WO2011042313A1

WO2011042313A1 - Transportation device for patients

Info

Publication number: WO2011042313A1
Application number: PCT/EP2010/064038
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jürg O. SCHUSTER
Original assignee: Schuster Juerg O
Priority date: 2009-10-07
Filing date: 2010-09-23
Publication date: 2011-04-14
Also published as: DE102009048564B3

Abstract

The invention relates to a transportation device (2) for patients, comprising an endless belt (4) that is looped around a board (3), wherein the endless belt (4) has on the inner face thereof a lower coefficient of friction than the board (3). The cross-sectional circumference of the board (3) substantially corresponds to the cross-sectional circumference of the endless belt (4). The endless belt (4) has two opposing bead-like lateral edges (8, 9), which consist of at least one elastic rubber material.

Description

Transport device for patients Description

The invention relates to a transport device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

In hospitals or in the home care of patients, there is often a need to transport a patient from one place to another, without the patient making his own contribution to locomotion. Such transport takes place, for example, from a bed to an adjacent transport bed or from a daybed to an operating table.

It is already known a transport device for patients, which is portable and with which it is possible, even heavyweight patients by physically weak people umzubetten (DE 38 06 470 C2). In this transport device, an endless belt is wound around a board, wherein the cross-sectional periphery of the board substantially corresponds to the cross-sectional circumference of the endless belt. In this case, the frictional resistance between the endless belt and the board is so small that it can be overcome by an operator pulling on the endless belt when a person is on the endless belt. The superimposed surfaces of the endless belt and the board can consist of polypropylene tape fabric. In addition, a relatively rigid foam mat can be provided as a board. A disadvantage of this transport device is that it is bulky and not foldable.

It is also known a transport device for patients, which is more portable (International Design DM / 01 1933). This transport device has on its narrow side handles and is foldable in the middle.

In another known transport device for patients a piece of roller shutter is provided instead of a board (DE 103 34 270 B3). As a result, the transport device can be rolled up. Finally, a transport device for patients is known in which an endless belt is wound around a board (German Patent Application 10 2008 052 968.0). This endless belt has on its inside a low coefficient of friction. The cross section of the board substantially corresponds to the cross-sectional circumference of the endless belt. At the end of the board caps are arranged, which partially surround the endless belt.

The invention has for its object to provide a transport device for a patient having a board which is surrounded by an endless belt, wherein the endless belt is substantially waterproof to the board. Even slipping off the endless belt from the board should not be possible.

This object is achieved according to the features of claim 1.

The invention thus relates to a transport device for patients, with which a patient is to be transported with low force from a first location to a second location. For this purpose, a substantially stable, flexible and non-breakable board is provided, this board is surrounded by an endless belt. This endless band is adapted to the shape of the board and can slide around the board. The cross-sectional circumference of the board substantially corresponds to the cross-sectional circumference of the endless belt. The endless belt has two opposite, bead-shaped side edges, which consist of at least one rubber-elastic material.

The advantage is that it is prevented by these bead-like side edges that water, blood or other body fluids can get between the board and the endless belt, because the bead-like side edges rest firmly on the board. The bead-like side edges also prevents the endless belt from slipping off the board.

A further advantage is that the weight of a patient can be reduced to less than 20% of its normal weight when it is moved on the transport device according to the invention. An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below. FIG. 1 shows a patient on a transport device in a first position; FIG.

a further view of the patient on the transport device of Figure 1 a, wherein the transport device is in a second position;

a perspective view of the transport device according to the invention according to Figure 1;

a perspective view of a section of the transport device shown in Figure 2;

a section A-A through the transport device shown in Figure 2;

a perspective view of a variant of Figure 2 shown transport device;

a further view of the transport device shown in Figure 5; a section B-B through the transport device shown in Figure 6.

FIG. 1 a shows a patient 1 on a transport device 2, the transport device 2 assuming a first position. The transport device 2 in this case has an inner board 3 and a looped around this board 3 endless belt 4. The weight of the patient is indicated by G. If now the patient 1 is pulled to the right on the endless belt 4 with a force F, then the transport device 2 moves to the right by the path z, while the patient 1 moves to the right by the path 2 z. The second position of the transport device 2 with the patient 1 is shown in FIG. 1 b. In Fig. 1 b so the position of the transport device 2 is shown with the patient 1 after the transport device 2 has been moved by the distance z.

The patient 1 thus moves relative to a fixed base 5 and relative to the transport device 2, wherein the relative movement to the bottom 5 is twice as large as the relative movement to the transport device 2. During these movements, the endless belt 4 slides around the inner board 3. Thus the force F, for example, of a nurse is applied, is as low as possible, between the endless belt 4 and the board 3 no large frictional forces occur.

With frictionless deflection of the endless belt 4 at the edges of the board 3 (eg by rolling or rolling) then applies

F = MG, where μ is the coefficient of friction or the coefficient of friction. Between the (larger) adhesion and the (smaller) sliding friction should not be distinguished here. For the invention, the sliding friction is important. The sliding friction is the smaller, the greater the relative speed between superimposed bodies. Below are some examples of adhesion and friction coefficients indicated (see.

Gross / Hauger / Schröder / Wall: Engineering Mechanics 1, Statics, 9th ed., 2006, p. 252).

Adhesion coefficient Friction coefficient

Steel on ice 0.03 0.015

Steel on steel 0.15 ... 0.5 0.1 ... 0.4

Steel on teflon 0.04 0.04

Leather on metal 0.4 0.3

Wood on wood 0,5 0,3

Car tires on the road 0.7 ... 0.9 0.5 ... 0.8

Ski on snow 0.1 ... 0.3 0.04 ... 0.2

As can be seen from the above table, one achieves a very small coefficient of friction when using Teflon. In addition, there is no difference in this case between static and sliding friction.

Although friction occurs both on the top and on the underside of the board 3, there is no duplication of the frictional force, because the force F the path 2 z, the band on the board 3 at each point but only covers the relative distance z, respectively on a stationary ground.

With frictional deflection of the endless belt 4 of the board ends arises due to the Seilreibungsgesetze (Euler-Eytelwein formula) the force F too F = μϋ + 25,

β ^μ5π + 1 ^: where So is the preload force and s is the friction coefficient at the deflection point. Assuming μ = 0.1 and s = 0.1, the tensile force F results

Due to the friction in the deflection points, the required pulling force increases by approx. 16%. Overcoming the friction at the deflection would also be necessary if the transport device would be moved without a patient. The Euler-Eytelwein formula indicates how different two forces may be, which attack at the ends of a rope looped around a round object so that the rope does not begin to slip.

To keep the frictional forces low, the inside of the endless belt 4, that is, the board 3 facing side of the endless belt 4, a coefficient of friction, which is much lower than the friction coefficient of the board 3. It is conceivable, of course, that the surface of Board 3 has a coefficient of friction which is much lower than the friction coefficient of the inside of the endless belt 4. It is also possible that in addition a cloth is arranged on the board 3, so that the endless belt is wrapped around the cloth. In this case, the side of the cloth facing the board 3 has a lower coefficient of friction than the board 3. Thus, the cloth can be moved on the board 3. Preferably, however, the cloth is fixedly attached to the board so that the cloth can not be moved. In this case, only the endless belt 4 is moved. However, a cloth is shown in Figures 1 a and 1 b.

2, the transport device 2 is shown in a perspective view, wherein on one side 9 of the transport device 2, an edge is cut open. On the cut side 9 you can see the inner board 3 and an optional provided cloth 14, which is looped around the board 3 and firmly connected to this. The endless belt 4 in turn is wrapped around the cloth 14. This cloth 14 serves as a protective cover for the board 3. The board 3 may be substantially rigid or flexible. If the board 3 is substantially rigid, it preferably has a flexibly formed middle section in its center. However, the material of the board 3 is so stable that it does not break when folded in the middle.

Since the cloth 14 is fixed to the board 3, it can not be moved around the board 3. In this case, the endless belt 4 facing side of the cloth 14 has a high coefficient of friction, while the cloth 14 facing side of the endless belt 4 has a low coefficient of friction. As a result, the endless belt 4 can be moved around the cloth 14 and thus also around the board 3 without noticeable friction losses.

The endless belt 4 has two opposite bead-shaped side edges 6, 7. The two bead-like side edges 6, 7 are tubular and have an upper portion 10 and a lower portion 1 1, wherein the upper portion 10 and the lower portion 1 1 are interconnected. It is understood that the bead-like side edges 6, 7 need not necessarily be tube-shaped, but may also have a different shape.

In Figure 2, only the upper portion 10 and the lower portion 1 1 of the side edge 7 can be seen. Of the bead-shaped side edge 6, only an upper portion 12 can be seen. The bead-like side edge 7 is, like the side edge 6, formed of at least one substantially flexible material. The endless belt 4 with the bead-like side edges 6 and 7 arranged thereon has a length which is longer around the bead-like side edges 6, 7 than the board 3 Board 3 completely surrounded by the endless belt 4 with its bead-like side edges 6, 7. In Figure 2, only one end portion 13 of the board 3 can be seen, because the opposite end portion of the board 3 surrounded by the bead-like side edge 6 and therefore can not be seen. The two sections 10 and 1 1 of the bead-like side edge 7 are pressed firmly against each other, so that at the contact line 15, that is, in the area in which the two sections 10, 1 1 touch, no gap is present. Thereby, it is not possible that water, blood or other body fluids can penetrate between the cloth 14 and the endless belt 4 or between the board 3 and the endless belt 4, if no cloth 14 is arranged on the board 3.

However, since the bead-like side edges 6, 7 made of at least one flexible material, the two sections 10 and 1 1 can be moved away from each other, so that the board 3 can be pulled out of the endless belt 4. This makes it possible to remove the endless belt 4 from the board 3 and clean.

As described in the German patent application 10 2008 052 968.0, the transport device 2 can be folded in the middle, since the board 3 preferably has a central portion which is designed to be very flexible and thus flexible.

It is clear to a person skilled in the art that the term "board" is used in its most general meaning, meaning that hollow plastic structures can count as a board in the sense of the invention being inflated, ie a cloth which is firmly connected to the board, that is not slipping over this can be dispensed with if the inside of the endless belt is coated with a layer which has a very low coefficient of friction, eg Teflon or silicone, in which case the board preferably has a rough or rough surface structure Bretts it is also possible to connect several smaller boards together to form a board, as is known for example from German Patent Application 10 2008 052 968.0.

As the material for the inner board or for the inner boards preferably EPP (= Expanded Polypropylene) is used. This material is very light and very flexible. Depending on the size of the transport device results in a total weight of 1, 3 to 2.5 kg. The endless belt, the z. B. may consist of nylon, preferably contains on its outside a silver coating, because silver has antibacterial properties. The silver layer may still be coated with a protective layer of acrylic. The two bead-shaped side edges are made of a rubber-elastic material, such as rubber or silicone. This material can be treated with polyurethane (PU) surrounded by layered jersey fabric. The two margins can also consist of several layers, for example, an outer and an inner layer. Both layers each consist of a rubber-elastic material and may in turn be surrounded by PU-coated jersey fabric.

The cloth 14 which rests directly on the board 3 and is fixedly connected thereto preferably consists of polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), optionally with glass fiber or carbon reinforcement. High Density Polypropylene (HDPE) or Low Density Polypropylene (LDPE) can also be used. Between the inside of the endless belt 4 and the top of the board 3 or between the top of the cloth surrounding the board 3 and the endless belt 4, the frictional force must be very small. Preferably, the inside of the endless belt 4 is coated with Teflon or silicone. In this case, the friction coefficient of the board 3 is higher than that of the endless belt 4, so that the endless belt 4 can be moved around the board 3 without high friction losses.

Handles are not disposed on the board 3, although it is in principle possible to provide a handle at each end portion of the board 3, so that the transporting device 2 can be easily transported by means of the handles when the transporting device is folded.

FIG. 3 shows an enlarged detail of the transport device 2 shown in FIG. 2. The side 9 of the transport device 2 with the bead-like side edge 7 can be seen. The two sections 10, 1 1 of the bead-shaped side edge 7 are pressed against one another at a contact line 15, so that there is no gap at this contact line 15 of the sections 10, 11, through which liquid can reach the interior of the transport direction 2.

Figure 4 shows a section AA through the transport device 2 shown in Figure 2. Directly on the board 3, the cloth 14 is arranged. The board 3 with the cloth 14 arranged thereon is looped around by the endless belt 4. At the two end portions 13, 17 of the board 3, the two bead-shaped side edges 6, 7 are arranged. The two bead-shaped side edges 6, 7 each have a contact line 15, 18, in which the upper portion 10 and 12 with the lower portion 1 1 and 35 both side edges 6 and 7 are in contact with each other.

The board 3 is preferably made particularly flexible in the middle section 16, so that the transport device 2 can be folded in the middle. However, this flexible central region 16 of the board 3 is not highlighted separately in FIG. Although not shown, the board 3 can also consist of several sections, which are connected together to form a board. For example, it is possible for two sections to be connected to one another via a flexibly formed connecting element, as is known, for example, from German patent application 10 2008 052 968.0. Through this flexible designed middle section, the transport device and thus the board can be folded in the middle. Thus, the transport device can be easily transported and hung. Due to the bead-like sections 6, 7, the endless belt 4 can not slip off the board 3.

FIG. 5 shows a variant of the transport device shown in FIG. This variant of a transport device 19 has a board 20, at the two end portions of which in each case a handle portion 23, 24 is arranged. Preferably, these grip sections 23, 24 are rigid and U-shaped handles. However, it is also possible that instead of rigid and U-shaped handles loops are provided as handle portions which are attached to the board 20. However loops are not shown in FIG. In Figure 5, only the end portion 28 of the board 20 can be seen. In contrast to the transport device 2, this variant has no cloth which is looped around the board 20. However, an endless belt 25 is provided, which in each case has a bead-like side edge 26 or 27 on the two sides 21, 22. The board 20 with its two end portions is completely surrounded by the two bead-like side edges 26, 27, so that only the grip portions 23, 24 protrude from the endless belt 25.

However, so that the board 20 can be seen better with its arranged on the end portion 28 handle portion 23, the board 20 has been pulled out slightly on the endless belt 25, that is, the board 20 has been moved in the direction of arrow 29. Thereby, the end portion 28 of the board 20 can be seen, the between an upper and a lower portion 30, 31 of the bead-like side edge 26 is arranged.

FIG. 6 also shows the transport device 19, in which the endless belt 25 is wound around the board. However, the board has been pushed in the direction of the arrow 32, so that the board is completely surrounded by the endless belt 25 and therefore no longer visible. The two sections 30, 31 of the bead-like side edge 26 enclose the end section of the board so that only the grip section 23 can be seen. As a result, the two sections 30 and 31 of the bead-like side edge 26 are in contact with one another at a contact line 33 at least in the regions in which the grip section 23 does not protrude from the endless belt 25. Since the portions 30, 31 of the bead-like side edge 26 are made of a rubber-elastic material, these sections 30, 31 also attach firmly to the two sides of the handle portion 23, so that no liquids can get between the board and the endless belt 25. When the transporting device 19 is held in the direction of the attraction force in its longitudinal direction, the bead-like side edges 26 and 27 are so firmly against the board with its grip portions 23 and 24 that the endless belt 25 can not slip off the board.

FIG. 7 shows a section B-B through the transport device 19 shown in FIG. 6. The board 20 of the transport device 19 is surrounded by the endless belt 21. In this case, the inner side 34 of the endless belt 25 is made of a material with a very low coefficient of friction, for example Teflon. The inner side 34 of the endless belt 25 has a smooth surface.

The surface 36 of the board 20, however, is not smooth but rough or coarse, since the surface 36 has a surface contour 37. This surface contour 37 has a plurality of elevations 38, 39 and valleys 40 to 43. The board 20 therefore has a coefficient of friction which is much higher than the coefficient of friction of the inside 35 of the endless belt 25. Due to the valleys 40 to 43 and the elevations 38, 39 of the surface contour 37, the endless belt 25 is not directly on the surface 36 of the board 20, but there are formed between the surface 36 of the board 20 and the surface 35 of the endless belt 25 regions 44 to 46, in which air accumulates. In these areas 44 to 46 thus air cushions are basically arranged. The endless belt 25 floats on this air cushion at least partially, since the endless belt 25 does not rest directly on the board 20 in these areas 44 to 46, even if a patient lies on the transport device. This air cushion friction is again greatly reduced, whereby a weight reduction of the patient by more than 80% of its normal weight can be achieved when the patient is on the transport device 19 and is moved on this. Preferably, the weight of a patient may be reduced to 15 to 18%, so that in effect only 15 to 18% of the weight of the patient must be moved. However, a patient is not shown in FIG.

Although not shown in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b, it is clear to a person skilled in the art that preferably the transport device 2 illustrated in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b, on which the patient 1 rests, also has a surface structure, so that between the Inside the endless belt 4 and the surface of the board 3 can form air cushion, whereby the weight of a patient to be moved on the transport device 2 is reduced to less than 20%. In this case, the inside of the endless belt 4 is coated with Teflon or silicone, while the top of the board 3 has a rough surface structure.

Thus, two opposing surfaces can be moved relative to each other, without high frictional forces occur, thus a first surface are provided, which has a low friction coefficient, and a second, the first surface opposite surface having a relation to the first surface high coefficient of friction. In order to reduce the weight of a patient - or even of an object - even further, the surface with the high coefficient of friction preferably has such a surface structure that air cushions can form between the two surfaces. By means of these air cushions formed between the two surfaces, the weight of a patient to be moved on a transport device can be reduced to less than 20%, for example 15 to 18%, of the actual weight. In effect, less than 20% of the weight of the patient must be moved.

Although the embodiments of the invention have been described above in detail, the invention is not limited to these embodiments. A specialist understands that the invention comprises various variants with which the same result is achieved as with the embodiments described here. It is therefore clear to those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein do not limit the scope of the claims, and that there are other variants, modifications and alternatives that fall within the scope of the claims

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 patient

2 transport device

3 inside board

4 endless belt

5 floor

6 page margin

7 margin

8 side of the transport device

9 side of the transport device

10 upper section of 7

1 1 lower section of 7

12 upper section of 6 / end section

13 end section of 3

14 cloth

15 contact line

16 middle section of 3

17 end section of 3

18 contact line

19 transport device

20 board

21 page

22 page

23 handle section

24 handle section

25 endless belt

26 page margin

27 page margin

28 end section of 20

29 arrow

30 lower section of 26

31 lower section of 26

32 arrow 33 contact line

34 inside of the endless belt 25

35 lower section of 6

36 surface of the board 20

37 Surface structure

38 surveys

39 surveys

40 valley

41 valley

42 valley

43 valley

44 area

45 area

46 area

G Weight of the patient

F force

z way

Claims

claims

1 . Transport device (2) for patients (1), with

1 .1 an endless belt (4, 25), which is wound around a board (3, 20), wherein the endless belt (4, 25) on its inside a lower coefficient of friction than the board (3, 20),

1 .1 .1 and wherein the cross-sectional circumference of the board (3, 20) substantially corresponds to the cross-sectional circumference of the endless belt (4, 25),

characterized in that the endless belt (4, 25) has two opposite bead-shaped side edges (6, 7, 21, 22), which consist of at least one rubber-elastic material.

2. Transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that the board (3, 20) has a surface with a rough or coarse surface structure (37) and that on the board (3, 20) arranged endless belt (4, 25) has an inside (34) having a smooth surface (36).

3. Transport device according to claim 2, characterized in that between the surface (36) of the board (3, 20) and the inside (34) of the endless belt (4, 25) air cushions are arranged.

4. Transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that the board (3, 20) consists of a very light and elastically bendable material and is surrounded by a cloth (14), wherein the cloth (14) at least on its outside a very low Having friction coefficient and is firmly connected to the board (3).

5. Transport device according to claim 2, characterized in that the very light and elastically bendable material foamed polypropylene (= EPP = Expanded Polypropylene) is.

6. Transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that the endless belt (4, 25) with its side edges (6, 7, 21, 22) over end portions (13, 17, 31) of the board (3, 20) is slipped.

7. Transport device according to claim 2, characterized in that the endless belt (4, 25) with its side edges (6, 7, 21, 22) over end portions (13, 17, 31) of the cloth (14) is slipped.

8. Transport device according to claim 4, characterized in that on the board (3, 20) grip portions (23, 24) are provided, which are rigid and U-shaped or that on the board (3, 20) loops as gripping sections ( 23, 24) are provided.

9. Transport device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transport device (2, 19) has a central portion (16) which is flexible, whereby the transport device (2, 19) is foldable in the middle.

10. Transport device according to claim 2, characterized in that the endless belt (4) on its inner side (34) is coated with Teflon or silicone.