WO2011040891A1 - Low-sodium-oxide glass and glass tube - Google Patents
Low-sodium-oxide glass and glass tube Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011040891A1 WO2011040891A1 PCT/TH2009/000004 TH2009000004W WO2011040891A1 WO 2011040891 A1 WO2011040891 A1 WO 2011040891A1 TH 2009000004 W TH2009000004 W TH 2009000004W WO 2011040891 A1 WO2011040891 A1 WO 2011040891A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- low
- sodium
- oxide
- tubes
- Prior art date
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000075 oxide glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Li2O Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M dilithium;hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-] XUCJHNOBJLKZNU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 27
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 12
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Sr+2] IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 10
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910011255 B2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N hydroxyformaldehyde Chemical compound O[14CH]=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000833 kovar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFQXGXDIJMBKTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxostrontium Chemical compound [Sr]=O UFQXGXDIJMBKTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/095—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing rare earths
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/08—Compositions for glass with special properties for glass selectively absorbing radiation of specified wave lengths
- C03C4/085—Compositions for glass with special properties for glass selectively absorbing radiation of specified wave lengths for ultraviolet absorbing glass
Definitions
- This invention falls within a branch of chemistry relating to the manufacture of glass and glass tubes with low sodium oxide.
- Low-sodium-oxide glass tubes for the manufacture of light bulbs replace glass tubes for the manufacture of backlights, which are generally made of borosilicate glass with approx. 10-20 percent boric oxide. This makes it difficult for glass to melt and the cost of production is high.
- borosilicate glass when heated.
- it when it is used by the light bulb manufacturing industry, it must select a metal wire for sealing with the coefficient of expansion, a, close to the fairly low coefficient of expansion, a, of borosilicate glass.
- Those currently used are tungsten, molybdenum and kovar wires, which are at somewhat high prices.
- the coefficient of expansion, a, of the glass when heated has been adjusted and developed to a value close to that of a dumet wire, which is of lower cost.
- light bulb manufacturing business operators also incur lower cost.
- the working temperature (Tw), which is higher than that of the borosilicate glass the working range becomes wider than that of the borosilicate glass by at least 450 °C, which is one of the very important properties.
- the invention of low-sodium-oxide glass tubes for the manufacture of light bulbs adds the improvement of the glass quality for the absorbance of light waves in the range of ultraviolet rays (UV). It is known that the UV light wave is dangerous, and in the invention the wave length at 313 nanometers (nm.) will be controlled through the application of cerium oxide (Ce0 2 ).
- barium carbonate which yields the value of barium oxide (BaO), and other chemical components that have environmental awareness without hazardous heavy metals, such as, lead (Pb), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), hexavalent chromium (CrVI), polybvominated biphenyl (PBB), polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE), etc. in accordance with the directive or rules and regulations on restricted chemical substances, such as RoHS or REACH.
- Pb lead
- As arsenic
- Cd cadmium
- mercury Hg
- CrVI hexavalent chromium
- PBB polybvominated biphenyl
- PBDE polybrominated diphenyl ether
- An invention concerning low-sodium-oxide glass and glass tubes to replace borosilicate glass results in lower cost of production and emphasizes on an adjustment to quality for the absorbance of light in the range of ultraviolet rays (UV).
- the wave length will be measured at 313 nanometers (nm.).
- This invention comprises an adjustment to the durability of glass and glass tubes so that they have better chemical resistance and dielectric constant and physical properties through the selection of chemical components which are not hazardous to the environment.
- This is also a technique suitable to glass and glass tubes for the light bulb manufacturing industry and for other industries, for instance, fluorescent lamps and circular fluorescent lamps, compact fluorescent lamps, stems (flare tubes), exhaust tubes, and backlights tubes.
- UV light wave ultraviolet rays
- UV ultraviolet rays
- potassium carbonate which yields the value of potassium oxide (K ⁇ O) ⁇ 11-14%
- the dielectric constant at 25°C, 1 MHz increases to approximately 7.5.
- the dielectric constant of borosilicate glass at the temperature of 25°C, 1 MHz is approximately 5-6.
- the invention of low-sodium oxide glass and glass tube incurs low dielectric loss, tan ⁇ , or dissipation factor at the temperature of 25 °C, 1 MHz at approximately 0002, which is fairly favorable to the glass tubes for the external electrode fluorescent lamps (EEFLs) manufacturing industry as it will prolong their useful life.
- EEFLs external electrode fluorescent lamps
- the electric volume resistivity of low-sodium oxide glass and glass tubes at the temperature of 150°C is approximately 13.3-13.5.
- the invention of low-sodium-oxide glass tubes for the manufacture of light bulbs has improved and developed the coefficient of expansion, a, of glass when heated so that it is close to that of dumet wires, which are of lower cost.
- the alpha value (a) yielded will be around (92.0-99.0) x 10 "7 / °C.
- glass flexibility or softening softening point
- the invention of low-sodium-oxide glass and glass tubes comprise chemical components as follows: 55.0-70.0% Si0 2 , 2.0-4.0% A1 2 0 3 , 3.0-7.0% MgO and CaO, 0-3.5% SrO, 10.5-13.0% BaO, 2.0-4.0% Li 2 0, ⁇ 1.0% Na 2 0, 11.0-14.0% K 2 0, 0.1-0.6% Ce0 2 , (0.03%) Fe 2 0 3 .
- the raw materials are represented by percentage weight as follows:
- the working range will be 477 °C.
- Example 2 Prepare chemical components to calculate the quantity of raw materials to be mixed together.
- the raw materials are represented by percentage weights as follows:
- the raw materials are represented by percentage weight as follows:
- the raw materials are represented by percentage weights as follows:
- the raw materials are represented by percentage weight as follows:
- Example 7 Prepare chemical components to calculate the quantity of raw materials to be mixed together.
- the raw materials are represented by percentage weights as follows:
- the raw materials are represented by percentage weights as follows:
- the raw materials are represented by percentage weights as follows:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The low-sodium-oxide glass and glass tube, which have the following chemical components 55.0-70.0 % SiO2, 2.0-4.0 % Al2O3, 3.0-7.0% MgO, and CaO, 0-3.5% SrO, 10.5- 13.0% BaO, 2.0-4.0 % Li2O, <1.0 % Na2O, 11.0-14.0 % K2O5 0.1-0.6 % CeO2, (0.02 %) TiO2, and(0.03 %) Fe2O3, has been disclosed to replace the borosilicate glass, with improvements to the physical properties and chemical durability, transmittance percentage controlled in the wave length interval at 313 nanometers (nm.), including the dielectric constant at the temperature of 25 °C, IMHz and the dielectric loss, tan δ, or the dissipation factor at the temperature of 25 °C, IMHz, for maximum effectiveness for the light bulb manufacturing industry and also for other industries, for instance, backlights tubes, fluorescent lamps, circular fluorescent lamps, compact fluorescent lamps, stems (flare tubes), and exhaust tubes.
Description
Low-Sodium-Oxide Glass and Glass Tube,
Invention Description
Technical Branch Related to Invention: This invention falls within a branch of chemistry relating to the manufacture of glass and glass tubes with low sodium oxide.
Background of Arts and Techniques Related to Invention:
Technology and innovation on the manufacture of electrical appliances, equipment used for connection to computers, such as, flat-screen TVs, LCD, scanners, navigation systems, all involve designs and developments into modern looks, taking into consideration convenience of users, who will be able to carry them to everywhere, and ease of move. Therefore, developments must be made with respect to appropriate size and weight. Glass tubes for the manufacture of backlights require the use of small-diameter glass. At present, there are manufacturers of glass tubes for the manufacture of backlights to accommodate the market of these electrical appliances, and they tend to expand themselves quickly.
Low-sodium-oxide glass tubes for the manufacture of light bulbs replace glass tubes for the manufacture of backlights, which are generally made of borosilicate glass with approx. 10-20 percent boric oxide. This makes it difficult for glass to melt and the cost of production is high. In addition, there is an important factor regarding the fairly low coefficient of expansion, a, of borosilicate glass when heated. As a result, when it is used by the light bulb manufacturing industry, it must select a metal wire for sealing with the coefficient of expansion, a, close to the fairly low coefficient of expansion, a, of borosilicate glass. Those currently used are tungsten, molybdenum and kovar wires, which are at somewhat high prices. Therefore, in the invention of low-sodium-oxide glass tubes for the manufacture of light bulbs, the coefficient of expansion, a, of the glass when heated has been adjusted and developed to a value close to that of a dumet wire, which is of lower cost. As a result, light bulb manufacturing business operators also incur lower cost. And through the preparation of chemical components of low-sodium-oxide glass tubes for the manufacture of light bulbs having regard to the glass softening point (Ts), which is lower than that of the borosilicate glass, and the working temperature (Tw), which is higher than that of the
borosilicate glass, the working range becomes wider than that of the borosilicate glass by at least 450 °C, which is one of the very important properties.
The invention of low-sodium-oxide glass tubes for the manufacture of light bulbs adds the improvement of the glass quality for the absorbance of light waves in the range of ultraviolet rays (UV). It is known that the UV light wave is dangerous, and in the invention the wave length at 313 nanometers (nm.) will be controlled through the application of cerium oxide (Ce02).
The significant advantage of low-sodium-oxide glass tubes for the manufacture of light bulbs is the glass tube durability with chemical resistance and better dielectric constant. There has been a development of the ratio of soda ash, which yields the value of sodium oxide (Na20); and potassium carbonate, which yields the value of potassium oxide
(K20); barium carbonate, which yields the value of barium oxide (BaO), and other chemical components that have environmental awareness without hazardous heavy metals, such as, lead (Pb), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), hexavalent chromium (CrVI), polybvominated biphenyl (PBB), polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE), etc. in accordance with the directive or rules and regulations on restricted chemical substances, such as RoHS or REACH.
Description and Intention of Invention:
An invention concerning low-sodium-oxide glass and glass tubes to replace borosilicate glass results in lower cost of production and emphasizes on an adjustment to quality for the absorbance of light in the range of ultraviolet rays (UV). The wave length will be measured at 313 nanometers (nm.). This invention comprises an adjustment to the durability of glass and glass tubes so that they have better chemical resistance and dielectric constant and physical properties through the selection of chemical components which are not hazardous to the environment. This is also a technique suitable to glass and glass tubes for the light bulb manufacturing industry and for other industries, for instance, fluorescent lamps and circular fluorescent lamps, compact fluorescent lamps, stems (flare tubes), exhaust tubes, and backlights tubes.
Complete Disclosure of Invention:
This invention results from the outcome of a study aiming at the finding of glass tubes with low-sodiun-oxide for the manufacture of backlights to replace borosilicate glass so that the cost of production becomes lower and that adjustments and improvements are made to the quality for the absorbance of ultraviolet rays (UV). It is known that this UV light wave is harmful to components assembled in flat screen televisions, LCD-TFT television screens, flat screen PCs and laptops, scanners and navigation systems. According to the
result of these studies in conjunction with the background as a manufacturer of both soda- lime glass and lead-free glass tubes for light bulbs, the inventor has discovered that it could adjust and improve the property regarding the transmittance of ultraviolet rays (UV) for the absorbance of the light wave controlled in the range of a 313 nanometer (nm.) wavelength by admixing a 0.1-0.6 % quantity of cerium oxide (Ce02), causing the light transmittance value to be less than 2.0%. In addition, the value of glass durability must be taken into consideration with a development of soda ash, which yields the value of sodium oxide ( a20) less than 1.0%, thereby resulting in good chemical resistance; and lithium carbonate (Li2C03), which yields the value of lithium oxide (Li20) = 2-4%; strontium carbonate, which yields the value of strontium oxide (SrO) = 0-3.5%; magnesium carbonate, which yields the value of magnesium oxide (MgO); and calcium carbonate, which yields the value of calcium oxide (CaO) = 3-7%.
In the invention, the dielectric constant has been improved by applying potassium carbonate, which yields the value of potassium oxide (K^O)^ 11-14%; barium carbonate, which yields the value of barium oxide (BaO) = 10.5-13%. As a result, the dielectric constant at 25°C, 1 MHz increases to approximately 7.5. The dielectric constant of borosilicate glass at the temperature of 25°C, 1 MHz is approximately 5-6. Moreover, the invention of low-sodium oxide glass and glass tube incurs low dielectric loss, tan δ, or dissipation factor at the temperature of 25 °C, 1 MHz at approximately 0002, which is fairly favorable to the glass tubes for the external electrode fluorescent lamps (EEFLs) manufacturing industry as it will prolong their useful life. This is because when the dielectric glass sustains the electric voltage at a value exceeding its ability to withstand such electric voltage or electric field, the electricity will rush through the dielectric glass to the extent that eventually causes the dielectric breakdown, thereby creating free charge and consequently turning it into a conductor. In the course of invention, the inventor also studied the electric volume resistivity, log p, (Ω. cm). The electric volume resistivity of low-sodium oxide glass and glass tubes at the temperature of 150°C is approximately 13.3-13.5.
The invention of low-sodium-oxide glass tubes for the manufacture of light bulbs has improved and developed the coefficient of expansion, a, of glass when heated so that it is close to that of dumet wires, which are of lower cost. The alpha value (a) yielded will be around (92.0-99.0) x 10"7 / °C. And through the preparation of chemical components of low sodium oxide for the manufacture of backlights, having regard to the value of glass flexibility or softening (softening point), which is lower than that of borosilicate glass, i.e. the borosilicate glass softening point is > 700 °C and the softening point of this low-sodium- oxide glass invented is = 670-700 °C and its working point, Tw, is higher than that of the
borosilicate glass, its working range becomes wider than that of the borosilicate glass by at least 450 °C, which range is beneficial to the light bulb manufacturing industry.
This invention contains a general description. It will be better understood by reference to special examples included herein only for the purpose of indication, and they are not considered limitations of the invention unless otherwise explained.
The invention of low-sodium-oxide glass and glass tubes comprise chemical components as follows: 55.0-70.0% Si02, 2.0-4.0% A1203, 3.0-7.0% MgO and CaO, 0-3.5% SrO, 10.5-13.0% BaO, 2.0-4.0% Li20, <1.0% Na20, 11.0-14.0% K20, 0.1-0.6% Ce02, (0.03%) Fe203.
Example 1
Prepare chemical components to calculate the quantity of raw materials to be mixed together. The raw materials are represented by percentage weight as follows:
Components Percent
Si02 61.85
A1203 3.00
MgO/CaO 5.00
SrO 3.00
BaO 11.00
Li20 2.50
Na20 0.15
K2O 13.0
Ce02 0.50
The chemical components above will be applied to the calculation of the proportion of raw materials required to be mixed and melted into glass at the temperature of 1450 °C in a lab furnace. When a specimen has been obtained, steps are then taken to examine its physical properties. The result obtained is as follows:
Physical Properties Results Obtained
Alpha (30-380 °C x 10"7 / °C) 92.3
Density (g/cc) 2.687 Glass transition, Tg (°C) 523
Annealing point, Ta (°C) 587
Softening point, Ts (°C) 699
Working point, Tw (°C) 1 176
From the result obtained, the working range will be 477 °C.
Examine the chemical durability by the method under JIS R3502 (Na20 mg), with the use of an autoclave at 121 °C for a period of 60 minutes. The concentration (R20 mg/1) is as follows:
Na20 < 0.5
K20 10.1 Li20 2.7
Example 2 Prepare chemical components to calculate the quantity of raw materials to be mixed together. The raw materials are represented by percentage weights as follows:
Components Percent
Si02 61.35
A1203 3.00
MgO/CaO 5.00
SrO 3.00
Bao 11.00
Li20 3.00
Na20 0.15
K20 13.00
Ce02 0.50
The chemical components above will be applied to the calculation of the proportion of raw materials required to be mixed and melted into glass at the temperature of 1450 °C in a lab furnace. When a specimen has been obtained, steps are then taken to examine its physical properties. The results obtained are as follows:
Physical Properties Results Obtained
Alpha (30-380 °C x 10-7 / °C) 95.6
Density (g/cc) 2.703
Glass transition, Tg (°C) 511 Annealing point, Ta (°C) 559
Softening point, Ts (°C) 685
Working point, Tw (°C) 1 150 From the result obtained, the working range will be 465 °C.
Volume resistivity log p (Ω. cm)(150°C) 13.5
Dielectric constant at 25°C, 1 MHz 7.34
Dissipation factor at 25°C, 1 MHz 0.0018
Examine the chemical durability by the method under JIS R3502 ( a20 mg) using an autoclave at 121 °C for a period of 60 minutes. The concentration, R20 mg/1, is as follows:
Na20 < 0.5
K20 10.1
Li20 2.8
Example 3
Prepare chemical components to calculate the quantity of raw materials to be mixed together. The raw materials are represented by percentage weight as follows:
Components Percent
Si02 62.52
A1203 3.00
MgO 2.04
CaO 2.96
SrO 3.00
BaO 1 1.00
Li20 3.00
Na20 0.15
K20 12.00
Ce02 0.30
Ti 02 0.013
Fe2 03 0.015
The chemical components above will be applied to the calculation of the proportion of raw materials required to be mixed and melted into glass at the temperature of 1450 °C in a lab furnace. When a specimen has been obtained, steps are then taken to examine its physical properties. The result obtained is as follows:
Physical Properties Results Obtained
Alpha (30-380 °C x 10"7 / °C) 96.6
Density (g/cc) 2.67
Softening point, Ts (°C) 689 Volume resistivity log p (Q.cm)(150°C) 13.3
Dielectric constant at 25°C, 1 MHz 7.36
Dissipation factor at 25°C, 1 MHz 0.0023
Example 4
Prepare chemical components to calculate the quantity of raw materials to be mixed together. The raw materials are represented by percentage weights as follows:
Components Percent
Si02 61.52
A1203 3.00
MgO 1.64
CaO 4.36
SrO 3.00
BaO 11.00
Li20 3.00
Na20 0.15
K20 12.00
Ce02 0.30
Ti 02 0.012
Fe2 03 0.015
The chemical components above will be applied to the calculation of the proportion of raw materials required to be mixed and melted into glass at the temperature of 1450 °C in a lab furnace. When a specimen has been obtained, steps are then taken to examine its physical properties. The results obtained are as follows:
Physical Properties Results Obtained
Alpha (30-380 °C x 10"7 / °C) 99.0 Softening point, Ts (°C) 686
Volume resistivity log p (Q.cm)( 150°C) 13.4
Dielectric constant at 25°C, 1 MHz 7.48
Dissipation factor at 25°C, 1 MHz 0.0021
Example 5
Prepare chemical components to calculate the quantity of raw materials to be mixed together. The raw materials are represented by percentage weight as follows:
Components Percent
Si02 61.52
A1203 3.00
MgO 1.65
CaO 5.35
BaO 13.00
Li20 3.00
Na20 0.15
K2O 12.00
Ce02 0.30
Ti 02 0.012
Fe2 03 0.015
The chemical components above will be applied to the calculation of the proportion of raw materials required to be mixed and melted into glass at the temperature of 1450 °C in a lab furnace. When a specimen has been obtained, steps are then taken to examine its physical properties. The result obtained is as follows:
Physical Properties Results Obtained
Alpha (30-380 °C x 10-7 / °C) 97.5
Softening point, Ts (°C) 688
Volume resistivity log p (Ω.αη)( 150°C) 13.4 Dielectric constant at 25°C, 1 MHz 7.49
Dissipation factor at 25°C, 1 MHz 0.0022
Example 6
Prepare chemical components to calculate the quantity of raw materials to be mixed together. The raw materials are represented by percentage weights as follows:
Components Percent
Si02 61.50
A1203 3.00
MgO 1.63
CaO 5.37
BaO 13.00
Li20 3.00
Na20 0.59
K20 11.56
Ce02 0.30
Ti 02 0.019
Fe2 03 0.027
The chemical components above will be applied to the calculation of the proportion of raw materials required to be mixed and melted into glass at the temperature of 1450 °C in a lab furnace. When a specimen has been obtained, steps are then taken to examine its physical properties. The results obtained are as follows:
Physical Properties Results Obtained
Alpha (30-380 °C x 10"7 / °C) 98.0
Density (g/cc) 2.6824
Softening point, Ts (°C) 676
Volume resistivity log p (Q.cm)(150°C) 13.5
Dielectric constant at 25°C, 1 MHz 7.46
Dissipation factor at 25°C, 1 MHz 0.0020
Example 7 Prepare chemical components to calculate the quantity of raw materials to be mixed together. The raw materials are represented by percentage weights as follows:
Components Percent
Si02 63.70
AI203 3.00
MgO 2.04
CaO 2.96
BaO 12.00
LizO 3.00 Na20 1.00
K20 12.00
Ce02 0.30
The chemical components above will be applied to the calculation of the proportion of raw materials required to be mixed and melted into glass at the temperature of 1450 °C in a lab furnace. When a specimen has been obtained, steps are then taken to examine its physical properties. The results obtained are as follows:
Physical Properties Results Obtained
Alpha (30-380 °C x 10_7 / ° 97.6 Density (g/cc) 2.63 Softening point, Ts (°C) 675
Example 8
Prepare chemical components to calculate the quantity of raw materials to be mixed together. The raw materials are represented by percentage weights as follows:
Components Percent
Si02 64.20
A1203 3.00
MgO 2.04
CaO 2.96
BaO 12.00
Li20 2.50
Na20 1.00
K2O 12.00
CeQ2 0.30
The chemical components above will be applied to the calculation of the proportion of raw materials required to be mixed and melted into glass at the temperature of 1450 °C in a lab furnace. When a specimen has been obtained, steps are then taken to examine its physical properties. The results obtained are as follows:
Physical Properties Results Obtained
Alpha (30-380 °C x 10"7 / °C) 95.9
Density (g/cc) 2.63
Softening point, Ts (°C) 688
Example 9
Prepare chemical components to calculate the quantity of raw materials to be mixed together. The raw materials are represented by percentage weights as follows:
Components Percent
Si02 63.35
A1203 3.00
MgO 2.04
CaO 2.96
SrO 2.00
BaO 11.00
Li20 3.00
Na20 0.35
K2O 12.00
CeQ2 0.30
The chemical components above will be applied to the calculation of the proportion of raw materials required to be mixed and melted into glass at the temperature of 1450 °C in a lab furnace. When a specimen has been obtained, steps are then taken to examine its physical properties. The results obtained are as follows:
Physical Properties
Alpha (30-380 °C lO-7 /
Density (g/cc)
Softening point, Ts (°C)
From the abovementioned example, it was found that the chemical durability yielded the concentration of Na20 < 1.0 mg/1.
Bring the low-oxide-glass and glass tube from this invention with the approximate thickness of 1.0 mm. to test the percentage of transmittance of ultraviolet rays
(UV) so that it the light wave absorbance is controlled in the wave length interval of 313 nanometers (nm.). It was found that the transmittance value < 2.0%.
Best Method of Invention
The method has been disclosed under the subject entitled Complete Disclosure of Invention.
Claims
1.- The low-sodium-oxide glass and glass tube comprise chemical components by percentage weight as follows:
Components Percent
Si02 55.0-70.0
A1203 2.0-4.0
BaO 10.5-13.0
MgO and CaO 3.0-7.0
Na20 <1.0
K20 1 1.0-14.0
Li20 2.0-4.0
Ce02 0.1-0.6
SrO 0-3.5
Ti02 (0.02)
Fe203 (0.03)
2. - The low-sodium-oxide glass and glass tubes under 1 of the Claim Assertion, which comprises chemical components suitable for the manufacture of light bulbs, replaces a glass tube for the manufacture of backlights, which are generally made of borosilicate glass.
3. - The low-sodium-oxide glass and glass tubes under 1 of the Claim Assertion, which comprises chemical components suitable for the manufacture of light bulbs, has the softening point between 670-700 °C whereas the softening point of borosilicate glass is > 700 °C. And its working point (Tw) is higher than that of borosilicate glass. Its working range is at least 4 0 °C.
4. - The low-sodium-oxide glass and glass tubes under 1 of the Claim Assertion, which comprises chemical components suitable for the manufacture of light bulbs, has chemical durability. It will yield the concentration of Na20 < 1.0 mg/1.
5. - The low-sodium-oxide glass and glass tubes under 1 of the Claim Assertion, the thickness of which does not exceed 1.0 millimeter (mm.) approximately, will have the percentage of transmittance of ultraviolet rays < 2.0% controlled in the wave length interval at 313 nanometers (nm.).
6.- The low-sodium-oxide glass and glass tubes under any of 1 of the Claim
Assertion has increased the dielectric constant at the temperature of 25°C, IMHz at the approximate value of 7.5 and low dielectric loss, tan δ, or dissipation factor at the temperature of 25°C, IMHz at the approximate value of 0.002.
7.- The low-sodium-oxide glass under 1-6 of the Claim Assertion also comprises chemical components suitable for the manufacture of glass and glass tubes for manufacturing light bulbs and other products, such as fluorescent lamps, and circular fluorescent lamps, compact fluorescent lamps, stems (flare tubes), and exhaust tubes.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TH0901004409 | 2009-09-29 | ||
| TH901004409A TH901004409A (en) | 2009-09-29 | The patent has not yet been announced. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2011040891A1 true WO2011040891A1 (en) | 2011-04-07 |
Family
ID=44908855
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/TH2009/000004 WO2011040891A1 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2009-12-24 | Low-sodium-oxide glass and glass tube |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TW (1) | TW201111316A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011040891A1 (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002072492A1 (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2002-09-19 | Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd. | Mantle tube for fluorescent lamp |
| US20090239008A1 (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2009-09-24 | L. Lighting Glass Company Limited | Low-sodium-oxide glass and glass tube |
-
2009
- 2009-12-24 WO PCT/TH2009/000004 patent/WO2011040891A1/en active Application Filing
-
2010
- 2010-02-25 TW TW99105461A patent/TW201111316A/en unknown
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002072492A1 (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2002-09-19 | Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd. | Mantle tube for fluorescent lamp |
| US20090239008A1 (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2009-09-24 | L. Lighting Glass Company Limited | Low-sodium-oxide glass and glass tube |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201111316A (en) | 2011-04-01 |
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