WO2011048427A2 - Containerisation module for elongate load - Google Patents

Abstract

A containerisation module (2), for elongate load elements, such pipes conduit or trunking (3, 110), features capture and/or location and/or retention elements (112, 122, 132) for individual load elements (3, 110), set within a bounding and containment frame (114, 115, 116) for groups of stacked elements, with capture and handling fittings (113), such as proprietary twistlocks disposed upon, in relation to, or juxtaposed with elements (3, 110) and/or frames (114, 115, 116) in conformity with containerisation standards for transport and storage; in one format stacked pipe capture collars (112, 122, 132), of round or flat-sided outer profile, sit within the confines of a frame (114, 115, 116) with corner twistlocks (113); but a stackable interlocking collar block or crate format can be self-supporting and itself fitted directly with twistlocks.

Description

Containerisation Module for Elongate Load

This invention relates to the transport and storage of elongate loads, and is particularly, but not exclusively, concerned with pipes, conduit, trunking or other hollow open section elements. Pipes represent a special challenge, not least to preserve pipe integrity, such as section profile and wall surface, vital for utility service pipelines and oil or gas transfer and distribution networks.

Commonly, oil, gas, water, sewage are pumped underground throughout the land through large diameter pipes. Hollow core drilling pipes are another category.

Buildings are constructed on large pipes or piles, up to 80ft (24.39m) long. Before the pipes are installed, they are stored upon factory manufactured in a factory, and then transported by road, rail and sea to destination site, where they are joined together by various means. The cost of joining is expensive and demands that the tube ends are not damaged in a way which might lead to a poor joint and subsequent leakage or weakness. The longer the pipe, the fewer joints saving cost and potential damage. Pipes are commonly moved in bulk with manual handling, small cranes and lifting equipment, and skill. Sometimes the pipes are handled individually, sometimes bundled together, sometimes bound together with frames and cradles. When on road, rail and sea, the pipes must be secured against the accelerations experienced during transport including vehicle cornering, acceleration and braking. Some means to hold the pipes together and to transport and handling devices would be useful.

For many goods, containerisation in a regularised consistent load format, with standardised geometry and secure action of capture and handling fittings, such as twist locks, has been found to answer handling and transport requirements, offering interfaces with cranes, ships, road trailers, rail wagons. Containers are most commonly 20ft and 40ft long. If made larger, their tare weight increases and the payload become limited or even reduced by the ultimately limited strength of handling and transport devices, roads, and rail. Equally important is their cost. Cost can be even more critical if the container equipment stands idle for long periods such as experienced in the petro chemical industry where pipes in storage can lay idle for perhaps 2 or 3 years. The rental rates on containers would become significant should expensive containers lie idle for such periods.

Prior Art

Pipe containerisation presents particular challenges. One approach for small diameter pipes has been proposed in the Applicants so-called 'DOMINO' flat rack with folding end frames fitted with pipe location provision. This is not suitable for large diameter pipes, which could sag under their own weight between end supports. It also ties a pipe load inflexibly to a particular container type. Pipes lashed to a platform of some sort become a dead weight cargo bearing on the platform and thus demand the platform to become massively strong. A dedicated container to carry large long pipes, would need to be top-loaded. Yet open-frame containers are heavy and to be able to take a pipe perhaps as long as 80ft, twice the normal length of a common shipping container, would be massively heavy and unwieldy. Using container technology of today, such an 80ft frame would weigh about 7 to 10 tonnes, and given limitations of handling and transport devices, reduce the payload of a given transport unit to perhaps only 20 tonnes. Similarly, a container say 45ft (13.72m) long, made to carry pipe cargo of typically 44 ft (13.41 m) long, could weigh some 6 tonnes and as a result diminish the payload on road, rail and sea, and in handling.

When stacked upon a rail car, or one upon another, an 80ft container would again need to be massively strong, perhaps impossibly so, to withstand shunting loads experienced on the railways where longitudinal accelerations experienced by the pipes would need to be withstood by the container structure. Additionally, the floor of the transport vehicle, ship, or ground base would need to withstand concentrated or point loads, rather than the more benign uniformly distributed loads. In storage, a great stack height can make the stack unstable. Machines for stacking to great heights are also more expensive than low height stackers, because they need to be more weighty for stability at greater heights. So a low height is desirable.

A light-weight frame, able to carry and protect pipes say as long as 80ft, and interface with wider container handling and transport infrastructure is desirable; as is usability on container ships, with more uniform load distribution to underpinning structure.

Statement of Invention

Some aspects of the invention provide containerised elongate load transport and storage, with standardised span capture and handling fittings, such as twist lock, disposition on bounding and containment frames and/or individual load element, such as pipe, collars, boxes, crates or yokes.

In particular, containerised pipe, conduit, trunking or like elongate load handling apparatus and methodology for transport and storage, variously feature: volumetric conformity with a loadspace envelope or outer confines;

provision of capture and handling fittings at standard spans;

· allowance of load end over-spill where tolerable, such as with rail wagons; compatibility with other container elements, such as platform deck flat racks with optional folding opposite end wall upstands;

The invention provides a containerisation module as set out in the appended claims. Thus a containerisation module (2), for elongate loads (3, 110), such as pipes, conduit or trunking, comprises a capture, location or retention element (112, 122,

132), and/or a bounding or containment element (114, 115, 116) for pipe groups, with capture and handling fittings (13) disposed upon one or more elements, in conformity with containerisation standards for transport and storage.

It is desirable to encapsulate or modularise a stacked pipe group or cluster as a integrated unitary entity. In one aspect of the invention this is achieved by at least a lateral, and preferably a circumferential bounding or containment frame or wrap. This provision may suffice without individual pipe restraint, but an outer lashing (strap or tie cord) wrap may be used to bundle pipes together within frames. In another aspect of the invention, (some, but conveniently all) individual pipes are fitted with respective bounding collars or collar blocks, which themselves interact to form and define a stack. Such collars in represent individual, (pipe-specific), bounding frames, and can interact with, and so supplement, or substitute, in whole or in part, for certain bounding frame elements. Collars could sit within an outer boundary containment and constraint frame. Alternatively, the latter could be configured, a internalised or integrated elements within collars; say as bars, to penetrate collar through-channels and interlock, such as by a rotary detent action, so frame and collars combine into a unitary, internally-braced, rigid assembly.

A plurality of longitudinally-spaced outer bounding containment frames for a pipe group follow a prescribed containerisation format for a payload module. A rectangular frame format, in end elevation, side elevation and plan, is convenient, such as with capture and handling fittings at outer corners. Such frames can be spaced over a long load, with at least two set at containerised standard span, such as 20'. Other intermediate bracing or support frames can be used for extra long or heavy loads to inhibit sag and preserve load integrity or coherence. Frames can be tied longitudinally by additional frame members and/or by setting upon a base frame or platform.

Diagonal cross-bracing ties at the sides can also be fitted between frame uprights and/or a base. Spaced frames, distributed evenly along a load span, are convenient for payload stack formation. Thus an otherwise loose undisciplined, cargo of disparate discrete elongate elements, or a pre-bundled or layered cluster or group, such utility pipeline sections, as can enter a bounding frame confines, which will then determine the outer form and size of a stacked group. Access can be by pipes lowered from above or swung from one side through a movable top or side frame element, and so be restrained thereby. Alternatively, frames could be built around a pre-assembled stack, such as one supported upon staging or trestles. Load elements, such as pipes, can extend beyond the frames which are set at a containerised standard span, remain within overall containerised payload standard confines, except in special circumstances, such as rail carriage. Overall, cargo and frames are held in a regular, disciplined, geometric configuration for compatible interface with other such frames, or diverse mixed loads, for handling, storage and transport, in diverse or mixed modes, including road, rail and shipping or even air freight, whether internal or external sling loads for utility construction or military purposes. A frame could be fitted with aerofoil or spoiler panels for payload stability in aerial lift, such as to remote sites. Multiple frame interaction, such as for directly overlaid or offset mutual stacking and partial internest, is a prime consideration for a compact multiple load stack, particularly where overall height constraints apply such as in railway transit. Load discipline in layers can be promoted by interposed complementary profiled (on one or both sides) layer spacers, such as beams with complementary rounded recesses or indents, in the manner of, say, medieval punishment limb entrapment stocks. A pre-fabricated frame could allow collapse-fold for compact storage when coupled or dismantled. Frame internal profile can interact or interfit with individual pipe capture and location collars, where fitted. A recess, slot, groove or channel with surrounding rim upstand in an internal frame face would help constrain an inserted collar edge, along with any other collars entrained to it.

Embodiments

There now follows a description of some particular embodiments of the invention, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying simplified, and rationalised, diagrammatic and schematic drawings, in which:

Figure 1 shows a 3D perspective view of (un)loading of pipe groups or clusters, one layer at at time, held in an outer bounding or containment frame, upon a flat bed rail wagon Figure 2 shows an exploded 3D perspective view of juxtaposed bounding or containment frame and crane lift spreader frame, along with profiled transverse load spacer beams;

Figure 3 shows a 3D perspective view of a loaded rail wagon with stacked pipes grouped in successive layers and resting upon transverse beams, confined with stacked or tiered bounding and containment frames of 'U' section;

Figure 4 shows a 3D perspective view of a multi-layer pipe stack array upon base load distribution spreaders platform beds, again with pipe groups contained within outer bounding 'U' frames;

Figure 5 shows a 3D perspective view of an over-length load upon spaced rolling road beds;

Figure 6 shows a 3D perspective view of grouped 'U' frames upon a load platform;

Figure 7 shows a 3D perspective view of successive stages in formation of a pipe stack within the outer bounding confines of a support and containment frame of 'U' section; along with the longitudinally offset disposition of groups in successive stack layers for greater internest of load elements and reduced overall payload height;

Figure 8 shows a 3D perspective view of a grouped pipe stack within 'U'-frame confines carried from an overlying crane lift spreader, set upon a platform deck container or flat rack with upstanding end walls;

Figures 9A, 9B and 9C show sectional views of various layered pipe stacks with interposed spacer-separator beam elements; More specifically,

Figure 9A shows a 2x2 pipe stack with transverse beam spacer between upper and lower layers;

Figure 9B shows a two layer, three-in-a-row, layered pipe stack; Figure 9C shows a triple-tier, three-in-a-row, layered pipe stack, within telescopic side frame outboard bounding uprights;

Figure 10 shows a 3D perspective view from one end of a pipe stack within bounding 'U' frame, set within rectangular container confines;

Figure 11 shows a 3D perspective view of a 3x3 pipe stack as a unitary module within 'U' frame confines, coupled to and carried by an overlying spreader frame, with central support cable coupling;

Figure 12 shows a 3D perspective view of dual overlying containerised pipe stacks, with respective 'U' bounding and containment frames set directly overlying one upon another; with an upper assembly set upon a platform deck container and a lower assembly set simply within 'U' frame outer bounding conFines;

Figure 13A, 13B and 13C show a 3D perspective view of stacked pipe grouping of pipes with individual mounting and locating collars, set within and interacting with, various bounding frame confines;

More specifically, Figure 13A shows a pipe group of two stacked layers or tiers, each of three pipes in a row, with marginal spacing by virtue of individual pipe collars 113, in this case of hexagonal outer profile, held captive in a partially assembled bounding and containment frame, between an underlying bearer beam 114 and an overlying upper header 116; with some interaction and interfit between collar outer flat faces and frame inner faces; pipes 110 are set directly one upon another, rather than somewhat mutually offset and internested, albeit that would offer a more compact or at least shallower depth overall load, as reflected in Figure 13C;

Figure 13B shows a variant of Figure 13A with two stacked layers, each of two pipes 110, with respective individual collars 112 set within a complete circumferential bounding and containment frame, of opposed uprights 115 between bearer beam 114 and header 11 116, with containerised standard capture and handling fittings, such as twistlocks, at frame corner junctions; these allow frame stacking and lift with standard crane spreaders, harnesses or slings (not shown) ; Figure 13C shows an internested pipe 110 variant of Figures 13A and 13B; in this instance with only lateral confinement between opposed frame uprights 115, but again with box corner end fittings 113, such as for twist lock engagement, for containerised capture and handling; a split collar 112 format is also apparent, with a vertically orientated split separation line between complementary interfitting lateral collar portions with releasable ties 117 between ends;

Figures 14A, 14B and 14C show a 3D perspective view of stacked pipe groups with individual pipe capture and location within rectangular, in particular square, collar blocks; More specifically,

Figure 14A shows a deeper, three-layer or row, by two in a row, stacked pipe format, between opposed outer bounding and containment frame uprights 115 set upon outboard ends of an underlying bearer beam 114; a square outer profile collar 122 is used, as is more apparent from the loose collars shown at the top of the drawing; this to sit snugly in close conformity with the frame;

Figure 14B shows the stacked pipe group of Figure 14A closed by a header 116; a marginal gap is apparent between collars and side frames 115, albeit with abutment at upper and lower frames 116, 114, but this reflects a pipe group whose cumulative assembled cross-section is less than, and so does not completely fill, the inner capacity of the bounding and containment frame, albeit with insufficient space for more of the same diameter pipe, although in principle a smaller pipe might be accommodated with other fixtures and fittings adapted accordingly;

Figure 14C shows a shallower, wider three-in-a-row, but shallower two layer or tier stacked pipe group than Figures 14A and 14B; with rectangular outer profile collars 122, set in mutual abutment between a bear bear 114 and header beam 15, but still with containerised capture and handling fittings 113 at outboard corners, so the pipe group or cluster represents an integrated load entity or module for handling and stacking with outer containerised loads using standard crane lift and like facilities;

Figure 15 shows a 3D perspective view of stacked pipes grouped upon flat bed rail wagons 138 intercoupled in tandem and running on spaced bogies 139; with individual pipes 110 captured and located by round, specifically circular, profiled-edge collars 132, themselves fitted within grooves or channels 119 in 'U' frame uprights 115 and with circumferential grooves 133 between rim edge upstands 134 for lashing wrap straps or cable ties 127; Figure 16 shows a 3D perspective view of stacked pipe location and retention collars 112 of polygonal flat-sided, specifically hexagonal outer form, with mutual internest between layers through lateral offset of respective pipes 110 in successive layers; a profiled collar periphery features a recess, groove or slot 125 between bounding edge rims 126 for mutual interfit one with another and also to accommodate an optional lashing wrap tie cord (not shown); with a bottom row of collars 112 resting, within a slot or channel 121 , upon a transverse bearer beam 114, which itself could be part of a 'U' shaped outer bounding and containment frame;

Figure 17 shows a 3D perspective view of a stacked split-ring style collar 133 array, set within an internal recess or groove of channel 137 in a deeper or wider 'U' shaped outer bounding and containment frame 139, with paired twist lock capture and handling fittings 113 at bottom corner and top upstand edges; each collar 133 has a circumferential groove or slot 133 with bounding rim upstands, and a screw clamp joint fastener 138 at a split circumferential junction, in the manner of a hose clamp; Figures 18A, 18B and 18C show stackable box crate or carton format split-yoke collars 142, with provision for mutual interlock and installation of of twist lock capture and handling fittings, to allow treatment of a stack assembly as an integrated or unified entity and similarly for any pipe payload carried thereby; a transverse row of collar crates with a horizontal split and serve as a pipe payload spacer layer or former separator; the orientation of the yoke split and attendant separation is depicted variously upright or vertical and transverse or horizontal, but in principle could be diagonal at 45 degrees or indeed any other angular orientation; similarly a mixed orientation could be adopted throughout a stack;

More specifically ... Figure 18A shows a three row by three column stacked array of rectangular (in this case generally square-section) split-circumference collar blocks 142 in mutual abutment, and with box corner fittings 113, such as for twistlocks, as part of containerised capture and handling; a vertical split is depicted for each collar block 142, with spits aligned vertically; Figure 18B shows a variant of Figure 18A with collar block circumferential split orientated transversely or horizontally in rows; mutual ties 147 are provided for vertical intercouple between blocks and mutual ties 149 for transverse or horizontal intercouple between collar blocks 142; these ties 147, 149 could be continuous bars permeating through channels penetrating the entire stack assembly and emergent with locating heads at the stack outer boundary edges; the vertical such bars linked co-operatively with or a contiguous part of the containerisation capture and handling fittings, such as twist locks;

Figure 18C shows a spit row of juxtaposed collar blocks 142 separated to serve as an integrated or unitary, intermediate profiled row spacer element; Figures 19A and 19B show an asymmetric circumferential split segmented box crate collar or yoke 152, with complementary edge profiled segment mutual interft and optional interlock of yoke segments 154, 156 through edge projections 157 and complementary edge recesses 159; such an internally tied and braced box collar stack can also intercouple with an outer bounding containment frame element, such as an underlying bridge beam or support bolster 114;

More specifically ...

Figure 19A shows a two column by two row stacked block collar or yoke 152 array with mid-set edge indexing and optional coupling projections 157 and complementary profile recesses or indents 159; a pivot or hinge (not shown) could be used at an inboard joint between block collar segments 154, 157, to allow one segment to be swung away from the other for individual pipe load insertion or removal access; a latch or lock, such as a slide (not shown) could be used to secure the closure edge abutment; the block inner aperture is depicted generally centrally, but could be offset to one side or one corner; blocks could slide adjustably and demountably upon inboard longitudinal edges of bounding containment frame elements; multiple, differently shaped and sized whole or part-apertures or profiles (not shown) could be incorporated in a block for selection according to individual pipe load; individual block longitudinal depth could be greater than that shown, more in the manner of a carton or crate for greater individual and collective stacked stability or topple-resistance; different depth blocks could be grouped, say with deeper outer bounding blocks interacting with correspondingly deeper bounding frame elements; intermediate frame elements, such as bracing bars (not shown), could be interposed between, or penetrate through, a stacked block array; a development or extrapolation of the ties147, 149 of Figures 18A and 18B could be extended throughout a stacked matrix array, say to span between opposite sides;

Figure 19B shows a formative row of juxtaposed block collars upon a transverse underlying support bolster beam 114 (which itself could fit between bounding 'U' frame uprights at opposite ends), with mutual edge interfit and optional interlock; blocks 152 could be pre-assembled ready for loading or added or removed after a block stack formation to allow payload change, including sub-division and fragmentation; again, demountable capture and handling fittings such as twist locks could be installed at positions consistent with containerisation standard spans, so an block assembly with attendant entrained pipe payload also conforms to that standard for either uniform or intermixed load transport and storage capability;

One constraint for containerised standard is overall load envelope. A stacked pipe payload proportions risks could extending longitudinally beyond that, but might be tolerable for rail shipment as illustrated in various drawings. Even then a consistent aligned end span is desirable. Location and support collars could play a part in that, by fitment at an even distance from pipe ends, consistent with a standard span spacing until the next collar, with equalised end overhang. If the collars or held in a containment frame of the invention, those frame could be pre-set at a standard span. Otherwise, if collars are fitted into such frames only after pipe loading, the collar spacing would be at a standard span, so the frames are also set at that. The payload weight would then be applied evenly between collars so a suspended load would be in balance. A stacked pipe assembly to that disciplined agenda could itself constitute a coherent independent payload or one to be laid upon a platform deck container or flat rack.

Aside from containerisation considerations, a collar whether configured as a shallow or slender band or a deep box or crate, could serve for individual pipe handling, as it represents a pre-secured capture band or block, potentially more readily grasped than a smooth bore pipe wall. A split circumferential yoke format for a collar facilitates fitment from one side, without laborious threading or insertion from one end. The spacer or separator role of a collar might also be useful in pipe joining and installation. Thus, say, pipe sections with collars pre-fitted might be juxtaposed, with their respective collars resting upon the ground or local trestles or bearer pads, to present pipe ends for jointing, such as by flange bolting or circumferential seam welding. Similarly, a pre-joined stretch of pipe could rest upon spaced collar ground supports, say with bearer pads. Collars might also feature in permanent installations. This applies to pipes buried in trenches. In that regard, collars could thus have an elevated support trestle role.

Once fitted, a flat-sided collar outer profile could help inhibit a pipe from inadvertent rolling. Similarly, but to a lesser extent for a polygonal outer collar profile, which might serve for stable pipe rolling through a series of indexed positions determined by collar faces. This could be useful for jostling or manhandling pipes into position or re- arranging pipes in layered storage. Handling or lifting bars or stakes (not shown) might be inserted into apertures in the collar body for maneuvering, say rotating, pushing or pulling, or staking in position. Thus, for example, a pair of splayed struts, inserted in diagonal apertures set at opposite bottom corners of a collar block, could serve as a mounting stand or trestle to elevate a pipe section above ground at a convenient working height.

Collars could have or carry additional ancillary features (not shown) for installation, maintenance, repair and operational services. Sensor instrumentation and tracker devices could be carried in or upon collars.

Referring to the drawings, where feasible common or related references are used for corresponding parts. Some simplification has been necessary for ease and clarity of illustration, using a 3D computer modeling program to convey the form of principal elements, if not every intricate detail, which would be a matter of routine engineering practice. Figures 1 through 12 reflect pipe 3 grouping within 'U' frames 5, 6, 7 with intermediate lashing or wrap straps 13 and transverse bearer beams 4. Figures 13 A through 19B reflect adoption of individual pipe collars 112 122, either independently or in conjunction with bounding and containment frames 114, 115, 116, with optional complementary mutual interface interaction or intercouple. A prime collar format is a self-stacking block or crate, with mutual location and interfit;. An outer bounding or containment frame then becomes an optional. Whilst a frame is convenient for corner mounting of capture and handling fittings, these can mount directly upon the outermost stacking collars and variants can be used for collar intercouple. A mix of collars and frames can be assembled; provided capture and handling fittings on either or both are disposed in conformity with containerisation standards, particularly in relation to handling spans, such as to allow interface with overhead crane lift spreader frames. For shipping, frames may also interact with vessel hold cell guides. Overall, a modular containerised payload format is achieved for stacked pipe groups. Figure 1 shows a flat bed rail freight wagon 1 surmounted by a pipe module 2 payload. The module 2 comprises a layered or stacked group or cluster (in this case three pipes set alongside one another in a row, as a load layer) of individual pipes 3 resting upon a series of longitudinally-spaced transverse support beams or bolsters 4 and also within the bounding confines and underlying support of two longitudinally spaced 'U' shaped frames 5, with transversely spaced uprights on opposite sides and an intervening base frame. The frames 5, shown in more detail in Figure 2, comprise an upright post 6 at each side and an underlying base 7. The depth D of the base 7 and that of the beams 4 are ideally made substantially the same, so that when loaded with pipes 3 and placed on the flat bed 8 of a wagon 1 (or a platform container base, bulk hatch of a ship or other surface including the ground) the pipes 3 are supported evenly along their length, by both the beams and the bases. The pipes 3, frame 5, beams 4 are lashed securely together with circumferential wrap lashings 13, straps or ties, such as polyester webbing and tensioning ratchets. Beams 4 can be fitted with winches or lashing rings 47. A container lifting spreader 10 is depicted hung from a reach stacker partly depicted as simplified boom 11 . At each corner of the spreader 10 is a downward-facing conically shaped twist lock 16 (not shown here because it is engaged and locked into the side frames 5' of module 2' and lifted a height above the rail wagon 1 ). Behind the stacker boom 11 is shown a stack of modules 2 stacked up on upon another and resting on the ground through weight spreading or distribution platforms 12.

Figure 2 also shows enlarged details of the top of each side post 6 of frame 5; there being a box 9 of the known technology of corner fittings and twistlocks used in existing shipping containers and comprising a cast steel hollow rectangular box with elongate apertures 14, 15 formed in the sides and top, through which known handling devices such as twistlocks 16 of spreader 10 can enter, twist and lock. Additional boxes 19 and 18 can be provided for engaging with other frames, transport and handling equipment. It is envisaged that the top elongate apertures 15 be elongated further than needed, by for example some 4 inches, so that should the posts 5 become disoriented relative to each other by up to 4 inches and the normal rectangular plan profile common to ISO series freight containers be distorted, then twistlocks 16 of spreaders 10 could still find the slots 15 for picking up the load.

Slots or channels 17 are formed in the frame base and posts 6 to enable known racking cradles 26, timbers and shoring devices and materials to support and hold the pipes 3 in position. The cradles 26 or other cross beams used to hold the posts 6 from spreading under side ways load might be fitted with end plates 70, which key into slots 71 shown in detail on post 6' to hold the posts 6 from spreading under load. Additional winches and straps, or known clamps jacks or screws can be employed to urge the cradles 26 into place and to pull the cradles down onto the pipes and secure them so.

The configuration, in particular height and width, of the frame 5 can be made to suit the pipes to be carried. These can be fixed structures tailored to the known use and sizes, or made so that posts 6 are telescopic with sliding joint 41 , upper element penetrating down into the lower part of the post 42, and locked for lifting and stacking at pin 43. Similarly, base 7 might be telescopic at joint 44, with one side able to slide inside the other at 45 and locked in one of several locations at pin 46.

If the frames 5 are to be stacked one upon another, twistlocks can be used to lock one frame to another through the boxes 9 and 19 and twist lock devices 20 can be built into the posts 6 to slide up through the boxes 9 and engage with other boxes 19 when stacked on top. If a crane operating the spreader 10 is strong enough, it can lift two or more modules 5 at a time when so engaged through the frames 5.

Figure 3 depicts stacking of one module 2 upon another 2' and 2" upon a rail wagon 1 , it can be advantageous to stack not directly through the frames 5, 5' and 5", but to allow the pipes 3 to bear one upon another through beams 4 and bases 7 and thus down through lower pipes 3" until supported by the bed 8 of the wagon 1 . In this view, twistlocks 21 are shown fitted to the wagon and are typically positioned at various locations along the wagon 1 , to interface and interlock shipping containers to the wagon for safe and secure transport. Thus the frames 5 "on the lower tier might be so locked via twistlocks 21 to the wagon 1 .

This can be particularly useful in stabilizing individual frames 5" when loading pipes 3" one at a time onto the rail wagon 1 . The side posts 6 then have a further role in stopping the pipes 3 from falling off the wagon before the pipes have been lashed in place and an ongoing role in shaping the pipe stack outer form. Upper tiers or layers can have the frames 5' lashed to a lower tier, before loading the next layer of pipes.

On most rail routes, there are limits as to the height of the cargo placed on the wagon. In that regard, Figure 3" depicts the frames 5, 5' and 5" laterally offset somewhat, rather than stacked directly one upon another, to allow direct load conformal interfit or internest, i.e. the lower profile of an upper load layer internests with the upper layer profile f an underlying load, so that the overall stack height for three modules 2, 2' and 2 is lower than would otherwise be the case. Furthermore in this arrangement, should the loaded wagon encounter a longitudinal shunting load, the pipes 3, 3' and 3" are lashed directly to the wagon by known typical lashing and webbing straps 22 and winches 23 fixed to the wagon. This is a known method of securing pipes to rail wagons. So in this manner, the frames 5, 5' and particularly the lower frame 5" are saved from having to withstand the shunting load of the modules 2' and 2 above, yet make themselves available for top lifting modules of heavy pipes.

Rail wagons of length 80ft to 90ft can take payloads of more than 60 tons, sometimes almost double this. But such immense loads must be uniformly distributed along the base of the wagon. Thus the payload for a three or even six tier or layer module must not only be distributed and supported, such as shown through beams and bases of the frames, but also kept to minimal height, such as by stacking directly one module upon another, bypassing the frame heights. The overall load height over and above rail wagon platform running height, reflects individual pipe diameter, and the number of layers to a stack. This can prove more of a constraint for larger diameter pipes.

Once at a rail head or intermodal transfer station, where the modules are to be unloaded from the train, a facility to lift more than 25 tons at a time adds considerably to the cost and size of not just to the handling machine, but also the ground preparation. If 45 tons were to be lifted in one module, consideration must be given to the enormous cost of the ground needed to support the axle load of the reach stacker. Likewise once the modules are placed on the ground even a 20 ton module could sink into the, ground and become contaminated by soil. So special ground preparation might be needed in the form of concrete. But such ground preparations might only be needed for temporary storage of pipes, because once a pipeline is laid, the storage space is redundant, leaving a substantial environmental disturbed site.

In order to address this, Figure 4 shows a storage arena of juxtaposed platforms 12 in edge-to-edge abutment placed upon ground which has been cleared of top soil and graded to be flat. Each platform 12 comprises a rectangular steel frame 23, typically 40ft long and 8ft wide to match ISO shipping container standards, and at each corner there are corner fittings 9, 19 to enable the platforms to be transported via container infrastructure. The fittings 9, 19 also enable the platforms to be interlocked to each other, using known twistlocks, and thus several interlocked platforms can form a continuous base. The platforms feature floors 24 in steel sheet, supported upon an underlying ladder frame structure. In the cavity under the floor air and water tight flotation chambers can be formed using for example polystyrene, or plastic bottles or closed steel tubes. Such sized platforms, some 2ft deep, will each support a load on water alone or 18 tons and on firm ground several times this. Thus 10 platforms of this size can support in excess of 200 tons of modules 5 keeping them clear of dirt contamination, taking up minimal space, making them available for onward transport. On completion of the pipe laying project, the platforms may be easily relocated, the soil replaced and the land restored to its original natural state.

Figure 5 depicts a further use of the frames 5. Here additional frames 5"' have been added to the front and rear of a module 2. A bogie 24 having multiple steering wheels and fitted with twistlocks 21 is interlocked with the frames 5"' and frames 5 via fittings 19 to the front and rear of the module 2 to form a single towing trailer. As such it can be towed over roads with a road tractor, and once at the field, towed by a tracked crawler vehicles adapted for rough terrain. Once the frames 5 are unloaded and needed back at the factory to be reloaded with pipes, several of them (such as 16 as shown in Figure 6) can be locked together using known interlocks through aperture plates 25 to form a shipping module 26, and thus attached via twistlocks 21 to a rail wagon 1 or other transport. Top handling is again facilitated by top fittings 9. Alternatively the empty frames can be loaded into or onto other shipping containers.

Another aspect of the present invention, concerns load fragmentation and modularity. If required, base platforms 12 can be fitted with any number of stanchions or posts so that pipes 3 can be stowed flexibly within the confines of the stanchions, without need of module 2 or frame 5 combinations.

In another embodiment, Figure 7 shows a flatrack 31 and others of the same construction 32, 33, comprising lattice space frames 35 having upstanding posts 36 with boxes 9, 19, and a base 37 similar to that for frames 5. However, in this arrangement, the frames 35 are interconnected by rails 40, spanned by cross-beams 34. The top surfaces of beams 34 and base 37 preferably lie in a single horizontal plane for the support of pipes 3. Where the pipes 3 project beyond the frames 35, the pipes 3 are bound by beams 4 and lashings 13. When one laden flatrack 33 is placed upon another flatrack 32, but offset so that posts 36 and 36' do not stack directly one upon another, the cargo load of pipes 3' bears through beams 34, base 39 and beams 4' onto pipes 3. The posts 36 pass by the side of the rails 40' through recesses 48^* cut into the ends of the rails 40, 40' of the frames 35, 35' etc.

Alternatively, flatrack 33' might be stacked directly to flatrack 32, so that the posts 36 line up and boxes 19 and 9 can be connected to each other if so desired using twistlocks.

Further bracing of the frames 35 might be achieved by diagonal ties or stays (not shown) either rigid or flexible between fittings 9 and 19.

Figure 8 shows a module 2 being lowered onto the base 50 of a known flatrack or platform base with upstanding (and optionally in-folding for collapse) container 51 . The flatrack envisaged here is say, some 40ft or 45ft long and has the advantage of being able to be carried on many a container cellular vessel. As a standardized and common piece of equipment, the flatrack can be used to carry the modules 2 of stacked pipe groups constrained as an integrated entity, direct from pipe

manufacturer, by road, rail and sea, to destination.

The flatrack has end walls 52 which are typically collapsible for economical transport, storage and handling. Its tare weight is typically more than 6 tonnes. The base of the flatrack 52 has been fitted with twistlocks 53, so that when the module 2 is lowered onto the platform base 53, it can there be locked for transport. Alternatively, the twistlocks might be formed as part of the frames 5 or supplied as known loose items. Alternatively, frames 5 could be clamped, pinned, welded or lashed to the base 51 by other known means. In order too spread the load on the base, beams 4 are lashed to the module.

Once locked to the base, and assuming that the frames 5 are set at say the 20ft container location and the flatrack is perhaps 45ft long, the stacked pipe module might be lifted via a spreader, such as 10, via the frames 5 and their fittings 9; but in this example lifting the whole flatrack 51 at the same time. This has distinct advantages where there are no large 45ft long spreaders available in remote locations, but simply the more common 20ft spreader. A further upper module might be loaded (not shown) if there is space above, either frame 5 directly superimposed upon another frame 5 or offset as described in Figure 3 to lower the load height and spread the load uniformly. For longitudinal restraint, webbing lashings in vertical and/or diagonal orientation between upper module and the base 51 would be applied. When it is desired to put the module 2 into long term storage, it is lifted off the flatrack 51 and placed in a storage depot. The expensive and indeed heavy flatrack can then be taken back to base to bring in more pipe modules and cargo.

It is envisaged that flatracks 51 might be fitted with folding, or permanent, or removable frames 5 to be transported at will with the flatrack 51 the pipes and/or cargo having been removed. The frames where folding are envisaged as folding down below the floor level of the base 50 so that project cargo can be placed on the floor 66 without inhibition of the frames. The base 7 of the frame 5 could be located below floor 66 at least when folded a suitable recess in the floor being formed for it. Thus one aspect of the invention provides a flatrack with integrated folding intermediate frames for modular pipe loads.

Figure 9A shows some issues encountered with larger pipe diameters. A stack of four pipes 54 are to fit within the confines of posts 6 and in the same sort of position is needed support stools 56. This can be resolved by a arrangement of Figure 9B, wherein base 7 is made telescopic, so that one, say left, side 7' can be withdrawn from the other, say right, side 7", in order to make space for six large diameter pipes 54, set in two layers of three in a row, side-by-side. If weight and handling permit, another three pipes 54 can be stacked in a row on top as depicted in Figure 9C. This is achieved by telescoping the posts 6 upwards and locking them in position by known means. Note that in one embodiment bottom fittings 19 are retained by an inner beam 67, so as to mate with known handling and transport devices. However, top fittings 9' have no such facility and re-locate sideways with the posts 6. In this case a spreader would be employed of wider format to mate with re-located fittings 9'. Alternatively, slings can be used to crane lift frames 5 via bottom fittings 19.

In another embodiment of Figure 10 there is envisaged a known open-top container of sufficient length to receive the pipes. This is shown in end elevation or section in Figure 10. The open top 60 has walls 61 with strong top side rails 63 and base 62. There is no roof, although typically open-top containers have a removable tarpaulin sheet forming a watertight roof not shown. The pipes 64 spaced by cradles 26. The open top has the advantage of keeping the pipes secure from weather and impact damage. Loading the pipes individually one by one in such a cramped space is dangerous and difficult, aside the problem of lashing. So to overcome the problem, a module 2 with frames 5 can be lowered by crane 65 into the open top, and in this embodiment locked to the top side rails 63 by some known means to secure the cargo of pipes within the open top.

If the frames 5 are placed at the very end of the pipes, then a bulkhead or end wall can be provided to help protect and retain the pipes.

It is envisaged that pipes of any size or length or diameter can be so carried. Other cargo such as timber planks, logs, I beams, rolled section, extrusions all of a fully or part self -supporting inherent structure can be carried using frames 5 or similar adapted to suit the cargo to be transported, stored or handled. In another embodiment of Figure 11 , a frame 5 is set up to carry cargo, for example pipes 2. Frames 5 are locked to a top frame 70 for added strength. At the centre of the frame 70 is a through hole 71 formed in the frame structure. When it is desired to engage with the frame 20 rapidly, as required when lifting pipe cargo from a supply vessel to an oil rig in the offshore oil industry, a conical lifting device 72 can be lowered from the oil rig by crane and the cone enter the hole. Once inside the hole, the cone is operated having unseen bolts or catches, which when operated by electrical motor or hydraulic or spring operated device, lock to the frame, enabling the crane to lift the frame 70, frames 5 and pipes 2.

Figure 12 shows another embodiment in which a crane 80 is depicted lifting a spreader 81 engaged with the top fittings of frames 5 lifting pipes 2 and notably a flatrack 82 through twistlocks 83 into base 84 of the flatrack. This the whole unitary lifting comprises the flatrack, as well as the frames and pipes, is achieved by the frames being locked to the base of the flatrack.

Furthermore, when lowered onto a set of frames 5', the flatrack can be supported at reinforcements 85, including known geometry aperture plates and twistlocks (not shown) for storage and stacking purposes.

Aside from the Figures 1 through 12 embodiments, other aspects of the invention, explored in Figures 13A through 19B, variously embrace:

individual pipe element capture and restraint

pipe grouping or cluster with interaction of individual pipe restraints interaction of pipe group with a support frame,

such as one configured for containerisation.

Individual pipe restraints variants include:

profiled spacer, former, cradle or yoke;

split circumference collar with joint tie, such as circular jubilee clip style stackable box collar, crate or carton; A split, segmented, or multi-part part-circumferential yoke, collar, band, tie or wrap 112, 122, 132 is convenient for fitment at or near pipe ends for transport and storage. The separation split or splits 124 may be orientated diametral or radial, as an 'intervention space' between interfitting parts. Whilst a slim collar format is economical of material, wider or deeper forms may be employed for their greater inherent lateral stability; i.e. they can stand upright independently, without wobble, rocking or propping. In any event, a round or polygonal outer profile may be adopted. The latter allows for closer and yet varied mutual internesting and stacking with other such collars in a stacked pipe group. Collars can interact, such as through complementary mutual interfit or (say, recessed) fasteners. A split ring or so-called 'jubilee clip' format could suit, with a clamping screw at one point on the perimeter used for interaction with a corresponding part of other such clips.

Collar disposition could be spread or distributed over a pipe length or span. Collars could be grouped before or after installation, say slid along pipes, for wider local purchase. Lateral collar interlock, such as be a rotational projecting dog and circumferential slot interfit, would assist this.

Fold-out collar arms could collectively with those of other collars form transverse beams or bolsters for intermediate stack support and stabilization.

An outer circumferential peripheral recess or groove, with bounding rim upstands, could be used for location such as between collars and collar to support frame interaction.

The greater surface contact area of a wider or deeper collar is advantageous in increasing grip or 'purchase' for a given coefficient of surface friction and clamping load. The latter should not be excessive to avoid risk of crushing or surface scuffing. A corresponding benefit would arise for a (say, tacky) surface contact adhesive. A coated intermediate intervention carrier sleeve, such as of fabric, plastics, paper or card, might be used for temporary bonding.

Outer collar profile could be rectilinear , say polygonal (octagonal, hexagonal, pentagonal being prime examples) or rectangular, or curved, say circular, or oval to determine mutual interfit or internest options for individual pipes in a pipe stack. A split in collar for clamping at the split can serve as a useful local location or index for relative pipe orientation in a stack.

Pipe 110 grouping, stacking, bounding and support is in a format dictated by or compatible with containerisation. So standardized spans are adopted between stacking or lifting points on a frame or cradle 114, 115, 116 or upon pipe collars 112. The standard span between capture and handling fittings 113, such as twistlocks, for containerisation could be considerable shorter than the overall pipe 110 length, so would be set at an intermediate or mid-point for even outboard overhang of opposite pipe ends. Standardised so-called 'twist lock' 113 capture at upper and lower ends of bounding U-frame uprights 115 is convenient for containerisation. It could also be applied between collars 112 and containment frames 114, 115, 116 and/or between collars 112 themselves. Spacing between frames 114, 115, 116 can be set and fixed by pipe clamping and/or fitment of frame uprights upon a base frame or platform ^***. A crane lift spreader frame ^*** or sling could then be used to carry the U-frame 'bounding containment' assembly and projecting pipe payload 110 from each end. The pipes 110 individually and collectively are capable of absorbing the attendant bending loads, but additional intermediate frames could be inserted for greater overall stiffness and rigidity. Similarly, diagonal bracing (not shown) could be fitted between frame uprights and/or base, with optional additional struts or ties.

Standardized containerisation twistlocks 113 could permeate the load assembly, such as between individual pipe collars 112 to create consolidate groups, between collars 112 and bounding frames 114, 115, 116 to tie groups to a support frame or cradle and from that frame 114, 115, 116 to be available for external lift and stacking. The format means that pipe loads can be mixed with diverse other loads or mixed dimension pipe loads.

A bounding frame 114, 115, 116 could present bounding constraint 'discipline' to a bundled pipe stack within its internal embrace or confines and a movable top header 116 could be used to clamp down on the stack, by say fitting screw jacks between header beam and upper ends of frame uprights. Lateral frame clamping could also be achieved by mounting the base of outerframe uprights 115 upon slide travelers; again with screw jack clamps at opposite ends. Cushion buffer pads or linings could be interposed between bounding frame internal face and external pipe surfaces to avoid scuffing or scratching and distribute contact loads over a wider surface area.

For a predetermined pipe stacking order, a prefabricated multi-channel, matrix of grid yoke might be contrived, for threading from one end along and over all pipes 110 in the stack in one installation stroke, say facilitated by holding the pipes 110 at appropriate positions by temporary spacer supports. Individual pipe capture can be mutually offset or staggered longitudinally, to allow closer and denser packing internest. Juxtaposed mutually offset collars 112 could be intercoupled through their respective side faces in abutment or marginally-spaced, such as be a through cotter pin or bolt.

Provision could be made for adjusting or re-ordering the stack layers and allowing individual pipe release for off-loading. Conversely, for individual pipe loading for incremental stack build. To that end, a quick-release over-arm latch could be employed between end jaws of a split pipe clamp. A juxtaposed row of split-format collars could serve as, or be suspended from, a common transverse beam, spanning between support frame bounding uprights on opposite sides. A rectangular outer collar profile, ad depicted in Figures 14A though 14C, lends itself to co-operative interfit within a rectangular outer bounding and support frame 114, 115, 116. Thus, say, stacked layered rows of collars 112 in abutment could fill the span between outboard support and containment cradle frame uprights and be held captive by a surmounted bridge beam or bolster 116 locked to the upper ends of the outer frame uprights 115. The collars 112 could be intercoupled for security and/or to the frame or substitute for some frame elements 114, 115, 116.

Outer edges of rectangular collars 112 could locate and slide in complementary profiled grooves or channels in inside faces of bounding frame members 114, 115, 116 .

Polygonal, say hexagonal or octagonal, outer profile collars 112, as depicted in Figures 13A through 13C, can nestle snugly with their respective diagonal corner side faces in mutual abutment in a compact stacking array. Pipes 110 of an overlaying pipe layer can sit in between pipes 110 of an underlying layer on each side. Again collar 112 sides can be aligned and orientated to rest alongside or sit upon and be tied to bounding frames 114, 115, 116. Collars 112 can vary in dimensions and proportions. An example would be a slender, wide span, split-circumference tension band, with a screw-pull clamp between otherwise free ends, in the manner of, say, a hose clip.

Figures 13A through 13C shows polygonal segmented outer profile collars 112 fitted to various multi-layer pipe stacking arrangements confined or contained within bounding frame 114, 115, 116 installations. Flat outer segment lands present stable surfaces for abutment with the corresponding surfaces of other such collars 112 when stacked and help dictate and preserve stacking order and stack discipline, particularly as the layers spread and the stack height builds with the weight of overlying pipes 110 and collars upon underlying pipes and collars. The frames 114, 115, 116 can be dismantled, in particular the top closure frame removed or swung open about one end, for access.

Figures 1 through 12 use flexible wrap and tie down straps to bundle pipes between support and bracing frames set at standard containerisation handling span, such as of 20' (^**mm). These straps require considerable tension to secure a pipe stack, with attendant risk of distorting, even crushing, or abrading or scuffing the pipe surface. Even so the pipes can slip under vibration in transit and sudden acceleration or braking. The collars or Figures 13 onwards represent a more rigid, secure and stable alternative to straps, since pipes are gripped individually, rather than only collectively. Similarly with longitudinally extended collars, crates or plinths. Figure ^** shows a deep collar, box or plinth solution, with indexing between blocks and any bounding frame members, in particular a transverse header beam, fitted as a top clamping bar with co-operative opposite end locking tie with the upper ends of side frame uprights. Such box collars could be fabricated, cast or moulded, even in synthetic plastics materials. The latter would present a more compliant surface-to-surface interface with otherwise vulnerable pipe surfaces. Pipe profile could itself be adapted for capture and handling, such as by integrated protrusions or recesses or local dimpled indentations (not shown) in the pipe wall thickness, or waisting or necking in the pipe profile. For pipes with end jointing flanges, longitudinal restraint is more readily achievable by addressing these. The contact area between collar and pipe determines the grip for a given clamping force. Similarly for local adhesive and/or cushion patches between collar and pipe. Patches could be held captive in situ by straps or ties. As a substitute for or to supplement patches, the aforementioned local pipe protrusions or indents could serve. A simple 'dab' of 'dot' of weld could suffice to allow considerable grip. A general assumption is of round, specifically circular, pipe but other outer sections, such as achievable with extruded or fabricated forms, are more readily secured with complementary profile collars.

For conformity with containerisation standard overall load confines, and constraints on load height such as are especially critical for railway wagons, pipe pack density is a consideration. This in turn impacts upon the choice of collar solution. The criticality of packing density will be a function of pipe diameter. Collar fitment or pipe loading into collars is another consideration. Each pipe size will likely require a bespoke split collar capture fitting ; conveniently a split collar with split orientation chosen for failsafe load safety; for which purpose a transverse or horizontal split is desirable so a lower collar portion serves as a saddle with opposite side bounding upstands.

A mixed pipe solution could be contrived by having rounded cut-outs at each collar block corner, which when the blocks are stacked collectively creates a smaller diameter opening than the main individual block opening. Otherwise, it would be convenient if collars could be installed from the side; such as through the split opened up on one side and a pivot or slack link on the opposite side; this rather than laborious threading from one end . Figure ** illustrates an example of collar (open- close) jaw installation and tightening, with an over-centre latch at the pipe split to secure a collar upon a pipe. Alternative clamping options, such as a screw-clamp, twist lock or like solution might be used. A rectangular outer collar or yoke format creates an orderly, self-sustaining stack; particularly with intercouple between adjacent collars; such as with a toy plastic brick style projecting detent and complementary recesses between side faces. This is more readily achieved than with flat-sided , than a round profile. Either format can use an outer tension wrap strap or cable, such as located in a recess or groove in mutually aligned outer faces. A outer bounding support and containment frame could then be an option, fitted around after the collar stack has formed , and with its upright top and bottom ends a convenient location for twist lock fitment. Collars could be slid together along pipes, to create a wider capture band group; again with optional collar profile intercouple. Collars might have fold-out stub arms to serve collectively as transverse beams, as intermediate span pipe support to obviate separate bolster beams at bottom of stack. Collars could be packed snugly together alongside in rows on pipes for storage until required. Between primary load supports such as bounding frames at standard containerisation span, intermediate collars could be fitted as spacer-locator, mutual damping buffers and to inhibition individual pipe sag or droop, by sharing bending loads under pipe weight between pipes. Thus collars could be engineered to take not only compression, but suspension, loads. A collar could be configured as a crate, block or box; self-stackable with profile inter- location and mutual interfit, as a stable pile, even without bounding U-Rak frame; or indeed without pipes inserted. Such blocks could also feature provision for transverse register, interlink or intercouple, and be pre-assembled in a row, such as an intermediate profiled layer spacer, yoke or bridge. Pipe layer sub-assemblies, up to a payload width, could then be lowered successively on to a stack, up to the payload height limit, taking account support platform and underpinning running gear depth. Capture and handling fittings, such as twistlocks, could address collars directly, or a long-reach, rotatable lock-bolt transfer element, such as a rotatable through-pin with long-throw end lug, could penetrate a block depth. An extended (reach, embrace and pull) action twist lock could span from, say, a platform base or deck through to an overlying clamping header beam. A selective mix of band and block format collars could be used, one upon another or side-by-side, such as in alternate layers in a pipe stack. A block could be used as an outer back-up containment shoulder, shell or bolster for an inner band. A recessed circumferential seat in the block aperture inner boundary could accommodate such a band, located by opposed shoulder upstands. A modest interface or inter lock of outer block and inner band wrap could be relied upon to secure blocks upon bands clamped around a pipe. Such blocks could be selectively deployed. Similarly with bands.

Generally, in relation to collar profile, round forms are potentially easy to manufacture and more readily fit into a bounding frame width; also allowing closer pipe internest, in diverse stacking and packing dispositions, such as vertical or diagonal nesting; with minimal clamping such as a simple over-strap, similar to load lashing techniques currently employed, executable with less skill and re-training. A round collar is also potentially simpler to make and orientate when loading than, say, a flat-sided format, with optional provision of one clamping screw or device versus two.

Rectangular, in particular square, profile collars constitute a single element lifting frame in their own right. They can also be used as part of a full width profiled yoke, saddle or cradle; held by, say, long tie rods with threaded ends engaging a clamp head, to pull together a collar stack and/or a containment frame. Square format collars are readily keyed to each other and/or to a bolster sill and header.

A square profile might be problematic with pipes which do not fill an available frame internal throat or embrace capacity, although a top header at the top can be used to key with collars. As with any collar profile, a square can be pinned to frame posts if not filling a frame internal space capacity. Alternatively, for over-width or excess capacity, a split 'sandwich' yoke or former might be employed. A polygonal, say hexagonal or octagonal, outer format collar can feature dual-mode, male-female slots. Figures 13A-C and 14A-C reflect different pipe group 'rotations' for connection to a sill. An octagonal format has the benefit of compacting more pipes of certain sizes into a space and keying in with the posts and sills. Twist locks are envisaged fitted to a platform base or flatrack for locking into corner fittings of a stacked pipe containment frame or collar module, in order to tie a module to a base; and also for module capture, lift from the platform and onward handling, as crane spreaders are also fitted with such twistlocks. For shipping, a stacked pipe module can be secured, by say twist locks, to a platform based container e.g. a flatrack for use within a vessel hold with cell guides, or upon a deck. Some aspects of the invention provide a base platform with such additional intermediate twistlocks.

Heavy pipes might better go below deck in ship hold cell guides, for load and hull stabilisation and security of shipment. 42ft pipes might be put in platform deck containers, known as flatracks, or upon platforms on deck. Or stacked pipe modules might be loaded directly on deck. 80ft pipes could be put on deck, lifted by a 20ft or 40ft space-frame with no platform. This is of benefit commercially for, say, pipes imported into the USA from China and Korea. Once at the quayside, a stacked pipe module can be separated from a platform base or flatrack to save weight / height / cost on road and rail. By rail, on a platform wagon or so-called flat car, the Applicants envisage off-set stacking of one module upon another to give full pipe support along the length of the pipes and reduce the overall payload height. Overall, the Applicants' proposition represents a novel systematic approach and structure.

Claims

Claims

1 .

A containerisation module (2),

for elongate loads (3, 110), such as pipes, conduit or trunking,

comprising a capture, location or retention element (112, 122, 132),

and/or a bounding or containment element (114, 115, 116) for pie groups, with capture and handling fittings (13) disposed upon one or more elements, in conformity with containerisation standards for transport and storage.

2.

A containerisation module of Claim 1 , with individual pipe location, capture or retention collars or blocks configured for mutual interaction, or interlock.

3.

A containerisation module of either preceding claim, with individual pipe location, capture or retention collars or blocks configured for interaction or interlock with an inner and/or outer bounding containment frame.

4.

A containerisation module of any preceding claim, with individual pipe collars or blocks mutually intercoupled with one another and/or with external and/ or internal frame elements, by mutual accommodation, one within the embrace or body of another, using through passages or channels and/or face recesses, grooves or slots

5.

A containerisation module of any preceding claim, with intercoupled pipe location collars or blocks and containment frame elements, secured with elongate fasteners through collars and/or frames.

6.

A containerisation module, of any preceding claim, with freestanding, stackable, collars or blocks for individual load elements.

7.

A containerisation module of any preceding claim with a split circumference collar or block for individual pipe mounting and/or clamping.

8.

A containerisation module of any preceding claim, with a collar or block of outer periphery with one or more flat sides.

9.

A containerisation module of any preceding claim, with a flat-sided, polygonal, such as hexagonal or octagonal, outer collar or block profile.

10.

A containerisation module of any preceding claim with a round, such as circular, oval or other conic section, outer collar or block profile.

11 .

A containerisation module of any preceding claim, with a segmented or fragmented collar or block for individual pipe element capture, location or retention, with segments profiled for co-operative mutual interaction, interfit or interlock.

12.

A containerisation module of any preceding claim, with a circumferential groove or recess in a collar or block outer profile for a restraint or binding tie.

13.

A containerisation module of any preceding claim, configured for orderly pipe stacking and packing, with an individual pipe capture element, such as a collar or block, deployed for pipe spacing and internesting and with mutual collar intercouple.

14.

A containerisation module of any preceding claim, configured for pipe stacking and packing in groups or clusters, with individual pipe retention collars tied together and/or to a bounding or containment frame, to create a unitary module, with capture and handling fittings on collars and/or frame, for containerised standard handling.

15.

A containerisation module of any preceding claim, with an outer bounding and containment frame, such as of 'U' section, with a lower transverse support beam or bolster and uprights at opposite ends, and an optional demountable overlying transverse header beam as a top enclosure or restraint, a plurality of capture and handling fittings, such as twist locks, being disposed at frame outer corners, in conformity with containerisation standards of payload width, height and depth.

16.

A containerisation module of any preceding claim, fitted to or in combination with a platform deck container or flat rack, with mutual entrainment by containerisation standard capture and handling fittings, such as twist locks.

17.

A containerisation module of any preceding claim, demountably fitted to or in combination with a platform base, or a plurality of juxtaposed base platforms, with releasable intercouple by standard profile and span capture and handling fittings, such as twist locks, for movable disposition of stacked pipe group modules upon one another and/or upon one or more platforms, as modular stacked storage supported with distributed ground loading.

18.

A containerised pipe payload in a containerisation module of any preceding claim, with stacked modular pipe groups.