WO2011027767A1 - Intermittently operating wireless device and intermittently operating wireless control method - Google Patents

Intermittently operating wireless device and intermittently operating wireless control method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011027767A1
WO2011027767A1 PCT/JP2010/064888 JP2010064888W WO2011027767A1 WO 2011027767 A1 WO2011027767 A1 WO 2011027767A1 JP 2010064888 W JP2010064888 W JP 2010064888W WO 2011027767 A1 WO2011027767 A1 WO 2011027767A1
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power supply
sleep
power
supply circuit
wireless communication
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PCT/JP2010/064888
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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立 鄭
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株式会社 山武
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0261—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level
    • H04W52/0274—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level by switching on or off the equipment or parts thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • the present invention relates to a wireless technology, and more particularly to a power-saving wireless technology for reducing power consumption of a wireless device that operates intermittently.
  • a wireless sensor network including a plurality of wireless devices (nodes) having a sensor function
  • an event that has occurred is detected by each wireless device
  • an event detected by each wireless device is detected via wireless communication between the wireless device and the management device.
  • This is a system collected by the management device.
  • Applications to which this wireless sensor network is applied include water meter, electricity, gas meter reading, plant, factory, building equipment periodic inspection, fire, earthquake, hazardous gas emergency notification, suspicious person approach monitoring
  • events may occur once every few months, or once every few years for longer ones. For this reason, event-driven wireless sensor networks are desirable.
  • the sensor circuit and the wireless circuit are intermittently operated, and when not operating, the power supply from the battery to the sensor circuit and the wireless circuit is stopped and the CPU is operated with low current consumption.
  • a technique for reducing power consumption in a wireless device by shifting to a sleep state has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • the current consumption during wireless communication operation in the wireless circuit is about several tens mA, and the operation time is about several milliseconds.
  • the CPU returns from the sleep state at intervals of several seconds to several minutes, performs a wireless communication operation by the wireless circuit, and shifts to the sleep state again.
  • the circuit unit such as a timer for holding data in the RAM memory inside the CPU and measuring the return timing from the sleep state In this case, a slight current of about several ⁇ A is required.
  • a wireless device that operates on a battery is obtained by converting a battery voltage supplied from a battery, such as a DC / DC converter or a DC / DC regulator (charge pump), having a wide allowable range of input voltage values into a DC voltage.
  • a power supply circuit that supplies operating power is used.
  • Such a DC voltage conversion type power supply circuit has good conversion efficiency when the output current is large to some extent, but when only a small current flows as the output current, the conversion efficiency is greatly reduced. For example, in order to supply an output current of about several ⁇ A, an input current of several tens ⁇ A or more, that is, a quiescent current is required. Therefore, according to the conventional wireless device, the smaller the current value consumed in the sleep state, the more wasteful power consumption occurs in the power circuit, and the life of the battery is shortened. There was a problem that the battery life would be longer if not used.
  • a DC voltage conversion type power supply circuit is used in a case where wireless communication is intermittently performed with an intermittent operation cycle of 60 seconds across a sleep state where the sleep current is 2 ⁇ A. If not, the average power consumption is 7.2 ⁇ W and the battery life is 9 years. In contrast, when a DC voltage conversion type power supply circuit with a quiescent current of 100 ⁇ A is used, the average power consumption increases to 302 ⁇ W and the battery life is shortened to 0.2 years.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and even when the wireless communication is intermittently performed with a low-current-consumption sleep state while operating with a battery, it is a waste in a DC voltage conversion type power supply circuit.
  • the purpose is to provide a power-saving wireless technology that can suppress excessive power consumption.
  • an intermittent operation radio apparatus converts a battery voltage supplied from a battery into a DC voltage and supplies the obtained operation power, and an operation from the power supply circuit.
  • a wireless circuit that operates with a power source and transmits wireless radio waves, a wireless communication processing unit that controls the wireless circuit to perform wireless communication operation, and stops the wireless communication operation state and the wireless communication operation to operate with low current consumption
  • a CPU having an operation state control unit that intermittently switches and controls a sleep state for performing a sleep operation, a power supply control unit that controls DC voltage conversion in the power supply circuit and supply of operation power, and a CPU during the sleep state
  • a sleep power supply circuit for supplying a sleep operation power supply necessary for the sleep operation, and the power supply control unit changes the DC voltage from the power supply circuit during the wireless communication operation state. And to supply operating power, it is obtained so as to DC voltage stop the conversion and operating power of the power supply circuit during a period of sleep.
  • the power supply circuit converts the battery voltage supplied from the battery into a DC voltage and supplies the obtained operation power, and the operation state control unit of the CPU wirelessly An operation state control step for intermittently switching and controlling a wireless communication operation state in which a circuit is controlled to perform a wireless communication operation and a sleep state in which the wireless communication operation is stopped and a sleep operation is performed with low current consumption; and a CPU
  • a power supply control unit that controls the power supply circuit to execute DC voltage conversion and operation power supply during a wireless communication operation state, and to stop DC voltage conversion and operation power supply during a sleep state;
  • a power supply circuit including a step of supplying sleep operation power necessary for the sleep operation to the CPU during the sleep state.
  • the operation of the power supply circuit 11 can be completely stopped during the sleep state. For this reason, it is possible to suppress wasteful power consumption in the DC voltage conversion type power supply circuit even when the wireless communication is performed intermittently across the sleep state with a low current consumption by operating with a battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a wireless device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication process of the wireless device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a signal waveform diagram illustrating an operation of the wireless device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a wireless device according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a signal waveform diagram illustrating an operation of the wireless device according to the second embodiment.
  • the wireless device 10 has a function of intermittently performing wireless communication, and is used as a sensor node of a wireless sensor network, for example.
  • the wireless sensor network is a system that detects an event using a sensor function installed in a plurality of wireless devices, and collects the event notified from each wireless device via wireless communication.
  • Applications to which such a wireless sensor network is applied include water meter, electricity, gas meter reading, plant, factory, building equipment periodic inspection, fire, earthquake, toxic gas and other emergency reports, and suspicious person intrusion monitoring There are applications such as security systems and diagnostic inspection of bridge show breaks.
  • the wireless device 10 is provided with a power supply circuit 11, a wireless circuit 12, a CPU 13, and a sleep power supply circuit 14 as main circuit units.
  • the CPU 13 controls the power supply circuit 11 during the sleep state to stop the DC voltage conversion operation and the supply of the operating power, and controls the power supply circuit 11 during the wireless communication operation state to control the DC voltage.
  • the conversion operation and the supply of operation power are performed, and the sleep power supply circuit 14 supplies the sleep operation power necessary for the sleep operation to the CPU 13 during the sleep state.
  • the sleep operation power may be supplied to both the CPU 13 and the wireless circuit 12. Good.
  • the power supply circuit 11 is a circuit unit that converts the battery voltage Vb supplied from the battery BAT to the input terminal Vin into a DC voltage and supplies the obtained operating power supply from the output terminal Vout.
  • the control input terminal EN provided in the power supply circuit 11 is an input terminal for controlling the execution of the DC voltage conversion operation and the operation power supply of the power supply circuit 11 from the outside.
  • the power supply circuit 11 When an H level control signal PC is input to the control input terminal EN, the power supply circuit 11 starts a DC voltage conversion operation and starts supplying operating power, and an L level control signal PC is supplied to the control input terminal EN. Is input, the DC voltage conversion operation is stopped and the supply of operating power is stopped.
  • Some commercially available DC voltage conversion type power supply circuits have an operation control function using such a control input terminal EN (see Non-Patent Document 1, etc.). A power supply circuit may be used.
  • the radio circuit 12 is connected between the power supply line PL and the ground potential GND, operates with the operation power supplied from the power supply circuit 11 via the power supply line PL, and transmits the transmission data output from the CPU 13 to the antenna. Is a circuit unit that transmits by radio waves. Note that, in this embodiment, the case where only wireless transmission is performed intermittently from the wireless circuit 12 will be described as an example. However, when only wireless reception is performed intermittently instead of wireless transmission, further wireless transmission / reception is performed intermittently. The present invention can also be applied in the same manner.
  • the CPU 13 is an arithmetic processing circuit that realizes various processing units by reading and executing a program stored in the semiconductor memory in the CPU 13 or in a peripheral circuit.
  • the CPU 13 is connected between the power supply line PL and the ground potential GND, and operates with the operation power supplied from the power supply circuit 11 through the power supply line PL during the wireless communication operation period, and during the sleep state period. The operation is performed by the sleep operation power supplied from the sleep power circuit 14 through the power line PL.
  • a wireless communication processing unit 13A, an operation state control unit 13B, and a power supply control unit 13C are provided as main processing units realized by the CPU 13, a wireless communication processing unit 13A, an operation state control unit 13B, and a power supply control unit 13C are provided.
  • the wireless communication processing unit 13A has a function of controlling the wireless circuit 12 to perform a wireless communication operation in the wireless communication operation state.
  • the operation state control unit 13B uses an internal timer provided in the CPU 13 to intermittently switch between a wireless communication operation state and a sleep state in which the wireless communication operation is stopped and the sleep operation is performed with low current consumption. It has a function of switching control.
  • the power supply control unit 13C controls the power supply circuit during the sleep state to stop the DC voltage conversion operation and the operation power supply, and controls the power supply circuit during the wireless communication operation state to perform the DC voltage conversion operation and operation. It has a function of supplying power. In addition, what is necessary is just to utilize the function mounted in the commercially available general CPU for the sleep function of CPU13.
  • the sleep power supply circuit 14 is a circuit unit that supplies sleep operation power necessary for the sleep operation to the CPU during the sleep state.
  • the sleep power supply circuit 14 is connected between the power supply line PL through which the operation power is supplied from the power supply circuit 11 to the CPU 13 and the ground potential GND, and from the power supply circuit 11 during the wireless communication operation state.
  • the capacitor C is configured to store the supplied operating power and supply the stored power as a sleep operating power in response to the stop of the operating power.
  • the operation state control unit 13B of the CPU 13 always uses the internal timer of the CPU 13 for the intermittent operation cycle Tc, and executes the wireless communication process of FIG. 2 every time the timer expires and the wireless communication timing comes. To do. In addition, after the wireless communication process is completed, the operation state control unit 13B shifts the CPU 13 to a sleep state that operates with low current consumption until the next wireless communication timing comes.
  • the operation state control unit 13B switches the operation management flag in the CPU 13 to change the operation state of the CPU 13 from the normal sleep state where the current consumption is low. Return to the wireless communication operation state in which the wireless communication operation is performed by operating with the current consumption (step 100).
  • the power control unit 13C changes the control signal PC from the L (Low) level to the H (High) level to instruct the power supply circuit 11 to perform the DC voltage conversion operation and the operation power supply.
  • the power supply circuit 11 starts the DC voltage conversion operation when the control signal PC input to the control input terminal EN changes from the L level to the H level, and is supplied from the battery BAT to the input terminal Vin.
  • the battery voltage Vb is converted into a DC voltage, and the obtained operating power is supplied from the output terminal Vout.
  • the operation power supply started to be supplied from the power supply circuit 11 is supplied to the sleep power supply circuit 14 and the CPU 13 via the diode D1 and the power supply line PL.
  • the diode D1 has a current flowing from the capacitive element C to the output terminal Vout when the voltage at the output terminal Vout of the power supply circuit 11 is lower than the voltage Vs across the capacitive element C of the sleep power supply circuit 14 during the sleep state. This is a backflow prevention diode that prevents backflow. Note that the diode D ⁇ b> 1 is not necessary when a countercurrent countermeasure is taken inside the power supply circuit 11.
  • the capacitive element C of the sleep power supply circuit 14 stores the operating power supplied through the power supply line PL.
  • the CPU 13 and the wireless circuit 12 start operating at normal current consumption with the operation power supplied via the power line PL, and execute the wireless communication operation using the wireless circuit 12 by the wireless communication processing unit 13A. (Step 102). Thereby, for example, in the case of a wireless sensor network, an event detected by a sensor provided in the wireless device 10 is notified to the management device by wireless communication.
  • the power supply control unit 13C changes the control signal PC from H level to L level to Then, the DC voltage conversion operation and the operation power supply stop are instructed (step 103).
  • the operation state control unit 13B switches and sets the operation management flag in the CPU 13 to change the operation state of the CPU 13 from a wireless communication operation state in which a wireless communication operation is performed by operating at a normal current consumption. (Step 104), and a series of wireless communication processing is completed.
  • the supply voltage Vc supplied to the CPU 13 and the radio circuit 12 gradually increases from the voltage V1 at time T0 to the voltage V0.
  • the supply voltage Vc and the operation power supply voltage Vp of the operation power supply from the power supply circuit 11 change equally.
  • the supply voltage Vc becomes equal to the sleep operation power supply voltage Vs, which is the voltage across the capacitor C, until the wireless communication timing arrives at the time T2 when the intermittent operation cycle Tc has elapsed from the time T0 after the time T1, and the CPU 13
  • the current consumption Ic at the time decreases to the sleep current Is.
  • the capacity of the capacitive element C only needs to have a capacity capable of supplying a sleep operation power source including a sleep current and a minimum operation voltage necessary for the sleep operation of the CPU 13 at time T2 when the sleep state ends.
  • the sleep current required for the sleep operation of the CPU 13 is Is
  • the minimum operation voltage is V1
  • the sleep operation power supply voltage Vs at the time T1 at the start of the sleep operation is V0
  • the sleep period Ts indicating the sleep state time.
  • the CPU 13 controls the power supply circuit 11 during the sleep state to stop the DC voltage conversion operation and the supply of operation power, and controls the power supply circuit 11 during the wireless communication operation state.
  • the DC voltage conversion operation and the operation power supply are performed, and the sleep power supply circuit 14 supplies the sleep operation power necessary for the sleep operation to the CPU 13 during the sleep state.
  • the operation of the power supply circuit 11 can be completely stopped during the period. For this reason, it is possible to suppress wasteful power consumption in a DC voltage conversion type power supply circuit even when wireless communication is performed intermittently across a sleep state with a low current consumption while operating with a battery.
  • the sleep power supply circuit 14 stores the operation power supplied from the power supply circuit during the wireless communication operation state, and supplies the stored power supply as the sleep operation power supply when the operation power supply is stopped. Since the capacitive element is used, the sleep power supply circuit 14 can be realized with an extremely simple circuit element, and an increase in circuit scale and cost increase in the wireless device 10 can be suppressed.
  • the operation power supplied from the power supply circuit 11 during the wireless communication operation state is stored in the capacitive element C of the sleep power supply circuit 14, and the power supply circuit 11 receives the operation power during the sleep state.
  • the case where the supply of the operation power is stopped and the storage power stored in the capacitor C is supplied to the CPU 13 as the sleep operation power has been described.
  • the present embodiment a case will be described in which supply of operation power from the power supply circuit 11 is stopped and battery power of the battery BAT is supplied to the CPU 13 as sleep operation power during the sleep state.
  • the sleep power supply circuit 14 performs an on / off operation in accordance with a control signal PC from the CPU 13, thereby using the battery power supply of the battery BAT as a sleep operation power supply during the sleep state.
  • the transistor Q is supplied to the CPU 13 via the line PL and is configured to stop supplying the sleep operation power during the period of the wireless communication operation state.
  • a PMOSFET is used as the transistor Q, and a control signal PC is connected to the gate terminal.
  • a resistance element R is connected between the source terminal and the gate terminal.
  • the battery power is supplied from the battery BAT to the source terminal via the diode D2, and the drain terminal is connected to the power line PL.
  • the diode D2 is a backflow prevention diode that prevents a backflow of current from the power supply line PL to the battery BAT.
  • the diode D2 is not necessary when a countercurrent countermeasure is taken inside the battery BAT. Note that other circuit units of the radio apparatus according to the present embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and a detailed description thereof is omitted here.
  • the control signal PC is controlled to the L level, so that the transistor Q is turned on, and the battery power of the battery BAT is supplied to the CPU 13 via the power line PL as the sleep operating power. .
  • the control signal PC is controlled to H level during the wireless operation state, the transistor Q is turned off, and the supply of the sleep operation power using the battery power of the battery BAT is stopped.
  • the supply voltage Vc is the operating power supply from the power supply circuit 11. Is equal to the operating power supply voltage Vp.
  • the operation power from the power supply circuit 11 is stopped until the wireless communication timing arrives, and the sleep power supply from the sleep power supply circuit 14 to the power supply line PL Therefore, the supply voltage Vc becomes equal to the sleep operation power supply voltage Vs of the sleep power supply.
  • the present embodiment is not limited to this, and the present embodiment can be applied in the same manner as described above even when the battery voltage Vb is higher than the operating power supply voltage Vp.
  • the sleep power supply circuit 14 is turned on according to the control signal from the CPU indicating the period of the sleep state, and the transistor that supplies the battery power supplied from the battery BAT as the sleep operation power supply. Since it is configured, the operation of the power supply circuit 11 can be completely stopped during the sleep state as in the first embodiment. For this reason, it is possible to suppress wasteful power consumption in a DC voltage conversion type power supply circuit even when wireless communication is performed intermittently across a sleep state with a low current consumption while operating with a battery.
  • the battery power supplied from the battery BAT can be supplied as the sleep operation power supply, and the sleep operation can be performed even when the period length of the sleep state is relatively long. Power can be supplied stably.
  • the capacitive element C is used in the first embodiment, a larger capacitance is required as the period of the sleep state becomes longer, and the circuit area and component cost increase. Therefore, even if the period of the sleep state becomes long, the circuit area and the component cost do not increase.
  • SYMBOLS 10 ... Wireless device, 11 ... Power supply circuit, 12 ... Wireless circuit, 13 ... CPU, 13A ... Wireless communication processing part, 13B ... Operation state control part, 13C ... Power supply control part, 14 ... Sleep power supply circuit, BAT ... Battery, C ... capacitance elements, D1, D2 ... diodes, Q ... transistors, PC ... control signals, PL ... power supply lines.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
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Abstract

With a CPU (13), direct current voltage conversion operations and the supply of operation power are stopped by controlling a power circuit (11) during a hibernation mode and the direct current voltage conversion operations and the supply of operation power are performed by controlling the power circuit (11) during a wireless communication operation mode. Hibernation operation power that is necessary in hibernation operations is supplied to the CPU (13) during the hibernation mode by means of a hibernation power circuit (14).

Description

間欠動作無線装置および間欠動作無線制御方法Intermittent operation radio apparatus and intermittent operation radio control method
　本発明は、無線技術に関し、特に間欠的に動作する無線装置の消費電力を削減するための省電力無線技術に関する。 The present invention relates to a wireless technology, and more particularly to a power-saving wireless technology for reducing power consumption of a wireless device that operates intermittently.
　センサ機能を有する複数の無線装置（ノード）からなる無線センサネットワークでは、発生した事象を各無線装置で検出し、無線装置と管理装置との無線通信を介して、各無線装置で検出した事象を管理装置が収集するシステムである。
　このような無線センサネットワークが適用されるアプリケーションには、水道，電気，ガスの検針、プラント，工場，建物の設備定期検査、火災，地震，有害ガスなどの緊急通報、不審者進入監視のためのセキュリティシステム、架橋披露破壊の診断検査などのアプリケーションのように、数ヶ月に１回、長いものでは数年に１回程度の頻度で事象が発生する場合がある。このため、事象駆動型の無線センサネットワークが望ましい。 In a wireless sensor network including a plurality of wireless devices (nodes) having a sensor function, an event that has occurred is detected by each wireless device, and an event detected by each wireless device is detected via wireless communication between the wireless device and the management device. This is a system collected by the management device.
Applications to which this wireless sensor network is applied include water meter, electricity, gas meter reading, plant, factory, building equipment periodic inspection, fire, earthquake, hazardous gas emergency notification, suspicious person approach monitoring As in applications such as security systems and diagnostic tests for bridge destructive destruction, events may occur once every few months, or once every few years for longer ones. For this reason, event-driven wireless sensor networks are desirable.
　このようなアプリケーションでは、無線装置の動作電源として商用電源を利用することも考えられるが、設置環境によっては商用電源を利用できないケースがあるとともに、商用電源利用時のランニングコストも高いことから、無線装置の動作電源として電池を利用することが望ましい。
　しかしながら、広範囲に配置された複数の無線装置について頻繁に電池交換するのは、多くの作業負担を要し、保守コストの増大にもなる。このため、無線装置での消費電力を削減する必要がある。特に、各ノードでは、無線通信期間に応じて消費電力が変化するため、間欠的に設けた無線通信期間で事象情報を効率よく転送することが望ましい。 In such applications, it may be possible to use a commercial power supply as the operating power supply for the wireless device. However, depending on the installation environment, there may be cases where the commercial power supply cannot be used, and the running cost when using the commercial power supply is high. It is desirable to use a battery as the operating power supply for the device.
However, frequent battery replacement of a plurality of wireless devices arranged over a wide range requires a lot of work load and increases maintenance costs. For this reason, it is necessary to reduce power consumption in the wireless device. In particular, since power consumption changes in each node according to the wireless communication period, it is desirable to efficiently transfer event information during the wireless communication period provided intermittently.
　従来、このような無線装置として、センサ回路と無線回路とを間欠動作させ、このうち非動作時には、電池からセンサ回路と無線回路への電源供給を停止するとともに、ＣＰＵを低消費電流で動作するスリープ状態へ移行させることにより、無線装置での消費電力を低減する技術が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１など参照）。 Conventionally, as such a wireless device, the sensor circuit and the wireless circuit are intermittently operated, and when not operating, the power supply from the battery to the sensor circuit and the wireless circuit is stopped and the CPU is operated with low current consumption. A technique for reducing power consumption in a wireless device by shifting to a sleep state has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
特開２００４－３５５１６４号公報JP 2004-355164 A
　前述したようなアプリケーションで用いられる無線装置では、無線回路における無線通信動作時の消費電流が数１０ｍＡ程度で、その動作時間が数ミリ秒程度ある。また、ＣＰＵは、数秒から数分間隔でスリープ状態から復帰して、無線回路により無線通信動作を行い、再びスリープ状態へ移行する。この際、スリープ状態では、ＣＰＵと無線回路の動作は停止しているが、ＣＰＵでは、ＣＰＵ内部のＲＡＭメモリでのデータ保持や、スリープ状態からの復帰タイミングを計時するためのタイマなどの回路部において、数μＡ程度の僅かな電流が必要となる。 In the wireless device used in the application as described above, the current consumption during wireless communication operation in the wireless circuit is about several tens mA, and the operation time is about several milliseconds. Further, the CPU returns from the sleep state at intervals of several seconds to several minutes, performs a wireless communication operation by the wireless circuit, and shifts to the sleep state again. At this time, in the sleep state, the operation of the CPU and the wireless circuit is stopped, but in the CPU, the circuit unit such as a timer for holding data in the RAM memory inside the CPU and measuring the return timing from the sleep state In this case, a slight current of about several μA is required.
　一方、電池から供給される電池電圧は、ＣＰＵや無線回路の動作電圧と異なる場合が多く、電池の残留電力の減少に応じて電池電圧も低下する。したがって、電池で動作する無線装置では、入力電圧値の許容範囲が広い、ＤＣ／ＤＣコンバータやＤＣ／ＤＣレギュレータ（チャージポンプ）など、電池から供給された電池電圧を直流電圧変換し、得られた動作電源を供給する電源回路が用いられる。 On the other hand, the battery voltage supplied from the battery is often different from the operating voltage of the CPU or the radio circuit, and the battery voltage also decreases as the remaining power of the battery decreases. Therefore, a wireless device that operates on a battery is obtained by converting a battery voltage supplied from a battery, such as a DC / DC converter or a DC / DC regulator (charge pump), having a wide allowable range of input voltage values into a DC voltage. A power supply circuit that supplies operating power is used.
　このような直流電圧変換方式の電源回路は、出力電流がある程度大きい場合には変換効率がよいが、出力電流として僅かな電流しか流れない場合、変換効率が大幅低下する。例えば、数μＡ程度の出力電流を供給するためには、数十μＡ以上の入力電流、すなわち零入力電流（Quiescent Current）が必要となる。
　したがって、従来の無線装置によれば、スリープ状態で消費される電流値が小さいほど、電源回路で無駄な電力消費が発生して、その電池の寿命が短くなるため、直流電圧変換方式の電源回路を用いないほうが、電池寿命は長くなってしまうという問題点があった。 Such a DC voltage conversion type power supply circuit has good conversion efficiency when the output current is large to some extent, but when only a small current flows as the output current, the conversion efficiency is greatly reduced. For example, in order to supply an output current of about several μA, an input current of several tens μA or more, that is, a quiescent current is required.
Therefore, according to the conventional wireless device, the smaller the current value consumed in the sleep state, the more wasteful power consumption occurs in the power circuit, and the life of the battery is shortened. There was a problem that the battery life would be longer if not used.
　例えば、一般的な電池を用いた無線装置において、スリープ電流が２μＡのスリープ状態を挟んで、６０秒の間欠動作周期で間欠的に無線通信を行うケースでは、直流電圧変換方式の電源回路を用いない場合、平均消費電力は７．２μＷとなり、電池寿命は９年である。これに対して、零入力電流が１００μＡの直流電圧変換方式の電源回路を用いた場合、平均消費電力が３０２μＷに増加し、電池寿命は０．２年に短縮されてしまう。 For example, in a wireless device using a general battery, in a case where wireless communication is intermittently performed with an intermittent operation cycle of 60 seconds across a sleep state where the sleep current is 2 μA, a DC voltage conversion type power supply circuit is used. If not, the average power consumption is 7.2 μW and the battery life is 9 years. In contrast, when a DC voltage conversion type power supply circuit with a quiescent current of 100 μA is used, the average power consumption increases to 302 μW and the battery life is shortened to 0.2 years.
　本発明はこのような課題を解決するためのものであり、電池で動作して、低消費電流のスリープ状態を挟んで間欠的に無線通信を行う場合でも、直流電圧変換方式の電源回路における無駄な消費電力を抑止できる省電力無線技術を提供することを目的としている。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and even when the wireless communication is intermittently performed with a low-current-consumption sleep state while operating with a battery, it is a waste in a DC voltage conversion type power supply circuit. The purpose is to provide a power-saving wireless technology that can suppress excessive power consumption.
　このような目的を達成するために、本発明にかかる間欠動作無線装置は、電池から供給された電池電圧を直流電圧変換し、得られた動作電源を供給する電源回路と、電源回路からの動作電源で動作して無線電波を送信する無線回路と、無線回路を制御して無線通信動作を行う無線通信処理部と、この無線通信動作状態と当該無線通信動作を停止して低消費電流で動作するスリープ動作を行うスリープ状態とを間欠的に切替制御する動作状態制御部と、電源回路における直流電圧変換および動作電源の供給を制御する電源制御部とを有するＣＰＵと、スリープ状態の期間にＣＰＵに対して当該スリープ動作に必要なスリープ動作電源を供給するスリープ電源回路とを備え、電源制御部は、無線通信動作状態の期間では電源回路から直流電圧変換および動作電源を供給させ、スリープ状態の期間では電源回路の直流電圧変換および動作電源の停止させるようにしたものである。 In order to achieve such an object, an intermittent operation radio apparatus according to the present invention converts a battery voltage supplied from a battery into a DC voltage and supplies the obtained operation power, and an operation from the power supply circuit. A wireless circuit that operates with a power source and transmits wireless radio waves, a wireless communication processing unit that controls the wireless circuit to perform wireless communication operation, and stops the wireless communication operation state and the wireless communication operation to operate with low current consumption A CPU having an operation state control unit that intermittently switches and controls a sleep state for performing a sleep operation, a power supply control unit that controls DC voltage conversion in the power supply circuit and supply of operation power, and a CPU during the sleep state And a sleep power supply circuit for supplying a sleep operation power supply necessary for the sleep operation, and the power supply control unit changes the DC voltage from the power supply circuit during the wireless communication operation state. And to supply operating power, it is obtained so as to DC voltage stop the conversion and operating power of the power supply circuit during a period of sleep.
　また、本発明にかかる間欠動作無線制御方法は、電源回路が、電池から供給された電池電圧を直流電圧変換し、得られた動作電源を供給するステップと、ＣＰＵの動作状態制御部が、無線回路を制御して無線通信動作を行う無線通信動作状態と、無線通信動作を停止して低消費電流で動作するスリープ動作を行うスリープ状態とを間欠的に切替制御する動作状態制御ステップと、ＣＰＵの電源制御部が、電源回路を制御して、無線通信動作状態の期間において直流電圧変換および動作電源供給を実行し、スリープ状態の期間において直流電圧変換および動作電源供給を停止するステップと、スリープ電源回路が、スリープ状態の期間にＣＰＵに対してスリープ動作に必要なスリープ動作電源を供給するステップとを備えている。 In the intermittent operation wireless control method according to the present invention, the power supply circuit converts the battery voltage supplied from the battery into a DC voltage and supplies the obtained operation power, and the operation state control unit of the CPU wirelessly An operation state control step for intermittently switching and controlling a wireless communication operation state in which a circuit is controlled to perform a wireless communication operation and a sleep state in which the wireless communication operation is stopped and a sleep operation is performed with low current consumption; and a CPU A power supply control unit that controls the power supply circuit to execute DC voltage conversion and operation power supply during a wireless communication operation state, and to stop DC voltage conversion and operation power supply during a sleep state; A power supply circuit including a step of supplying sleep operation power necessary for the sleep operation to the CPU during the sleep state.
　本発明によれば、スリープ状態の期間において電源回路１１の動作を完全に停止させることができる。このため、電池で動作して、低消費電流のスリープ状態を挟んで間欠的に無線通信を行う場合でも、直流電圧変換方式の電源回路における無駄な消費電力を抑止することが可能となる。 According to the present invention, the operation of the power supply circuit 11 can be completely stopped during the sleep state. For this reason, it is possible to suppress wasteful power consumption in the DC voltage conversion type power supply circuit even when the wireless communication is performed intermittently across the sleep state with a low current consumption by operating with a battery.
図１は、第１の実施の形態にかかる無線装置の構成を示すブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a wireless device according to the first embodiment. 図２は、第１の実施の形態にかかる無線装置の無線通信処理を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication process of the wireless device according to the first embodiment. 図３は、第１の実施の形態にかかる無線装置の動作を示す信号波形図である。FIG. 3 is a signal waveform diagram illustrating an operation of the wireless device according to the first embodiment. 図４は、第２の実施の形態にかかる無線装置の構成を示すブロック図である。FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a wireless device according to the second embodiment. 図５は、第２の実施の形態にかかる無線装置の動作を示す信号波形図である。FIG. 5 is a signal waveform diagram illustrating an operation of the wireless device according to the second embodiment.
　次に、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。
［第１の実施の形態］
　まず、図１を参照して、本発明の第１の実施の形態にかかる無線装置について説明する。 Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
First, with reference to FIG. 1, the radio | wireless apparatus concerning the 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
　この無線装置１０は、間欠的に無線通信を行う機能を有しており、例えば、無線センサネットワークのセンサノードとして用いられる。無線センサネットワークは、複数の無線装置に搭載されているセンサ機能で事象を検知し、無線通信を介して各無線装置から通知された事象を管理装置で収集するシステムである。
　このような無線センサネットワークが適用されるアプリケーションとしては、水道，電気，ガスの検針、プラント，工場，建物の設備定期検査、火災，地震，有害ガスなどの緊急通報、不審者進入監視のためのセキュリティシステム、架橋披露破壊の診断検査などのアプリケーションがある。 The wireless device 10 has a function of intermittently performing wireless communication, and is used as a sensor node of a wireless sensor network, for example. The wireless sensor network is a system that detects an event using a sensor function installed in a plurality of wireless devices, and collects the event notified from each wireless device via wireless communication.
Applications to which such a wireless sensor network is applied include water meter, electricity, gas meter reading, plant, factory, building equipment periodic inspection, fire, earthquake, toxic gas and other emergency reports, and suspicious person intrusion monitoring There are applications such as security systems and diagnostic inspection of bridge show breaks.
　無線装置１０には、主な回路部として、電源回路１１、無線回路１２、ＣＰＵ１３、およびスリープ電源回路１４が設けられている。 The wireless device 10 is provided with a power supply circuit 11, a wireless circuit 12, a CPU 13, and a sleep power supply circuit 14 as main circuit units.
　本実施の形態は、ＣＰＵ１３で、スリープ状態の期間において電源回路１１を制御して直流電圧変換動作および動作電源の供給を停止させ、無線通信動作状態の期間において電源回路１１を制御して直流電圧変換動作および動作電源の供給を行わせ、スリープ電源回路１４で、スリープ状態の期間にＣＰＵ１３に対して当該スリープ動作に必要なスリープ動作電源を供給するようにしたものである。
　なお、本実施の形態では、スリープ状態の期間において、ＣＰＵ１３に対してスリープ動作電源を供給する場合を例として説明するが、ＣＰＵ１３と無線回路１２の両方にスリープ動作電源を供給するようにしてもよい。 In the present embodiment, the CPU 13 controls the power supply circuit 11 during the sleep state to stop the DC voltage conversion operation and the supply of the operating power, and controls the power supply circuit 11 during the wireless communication operation state to control the DC voltage. The conversion operation and the supply of operation power are performed, and the sleep power supply circuit 14 supplies the sleep operation power necessary for the sleep operation to the CPU 13 during the sleep state.
In this embodiment, the case where the sleep operation power is supplied to the CPU 13 during the sleep state is described as an example. However, the sleep operation power may be supplied to both the CPU 13 and the wireless circuit 12. Good.
［無線装置の構成］
　次に、図１を参照して、本実施の形態にかかる無線装置の構成について詳細に説明する。
　電源回路１１は、電池ＢＡＴから入力端子Ｖｉｎへ供給された電池電圧Ｖｂを直流電圧変換し、得られた動作電源を出力端子Ｖｏｕｔから供給する回路部である。電源回路１１に設けられている制御入力端子ＥＮは、外部から電源回路１１の直流電圧変換動作および動作電源供給の実行を制御するための入力端子である。 [Configuration of wireless device]
Next, the configuration of the wireless device according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
The power supply circuit 11 is a circuit unit that converts the battery voltage Vb supplied from the battery BAT to the input terminal Vin into a DC voltage and supplies the obtained operating power supply from the output terminal Vout. The control input terminal EN provided in the power supply circuit 11 is an input terminal for controlling the execution of the DC voltage conversion operation and the operation power supply of the power supply circuit 11 from the outside.
　この制御入力端子ＥＮにＨレベルの制御信号ＰＣが入力された場合、電源回路１１は、直流電圧変換動作を開始して動作電源の供給を開始し、制御入力端子ＥＮにＬレベルの制御信号ＰＣが入力された場合、直流電圧変換動作を停止して動作電源の供給を停止する。市販されている直流電圧変換方式の電源回路には、このような制御入力端子ＥＮを用いた動作制御機能を持つものがあり（非特許文献１など参照）、本発明では、このような公知の電源回路を利用すればよい。 When an H level control signal PC is input to the control input terminal EN, the power supply circuit 11 starts a DC voltage conversion operation and starts supplying operating power, and an L level control signal PC is supplied to the control input terminal EN. Is input, the DC voltage conversion operation is stopped and the supply of operating power is stopped. Some commercially available DC voltage conversion type power supply circuits have an operation control function using such a control input terminal EN (see Non-Patent Document 1, etc.). A power supply circuit may be used.
　無線回路１２は、電源線ＰＬと接地電位ＧＮＤとの間に接続されて、電源回路１１から電源線ＰＬを介して供給された動作電源で動作して、ＣＰＵ１３から出力された送信データを、アンテナから無線電波で送信する回路部である。なお、本実施の形態では、無線回路１２から無線送信のみを間欠的に行う場合を例として説明するが、無線送信に代えて無線受信のみを間欠的に行う場合、さらには無線送受信を間欠的に行う場合にも、本発明を同様にして適用できる。 The radio circuit 12 is connected between the power supply line PL and the ground potential GND, operates with the operation power supplied from the power supply circuit 11 via the power supply line PL, and transmits the transmission data output from the CPU 13 to the antenna. Is a circuit unit that transmits by radio waves. Note that, in this embodiment, the case where only wireless transmission is performed intermittently from the wireless circuit 12 will be described as an example. However, when only wireless reception is performed intermittently instead of wireless transmission, further wireless transmission / reception is performed intermittently. The present invention can also be applied in the same manner.
　ＣＰＵ１３は、ＣＰＵ１３内部あるいは周辺回路の半導体メモリに記憶されているプログラムを読み込んで実行することにより、各種処理部を実現する演算処理回路である。ＣＰＵ１３は、電源線ＰＬと接地電位ＧＮＤとの間に接続されており、無線通信動作の期間において、電源回路１１から電源線ＰＬを介して供給された動作電源で動作し、スリープ状態の期間において、スリープ電源回路１４から電源線ＰＬを介して供給されたスリープ動作電源で動作する。
　ＣＰＵ１３で実現される主な処理部として、無線通信処理部１３Ａ、動作状態制御部１３Ｂ、および電源制御部１３Ｃが設けられている。 The CPU 13 is an arithmetic processing circuit that realizes various processing units by reading and executing a program stored in the semiconductor memory in the CPU 13 or in a peripheral circuit. The CPU 13 is connected between the power supply line PL and the ground potential GND, and operates with the operation power supplied from the power supply circuit 11 through the power supply line PL during the wireless communication operation period, and during the sleep state period. The operation is performed by the sleep operation power supplied from the sleep power circuit 14 through the power line PL.
As main processing units realized by the CPU 13, a wireless communication processing unit 13A, an operation state control unit 13B, and a power supply control unit 13C are provided.
　無線通信処理部１３Ａは、無線通信動作状態において、無線回路１２を制御して無線通信動作を行う機能を有している。
　動作状態制御部１３Ｂは、ＣＰＵ１３に設けられた内部タイマーを利用して、無線通信動作状態と当該無線通信動作を停止して低消費電流で動作するスリープ動作を行うスリープ状態とを、間欠的に切替制御する機能を有している。 The wireless communication processing unit 13A has a function of controlling the wireless circuit 12 to perform a wireless communication operation in the wireless communication operation state.
The operation state control unit 13B uses an internal timer provided in the CPU 13 to intermittently switch between a wireless communication operation state and a sleep state in which the wireless communication operation is stopped and the sleep operation is performed with low current consumption. It has a function of switching control.
　電源制御部１３Ｃは、当該スリープ状態の期間において電源回路を制御して直流電圧変換動作および動作電源の供給を停止させ、無線通信動作状態の期間において電源回路を制御して直流電圧変換動作および動作電源を供給させる機能を有している。
　なお、ＣＰＵ１３のスリープ機能は、市販されている一般的なＣＰＵに搭載されている機能を利用すればよい。 The power supply control unit 13C controls the power supply circuit during the sleep state to stop the DC voltage conversion operation and the operation power supply, and controls the power supply circuit during the wireless communication operation state to perform the DC voltage conversion operation and operation. It has a function of supplying power.
In addition, what is necessary is just to utilize the function mounted in the commercially available general CPU for the sleep function of CPU13.
　スリープ電源回路１４は、スリープ状態の期間にＣＰＵに対して当該スリープ動作に必要なスリープ動作電源を供給する回路部である。
　本実施の形態において、スリープ電源回路１４は、電源回路１１からＣＰＵ１３へ動作電源が供給される電源線ＰＬと接地電位ＧＮＤとの間に接続されて、無線通信動作状態の期間に電源回路１１から供給された動作電源を蓄電し、動作電源の停止に応じて当該蓄電電源をスリープ動作電源として供給する容量素子Ｃから構成されている。 The sleep power supply circuit 14 is a circuit unit that supplies sleep operation power necessary for the sleep operation to the CPU during the sleep state.
In the present embodiment, the sleep power supply circuit 14 is connected between the power supply line PL through which the operation power is supplied from the power supply circuit 11 to the CPU 13 and the ground potential GND, and from the power supply circuit 11 during the wireless communication operation state. The capacitor C is configured to store the supplied operating power and supply the stored power as a sleep operating power in response to the stop of the operating power.
［第１の実施の形態の動作］
　次に、図２および図３を参照して、本実施の形態にかかる無線装置の動作について説明する。
　ここでは、無線通信の間欠動作周期がＴｃで、無線通信動作に要する動作時間がＴｒである場合について説明する。 [Operation of First Embodiment]
Next, the operation of the radio apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG.
Here, the case where the intermittent operation cycle of wireless communication is Tc and the operation time required for the wireless communication operation is Tr will be described.
　ＣＰＵ１３の動作状態制御部１３Ｂは、ＣＰＵ１３内部のタイマーを用いて間欠動作周期Ｔｃを常時計時しており、タイマーがタイムアップして無線通信タイミングが到来するごとに、図２の無線通信処理を実行する。また、無線通信処理が終了した後、動作状態制御部１３Ｂは、次の無線通信タイミングが到来するまで、ＣＰＵ１３を低消費電流で動作するスリープ状態へ移行させる。 The operation state control unit 13B of the CPU 13 always uses the internal timer of the CPU 13 for the intermittent operation cycle Tc, and executes the wireless communication process of FIG. 2 every time the timer expires and the wireless communication timing comes. To do. In addition, after the wireless communication process is completed, the operation state control unit 13B shifts the CPU 13 to a sleep state that operates with low current consumption until the next wireless communication timing comes.
　時刻Ｔ０において、無線通信タイミングが到来した場合、動作状態制御部１３Ｂは、ＣＰＵ１３内部の動作管理フラグを切替設定することにより、ＣＰＵ１３の動作状態を、低消費電流で動作するスリープ状態から、通常の消費電流で動作して無線通信動作を行う無線通信動作状態へ復帰させる（ステップ１００）。 When the wireless communication timing has arrived at time T0, the operation state control unit 13B switches the operation management flag in the CPU 13 to change the operation state of the CPU 13 from the normal sleep state where the current consumption is low. Return to the wireless communication operation state in which the wireless communication operation is performed by operating with the current consumption (step 100).
　次に、電源制御部１３Ｃは、制御信号ＰＣをＬ（Ｌｏｗ）レベルからＨ（Ｈｉｇｈ）レベルへ変化させることにより、電源回路１１に対して、直流電圧変換動作および動作電源供給の実行を指示する（ステップ１０１）。
　電源回路１１は、制御入力端子ＥＮに入力されている制御信号ＰＣがＬレベルからＨレベルに変化したことを契機として、直流電圧変換動作を開始して、電池ＢＡＴから入力端子Ｖｉｎへ供給された電池電圧Ｖｂを直流電圧変換し、得られた動作電源を出力端子Ｖｏｕｔから供給する。 Next, the power control unit 13C changes the control signal PC from the L (Low) level to the H (High) level to instruct the power supply circuit 11 to perform the DC voltage conversion operation and the operation power supply. (Step 101).
The power supply circuit 11 starts the DC voltage conversion operation when the control signal PC input to the control input terminal EN changes from the L level to the H level, and is supplied from the battery BAT to the input terminal Vin. The battery voltage Vb is converted into a DC voltage, and the obtained operating power is supplied from the output terminal Vout.
　電源回路１１から供給が開始された動作電源は、ダイオードＤ１と電源線ＰＬとを介して、スリープ電源回路１４およびＣＰＵ１３へ供給される。ダイオードＤ１は、スリープ状態の期間において、電源回路１１の出力端子Ｖｏｕｔの電圧が、スリープ電源回路１４の容量素子Ｃの両端電圧Ｖｓより低くなった際に、電流が容量素子Ｃから出力端子Ｖｏｕｔへ逆流するのを防止する逆流防止用のダイオードである。なお、電源回路１１内部で逆流対策が講じられている場合、ダイオードＤ１は不要である。 The operation power supply started to be supplied from the power supply circuit 11 is supplied to the sleep power supply circuit 14 and the CPU 13 via the diode D1 and the power supply line PL. The diode D1 has a current flowing from the capacitive element C to the output terminal Vout when the voltage at the output terminal Vout of the power supply circuit 11 is lower than the voltage Vs across the capacitive element C of the sleep power supply circuit 14 during the sleep state. This is a backflow prevention diode that prevents backflow. Note that the diode D <b> 1 is not necessary when a countercurrent countermeasure is taken inside the power supply circuit 11.
　スリープ電源回路１４の容量素子Ｃは、電源線ＰＬを介して供給された動作電源を蓄電する。
　また、ＣＰＵ１３と無線回路１２は、電源線ＰＬを介して供給された動作電源で、通常の消費電流で動作を開始して、無線通信処理部１３Ａにより無線回路１２を用いた無線通信動作を実行する（ステップ１０２）。これにより、例えば、無線センサネットワークの場合、無線装置１０に設けられているセンサで検知した事象が、無線通信により管理装置へ通知される。 The capacitive element C of the sleep power supply circuit 14 stores the operating power supplied through the power supply line PL.
In addition, the CPU 13 and the wireless circuit 12 start operating at normal current consumption with the operation power supplied via the power line PL, and execute the wireless communication operation using the wireless circuit 12 by the wireless communication processing unit 13A. (Step 102). Thereby, for example, in the case of a wireless sensor network, an event detected by a sensor provided in the wireless device 10 is notified to the management device by wireless communication.
　時刻Ｔ０から動作時間Ｔｒだけ経過した時刻Ｔ１において、このような無線通信動作が終了した場合、電源制御部１３Ｃは、制御信号ＰＣをＨレベルからＬレベルへ変化させることにより、電源回路１１に対して、直流電圧変換動作および動作電源供給の停止を指示する（ステップ１０３）。
　また、動作状態制御部１３Ｂは、ＣＰＵ１３内部の動作管理フラグを切替設定することにより、ＣＰＵ１３の動作状態を、通常の消費電流で動作して無線通信動作を行う無線通信動作状態から、低消費電流で動作するスリープ状態へ移行させ（ステップ１０４）、一連の無線通信処理を終了する。 When such a wireless communication operation is completed at time T1 when the operation time Tr has elapsed from time T0, the power supply control unit 13C changes the control signal PC from H level to L level to Then, the DC voltage conversion operation and the operation power supply stop are instructed (step 103).
In addition, the operation state control unit 13B switches and sets the operation management flag in the CPU 13 to change the operation state of the CPU 13 from a wireless communication operation state in which a wireless communication operation is performed by operating at a normal current consumption. (Step 104), and a series of wireless communication processing is completed.
　したがって、図３に示すように、時刻Ｔ０から時刻Ｔ１までの無線通信動作の期間において、電源回路１１から電源線ＰＬへ動作電源が供給されるため、容量素子Ｃが徐々に蓄電される。
　また、時刻Ｔ１以降は、スリープ状態の期間となるため、電源回路１１からの動作電源の供給が停止される。これにより、電源回路１１からの動作電源に代わって容量素子Ｃに蓄電された蓄電電源が、スリープ動作電源としてＣＰＵ１３へ供給される。 Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, in the period of the wireless communication operation from time T0 to time T1, operation power is supplied from the power supply circuit 11 to the power supply line PL, so that the capacitor C is gradually charged.
In addition, after time T1, since it is a period of a sleep state, supply of operating power from the power supply circuit 11 is stopped. As a result, the power storage power stored in the capacitor C in place of the operation power from the power supply circuit 11 is supplied to the CPU 13 as the sleep operation power.
　この際、ＣＰＵ１３および無線回路１２へ供給される供給電圧Ｖｃは、時刻Ｔ０の時の電圧Ｖ１から電圧Ｖ０まで徐々に上昇する。この際、供給電圧Ｖｃと電源回路１１からの動作電源の動作電源電圧Ｖｐとは等しく変化する。
　一方、時刻Ｔ１以降、時刻Ｔ０から間欠動作周期Ｔｃ経過した時刻Ｔ２において、無線通信タイミングが到来するまで、供給電圧Ｖｃは、容量素子Ｃの両端電圧であるスリープ動作電源電圧Ｖｓと等しくなり、ＣＰＵ１３での消費電流Ｉｃがスリープ電流Ｉｓまで低下する。 At this time, the supply voltage Vc supplied to the CPU 13 and the radio circuit 12 gradually increases from the voltage V1 at time T0 to the voltage V0. At this time, the supply voltage Vc and the operation power supply voltage Vp of the operation power supply from the power supply circuit 11 change equally.
On the other hand, the supply voltage Vc becomes equal to the sleep operation power supply voltage Vs, which is the voltage across the capacitor C, until the wireless communication timing arrives at the time T2 when the intermittent operation cycle Tc has elapsed from the time T0 after the time T1, and the CPU 13 The current consumption Ic at the time decreases to the sleep current Is.
　したがって、容量素子Ｃの容量は、スリープ状態が終了する時刻Ｔ２において、ＣＰＵ１３のスリープ動作に必要なスリープ電流と最低動作電圧とからなるスリープ動作電源を供給できる容量を持っていればよい。 Therefore, the capacity of the capacitive element C only needs to have a capacity capable of supplying a sleep operation power source including a sleep current and a minimum operation voltage necessary for the sleep operation of the CPU 13 at time T2 when the sleep state ends.
　ここで、ＣＰＵ１３のスリープ動作に必要なスリープ電流をＩｓとし、最低動作電圧をＶ１とし、スリープ動作の開始時点である時刻Ｔ１におけるスリープ動作電源電圧ＶｓをＶ０、スリープ状態の時間を示すスリープ期間Ｔｓ（＝Ｔｃ－Ｔｒ≒Ｔｃ）とし、スリープ状態の期間において、スリープ電流Ｉｓが一定であると見なした場合、容量素子Ｃの容量Ｃは、Ｃ＝Ｔｓ×Ｉｓ／（Ｖ０－Ｖ１）で求められる。例えば、Ｖ０＝２．５Ｖ、Ｖ１＝１．８Ｖ、Ｔｓ＝６０ｓ、Ｉｓ＝３μＡの場合、容量Ｃ＝２５７μＦとなる。
　このようにして算出した容量の容量素子Ｃをスリープ電源回路１４として用いることにより、容量素子Ｃの大きさや部品コストを最小限に抑えることが可能となる。 Here, the sleep current required for the sleep operation of the CPU 13 is Is, the minimum operation voltage is V1, the sleep operation power supply voltage Vs at the time T1 at the start of the sleep operation is V0, and the sleep period Ts indicating the sleep state time. If (= Tc−Tr≈Tc) and the sleep current Is is considered to be constant during the sleep state, the capacitance C of the capacitor C is obtained by C = Ts × Is / (V0−V1). It is done. For example, when V0 = 2.5 V, V1 = 1.8 V, Ts = 60 s, and Is = 3 μA, the capacitance C = 257 μF.
By using the capacitive element C having the calculated capacity as the sleep power supply circuit 14, the size of the capacitive element C and the component cost can be minimized.
［第１の実施の形態の効果］
　このように、本実施の形態では、ＣＰＵ１３で、スリープ状態の期間において電源回路１１を制御して直流電圧変換動作および動作電源の供給を停止させ、無線通信動作状態の期間において電源回路１１を制御して直流電圧変換動作および動作電源の供給を行わせ、スリープ電源回路１４で、スリープ状態の期間にＣＰＵ１３に対して当該スリープ動作に必要なスリープ動作電源を供給するようにしたので、スリープ状態の期間において電源回路１１の動作を完全に停止させることができる。このため、電池で動作して、低消費電流のスリープ状態を挟んで間欠的に無線通信を行う場合でも、直流電圧変換方式の電源回路における無駄な消費電力を抑止することが可能となる。 [Effect of the first embodiment]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the CPU 13 controls the power supply circuit 11 during the sleep state to stop the DC voltage conversion operation and the supply of operation power, and controls the power supply circuit 11 during the wireless communication operation state. Thus, the DC voltage conversion operation and the operation power supply are performed, and the sleep power supply circuit 14 supplies the sleep operation power necessary for the sleep operation to the CPU 13 during the sleep state. The operation of the power supply circuit 11 can be completely stopped during the period. For this reason, it is possible to suppress wasteful power consumption in a DC voltage conversion type power supply circuit even when wireless communication is performed intermittently across a sleep state with a low current consumption while operating with a battery.
　また、本実施の形態では、スリープ電源回路１４として、無線通信動作状態の期間に電源回路から供給された動作電源を蓄電し、動作電源の停止に応じて当該蓄電電源をスリープ動作電源として供給する容量素子を用いるようにしたので、極めて簡素な回路素子で、スリープ電源回路１４を実現でき、無線装置１０における回路規模の増大やコストアップを抑制することができる。 In the present embodiment, the sleep power supply circuit 14 stores the operation power supplied from the power supply circuit during the wireless communication operation state, and supplies the stored power supply as the sleep operation power supply when the operation power supply is stopped. Since the capacitive element is used, the sleep power supply circuit 14 can be realized with an extremely simple circuit element, and an increase in circuit scale and cost increase in the wireless device 10 can be suppressed.
［第２の実施の形態］
　次に、図４を参照して、本発明の第２の実施の形態にかかる無線装置について説明する。図４において、図１と同じまたは同等部分には同一符号を付してある。 [Second Embodiment]
Next, a radio apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 4, the same or equivalent parts as in FIG.
　第１の実施の形態では、無線通信動作状態の期間に電源回路１１から供給された動作電源を、スリープ電源回路１４の容量素子Ｃに蓄電しておき、スリープ状態の期間において、電源回路１１からの動作電源の供給を停止するとともに、容量素子Ｃに蓄電しておいた蓄電電源をスリープ動作電源としてＣＰＵ１３へ供給する場合を例として説明した。
　本実施の形態では、スリープ状態の期間において、電源回路１１からの動作電源の供給を停止するとともに、電池ＢＡＴの電池電源をスリープ動作電源としてＣＰＵ１３へ供給する場合について説明する。 In the first embodiment, the operation power supplied from the power supply circuit 11 during the wireless communication operation state is stored in the capacitive element C of the sleep power supply circuit 14, and the power supply circuit 11 receives the operation power during the sleep state. As an example, the case where the supply of the operation power is stopped and the storage power stored in the capacitor C is supplied to the CPU 13 as the sleep operation power has been described.
In the present embodiment, a case will be described in which supply of operation power from the power supply circuit 11 is stopped and battery power of the battery BAT is supplied to the CPU 13 as sleep operation power during the sleep state.
　本実施の形態のスリープ電源回路１４は、図４に示すように、ＣＰＵ１３からの制御信号ＰＣに応じてオンオフ動作することにより、スリープ状態の期間において、電池ＢＡＴの電池電源をスリープ動作電源として電源線ＰＬを介してＣＰＵ１３へ供給し、無線通信動作状態の期間において、スリープ動作電源の供給を停止するトランジスタＱから構成されている。 As shown in FIG. 4, the sleep power supply circuit 14 according to the present embodiment performs an on / off operation in accordance with a control signal PC from the CPU 13, thereby using the battery power supply of the battery BAT as a sleep operation power supply during the sleep state. The transistor Q is supplied to the CPU 13 via the line PL and is configured to stop supplying the sleep operation power during the period of the wireless communication operation state.
　図４の回路構成例では、トランジスタＱとして、ＰＭＯＳＦＥＴが用いられており、ゲート端子に制御信号ＰＣが接続されている。また、ソース端子とゲート端子との間に抵抗素子Ｒが接続されている。またソース端子に、ダイオードＤ２を介して電池ＢＡＴから電池電源が供給されており、ドレイン端子が電源線ＰＬに接続されている。ダイオードＤ２は、電源線ＰＬから電池ＢＡＴへの電流逆流を防止する逆流防止用のダイオードである。電池ＢＡＴ内部で逆流対策が講じられている場合、ダイオードＤ２は不要である。
　なお、本実施の形態にかかる無線装置の他の回路部については、第１の実施の形態と同様であり、ここでの詳細な説明は省略する。 In the circuit configuration example of FIG. 4, a PMOSFET is used as the transistor Q, and a control signal PC is connected to the gate terminal. A resistance element R is connected between the source terminal and the gate terminal. The battery power is supplied from the battery BAT to the source terminal via the diode D2, and the drain terminal is connected to the power line PL. The diode D2 is a backflow prevention diode that prevents a backflow of current from the power supply line PL to the battery BAT. The diode D2 is not necessary when a countercurrent countermeasure is taken inside the battery BAT.
Note that other circuit units of the radio apparatus according to the present embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and a detailed description thereof is omitted here.
［第２の実施の形態の動作］
　次に、図５を参照して、本実施の形態にかかる無線装置の動作について説明する。なお、本実施の形態にかかる無線装置の無線通信処理は、前述した図２と同様であり、ここでの詳細な説明は省略する。 [Operation of Second Embodiment]
Next, the operation of the radio apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the wireless communication processing of the wireless device according to the present embodiment is the same as in FIG. 2 described above, and a detailed description thereof is omitted here.
　時刻Ｔ１以降のスリープ状態の期間において、制御信号ＰＣがＬレベルに制御されるため、トランジスタＱが導通し、電池ＢＡＴの電池電源がスリープ動作電源として、電源線ＰＬを介してＣＰＵ１３へ供給される。
　また、無線動作状態の期間において、制御信号ＰＣがＨレベルに制御されるため、トランジスタＱが非導通となり、電池ＢＡＴの電池電源を用いたスリープ動作電源の供給が停止される。 In the sleep state period after time T1, the control signal PC is controlled to the L level, so that the transistor Q is turned on, and the battery power of the battery BAT is supplied to the CPU 13 via the power line PL as the sleep operating power. .
In addition, since the control signal PC is controlled to H level during the wireless operation state, the transistor Q is turned off, and the supply of the sleep operation power using the battery power of the battery BAT is stopped.
　したがって、図３に示すように、時刻Ｔ０から時刻Ｔ１までの無線通信動作の期間において、電源回路１１から電源線ＰＬへ動作電源が供給されるため、供給電圧Ｖｃは電源回路１１からの動作電源の動作電源電圧Ｖｐとは等しくなる。
　一方、時刻Ｔ１以降、時刻Ｔ０から間欠動作周期Ｔｃ経過した時刻Ｔ２において、無線通信タイミングが到来するまで、電源回路１１からの動作電源が停止されて、スリープ電源回路１４から電源線ＰＬへスリープ電源が供給されるため、供給電圧Ｖｃはスリープ電源のスリープ動作電源電圧Ｖｓと等しくなる。 Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, since the operating power is supplied from the power supply circuit 11 to the power supply line PL in the period of the wireless communication operation from time T0 to time T1, the supply voltage Vc is the operating power supply from the power supply circuit 11. Is equal to the operating power supply voltage Vp.
On the other hand, after time T1, at time T2 when the intermittent operation cycle Tc has elapsed from time T0, the operation power from the power supply circuit 11 is stopped until the wireless communication timing arrives, and the sleep power supply from the sleep power supply circuit 14 to the power supply line PL Therefore, the supply voltage Vc becomes equal to the sleep operation power supply voltage Vs of the sleep power supply.
　なお、図５の例では、電池ＢＡＴの電池電圧Ｖｂが、無線通信動作の期間において、電源回路１１から電源線ＰＬへ供給される動作電源電圧Ｖｐより低い場合を例として説明されているが、これに限定されるものではなく、電池電圧Ｖｂが動作電源電圧Ｖｐより高い場合でも、前述と同様にして本実施の形態を適用できる。 In the example of FIG. 5, the case where the battery voltage Vb of the battery BAT is lower than the operation power supply voltage Vp supplied from the power supply circuit 11 to the power supply line PL during the wireless communication operation is described as an example. The present embodiment is not limited to this, and the present embodiment can be applied in the same manner as described above even when the battery voltage Vb is higher than the operating power supply voltage Vp.
［第２の実施の形態の効果］
　このように、本実施の形態は、スリープ電源回路１４として、スリープ状態の期間を示すＣＰＵからの制御信号に応じて導通し、電池ＢＡＴから供給された電池電源をスリープ動作電源として供給するトランジスタから構成したので、第１の実施の形態と同様に、スリープ状態の期間において電源回路１１の動作を完全に停止させることができる。このため、電池で動作して、低消費電流のスリープ状態を挟んで間欠的に無線通信を行う場合でも、直流電圧変換方式の電源回路における無駄な消費電力を抑止することが可能となる。 [Effect of the second embodiment]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the sleep power supply circuit 14 is turned on according to the control signal from the CPU indicating the period of the sleep state, and the transistor that supplies the battery power supplied from the battery BAT as the sleep operation power supply. Since it is configured, the operation of the power supply circuit 11 can be completely stopped during the sleep state as in the first embodiment. For this reason, it is possible to suppress wasteful power consumption in a DC voltage conversion type power supply circuit even when wireless communication is performed intermittently across a sleep state with a low current consumption while operating with a battery.
　また、本実施の形態によれば、スリープ状態の期間については、電池ＢＡＴから供給された電池電源をスリープ動作電源として供給することができ、スリープ状態の期間長が比較的長い場合でも、スリープ動作電源を安定供給できる。また、第１の実施の形態では容量素子Ｃを用いているため、スリープ状態の期間が長くなるに連れて、大きな容量が必要となり、回路面積や部品コストが増大するが、本実施の形態によれば、スリープ状態の期間が長くなっても、回路面積や部品コストは増大しない。 Further, according to the present embodiment, for the period of the sleep state, the battery power supplied from the battery BAT can be supplied as the sleep operation power supply, and the sleep operation can be performed even when the period length of the sleep state is relatively long. Power can be supplied stably. In addition, since the capacitive element C is used in the first embodiment, a larger capacitance is required as the period of the sleep state becomes longer, and the circuit area and component cost increase. Therefore, even if the period of the sleep state becomes long, the circuit area and the component cost do not increase.
［実施の形態の拡張］
　以上、実施形態を参照して本発明を説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではない。本発明の構成や詳細には、本発明のスコープ内で当業者が理解しうる様々な変更をすることができる。 [Extended embodiment]
The present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes that can be understood by those skilled in the art can be made to the configuration and details of the present invention within the scope of the present invention.
　１０…無線装置、１１…電源回路、１２…無線回路、１３…ＣＰＵ、１３Ａ…無線通信処理部、１３Ｂ…動作状態制御部、１３Ｃ…電源制御部、１４…スリープ電源回路、ＢＡＴ…電池、Ｃ…容量素子、Ｄ１，Ｄ２…ダイオード、Ｑ…トランジスタ、ＰＣ…制御信号、ＰＬ…電源線。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Wireless device, 11 ... Power supply circuit, 12 ... Wireless circuit, 13 ... CPU, 13A ... Wireless communication processing part, 13B ... Operation state control part, 13C ... Power supply control part, 14 ... Sleep power supply circuit, BAT ... Battery, C ... capacitance elements, D1, D2 ... diodes, Q ... transistors, PC ... control signals, PL ... power supply lines.

Claims (6)

  1. 　電池から供給された電池電圧を直流電圧変換し、得られた動作電源を供給する電源回路と、
    　前記電源回路からの動作電源で動作して無線電波を送信する無線回路と、
    　前記無線回路を制御して無線通信動作を行う無線通信処理部と、この無線通信動作状態と当該無線通信動作を停止して低消費電流で動作するスリープ動作を行うスリープ状態とを間欠的に切替制御する動作状態制御部と、前記電源回路における前記直流電圧変換および前記動作電源の供給を制御する電源制御部とを有するＣＰＵと、
    　前記スリープ状態の期間に前記ＣＰＵに対して前記スリープ動作に必要なスリープ動作電源を供給するスリープ電源回路と
    　を備え、
    　前記電源制御部は、前記無線通信動作状態の期間では前記電源回路から前記直流電圧変換および前記動作電源を供給させ、前記スリープ状態の期間では前記電源回路の前記直流電圧変換および前記動作電源の停止させる
    　ことを特徴とする間欠動作無線装置。     A power supply circuit that converts the battery voltage supplied from the battery into a DC voltage and supplies the obtained operating power;
    A radio circuit that operates with an operating power supply from the power supply circuit and transmits radio waves; and
    A wireless communication processing unit that controls the wireless circuit to perform wireless communication operation, and intermittently switches between the wireless communication operation state and a sleep state in which the wireless communication operation is stopped and the sleep operation is performed with low current consumption. A CPU having an operation state control unit for controlling, and a power supply control unit for controlling the DC voltage conversion and the supply of the operation power in the power supply circuit;
    A sleep power supply circuit that supplies sleep operation power necessary for the sleep operation to the CPU during the sleep state;
    The power supply controller supplies the DC voltage conversion and the operation power from the power supply circuit during the wireless communication operation state, and stops the DC voltage conversion and the operation power supply of the power supply circuit during the sleep state. An intermittent operation wireless device characterized in that
  2. 　請求項１に記載の間欠動作無線装置において、
    　前記スリープ電源回路は、前記無線通信動作状態の期間に前記電源回路から供給された前記動作電源を蓄電し、前記前記動作電源の停止に応じて当該蓄電電源を前記スリープ動作電源として供給する容量素子からなる
    　ことを特徴とする間欠動作無線装置。     The intermittent operation wireless device according to claim 1,
    The sleep power supply circuit stores the operating power supplied from the power supply circuit during the wireless communication operation state, and supplies the stored power as the sleep operating power in response to the stop of the operating power An intermittent operation wireless device characterized by comprising:
  3. 　請求項１に記載の間欠動作無線装置において、
    　前記スリープ電源回路は、前記スリープ状態の期間を示す前記ＣＰＵからの制御信号に応じて導通し、前記電池から供給された前記電池電圧を前記スリープ動作電源として供給するトランジスタを含む
    　ことを特徴とする間欠動作無線装置。     The intermittent operation wireless device according to claim 1,
    The sleep power supply circuit includes a transistor that is turned on in response to a control signal from the CPU indicating a period of the sleep state and supplies the battery voltage supplied from the battery as the sleep operation power supply. Intermittently operating wireless device.
  4. 　電源回路が、電池から供給された電池電圧を直流電圧変換し、得られた動作電源を供給するステップと、
    　無線回路が、前記電源回路からの前記動作電源で動作して無線電波を送信するステップと、
    　ＣＰＵの動作状態制御部が、無線回路を制御して無線通信動作を行う無線通信動作状態と、前記無線通信動作を停止して低消費電流で動作するスリープ動作を行うスリープ状態とを間欠的に切替制御する動作状態制御ステップと、
    　前記ＣＰＵの電源制御部が、前記電源回路を制御して、前記無線通信動作状態の期間では前記直流電圧変換および前記動作電源供給を実行し、前記スリープ状態の期間では前記直流電圧変換および前記動作電源供給を停止するステップと、
    　スリープ電源回路が、前記スリープ状態の期間に前記ＣＰＵに対して前記スリープ動作に必要なスリープ動作電源を供給するステップと
    　を備えることを特徴とする間欠動作無線制御方法。     A power supply circuit converts the battery voltage supplied from the battery into a DC voltage and supplies the obtained operating power; and
    A radio circuit operating with the operating power supply from the power supply circuit to transmit radio waves;
    The CPU operation state control unit intermittently performs a wireless communication operation state in which a wireless circuit is controlled to perform a wireless communication operation, and a sleep state in which the wireless communication operation is stopped and a sleep operation is performed with low current consumption. An operation state control step for switching control;
    A power control unit of the CPU controls the power circuit to execute the DC voltage conversion and the operation power supply during the wireless communication operation state, and the DC voltage conversion and the operation during the sleep state. A step of stopping power supply;
    A sleep power supply circuit comprising: supplying a sleep operation power necessary for the sleep operation to the CPU during the sleep state.
  5. 　請求項４に記載の間欠動作無線制御方法において、
    　前記スリープ電源回路は、前記無線通信動作状態の期間に前記電源回路から供給された前記動作電源を蓄電し、前記前記動作電源の停止に応じて当該蓄電電源を前記スリープ動作電源として供給する容量素子からなる
    　ことを特徴とする間欠動作無線制御方法。     The intermittent operation wireless control method according to claim 4,
    The sleep power supply circuit stores the operating power supplied from the power supply circuit during the wireless communication operation state, and supplies the stored power as the sleep operating power in response to the stop of the operating power An intermittent operation wireless control method comprising:
  6. 　請求項４に記載の間欠動作無線制御方法において、
    　前記スリープ電源回路は、前記スリープ状態の期間を示す前記ＣＰＵからの制御信号に応じて導通し、前記電池から供給された電池電圧を前記スリープ動作電源として供給するトランジスタを含む
    　ことを特徴とする間欠動作無線制御方法。     The intermittent operation wireless control method according to claim 4,
    The sleep power supply circuit includes a transistor that is turned on in response to a control signal from the CPU indicating a period of the sleep state, and that supplies a battery voltage supplied from the battery as the sleep operation power supply. Operation wireless control method.
PCT/JP2010/064888 2009-09-01 2010-09-01 Intermittently operating wireless device and intermittently operating wireless control method WO2011027767A1 (en)

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