carbon block.

The refractory wallboard provided on the upper portion of the adjacent two cathode carbon block carbon tamping pastes has a width of 8 cm and a height of 16 cm. The upper surface of the cathode carbon block on the side of the refractory wallboard has a convex structure (as shown in FIG. 5), the protrusion has a width of 6 cm and a height of 10 cm, and the length is consistent with the length of the wall panel, and the convex cross section is rectangle. This protrusion prevents the deposit on the cathode carbon block from entering the edge of the refractory wall panel to erode the wall panel during normal production of the electrolytic cell. The refractory wall panel has a rectangular cross section. In the direction between each two adjacent cathode carbon blocks and in the direction of the length of the cathode carbon block, the number of the refractory wall plates is six, and is disposed at the inlet end and the output end of the electrolytic cell. Below, except for the distance between the two refractory wallboards at the lower edge of the anode, the distance between the other wallboards is 12cm, the length of each refractory wallboard is the same, and the length of the cathode carbon block of the electrolytic cell minus the discontinuity. The value obtained by dividing the total length by the number of wall panels is the length of each wall panel.

In order to reduce the erosion of the cathode aluminum liquid on the surface of the cathode carbon block of the electrolytic cell, the convex upper surface of the cathode carbon block surface may be coated with a certain thickness of TiB ₂ /C composite material, the thickness of which is 4 cm, TiB ₂ / C composite in a content of ₁₈₂ mass was 60%, the balance being artificial graphite powder, a mixture of both thermosetting resin as a binder, in percentage by mass of the total binder in an amount of artificial graphite powder and the TiB ₂ 12%. After mixing evenly, apply it on the upper surface of the bump, then at 18CTC It is cured at a temperature. During the start-up of the electrolysis cell, the thermosetting resin is pyrolyzed to form a TiB ₂ /C composite.

Example 5

For an electrolytic cell having a cathode carbon block having a convex structure on the surface, a refractory wall plate is disposed on the upper portion of the carbon tamping paste between each two adjacent cathode carbon blocks of the electrolytic cell, and the wall plate is made of magnesium Made of high density refractory. The wall panels are disposed in a direction parallel to the length direction of the cathode carbon block, and are disposed on the upper portion of the carbon tamping paste between the two cathode carbon blocks, the upper surfaces of the wall plates being higher than the cathode carbon block projections surface. The refractory wallboard between the two cathode carbon blocks has the function of further blocking the flow rate of the aluminum liquid to reduce the fluctuation of the aluminum liquid, improving the liquid level stability of the electrolytic bath, and reducing the surface abrasion of the cathode carbon block.

The refractory wall panel provided on the upper portion of the adjacent two cathode carbon block carbon tamping pastes has a width of 7 cm and a height of 12 cm. The side surface of the refractory wall panel and the upper surface of the cathode carbon block have a convex structure (as shown in FIG. 5), and the protrusion has a width of 4 cm and a height of 6 cm, and the length is consistent with the length of the wall panel, and the convex cross section is rectangle. This protrusion prevents the deposit on the cathode carbon block from entering the edge of the refractory wall panel to erode the wall panel during normal production of the electrolytic cell. The cross section of the refractory wallboard is trapezoidal. In the direction between each two adjacent cathode carbon blocks and in the direction of the length of the cathode carbon block, the number of the refractory wall plates is set to three, and is disposed at the inlet end and the output end of the electrolytic cell. Below, except for the distance between the two refractory wallboards at the lower side of the anode seam is 20cm, the distance between the other wallboards is 20cm, the length of each refractory wallboard is the same, and the length of the cathode carbon block of the electrolytic cell is subtracted from the discontinuity. The value obtained by dividing the total length by the number of wall panels is the length of each wall panel.

In order to reduce the erosion of the cathode aluminum liquid on the surface of the cathode carbon block of the electrolytic cell, the convex upper surface of the surface of the cathode carbon block may be coated with a certain thickness of TiB^C composite material, the thickness of which is 3 cm, TiB^C The content of TiB ₂ in the composite material is 40%, and the rest is artificial graphite powder. The mixture of the two is made of thermosetting resin as the binder. The amount of the binder is 6% of the total amount of TiB ₂ and artificial graphite powder. . After mixing, it was applied to the upper surface of the bump and then cured at a temperature of 17 CTC. During the start-up of the electrolysis cell, the thermosetting resin is pyrolyzed to form a TiB ₂ /C composite.

Claims

Claim

A method for reducing the flow rate of aluminum liquid in an electrolytic cell and reducing the wear of the cathode, characterized in that the electrolytic cell having a cathode carbon block having a convex structure on the surface is between two adjacent cathode carbon blocks of the electrolytic cell The upper part of the refractory wallboard is as high as or higher than the protrusion on the surface of the cathode carbon block; the cathode on the side of the refractory wallboard The shape of the upper surface of the carbon block is flat or has a convex structure. The width of the protrusion is 3 to 8 cm, the height is 2 to 15 cm, the length is the same as the length of the refractory wall panel, and the convex cross section is rectangular.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the flow rate of the aluminum liquid in the electrolytic cell is reduced and the wear of the cathode is slowed down, wherein each of the two adjacent cathode carbon blocks is in a direction consistent with the length of the cathode carbon block. The number of the refractory wallboards is set to 2~8, which are respectively arranged under the anode bottoms of the two rows of anodes of the electrolysis tank and the outlet end. When the number of refractory wallboards is two, between the two refractory wallboards The distance is 10~25cm. When the number of refractory wallboards is 3~8, the distance between the two refractory wallboards except the bottom of the anode is 10~20cm, and the distance between other wallboards is 5~20cm. Each refractory wallboard has the same length, and the refractory wallboard has a width of 6 to 10 cm and a height of 10 to 18 cm.

3. The method of reducing the flow rate of aluminum liquid in an electrolytic cell and slowing down the wear of the cathode according to claim 1, wherein the convex upper surface of the surface of the cathode carbon block is coated with a TiB ₂ /C composite material, and the coating thickness is 2~5cm, TiB ₂ /C composite material has a mass content of TiB ₂ of 30~80%, and the rest is artificial graphite powder. The mixture of the two is made of thermosetting resin as binder, and the amount of binder is TiB by mass percentage. ₂ and 5 to 15% of the total amount of the artificial graphite powder, the TiB ₂ , the artificial graphite powder and the binder are uniformly mixed and applied to the upper surface of the bump, and then cured at a temperature of 100 to 200 °C.

4. A method of reducing the flow rate of aluminum in an electrolytic cell and slowing down the wear of the cathode according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the refractory wallboard is made of silicon carbonitride or magnesium aluminum spinel, or is made of magnesium. Made of high-density refractory, magnesium-aluminum high-density refractory or magnesia-calcium high-density refractory.