WO2011041938A1 - 一种以苯甲酸和有机酸防腐剂相联合作为有效成分的组合物及其用途 - Google Patents

一种以苯甲酸和有机酸防腐剂相联合作为有效成分的组合物及其用途 Download PDF

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WO2011041938A1
WO2011041938A1 PCT/CN2010/001552 CN2010001552W WO2011041938A1 WO 2011041938 A1 WO2011041938 A1 WO 2011041938A1 CN 2010001552 W CN2010001552 W CN 2010001552W WO 2011041938 A1 WO2011041938 A1 WO 2011041938A1
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vaginal
composition
acid
sodium
salt
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PCT/CN2010/001552
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English (en)
French (fr)
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曾忠铭
周汝云
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富莱生物技术投资有限公司
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Priority to JP2012532442A priority Critical patent/JP2013507328A/ja
Priority to US13/501,020 priority patent/US8765819B2/en
Priority to AU2010305200A priority patent/AU2010305200B2/en
Priority to EP10821547.6A priority patent/EP2486922A4/en
Priority to CA2776921A priority patent/CA2776921A1/en
Priority to CN201080036139.1A priority patent/CN102470117B/zh
Publication of WO2011041938A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011041938A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0034Urogenital system, e.g. vagina, uterus, cervix, penis, scrotum, urethra, bladder; Personal lubricants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/192Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having aromatic groups, e.g. sulindac, 2-aryl-propionic acids, ethacrynic acid 
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/185Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
    • A61K31/19Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/195Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
    • A61K31/197Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid, pantothenic acid
    • A61K31/198Alpha-aminoacids, e.g. alanine, edetic acids [EDTA]
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/40Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
    • A61K31/401Proline; Derivatives thereof, e.g. captopril
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/41641,3-Diazoles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/56Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
    • A61K31/565Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids not substituted in position 17 beta by a carbon atom, e.g. estrane, estradiol
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/702Oligosaccharides, i.e. having three to five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/715Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/715Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
    • A61K31/716Glucans
    • A61K31/718Starch or degraded starch, e.g. amylose, amylopectin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/715Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
    • A61K31/716Glucans
    • A61K31/724Cyclodextrins
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P15/00Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
    • A61P15/02Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives for disorders of the vagina
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/04Antibacterial agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/10Antimycotics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vaginal composition for inhibiting vaginal normal lactobacilli but having a strong inhibitory effect on vaginal fungi and/or vaginal pathogenic lactobacilli and related preparation uses.
  • the compositions of the present invention are particularly useful for inhibiting vaginal fungi, and/or inhibiting vaginal pathogenic lactobacilli, and/or promoting vaginal normal lactobacilli, and/or maintaining normal vaginal acidity, and/or regulating vaginal microecology, and/or Or regulating vaginal microbes, and/or selective vaginal decontamination.
  • the surface of female vaginal mucosa is suitable for living with microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi.
  • the bacteria inhabiting the surface of the female vaginal mucosa are usually dominated by large Gram-positive bacilli, called the "normal vaginal flora."
  • Most of these coarse Gram-positive bacilli belong to the category of Lactobacillus, mainly Lactobacillus, which can metabolize glycogen production in vaginal mucosal epithelial cells, keeping the vagina at a pH of 3.5 to 4.5 (preferably 3.8 to 4.1). range.
  • Vaginal acidity is extremely important for female reproductive tract health and resistance to pathogen infection. Once the vaginal flora or vaginal acidity changes abnormally, the chance of vaginal infection of various pathogens will increase significantly.
  • vaginal microbial diseases Candidal vaginitis, Bacterial vaginosis, Cytolytic vaginosis (CV), and senile vaginitis are more common. They are all related to the pathological changes in vaginal acidity: According to the literature, if the patient has genital itching, Burning and other symptoms and vaginal pH is 4.0 ⁇ 4.5, m high probability the diagnosis of fungal vaginitis, if the patient has genital itching, burning and other symptoms and the pH at 4.0 or less, diagnostic The possibility of cytosolic vaginosis is large [ 1 ]. The following is found in the present invention.
  • the pH of the lytic vaginitis is mostly 4.0 or less, especially 3.8 or less, and the pH of the fungal vaginitis is mostly 4.5 or less, especially 4.1 or less. Therefore, the vaginal pH is 4.0 or below, which may be fungal vaginitis or cytotoxic vaginosis. If the patient's genitals have symptoms such as itching, odor, and vaginal pH of 4.5 or above, the possibility of diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis is high [ 2 ]. 5 ⁇ The vaginal pH of senile vaginitis is also above 4.5.
  • vaginal lactobacillus produces acid to form an acidic microenvironment, which causes the fungus represented by Candida to overgrow and produce toxins, which cause vaginal inflammation.
  • the vaginal flora is mostly Lactobacillus, which is characterized by repeated attacks. Cases of refractory fungal vaginitis are particularly prominent.
  • the hyphae or spores of Candida can be detected in the vaginal secretions of patients.
  • the pH of vaginal secretions is often below 4. 5 or even 4. 1 or less.
  • Clinical symptoms include genital itching, burning pain, and dysuria, dyspareunia, etc., the most prominent before menstruation, menstrual period and postmenstrual remission, the existing treatment methods are using various antifungal chemicals or antibiotics such as ketoconazole, Treatment with mycomycin.
  • Cytotoxic vaginosis is also associated with excessive growth of vaginal lactobacilli and acid production, and low vaginal pH.
  • the vaginal secretions were examined to reveal thick Gram-positive bacilli, but Candida mycelium or spores could not be found.
  • the vaginal acidity of the patient is strong, and the pH of the vaginal secretion is usually lower than 4.0.
  • the clinical symptoms are similar to fungal vaginitis. It is also genital itching, burning pain, and dysuria, dyspareunia, etc. , menstrual period and post-menstrual relief, periodic attacks.
  • the treatment method is mainly to wash the sodium acetate sodium alkaline solution to neutralize the high acidity of the vaginal secretions, and to use the antibiotic Augmentin (Augment in, Amoxici 11 in + Clavulanic acid ) inhibits the bacterium.
  • Bacterial vaginosis is associated with decreased vaginal lactobacilli and decreased vaginal acidity.
  • the vaginal pH is higher than 4.5.
  • the anaerobic bacteria grow and multiply to form a "multi-microbial syndrome".
  • the clinical manifestations are vaginal genital itching and leucorrhea. Discomfort such as astringency.
  • the vaginal bacillus is reduced, the vaginal acidity is weakened, and it is often manifested as vaginal genital itching, pain and other discomfort.
  • vaginal microbial diseases mainly adopts bacteriostatic or bactericidal methods, such as fungal vaginitis treatment using fluconazole, nystatin, clotrimazole and other antifungal drugs to inhibit the killing of fungi, treatment of cytosolic vaginosis Use antibacterial drugs such as Augmentin to kill Lactobacillus, bacterial vaginosis with nitroxazole to kill anaerobic bacteria, and so on.
  • bacteriostatic or bactericidal methods such as fungal vaginitis treatment using fluconazole, nystatin, clotrimazole and other antifungal drugs to inhibit the killing of fungi
  • cytosolic vaginosis Use antibacterial drugs such as Augmentin to kill Lactobacillus, bacterial vaginosis with nitroxazole to kill anaerobic bacteria, and so on.
  • the inventors have found that the above antibacterial treatment also kills the normal lactic acid vaginal vaginal bacteria, destroys the vaginal acidity, and reduces the natural anti-infectivity of the vagina, and the bacteria are easily colonized while inhibiting or killing the pathogenic bacteria. , causing repeated infections or infections to prolong.
  • How to avoid vaginal normal lactobacilli and vaginal acidity during the treatment of vaginal infections, and to protect the vaginal natural anti-infective barrier is a problem that has not been solved for a long time, and is also a variety of vaginal infectious diseases mainly based on sterilization and antibacterial. Common problems faced by treatment methods.
  • the present inventors disclose, in the patent application PCT/CN2006/000826, a composition comprising a combination of a sugar and benzoic acid and/or a sodium salt thereof as an active ingredient for regulating vaginal flora and vaginal acidity.
  • sugar has a function of promoting lactobacilli
  • benzoic acid and/or its sodium salt significantly inhibits lactobacilli when the vaginal acidity is too strong.
  • composition of the invention promotes the growth and acid production of lactobacilli when the vaginal lactic acid bacilli is scarce and the vaginal acidity is weakened, and inhibits the acid production of the lactobacillus when the vaginal acidity is too strong, thereby restoring the abnormal vaginal flora to Lactobacillus.
  • the main normal flora of the main body, and the vaginal acidity is maintained at a pH of 3.5 to 4. 5 (preferably 3. 8 to 4. 1 ).
  • composition containing an antifungal drug is available for the treatment of fungal vaginitis, but does not mention that benzoic acid and / or its sodium salt itself has the effect of preventing or treating fungal vaginitis, not to mention the small dose of benzoic acid and / or its sodium salt and small doses
  • benzoic acid and / or its sodium salt itself has the effect of preventing or treating fungal vaginitis, not to mention the small dose of benzoic acid and / or its sodium salt and small doses
  • the combination of dehydroacetic acid and/or its sodium salt, and/or low-dose propionic acid and/or its salt, and/or a small dose of an organic acid preservative such as sorbic acid and/or a salt thereof has a synergistic inhibitory effect on vaginal fungi.
  • Low-dose benzoic acid and/or its sodium salt are widely used as preservatives in the field of food and pharmaceutical manufacturing.
  • the effective concentration of preservatives in internal or external preparations is usually
  • the concentration of sodium benzoate as a preservative in a neutral or slightly acidic pharmaceutical preparation is usually 0.5% [ 4 ]; containing 6 ⁇ 12% high concentration of benzoic acid bismuth or ointment
  • the agent can be used to treat hand, foot and sputum [ 5 ].
  • a composition having a low dose of benzoic acid and/or a sodium salt thereof as a active ingredient of benzoic acid and/or a sodium salt thereof, particularly 0.2% or less, is not seen, and no low-dose benzoic acid and/or A vaginal composition in which the sodium salt is combined with a low dose of other organic acid preservative as an active ingredient.
  • a high concentration of propionic acid and/or a salt thereof, and sorbic acid and/or a salt thereof are used as a therapeutic drug to alleviate symptoms of vaginal discomfort.
  • a single dose up to 2.3 g, a concentration of up to 20% propionate (calcium salt) Or sodium salt) vaginal preparations are safe and effective, have inhibitory effects on fungi and Gram-positive cocci; and there are also literatures showing that the concentration of sodium propionate is 5% in eye drops and 5 to 10 in antifungal solutions.
  • % 1 61 A vaginal composition containing 0.5% or less of propionic acid or a salt thereof as an active ingredient was not observed.
  • Dehydroacetic acid is usually used as an anti-caries drug, and it has a good inhibitory effect on a variety of common pathogenic fungi at a concentration of 0.05 - 0.5%. However, no dehydroacetic acid or a salt thereof having a concentration of less than 0.05% was used for the antipathogenic fungi.
  • vaginal lotion of the clock is considered to be safe and effective, not seen at 1% or even 0.1%.
  • a vaginal composition containing sorbic acid or a salt thereof as an active ingredient is considered to be safe and effective, not seen at 1% or even 0.1%.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a composition for a vagina which has a weak inhibitory effect on vaginal normal lactobacilli but which has a strong inhibitory effect on vaginal fungi and/or vaginal pathogenic lactobacilli.
  • composition according to the invention may be used for the prevention and/or treatment of vaginal microbial diseases, wherein the vaginal microbial diseases are selected from the group consisting of fungal vaginitis, or cytosolic vaginosis, or vaginal flora disorders and senile vaginitis.
  • vaginal fungi typically Candida
  • vaginal fungi typically Candida
  • the inventors have further improved the technical solution of PCT/CN2006/000826 to further enhance the function of the vaginal flora and vaginal acidity in a two-way manner, and further have an anti-vaginal fungus effect.
  • the inventors have unexpectedly discovered that the preservatives such as benzoic acid and formic acid, sorbic acid, and paraben have The inhibitory effect may have an antagonistic effect [ 8 ], but the test found that at lower pH (such as pH 4.5) under acidic conditions, benzoic acid and dehydroacetic acid, sorbic acid, propionic acid, etc. against Candida The bacteria have a synergistic inhibitory effect!
  • benzoic acid and/or its sodium salt is compatible with organic acid preservatives such as dehydroacetic acid, at low doses or At low concentrations, it has a strong inhibitory effect on Candida.
  • the antibacterial activity has a high correlation with the pH value: when the pH of the vaginal secretion is 4.5 or above, it has an inhibitory effect on Candida, but the inhibitory effect on Lactobacillus is weak; When the pH is about 4.1, its inhibition of Candida vaginalis is enhanced; and when the vaginal pH is 3.8, especially when the vaginal pH is 3.5 or less, its inhibition on Candida.
  • compositions and methods of the present invention successfully combine benzoic acid and/or its sodium salt with a specific organic acid preservative as an active ingredient, using a low concentration/low dose organic acid preservative for therapeutic use without significant inhibition or Selective inhibition of vaginal fungi and/or pathogenic lactobacilli under conditions of normal vaginal vaginal bacilli, has important theoretical and practical significance in clinical therapeutics, and can be used to prepare vaginal normal lactobacilli.
  • vaginal composition for maintaining vaginal acidity, and/or inhibiting vaginal fungi, and/or inhibiting pathogenic lactobacilli, for use in the prevention of various vaginal microbial diseases or microecological related diseases and/or Or treatment, as well as daily cleaning and care for women's vagina, the prospects are very broad.
  • the small dose of benzoic acid and/or its sodium salt combined with a specific organic acid preservative as an active ingredient has a weak inhibitory effect on vaginal normal lactobacilli, but on vaginal fungi and/or vaginal
  • the inhibitory effect of the diseased lactobacillus is strong.
  • the organic acid preservative in the present invention is selected from the group consisting of: dehydroacetic acid and/or its sodium salt, propionic acid and/or a salt thereof, sorbic acid and/or a salt thereof; wherein the propionate is a calcium salt thereof or A sodium salt, preferably a sodium salt thereof; wherein the sorbate is a potassium salt or a sodium salt thereof, preferably a sodium salt thereof.
  • compositions of the present invention may be used to inhibit vaginal fungi, and/or to inhibit vaginal pathogenic lactobacilli, and/or to promote vaginal normal lactobacilli, and/or to maintain normal vaginal acidity, and/or to regulate vaginal microecology, and/or Or regulating vaginal microbes, and/or selective vaginal decontamination.
  • the compositions of the present invention may be used to eliminate or reduce discomfort such as vaginal itching, pain, and/or dying pain, and/or to improve leucorrhea traits, and/or to eliminate vaginal odor, and/or Cleans the vagina.
  • the composition of the present invention is particularly useful for the prevention and/or treatment of vaginal microbial diseases, wherein the vaginal microbial disease is selected from the group consisting of fungal vaginitis, or cytolytic vaginosis, or lactobacilli vaginosis, or vagina Flora imbalance and senile vaginitis.
  • vaginal fungi not only has a stronger inhibitory effect on vaginal fungi, but also has a significant inhibitory effect on the acid production of lactobacilli, thereby inhibiting vaginal fungi and inhibiting lactic acid-producing lactic acid bacteria that are excessively acidic, especially Suitable for maintaining vaginal micro-ecological balance, suitable for preparing drugs for preventing and/or treating fungal vaginitis, and/or preparing for preventing and/or treating pathogenic Lactobacillus-induced cytolytic vaginosis and lactobacilli vaginosis The drug, and/or preparation of various vaginal microecological conditioning drugs, and / or vaginal micro-ecological care products, and / or vaginal cleaning products and hygiene products.
  • the composition may be used as a vaginal microecological modulator for vaginal administration, a microbial regulator, a pharmaceutical, a disinfectant, an antibacterial agent, a bacteriostatic agent, a mucosal surface microbicide, or a disposable Use medical supplies, or as part of a sterile device, medical device, or pharmaceutical device for the vagina, or as a hygiene product for the vagina, cosmetics, micro-ecological care products, cleaning care products, deodorants, lubricants , humectant, or lotion.
  • the composition includes, but is not limited to, the following vaginal dosage forms: solutions, ointments (preferably water-soluble colloids and emulsion-type ointments), effervescent tablets, capsules, micro-smear a component, a suppository or a tablet, or a component of a sterilizing device for a vagina, or a medical device, or a pharmaceutical device; preferably a water-soluble colloid, a capsule, a tablet, or an aqueous solution.
  • ointments preferably water-soluble colloids and emulsion-type ointments
  • effervescent tablets effervescent tablets
  • capsules micro-smear a component, a suppository or a tablet, or a component of a sterilizing device for a vagina, or a medical device, or a pharmaceutical device
  • a water-soluble colloid preferably a capsule, a tablet, or an aqueous solution.
  • the total amount of the benzoic acid and/or its sodium salt is 0.25 mg to 10 mg, based on the sodium benzoate, according to the embodiment of the present invention. , preferably from 0.5 to 6. 25 mg; selected from the group consisting of The organic acid preservative or a salt thereof, the total amount of the dehydroacetic acid and/or the sodium dehydroacetate is 0. 025 ⁇ 2. 5 mg, preferably 0. 05 - 1. 25 mg.
  • the total amount of propionic acid and/or its salt is 0.5 to 50 mg per unit dosage form, preferably 1.0 to 25 mg; the total amount of sorbic acid and/or its salt is sodium sorbate
  • the dosage form is 0. 05 ⁇ 5 mg, preferably 0.1 to 2. 5 mg per unit dosage form; the preparation process, the method and the selection of the excipients are all known to those skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the present invention. Knowledge can be imagined.
  • the dosage form of the composition is a solution, or an ointment (preferably a water-soluble colloidal agent and an emulsion-type ointment), wherein the benzoic acid and/or sodium benzoate
  • the total content is 0. 025 ⁇ 0. 2% (w / v), preferably 0. 05 ⁇ 0. 125% (w / v); organic acid preservative or its salt selected from the group below 005 ⁇ 0. 025% (w/v) ;
  • the total content of dehydroacetic acid and/or its sodium salt is 0. 0025 ⁇ 0. 05% (w / v), preferably 0. 005 ⁇ 0.
  • the total content of propionic acid and/or its salt is from 0.05 to 1. 0% (w/v), preferably from 0.1 to 0.5% (w/v); sorbic acid and/or Or the total concentration of the salt or the salt thereof is 0.001 ⁇ 0. l% (w / v), preferably 0. 01 ⁇ 0. 05% (w / v); the preparation process, methods and accessories Selections, which can be envisioned by one of ordinary skill in the art in light of the disclosure of the present invention.
  • a water-soluble colloidal matrix most preferably xanthan gum
  • xanthan gum which can be prepared according to methods known to those skilled in the art, such as the following process: proportionally taking sodium benzoate, and An organic acid preservative or a salt thereof selected from the group consisting of dehydroacetic acid and/or its sodium salt, propionic acid and/or a salt thereof, sorbic acid and/or a salt thereof; and xanthan gum, mixed, quantitatively added
  • the water is distilled, stirred, the components are dissolved, and the xanthan gum is swollen to form a uniform colloid; the pH of the composition is adjusted to a preset value with an acid and/or a base.
  • the following processes can be selected for sterilization: radiation sterilization, high temperature sterilization (for example, using 115. 6° (, 15 - 20) Minutes; or 100° (:, 30 minutes sterilization), intermittent sterilization (such as 80 ° C, 30 minutes treatment, then set 36 D C, 5 ⁇ 10 hours, then 80. C, 30 treatment, then set 36 C, 5 - 10 hours, and finally 80 ° (, 30 minutes treatment), or the components such as benzoic acid and / or its sodium salt can be separately prepared into a solution, filtered and sterilized, and then added to the sterilized In a water-soluble colloidal matrix.
  • the above components other than the water-soluble colloidal matrix may be mixed, water is added, the components are dissolved, sterilized, and used; and may be wetted by cotton balls or slivers for vaginal administration. Or make a vaginal lotion.
  • the amount of benzoic acid and / or its sodium salt it can be mixed with organic acid preservative or its salt and filling auxiliary, and can be directly compressed into tablets. It can also be added with auxiliary ingredients such as lubricant such as magnesium stearate or disintegrant such as sodium carboxymethyl starch. Evenly, tableting.
  • the prepared tablets may also be dispensed into a drug delivery device, or a sterilization device, or a medical device, or a pharmaceutical device.
  • vaginal suppository When preparing a vaginal suppository, it can be prepared according to a method known to those skilled in the art such as the following process [ 1 °]: Quantitatively taking benzoic acid and/or its sodium salt, and an organic acid preservative selected from the group below or Salt: dehydroacetic acid and / or its sodium salt, propionic acid and / or its salt, sorbic acid and / or its salt, and Tween 80, mixed and heated, heated to about 50 ° C; mixed fatty acid glycerides (also known as solid fat, Sol id Fat) heated to 60 ° C melting; then add benzoic acid and / or its sodium salt and organic acid preservative or its salt and Tween 80 mixture into the molten matrix, while adding Stir, after mixing, and pour into the mold at about 40 ° C (before solidification), after a little cold, scrape the mold, cool, demould, and get the vaginal plug.
  • the base of the suppository is preferably a mixed fatty acid glyceride, propylene glycol stearate, glycerin gelatin, Tween-61, etc., more preferably a mixed fatty acid glyceride.
  • Mass production can be automated and mechanized.
  • the prepared suppository can also be dispensed into a drug delivery device, Or in a sterile device, or a medical device, or a pharmaceutical device.
  • a non-fluid, viscous, water-soluble colloidal matrix is used which allows the composition to be in uniform contact with the vaginal mucosa and to remain active for a prolonged period of time.
  • the substrate is xanthan gum, or polycarbophi 1 , more preferably xanthan gum.
  • the pH range can be adjusted to a range of 3. 5 to 6. 5 by a usual acid or base, especially in the range of 4. 0 to 5. 5.
  • a usual acid or base especially in the range of 4. 0 to 5. 5.
  • the choice of the type and concentration of the acid or base to adjust the pH of the composition is within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art. Preferred are hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and sodium hydroxide.
  • the organic acid preservative or the salt thereof used in the present invention is an unionized molecule or ionized ion after being dissolved in water, and the ratio between the two depends on the pH value of the solution and the ionization constant PK a value of the organic acid:
  • PK a organic acid molecules and organic acid ions account for 50% each;
  • pH>PK a organic acid ions are more than organic acid molecules;
  • pH ⁇ PK a there are many unionized organic acid molecules For organic acid ions. It can be seen that the organic acid preservative and its salt are all organic acid molecules or organic acid ions after being dissolved in water, and there is no difference between the two.
  • the antibacterial action of organic acid preservatives is related to the concentration of unionized organic acid molecules. The higher the concentration, the stronger the bacteriostatic effect.
  • the composition of the present invention is used in the vagina, the lower the pH of the vaginal secretion, the higher the concentration of organic acid molecules in the vagina, and the stronger the inhibitory effect on the fungus and pathogenic lactobacilli in the vagina.
  • a specific low dose range of benzoic acid and/or its sodium salt is compatible with an organic acid preservative, and has the characteristic of selectively inhibiting vaginal fungi and/or pathogenic lactobacilli, and inhibiting vaginal normal lactobacilli. It has a weak effect, and it can be further prepared by combining with an amino acid as an active ingredient to form a group which can regulate the metabolism of Lactobacillus vaginalis and reduce acid production.
  • the compound, wherein the benzoic acid and/or its sodium salt is compatible with the organic acid preservative can selectively inhibit the acidogenicity of the pathogenic lactobacillus, and enhance the regulation and inhibition of the amino acid on the metabolic acid production of the lactobacillus.
  • composition is therefore suitable for the prevention and/or treatment of diseases which are caused by excessive acidogenicity of the pathogenic lactobacilli, vaginal acidity, such as fungal vaginitis, or cytosolic vaginosis, or lactobacilli.
  • one or more amino acids selected from the group consisting of and/or salts thereof may be further added: glutamic acid, glutamine, aspartic acid, aspartic acid, isoleucine , phenylalanine, valine, leucine, valine, threonine or a mixture thereof; preferably glutamic acid, aspartic acid or a mixture thereof; wherein the amount of the amino acid is used in combination 01 ⁇ 1. 75 ⁇ 1,
  • the total content of amino acids in a single dose or in a single dose package (unit dosage form) such as a tablet, a suppository, or a single-dose packaged ointment.
  • 0. 08 ⁇ 1 sleeps 1.
  • a specific low dose range of benzoic acid and/or a sodium salt thereof is compatible with an organic acid preservative, and has the characteristics of selectively inhibiting vaginal fungi and/or pathogenic lactobacilli, and for vaginal normal lactobacilli.
  • the inhibition is weak. It may further be combined with a sugar as an active ingredient to prepare a composition which can promote the growth and acid production of normal vaginal lactic acid bacteria, wherein the compatibility of the benzoic acid with the organic acid preservative prevents the lactobacillus from being affected by the sugar-containing composition.
  • a composition comprising benzoic acid and/or its sodium salt with an organic acid preservative, sugar, for use in the prevention and/or treatment of diseases in which lactobacilli are reduced and vaginal acidity is reduced, such as bacterial vaginosis, vaginal flora imbalance, and senile Vaginitis and so on.
  • composition according to the present invention may optionally contain one or more sugars selected from the group consisting of glucose, fructose, mannose, sucrose, maltose, isomaltose, trehalose, cellobiose, melibiose, cotton.
  • the total amount of the sugar is the total amount of sugar per unit dosage or per single dose package (unit dosage form) such as a tablet, a suppository, or a single dose packaged ointment. It is 1 to 750 mg, preferably 60 to 600 mg.
  • the composition according to the present invention may optionally contain a low dose antibacterial drug, nitrazol or tinidazole, wherein the content of metronidazole or tinidazole is such that the dosage per unit or single dose of the composition 001 ⁇ 0. 5 mg, preferably 0. 01.
  • the total content of metronidazole and / or tinidazole is 0. 001 ⁇ 0. 5 mg, preferably 0. 01. ⁇ 0. 25 mg.
  • the concentration range of metronidazole or tinidazole has weak antibacterial activity against Lactobacillus and strong inhibitory activity against anaerobic bacteria; it can inhibit anaerobic bacteria and prevent inhibition of lactobacilli, which is especially helpful.
  • compositions of the present invention containing low doses of metronidazole or tinidazole have the effect of caring for and/or regulating vaginal micro-ecology, anti-fungal, anti-anaerobic bacteria and maintaining vaginal micro-ecological balance.
  • composition according to the present invention may optionally contain estrogen, and the composition may also be used for the prevention and/or treatment of senile vaginitis, wherein the estrogen is present in an amount per unit dose of the composition.
  • a single dose package such as a tablet, a suppository, or a single-dose packaged ointment containing a total amount of 0.01 to 3 mg of one or more selected from the group consisting of Estrogens: diethylstilbestrol, estradiol, estriol; preferably estriol.
  • the present invention also provides an ointment for vaginal use (preferably a water-soluble colloidal agent and an emulsion-type ointment), or a solution composition, characterized in that:
  • the benzoic acid and/or the sodium salt thereof is contained in an amount of 0. 025 ⁇ 0. 2% (w/v), preferably 0. 05 ⁇ 0. 125% ( w/v); (2) containing, as an active ingredient, dehydroacetic acid and/or a sodium salt thereof, and/or propionic acid and/or a salt thereof, and/or sorbic acid and/or a salt thereof; wherein the dehydroacetic acid and/or its The total concentration of sodium salt is 0.0025 ⁇ 0.05 ° / in terms of sodium dehydroacetate.
  • (w/v) is preferably 0.005 - 0.025% (w/v); the total concentration of propionic acid and/or its salt is 0.05 to 1.0% (w/v), preferably 0.1 to 0.5%, based on sodium propionate. (w/v); the total concentration of sorbic acid and / or its salt is 0.005 ⁇ 0. l% (w / v), preferably 0.01 ⁇ 0.05% (w / v);
  • the pH of the composition is from 3 ⁇ 5 to 6 ⁇ 5, preferably from 4.0 to 5.5.
  • composition may be packaged in a variety of ways including, but not limited to, single dose, sterile, sealed package, or packaged in a vaginal device, or packaged in a disposable vaginal applicator; preferably single dose, sterile , sealed package.
  • the ointment or solution composition according to the present invention is preferably a composition of a non-flowable, viscous, water-soluble colloidal dosage form.
  • the composition may optionally further comprise one or more amino acids selected from the group consisting of 30-350 ramol/L and/or salts thereof: glutamic acid, glutamine, aspartic acid, Asparagine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, valine, leucine, valine, threonine or a mixture thereof; preferably glutamic acid, aspartic acid or a mixture thereof; preferably The total concentration of amino acids is 80 ⁇ 200mmol/L.
  • composition further optionally contains one or more sugars selected from the group consisting of a total concentration of 0.1 to 15% (w/v): glucose , fructose, mannose, sucrose, maltose, isomaltose, trehalose, cellobiose, melibiose, raffinose, panose, malto-oligosaccharide, oligofructose, dextrin, starch, glycogen or a mixture thereof
  • sugars are glucose, fructose, mannose, The sucrose, the maltose, the trehalose or a mixture thereof; the preferred total sugar concentration is 6. 0 ⁇ 12% (w / v).
  • compositions may further optionally contain metronidazole or tinidazole at a total concentration of 0.1 to 10% (w/v), preferably 1 ⁇ 5 mg% (w/v) of metronidazole or tinidazole.
  • composition wherein the composition further optionally contains one or more selected from the group consisting of Q. 001 ⁇ 0. 06% (w/v) Estrogens: diethylstilbestrol, estradiol, estriol; preferably estriol.
  • the ointment or solution composition of the present invention can be packaged in a variety of ways including, but not limited to, a single dose sterile sealed package, or packaged in a vaginal device such as a vaginal disinfecting device, or a vaginal medical device, or a vagina In a pharmaceutical device, or in a disposable vaginal applicator or drug delivery device; preferably a single-dose sterile sealed package, which can be sterilized or sterilized using aseptic processing techniques familiar to those skilled in the art
  • the treated composition is dispensed, sealed in a sterile package, or the prepared composition is dispensed, sealed, sterilized, or the prepared composition is dispensed into a disposable vaginal applicator, or It is packaged in a vaginal device such as a vaginal medical device, sealed with an outer bag, and then sterilized by radiation.
  • the invention also relates in particular to a method for promoting vaginal normal lactobacilli, and/or maintaining normal vaginal acidity, and/or inhibiting vaginal fungi, and/or vaginal pathogenic lactobacilli, including in the vagina of a woman in need thereof An effective amount of a vaginal composition prepared according to the preparation for use in the present invention is administered.
  • vaginal fungi and/or vaginal pathogenic lactobacilli and/or inhibit other vaginal pathogenic microorganisms, reduce their reproductive rate, and reduce their number without significantly inhibiting or destroying vaginal normal lactobacilli.
  • Protects and/or promotes normal vaginal growth of Lactobacillus restores it to a dominant vaginal flora, and restores vaginal acidity to a normal range.
  • the composition is applied to the vagina of a woman in need thereof, such as applying a composition of the gel dosage form of the present invention to the vagina with an applicator, or using a cotton sliver or cotton ball or
  • the composition of the present invention in a vaginal plug moisturizing solution dosage form is placed in the vagina, or the composition of the present invention in a suppository or tablet dosage form is directly administered into the vagina, and may be used 1 to 3 times a day, each course being 3 - 10 days, preferably 4-7 days; during the treatment, the patient's symptoms should be observed and the changes in the vaginal pH should be observed. The patient's symptoms are significantly improved or disappeared, and the vaginal pH is maintained in the range of 3. 8 ⁇ 4. 1 Stop or reduce.
  • the method of the invention solves the problem of how to effectively prevent vaginal fungi, inhibit excessive lactic acid production of vaginal pathogenic lactobacilli, protect vaginal micro-ecological physiological function, and avoid destroying normal vaginal physiological Lactobacillus population.
  • vaginal microbial diseases wherein the vaginal microbial disease is fungal vaginitis, or cytosolic vaginosis, or lactobacilli vaginosis, or bacterial vaginosis, or vaginal flora imbalance, or senile vaginal Inflammatory; wherein the method comprises administering to a woman in need thereof an effective amount of any of the compositions prepared according to the preparation of the present invention.
  • the method of the present invention can eliminate or reduce discomfort such as vaginal itching, pain, or sexual pain, or improve leucorrhea traits, or eliminate vaginal odor, or clean care vagina, or care and/or regulate vaginal micro-ecology
  • the method comprises administering to a woman in need thereof an effective amount of a composition according to the invention in the vagina.
  • the raw materials were weighed according to the following ratio, and 100 ml of the composition was prepared in substantially the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the raw materials were weighed according to the following ratio: 100 ml of the composition was prepared in substantially the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the raw materials were weighed according to the following ratio: 100 ml of the composition was prepared in substantially the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the raw materials were weighed according to the following ratio: 100 ml of the composition was prepared in substantially the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the raw materials were weighed according to the following ratio: 100 liters of the composition was prepared in substantially the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the raw materials were weighed according to the following ratio, and 100 ml of the composition was prepared in substantially the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the raw materials were weighed according to the following ratio, and 100 ml of the composition was prepared in substantially the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the raw materials were weighed according to the following ratio, and 100 ml of the composition was prepared in substantially the same manner as in Example 1.
  • Each tablet containing 6.25 g of sodium benzoate, 1.25 mg of sodium dehydroacetate, 5 mg of magnesium stearate, 25 g of sodium carboxymethyl starch, and 462.5 mg of microcrystalline cellulose was prepared according to a conventional method in the art. The above ingredients can be mixed in proportion and directly compressed.
  • vaginal suppository containing 6.25 g of sodium benzoate, 1.25 mg of sodium dehydroacetate, 14 mg of Tween-80, and 478.5 g of solid fat was prepared according to a conventional method in the art.
  • Test strain 11 strains of Candida, all of which were screened from clinical isolates of patients with fungal vaginitis, and all of which were able to grow in the bacteriostatic solution containing 0.025% (w/v) sodium benzoate.
  • Enrichment solution 1% yeast extract powder, 9% sucrose, 0.025% manganese sulfate (MnS0 4 .4H 2 0 ), 0.058% magnesium sulfate (MgS0 4 .7H 2 0), 0.9% lactic acid, pH adjustment To 4.5, sterilized for use;
  • Test group Strictly follow the aseptic technique requirements, prepare the following groups of sterile test tubes: a) sodium benzoate group: 5 ml bacteria: 1 test tube, add 0.025% (w/v) sodium benzoate ;
  • Sodium benzoate + sodium dehydroacetate group 6 tubes of 5 ml enrichment solution, 3 of which were added 0, 0025% (w/v), 0.005% (w/v), 0.01% (w /v) sodium dehydroacetate; the remaining 3 were added with 0.025% (w/v) sodium benzoate, and then added 0.0025% (w/v), 0.005% (w/v), 0.01% (w /v) sodium dehydroacetate;
  • c) sodium benzoate + sodium propionate group 6 tubes of 5 liters of enrichment solution, of which 3 were added 0.0625% (w/v), 0.125% (w/v), 0.25% (w/v) Sodium propionate; the remaining 3 were added with 0.025% (w/v) sodium benzoate, and then added 0.0625% (w/v), 0.125% (w/v), 0.25% (w/v) Sodium propionate; d) Sodium benzoate + sorbic acid clock group: 6 tubes of 5 ml of enrichment solution, of which 3 were added 0.00625% (w/v), 0.0125% (w/v), 0.025% (w /v) potassium sorbate; the remaining 3 were added with 0.025% (w/v) sodium benzoate, and then added 0, 00625% (w/v), 0.0125% (w/v), 0.025% (w /v) Potassium sorbate;
  • Test tube containing Candida but no sodium benzoate, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium propionate, sorbic acid, or ethylparaben.
  • Negative control a test tube for the enrichment solution containing no Candida, sodium benzoate, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium propionate, sorbic acid, or ethylparaben;
  • Each of the above tubes was placed at 37.5.
  • the culture was carried out in a C biochemical incubator, and the turbidity change of each test tube solution was observed and recorded at 72 hours.
  • the first group 0 ⁇ 125% (w/v) sodium propionate
  • the second group the composition of Example 9: containing 0.1% (w/v) sodium benzoate +
  • Group 3 0.0125% (w/v) sorbic acid
  • Group 6 The composition of Example 5: containing 0.1% sodium benzoate + 0.0125% sodium dehydroacetate.
  • case leakage can not complete the medication course, can not adhere to the review, and the use of antibacterial drugs or washing during the observation period as missing cases, removed from the experiment.
  • Experimental methods 5 gram of the composition of the invention was administered to the vaginal topical group twice a day for 5 consecutive days; at least once a day by the medical staff, the pH value of the vaginal secretion was measured, and the secretion was coated. The staining microscopy was performed to observe the number and morphology of the bacteria and to perform a Nugent score. Observation of results: Observe the changes of genital itching, burning pain, leucorrhea shape, pH value of vaginal secretions, observation of vaginal flora Nugent score, and presence of Candida.
  • the composition containing 0.15% sodium propionate can reduce the vaginal acidity of the patient, increase the pH, and the detection rate of Candida is reduced from 20/20 to 11/20, pruritus, burning, etc. Discomfort relieved, vaginal discharge improved.
  • the composition of the present invention containing 0.1% sodium benzoate and 0.15% sodium propionate can attenuate the patient's vagina, increase the pH, and the detection rate of Candida is significant from 20/20. Reduced to 2/20, genital itching, burning pain, etc., vaginal discharge significantly reduced, no tofu residue-like clot.
  • the third group The composition containing 0. 0125% sorbic acid can reduce the vaginal acidity and pH of the patient, and the detection rate of Candida is reduced from 20/20 to 13/20, genital itching, burning pain and the like. ease.
  • the fourth group the composition of the present invention containing 0.1% sodium benzoate and 0.125% sorbic acid can reduce the vaginal pressure and increase the pH of the patient, and the detection rate of Candida is 20/20. Significantly reduced to 4/20, genital itching, burning pain and other discomfort, vaginal discharge reduced, tofu slag-like clots are rare.
  • the fifth group The composition containing 0.1% sodium benzoate can reduce the vaginal acidity and pH of the patient, and the detection rate of Candida is reduced from 20/20 to 6/20, genital itching and burning. When the discomfort subsides, the leucorrhea decreases.
  • the sixth group The composition of the present invention containing 0. 0125% sodium dehydroacetate and 0.1% sodium benzoate can reduce the vaginal pressure of the patient, increase the pH, and reduce the detection rate of the yeast by 20/. 20 significantly reduced to 1/20, with reduced leucorrhea and no tofu-like clots.
  • the sodium benzoate and sodium dehydroacetate of the present invention can inhibit vaginal fungi and vaginal lactic acid bacteria, moderately reduce vaginal acidity, and make the genital itching, burning pain and the like discomfort or even disappear, and has a therapeutic effect on fungal vaginitis.
  • composition of the present invention containing sodium benzoate and sodium dehydroacetate is superior to the composition containing only sodium dehydroacetate or sodium benzoate; the composition of the invention containing sodium benzoate and sodium propionate inhibits Candida
  • the effect is superior to compositions containing only sodium propionate or sodium benzoate; the compositions of the invention comprising sodium benzoate and sorbic acid inhibit the action of Candida compared to compositions containing only sorbic acid or sodium benzoate.
  • Table 2 Therapeutic effects of the composition on fungal vaginitis
  • Symptom improvement/disappearance 0/20 7/20 9/20 14/20 13/20 13/20 Composition after treatment group pH 4. 2 - 4. 5 5/20 5/20 6/20 9/20 9/ 20 8/20 improvement; vaginal pH H 3. 8 - 4. 1 9/20 12/20 11/20 9/20 10/20 10/20 increase; yeast one pH ⁇ 3. 8 6/20 3/20 3/20 2/20 1/20 2/20 The detection rate of bacteria is ⁇ .
  • Symptom improvement/disappearance 0/20 6/20 12/20 11/20 13/20 12/20 Composition after treatment group pH 4 ⁇ 2 - 4. 5 6/20 6/20 7/20 8/20 8/ 20 7/20 improvement; vaginal pH pH 3. 8 - 4. 1 9/20 13/20 11/20 10/20 11/20 11/20 increase; yeast three pH ⁇ 3. 8 5/20 1/20 2/20 2/20 1/20 2/20 The detection rate of bacteria decreased.
  • Symptom improvement/disappearance 0/20 7/20 9/20 14/20 15/20 15/20 Composition after treatment group pH 4. 2 - 4. 5 4/20 ' 6/20 9/20 9/20 9 /20 10/20 improvement; vaginal pH pH 3. 8 - 4. 1 10/20 12/20 10/20 9/20 10/20 9/20 increase; yeast five pH ⁇ 3. 8 6/20 2/ 20 1/20 2/20 1/20 1/20 Bacterial detection rate ⁇ .
  • Symptom improvement/disappearance refers to genital itching, burning pain and other discomforts that significantly improve or disappear, vaginal discharge is reduced, tofu slag-like clots are rare or absent
  • the normal pH range of the vagina is 3. 5 - 4. 5 , preferably 3. 8 ⁇ 4. 1 , and the acidity is excessively enhanced below 3. 8 .
  • abnormal leucorrhea may be associated with genital itching, vaginal discharge, odor, pain or sexual pain;
  • vaginal discharge microscopy white blood cells / pus cells ⁇ 10 / high power field
  • Antibacterial therapy has not been used within 2 weeks.
  • the vaginal topical use of the composition of the present invention 5 grams each time, twice daily for five consecutive days; at least once a day by the medical staff, measuring the pH of the vaginal secretions, making secretion Smear microscopy of the smear, observe the number and morphology of the bacteria, and carry out Nugent score, 3 points or less for the normal flora, 4 ⁇ 6 for the intermediate BV, 7 points or more for the typical BV.
  • the maltose-containing composition has a strong promoting effect on the growth of lactobacilli. After use, the Lactobacillus vaginalis recovers rapidly. In 13/14 cases, the vaginal flora Nugent score is ⁇ 3 points; the vaginal acidity decreases rapidly, and some cases ( 5/14) Vaginal pH decreased to 3.8 or less; cases of fungal overgrowth were high (9/14). After 2 days of treatment, the patient's genital itching was significantly relieved, the leucorrhea decreased, the odor disappeared, but some cases reappeared after three days of the composition. Illness such as genital itching.
  • the composition containing maltose and 0.1% sodium benzoate has a weak inhibitory effect on vaginal fungi, and the incidence of fungal overgrowth is higher after use (4/16); weak inhibition of Lactobacillus vaginalis, Lactobacillus vaginalis The recovery was more satisfactory.
  • the vaginal flora Nugent score was ⁇ 3 in 13-8 cases. After the composition, the genital itching of the patient was significantly reduced, the vaginal discharge was reduced, and the odor was disappeared.
  • Group 5 The composition of the present invention containing 0.1% sodium benzoate, 0.005% sodium dehydroacetate, and maltose has a strong inhibitory effect on fungi, and the incidence of vaginal fungal overgrowth after use is very low (1 5 ); The inhibitory effect on Lactobacillus is very weak. Lactobacillus vaginalis and vaginal acidity can be recovered in 3 to 4 days, and the Nugent score is ⁇ 3 in 13 cases. The patient's genital itching was significantly relieved, the leucorrhea decreased, and the smell disappeared.
  • Group 6 The composition of the present invention containing no sugar does not promote the growth and acid production of Lactobacillus vaginalis, and the Lactobacillus vaginalis and vaginal acidity of the patient with bacterial vaginosis rarely recover after use, and thus the sugar-free invention of the present invention The composition is not suitable for use in patients with bacterial vaginosis.
  • Group 7 The composition of the present invention containing 0.1% sodium benzoate, 0.1% sodium propionate, and maltose has a strong inhibitory effect on vaginal fungi, and has a weak inhibitory effect on Lactobacillus vaginalis; The vaginal acidity was effectively restored.
  • the vaginal flora Nugent score was ⁇ 3 points; the incidence of vaginal fungal overgrowth was low (1 / 15). After the composition, the genital itching of the patient was significantly reduced, the vaginal discharge was reduced, and the odor was disappeared.
  • Group 8 Group of the present invention containing 0.1% sodium benzoate, 0. 0125% sorbic acid, and maltose
  • the compound has strong inhibitory effect on vaginal fungi, and has weak inhibition effect on Lactobacillus vaginalis; Lactobacillus vaginalis and vaginal acidity are effectively recovered after use, and vaginal flora Nugent score is ⁇ 3 in 11/14 cases; vaginal fungus The incidence of growth is low (2/14). After the composition, the genital itching of the patient was significantly reduced, the vaginal discharge was reduced, and the odor was disappeared.
  • Sodium benzoate which can significantly inhibit the growth of vaginal fungi, such as 0.2% sodium benzoate, has a stronger inhibitory effect on Lactobacillus vaginalis.
  • This concentration of sodium benzoate combined with maltose is used to treat bacteriality.
  • the efficacy of vaginosis is poor; benzoic acid and/or its sodium salt is compatible with dehydroacetic acid and/or its sodium salt, propionic acid and/or its salt, sorbic acid and/or its salt, and has a strong inhibitory effect on fungi.
  • the inhibition of Lactobacillus is weak.
  • Vaginal ⁇ 4.5 is normal, indicating that the vaginal acidity is within the normal range, ⁇ >4.5 is not normal, indicating vaginal ⁇ !
  • Nugent score ⁇ 3 indicating that the vaginal flora is normal, Nugent score > 3 indicates that the vaginal flora is abnormal; for specific scoring methods, see Guidance for Industry: Bacterial Vaginosis - Developing antimicrobial Drugs for Treatment. FDA, 1998
  • Experimental drug A composition of the composition of Example 5 of the present invention containing 0.1% (w/v) sodium benzoate and 0. 0125% (w/v) sodium dehydroacetate.
  • Cytolysis vaginosis Screening 20 cases into the group, there are repeated episodes of genital itching or burning, vaginal discharge and other discomfort; vaginal secretions pH ⁇ 4. 1, vaginal bacteria are mainly Gram-positive bacilli, no false Saccharomyces spores or hyphae; find vaginal mucosal epithelial cell disruption and nucleus.
  • case leakage can not complete the medication course, can not adhere to the review, and the use of antibiotics or washing during the observation period as missing cases, removed from the experiment.
  • the actual method the vaginal topical use of the composition of the invention 5 grams, twice daily for 5 consecutive days; at least once daily by the medical staff, measuring the pH of vaginal secretions, secretions Smear staining microscopy, observe the number and morphology of bacteria, and perform Nugent score.
  • the normal pH of the vagina is 3. 5 ⁇ 4. 5 , preferably 3. 8 ⁇ 4. 1, less than 3. 8 is 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ excessively enhanced.
  • Vaginal mucosal epithelial cell debris is normally negative.
  • composition of the present invention significantly inhibits the acid production of lactic acid bacteria, increases the vaginal pH to above 3.8, reduces vaginal acidity, inhibits cell lysis, and significantly reduces fragmentation and nucleus produced by epithelial cell lysis. After the patient uses the composition of the present invention, the genital itching, burning pain and the like are quickly relieved or even disappeared, and the vaginal discharge is reduced.
  • composition of the invention can inhibit the vaginal pathogenic lactobacillus, inhibit the abnormal increase of vaginal acidity, and has the effects of treating cytosolic vaginosis and lactobacilli, and causing symptoms such as genital itching and burning of the patient. Relieved or even disappeared, and the vaginal discharge was significantly reduced.
  • the inventors took the vaginal swab to measure the pH value of the secretion, less than 3.8, the secretion smear Gram stain, microscopic examination, see the vaginal flora as a crude Gram-positive bacillus, no yeast-like fungal spores and Mycelium, vaginal mucosal epithelial cells incomplete morphology, lysis and fragmentation, visible nucleus, diagnosed as "cytosolic vaginosis", the composition of Example 2, vaginal topical medication 4 ml each time, once a day For 5 consecutive days, the patient's genital itching disappeared, the vaginal discharge decreased, and the vaginal swab was reviewed.
  • the pH value of the secretion was 4.1.
  • vaginal flora was still a coarse Gram-positive bacillus, and the vaginal mucosal epithelial cells were intact and not broken. Crack, nucleus.
  • the results show that the composition of the present invention containing sodium benzoate and sodium dehydroacetate as active ingredients has a therapeutic effect on cytosolic vaginosis.
  • vaginal topical medication 5 liters per day, once daily for 5 consecutive days, the patient genital itching, pain After disappearing, the vaginal discharge was significantly reduced.
  • the pH value of the vaginal swab was checked and found to be about 4.1.
  • the vaginal flora was a coarse Gram-positive bacillus, but the bacteria were short and no yeast-like fungal spores were observed. It is shown that the composition of the present invention containing sodium benzoate and sodium propionate as active ingredients has a therapeutic effect on fungal vaginitis.
  • the inventors took the leucorrhea for smear staining examination and found a large number of different forms of Gram-negative bacilli, negative cocci and positive cocci, no coarse Gram-positive bacilli, and fewer white blood cells; the leucorrhea pH was 5.4, and the diagnosis was bacterial.
  • Vaginal disease, treated with the colloidal agent of Example 3 of the present invention 5 grams each time, twice a day; leucorrhea odor and genital itching were significantly alleviated after one day of treatment, the vaginal discharge pH 4.6; the vaginal discharge decreased after two days of administration The odor and genital itching disappeared.

Description

一种以苯甲酸和有机酸防腐剂相联合作为有效成分
的组合物及其用途 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于对阴道正常乳酸杆菌的抑制作用较弱、 但 对阴道真菌和 /或阴道致病性乳酸杆菌的抑制作用较强的阴道用组 合物以及相关的制备用途。本发明的组合物特别用于抑制阴道真菌、 和 /或抑制阴道致病性乳酸杆菌、和 /或促进阴道正常乳酸杆菌、和 / 或维护阴道正常酸度、 和 /或调节阴道微生态、 和 /或调节阴道微生 物、 和 /或选择性阴道脱污染。 背景技术
女性阴道黏膜表面适宜细菌、 真菌等微生物栖居。 在健康状态 下,女性阴道黏膜表面栖居的细菌通常以粗大的革兰阳性杆菌为主, 称为 "阴道正常菌群"。 此类粗大革兰阳性杆菌大多数属于乳酸杆菌 的范畴, 以乳杆菌为主, 能代谢阴道黏膜上皮细胞中的糖原产酸, 使阴道 保持在 pH值 3.5 ~ 4.5 (优选 3.8 ~ 4.1) 的范围。 阴道 酸度对女性生殖道健康和抵御病菌感染极为重要, 一旦阴道菌群或 阴道酸度发生异常改变,则阴道感染各种病菌的几率就会大幅上升。
很多因素均可干扰阴道正常菌群和阴道酸度, 使女性阴道抗御 病菌感染的能力下降, 因而妇女阴道微生物疾病极为常见。
在阴道微生物疾病中, 真菌性阴道炎(Candidal vaginitis ), 细菌性阴道病 ( Bacterial vaginosis )、 细胞溶解性阴道病 (Cytolytic vaginosis, CV)、 老年性阴道炎较为常见。 它们都与 阴道酸度的病理性改变有关: 据文献 · ^道, 如果患者有阴部瘙痒、 灼痛等不适症状且阴道 pH为 4. 0 ~ 4. 5, 诊断为真菌性阴道炎的可 能性大 m, 若患者有阴部瘙痒、 灼痛等症状且 pH值在 4. 0或以下, 诊断为细胞溶解性阴道病的可能性大【1】。 本发明人经研究发现: 细 胞溶解性阴道病的 pH大多在 4. 0或以下、尤其是 3. 8或以下, 真菌 性阴道炎的 pH大多在 4. 5以下、 尤其是 4. 1以下。 所以阴道 pH在 4. 0 或以下, 可能是真菌性阴道炎, 也可能是细胞溶解性阴道病。 如果患者阴部有瘙痒、 嗅味等不适症状且其阴道 pH4. 5或以上, 则 诊断为细菌性阴道病的可能性大【2】。 老年性阴道炎的阴道 pH 也在 4. 5以上。
经研究, 本发明人发现真菌性阴道炎、 尤其是反复发作的顽固 性真菌性阴道炎, 主要以内源性感染为主。 阴道内乳酸杆菌产酸形 成酸性微环境,使以假丝酵母菌为代表的真菌过度生长并产生毒素, 从而引起阴道炎症, 其时阴道菌群大多以乳酸杆菌为主, 此特征在 反复发作的顽固性真菌性阴道炎病例尤为突出。 患者阴道分泌物中 可查出假丝酵母菌的菌丝或孢子, 阴道分泌物 pH值常在 4. 5、 甚至 4. 1 以下。 临床症状有外阴瘙痒、 灼痛, 及尿痛、 性交痛等, 以来 月经前最突出, 月经期及经后緩解, 现有治疗方法是用各种抗真菌 化学药或抗生素如酮康唑、 制霉菌素等治疗。
细胞溶解性阴道病也与阴道乳酸杆菌过度生长和产酸、 阴道 pH 值过低有关。 取阴道分泌物检查可见粗长的革兰氏阳性杆菌, 但不 能查见假丝酵母菌菌丝或孢子。 患者的阴道酸度较强, 阴道分泌物 pH值通常低于 4. 0, 临床症状与真菌性阴道炎类似, 也为外阴瘙痒、 灼痛, 及尿痛、 性交痛等, 来月经前症状最重, 月经期及经后显著 緩解, 周期性发作。 治疗方法主要是用碳酸氢钠碱性溶液坐盆清洗 来中和阴道分泌物的高酸性, 以及用抗生素奥格门丁 (Augment in, Amoxici 11 in+Clavulanic acid )抑制孔酸杆菌。
细菌性阴道病则与阴道乳酸杆菌减少、 阴道酸度减弱有关, 阴 道 pH值高于 4. 5,厌氧菌等大量生长繁殖,形成"多微生物综合征", 临床表现为阴道外阴瘙痒、 白带鱼腥味等不适。 老年性阴道炎的阴 道乳酸杆菌减少、 阴道酸度减弱, 常表现为阴道外阴瘙痒、 疼痛等 不适。
上述阴道微生物疾病的治疗, 目前主要采取抑菌或杀菌的方法, 如真菌性阴道炎治疗选用氟康唑、 制霉菌素、 克霉唑等抗真菌药物 抑制杀灭真菌, 细胞溶解性阴道病治疗选用奥格门丁等抗菌药物杀 灭乳酸杆菌, 细菌性阴道病用曱硝唑杀灭厌氧菌, 等等。
经多年的研究和临床实践, 本发明人发现上述抗菌治疗在抑制 或杀灭致病性细菌的同时, 也杀灭阴道正常乳酸杆菌、 破坏阴道酸 度, 使阴道天然抗感染力降低, 病菌易于定植, 导致反复感染或感 染迁延不愈。 如何在治疗阴道感染的过程中避免破坏阴道正常乳酸 杆菌和阴道酸度, 保护阴道天然抗感染病屏障, 是长期以来一直没 有解决的问题, 也是当前以杀菌、 抗菌为主的各种阴道感染性疾病 治疗方法所面临的共同问题。
本发明人在专利申请 PCT/CN2006/000826中公开了以糖和苯甲 酸和 /或其钠盐相联合作为有效成分的组合物,用于调节阴道菌群和 阴道酸度。 其中, 糖具有促进乳酸杆菌的作用, 苯甲酸和 /或其钠盐 在阴道酸度过强时显著抑制乳酸杆菌。 该发明的组合物在阴道乳酸 杆菌稀少、 阴道酸度减弱时促进乳酸杆菌生长与产酸, 而在阴道酸 度过强时抑制乳酸杆菌产酸, 因而能使异常的阴道菌群恢复为以乳 酸杆菌为主的正常菌群, 并始终保持阴道酸度在 pH值为 3. 5 ~ 4. 5 (优选 3. 8 ~ 4. 1 )的范围。 其中提及含抗真菌药物的该组合物可用 于治疗真菌性阴道炎,但未提及苯甲酸和 /或其钠盐本身具有预防或 治疗真菌性阴道炎的作用 ,更未提及小剂量的苯曱酸和 /或其钠盐与 小剂量脱氢乙酸和 /或其钠盐、 和 /或小剂量丙酸和 /或其盐、 和 /或 小剂量山梨酸和 /或其盐等有机酸防腐剂配伍,对阴道真菌具有协同 抑制作用。
低剂量苯甲酸和 /或其钠盐作为防腐剂被广泛应用于食品和药 品制造领域, 其在内服或外用制剂中作为防腐剂的有效浓度通常为
0. 1 ~ 0. 2% 13,,苯甲酸钠在中性或微酸性药物制剂中作为防腐剂的浓 度通常为 0. 5%【4】;含 6 ~ 12%高浓度的苯甲酸酊剂或软膏剂可用于治 疗手足癣【5】。 但未见单独以苯甲酸和 /或其钠盐尤其 0. 2%以下的低 剂量苯甲酸和 /或其钠盐作为有效成分的组合物,亦未见同时含有低 剂量苯曱酸和 /或其钠盐与低剂量的其它有机酸类防腐剂配伍作为 有效成分的阴道用组合物。
高浓度丙酸和 /或其盐、 以及山梨酸和 /或其盐, 作为治疗药物 被用于减轻阴道不适症状。 美国 FDA在 Federa l Reg i s ter/ Vol. 48, No. 199, 46704/ October 12, 1983/ Proposed Rules的资料显示, 单次剂量高达 2. 3克、 浓度高达 20%的丙酸盐(钙盐或钠盐) 阴道 制剂安全有效, 对真菌和革兰氏阳性球菌具有抑制作用; 另还有文 献显示, 丙酸钠的药用浓度在滴眼剂为 5%, 在抗真菌溶液为 5 ~ 10% 161; 未见以 0. 5%或以下的丙酸或其盐为有效成分的阴道用组合物。
脱氢乙酸通常可以作为抗癣药物, 在 0. 05 - 0. 5%的浓度对多种 常见的致病真菌都有较好的抑制作用 。 但未见浓度在 0. 05%以下 的脱氢乙酸或其盐用于抗致病性真菌。
美国 FDA 在 Federa l Reg i s ter/ Vol. 48 , No. 199, 46704/ October 13 , 1983 I Proposed Rules的资料显示, 含 1 ~ 3%山梨酸 钟的阴道洗液被认为安全有效, 未见以 1%、甚至 0. 1°/。或以下的山梨 酸或其盐为有效成分的阴道用组合物。
综上所述, 未见以小剂量苯曱酸和 /或其钠盐与有机酸防腐剂 脱氢乙酸和 /或其钠盐、 和 /或小剂量丙酸和 /或其盐、 和 /或小剂量 山梨酸和 /或其盐相联合, 作为阴道用抗(抑)菌组合物有效成分的 报道。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于对阴道正常乳酸杆菌的抑制作用 较弱、但对阴道真菌和 /或阴道致病性乳酸杆菌的抑制作用较强的阴 道用组合物。
本发明的再一个目的是提供一种阴道用组合物, 所述组合物可 以用于抑制阴道真菌、 和 /或抑制阴道致病性乳酸杆菌、 和 /或促进 阴道正常乳酸杆菌、 和 /或维护阴道正常酸度、 和 /或调节阴道微生 态、 和 /或调节阴道微生物、 和 /或选择性阴道脱污染(select ive vaginal decontaminat ion)。
本发明的进一步的一个目的是提供一种阴道用组合物, 所述组 合物可用于消除或减轻阴道外阴瘙痒、 疼痛、 和 /或性交痛等不适, 和 /或改善白带性状, 和 /或消除白带嗅味, 和 /或清洁护理阴道。
根据本发明的组合物可以用于预防和 /或治疗阴道微生物疾病, 其中所述阴道微生物疾病选自真菌性阴道炎、或细胞溶解性阴道病、 或阴道菌群失调和老年性阴道炎。
为了研究调节阴道菌群的方法, 本发明人多年来进行了大量体 外和体内研究。 发现虽然专利文献 PCT/CN2006/000826中以糖和苯 曱酸和 /或其钠盐相联合作为有效成分的组合物能够双向调节阴道 菌群和阴道酸度, 即在阴道中的乳酸杆菌数量稀少、 阴道酸度过弱 时促进乳酸杆菌生长与产酸, 而在阴道中的乳酸杆菌数量多、 酸度 过强时抑制乳酸杆菌产酸, 但仍然会有继发阴道真菌过度生长和真 菌感染的危险。 经过大量研究和积累, 本发明人进一步开发了苯甲 酸和 /或其钠盐在体内的作用特点: 在能有效抑制阴道真菌(典型的 为假丝酵母菌) 的剂量或浓度, 其对阴道乳酸杆菌也有显著抑制作 用; 在对阴道乳酸杆菌无显著抑制作用的剂量或浓度, 其亦不能艮 有效地抑制阴道真菌。 因而, 本发明人对 PCT/CN2006/000826的技 术方案进行了进一步改进, 使组合物在双向调节阴道菌群与阴道酸 度的功能的基础上, 进一步具备抗阴道真菌的作用。
通过反复研究不同浓度防腐剂的作用特点以及不同抑菌剂间的 相互影响, 本发明人意外地发现, 虽然文献报道苯曱酸和甲酸、 山 梨酸、 尼泊金酯等防腐剂对啤酒酵母菌的抑制作用可能存在拮抗效 应【8】, 但试验发现在较低 pH值时 (如 pH值 4. 5 ) 的酸性条件下, 苯甲酸与脱氢乙酸、 山梨酸、 丙酸等对假丝酵母菌具有协同抑制作 用抑制作用!
尤其意外地发现, 与用于治疗用途的防腐剂需要很大剂量或较 高浓度的专业常识相反,苯曱酸和 /或其钠盐与脱氢乙酸等有机酸防 腐剂配伍,在低剂量或低浓度时就对假丝酵母菌具有较强抑制作用。 而且还发现这种抗菌活性与 pH值具有高度的相关性: 当阴道分泌物 pH为 4. 5或以上时, 其对假丝酵母菌具有抑制作用, 但对乳酸杆菌 的抑制作用较弱; 当 pH为 4. 1左右时, 其抑制阴道假丝酵母菌的作 用增强; 而当阴道 pH为 3. 8、 特别是当阴道 pH为 3. 5或以下时, 其对假丝酵母菌的抑制作用更强, 同时对乳酸杆菌也产生显著抑制 作用。 基于上述发现, 本发明人通过进一步研究, 最终完成了本发明。 本发明的组合物和方法成功地将苯甲酸和 /或其钠盐与特定有机酸 防腐剂相配伍作为活性成分,使用低浓度 /低剂量的有机酸防腐剂于 治疗用途, 在不显著抑制或破坏阴道正常乳酸杆菌的条件下实现了 对阴道真菌和 /或致病性乳酸杆菌的选择性抑制,在临床治疗学上具 有重要的理论和实践意义, 可用于制备对阴道正常乳酸杆菌有促进 作用、 和 /或对阴道酸度有维护作用、 和 /或抑制阴道真菌、 和 /或抑 制致病性乳酸杆菌的阴道用组合物, 可应用于各种阴道微生物疾病 或微生态相关疾病的预防和 /或治疗, 以及用于女性阴道的日常清 洁、 护理, 前景十分广阔。
根据本发明的技术方案,小剂量苯曱酸和 /或其钠盐与特定的有 机酸防腐剂相联合作为活性成分对阴道正常乳酸杆菌的抑制作用较 弱、但对阴道真菌和 /或阴道致病性乳酸杆菌的抑制作用较强。在本 发明中所述有机酸防腐剂选自: 脱氢乙酸和 /或其钠盐、 丙酸和 /或 其盐、 山梨酸和 /或其盐; 其中所述丙酸盐为其钙盐或钠盐, 优选其 钠盐; 其中所述山梨酸盐为其钾盐或钠盐, 优选其钠盐。
本发明的组合物可以用于抑制阴道真菌、和 /或抑制阴道致病性 乳酸杆菌、 和 /或促进阴道正常乳酸杆菌、和 /或维护阴道正常酸度、 和 /或调节阴道微生态、和 /或调节阴道微生物、 和 /或选择性阴道脱 污染。
在优选的实施方案中, 本发明的组合物可以用于消除或减轻阴 道外阴瘙痒、 疼痛、 和 /或性交痛等不适, 和 /或改善白带性状, 和 / 或消除白带嗅味, 和 /或清洁护理阴道。 本发明的组合物特别可以用 于预防和 /或治疗阴道微生物疾病,其中所述阴道微生物疾病选自真 菌性阴道炎、 或细胞溶解性阴道病、 或乳酸杆菌性阴道病、 或阴道 菌群失调和老年性阴道炎。
根据本发明的技术方案,小剂量苯甲酸和 /或苯甲酸钠与小剂量 的脱氢乙酸和 /或其钠盐、 和 /或丙酸和 /或其盐、 和 /或山梨酸和 / 或其盐相联合作为活性成分, 在阴道 pH 值为 4. 1 或以下时 (如 pH3. 8-4. 1 )对阴道真菌抑制作用较强, 当阴道 pH为 3. 8以下、 特 别是当 pH为 3. 5或以下时不但对阴道真菌抑制作用更强,而且对乳 酸杆菌产酸也有显著抑制作用, 因而既能抑制阴道真菌, 又对过度 产酸的阴道致病性乳酸杆菌具有抑制作用, 特别适用于维护阴道微 生态平衡, 适用于制备预防和 /或治疗真菌性阴道炎的药物、 和 /或 制备预防和 /或治疗致病性乳酸杆菌引起的细胞溶解性阴道病和乳 酸杆菌性阴道病的药物, 和 /或制备各种阴道微生态调节药物、 和 / 或阴道微生态护理用品、 和 /或阴道清洁用品与卫生用品等。
在本发明的实施方案中,所述组合物可以用作用于阴道施用的 阴道微生态调节剂、 微生物调节剂、 药品、 消毒剂、 抗菌剂、 抑菌 剂、 黏膜表面杀微生物剂、 或一次性使用医疗用品, 或者为用于阴 道的消毒器械、 医疗器械、 或药物器械等的组成部分, 或者为用于 阴道的卫生用品、 化妆品、 微生态护理品、 清洁护理品、 除异味剂、 润滑剂、 湿润剂、 或洗剂。 在本发明的实施方案中, 所述组合物包 括但不限于下列阴道用剂型: 溶液剂、软膏剂(优选水溶性胶体剂和 乳剂型软膏剂)、 泡腾片剂、 胶嚢剂、 微嚢剂、 栓剂或片剂, 或为用 于阴道的消毒器械、 或医疗器械、 或药物器械等的组成部分; 优选 水溶性胶体剂、 胶嚢剂、 片剂、 或水溶液剂。
根据本发明的技术方案,优选单位施用剂量或者每单位剂型组 合物中各个组分的含量如下:所述苯甲酸和 /或其钠盐的总用量以苯 甲酸钠计为含有 0. 25 ~ 10毫克,优选 0. 5 ~ 6. 25毫克; 选自下组的 有机酸防腐剂或其盐:脱氢乙酸和 /或脱氢乙酸钠的总用量以脱氢乙 酸钠计为每单位剂型含有 0. 025 ~ 2. 5毫克,优选 0. 05 - 1. 25毫克; 丙酸和 /或其盐的总用量以丙酸钠计为每单位剂型含有 0. 5 - 50 毫 克,优选 1. 0 ~ 25毫克; 山梨酸和 /或其盐的总用量以山梨酸钠计为 每单位剂型含有 0. 05 ~ 5毫克, 优选 0. 1 ~ 2. 5毫克; 其制备工艺、 方法和辅料的选择, 都是本领域普通技术人员可以根据本发明的 公开内容结合其背景知识可以想见的。
根据本发明的技术方案, 当其中所述组合物的剂型为溶液剂、 或软膏剂(优选水溶性胶体剂和乳剂型软膏剂)时, 其中所述苯曱酸 和 /或苯曱酸钠的总含量以苯曱酸钠计为 0. 025 ~ 0. 2% (w/v) , 优 选 0. 05 ~ 0. 125% (w/v); 选自下组的有机酸防腐剂或其盐:脱氢乙 酸和 /或其钠盐的总含量以脱氢乙酸钠计为 0. 0025 ~ 0. 05% ( w/v ), 优选为 0. 005 ~ 0. 025% (w/v) ; 丙酸和 /或其盐的总含量以丙酸钠计 为 0. 05 ~ 1. 0% (w/v),优选为 0. 1 ~ 0. 5% (w/v); 山梨酸和 /或其盐的 总浓度以山梨酸钠计为 0. 005 ~ 0. l% (w/v), 优选为 0. 01 ~ 0. 05% (w/v) ; 其制备工艺、 方法和辅料的选择, 都是本领域普通 技术人员可以根据本发明的公开内容结合其背景知识可以想见 的。
例如, 在制备胶体组合物时,优选采用水溶性胶状基质, 最优选 黄原胶,可按本领域技术人员已知的方法例如下述工艺流程制备:按 比例定量取苯曱酸钠,与选自下组的有机酸防腐剂或其盐:脱氢乙酸 和 /或其钠盐、 丙酸和 /或其盐、 山梨酸和 /或其盐;、 以及黄原胶, 混匀, 定量加蒸熘水, 搅拌, 各组分溶解、 黄原胶溶胀呈均勾胶体; 用酸和 /或碱调组合物 pH值至预设值。 可进一步做灭菌处理, 灭菌 可选择如下工艺: 辐射灭菌, 高温灭菌(例如采用 115. 6° (、 15 - 20 分钟; 或者 100° (:、 30分钟灭菌), 间歇灭菌(如先 80。C、 30分钟处 理, 然后置 36DC、 5 ~ 10小时, 再 80。C、 30处理, 再置 36。C、 5 - 10 小时, 最后再 80° (、 30分钟处理), 或将苯曱酸和 /或其钠盐等组分 单独配制成溶液后滤过除菌,再添加到经灭菌的水溶性胶状基质中。
例如, 当制备溶液剂时, 可将除水溶性胶状基质以外的上述各 组分混勾, 加水, 溶解各组分, 灭菌, 备用; 可用棉球或棉条浸湿 用于阴道施用, 或做成阴道洗剂。
当制备阴道片时, 可按本领域技术人员已知的方法, 例如在 奚念朱、 顾学裘主编的《药剂学》中介绍的方法【9】, 将定量的苯 甲酸和 /或其钠盐, 与有机酸防腐剂或其盐, 以及填充辅料混合均 匀, 直接压片, 即得片剂; 亦可加入辅料成分, 如硬脂酸镁等润 滑剂或羧曱基淀粉钠等崩解剂, 混合均匀, 压片。 还可将制备好 的片剂分装于给药器械、 或消毒器械、 或医疗器械、 或药物器械 中。
当制备阴道栓剂时, 可按本领域技术人员已知的方法例如下 述工艺流程制备【1°】: 定量取苯甲酸和 /或其钠盐, 与选自下组的 有机酸防腐剂或其盐:脱氢乙酸和 /或其钠盐、 丙酸和 /或其盐、 山梨 酸和 /或其盐, 以及吐温 80, 混合研匀, 加热至 50°C左右; 另将 混合脂肪酸甘油酯 (亦称固体脂肪, Sol id Fat )加热至 60°C熔 化; 然后将苯甲酸和 /或其钠盐与有机酸防腐剂或其盐与吐温 80 的混合液加入熔化的基质中, 边加入边搅拌, 待混勾后, 于 40°C 左右 (即凝固前) 倾入模具中, 稍冷后刮模, 冷却, 脱模, 即得 阴道栓。栓剂的基质优选为混合脂肪酸甘油酯、硬脂酸丙二醇酯、 甘油明胶、 吐温 -61等,更优选混合脂肪酸甘油酯。 大量生产可釆 用自动化、 机械化装置。 还可将制备好的栓剂分装于给药器械、 或消毒器械、 或医疗器械、 或药物器械中。
当制备水溶性胶体剂时, 需选用非流动性、 粘性、 水溶性胶体 基质, 该基质使组合物与阴道粘膜均匀接触并停留较长时间从而发 挥作用。 该水溶性胶体基质的选择和使用方法在本领域普通技术人 员的知识范围之内, 根据本发明, 优选该基质为黄原胶、 或聚卡波 菲(Po lycarbophi 1), 更优选黄原胶。
当制备水溶性胶体剂或溶液剂时,可以用常用的酸或碱将 pH值 范围调至为 3. 5 ~ 6. 5的范围, 特别是 4. 0 ~ 5. 5的范围。 调节组合 物 pH值的酸或碱的种类和浓度的选择,在本领域普通技术人员的知 识范围以内。 优选盐酸、 磷酸、 氢氧化钠。
用于本发明的有机酸防腐剂或其盐溶于水后, 呈未电离的分子 或电离的离子, 二者间的比例,取决于溶液的 pH值和该有机酸的电 离常数 PKa值: 当 pH=PKa时, 有机酸分子与有机酸根离子各占 50%; 当 pH>PKa时, 有机酸根离子多于有机酸分子; 而当 pH<PKa时, 未电 离的有机酸分子多于有机酸根离子。 可见, 有机酸防腐剂与其盐在 水中溶解后均为有机酸分子或有机酸根离子, 二者并没有本盾性区 别。
有机酸防腐剂的抑菌作用,与未电离的有机酸分子的浓度有关, 浓度越高, 则抑菌作用越强。 本发明的组合物用于阴道后, 阴道分 泌物 pH值越低, 则阴道内的有机酸分子浓度就越高, 其对阴道中的 真菌和致病性乳酸杆菌的抑制作用也越强。
在本发明中,特定低剂量范围的苯曱酸和 /或其钠盐与有机酸防 腐剂配伍, 具有选择性抑制阴道真菌和 /或致病性乳酸杆菌的特点, 对阴道正常乳酸杆菌的抑制作用较弱, 其还可以进一步与作为活性 成分的氨基酸配伍制备成可调节阴道乳酸杆菌代谢、 减少产酸的组 合物,其中苯曱酸和 /或其钠盐与有机酸防腐剂配伍可选择性地抑制 致病性乳酸杆菌产酸, 增强氨基酸对乳酸杆菌代谢产酸的调节抑制 作用。因而所述组合物适用于预防和 /或治疗因致病性乳酸杆菌过度 产酸、 阴道酸度过强的疾病, 如真菌性阴道炎、 或细胞溶解性阴道 病、 或乳酸杆菌阴道病。
在本发明的组合物中, 可进一步加入一种或多种选自下组的氨 基酸和 /或其盐: 谷氨酸、 谷氨酰胺、 天冬氨酸、 天冬氨酰胺、 异亮 氨酸、 苯丙氨酸、 頡氨酸、 亮氨酸、 脯氨酸、 苏氨酸或它们的混合 物; 优选谷氨酸、 天冬氨酸或它们的混合物; 其中所述氨基酸的用 量, 为使组合物的每单位施用剂量或每单次剂量包装(单位剂型) 如一粒片剂、 一粒栓剂、 或一支单次剂量包装的软膏等的氨基酸总 含量为 0. 03 ~ 1. 75画 1, 优选 0. 08 ~ 1睡1。
根据本发明的技术方案,特定低剂量范围的苯甲酸和 /或其钠盐 与有机酸防腐剂配伍,具有选择性抑制阴道真菌和 /或致病性乳酸杆 菌的特点, 对阴道正常乳酸杆菌的抑制作用较弱。 其还可以进一步 与作为活性成分的糖配伍制备成可促进阴道正常乳酸杆菌生长和产 酸的组合物, 其中苯曱酸与有机酸防腐剂配伍可防止乳酸杆菌因受 含糖组合物的作用而过度代谢产酸, 因而可显著降低使用含糖组合 物后继发的阴道酸度过强、 以及继发的真菌过度生长和真菌感染等 不良副反应的发生率。含有苯甲酸和 /或其钠盐与有机酸防腐剂、糖 的组合物适用于预防和 /或治疗乳酸杆菌减少和阴道酸度减弱的疾 病, 如细菌性阴道病、 阴道菌群失调、 和老年性阴道炎等。
根据本发明的组合物, 可选择性地含有一种或多种选自下组的 糖: 葡萄糖、 果糖、 甘露糖、 蔗糖、 麦芽糖、 异麦芽糖、 海藻糖、 纤维二糖、 蜜二糖、 棉子糖、 潘糖、 麦芽寡糖、 低聚果糖、 糊精、 淀粉、 糖原或它们的混合物; 优选的糖为葡萄 、 果糖、 甘露糖、 蔗糖、 麦芽糖、 海藻糖、 或它们的混合物。 其中所述糖的总用量为 使组合物的每单位施用剂量或每单次剂量包装(单位剂型)如一粒 片剂、一粒栓剂、或一支单次剂量包装的软膏等的糖的总含量为 1 ~ 750毫克, 优选 60 ~ 600毫克。
根据本发明的组合物,可选择性地含有低剂量抗菌药物曱硝唑 或替硝唑, 其中所述甲硝唑或替硝唑的含量为使组合物的每单位 施用剂量或每单次剂量包装(单位剂型)如一粒片剂、 一粒栓剂、 或一支单次剂量包装的软膏等的甲硝唑和 /或替硝唑总含量为 0. 001 ~ 0. 5毫克, 优选 0. 01 ~ 0. 25 毫克。 该浓度范围的甲硝唑 或替硝唑对乳酸杆菌的抗菌活性较弱,对厌氧菌的抑制活性较强; 可对厌氧菌产生抑制作用, 又避免抑制乳酸杆菌, 因而特别有助 于乳酸杆菌恢复为阴道优势菌群。因而含低剂量曱硝唑或替硝唑的 本发明组合物, 具有护理和 /或调节阴道微生态、 抗真菌、 抗厌氧细 菌和维护阴道微生态平衡的作用。
根据本发明的组合物, 可选择性地含有雌激素的, 所述组合物 还可用于预防和 /或治疗老年性阴道炎,其中所述雌激素的含量为使 组合物的每单位给药剂量或每单次剂量包装(单位剂型)如一粒片 剂、 一粒栓剂、 或一支单次剂量包装的软膏等含有总量为 0. 01 ~ 3 毫克的一种或多种选自下组的雌激素类药物: 己烯雌酚、 雌二醇、 雌三醇; 优选雌三醇。
本发明还提供一种用于阴道的软膏剂(优选水溶性胶体剂和乳 剂型软膏剂) 、 或溶液剂组合物, 其特征在于:
( 1 )含有作为活性成分的苯曱酸和 /或其钠盐, 其总浓度以苯 甲酸钠计为 0. 025 ~ 0. 2% (w/v) , 优选 0. 05 ~ 0. 125% (w/v); (2)含有作为活性成分的脱氢乙酸和 /或其钠盐、 和 /或丙酸 和 /或其盐、 和 /或山梨酸和 /或其盐; 其中所述脱氢乙酸和 /或其钠 盐的总浓度以脱氢乙酸钠计为 0.0025 ~ 0.05°/。 (w/v) , 优选为 0.005 - 0.025% (w/v); 丙酸和 /或其盐的总浓度以丙酸钠计为 0.05 ~ 1.0% (w/v), 优选为 0.1 ~ 0.5% (w/v); 山梨酸和 /或其盐的总 浓度以山梨酸钠计为 0.005 ~ 0. l%(w/v) , 优选为 0.01 ~ 0.05% (w/v);
( 3)含有乳剂型软膏基质、 或水溶性胶体基质、 或水; 优选非 ¾ 动4生、 粘' 1"生、 7 漆 'I1生胶体基质(water-soluble unguent bases); 特别优选黄原胶;
(4)组合物 pH值为 3·5~6·5, 优选 4.0 ~ 5.5。
所述组合物可采用多种方式包装, 包括但不限于单次剂量、 无 菌、 密封包装, 或包装于阴道用器械中, 或包装于一次性阴道施 用器中; 优选单次剂量、 无菌、 密封包装。
根据本发明的软膏剂或溶液剂组合物优选为非流动性、 粘性、 水溶性胶体剂型的组合物。其中所述组合物还可选择性地含有总浓 度为 30 - 350ramol/L的一种或多种选自下组的氨基酸和 /或其盐:谷 氨酸、 谷氨酰胺、 天冬氨酸、 天冬氨酰胺、 异亮氨酸、 苯丙氨酸、 頡氨酸、 亮氨酸、 脯氨酸 、 苏氨酸或它们的混合物; 优选谷氨酸、 天冬氨酸或它们的混合物; 优选的氨基酸总浓度为 80~ 200mmol/L。
根据本发明的软膏剂或溶液剂组合物, 其中所述组合物还可选 择性性地含有总浓度为 0.1~15% (w/v) 的一种或多种选自下组的 糖: 葡萄糖、 果糖、 甘露糖、 蔗糖、 麦芽糖、 异麦芽糖、 海藻糖、 纤维二糖、 蜜二糖、 棉子糖、 潘糖、 麦芽寡糖、 低聚果糖、 糊精、 淀粉、 糖原或它们的混合物; 优选的糖为葡萄糖、 果糖、 甘露糖、 蔗糖、 麦芽糖、 海藻糖或它们的混合物; 优选的糖总浓度为 6. 0 ~ 12% ( w/v ) 。
根据本发明的软膏剂或溶液剂组合物, 其中所述组合物还可选 择性地含有总浓度为 0. 1 ~ 10 亳克% (w/v)的甲硝唑或替硝唑, 优 选 1 ~ 5毫克% ( w/v ) 的甲硝唑或替硝唑。
根据本发明的软膏剂或溶液剂组合物, 其中所述组合物还可 选择性地含有总浓度为 Q. 001 ~ 0. 06% ( w/v ) 的一种或多种选自 下组的雌激素类物质: 己烯雌酚、 雌二醇、 雌三醇; 优选雌三醇。
本发明的软膏剂或溶液剂组合物可釆用多种方式包装, 包括但 不限于单次剂量无菌密封包装, 或包装于阴道用器械如阴道用消 毒器械、 或阴道用医疗器械、 或阴道用药物器械中, 或包装于一 次性阴道施用器或给药器械中; 优选单次剂量无菌密封包装, 可 釆用本领域技术人员熟悉的无菌工艺技术, 将经过灭菌或无菌化处 理的组合物分装、 密封于无菌包装中, 或将制备好的组合物分装、 密封好后进行灭菌处理, 或将制备好的组合物分装于一次性阴道施 用器中, 或包装于阴道用器械如阴道用医疗器械中, 用外包装袋密 封后再进行辐射灭菌等。
本发明还特别涉及一种促进阴道正常乳酸杆菌、和 /或维护阴道 正常酸度、和 /或抑制阴道真菌、和 /或阴道致病性乳酸杆菌的方法, 其中包括于有此需要的妇女阴道内给予有效量的根据本发明的制备 用途制备的阴道用组合物。
自 60多年前青霉素成功应用于临床治疗以来,临床治疗学上 一直要求抗微生物治疗应使用大剂量抗菌药物、 彻底杀灭或彻底 抑制致病性微生物。 本发明人经过多年的研究与临床实践, 发现 这种治疗方法虽然可快速杀灭或抑制病原菌, 但同时对人体正常 菌群的破坏性也很大, 导致一系列不良反应, 如定植抗力破坏、 耐药菌定植、 二重感染, 等等。 经长期严谨而细致的研究和实践, 本发明人最终放弃 "彻底杀灭" 或 "彻底抑制" 病原微生物的策 略, 发明了独特的 "低剂量、 有限度、 选择性" 的抗微生物方法, 可在不显著抑制或破坏阴道正常乳酸杆菌的前提下, 选择性地抑 制阴道真菌和 /或阴道致病性乳酸杆菌、 和 /或抑制其它阴道致病 性微生物, 降低其繁殖速率、 减少其数量, 保护和 /或促进阴道正 常乳酸杆菌生长, 使其恢复成为阴道优势菌群, 使阴道酸度恢复 正常范围。
如关于治疗用途的有机酸防腐剂, 本专业领域所熟知的常识是 需要使用大剂量, 如用于抑制阴道真菌和革兰阳性球菌、 治疗阴道 不适的丙酸盐其常规用量每次可达 2. 3克、 浓度高达 20%【11】。 而根 据本发明的方法, 其中所述有机酸防腐剂的用量很低, 仅与其用于 食品或药品防腐时的剂量相当,如根据本发明的方法丙酸钠的每次 用量最多为 50毫克, 二者相差近 50倍!
根据本发明的技术方案, 将所述组合物施用于有此需要的女性 阴道内, 如用给药器将本发明的凝胶剂型的组合物施用于阴道内, 或用棉条或棉球或阴道塞浸湿溶液剂型的本发明的组合物后放置于 阴道内,或将栓剂或片剂剂型的本发明的组合物直接施用于阴道内, 每日可用 1 ~ 3次, 每个疗程为 3- 10天, 优选 4-7天; 治疗过程中 应观察病人症状的变化并检测阴道 pH值的变化,病人症状显著改善 或消失, 阴道 pH值保持在 3. 8 ~ 4. 1范围, 即可停药或减量。
本发明的方法艮好地解决了如何在有效地抗阴道真菌、 抑制阴 道致病性乳酸杆菌过度产酸的同时, 保护阴道微生态生理功能、 避 免破坏正常阴道生理性乳酸杆菌群这一难题。根据本发明的预防和 / 或治疗阴道微生物疾病的方法, 其中所述阴道微生物疾病为真菌性 阴道炎, 或细胞溶解性阴道病, 或乳酸杆菌性阴道病, 或细菌性阴 道病, 或阴道菌群失调, 或老年性阴道炎; 其中所述方法包括向有 此需要的女性的阴道内给予有效量的根据本发明的制备用途制备的 任一组合物。
才艮据本发明的方法, 可以消除或减轻阴道外阴瘙痒、 疼痛、 或 性交痛等不适感、 或改善白带性状、 或消除白带嗅味、 或清洁护理 阴道、 或护理和 /或调节阴道微生态, 所述方法包括向有此需要的女 性的阴道内给予有效量的根据本发明的组合物。 具体实施方式
组合物实施例
实施例 1 :
将苯曱酸钠 0. 1克、脱氢乙酸钠 0. 0075克、黄原胶 2· 5克混匀, 加入蒸熘水 100毫升, 搅拌, 使苯甲酸钠与脱氢乙酸钠溶解、 黄原 胶溶胀呈均匀粘性胶状; 调溶液的 pH至 5. 0, 再 115. 6°C、 15分钟 灭菌, 即得本发明的水溶性胶体组合物。
实施例 2:
按下述配比称取原料, 基本按实施例 1的方法制备了 100毫升 组合物。
苯曱酸钠 0. 2% ( w/v )
脱氢乙酸钠 0. 005% (W/V)
葡萄糖 1. 5% ( w/v )
黄原胶 2. 5% ( w/v )
蒸馏水 100毫升 pH 5.0
实施例 3:
按下述配比称取原料 基本按实施例 1的方法制备了 100毫升 组合物。
苯甲酸钠 0.025% (w/v)
脱氢乙酸钠 0.05% (w/v)
海藻糖 9.0% (w/v)
黄原胶 2.0% ( w/v )
蒸馏水 100毫升
pH 5.5
实施例 4
按下述配比称取原料 基本按实施例 1的方法制备了 100毫升 组合物。
苯曱酸钠 0.1% (w/v)
脱氢乙酸钠 0.005% (w/v)
麦芽糖 9% ( w/v )
黄原胶 2.5% (w/v)
蒸馏水 100毫升
PH 5.0
实施例 5:
按下述配比称取原料 基本按实施例 1的方法制备了 100毫升 组合物。
苯甲酸钠 0.1% (w/v)
脱氢乙酸钠 0.0125% (W/V)
黄原胶 2.5% (w/v)
蒸馏水 100毫升 PH 4.5
实施例 6:
按下述配比称取原料: 基本按实施例 1的方法制备了 100亳升 组合物。
苯曱酸钠 0.1% (w/v)
脱氢乙酸钠 0.0125% (W/V)
谷氨酸 5 Ommol
天冬氨酸 3 Ommol
黄原胶 2.5% (w/v)
蒸馏水 100亳升
PH
实施例 7:
按下述配比称取原料, 基本按实施例 1的方法制备了 100毫升 组合物。
苯曱酸钠 0.1% (w/v)
山梨酸 0.0125% (w/v)
黄原胶 2.5% (w/v)
蒸馏水 100毫升
PH 4.5
实施例 8:
按下述配比称取原料, 基本按实施例 1的方法制备了 100毫升 组合物。
苯曱酸钠 0.2克, 丙酸钠 0.125克;
谷氨酸 3. Ommol, 谷氨酰胺 3. Ommol, 天冬氨酸 3. Ommol, 天冬 酰胺 3. Ommol, 异亮氨酸 3. Ommol, 蛋氨酸 3. Ommol, 苯丙氨酸 3. Ommol, 頡氨酸 3. Ommol, 亮氨酸 3. Ommol, 脯氨酸 3. Ommol 黄原胶 2.5克, 蒸馏水 100亳升, pH调至 4.5
实施例 9
按下述配比称取原料, 基本按实施例 1的方法制备了 100毫升 组合物。
苯曱酸钠 0.1% (w/v)
丙酸钠 0.125% ( w/v )
黄原胶 2.5% (w/v)
蒸馏水 100毫升
PH 4.5
实施例 10
按本领域常规的方法, 制备每片含苯甲酸钠 6.25亳克、脱氢 乙酸钠 1.25毫克、 硬脂酸镁 5毫克、 25亳克羧曱基淀粉钠、 微晶 纤维素 462.5毫克的片剂。 可将以上各成分按比例混匀, 直接压片 即可。
实施例 11
按本领域常规的方法, 制备每粒含苯甲酸钠 6.25亳克、 脱氢 乙酸钠 1.25毫克、 14毫克吐温 -80、 固体脂肪 478.5亳克的阴道栓 剂。
实施例 12
按本领域常规的方法, 制备如下溶液剂:
苯曱酸钠 0.2% (w/v)
丙酸钠 1.0% (W/V)
pH 4.5
实脸实施例
实驗实施例一
1、 实验目的: 观察本发明的防腐剂配伍组合物对阴道假丝酵母 菌的协同抑制作用。 试验中所述溶液除非另有说明均为水溶液。
2、 实验方法:
( 1 )试验材料:
a) . 试验菌株: 假丝酵母菌 11株, 均筛选自真菌性阴道炎患 者的临床分离菌株, 且均能在含 0.025% (w/v)苯甲酸钠的增菌液 中升长。
b) . 增菌液: 1%酵母浸出粉, 9%蔗糖, 0.025%硫酸锰 (MnS04.4H20 ), 0.058%硫酸镁 (MgS04.7H20), 0.9%乳酸, 调 pH值 至 4.5, 灭菌备用;
(2)试验分组: 严格按无菌技术要求, 配制下述各组无菌试验管: a) 苯甲酸钠组: 5毫升增菌:^试验管 1支, 添加 0.025% (w/v) 苯甲酸钠;
b) 苯曱酸钠 +脱氢乙酸钠组: 5毫升增菌液试验管 6支, 其中 3 支分别添加 0, 0025% (w/v), 0.005% (w/v), 0.01% (w/v) 的脱氢乙酸钠; 其余 3支均添加 0.025% (w/v)的苯曱酸钠, 再分别添加 0.0025% (w/v ), 0.005% (w/v), 0.01% (w/v) 的脱氢乙酸钠;
c) 苯曱酸钠 +丙酸钠组: 5亳升增菌液试管 6支, 其中 3支分别 添加 0.0625% (w/v ), 0.125% (w/v), 0.25% ( w/v ) 的丙酸 钠; 其余 3支均添加 0.025% (w/v) 的苯曱酸钠, 再分别添 加 0.0625% (w/v), 0.125% (w/v), 0.25% ( w/v )的丙酸钠; d) 苯曱酸钠 +山梨酸钟组: 5毫升增菌液试管 6支, 其中 3支分 别添加 0.00625% (w/v ), 0.0125% (w/v), 0.025% (w/v)的 山梨酸钾; 其余 3支均添加 0.025% (w/v)苯曱酸钠, 再分 别添加 0, 00625% (w/v ), 0.0125% (w/v), 0.025% (w/v)的 山梨酸钾;
e) 苯曱酸钠 +尼泊金乙酯: 5毫升增菌液试验管 6支, 其中 3支 分别添加 0.0125% (w/v), 0.025% (w/v) , 0.05% (w/v) 的尼泊金乙酯; 其余 3支均添加 0.025% (w/v)苯甲酸钠, 再分别添加 0.0125% (w/v), 0.025% (w/v) , 0.05% (w/v) 的尼泊金乙酯;
f) 阳性对照: 含假丝酵母菌, 但不含苯曱酸钠、 脱氢乙酸钠、 丙酸钠、 山梨酸、 或尼泊金乙酯的增菌液试验管。
g) 阴性对照: 为不含假丝酵母菌、 苯甲酸钠、 脱氢乙酸钠、 丙 酸钠、 山梨酸、 或尼泊金乙酯的增菌液试验管;
( 3)试验方法:
严格无菌操作技术下制备菌液, 将各株假丝酵母菌菌落分别用 生理盐水稀释, 浊度仪调浊度至 0.5M (约 108CFU/ml), 然后分别吸 取 1ml 0.5M的菌液加入到增菌液 9ml 中, 稀释十倍, 使菌液含菌 107CFU/mlo
严格无菌操作技术下吸取上述配备好的菌液 100 μ 1, 分别加入 到前述 a ~ f的各实验管和阳性对照管中,阴性对照管 g中不加菌液。
将上述各试管放置 37.5。C生化培养箱中培养, 于 72小时观察、 记录各试管溶液的浊度变化。
3、 结果:
( 1 )苯曱酸钠对假丝酵母菌的抑制作用: 0.025% ( w/v )苯甲酸 钠单独不能抑制各试验菌株的生长, 培养后所有试猃菌株(11/11 ) 均有生长, 各试验管均变浑浊, 涂片染色镜检为假丝酵母菌孢子。
( 2)协同作用: 苯曱酸钠 0.025%(w/v)与各防腐剂配伍后, 对 假丝酵母菌的抑制效应具体如下:
①脱氢乙酸钠对假丝酵母菌的抑制作用: 如表 1所示, 随脱氢 乙酸钠浓度增高, 其对假丝酵母菌的抑制作用增强。 0.0025% (w/v) 脱氢乙酸钠的试管中, 11株菌中 10株生长, 在 0.01% (w/v)脱氢乙 酸钠的试管中, 11株假丝酵母菌中 7株生长; 在含 0.025 (w/v) 苯 甲酸钠和 0.0025% (w/v)脱氢乙酸钠的试管中, 11株假丝酵母菌中 9株菌生长; 在含 0.025% (w/v)苯甲酸钠和 0· 01% (w/v)脱氢乙 酸钠的试验管中, 11株假丝酵母菌中 3株生长;
②丙酸钠对假丝酵母菌的抑制作用: 在含 0.0625% (w/v) 丙酸 钠的试管中, 11株菌全部生长, 在含 0.25%(w/v) 丙酸钠的试验管 中, 11株假丝酵母菌中 5株生长; 在含 0.025%(w/v) 苯甲酸钠和 0.0625% (w/v)丙酸钠的试验管中, 11支株假丝酵母菌中 8株生长, 在含 0.025°/。苯甲酸钠 (w/v)和 0.25% (w/v) 丙酸钠的试管中, 11 株菌均无生长;
③山梨酸钟对假丝酵母菌的抑制作用: 在含 0.00625% (w/v) 山梨酸钟的试管中, 11株菌中 10株生长, 在含 0.025%(w/v) 山梨 酸钟的试验管中, 11株假丝酵母菌中 9株生长;在含 0.025 (w/v) 苯 甲酸钠和 0.00625% (w/v) 山梨酸的试验管中, 11株假丝酵母菌中 8株菌生长, 在含 0.025% (w/v)苯曱酸钠和 0.025% (w/v) 山梨酸 钾的试管中, 11株菌中 5株生长。
④尼泊金乙酯对假丝酵母菌的抑制作用: 在含 0.0125% (w/v) 尼泊金乙酯的试管中, 11株菌均生长, 在含 0.05% (w/v)尼泊金乙 酯的增菌液中, 11株假丝酵母菌中 8株生长; 在含 0.025% (w/v) 苯 曱酸钠和 0.0125% (w/v)尼泊金乙酯的试管中, 11株菌中 10株生 长, 在含 0.025% (w/v)苯,甲酸钠和 0.05%尼泊金乙酯的试管中, 11 株假丝酵母菌中 7株生长。
⑤不含任何有机酸防腐剂的阳性对照管均有假丝酵母菌生长, 只含增菌液、 未添加假丝酵母菌的阴性对照管均无菌生长。 4、 结论: 苯曱酸钠分别与山梨酸、 丙酸钠或脱氢乙酸钠配伍, 在 PH4.5 时对自阴道分离的假丝酵母菌株的抑制作用具有不同程度的 协同效应; 但苯曱酸钠与尼泊金乙酯的配伍对假丝酵母菌则无明显 协同效应。
表 1.苯曱酸钠与有机酸防腐剂配伍对假丝酵母菌的抑制作用 菌株 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
0.025%苯甲酸钠 + + + + + + + + + + +
0.0025¾脱氢乙酸钠 + + + + - + + + + + +
0.005%脱氢乙酸钠 + + + + - + + + - + +
0.01%脱氢乙酸钠 + - + + - + + + - + -
0.0025%脱氢乙酸钠 +0.025%苯曱酸钠 + + + + - + + + + + - 0.005%脱氢乙酸钠 +0.025%苯曱酸钠 - + + + - - + + - + - 0.01¾脱氢乙酸钠 +0.025¾笨曱酸钠 - - - + - - - + - + -
0.0625¾丙酸钠 + + + + + + + + + + +
0.125%丙酸钠 + + + + - + + + - + - 0.25%丙酸钠 - - + + - - + + - + -
0.0625%丙酸钠 +0.025%苯曱酸钠 + + + + - + + + - + - 0.125%丙酸钠 +0.025%苯曱酸钠 - - - + - - - + - + - 0.25%丙酸钠 +0.025%苯曱酸钠
0.00625¾山梨酸钟 + + + + + + + + - + +
0.0125%山梨酸钾 + - + + + + + + - + +
0.025¾山梨酸钾 + - + + + + + + - + +
0.00625%山梨酸钟 +0.025%苯曱酸钠 + - + + + - + + - + +
0.0125%山梨酸钾 +0.025%苯甲酸钠 - - + + + - + + - + - 0.025%山梨酸钾 +0.025%笨曱酸钠 - - + + - - + + - + -
0.0125%尼泊金乙酯 + + + + + + + + + + +
0.025%尼泊金乙酯 + + + + + + + + + + +
0.05%尼泊金乙酯 - + + + - + + + - + +
0.0125%尼泊金乙酯 +0.025%苯曱酸钠 + + + + - + + + + + +
0.025%尼泊金乙酯 +0.025¾苯甲酸钠 - + + + - + + + - + +
0.05¾尼泊金乙酯 +0.025%苯曱酸钠 - - + + - + + + - + + 阳性对照管 + + + + + + + + + + + 阴性对照管
注: "+": 有菌生长; "- ": 无菌生长。 实验实施例二:
1、 实验目的:观察苯曱酸钠与丙酸钠或山梨酸配伍的组合物对真 菌性阴道炎的治疗作用。试验中所述溶液除非另有说明均为水 溶液。
2、 实验分组: 按组合物实施例 1的方法, 配制含下述成分的凝胶 剂组合物, 组合物的 pH均为 4.5,
第一组: 0· 125% (w/v) 丙酸钠;
第二组: 即实施例 9的组合物: 含 0.1% (w/v )苯曱酸钠 +
0.125% (w/v) 丙酸钠;
第三组: 0.0125% (w/v) 山梨酸;
第四组: 即实施例 7的组合物: 含 0.1% (w/v)苯曱酸钠 +
0.0125% (w/v) 山梨酸;
第五组: 0.1% (w/v)苯甲酸钠;
第六组: 即实施例 5的组合物: 含 0.1%苯曱酸钠 +0.0125% 脱氢乙酸钠。
3、 实验病例: 真菌性阴道炎病例, 每组 20例, 入组标准为:有反 复发作的阴部瘙痒、 或灼痛等症状, 白带增多, 可有白色豆腐 渣样凝块,查阴道分泌物 pH<4.5, 阴道细菌以粗大革兰阳性杆 菌为主, 查见假丝酵母菌孢子和 /或菌丝。
4、 病例脱漏: 不能完成用药疗程、 不能坚持复查, 以及观察期间 使用了抗菌药物或冲洗的病例为脱漏病例, 从实验中剔除。
5、 实验方法: 入组病例阴道局部用本发明的组合物 5克, 每日两 次, 连续 5天; 其中至少由医务人员每日给药一次, 测阴道分 泌物 pH值, 做分泌物涂片染色镜检, 观察细菌数量和形态, 并进行 Nugent评分。 、 结果观察: 观察病人阴部瘙痒、 灼痛、 白带形状等变化, 阴道 分泌物 pH值, 观察阴道菌群 Nugent评分, 有无假丝酵母菌生 长。
、 实验结果: 如表 2所示:
) 第一组: 含 0. 125%丙酸钠的组合物可使患者阴道酸度减弱、 pH 升高, 假丝酵母菌检出率由 20/20降至 11/20, 阴部瘙痒、 灼痛 等不适緩解、 白带改善。
) 第二组: 含 0. 1%苯曱酸钠和 0. 125%丙酸钠的本发明的组合物可 使患者阴道 减弱、 pH升高,假丝酵母菌检出率由 20/20显著 降低至 2/20, 阴部瘙痒、 灼痛等緩解, 白带显著减少、 无豆腐渣 样凝块。
) 第三组: 含 0. 0125%山梨酸的组合物可使患者阴道酸度减弱、 pH 升高, 假丝酵母菌检出率由 20/20降至 13/20, 阴部瘙痒、 灼痛 等不适緩解。
) 第四组:含 0. 1%苯曱酸钠和 0. 0125%山梨酸的本发明的组合物可 使患者阴道 ^ L减弱、 pH升高,假丝酵母菌检出率由 20/20显著 降低至 4/20, 阴部瘙痒、 灼痛等不适緩解, 白带减少、 豆腐渣样 凝块极少。
) 第五组: 含 0. 1%苯曱酸钠的组合物可使患者阴道酸度减弱、 pH 升高, 假丝酵母菌检出率由 20/20降低至 6/20, 阴部瘙痒、 灼痛 等不适緩解, 白带减少。
) 第六组: 含 0. 0125%脱氢乙酸钠和 0. 1%苯曱酸钠的本发明的组合 物可使患者阴道^ L减弱、 pH升高, 减少酵母菌检出率由 20/20 显著降低至 1/20 , 白带减少、 无豆腐渣样凝块。
、 结论: 本发明的以苯甲酸钠与脱氢乙酸钠、 或与丙酸钠、 或与 山梨酸配伍的组合物, 可抑制阴道真菌和阴道乳酸杆菌, 适度 减弱阴道酸度, 使患者阴部瘙痒、 灼痛等不适緩解甚至消失, 对真菌性阴道炎具有治疗作用。含苯曱酸钠与脱氢乙酸钠的本 发明的组合物优于只含脱氢乙酸钠或苯曱酸钠的组合物;含苯 甲酸钠与丙酸钠的本发明组合物抑制假丝酵母菌的作用优于 只含丙酸钠或苯曱酸钠的组合物;含苯甲酸钠与山梨酸的本发 明组合物抑制假丝酵母菌的作用优于只含山梨酸或苯甲酸钠 的组合物。 表 2. 组合物对真菌性阴道炎的治疗作用
用药前 一天 二天 三天 四天 五天 结果评估
0. 125¾丙酸钠
症状改善 /消失 0/20 7/20 9/20 14/20 13/20 13/20 用组合物后症 组 pH 4. 2 - 4. 5 5/20 5/20 6/20 9/20 9/20 8/20 状改善;阴道 pH H 3. 8 - 4. 1 9/20 12/20 11/20 9/20 10/20 10/20 提高; 酵母 一 pH <3. 8 6/20 3/20 3/20 2/20 1/20 2/20 菌检出率 ^氐。
酵母菌 20/20 16/20 13/20 10/20 12/20 11/20
0. 125%丙酸钠 +
0. 1%苯曱酸钠 用组^ ^后症 症状改善 /消失 0/20 8/20 10/20 14/20 17/20 17/20 状显著改善; 阴 组 pH 4. 2 - 4. 5 4/20 5/20 7/20 10/20 10/20 11/20 道 pH提高; 假 pH 3. 8 - 4. 1 9/20 12/20 12/20 8/20 9/20 8/20 丝酵母菌检出 二 pH < 3. 8 7/20 3/20 1/20 2/20 1/20 1/20 率显著下降。
酵母菌 20/20 12/20 5/20 3/20 2/20 2/20
0. 0125%山梨酸
症状改善 /消失 0/20 6/20 12/20 11/20 13/20 12/20 用组合物后症 组 pH 4· 2 - 4. 5 6/20 6/20 7/20 8/20 8/20 7/20 状改善;阴道 pH pH 3. 8 - 4. 1 9/20 13/20 11/20 10/20 11/20 11/20 提高; 酵母 三 pH <3. 8 5/20 1/20 2/20 2/20 1/20 2/20 菌检出率降低。
酵母菌 20/20 15/20 15/20 13/20 14/20 13/20
0. 0125%山梨酸 +
.0. 154苯曱酸納 用组合物后症 症状改善 /消失 0/20 8/20 9/20 17/20 14/20 16/20 状显著改善; 阴 组 pH 4. 2 - 4. 5 5/20 7/20 9/20 11/20 10/20 10/20 道 pH提高; 假 pH 3. 8 - 4. 1 9/20 11/20 10/20 9/20 9/20 9/20 丝酵母菌检出 四 pH <3. 8 6/20 2/20 1/20 0/20 1/20 1/20 率显著 氐。
酵母菌 20/20 15/20 8/20 5/20 3/20 4/20 0. 1¾苯甲酸钠
症状改善 /消失 0/20 7/20 9/20 14/20 15/20 15/20 用组合物后症 组 pH 4. 2 - 4. 5 4/20 ' 6/20 9/20 9/20 9/20 10/20 状改善;阴道 pH pH 3. 8 - 4. 1 10/20 12/20 10/20 9/20 10/20 9/20 提高; 酵母 五 pH <3. 8 6/20 2/20 1/20 2/20 1/20 1/20 菌检出率 ^氐。
酵母菌 20/20 15/20 13/20 9/20 5/20 6/20
0. 0125%脱氢乙酸钠 +
0. 1¾苯曱酸钠 用组^ ^后症 组 症状改善 /消失 0/20 8/20 12/20 17/20 18/20 18/20 状显著改善; 阴 pH 4. 2 - 4. 5 6/20 7/20 10/20 12/20 13/20 11/20 道 pH提高; 假 六 pH 3. 8 ~ 4. 1 9/20 12/20 10/20 8/20 7/20 9/20 丝酵母菌显著 pH <3. 8 5/20 1/20 0/20 0/20 0/20 0/20 减少。
酵母菌 20/20 15/20 9/20 6/20 3/20 1/20
注: 症状改善 /消失: 指阴部瘙痒、 灼痛等不适显著改善或消失, 白带减少、 豆腐渣样凝块极少 或无'
阴道正常 pH范围为 3. 5 - 4. 5 , 优选 3. 8 ~ 4. 1 , 低于 3. 8为酸度过度增强。
阴道假丝酵母菌: 正常为阴性。 实验实施例三:
、 实验目的: 观察苯曱酸钠、 有机酸防腐剂和糖配伍的组合物对细菌 性阴道病的治疗作用。 试验中所述溶液除非另有说明均为水溶液。 、 实验药物: 基本按制剂实施例 1的方法, 配制 pH为 5. 0的下述组合 物:
组一: 9% (w/v)麦芽糖;
组二: 9% (w/v)麦芽糖 +0. 5% (w/v)苯曱酸钠;
组三: 9% (w/v)麦芽糖 +0. 2% (w/v)苯甲酸钠;
组四: 9% (w/v)麦芽糖 +0. 1% (w/v)苯甲酸钠;
组五:即实施例 4的组合物, 含 9% (w/v)麦芽糖 +0. 1% (w/v)苯甲 酸钠 +0. 005°/。(w/v)脱氢乙酸钠;
组六: 0. 1% (w/v)苯曱酸钠 +0. 005% (w/v)脱氢乙酸钠;
组七: 9% (w/v)麦芽糖 +0. 1% (w/v)苯甲酸钠 +0. 1% (w/v)丙酸钠; 组八: 9% (w/v)麦芽糖 +0. 1% (w/v)苯曱酸钠 +0. 0125% (w/v)山梨 、 实验病例: 选取细菌性阴道病病例, 其中组六入组 10例; 其余各组 按 16例入组, 纳入标准如下,
( 1 )有临床症状: 白带异常, 可伴有阴部瘙痒、 白带鱼腥嗅味、 疼痛或 性交痛等不适;
( 2 ) 阴道分泌物涂片染色镜检: 可见大量形态各异的细菌, 以多种革兰 阴性杆菌、 球菌和革兰阳性球菌为主, 但未见或偶见粗大革兰阳性 杆菌, Nugent评分 >7分;
( 3 ) 阴道分泌物 pH>4. 6;
( 4 ) 阴道分泌物镜检, 白细胞 /脓细胞 <10个 /高倍视野;
( 5 ) 2周内未用过抗菌治疗。
、 病例脱漏: 未坚持按标准完成用药, 或用药过程中使用了抗菌 /抗真 菌药物, 均从实验中剔除。
、 实验方法: 入组病例阴道局部用本发明的组合物, 每次 5克、 每日 两次, 连续五天; 其中至少由医务人员每日给药一次, 测阴道分泌 物 pH值, 做分泌物涂片染色镜检, 观察细菌数量和形态, 并进行 Nugent评分, 3分或以下为正常菌群, 4 ~ 6分为中间型 BV, 7分或 以上为典型 BV。
、 结果观察: 剔除脱漏病例, 观察病人白带异常、 鱼腥样嗅味、 阴部 瘙痒等症状变化, 阴道分泌物 pH值是否低于 4. 5, 阴道菌群 Nugent 评分是否为 3分或以下; 以及有无假丝酵母菌生长。
、 实验结果: 如表 3所示, 可见,
组一:单纯含麦芽糖的组合物对乳酸杆菌生长的促进作用很强,使用 后阴道乳酸杆菌快速恢复, 13/14的病例其阴道菌群 Nugent评分≤3 分; 阴道酸度快速下降,部分病例( 5/14 )阴道 pH降低至 3. 8以下; 真菌过度生长的病例很高(9/14 )。 用组合物 2天, 患者阴部瘙痒显 著减轻, 白带减少、 嗅味消失, 但用组合物三天后部分病例再出现 阴部瘙痒等不适。
组二:含麦芽糖和 0. 5%苯曱酸钠的组合物对阴道真菌抑制作用较强, 使用后未见阴道真菌过度生长的病例; 但其对阴道乳酸杆菌生长和 产酸的抑制作用也较强, 阴道菌群和阴道酸度恢复不满意, 7/15的 病例其阴道菌群 Nugent评分≤3分。
组三:含麦芽糖和 0. 2%苯曱酸钠的组合物对阴道真菌的抑制作用也 较强, 使用后真菌过度生长的发生率较低(2/15 ); 但阴道乳酸杆菌 的恢复不够理想, 10/15的病例其阴道菌群 Nugent评分≤3分。
组四:含麦芽糖和 0. 1 %苯甲酸钠的组合物对阴道真菌的抑制作用弱, 使用后真菌过度生长的发生率较高(4/16 ); 对阴道乳酸杆菌的抑制 弱, 阴道乳酸杆菌恢复较满意, 13八 6的病例阴道菌群 Nugent评分 ≤3分。 用组合物后患者阴部瘙痒显著减轻, 白带减少、 嗅味消失。 组五:含有 0. 1%苯甲酸钠、 0. 005%脱氢乙酸钠、 和麦芽糖的本发明 的组合物对真菌的抑制作用较强, 使用后阴道真菌过度生长的发生 率很低(1 5 ); 对乳酸杆菌的抑制作用很弱, 用药 3 ~ 4天阴道乳 酸杆菌和阴道酸度可恢复, 13 5的病例其 Nugent评分≤3分。 患者 阴部瘙痒显著减轻, 白带减少、 嗅味消失。
组六:不含糖的本发明的组合物没有促进阴道乳酸杆菌生长和产酸 的作用, 使用后细菌性阴道病患者的阴道乳酸杆菌和阴道酸度很少 恢复,因而不含糖的本发明的组合物不适用于细菌性阴道病的病人。 组七:含有 0. 1%苯甲酸钠、 0. 1%丙酸钠、 和麦芽糖的本发明组合物 对阴道真菌抑制作用较强, 对阴道乳酸杆菌的抑制作用很弱; 使用 后阴道乳酸杆菌和阴道酸度均得到有效恢复, 12/15 的病例其阴道 菌群 Nugent评分≤3分; 阴道真菌过度生长的发生率艮低 ( 1 /15 )。 用组合物后患者阴部瘙痒显著减轻, 白带减少、 嗅味消失。
组八:含有 0. 1%苯曱酸钠、 0. 0125%山梨酸、 和麦芽糖的本发明的组 合物对阴道真菌抑制作用也较强, 对阴道乳酸杆菌的抑制作用弱; 使用后阴道乳酸杆菌和阴道酸度均得到有效恢复, 11/14 的病例其 阴道菌群 Nugent评分≤3分; 阴道真菌生长发生率低( 2/14 )。 用组 合物后患者阴部瘙痒显著减轻, 白带减少、 嗅味消失。
8、 结论: 可显著抑制阴道真菌生长的浓度的苯曱酸钠, 如 0.2%的 苯甲酸钠, 对阴道乳酸杆菌的抑制作用亦较强, 此浓度的苯曱酸钠 与麦芽糖联合应用治疗细菌性阴道病的疗效欠佳;苯甲酸和 /或其钠 盐与脱氢乙酸和 /或其钠盐、丙酸和 /或其盐、山梨酸和 /或其盐配伍, 对真菌抑制作用较强、 对乳酸杆菌抑制作用弱, 用更低剂量苯甲酸 钠(如 0.1%的浓度)与麦芽糖联合应用, 既可促进阴道正常乳酸杆 菌生长, 又可显著减少阴道真菌过度生长和感染, 可用于临床治疗。 表 3. 本发明的组合物对细菌性阴道病的影响
用药前 一天 二天 三天 四天 五天 备 注 糖, 不含苯曱酸钠 1例 pH仍高于 pH4.2-4.5 0/14 4/14 2/14 1/14 2/14 1/14 4, 5; 5 例 pH 组 pH3.8 -4.1 0/14 6/14 6/14 7/14 6/14 7/14 低于 3.8; 真 pH<3.8 0/14 1/14 3/14 4/14 5/14 5/14 菌生长的病例
— Nugent < 3 0/14 5/14 10/14 11/14 13/14 13/14 比例很高, 其 症状改善 /消失 0/14 10/14 11/14 13/14 10/14 7/14 症状减轻后再 假丝酵母菌 0/15 0/15 5/14 6/14 9/14 9/14 力口重.
糖 +0.5%苯甲酸钠 6例 pH仍高于 pH4.2-4.5 0/15 0/15 2/15 4/15 6/15 6/15 4.5; Nugent 组 H3.8-4.1 0/15 0/15 0/15 1/15 2/15 3/15 评分恢复均低 pH<3.8 0/15 0/15 ■0/15 0/15 0/15 0/15 于 50%; 症状 二 Nugent < 3 0/15 0/15 1/15 3/15 5/15 7/15 部分改善; 未 症状改善 /消失 0/15 7/15 6/15 9/15 8/15 11/15 见真菌生长的 假丝酵母菌 0/15 0/15 0/15 0/15 0/15 0/15 病例。
糖 +0.2¾苯曱酸钠 2例 pH仍高于 pH4.2 -4.5 0/15 3/15 2/15 5/15 5/15 6/15 4.5; Nugent 组 pH3.8 -4.1 0/15 0/15 1/15 2/15 4/15 7/15 评分恢复; 症 pH<3.8 0/15 0/15 0/15 0/15 0/15 0/15 状显著改善; 三 Nugent < 3 0/15 3/15 3/15 4/15 8/15 10/15 但出现真菌生 症状改善 /消失 0/15 10/15 11/15 12/15 13/15 13/15 长病例. 假丝酵母菌 0/15 0/15 0/15 2/15 1/15 2/15 糖 +o. iy。笨甲酸钠 2例 pH仍高于 pH4.2-4.5 0/16 2/16 5/16 4/16 3/16 2/16 4.5; 3例低于 组 pH3.8-4.1 0/16 2/16 3/16 7/16 8/16 9/16 3.8, Nugent pH<3.8 0/16 0/16 1/16 2/16 2/16 3/16 评分显著恢 四 Nugent < 3 0/16 3/16 7/16 10/16 12/16 13/16 复; 症状显著 症状改善 /消失 0/16 11/16 13/16 14/16 12/16 12/16 改善; 真菌生 假丝酵母菌 0/16 0/16 2/16 1/16 3/16 4/16 长病例较多。 糖 +0.1½苯曱酸钠 2例 pH仍高于
+0.005脱氢乙酸钠 4.5,和 Nugent pH4.2-4.5 0/15 2/15 3/15 2/15 3/15 3/15 评分显著恢
0/15 2/15 2/15 4/15 7/15 9/15 复; 症状显著 pH<3.8 0/15 0/15 0/15 1/15 1/15 1/15 改善或消失; 五 Nugent < 3 0/15 2/15 3/15 5/15 10/15 13/15 且假丝酵母菌 症状改善 /消失 0/15 9/15 10/15 13/15 14/15 14/15 病例发生率 假丝酵母菌 0/15 0/15 0/15 0/15 1/15 1/15 低,
0.1¾ 苯 曱 酸钠 + 9例 pH仍高于
0.005%脱氢乙酸钠 4.5; Nugent pH4.2-4.5 0/10 0/10 1/10 0/10 1/10 1/10 评分无显著改 组 pH3.8-4.1 0/10 0/10 0/10 1/10 0/10 0/10 善。
pH<3.8 0/10 0/10 0/10 0/10 0/10 0/10
六 Nugent < 3 0/10 0/10 0/10 0/10 1/10 1/10
症状改善 /消失 0/10 0/10 1/10 0/10 1/10 0/10
假丝酵母菌 0/10 0/10 0/10 0/10 0/10 0/10
糖 +0.1¾笨曱酸钠 + 2例 pH仍高于
0.1%丙酸钠 4.5; Nugent pH4.2-4.5 0/15 2/15 1/15 2/15 3/15 2/15 评分显著恢 组 pH3.8 -4.1 0/15 1/15 3/15 3/15 6/15 9/15 复; 症状显著 pH<3.8 0/15 0/15 1/15 0/15 1/15 2/15 改善; 真菌生 七 Nugent < 3 0/15 2/15 3/15 4/15 8/15 12/15 长发生率低, 症状改善 /消失 0/15 8/15 8/15 11/15 10/15 13/15
假丝酵母菌 0/15 0/15 0/15 0/15 0/15 1/15
糖 +0.1%苯曱酸钠 4例 pH仍高于
+0.0125¾山梨酸 4.5; Nugent pH4.2-4.5 0/14 3/14 3/14 2/14 3/14 2/14 评分显著恢 组 pH3.8-4.1 0/14 1/14 2/14 5/14 7/14 8/14 复; 症状显著 pH<3.8 0/14 0/14 0/14 1/14 2/14 1/14 改善; 真菌生 八 Nugent < 3 0/14 2/14 3/14 4/14 7/14 11/14 长发生率低. 症状改善 /消失 0/14 8/14 7/14 10/14 11/14 13/14
假丝酵母菌 0/14 0/14 0/14 1/14 1/14 2/14
注: 阴道 ρίΚ4.5为正常, 表示阴道酸度在正常范围内, ρΗ>4.5不正常,表示阴道^!减弱;
Nugent评分 < 3, 表示阴道菌群正常, Nugent评分 >3表示阴道菌群为不正常; 具体评分方法见 Guidance for Industry: Bacterial Vaginosis一 Developing antimicrobial Drugs for Treatment. FDA, 1998
正常不应查见假丝酵母菌, 为 "0"; 查见假丝酵母菌提示有过度生长, 为不正常. 实验实施例四
实验目的: 观察以苯曱酸钠、 有机酸防腐剂为活性成分的组合物对 细胞溶解性阴道病的治疗作用。 试验中所述溶液除非另有说明均为 水溶液。
1、 实验药物: 含 0. l% (w/v)苯甲酸钠、 0. 0125% (w/v)脱氢乙酸钠的 本发明组合物实施例 5的组合物。
2、 实验病例:
细胞溶解性阴道病: 筛选 20病例入组, 有反复发作的阴部瘙痒或灼 痛、 白带增多等不适; 阴道分泌物 pH<4. 1, 阴道细菌以粗大革兰阳 性杆菌为主, 未见假丝酵母菌孢子或菌丝; 查见阴道粘膜上皮细胞 破碎和棵核。
3、 病例脱漏: 不能完成用药疗程、 不能坚持复查, 以及观察期间使 用了抗菌药物或沖洗的病例为脱漏病例, 从实验中剔除。
4、实猃方法:入组病例阴道局部用本发明的组合物 5克,每日两次, 连续 5天;其中至少由医务人员每日给药一次,测阴道分泌物 pH值, 做分泌物涂片染色镜检,观察细菌数量和形态,并进行 Nugent评分。
5、 结果观察: 剔除脱漏病例, 观察病人阴部瘙痒、 灼痛、 白带性状 等变化, 阴道分泌物 pH值,观察阴道菌群 Nugent评分,有无^ 等。
6、 实验结果: 如表 4所示:
表 4. 组合物对真菌性阴道炎 /细胞溶解性阴道病的影响
用药前 一天 二天 = .天 四天 五天 结果评估 细 症状改善 /消失 0/19 7/19 8/19 13/19 17/19 17/19 用组合物后症 胞阴 pH4. 2 - 4. 5 0/19 3/19 5/19 9/19 8/19 10/19 状显著改善; 阴 溶道 pH 3. 8 - 4. 1 6/19 5/19 8/19 9/19 11/19 9/19 道 pH提高; 棵 解病 pH < 3. 8 13/19 11/19 6/19 1/19 0/19 0/19 核和细胞碎片 性 细fci 片 19/19 10/19 10/19 6/19 3/19 1/19 显著减少. 注: 症状显著改善 /消失: 指阴部瘙痒、 灼痛等不适显著改善或消失, 白带减少、 豆腐渣样凝块 极少或无。
阴道正常 pH范围为 3. 5 ~ 4. 5 , 优选 3. 8 ~ 4. 1, 低于 3. 8为¾ ^过度增强。
阴道黏膜上皮细胞碎片 正常为阴性.
使用本发明的组合物后, 显著抑制乳酸杆菌产酸, 阴道 pH升高 至 3. 8 以上, 阴道酸度减弱, 细胞溶解受抑制, 因上皮细胞溶解所 产生的碎片和棵核显著减少。病人使用本发明的组合物后阴部瘙痒、 灼痛等不适迅速緩解甚至消失, 白带减少。
8.结论: 本发明的组合物可抑制阴道致病性乳酸杆菌, 抑制阴道酸 度异常增强, 具有治疗细胞溶解性阴道病、 乳酸杆菌阴道病的作用, 使患者的阴部瘙痒、 灼痛等症状迅速緩解甚至消失, 白带显著减少。 实验实施例 典型病例之一:
患者, 女, 28岁。 阴部瘙痒伴白带增多、 性交痛三个月, 在医 院诊断为 "真菌性阴道炎"。 曾使用多种抗真菌药物治疗, 症状于用 药时緩解、 停药后又复发。 经本发明人取阴道拭子测分泌物 pH值, 低于 3. 8 , 分泌物涂片革兰染色, 显微镜检查, 见阴道菌群为粗大 革兰氏阳性杆菌, 未见酵母样真菌孢子和菌丝, 阴道黏膜上皮细胞 形态不完整,有溶解碎裂,可见棵核,诊断为 "细胞溶解性阴道病", 给予实施例 2的组合物, 阴道局部用药每次 4毫升、 每日 1次, 连 续 5天, 病人阴部瘙痒消失、 白带减少, 取阴道拭子复查, 测分泌 物 pH值为 4. 1, 阴道菌群仍为粗大革兰阳性杆菌, 阴道黏膜上皮细 胞形态完整, 未见碎裂、 棵核。 结果显示: 以苯曱酸钠和脱氢乙酸 钠为活性成分的本发明的组合物对细胞溶解性阴道病有治疗效果。 实验实施例 典型病例之二:
患者, 女, 26岁。 反复阴部瘙痒、 灼痛伴白带增多近一年。 曾 在医院诊断为真菌性阴道炎, 用药治疗后好转, 但停药后常又复发。 经本发明人取阴道拭子测分泌物 pH值为 3.8, 涂片革兰染色后显微 镜检查, 见阴道菌群为粗大革兰氏阳性杆菌, 菌体较长, 查见酵母 样真菌孢子和菌丝, 偶见溶解碎裂的上皮细胞, 诊断为 "真菌性阴 道炎", 给予实施例 8的组合物, 阴道局部用药每次 5亳升、每日一 次, 连续 5天, 病人阴部瘙痒、 疼痛等消失, 白带显著减少, 取阴 道拭子复查测分泌物 pH值, 为 4.1左右, 阴道菌群为粗大革兰氏阳 性杆菌, 但菌体短, 未见酵母样真菌孢子。 显示: 以苯甲酸钠和丙 酸钠为活性成分的本发明的组合物对真菌性阴道炎有治疗效果。 实验实施例 典型病例之三:
女, 31岁。 白带鱼腥样臭味伴外阴瘙痒 1年。 患者 1年前无明 显诱因出现白带增多, 带鱼腥味样臭味, 同房后明显; 伴有外阴瘙 痒, 严重时不能入睡。 曾在医院就诊并用多种抗菌药物、 以及多种 洗液治疗, 用药时症状可暂时緩解, 但停药后复发。 经本发明人取 白带做涂片染色检查, 发现大量不同形态的革兰氏阴性杆菌、 阴性 球菌和阳性球菌, 未见粗大革兰阳性杆菌, 白细胞少; 测白带 pH为 5.4,诊断为细菌性阴道病,给予含本发明的实施例 3的胶体剂治疗, 每次 5克、每日两次; 用药一天后白带臭味与外阴瘙痒即显著减轻, 查白带 pH4.6; 用药两天后白带减少, 臭味与外阴瘙痒消失, 查白 带 PH4.1, 复查白带涂片染色镜检, 细菌以革兰氏阳性杆菌为主, 阴性杆菌、 球菌极少, 继续用药完成疗程。 停药三个月, 未再复发。 参考文献:
1. Deutchraan, et al. Vaginitis: Diagnosis Is the Key. Patient Care 2 (September 15, 1994 ): 39-61.
2. MAR I E. EGAN, et al. Diagnosis of Vaginitis. American family physician. ( Septemenber 1, 2000, http: //www, aafp. org/afp/20000901/1095. html ) 罗明生、 高天惠主编: 《药剂辅料大全》, 四川科学技术出版社, 2006年出版, 第 1084页;
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吴景时主编: 《国家非处方药手册》 第二版, 人民卫生出版社, 2004年 5月出版, 第 129页;
王泽民主编: 《当代结构药物全集》, 北京科学技术出版社, 1993 年出版, 第 270页;
马振瀛、 吴小梅编著: 《工业防霉》, 轻工业出版社, 1983年 10 月出版, 第 134页;
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Claims

权利要求
1. 小剂量苯曱酸和 /或其钠盐与一种或多种有机酸防腐剂相联 合作为活性成分在制备对阴道正常乳酸杆菌的抑制作用较弱、 但对 阴道真菌和 /或阴道致病性乳酸杆菌的抑制作用较强的阴道用组合 物中的用途, 有机酸防腐剂选自: 脱氢乙酸和 /或其钠盐、 丙酸和 / 或其盐、 山梨酸和 /或其盐; 其中所述丙酸盐为其钙盐或钠盐, 优选 其钠盐; 其中所述山梨酸盐为其钾盐或钠盐, 优选其钠盐;所述组合 物可用于抑制阴道真菌、 和 /或抑制阴道致病性乳酸杆菌、 和 /或促 进阴道正常乳酸杆菌、 和 /或维护阴道正常酸度、 和 /或调节阴道微 生态、 和 /或调节阴道微生物、 和 /或选择性阴道脱污染。
2. 根据权利要求 1的用途, 其中所述组合物可用于消除或减轻 阴道外阴瘙痒、 疼痛、 和 /或性交痛等不适, 和 /或改善白带性状, 和 /或消除白带嗅味, 和 /或清洁护理阴道。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2的用途,其中所述组合物可用于预防和 / 或治疗阴道微生物疾病, 其中所述阴道微生物疾病选自真菌性阴道 炎、 或细胞溶解性阴道病、 或阴道菌群失调、 或老年性阴道炎。
4. 根据权利要求 1-3任意一项的用途, 其中所述组合物为用于 阴道的阴道微生态调节剂、 微生物调节剂、 药品、 消毒剂、 抗菌剂、 抑菌剂、 黏膜表面杀微生物剂、 或一次性使用医疗用品, 或者为用 于阴道的消毒器械、 医疗器械、 或药物器械等的组成部分, 或者为 用于阴道的卫生用品、 化妆品、 微生态护理品、 清洁护理品、 除异 味剂、 润滑剂、 或湿润剂、 或洗剂。
5. 根据权利要求 1-4任意一项的用途,其中所述组合物的单位 给药剂量如下:苯曱酸和 /或其钠盐的总用量以苯曱酸钠计为 0. 25 ~ 1 0毫克, 优选 0. 5 ~ 6. 25 毫克; 脱氢乙酸和 /或其钠盐的总用量以 脱氢乙酸钠计为 0.025 ~ 2.5毫克,优选 0.05 ~ 1.25毫克; 丙酸和 / 或其盐的总用量以丙酸钠计为 0.5~50毫克, 优选 1.0 ~ 25毫克; 山梨酸的总用量以山梨酸钠计为 0.05~5毫克, 优选 0.1~2.5 亳 克。
6. 一种用于阴道施用的组合物,所述组合物的剂型为泡腾片剂、 胶袭剂、栓剂、 片剂、软膏剂(优选水溶性胶体剂和乳剂型软膏剂)、 或溶液剂, 每单位使用剂量或每单位剂型中含有作为活性成分的下 列组分: 苯曱酸和 /或其钠盐, 其总用量以苯甲酸钠计为 0.25~10 亳克, 优选 0.5 ~ 6.25亳克; 脱氢乙酸和 /或其钠盐, 其总用量以脱 氢乙酸钠计为每单位剂型含有 0.025 ~ 2.5毫克, 优选 0.05 ~ 1.25 毫克;丙酸和 /或其盐,其总用量以丙酸钠计为每单位剂型含有 0.5- 50毫克, 优选 1.0~25 毫克; 山梨酸和 /或其盐, 其的总用量以山 梨酸钠计为每单位剂型含有 0.05-5亳克, 优选 0.1 ~ 2.5毫克。
7. 根据权利要求 1-6任意一项的用途或组合物, 其中所述组合 物中进一步含有氨基酸, 其中单位使用剂量、和 /或每单位剂型的所 述组合物可选择性地含有总量为 0.03~ 1.75mmol 的一种或多种选 自下组的氨基酸和 /或其盐: 谷氨酸、 谷氨酰胺、 天冬氨酸、 天冬氨 酰胺、 异亮氨酸、 苯丙氨酸、 颉氨酸、 亮氨酸、 脯氨酸、 苏氨酸; 优选谷氨酸、 天冬氨酸或它们的混合物; 优选的氨基酸总含量为 0.08~1.0画1。
8. 根据权利要求 1-7任意一项的用途或组合物, 其中所述组合 物中进一步含有糖, 其中单位使用剂量、和 /或每单位剂型的所述组 合物可选择性地含有总量为 1~ 750 亳克的一种或多种选自下组的 糖: 葡萄糖、 果糖、 甘露糖、 蔗糖、 麦芽糖、 异麦芽糖、 海藻糖、 纤维二糖、 蜜二糖、 棉子糖、 潘糖、 麦芽寡糖、 低聚果糖、 糊精、 淀粉、 糖原或它们的混合物; 优选的糖为葡萄糖、 果糖、 甘露糖、 蔗糖、 麦芽糖、 海藻糖、 或它们的混合物; 优选的糖总含量为 60 ~ 600毫克。
9. 根据权利要求 8的用途或组合物, 其中所述组合物还可以用 于治疗细菌性阴道病。
10. 一种用于阴道的组合物, 其特征在于:
(1)含有作为活性成分的苯曱酸和 /或其钠盐, 其总浓度以苯曱酸 钠计为 0.025 ~ 0.2% (w/v) , 优选 0.05 ~ 0.125% (w/v);
(2)含有作为活性成分的脱氢乙酸和 /或其钠盐、 和 /或丙酸 和 /或其盐、 和 /或山梨酸和 /或其盐; 其中所述脱氢乙酸和 /或其钠 盐的总浓度以脱氢乙酸钠计为 0.0025 ~ 0.05% (w/v) , 优选为 0.005 ~ 0.025% (w/v); 丙酸和 /或其盐的总浓度以丙酸钠计为 0.05 ~ 1.0% (w/v), 优选为 0.1-0.5% (w/v); 山梨酸和 /或其盐的总 浓度以山梨酸钠计为 0.005 ~ 0. l%(w/v) , 优选为 0.01 ~ 0.05% (w/v);
(3)含有软膏基质或水; 优选非流动性、 粘性、 水溶性胶体基 质; 特别优选黄原胶;
( 4 )组合物 pH值为 3.5 ~ 6.5, 优选 4.0 ~ 5.5。
可采用多种方式包装, 包括但不限于单次剂量、 无菌、 密封包 装, 或包装于阴道用器械中, 或包装于一次性阴道施用器中; 优 选单次剂量、 无菌、 密封包装。
11. 根据权利要求 1-10任意一项的用途或组合物, 其中每单位 剂型、 和 /或每单次剂量包装的所述组合物还可选择性地含 0.001 ~ 0.5毫克曱硝唑或替硝唑, 优选的曱硝唑或替硝唑的含量为 0.01~ 0.25毫克。
12. 根据权利要求 1-11任意一项的用途或组合物, 其中每单位 剂型、和 /或每单次剂量包装的所述组合物还可选择性地含有总量为 0. 01 - 3 毫克的一种或多种选自下组的雌激素类药物: 己烯雌酚、 雌二醇、 雌三醇; 优选雌三醇。
1 3. 一种用于抑制阴道真菌、 和 /或抑制阴道致病性乳酸杆菌、 和 /或促进阴道正常乳酸杆菌、和 /或维护阴道正常酸度、和 /或调节 阴道微生态、 和 /或调节阴道微生物、 和 /或选择性阴道脱污染的方 法, 其中所述方法包括向有此需要的女性的阴道内给予有效量的根 据权利要求 6 - 12任意一项的组合物。
14. 根据权利要求 13的方法, 其中所述方法为消除或减轻阴道 外阴瘙痒、 疼痛、 或性交痛等不适感、 或改善白带性状、 或消除白 带嗅味、 或清洁阴道、 或护理和 /或调节阴道微生态的方法。
15. 根据权利要求 13或 14的方法,其中所述方法为用于预防和 /或治疗阴道微生物疾病的方法,其中所述阴道微生物疾病为真菌性 阴道炎, 或细胞溶解性阴道病, 或阴道菌群失调, 或老年性阴道炎。
16. 一种用于治疗细菌性阴道病的方法,所述方法包括向有此需 要的女性的阴道内给予有效量的根据权利要求 8的组合物。
PCT/CN2010/001552 2009-10-08 2010-10-08 一种以苯甲酸和有机酸防腐剂相联合作为有效成分的组合物及其用途 WO2011041938A1 (zh)

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US20120245132A1 (en) 2012-09-27
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