Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
  • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
  • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
  • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
  • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
  • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
  • H01H2033/907—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism using tandem pistons, e.g. several compression volumes being modified in conjunction or sequential
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
  • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
  • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
  • H01H2033/908—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism using valves for regulating communication between, e.g. arc space, hot volume, compression volume, surrounding volume

Definitions

• the invention relates to a breaking chamber for use in a medium or high voltage circuit breaker typically in the range of 7.2 kV to 800 kV.
• the design must be provided so that the opening and closing maneuvers of the three-pole circuit breaker can be performed only by means of actuation of a spring latching mechanism control which is located outside the interrupting chambers.
• patent FR 2 435 118 discloses a solution which consists in integrating a coil spring 20 inside the interrupting chamber, which is compressed during a closing operation by the external control and whose function is to compress the gas arc blowing present in a blowing volume during an opening maneuver.
• the coil spring 20 bearing against the blow piston 15 formed integrally and around an arc contact 18 is compressed during the closing maneuver by the other arc contact 21 connected to the control.
• the coil spring 20 expands and thus compresses the gas present in the blast volume 30.
• the pressure in this volume 30 is further increased by the heating of the gases. from the arc energy 25.
• Patent EP 0 441 292 discloses a solution similar to the previous one and which furthermore consists, according to the short-circuit operation illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, of producing a double blow-out flow from the volumes V1 and V4 in parallel towards the contact d 4A and through the nozzle 16.
• the volume Vl increases during the breaking of high currents and consequently the overpressure generated for the cut is reduced.
• Another disadvantage is that the two arcing contacts 4A, 7A may repel each other when breaking short-circuit currents. high circuit if the force of the spring 13 is not sufficient.
• the blows in parallel from each other respectively volumes V1, V4 tend to be mutually disrupted. In other words, this solution can not be applied for high short-circuit currents (> 25kA).
• WO 2006/066420 discloses another solution which consists in cooling the arc which occurs between the arcing contacts 4 and 5 by blowing gas generated from the volume 24, as shown schematically in FIG. 1 of this patent.
• the increase in pressure in the volume 24 is achieved by the compressed gas from the volume 27 through the channel 29 and simultaneously by the heating of the gases caused by the energy of the arc.
• volume 27 is arranged on an outer diameter of the volume 24. This outer diameter is wide and tends to increase the diameter of the insulators 3, 3c.
• blowing piston 28 and the arc contact 4 must be moved by the same mechanism by means of a complex linkage because of the different races to be performed for each moving part and that the linkage must have completed compression in the volume 27 when the arc is established between the arc contacts 4 and 5.
• the breaking chamber according to this document GB 1570035 is not adapted to the performance required for recent high-voltage circuit breakers from 7.2 kV to 800 kV. Indeed, in the disclosed breaking chamber 1 'heating blowing gases occurs by generating, prior to the cutting of the final arc 28, an initial arc 27 within the same blowing volume 6, 26. This leads to a significant deterioration of the dielectric properties of the gas contained in this volume 6, 26 and therefore implies an unsuitability for recent high-voltage circuit breakers.
• the object of the invention is thus to provide a breaking chamber for high or medium voltage circuit breakers typically in the range of 7.2 kV to 800 kV which does not have the disadvantages of the prior art and which requires a low energy maneuver , especially in case of high short-circuit current failure (> 63kA).
• the object of the invention is a current breaking chamber for a medium or high voltage circuit breaker extending along a longitudinal axis and comprising: a pair of arcing contacts, one of which is fixed and the other is movable along the longitudinal axis (XX ') under the action of a maneuvering rod to separate from one another during a power failure ; the travel in translation of the movable contact being sufficiently high to achieve the power failure whatever value and to obtain the dielectric strength of the circuit breaker,
• a blowing chamber whose volume V2 is fixed and which opens inside the blowing nozzle to bring the blowing gas to the arc formed between the contacts during a cut,
• a compression chamber substantially arranged behind the blowing chamber parallel to the longitudinal axis, and whose volume Vl varies and opens into the blowing chamber under the action of a piston
• blowing chamber opens into the blast nozzle through a blast channel for supplying the blast gas to the area outside the blast chamber where the single arc formed between the arc contacts occurs during a blast. cut.
• the invention therefore consists essentially in combination with:
• the energy required for the compression of the gas is thus minimized because of the proximity of the spring to the compression volume, obtaining a simple way of moving the piston and the movable arcing contact with their respective necessary strokes, the stroke of the movable arcing contact being equal to the compression stroke of the piston plus an additional stroke to obtain a sufficient distance between the arcing contacts in the open position (high enough to achieve the power failure regardless of value and to obtain the dielectric strength of the circuit breaker),
• circuit breaker external control command that provides just the energy needed to close the contacts and to maneuver the movable arcing contact when opening.
• the breaking chamber according to the invention is perfectly suited to the performance required in modern high-voltage circuit breakers, typically from 7.2kV to 80OkV.
• the breaking chamber according to the invention has:
• a blow-molding chamber with a standard shape such as that used in modern high-voltage circuit breakers, and which opens with a small diameter channel on the zone where the arc occurs,
• the breaking chamber according to the invention has:
• the temporary mechanical connection means are arranged outside the blow and compression chambers with respect to the longitudinal axis.
• An advantageous variant of the temporary mechanical connection means consists of a tube fixed to the piston and of diameter substantially equal to the permanent contact itself fixed to the moving arcing contact, said tube being in abutment against the end of the contact mobile permanent until complete compression of the volume Vl.
• the temporary mechanical connection means are arranged inside the blow and compression chambers with respect to the longitudinal axis.
• the fixed arc contact has a generally tubular shape, the temporary mechanical connection means being arranged inside the fixed arc tube.
• This variant is advantageous because it makes it possible to obtain a more compact chamber with respect to a chamber according to the other variant with the temporary connection means consisting of a tube of substantially equal to the permanent contact.
• the temporary mechanical connection means comprise a tube fixed to the piston and of smaller diameter than the fixed contact, said tube being in abutment against the end of the movable arc contact until the complete compression of the volume Vl.
• the invention relates to a high or medium voltage circuit breaker, comprising, for a pole, one or more breaking chambers described above.
• FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of a breaking chamber according to the invention for longitudinal sectional view and in different positions from the closure of the contacts to the extreme opening of the contacts and the cut made,
• FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the interrupting chamber according to FIGS. 1 to 4,
• FIG. 6 and 7 show a second embodiment of a breaking chamber according to the invention for longitudinal section and respectively in the closed position of the contacts and the extreme opening of the contacts and the cut made.
• the current interrupting chamber 1 for a medium or high voltage circuit breaker extends along a longitudinal axis (XX ') and firstly comprises an insulating envelope 10 and a pair of permanent contacts 2, 3 of which one is fixed 3 and the other 2 is movable along the longitudinal axis (XX ') under the action of a not shown operating rod.
• It also comprises a pair of arcing contacts 4, 5 of which one is fixed and secured.
• the permanent fixed contact 3 and the other 5 is movable along the longitudinal axis (XX ') and integral with the permanent movable contact 2.
• the arc contacts 4, 5 are provided to separate each other during a power failure .
• the travel in translation of the movable contact 5 is sufficiently high to achieve the power failure regardless of value and to obtain the dielectric strength of the circuit breaker.
• a blowing chamber 7 delimited by a fixed part 70 and the arc-blowing nozzle 6 defines a fixed volume V2 and which opens inside the blast nozzle 6 by a blowing duct 700 of reduced diameter to bring the blowing gas in the zone Z outside the chamber I 1 where the arc formed between the arcing contacts occurs during a break.
• a compression chamber 8 defines a volume Vl that varies and opens into the blowing chamber 7 under the action of a piston 9.
• the compression chambers 8 and blowing 7 are substantially arranged one behind the other parallel to the longitudinal axis XX '.
• a helical spring 11 is fixed at one of its ends 110 directly to the piston and at the other of its ends 111 to a fixed part 12.
• the interrupting chamber 1 further comprises temporary mechanical connection means 13 between the piston 9 and the movable arcing contact 4 to compress the spring 11 against the piston during a closing operation of the contacts 4, 5 and to obtain a stroke of the movable arcing contact 5 greater than the stroke of the spring 11 which performs the complete compression of the volume Vl. Furthermore, the complete compression of the gas in the Volume Vl is approximately made as soon as the arcing contacts 4, 5 are separated (FIG. 2).
• the first embodiment provides that the spring 11 is compressed by temporary connection means arranged outside the rooms of the chamber ( Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5). As illustrated, these means 13 consist of a tube 130 fixed to the piston 9 by pins 131.
• the second embodiment provides that the spring 11 is compressed by temporary connection means arranged inside the chamber 1.
• these means 13 consist of a tube 132 attached to the piston 9 and of smaller diameter than the fixed contact 4, said tube 132 being in abutment against the end of the movable arc contact 5 until the complete compression of the volume Vl.
• the spring 11 pushes the piston 9 and the tube 130 which is bound (towards the right in Figure 2), the part integrating the arc contact 5 and permanent 2 is also pushed and at the same time moved in translation by the not shown actuating rod.
• the dimensioning is such that the tube 130 and the part 2, 5 remain in contact C until the position in FIG. 2 is reached.
• the permanent contact 2 is separated from the permanent contact 3 in this position.
• the gas is compressed in V1
• the overpressure opens the valve 15 between the volumes V1 and V2, so that the volume V2 is precompressed and before the energy of the arc has heated the gas in V2.
• the arc contact 4 remains fixed while the arc contact 5 is moved by the not shown operating rod ( Figures 3 and 4).
• the arc is stretched, the energy of the arc heats the gas in the volume V2 and increases the pressure in this volume V2.
• the overpressure in the chamber 7 produces a blow through the blast channel 700 which cools the arc in the zone Z outside the chamber 7 and consequently, the arc is interrupted.
• the spring 11 is compressed when the piston 9 is pushed to the left by the moving arc contact 5 via the insulating tube 132.
• FIG. 7 shows the breaking chamber 1 according to the second embodiment, in the fully open position.

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• Circuit Breakers (AREA)
• Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=41718669

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (9)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 2009
  • 2009-08-14 FR FR0955677A patent/FR2949170B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2010
  • 2010-08-09 JP JP2012524211A patent/JP5615362B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2010-08-09 EP EP10739374A patent/EP2465127A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-08-09 WO PCT/EP2010/061535 patent/WO2011018426A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2010-08-09 CN CN2010800361989A patent/CN102484015A/zh active Pending

Patent Citations (9)

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