WO2011020252A1 - 一种发泡中空塑料护舷产品及生产方法和设备 - Google Patents

一种发泡中空塑料护舷产品及生产方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011020252A1
WO2011020252A1 PCT/CN2009/074403 CN2009074403W WO2011020252A1 WO 2011020252 A1 WO2011020252 A1 WO 2011020252A1 CN 2009074403 W CN2009074403 W CN 2009074403W WO 2011020252 A1 WO2011020252 A1 WO 2011020252A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inner core
layer
fender
composite
hollow plastic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/074403
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王永训
Original Assignee
盘锦新永成塑胶有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN2009200164909U external-priority patent/CN201484638U/zh
Priority claimed from CN2009100132847A external-priority patent/CN101638887B/zh
Application filed by 盘锦新永成塑胶有限公司 filed Critical 盘锦新永成塑胶有限公司
Publication of WO2011020252A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011020252A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/20—Equipment for shipping on coasts, in harbours or on other fixed marine structures, e.g. bollards
    • E02B3/26—Fenders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/12—Articles with an irregular circumference when viewed in cross-section, e.g. window profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/335—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles
    • B29C48/336—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging one by one down streams in the die
    • B29C48/3366—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging one by one down streams in the die using a die with concentric parts, e.g. rings, cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/0027—Cutting off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/009—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation after shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/335—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles
    • B29C48/336—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles the components merging one by one down streams in the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/355—Conveyors for extruded articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2022/00—Hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/721—Vibration dampening equipment, e.g. shock absorbers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to a shore-proof anti-collision fender and a column pile product for use on land, in particular to a foamed hollow plastic fender product and a production method and equipment.
  • the fender product has a wide range of applications and saves wood, rubber and steel. Good performance, improved service life, easy construction, low cost, and environmental protection.
  • the technical solution of the product provided by the invention is as follows: It comprises the outer skin of the fender body and the filling layer, and is characterized in that: a central hole is arranged in the main body of the fender, and an inner core outer layer and a reinforcing layer are sequentially arranged between the filling layer and the central hole. And the inner core inner layer, and a high-strength squeeze rod is arranged in the filling layer.
  • the diameter of the outer diameter is 0. 4 ⁇ 0. 5 times.
  • the outer surface of the main body is made of high-strength polyethylene material, and the filling layer is made of low-density polyethylene and high-density polyethylene mixed foaming material, and the density thereof is 0.75 ⁇ 0. 82;
  • the alloy material, the reinforcing layer is made of high-strength glass fiber or steel mesh, the inner core is made of low-density polyethylene and high-density polyethylene, and the high-strength extruded rod is made of high-strength glass fiber or rebar.
  • the product of the invention is combined into a dock fender, a collision barrier, and a building structural member through a connecting member.
  • the invention provides a foaming hollow plastic fender hollow inner core production method: the first method comprises: extruding the inner core inner material through an extruder into an inner core inner layer, and then shaping, cooling, and then longitudinal fiberglass; Or the steel wire supply device is covered with longitudinal glass fiber or steel wire, and then wound by a winding machine to transversely wrap the fiber or the steel wire.
  • the heater is preheated, preheating temperature is 210 ⁇ 240°C, and then the inner core inner layer, the reinforcing layer and the inner core outer layer are combined by the inner core composite head to be cooled, and finally cut into a fender hollow core. product.
  • the inner core composite head used in the above production method comprises a head body, and is characterized in that: an inner core composite main passage is arranged on the main body of the head, and an outer circumference of the inner core composite main passage communicates with the annular inner core outer material inlet.
  • the method for producing the foamed hollow plastic fender product provided by the invention is characterized in that the hollow inner core is first cut flat through the inner core flat head device, then hot melted by a fuser, and then passed through the feeding device. It is sent to the preheating ring, the preheating temperature is 210 ⁇ 240 V, and then sent to the composite head together with the reinforcing rod, and the hollow inner core, the filling layer and the outer skin are composited by the composite head, and the composite sleeve is shaped by the composite sleeve. Then, it is cooled by water cooling jacket of 20 ⁇ 40 degrees, pulled by the traction mechanism, and finally cut into fender products.
  • the composite machine head used in the above production method comprises a main body of the machine head, wherein: the inner core is disposed on the main body of the main body through the main passage, and the outer core is connected to the annular filling layer inlet and the annular composite space through the outer circumference of the main passage.
  • the head body is provided with a reinforcing rod passing hole uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, and an outer skin composite annular inlet is disposed outside the filling layer composite annular space.
  • the advantages of the present invention are: 1. It can replace rubber fenders, stakes and used tires on the docks, and use connectors to combine products into whip fenders and crash barriers, saving wood and rubber.
  • the use of connectors to form building structures such as beams and columns saves wood and steel, and is easy to handle when linking structural members such as beams and columns.
  • the construction of the components of the product of the invention not only shortens the construction period, but also saves construction costs.
  • the bridge pier is built with the product of the invention, which does not affect the original direction of the ocean current, and the coastline is transparent, realizing the balance and harmony of marine life and human activities.
  • the main material is waste polyethylene, which significantly reduces the pressure of white pollution. There are no three wastes in the production process.
  • 1 and 2 are schematic cross-sectional views of a rectangular tube shape and a cylindrical shape of the product of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hollow inner core of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the production steps of the hollow core of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4A is a schematic structural view of a supply device.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of a hollow core composite machine head of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the production steps of the fender product of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the product compound head of the present invention.
  • FIGS 8, 9, and 10 are schematic views of three types of connectors of the product of the present invention.
  • the shape of the fender product can be square, cylindrical or rectangular, and the outer skin 1 of the fender body is made of recycled high-strength polyethylene material, and the thickness is 5 to 12mm. 5 ⁇
  • the outer layer 1 is a filling layer 3
  • the filling layer 3 is a low-density polyethylene and high-density polyethylene mixed foaming material, the density of which is 0. 75 ⁇ 0. 82.
  • a center hole is disposed in the body of the fender, and an inner core outer layer 4, a reinforcing layer 5 and an inner core inner layer 6 are sequentially disposed between the filling layer 3 and the center hole, and a high-strength squeeze rod 2 is disposed in the filling layer 3.
  • the number of high-strength squeeze bars 2 is determined according to design needs. 5 ⁇
  • the center hole diameter is the outer diameter of the outer diameter or the maximum cross-sectional size of 0. 4 ⁇ 0. 5 times.
  • the textile hole is 3 ⁇ 8mm, so that the inner layer 4 is made of a low-melting-point polyethylene plastic alloy material, and the reinforcing layer 5 is made of a high-strength glass fiber or a steel wire mesh having a fiber diameter of 0. 1 ⁇ 0.
  • the inner and outer layers of the core are welded through the apertures.
  • the glass fibers used are subjected to a coupling treatment to increase the bonding force between the fibers and the plastic.
  • the inner core 6 is made of a mixture of low density polyethylene and high density polyethylene, and the high strength extruded rod 2 is made of high strength epoxy glass fiber or rebar.
  • the connecting piece must be used. Therefore, it can be made into a straight pipe connecting piece, a right-angle three-way connecting piece and an equiangular three-way connecting piece according to the design requirements. .
  • the basic structure is the same and can be divided into equal or unequal diameters.
  • the right-angle tee connection and the equiangular tee connection are connected to the fender: According to the machining process, it is divided into hot-melt type and plug-in type.
  • the hollow plastic fender in the figure is connected to the equiangular three-way connecting piece B.
  • the joint is made of special polyethylene elastic rubber.
  • the product of the invention is combined into a whip fender, a pier, a road anti-collision guardrail, a pile column, a load-bearing beam and a building structural member through a connecting piece.
  • the production process of the foamed hollow plastic fender core is as follows: As shown in Fig. 4, the inner core inner material is first extruded through the inner head 8 of the extruder 7 and then shaped by the shaping sleeve 9. The cooling tank 10 is cooled; then the longitudinal glass fiber or steel wire feeding device 1 1 and the positioning device 12 and the flower disk 13 are covered with longitudinal glass fiber or steel wire, and then wound by the winding machine 14 to transversely wrap the fiber or the steel wire, and preheated by the preheater 15 Heat, to the melting temperature, the composite inner core 6, the reinforcement layer 5 and the inner core outer layer 4 are composited by the composite head 16 (see Fig. 3), and after being composited, cooled by the cooling water tank 19, and pulled by the tractor 20. Finally, the core product 22 is cut by the sawing machine 21.
  • Apparatus used in the above method including extruder 7, sizing sleeve 9, cooling tank 10, tensioning device 6, disk 13, winding machine 14, preheater 15, cooling jacket 18, cooling water tank 19, tractor 20, saw Cutting machine 21 adopts the existing public Know the equipment.
  • the upper contact is made up of a spring 11.
  • the upper surface of the wire-wound disk 11.1 is contacted by a spring 11. 2 acting damping piece to ensure a certain tension of glass fiber or steel wire.
  • the positioning device 12 has tapered bores through which glass fibers or steel wires pass to achieve spatial positioning prior to compounding.
  • the composite head 16 has a structure in which an inner core composite main passage 35 is provided on the main body of the head, and an outer circumference of the inner core composite main passage 35 communicates with the annular inner core outer material inlet port 36.
  • the method for producing the foamed hollow plastic fender product provided by the present invention As shown in Fig. 6, the hollow cores 22 produced by the above method are first cut at the ends by the inner core flat device 23, and then heat is passed through the fuser 24. The fusion is connected, and then fed to the preheating ring 16 through the feeding device 25, the preheating temperature is 210 ⁇ 240 V, and then enters the composite head 28 together with the reinforcing rod 6, and the composite head 28 is simultaneously connected to the filling layer for extrusion.
  • the machine 27 and the outer skin extrusion machine 29 recombine the inner core 22, the filling layer 3 and the outer skin 1 through the composite head, and are shaped by the shaping sleeve 30, and then cooled by water of the water cooling jacket 31 by 20 to 40 degrees. It is towed by the traction mechanism 32 here, and finally sawn by the sawing machine 33 as a fender product 34.
  • the apparatus used in the above method comprises a core flat head device 23, a fuser 24, a feed device 25, a preheating ring 26, an extruder 27, 29, a sizing sleeve 30, a water jacket 31, a traction mechanism 32 and a sawing machine. 33 are all known in the art.
  • the structure of the composite handpiece 28 is as follows: As shown in Fig. 7, the inner core is disposed on the main body of the head through the main passage 41, and the inner core communicates with the outer circumference of the main passage 41 to connect the annular filling material inlet 38 and the composite annular space 39 at the nose.
  • the body is provided with a circumferentially uniform reinforcing bar passage hole 37, and an annular inlet 40 of the outer skin is disposed outside the annular packed layer composite annular space 39.
  • the inner core hollow of the invention can be filled with rigid polyurethane foam if required for engineering, and the bulk density should be filled with polyethylene foam inside the core of the non-porous product of 50 ⁇ 75kg/rrL, and the internal density of the inner core is 0. Between 55 and 0. 75, without reinforcement layer 5 and inner core inner hole.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

一种发泡中空塑料护舷产品及生产方法和设备 技术领域
本发明属于一种岸边使用的防撞护舷及陆上使用的柱桩产品， 特别是一种发泡 中空塑料护舷产品及生产方法和设备。
背景技术
码头修筑时常用石料、水泥、 山皮土等填海修成"山字"形桟桥， 形成船台。海水 岸线被人为分割， 海水不流动， 破坏了原来的洋流， 严重影响和破坏海岸线的生态 环境， 致使码头内海水变质发臭， 损坏了海洋生物的生存环境， 而且工时长， 费用 高， 取土时又破坏了出土地的生态。 目前采用旧式塑料护舷， 例如专利号为
02281015. 3的"低发泡塑料护舷"，因内芯为高密度聚已烯发泡材料构成，因此比较脆， 承受较大冲击力时易断裂； 而且重量重， 不易漂浮； 刚度低， 如做桩柱时易弯曲。 梁、 柱链结时节点不易处理， 所以实心产品只适合用做护舷， 不适合作为建筑柱桩 使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种发泡中空塑料护舷产品及生产方法和设备， 护舷产品 适用范围广， 节约木材、 橡胶和钢材。 使用性能好， 提高使用寿命， 容易施工， 降 低费用， 有利于环保。
本发明提供的产品技术方案如下： 它包括护舷主体外表皮、 填充层， 其特征是: 在护舷主体内设置中心孔， 在填充层与中心孔之间依次设置内芯外层、 增强层及内 芯内层， 并在填充层内设置高强度挤拉棒。
上述中心孔直径尺寸为外型直径尺寸或最大截面尺寸的 0. 4〜0. 5倍。
上述的主体外表皮采用高强度聚乙烯材料， 填充层采用低密度聚乙烯和高密度 聚乙烯混合发泡材料， 其密度在 0. 75〜0. 82; 内芯外层采用低熔点聚乙烯塑料合金 材料， 增强层采用高强度玻璃纤维或钢丝网格布， 内芯内层采用低密度聚乙烯和高 密度聚乙烯混合材料， 高强度挤拉棒采用高强度玻璃纤维材料或螺纹钢。
本发明产品通过连接件组合成码头护舷、 防撞护栏、 建筑结构件。
本发明提供的发泡中空塑料护舷空心内芯生产方法： 其特征是首先将内芯内层 材料经挤出机挤出内芯内层， 然后经定型套定型， 冷却； 然后经纵向玻璃纤维或钢 丝供给装置覆设纵向玻璃纤维或钢丝， 再经缠绕机进行横向缠绕纤维或钢丝， 经预 热器进行预热， 预热温度 210~240°C， 再通过内芯复合机头进行内芯内层、 增强层 和内芯外层的复合， 进行冷却， 最后切割即成护舷空心内芯产品。
上述生产方法使用的内芯复合机头， 包括机头主体， 其特征是： 在机头主体上 设置内芯复合主通道， 内芯复合主通道的外周连通环形内芯外层料进口。
本发明提供的发泡中空塑料护舷产品的生产方法： 其特征是先将空心内芯通过 内芯平头装置进行端部切平， 然后通过热熔器进行热熔连接， 再通过进给装置将其 送入预热圈， 预热温度为 210~240 V， 然后与加强棒一同送入复合机头， 通过复合 机头对空心内芯、 填充层和外表皮进行复合， 复合后经定型套定型， 再经水冷套的 20~40度水冷却， 通过牵引机构牵引， 最后切割成护舷产品。
上述生产方法使用的复合机头， 包括机头主体， 其特征是： 在机头主体上设置 内芯通过主通道， 在内芯通过主通道的外周连通环形填充层料进口及环形复合空间， 在机头主体上设置沿周向均布的加强棒通过孔， 在填充层料复合环形空间的外部设 置外表皮料复合环形进口。
本发明的优点是： 1， 可取代码头上的橡胶护舷、 木桩和废旧轮胎， 使用连接件 将产品组合成码头护舷、 防撞护栏， 节约了木材和橡胶。 使用连接件组合成梁、 柱 等建筑结构件， 节约木材、 钢材， 并且对梁、 柱等建筑结构件链结时容易处理。 2、 具有优良的化学稳定性、 耐氧化性， 大幅度提高了抗冲击性， 柔性好， 增加了弹性 模量和刚度； 彻底解决了钢骨混凝土海水腐蚀的难题， 成倍地提高了使用寿命。 3、 由于采用中间空心， 用作梁柱时， 采用相应的连接件可以任意延长二维三维链结， 真正达到了塑料木桩的作用， 具有实心产品不可比拟的特性， 扩大了产品的使用范 围。 4、 采用本发明产品构件施工， 不但缩短了施工周期， 并且节省了建筑费用。 采 用本发明产品建成桥式码头， 不影响原来的洋流方向， 海岸线通透， 实现了海洋生 物、 人类活动的平衡和和谐。 5、 使用主材料为废旧聚乙烯， 显著减轻白色污染的压 力。 生产过程无三废排放。
附图说明
图 1、 2是本发明产品的方筒形、 圆筒形两种形式截面示意图。
图 3是本发明的空心内芯截面示意图。
图 4是本发明的空心内芯生产步骤示意图。
图 4A是供给装置的结构示意图。
图 5是本发明的空心内芯复合机头示意图。 图 6是本发明的护舷产品生产步骤示意图。
图 7是本发明的产品复合机头示意图。
图 8、 9、 10是本发明产品三种形式连接件示意图。
具体实施方式
见图 1、 2， 本发明提供的产品结构如下： 护舷产品外形可采用方筒形、 圆筒形 或长方筒形， 护舷主体外表皮 1采用回收的高强度聚乙烯材料， 厚度为 5〜12mm。 外 表皮 1内为填充层 3， 填充层 3采用低密度聚乙烯和高密度聚乙烯混合发泡材料， 其密 度在0. 75〜0. 82。 护舷主体内设置中心孔， 在填充层 3与中心孔之间依次设置内芯外 层 4、 增强层 5及内芯内层 6， 并在填充层 3内设置高强度挤拉棒 2。 高强度挤拉棒 2的 根数根据设计需要确定。 其中中心孔直径尺寸为外型直径尺寸或最大截面尺寸的 0. 4〜0. 5倍。 内芯外层 4采用低熔点聚乙烯塑料合金材料， 增强层 5采用高强度玻璃 纤维或钢丝网格布， 其纤维组合直径在 0. 1〜0. 5mm， 纺织孔在 3〜8mm， 以便内芯内 层和外层通过孔隙熔接。 使用的玻璃纤维要经过偶联处理， 以增加纤维与塑料之间 的结合力。 内芯内层 6采用低密度聚乙烯和高密度聚乙烯混合材料， 高强度挤拉棒 2 采用高强度环氧树脂玻璃纤维或螺纹钢。
见图 8— 10， 本产品如果联成若干米长或组合成构件必须使用连接件， 因此， 要 按设计要求可制作成直管连接件、 直角三通连接件和等角三通连接件等。 无论尺寸 大小和连接形式如何， 其基本结构相同， 可分为等径或不等径。 如图 10所示， 直角 三通连接件和等角三通连接件等对护舷的连接方式： 根据加工工艺分为热熔型、 插 入型。 图中的中空塑料护舷顺接在等角三通连接件 B上， 接头处 0 ^专用聚乙烯弹性 胶， 除具有密封性外， 并有弹性确保构件粘结密实。 本发明产品通过连接件组合成 码头护舷、 桥墩、 公路防撞护栏、 桩柱、 承重梁、 建筑结构件。
本发明提供的发泡中空塑料护舷内芯生产步骤如下： 见图 4 ， 首先将内芯内层 材料经挤出机 7的机头 8挤出内芯内层， 然后经定型套 9定型， 冷却槽 10冷却； 然后经 纵向玻璃纤维或钢丝供给装置 1 1和定位装置 12以及花盘 13覆设纵向玻璃纤维或钢 丝， 再经缠绕机 14进行横向缠绕纤维或钢丝， 经预热器 15进行预热， 到熔融温度， 经复合机头 16进行内芯内层 6、 增强层 5和内芯外层 4的复合 （见图 3)， 复合后经过冷 却水槽 19进行冷却， 通过牵引机 20牵引， 最后通过锯切机 21切割即成内芯产品 22。
上述方法使用的设备， 包括挤出机 7、 定型套 9、冷却槽 10、 张紧装置 6、花盘 13、 缠绕机 14、 预热器 15、 冷却套 18、 冷却水槽 19、 牵引机 20、 锯切机 21均采用现有公 知设备。 见图 4A而纵向玻璃纤维或钢丝供给装置 11是沿周向均布的多个玻璃纤维或 钢丝缠绕盘 11. 1， 在钢丝缠绕盘 11. 1的整体连接轴面 11. 3上接触由弹簧 11. 2作用的 阻尼片， 以保证玻璃纤维或钢丝具有一定张紧度。 定位装置 12如图中所示， 具有玻 璃纤维或钢丝穿过的锥型孔， 以实现复合前的空间定位。 见图 5， 复合机头 16的结构 是： 在机头主体上设置内芯复合主通道 35， 内芯复合主通道 35的外周连通环形内芯 外层料进入口 36。
本发明提供的发泡中空塑料护舷产品的生产方法： 见图 6， 先将上述方法生产的 各空心内芯 22通过内芯平头装置 23进行端部切平， 然后通过热熔器 24进行热熔连接， 再通过进给装置 25将其送入预热圈 16， 预热温度为 210~240 V， 然后与加强棒 6— 同进入复合机头 28， 复合机头 28同时连接填充层挤出机 27和外表皮料挤出机 29， 通 过复合机头对内芯 22、 填充层 3和外表皮 1进行复合， 复合后经定型套 30定型， 再经 水冷套 31的 20~40度水冷却， 通过此处的牵引机构 32牵引， 最后通过锯切机 33锯割 即成护舷产品 34。
上述方法使用的设备， 包括内芯平头装置 23、 热熔器 24、 进给装置 25、 预热圈 26、 挤出机 27、 29、 定型套 30、 水冷套 31、 牵引机构 32和锯切机 33均采用现有公知 设备。 复合机头 28的结构如下： 见图 7， 在机头主体上设置内芯通过主通道 41， 在内 芯通过主通道 41的外周连通环形填充层料进口 38及复合环形空间 39， 在机头主体上 设置沿周向均布的加强棒通过孔 37， 在环形填充层料复合环形空间 39的外部设置外 表皮料的环形进口 40。
本发明的内芯内孔空心如若工程需要可以使用硬质聚氨酯泡沫灌注填充， 其容 重应在 50〜75kg/ rrL 无内孔制品内芯内部由聚乙烯泡沫填充， 此时内芯内部密度在 0. 55〜0. 75之间， 无加强层 5和内芯内孔。

Claims

权利 要 求
Is 一种发泡中空塑料护舷产品， 它包括护舷主体外表皮、 填充层， 其特征是： 在护舷主体内设置中心孔， 在填充层与中心孔之间依次设置内芯外层、 增强层及内 芯内层， 并在填充层内设置高强度挤拉棒。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的发泡中空塑料护舷产品， 其特征是：中心孔直径尺寸 为外型直径尺寸或最大截面尺寸的 0. 4〜0. 5倍。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的发泡中空塑料护舷产品， 其特征是：主体外表皮采用 高强度聚乙烯材料， 填充层采用低密度聚乙烯和高密度聚乙烯混合发泡材料， 其密 度在0. 75〜0. 82；内芯外层采用低熔点聚乙烯塑料合金材料， 增强层采用高强度玻 璃纤维或钢丝网格布， 内芯内层采用低密度聚乙烯和高密度聚乙烯混合材料， 高强 度挤拉棒采用高强度环氧树脂玻璃纤维材料或螺纹钢。
4、 一种如权利要求 1所述发泡中空塑料护舷的生产方法， 其特征是：首先将内 芯内层材料经挤出机挤出内芯内层， 然后经定型套定型， 冷却；然后经纵向玻璃纤 维或钢丝供给装置覆设纵向玻璃纤维或钢丝， 再经缠绕机进行横向缠绕纤维或钢丝， 经预热器进行预热， 预热温度 210— 240°C, 再通过内芯复合机头进行内芯内层、 增 强层和内芯外层的复合， 进行冷却， 最后切割即成护舷空心内芯产品。
5、 一种如权利要求 4所述发泡中空塑料护舷的生产方法使用的设备， 其特征是： 内芯复合机头的主体上设置内芯复合主通道， 内芯复合主通道的外周连通环形内芯 外层料进口。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述发泡中空塑料护舷的生产方法， 其特征是：先将空心内 芯产品通过内芯平头装置进行端部切平， 然后通过热容器进行热熔连接， 再通过进 给装置将其送入预热圈，预热温度为 210— 240 °C,然后与加强棒一同送入复合机头， 通过复合机头対空心内芯、 填充层和外表皮进行复合， 复合后经定型套定型， 再经 水冷套的 20— 40度水冷却， 通过牵引机构牵引， 最后切割成护舷产品。
7、 一种如权利要求 6所述发泡中空塑料护舷的生产方法使用的设备， 其特征是： 复合机头的主体上设置内芯通过主通道， 在内芯通过主通道的外周连通环形填充层 料进口及环形复合空间， 在机头主体上设置沿周向均布的加强棒通过孔， 在填充层 料复合环形空间的外部设置外表皮料的环形填充层料进口。
8、 一种如权利要求 1所述发泡中空塑料护舷的用途， 其特征是：中空塑料护舷 通过连接件组合成构件， 应用于码头护舷、 防撞护栏、 建筑结构件。
PCT/CN2009/074403 2009-08-21 2009-10-12 一种发泡中空塑料护舷产品及生产方法和设备 WO2011020252A1 (zh)

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