WO2011029409A1 - Procédé d'affichage de reproduction d'image tridimensionnelle perceptible à l'œil nu - Google Patents

Procédé d'affichage de reproduction d'image tridimensionnelle perceptible à l'œil nu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011029409A1
WO2011029409A1 PCT/CN2010/076823 CN2010076823W WO2011029409A1 WO 2011029409 A1 WO2011029409 A1 WO 2011029409A1 CN 2010076823 W CN2010076823 W CN 2010076823W WO 2011029409 A1 WO2011029409 A1 WO 2011029409A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
pixel
image
mirror
stereoscopic
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PCT/CN2010/076823
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王晓光
Original Assignee
Wang Xiaoguang
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN200910190172.9A external-priority patent/CN102026006B/zh
Priority claimed from CN2009101904534A external-priority patent/CN102023393A/zh
Application filed by Wang Xiaoguang filed Critical Wang Xiaoguang
Priority to CN201080040598.7A priority Critical patent/CN102640035B/zh
Publication of WO2011029409A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011029409A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/322—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using varifocal lenses or mirrors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/363—Image reproducers using image projection screens

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a 3D stereoscopic display technology, in particular to a 3D stereoscopic image restoration display technology suitable for a naked-eye viewing real re-realistic scene.
  • the known stereoscopic display technologies are generally as follows: 1. polarization separation; 2. field scanning; 3, left and right separation; 4. grid offset; Prism shift; 6, complementary two-color separation; 7, hologram.
  • 4, 5, 7 do not need to wear glasses, of which 7 has the best effect, but the equipment structure is complex, the realization cost is huge, the data volume is too large and it is difficult to be practical.
  • 4, 5 has been applied to the stereoscopic liquid crystal display, the effect is better, but the viewing angle is narrow, the stereoscopic effect is limited to a narrow distance, the angle range, and the number of people and the position are greatly limited.
  • the stereoscopic display method described in the above listed technologies has problems in that it is difficult to implement, must wear glasses, has a narrow viewing angle or is inferior in effect, and cannot meet the needs of practical applications. People need to reduce the 3D display technology that is more restrictive, more natural, and closer to lifestyle.
  • the invention solves the disadvantages of the existing stereoscopic display technology as described above, and realizes a better 3D stereoscopic reduction display effect.
  • the invention provides a 3D stereoscopic display technical scheme for realizing real scene restoration by real-time modulating the color and image distance of each pixel in the display matrix.
  • This manual will analyze the imaging and display principle, the restoration and display of 3D stereoscopic images, and the acquisition of 3D stereoscopic image files to reveal the principle and method of realizing 3D stereoscopic image restoration and display. Further explanation is provided by a preferred embodiment applied to displays, projectors and still images.
  • Camera and display principle At the time of camera, the stereoscopic real scene is projected onto the photoreceptor through the camera lens, and the planar camera process is realized by reading and recording the photoreceptor. In the plane imaging process, a lens with a large depth of field is used to try to satisfy the panoramic definition of the image. The camera only records the light data imaged by the lens, and does not record the image distance data.
  • the image distance imaged by the lens at each point in the stereoscopic real scene is different.
  • the stereoscopic real image formed by the stereoscopic real scene is referred to as the original solid real image
  • the distance between each part of the original solid real scene and the center of the lens is simply referred to as the original object distance
  • the distance between the center of the lens is simply referred to as the original image distance
  • the ordinary color video file is referred to as a color value video file
  • the video file composed of the original image distance data is referred to as an image distance video file.
  • the back projection will reproduce the color and distance of each part of the original real scene.
  • the image while displaying a color value video file by using a display device, the image is separately focused and projected on each pixel of the displayed image in real time by using the image data to reproduce the original stereoscopic image color and the original image distance.
  • the stereoscopic real scene is restored by re-projecting the reproduced original stereoscopic image.
  • the display effects described in the background art are the holographic mode and the double stereo mode.
  • the holographic mode has a large amount of data and complicated system equipment, which is difficult to be practical.
  • Double stereo mode 1. Polarized light separation, 2. Partial field scanning, 3. Left and right separation, 4. Grid offset, 5. Prism offset, all have double data volume problems. Its mode is RGB (left) + RGB (right), which is equivalent to 6 channels of monochrome video.
  • the invention provides a new stereoscopic video data structure and method, which is composed of two-dimensional color video and one-way image distance video, and only adds data of one recording image distance to one-way two-dimensional color video data.
  • RGB+V V is a single video data composed of image distances, and is equivalent to four channels of monochrome data.
  • the image distance video and the color video can be encoded into a single file by various means, or can be paired with the color video file in parallel, and the image is composed of the image distance data of the corresponding image content, and is used for restoring the stereoscopic effect of the image display.
  • the contrast of the image distance video is used to reflect the stereoscopic degree of the 3D image or the depth of field of the stereoscopic image.
  • One color data of a single pixel and one image distance data form a color image distance pair
  • each pixel data of each frame image may further include a plurality of color image distance pairs for displaying a multi-layer stereo image.
  • the data format employed in this embodiment is reduced by one-third of the data amount in the case of the same effective resolution and color depth. This will be more conducive to storage and transmission, and effectively reduce the cost of equipment and operations of 3D systems.
  • This new stereo video data structure and method is also applicable to other non-RGB color video.
  • the stereoscopic image generation portion includes an array of stereoscopic pixel components including a dynamic focus stereoscopic pixel component or a dynamic zoom stereoscopic pixel component or a static stereoscopic pixel component.
  • the dynamic focus stereoscopic pixel assembly includes a display pixel, a dynamic driving mechanism, and an imaging optical component; the dynamic zoom stereo pixel component includes a display pixel, an imaging optical component including an electronically controlled zoom lens; and the static stereoscopic pixel component includes a display pixel and an imaging optical component.
  • Display pixels may be selected but are not limited to image pixels displayed by the display device, image pixels projected by the projector, printed image pixels, hand-drawn image pixels, image pixels produced by optical lenses, or other image pixels visible to the human eye. It may also be a pixel display device, which may be selected from, but not limited to, a self-luminous element, a reflected light element or a scattered light element, and the reflected light element includes a diffuse reflection element, a total reflection mirror or a curved mirror .
  • the dynamic drive mechanism is an electrically actuated mechanism of various actuation principles and materials for driving displacement of the pixel display device or imaging lens.
  • the dynamic drive mechanism includes a resilient member and a drive assembly, and may also include a carrier bracket.
  • the carrier bracket is used to fix the carrier, and the carrier may be a pixel display device or an imaging lens.
  • the elastic element may be an element made of various elastic materials for fixing the carrier or the bracket and allowing it to move within a certain range, the elastic element is connected to the carrier at one end, and the other end is connected to the relevant element before, after or around the carrier.
  • the elastic members may be formed in a single layer, a plurality of layers, a spiral or other structural shape, located around, on both sides, above or below the carrier.
  • the drive components are composed of different drive components according to different actuation principles, including a drive source and a passive source.
  • the drive source is a portion that generates a driving force by voltage or current
  • the passive source is a portion driven by the driving force.
  • the actuation principles include, but are not limited to, electric field force modulation, electromagnetic modulation, or thermal deformation modulation. Almost all techniques that enable electronically controlled actuation can be used to drive the carrier in real time to achieve modulation of the image distance.
  • the imaging optical component is an optical device comprising pixels for displaying display pixels to the same or different image distances, including an imaging lens, and further comprising a light mixer and an optional correcting lens;
  • the imaging lens can be selected from, but not limited to, a convex lens, a concave lens, a Fresnel lens, an electrically controlled zoom lens, a concave mirror, a convex mirror or other optical lens, and a lens group.
  • the imaging lens can be static or dynamic, and the dynamic imaging lens is mounted on the dynamic
  • the drive mechanism can be moved within a certain range by electronic control.
  • the stereoscopic image display portion includes a developing optical component, and further includes a projection mirror, which is an optical device group capable of further visualizing the image displayed by the stereoscopic image generating portion into a viewable image;
  • the developing optical component includes a developing lens or a developing device
  • the developing lens may be selected from, but not limited to, various lenses, single or multiple or various combination mirrors of various curved mirrors, and the developing device may be a fog screen or other optical device capable of imaging a stereoscopic image. According to different display methods, it can be divided into flat display mode and projection display mode, and different display modes correspond to corresponding developing components and structures.
  • the flat panel display mode is a stereoscopic image generated by directly viewing a stereoscopic image generating portion through a developing lens
  • the image display surface may be a plane or a curved surface, for example, a spherical surface, a cylindrical surface, a convex surface, a concave surface, or a deformed plane.
  • the flat panel display described in the application also includes a flat display or a curved display; in the projection display mode, the stereoscopic image generated by the stereoscopic image generating portion is projected onto the developing optical component for display.
  • the stereoscopic image is composed of a plurality of stereoscopic pixels, and the stereoscopic pixels can be generated by the stereoscopic pixel component, and the 3D stereoscopic image can be displayed by an array of a plurality of stereoscopic pixel components.
  • the array can be rectangular or circular or any other shape.
  • the array of all components in this specification is described by taking a common matrix as an example. The following will pass through 1. the embodiment of the light mixing mirror assembly, 2. 3D pixel matrix embodiment, 3. dynamic focus zoom lens embodiment, 4. multi-level stereo image embodiment, 5. full static stereo display embodiment will be described.
  • a condensing mirror assembly is a lens group that magnifies the image distance without enlarging the area or amplifying the area.
  • the condensing mirror includes an imaging lens, a light mixer, and an optional correcting lens. Includes dynamic drive mechanism.
  • a light mixer is a cylindrical or tubular optical element that provides total reflection of light that strikes a boundary (eg, relative to a cylindrical lens) or an inner wall (eg, relative to a tubular mirror). The light mixer can be fixed or integrated with adjacent static components or produced as a single unit.
  • the blender can be a dynamic blender or a static blender.
  • the dynamic blender includes a dynamic focus blender or a dynamic zoom blender that can achieve a wide range of image distance changes with a small electrical adjustment.
  • the dynamic focus blending mirror includes a dynamic drive mechanism, an imaging lens, a light mixer, and an optional corrective mirror, and may further include a developing optical component;
  • the dynamic zoom blender includes an electronically controlled zoom imaging lens, a light mixer, and an optional
  • the correcting mirror may further comprise a developing optical component;
  • the dynamic mixing mirror realizes the modulation of the image distance by dynamically driving the imaging lens, and the dynamic mixing mirror may be sealed in a vacuum transparent environment to reduce the influence of air;
  • the static mixing mirror includes a preset static mixing mirror or a stationary mixing mirror, both of which include an imaging lens, a light mixer, and an optional correcting mirror, and may further include a developing optical component; preset static light mixing
  • the relative position of the mirrored imaging lens to the light mixer or display pixel is temporarily fixed, non-permanently fixed, and the relative position is separately adjustable; the position of the imaging lens and the light mixer of the fixed mixing mirror is fixed.
  • Static mixing mirrors modulate the image distance by dynamically driving the 3D pixel elements or changing the object distance of the imaging lens.
  • the components of the static mixing mirror can be fixed or integrated into one unit or produced as a single unit.
  • the mixing mirror portion will be described in terms of the structure of the two embodiments, and the static mixing mirror embodiment will be described in the 2.2--3D pixel matrix embodiment.
  • the dynamic or static image displayed or projected by the flat media is dynamically focus-imaged by the dynamic blending mirror matrix, and the mixed mirror performs dynamic focus imaging on each display pixel unit, and the real image formed by each pixel
  • the image distance also changes.
  • the distance between the image and the lens and the driving voltage or current of the focusing are adjusted.
  • the pixel image of the mixed pixel unit with different image distances is obtained, which is larger than the original image area.
  • a slightly larger stereo dynamic color real image the color and image distance of the stereoscopic real image are similar to the original solid real image.
  • the three-dimensional real image is formed by imaging through a lens or a lens matrix to form a stereoscopic display; or the stereoscopic real image is projected onto the imaging optical component for imaging, thereby forming a stereoscopic projection system.
  • Its optical path principle is equivalent to the inverse process of reducing stereoscopic real-time imaging.
  • the imaging lens which can be dynamically focus or zoom is referred to as a focusing lens
  • the cylindrical lens, the tubular mirror or other optical components capable of achieving the same function are simply referred to as a light mixer, and the cross section thereof may be rectangular or circular.
  • Various suitable shapes, such as polygons, have a length greater than the cross-sectional diameter.
  • An image displayed or projected on a flat media is referred to as a display image.
  • the cross-sectional area of the light mixer is equal to the area of the pixel unit of the display image, and the area of the focusing mirror is equal or slightly smaller to facilitate motion.
  • the imaging lens can be used, but not limited to, a convex lens, a concave lens, a Fresnel lens, an electrically controlled zoom lens or other optical lens, and a lens set, which can be static or dynamic.
  • the focusing mirror images the display pixels within the blender or through the blender.
  • the light that hits the wall of the light mixer is imaged in the cross section of the light mixer after one or more total reflections.
  • the imaging distance is in accordance with the lens imaging formula, and the multiple total reflection light is imaged. Planar overlay for mixed light. Since the real image and the original pixel area are almost the same, the light mixing mirror realizes the enlargement of the image distance without enlarging the area of the display image.
  • the mating mirror matrix condenses the display images into real image pixels of different image distances by slightly adjusting the electrical characteristics of each focusing mirror, and the pixel units are combined into a solid real image.
  • the pixel imaging area is slightly enlarged, but due to the limitation of the cross-sectional area of the end of the mixing mirror, the pixel area imaged in a relatively close distance will only slightly change. It is also possible to adjust the imaging area by using a correcting lens at the end of the condenser.
  • a maternity matrix is mounted on the flat display device, and while the image is displayed on the display, the image distance of each focusing mirror in the mixing mirror is dynamically adjusted by using the image distance video data, and the image distance of the mixed light imaging is correspondingly changed.
  • the position produces a dynamic stereoscopic real image, and adjusting the contrast of the image distance video can adjust the height difference of the stereo real image, or adjust the degree of the stereoscopic effect of the 3D image.
  • the stereoscopic image can be imaged using a developing optical component, and the developing optical component can preferably employ a single or multiple combinations of a convex lens, a concave lens, a Fresnel lens, and the like.
  • the developing optical component can preferably employ a single or multiple combinations of a convex lens, a concave lens, a Fresnel lens, and the like.
  • a single large lens or microlens matrix is preferably employed.
  • the virtual image made by the real image. It is also possible to use a fog screen as a developing device so that the stereoscopic image is within the thickness range of the fog screen.
  • the solid real image can also be further projected onto the developing optical component through the projection lens, and the developing optical component can be a developing lens or a developing device, and the developing lens can be selected from, but not limited to, a single lens or a matrix or a matrix or A variety of combination mirrors, the imaging device can be a fog screen or other optics that can image a stereoscopic image.
  • the imaging device can be a fog screen or other optics that can image a stereoscopic image.
  • a method of focusing each pixel of a planar image by a light mixing mirror and reproducing a 3D original solid real image at the other end of the light mixing mirror which can be used to manufacture a stereoscopic display and a stereoscopic projector in practical applications, or other static or Dynamic stereoscopic display of media, instruments, equipment, systems.
  • the stereoscopic imaging system which can be directly viewed by the naked eye, can realize the restoration of the original stereoscopic real image, and thus the projection established in the reverse direction is also closest to the real stereoscopic scene. It is an ideal 3D stereo imaging method.
  • the present embodiment is mainly composed of a display image (1), a lens matrix (2) that can be dynamically focusned or zoomed, a light mixer matrix (3), and a storage drive circuit. The following will be explained separately.
  • FIGS. 2(a) and (b) are optical path schematic diagrams of an embodiment using a planar image device and a planar image generated by a projected real image as display images, respectively.
  • imaging methods for the planar image displayed by the display device, it can be focused and imaged by a convex lens, as shown in Fig. 2(a); for the real image image generated by projection, a convex lens can be used. Or a concave lens to focus on it, as shown in Figure 2(b). This description will focus on the analysis of the use of display devices.
  • the mixed mirror matrix is a matrix composed of a plurality of light mixing mirror assemblies, each of which includes an imaging lens (2) and a light mixing device (3).
  • the optional correction mirror (6) and the storage drive circuit portion, and the imaging lens (2) may be a focus adjustment mirror.
  • the image distance of each focusing mirror can be dynamically modulated separately. When not modulated, the focusing mirror projects the display pixel (1) into a real image (4) at a fixed position on the optical axis of the light mixer (3). When the focus mirror is modulated by the signal, the image distance of the projected real image changes. Referring to FIG. 3, FIG.
  • 3 is a side structural view of a 3D stereoscopic display including a light mixing mirror matrix and a liquid crystal display.
  • the image capturing distance of a column of the mixing mirror is different from that of the corresponding focusing mirror.
  • the pixel units of the planar image are respectively focused so that the imaging position corresponds to or proportional to the original image distance.
  • this stereoscopic real image can reproduce the color and distance of the original scene by re-projecting through the lens.
  • the virtual image can also be viewed directly through the lens (5) or the lens matrix.
  • the imaging lens (2) and the imaging lens (5) may be respectively used as a convex lens, a concave lens, a Fresnel lens or other optical lens or lens group, and the imaging may be located in the light mixer or outside the light mixer when the light is mixed
  • the correcting mirror (6) can be used to adjust the imaging pixel area, and the correcting mirror (6) can use a convex lens.
  • Display Example 1 of the Mixing Mirror Matrix Referring to FIG. 3, a developing lens matrix is formed at the rear end of the mixing mirror matrix, so that the display image is imaged by the condensing lens within a range in which the developing lens can be clearly enlarged, thus, on the front side of the lens You can see the solid virtual image with the naked eye.
  • This technique can be used to make stereoscopic displays.
  • the light mixing mirror focuses and condenses the RGB three-color light block pixel unit of the display, and mixes the light to become a mixed color light pixel unit. It is no longer a separate RGB color block, and the color is more natural.
  • the stereoscopic image formed by the light mixing mirror can be located in the light mixer or outside the light mixer.
  • the correcting mirror can be installed at the end of the mixing mirror to adjust the size of the imaging pixel.
  • the image lens may use a single or matrix or combined lens such as a convex lens, a concave lens, or a Fresnel lens, and the distance between the lens and the light mixer is adjustable.
  • the light source (28) images the planar display image (1) through the mixing mirror matrix (2, 3) (4) to make the light mixing
  • the stereoscopic image (4) formed by the mirror is located outside the matrix of the mixing mirror, so that the stereoscopic image distance varies within the focal length and the double focal length of the projection lens (7), thus forming a set of 3D stereo projectors.
  • the 3D stereoscopic real image projected by the 3D stereo projector is displayed by the imaging optical component, and the 3D stereo motion image can be seen by the naked eye.
  • FIG. 4(b) is an embodiment in which a concave mirror (9) is used as a developing lens, and the concave mirror has an amplification effect, and the 3D solid image projected into the focal length of the concave mirror (9) is enlarged into an erect virtual image.
  • the stereoscopic image pixels projected by the 3D projector (8) are respectively located at different positions between the focus of the concave mirror (9) and the mirror surface, and the virtual image formed is correspondingly enlarged to different positions, according to the concave mirror imaging formula, the projection The distance u between the image points and the focus f is different, and the virtual image distance v is different.
  • Fig. 4(c) is an embodiment in which a fixed-mixing mirror matrix is used as a developing lens, and the fixed mixing mirror (27) has a concave lens at one end and a convex mirror at one end.
  • the convex mirror is a concave mirror with respect to the inside of the light mixing mirror.
  • the stereoscopic image projected by the projector is magnified by the concave lens at the front end and the imaging range of the concave mirror.
  • the imaging of the projected image by the concave mirror passes through the concave lens and is located in the concave lens.
  • the range therefore, a stereoscopic image of the enlarged image distance can be seen through the concave lens. Adjust the object distance of the projection lens and the control current or voltage of the focusing lens so that the final image is clearly displayed within a predetermined imaging range.
  • the position of each viewer (10) is different, and the angle of the image seen is also different.
  • the present invention truly realizes the original scene reproduction.
  • the stereo image seen is more realistic and natural.
  • the size of the mixing mirror matrix is divided into two sizes.
  • the large size is easy to process.
  • the small size can be fabricated by integrated circuit technology or other micro-electromechanical processing technology.
  • the structure of the mixing mirror matrix is simple and easy. machining.
  • the matrices of the light diffuser can be interposed by using a grooved double-sided reflector (29) as shown in the embodiment of Figure 14.
  • 14(a) and 14(b) are a plan view and a cross-sectional view, respectively, and Fig. 14(c) is a combined state.
  • the focusing lens comprises an imaging lens (2) and a dynamic driving mechanism, and the imaging lens (2) is mounted on the display device (1) or the light mixer through the elastic member (11) (3) Upper or adjacent components.
  • Fig. 5 (b) and (c) are schematic views showing the contraction and expansion of the elastic member, respectively, and the imaging lens is moved on the side of the elastic member.
  • Fig. 5(d)(e)(f) is another configuration in which the elastic member is positioned around the imaging lens and the imaging lens can be moved in the range of both sides of the elastic member.
  • the shape of the imaging lens (2) may be a circle, a rectangle, a rounded rectangle, a polygon or other suitable shape, and the elastic element portion may be a single layer, a multilayer, a spiral or other structural shape, and may be located around the imaging lens, two Side, top, bottom.
  • the number of elastic elements can be determined as needed.
  • the imaging lens can be static or dynamic, the static imaging lens (2) can be combined with the light mixer (3) as a whole, as shown in Figure 2, the imaging lens (2) can also be combined with the light mixer (3)
  • the correcting lens (6) is combined as a whole, and can also be combined with the light mixer (3) and the developing lens (5) as a whole to be produced as one component.
  • the two ends of a cylindrical lens are an imaging lens and a developing lens, respectively.
  • the required lens length is calculated by the lens imaging formula, and the length can be selected through a test and calculation in a wide range, generally Select a focal length greater than three times the lens.
  • the entire matte matrix can be packaged in a transparent vacuum environment to reduce the effects of air.
  • the focus mirror includes an imaging lens (2) and an elastic member (11), the imaging lens is connected with one or more elastic members, and the other end of the elastic member is mounted on the display device or mixed light
  • the imaging lens surface (13) is filled with a high-voltage negative charge by means of an electret, and transparent conductive layers (14) and (12) are respectively formed on the opposite surfaces of the display device (1) and the light mixer (3).
  • the conductive layers (14) and (12) constitute an approximately uniform electric field, and the symmetric positive and negative modulation voltages are applied to (14) and (12). According to Coulomb's law, the imaging lens (2) and the upper and lower conductive layers will generate corresponding repulsive forces.
  • the driving circuit is as shown in Fig. 6(b) Shown. It is also possible to adopt a differently varied driving method for the structure, the form or the driving principle for the modulation.
  • the imaging rule as shown in FIG. 3 is realized by correspondingly modulating each pixel. That is, through a small electric adjustment, a three-dimensional real image projection with a large depth of field is realized.
  • Electrostatic field drive 2 The structure is the same as above, without using the electret method, a transparent electrode is formed on the surface of the imaging lens (13) and a modulation voltage is applied. Applying a constant symmetrical positive and negative voltage between the conductive films (12) and (14), the imaging lens carries the modulated charge that will be driven in an electric field to an equilibrium position with the elastic element. In this way, the modulation of the entire matrix is achieved. It is also possible to adopt a differently varied driving method for the structure, the form or the driving principle for the modulation.
  • the focus adjustment lens comprises an imaging lens (2) and a bimetal electric heating spring (11), the imaging lens is connected with a plurality of bimetal pieces, and the other end of the bimetal piece is mounted on the display device or mixed
  • the bimetallic spring (11) can be formed into a single layer, a multilayer or other structural shape to effect thermal deformation to drive the imaging lens.
  • the bimetal is bent upwards or downwards when heated, and drives the imaging lens when deformed.
  • the bimetal is symmetrically fused into the modulated current, and the bimetal is deformed by resistance heat to drive the imaging lens to move, thereby realizing modulation of the pixel image distance.
  • Figure 6 (d) is the principle of the drive circuit.
  • the electronically controlled zoom lens (2) is an optical device that changes the focal length of the lens by applying a voltage or current, and the zoom simultaneously achieves modulation of the image distance.
  • the electronically controlled zoom lens has no macroscopic moving parts, so it can be integrated with the light mixer (3).
  • the condenser can be a cylindrical lens (3) or a tubular mirror (15).
  • the use of an electronically controlled zoom lens will make the matrix of the mixing mirror simple. According to the lens imaging formula, the distance and size between the components can be calculated.
  • the display screen, the zoom lens and the light mixer can be manufactured together into one entity, thereby improving the whole. Device reliability.
  • the focal length of the imaging lens can be selected with reference to the lens diameter, and preferably a range of 2:1 to 1:2 can be selected.
  • the length of the lenticule is preferably selected to be more than three times the focal length of the imaging lens.
  • the focal length of the correcting lens is determined experimentally, and the focal length of the developing lens is obtained by calculation, which is calculated based on the focal length of the focusing lens, the amplitude, and the depth of field of the stereoscopic image that is desired to be projected.
  • a 3D pixel matrix is a matrix composed of a plurality of independent pixel components, each of which includes a pixel element (19), an optional substrate portion (20), and a memory. And the driver circuit portion (21), the height of each pixel element (19) can be separately modulated.
  • the pixel element (19) may be a self-illuminating element such as an LED, an OLED or the like, or a dynamic color image may be projected by the image projector (23) onto the front or back side of the pixel element (19). When projected onto the back side, the pixel element (19) may use a diffused light device; when projected onto the front side, the pixel element (19) may use a reflective optical device.
  • a curved mirror can also be used.
  • the curved mirror further reflects the projected image and functions as a reflective light element and an imaging lens.
  • the following is an example of a method of projecting to the front side as an example.
  • the 3D voxel matrix (22) is separately dynamically modulated for each pixel unit, and the image formed on the surface of the 3D pixel matrix (22) is a stereoscopic color dynamic relief statue, and the stereoscopic relief image is imaged by a developing lens or a lens matrix.
  • the stereoscopic display screen or the stereoscopic screen is formed; or the stereoscopic relief statue is projected onto the imaging lens or the lens matrix to form a stereoscopic projection system. As described in the section before section 2.1.
  • FIG. 10(a) is a structural diagram of a pixel assembly including a pixel display device (24) and an elastic element portion (11).
  • Both ends of the elastic element (11) are respectively connected to the pixel display device (24) and the substrate (20) for carrying the dynamic pixel element.
  • a matrix of storage and drive circuits is fabricated on the circuit board (21) to drive each of the pixel elements.
  • the pixel display device can move up and down within a certain range under the action of the elastic member and the driving force.
  • the shape of the pixel display element can be made into a circle, a rectangle, a rounded rectangle, a polygon, or other suitable shape.
  • the elastic member portion may be formed in a single layer, a plurality of layers, a spiral or other structural shape, located around, on both sides, above or below the pixel portion.
  • the entire 3D stereoscopic imaging device can be packaged in a transparent vacuum environment to reduce the effects of air.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 When the 3D pixel matrix and the static mixing mirror are combined, the system shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 is formed, and the difference between the dynamic focusing and the zoom mixing mirror described above is the mixing mirror and the pixel structure.
  • a static mixing mirror is used to image the lens (2) Fixedly mounted on the light mixer (3), the 3D pixel element (1) is driven to realize the modulation of the image distance, the stereoscopic dynamic image generated by the combination of the 3D pixel matrix and the static mixing mirror, and FIG. 3 is shown in FIG.
  • the imaging lens of the static mixing mirror can be integrated with the light mixer as a whole, and can be combined with the light mixer and the correcting lens as a whole, and can be combined with the light mixing device, the correcting lens and the developing optical component as a whole.
  • a fixed type of mixing mirror mainly includes an imaging convex lens, a cylindrical lens and a developing concave lens, and the three can be combined into one element, as shown in Fig. 11 (a) of the mixing mirror matrix (27).
  • a preferred embodiment includes an image projector (23), a 3D pixel matrix (22), a diffractive mirror matrix (27), and corresponding accessories.
  • the inside of the mixing mirror matrix (27) is an imaging lens, and the outside is a developing lens, which acts to magnify the image distance to the 3D pixel matrix (22).
  • the color value video is projected onto the back side of the 3D pixel matrix by the image projector (23) or projected onto the front side through the mixing mirror matrix (27) to realize color restoration of the pixel matrix.
  • the projected image is projected through the blending mirror onto the reflective pixel elements of the 3D pixel matrix.
  • the 3D pixel matrix drives the modulated pixel elements through the image distance video, and the image reflected by the pixel elements is modulated by the 3D pixel matrix.
  • Image distance reduction of the pixel matrix is achieved by imaging the imaging lens and the lenticular lens in the imaging range of the imaging lens.
  • Each pixel displays both the color and brightness of the image and the imaging distance of the image pixels. The viewer can see the 3D stereoscopic image of the enlarged image distance through the blender matrix (27).
  • the image projector (23) projects the color value video onto the back side of the 3D pixel matrix
  • the pixel display device can employ a scattered light element.
  • another preferred embodiment includes an image projector (23), a 3D pixel matrix (22), a projection lens (7) and corresponding accessories, combined into a 3D projector (8).
  • the color value video is projected onto the back side of the 3D pixel matrix (22) by the built-in image projector (23), thereby realizing color reproduction of the pixel matrix.
  • the image-distance reduction of the pixel matrix is achieved by driving the modulation pixel matrix through the storage and driving circuit of the video through the 3D pixel matrix.
  • Each pixel displays both the color and brightness of the image and the imaging distance of the image pixels.
  • a 3D stereoscopic color dynamic relief statue After being projected and modulated on the back side of the 3D pixel matrix, a 3D stereoscopic color dynamic relief statue is formed. According to the reversible principle of the optical path, the stereoscopic relief statue can be reproduced to reproduce the color and distance of the original scene.
  • the subsequent embodiment is equivalent to the system shown in FIG. It is also possible to add a fixed type of mixing mirror at the front end of the 3D pixel matrix (22) to increase the magnification of the image distance. Its structure is the same as shown in Figure 4.
  • Processing of 3D pixel matrix The structure of the 3D pixel matrix is simple, the processing technology can adopt integrated circuit fabrication process, or other microelectromechanical processing technology, and these technologies are quite mature and fully applicable to the processing of the components described in the present invention.
  • the 3D pixel matrix has a variety of suitable structures and driving methods, as illustrated below.
  • Electrostatic field drive Refer to Figure 10(a), the structure of which has been previously described. The drive principle and method are described in Sections 2.1.1 and 2.1.2 with respect to Figure 6(a)(b).
  • the pixel element includes a pixel display device (24), a bimetal electrothermal spring portion (11), an optional substrate portion (20), and a driver circuit portion (21), and the pixel display device is connected. There are a plurality of bimetallic springs, and the other end of the bimetal spring is fixed to the substrate portion or adjacent other components.
  • the structure and driving method are described in section 2.1.3 with respect to Figure 6(c)(d).
  • the pixel element includes a magnetic pixel element (24), an elastic element portion (11), an electromagnetic element (26), an optional substrate portion (20), and a driving circuit portion (21), and magnetic
  • the magnetic field axis direction of the pixel element is perpendicular to the plane, and the electromagnetic element (26) is mounted or fabricated on the substrate below the magnetic pixel element.
  • the magnetic field axis direction of the electromagnetic element is perpendicular to the plane of the magnetic pixel element, and the elastic element (11) is connected to the pixel display device (24).
  • the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil when the coil of the electromagnetic element is supplied with the modulated current, the magnetic field of the electromagnetic coil generates a suction or repulsive force to the magnetic pixel element to drive the magnetic pixel element to move, thereby realizing modulation of the pixel image distance.
  • Electromagnetic drive Referring to FIG. 10(d), an electromagnetic coil (26) is mounted on the upper, lower or the periphery of the pixel element (24), and is mounted on the elastic element, and a tubular magnet (25) is disposed on the periphery of the pixel element, and the two poles of the magnet are in the two end. Modulation of the pixel elements is achieved by driving the electromagnetic coils to move in a magnetic field.
  • the tubular magnet can be part of a light mixing mirror.
  • a speaker structure can also be employed to fabricate the dynamic drive assembly.
  • the pixel element (24) may also be an imaging lens for image distance modulation of a planar image.
  • Dynamic focus, zoom lens embodiment Referring to Figure 8, comprising a focusing lens (18) and a developing lens (5), the real image formed by the imaging lens on the display pixel is displayed through the developing lens, when the imaging lens (2) is along When the optical axis moves, the imaging distance of the pixel will also change, and this change in distance is displayed by the developing lens.
  • the zoom lens can be a single or multiple lens combination. It is also possible to replace the focusing mirror with an electronically controlled zoom lens. It is also possible to add a light absorbing spacer or a light absorbing sleeve (17) between the pixel elements for reducing light dyeing between the pixels. A correcting lens can also be added between the focusing mirror (18) and the developing lens (5) to adjust the pixel size of the last image.
  • the stereoscopic dynamic color image formed by the light mixing mirror matrix or the dynamic focusing and zoom lens matrix is imaged through a lens or a lens matrix to form a stereoscopic display; or the stereoscopic dynamic color image is projected onto the imaging lens again to form an image, and then the composition is composed.
  • Stereo projection system As described in the section before section 2.1.
  • Multi-level stereo image embodiment If a pixel component displays a plurality of different colors and image distances within one frame of video time, a multi-level stereo image can be generated.
  • the ordinary stereoscopic display only shows a stereoscopic effect of one level, and the technique of the present invention can display multi-surface stereoscopic images of multiple levels.
  • a sphere suspended on a stereoscopic background can be displayed by three layers: 1. a stereo background layer (30); 2. a spherical back stereoscopic layer (31); 3. a spherical front stereoscopic layer (32).
  • the three layers of image data are alternately displayed in the same frame rate, including the color data and the image distance data of each pixel, so that a multi-angle stereoscopic image with three stereoscopic layers is simultaneously displayed.
  • the technology can display a myriad of three-dimensional layers, and the display principle of each layer is like the single-layer display principle disclosed above.
  • the data format used in this mode contains multi-layer image data.
  • Each pixel data contains corresponding single layer or multi-layer image data information.
  • Full static stereo display Display a static 3D stereo image on a medium.
  • the following two embodiments are used to illustrate the principle of full static stereoscopic display: 1. Pre-mixed mode; 2. Fixed mode.
  • a preferred repeatable pre-mixing unit includes an imaging lens (2), a lens holder (28), a tubular mirror (15), and Imaging lens (5).
  • the inner wall of the tubular mirror has a reflective layer that acts as a light mixer.
  • the imaging lens is mounted on the lens holder, and the lens holder is fixed in the tubular mirror tube by friction.
  • a device similar to a CNC milling machine is used to hold a probe with a suction cup, and each imaging lens in the matrix is sucked and pushed one by one to the position required for imaging. Then, the adjusted blending mirror matrix is fixed on the surface of the developing medium according to the set distance, and the viewer can see the static stereoscopic three-dimensional image from the developing lens.
  • This method is very suitable for the application of the advertising industry.
  • Fig. 12(b) another embodiment in which a concave lens is used as the developing lens (5) is used.
  • a preferred fixed mixing mirror unit includes an imaging lens, a light mixer, and an imaging lens that secures the imaging lens to one end of the light mixer.
  • the data of the required object distance is calculated based on the image distance to be presented by the image. Fix all the imaging lens and the mixer combination according to the object distance, and then cut the end surface of the other end of the mixer without the neatness, and then fix the developing lens by calculating the imaging distance.
  • the developing lens may be a convex lens, a concave lens, a Fresnel lens, etc., and the imaging lens and the light mixing device may be cast into one piece.
  • a planar lithography process, an ion exchange process, or other optical micromachining process can be used.
  • a photoresist hot melt process can be used.
  • the array of stereoscopic pixel components can be packaged in a transparent vacuum environment, and the array of stereoscopic pixel components can be packaged together with the development optical component in a transparent vacuum environment to reduce the influence of air.
  • the present invention can use any of the obtained color value video files and corresponding image distance video files or a combination of files.
  • the color value video file and the image are played synchronously with the video file to achieve simultaneous restoration of color and image distance.
  • 3D image distance information such as calculating the original image distance of 3D computer animation or directly outputting the object distance information of the object distance or image distance information and any other obtained stereo image through 3D software.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of two types of light mixing mirrors of one embodiment.
  • 3 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an embodiment of a 3D stereoscopic display.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the construction of an embodiment of a 3D stereo projector.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a focus adjustment mirror of an embodiment.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the construction of a focusing mirror of two driving modes of one embodiment.
  • Figure 7 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of a light mixing mirror employing an electrically controlled zoom lens.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an embodiment of a dynamic focus mirror.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the construction of a 3D pixel matrix embodiment.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the construction of three types of stereoscopic pixel assembly embodiments.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the construction of two 3D stereo projector embodiments.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the construction of two pre-mixed mirror embodiments.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the application of a static light mixing mirror.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic diagram showing the construction of a tab-type hybrid mirror matrix.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a display showing three solid layers.
  • a cylindrical lens having a section equal to the size of the pixel developing unit is fabricated, such as an acrylic rod or other optical material, and the cylindrical surface is plated with a reflective layer according to the focal length, amplitude and desired projection of the focusing lens.
  • the depth of field of the stereo image is calculated by the lens imaging formula to calculate the required length.
  • the length can be selected through a test and calculation over a wide range, and generally more than three times the focal length of the lens can be selected.
  • the focal length of the lens can be selected with reference to the lens diameter. Generally, the range of 2:1 to 1:2 can be selected.
  • the cylindrical mirror is polished at both ends. The end of the cylindrical mirror is flat and the other end is polished into a convex lens.
  • the cylindrical mirrors are combined into a matrix in the same direction.
  • an integrated circuit manufacturing process or other micro is used.
  • Electromechanical processing technology corresponding to each cylindrical mirror to produce a transparent electrode layer, an elastic element, an imaging lens and a driving circuit, the imaging lens matrix can be fabricated by a planar lithography process, an ion exchange process or other optical micromachining process, preferably light can be used Engraved hot melt method.
  • Imaging lens surface treatment and driving method refer to the technical scheme "2.1 Hybrid mirror assembly embodiment", "2.2 The method described in the 3D pixel matrix embodiment.
  • the lenticular matrix and the focusing mirror matrix are combined into a light mixing mirror matrix, the mixing mirror matrix is mounted in a rectangular tubular fixing member, and the fixing member is mounted on the display surface, so that each of them
  • the lenticular lens corresponds to each display pixel.
  • the distance between the condensing mirror and the display screen is adjusted so that the imaging lens images the pixels near the outside of the lenticule.
  • the displayed image is on the outside of the lenticule.
  • the matricity matrix is fixed, and a large lens or microlens matrix is used as a developing lens to be mounted at a certain position above the cylindrical lens, and the developing lens may be a convex lens or a concave lens, so that the cylindrical lens is imaged in the developing lens.
  • the imaging range a 3D stereoscopic image can be seen on the developing lens.
  • each pixel size is 5mm*5mm, the resolution is 1920*1080, and the display pixels adopt three primary color LEDs, which are matched with corresponding display driving circuits, which is an ordinary 120-inch LED display.
  • the imaging lens and the elastic member are manufactured with reference to FIG. 5(d)(e)(f).
  • the imaging lens is a convex lens, and the imaging lens is made of a lightweight optical material.
  • the electromagnetic coil is mounted on or under the imaging lens, and the elastic element can be used as a figure.
  • the structure of 5(d) is fabricated by photolithography on a thin elastic material, and other microelectromechanical methods can be used to process the elastic member. Refer to "2.2.4" in the manual.
  • the tubular magnet (27) has a unit sectional size equal to the pixel size of the display, and the tubular magnet matrix of the overall structure is manufactured with reference to the pattern of FIG. 14(c), the wall thickness 0.2mm, the depth can be twice the amplitude of the focusing lens.
  • the focal length of the focusing lens can be selected from 3mm-10mm, the length and width are slightly smaller than 4.8mm, and the choice can be 4.6mm to 4.4mm or less to ensure the tubular magnetic When moving in the body, it will not touch the wall of the tube and reduce the gap as much as possible.
  • the method of Figure 14 is used to make the matrix of the mixing mirror, the depth of which is greater than 3 times the focal length of the focusing lens.
  • the focusing lens is mounted on one end of the mixing mirror, and the driving electrode can be led out to the outside of the mixing mirror by a transparent conductive material, and the corresponding image distance video driving circuit is installed. At the other end of the mixing mirror matrix, the manufacturing is performed. Correcting the lens matrix, mounted on the light mixing mirror, the correcting lens is a convex lens. The end with the focusing lens is close to the LED display screen and corresponding to each pixel, and the distance between the focusing lens and the display screen is adjusted so that the imaging lens is opposite to the pixel.
  • Imaging on the outside of the cylinder Nearly, using the image distance video data to drive the focusing lens, the displayed image is within a certain range outside the cylindrical lens. Fix the mixing mirror matrix, and use a convex lens matrix or a concave lens matrix as a developing lens to be mounted at a certain position above the cylindrical lens. In order to image the lenticular lens within the imaging range of the developing lens, a 3D stereoscopic image can be seen on the developing lens.
  • a stereoscopic projector Referring to Embodiment 1 and FIG. 4, the development lens in Embodiment 1 is eliminated, and a high-intensity projection light source is used as a display light source, and the displayed image is modulated by a dynamic focus mixing mirror and then outside the correction lens.
  • a high-brightness stereoscopic image is presented. Referring to FIG. 4, a 3D stereoscopic image can be seen on the developing lens by mounting an appropriate projection lens onto a large concave mirror or a fog screen at a distance.
  • the imaging lens can also use a single or matrix or group of lenses of convex, concave, Fresnel or other optical lenses. It is further possible to reduce the volume of the mixture matrix within the range that can be processed in the prior art to reduce the volume of the projector.
  • Example 2 refers to the technical scheme "2.2 In the 3D Pixel Matrix Embodiment" "Reproduction of 3D Real Scene” section and FIG. 11(a), and the dynamic drive mechanism portion described in Embodiment 2, a 3D pixel matrix is formed on a large plane or a micro concave surface.
  • the difference in Example 2 is mainly that the dynamic driving mechanism is for driving the pixel display element instead of the imaging lens, and the 3D pixel matrix is used instead of the display and the focusing lens portion of Embodiment 2, and a fixed type of mixing mirror matrix is prepared with reference to FIG. 11(a).
  • the image projector (23) is used to project the color value video onto the back of the 3D pixel matrix or through the maternity matrix (27) to the front side, and adjust the focus of the projector to make the image clearly projected onto the surface of the 3D pixel matrix.
  • 3D pixels The matrix drives the modulating pixel elements by the image distance video.
  • the image scattered or reflected by the pixel elements is modulated by the 3D pixel matrix, and the imaging lens and the lenticular lens are imaged in the imaging range of the developing lens, and the distance between the focusing mirror and the 3D pixel matrix is adjusted.
  • the imaging lens and the lenticular lens are imaged in the imaging range of the developing lens, and the distance between the focusing mirror and the 3D pixel matrix is adjusted.
  • a dynamic mixing mirror screen stereo projector Referring to Embodiment 2, replacing the LED display with a projection screen, referring to Embodiment 4, projecting the color value video to the back surface of the projection screen by the image projector (23) (scattering screen) ) or projected through the maternity matrix to its front side (reflective screen).
  • the image projector (23) scattering screen
  • the maternity matrix projected through the maternity matrix to its front side (reflective screen).
  • 6.3D pixel matrix stereo projector refer to the technical scheme "2.2
  • the "3D real scene reproduction" portion of the 3D pixel matrix embodiment" and FIG. 5(d), FIG. 10(d), and FIG. 11(b) are fabricated on a transparent substrate using an integrated circuit fabrication process or other microelectromechanical processing techniques.
  • 3D pixel matrix and dynamic driving component Referring to FIG. 5(d), an elastic element is produced, in which the imaging lens (2) is changed into a scattered light pixel display device, refer to "2.1".
  • the structure and driving method of the focusing lens in the embodiment of the light mixing mirror assembly and the dynamic driving component are produced in FIGS. 6 and 10, and the driving circuit refers to the transparent driving circuit process of the liquid crystal display. Referring to FIG.
  • the developing lens can be a large concave mirror or a fog screen, and the developing lens can also be used.
  • 3D stereoscopic media Referring to FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, on a flat display medium, such as an advertising light box, the preset hybrid lens array shown in FIG. 12 is mounted on the surface thereof, or the fixed light mixing shown in FIG. 13 is installed.
  • Mirror array its manufacturing method refers to "2.5" in the technical solution
  • the structure of the light mixing mirror can be variously selected according to the description in the specification, and is not limited to the drawings.
  • stereoscopic display In practical applications, it is preferably used for manufacturing stereoscopic displays, stereoscopic projectors, stereoscopic displays of flat media, or other media, toys, instruments, equipment, systems, and various applications that require static or dynamic stereoscopic display. .

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  • Multimedia (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'affichage d'images tridimensionnelles. En l'occurrence, on réalise une imagerie par projection à focalisation dynamique appliquée aux pixels d'une image plane au moyen d'une matrice de lentilles mélangeuses à focalisation dynamique, au moyen d'une matrice de lentilles mélangeuses à zoom dynamique, ou au moyen d'une matrice de pixels tridimensionnelle. L'image tridimensionnelle obtenue est visualisée par une lentille d'affichage d'images ou est projetée sur un écran d'affichage d'image. Une image tridimensionnelle réelle reproduite peut être observée à l'oeil nu.
PCT/CN2010/076823 2009-09-14 2010-09-13 Procédé d'affichage de reproduction d'image tridimensionnelle perceptible à l'œil nu WO2011029409A1 (fr)

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