WO2011017906A1 - 变速器 - Google Patents

变速器 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2011017906A1
WO2011017906A1 PCT/CN2010/001164 CN2010001164W WO2011017906A1 WO 2011017906 A1 WO2011017906 A1 WO 2011017906A1 CN 2010001164 W CN2010001164 W CN 2010001164W WO 2011017906 A1 WO2011017906 A1 WO 2011017906A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
groove
push rod
fork
shaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/001164
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘卫平
Original Assignee
Liu Weiping
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Liu Weiping filed Critical Liu Weiping
Publication of WO2011017906A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011017906A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/02Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/08Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
    • F16H3/083Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts with radially acting and axially controlled clutching members, e.g. sliding keys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gear type stepped transmission.
  • the two-axis type means that the transmission has only the input shaft and the output shaft, and the gear shafts with different pairs of teeth are arranged on the two shafts.
  • the triaxial type refers to the intermediate shaft in addition to the input shaft and the output shaft.
  • the input shaft and the intermediate shaft are connected by a common gear, and a plurality of gear pairs with different numbers of teeth are arranged on the output shaft and the intermediate shaft, and the sliding gears on the spline of the output shaft are controlled, and a pair of gears are respectively engaged to obtain a plurality of gears.
  • China FAW's Audi 100 sedan uses a two-axle five-speed transmission that is mounted longitudinally on the flywheel housing, and the transmission and reducer are directly connected.
  • the front end of the input shaft is supported by a ball bearing in a hole in the center of the flywheel, and the middle and the rear end are respectively supported by the needle bearing on the front and rear walls of the transmission case, and the input shaft between the two needle bearings is sequentially from front to back.
  • One or two gears, three or four gear synchronizers, four or five reverse gears; one or two reverse gears are directly machined on the input shaft, and the third and fourth gears are loosely sleeved on the input shaft with needle bearings.
  • the fifth gear is pressed into the spline of the input shaft, and the hub of the third and fourth gear synchronizer is placed on the spline of the input shaft.
  • the output shaft is supported on the front and rear walls of the housing by roller bearings, and the angular gear at the front end of the output shaft is constantly meshed with the basin gear of the reducer, and the gear or synchronizer arranged in the output shaft from the front to the rear is a gear, one Second gear synchronizer, two three four four gears, five, reverse gear synchronizer, reverse gear, one of the two reverse gears are respectively loosened on the output shaft through the needle bearing, and respectively equipped with axial force Axial locking ring.
  • the hubs of the two synchronizers are respectively connected by splines and output shafts and axially positioned by axial shifting rings.
  • the five forward gears of the shaft are normally meshed with the five forward gears of the input shaft, and the reverse shaft is supported on the housing, and the loosely wound gears of the shaft are constantly meshed with the reverse gears on the input shaft and the output shaft, respectively.
  • the engagement sleeve of the first and second speed synchronizers is moved forward by the fork to mesh with the gear ring at the rear end of the coaxial first gear; the power is transmitted through the first gear of the input shaft, and the gear ring of the first gear of the first gear.
  • the coupling sleeve of the first and second speed synchronizers and the gear hub and the angular gear that are constantly meshed with the joint sleeve are transmitted. Hang two, two, four, five files with the same reason.
  • China FAW's liberation CA10B is a three-axle five-speed transmission.
  • the transmission is bolted to the upper casing of the flywheel.
  • the transmission is mainly composed of a shifting transmission mechanism and an operating mechanism.
  • the former is housed in the transmission housing and the latter is mounted in the upper cover.
  • the shifting transmission mechanism is composed of a first shaft, a second shaft intermediate shaft, and a reverse shaft.
  • the first shaft is integrally formed with the ring gear and the gear ring at the rear end of the gear, and the front end of the first shaft is supported by the ball shaft in the seat hole at the center of the flywheel, and the rear end ball shaft
  • the bearing is supported on the front wall of the transmission; the front portion of the first shaft has a spline and a clutch plate, and the inner hole of the rear ring has a second shaft head supported by the needle bearing.
  • the rear end of the second shaft is supported by the ball bearing in the seat hole of the rear wall of the transmission, and the rear end of the second shaft is splined with the flange plate and locked with a nut for mounting the hand brake. Plate and universal joint fork.
  • the second shaft is arranged from the back to the front, and the reverse gear and the second and third gears are loosely sleeved on the shaft, and the forks of the front ends of the two gears are inserted with the shift fork; the second and third gears
  • the front end is provided with internal teeth for engaging with the external teeth at the rear end of the front three-position permanent gear, and the inner hole formed by the internal tooth tip of the gear is larger than the inner hole behind the internal tooth.
  • the front third and fifth gears are loosely sleeved on the shaft and are constantly meshed with the corresponding gears on the intermediate shaft; the spline portions of the front section of the second shaft are sleeved with four and five gear hubs and are locked with nuts.
  • the fourth and fifth gear hubs are sleeved with an axially movable joint sleeve, which can be fitted with the outer ring gear of the front end of the fifth gear, or the outer ring gear of the rear end of the first shaft, and the outer annular groove of the sleeve.
  • the intermediate shaft is below the second shaft, and its both ends are supported by bearings on the front and rear walls of the transmission case.
  • the second gear and the reverse gear are arranged integrally with the shaft on the intermediate shaft from the rear to the front.
  • the three-speed five-speed permanent gear power take-off gear (standby) and the permanent-gear passive gear are fixed by semi-circular keys respectively. On the shaft.
  • the permanent-gear driven gear of the intermediate shaft is constantly meshed with the permanent-gear main gear of the first shaft.
  • the reverse shaft is mounted on one side of the housing and is fixed to the housing by a locking pin.
  • the reverse gear intermediate gear is integrally formed with the reverse intermediate gear, and is supported on the reverse shaft by two needle bearings.
  • the reverse gear intermediate gear is constantly meshed with the reverse gear on the intermediate shaft.
  • the second gear of the intermediate shaft snaps into the gap between the two gears of the reverse shaft.
  • the gears integrally formed with the shaft on the intermediate shaft are straight teeth, and the gears fixed to the intermediate shaft by the keys are helical teeth.
  • the shifting mechanism is mainly composed of a shift lever fork and a fork shaft.
  • the ball joint in the middle of the shift lever is pressed upward by the conical spring stuck in the cover body in the ball seat of the transmission cover, and the lower end of the shift lever is vertically inserted into the middle fork shaft, and the fork shaft can be inside the transmission cover
  • the guide holes are slipped, and the lower end split forks of the three shift forks are respectively inserted into the annular grooves of the corresponding gears or the joint sleeves on the second shaft. In the neutral position, the grooves in the upper ends of the three forks are aligned.
  • the positioning device has three grooves above the front section of each fork shaft, and a spring and a lock ball are arranged in the vertical hole of the transmission cover. The ball is caught in the groove of the fork shaft under the pressure of the spring.
  • the fork shaft is fixed, and the distance between the grooves on the fork shaft just ensures that the gears meshing with each other are meshed or separated by full teeth.
  • the interlocking device is that the groove at the two ends of the cross hole of the middle fork shaft is aligned with the two grooves of the adjacent two fork shafts, and one of the interlocking pins in the horizontal hole is slightly longer than the horizontal hole, and the four grooves are Each has a lock ball, two pairs of lock balls are respectively inserted into the two transverse holes of the transmission cover, and the four grooves are in the same straight line, and at this time, one of the fork shafts is moved, and the two pairs of lock balls will be Insert them into the grooves of the other two fork shafts so that they cannot move.
  • the power is transmitted through the first shaft, the intermediate shaft, the reverse gear intermediate gear, the second shaft, the reverse gear, and the second shaft.
  • Move the shift lever forward to the neutral position then move the shift lever to the left to the limit.
  • the lower end of the shift lever is inserted into the groove of the second and third shift forks, and then the shift lever is moved forward, and the shift fork drives.
  • the third gear is slid rearwardly to mesh with the second gear of the intermediate shaft.
  • the shift lever is pulled backward to the third gear position, and the second and third gears are slid forward, and the inner teeth of the front end mesh with the outer teeth of the rear end of the coaxial third gear.
  • the power is transmitted through the intermediate shaft three-speed permanent gear, the second-axis three-speed permanent gear, the second-axis second and third gears, and the second shaft.
  • Power is transmitted through the tooth ring of the first shaft, the sleeve, the fourth and fifth gear hubs, and the second shaft.
  • the shift fork moves the clutch sleeve back to separate from the ring gear of the first shaft, and then engages with the outer ring gear at the front end of the second shaft and the fifth gear.
  • the power is transmitted through the first shaft, the intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft, the fifth gear, the second shaft, the fifth gear, the joint sleeve, the fourth and fifth gear hubs, and the second shaft.
  • the present invention provides that no matter how many gear positions, only one fork is required to operate a sliding tooth, which is completed quickly, accurately and accurately. All shifts.
  • the gear type stepped transmission is composed of a shifting transmission mechanism and an operating mechanism.
  • the input shaft and the output shaft are inserted in the hole of the transmission case, the input shaft is connected with the power device, and the input shaft is loose.
  • the gears are of different sizes and the output shaft is integrated with the gears on the shaft.
  • the forward gear on the input shaft meshes with the corresponding gear on the output shaft, and the output shaft is connected with the output device, and the gear is loosely sleeved on the input shaft.
  • the sliding sleeve in the annular groove between the adjacent internal teeth is loosely sleeved at the flange of the input shaft, and the inner hole of the sliding sleeve is formed with an inner groove communicating with the same number of longitudinal slots of the input shaft.
  • the root of the inner groove is curved, the tip of the tooth is curved, and the front portion of the tooth and the connecting rod are outwardly lifted.
  • the opening fork of the fork is snapped into the annular groove of the sliding tooth.
  • the gear on the reverse shaft meshes with the reverse gear of the input shaft and also with the first gear of the output shaft.
  • the lever is integrated with the fork, and the opening fork of the fork is snapped into the annular groove of the slider.
  • the power cylinder is integrated with the transmission cover, and the push rod at the rear end of the piston is fixedly connected with the sleeve at the upper end of the fork.
  • the opening fork of the fork is caught in the annular groove of the sliding tooth, and the operating rod is sleeved on the sleeve, and the inner hole of the push rod
  • the body has a spring in the inner hole, and the rear electromagnetic coil is fixed at the rear end of the sleeve, and the wires of the two electromagnetic coils are connected with the computer.
  • the front and rear oil passages of the push rod are respectively connected with the front arc chamber of the power cylinder and the front curved groove of the upper end of the push rod, respectively.
  • the arc chamber of the rear chamber of the cylinder communicates with the arc groove at the lower end of the push rod, and the oil inlet pipe and the rear arc groove of the upper end of the push rod communicate with each other.
  • the annular groove of the slide valve has a horizontal groove on the upper and lower sides, and the upper arc groove and the front arc of the upper end of the push rod The slot is connected, and the lower slot is connected to the return pipe.
  • the power cylinder and the rear cover are integrally formed at the rear end of the transmission case, and the opening fork at the front end of the push rod is engaged in the annular groove of the sliding tooth, the sleeve is fixed on the push rod, and the front electromagnetic coil body and the slide valve in the sleeve Integrally integrated, the body of the rear electromagnetic coil is fixed on the sleeve, and the spring in the inner hole of the push rod is spring and sleek, and the spring in the inner hole of the electromagnetic coil body is rearwardly pushed to the operating lever inserted into the sleeve, and the slide valve is There is a horizontal groove in the upper and lower sides of the vertical hole, and the lower horizontal groove communicates with the oil return pipe.
  • the upper oil passage of the push rod communicates with the front arc chamber, the front arc groove and the upper horizontal groove at the upper end of the push rod, and the lower oil passage of the push rod and the rear
  • the chamber is connected with the arc groove of the lower end of the push rod, and the rear arc groove of the upper end of the push rod is in communication with the oil inlet pipe, and the inner hole of the push rod has an annular groove, and the connecting rod integrally formed with the operating rod rides on the rib of the power cylinder
  • a button switch is arranged on one side of the connecting rod, a valve core is arranged in the hole on the other side of the connecting rod, and a spring behind the valve core is fixed in the inner hole of the solenoid valve body,
  • the body of the solenoid valve is fixed on the connecting rod, and there is a push button switch in the grip of the joystick.
  • the duct and the back cover are integrally formed at the rear end of the transmission case, and the lower end of the duct is provided with a hole corresponding to each gear position, and the flanges of the two electromagnetic coils loosely sleeved on the duct are engaged at the upper end of the duct.
  • the opening fork of the fork is snapped into the annular groove of the sliding tooth
  • the fork lever is integrated with the front electromagnetic coil body
  • the opening fork of the rear flange of the electromagnetic coil body rides on the fork lever
  • the core (35) is snapped into the electromagnetic coil body
  • the joystick is integrated with the front electromagnetic coil body.
  • the wires of the three coils of the operating mechanism are connected to the computer.
  • the rack fixed on the sleeve is caught in the sliding groove of the power, and the push button switch in the circular hole on one side of the sliding slot is connected with the computer.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that after the two sets of forks are reduced, the five-speed seven-speed transmission can be changed quickly, accurately and accurately by using a set of forks.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view of Embodiment 1.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the operating portion of the second embodiment.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of the manipulating portions that can be selected for both embodiments.
  • the first embodiment is shown in Fig. 1.
  • the transmission case (6) is bolted to the outer casing of the power unit, the front section of the input shaft (8) is integrated with the turbine of the torque converter, and the bearings for the middle and rear sections of the input shaft are used.
  • (7) Supported in the seat holes of the front and rear walls of the transmission case.
  • the two bearings of the input shaft are sequentially arranged with 5, 4, 3, 2, 2, and 2 actual gears from front to back.
  • the internal gears of the 6 gears are straight teeth.
  • the sliding sleeve in the annular groove between each internal tooth and the adjacent internal tooth is loosely sleeved at the flange (4) of the input shaft, and the sliding sleeve rotates with the shaft.
  • Each sliding sleeve (2) has three equidistant inner grooves aligned with the openings of the three longitudinal straight grooves in the rear portion of the input shaft, and the sliding teeth have a tooth protruding in the groove in each groove (3)
  • the connecting rods behind the three teeth are integrally formed behind the input shaft and have an annular groove.
  • the tooth tips of the three teeth are curved, and the connecting rods behind the teeth are made to be outwardly lifted, and the central portions of the three inner grooves of the sliding sleeve are curved.
  • a needle roller is arranged in the annular groove between the 5-speed gear (1) and the sliding sleeve on the input shaft, and an arc-shaped partition plate made of engineering plastic is used between the adjacent needle rollers, and the 3rd and 4th gears of the input shaft are A steel ball positioned with a hoop.
  • the output shaft (9) is supported by the ball bearing in the seat hole of the front and rear walls of the transmission case. Five gears of different sizes on the output shaft are in constant mesh with the five forward gears on the input shaft, wherein the fifth gear and the output shaft are made. Integral, the other gears are made in one piece with splines and pins (5) fixed to the shaft.
  • the angular gear at the front end of the output shaft is always meshed with the basin gear of the reducer, and the rear end of the output shaft is splined with the universal joint fork and locked with a nut.
  • the reverse shaft is mounted on one side of the housing and fixed in the seat hole of the front and rear walls.
  • the long gear of the loose shaft on the reverse shaft constantly meshes with the reverse gear of the input shaft, and also meshes with the first gear on the output shaft.
  • the rear cover is bolted to the rear end of the housing, and a dust cover is fixed at the opening above the extension of the rear cover (10), and the upper end of the dust cover is sleeved on the sleeve (15).
  • the transmission cover and the power cylinder (11) are integrally fixed with bolts above the housing, and the push rod (12) at the rear end of the piston is fixed with the sleeve through two hollow bolts, and the fork is integrated with the sleeve, the fork The lower fork is snapped into the annular groove of the sliding tooth.
  • the hollow oil inlet nut (14) is in communication with the electric oil pump, and the arc groove at the lower end of the push rod communicates with the rear chamber of the power cylinder through the lower oil passage.
  • the center of the spool valve has a perforation in the longitudinal direction.
  • the annular groove of the spool valve has a transverse groove in front of the upper and lower sides, wherein the upper transverse groove (18) communicates with the upper oil passage, and the lower transverse groove (19) passes through the hollow oil return below the sleeve side.
  • the nut is in communication with the reservoir.
  • a rack (13) is fixed on the oil inlet nut, and the front end of the rack is caught in the chute at the upper end of the power cylinder, and the steel ball in the round hole on one side of the chute is connected with a concave rubber button.
  • the two upper contacts on the opposite side of the button are connected to the computer.
  • the joystick is inserted into the wave groove of the console, the peak on the right side is neutral, and the left side
  • the trough is 5, 4, 3, 2, inverted, 1 file.
  • the power is reversed, and the power is transmitted through the input shaft, the three teeth, the reverse gear, the long gear of the reverse shaft, the first gear of the output shaft, and the output shaft.
  • the transmission can also automatically shift the speed.
  • the computer receives the signal of the forward and backward shifting neutrals given by the operator through the button according to the preset program, the computer will timely wire the two electromagnetic coils and the electric oil pump. power ups.
  • the computer attracts the two electromagnetic coils to each other, the front electromagnetic coil moves back together with the slide valve to press the rear spring.
  • the pressure oil of the electric oil pump passes through the oil inlet nut (14), the rear arc groove at the upper end of the push rod, the upper transverse groove of the slide valve (18) the front arc groove at the upper end of the push rod, the oil passage of the push rod, and finally the power The front chamber of the cylinder.
  • the pressure oil in the rear chamber of the power cylinder passes through the lower oil passage of the push rod, the lower horizontal groove of the slide valve (19), and finally flows back to the oil storage tank through the oil return nut.
  • the push rod and the rack are moved back together, and the steel ball in the round hole of the top of the rack pushes the concave rubber button to make the conductive coating in the button communicate with the two contacts on the insulating plate.
  • the computer obtains the intermittent current controlled by the rack.
  • the computer stops energizing the two electromagnetic coils and the electric oil pump, and slides forward under the action of the rear spring to reach the spring before and after the sliding. balance. Therefore, the three arcuate grooves in the inner hole of the push rod are in communication with the oil return nut.
  • the computer makes the two electromagnetic coils repel each other, the front electromagnetic coil moves forward together with the spool valve to press the front spring. Pressure oil passes through the oil nut
  • the upper and lower oil passages of the rod are connected with the oil return nut.
  • the front electromagnetic coil moves forward together with the slide valve to press the front spring.
  • the pressure oil passes through the rear arc of the upper end of the push rod of the oil feed nut (14)
  • the pressure oil of the front chamber of the power cylinder passes through the oil passage of the push rod,
  • the second embodiment is shown in Figures 1 and 2: the transmission case is bolted to the flywheel housing, the front portion of the first shaft has a spline and the clutch, and the rear portion of the first shaft is supported by the ball bearing on the front wall of the transmission.
  • the first shaft is integrally formed with the constant-gear driving gear, and the needle bearing in the inner hole of the driving gear is inserted with an output shaft head, and the output shaft tail is supported in the housing hole of the housing, the output shaft and the 5-speed gear and
  • the universal joint fork is made in one piece, and the other four gears are integrally formed and fixed to the output shaft by splines and pins.
  • the input shaft is above the output shaft and is supported by the two ball bearings in the seat holes of the front and rear walls of the housing.
  • the passive gear is fixed to the input shaft by splines and is constantly meshed with the permanent drive gear of the first shaft. Input the loose sleeve on the shaft
  • the rear end of the sliding tooth is formed with an annular groove, three teeth at the front end of the sliding tooth and the connecting rod are respectively inserted into three oblique grooves of the input shaft, three teeth protruding from the tooth tip of the chute are curved, three gears and Its connecting rod is tilted outwards 3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4.
  • the center of the three inner groove roots of each sliding sleeve is curved, and the five forward gears on the input shaft are often meshed with the five teeth of different sizes on the output shaft.
  • the reverse shaft is fixed by bolts in the flange of the casing and the seat hole of the rear wall. The long gear of the reverse shaft and the reverse gear on the input shaft are always meshed with the first gear on the output shaft. Often engaged.
  • the rear cover is integrally fixed with the power cylinder and is bolted to the rear of the housing.
  • the upwardly extending fork of the push rod is inserted into the annular groove at the rear end of the sliding tooth, and the middle portion of the push rod is formed with an annular flange, which is loosely sleeved in the push rod.
  • the nut at the rear section is screwed to the end of the power cylinder.
  • the hollow oil inlet nut and the oil return screw fix the sleeve at the rear end of the push rod, and the front electromagnetic coil iron body in the sleeve is integrated with the slide valve in the inner hole of the push rod, and the body downward flange card
  • the iron body of the rear electromagnetic coil is fixed in the casing by bolts, and the wires of the two electromagnetic coils are connected to the computer through the longitudinal grooves of the casing.
  • the upper side of the vertical hole (28) of the slide valve is provided with an upper horizontal groove and a lower horizontal groove, and the longitudinal ventilation groove outside the slide valve communicates with the space where the two springs are located before and after the slide valve, and the rear spring of the oil valve passes through the inside of the electromagnetic coil body Hole, inserted into the groove of the joystick.
  • the front chamber of the cylinder is connected; 'the rear curved groove of the upper end communicates with the oil pump through the oil inlet nut; the curved groove at the lower end communicates with the rear chamber of the power cylinder through the lower oil passage (27), and the lower transverse groove of the spool valve
  • the annular groove return nut of the push rod is in communication with the oil storage tank.
  • the upper end rib (24) of the power cylinder is provided with a row of holes corresponding to the respective gear positions, the joystick is inserted into the circular hole at the end of the sleeve, and the connecting rod (25) integral with the operating rod is provided to the left. After bending, ride on the ribs.
  • the inner hole of the bolt screwed on the flange has a concave rubber button insulating plate of the steel ball, and the wires of the two contacts on the insulating plate are connected to the computer through the small hole behind the bolt.
  • An iron body of a solenoid valve connected to the computer is welded integrally with the connecting rod, and a spring is fixed in the inner hole of the iron body against the disc (22) of the rear section of the valve core, and the core core of the wide core It is caught in the U-shaped opening groove of the connecting rod. Connect the push button switch in the joystick grip to the computer.
  • the oil in the chamber is finally returned to the storage tank through the oil passage (26), the upper transverse groove, the annular groove, the lower transverse groove, and the return oil snail.
  • the connecting rod slips the steel ball is extruded into the round hole of the convex rib, and the steel ball pushing button pushes the concave conductive coating to the two upper contacts on the insulating plate, and the computer forms a loop with the two upper contacts.
  • the elastic push-up steel ball of the rubber button is inserted into the round hole, and the computer automatically cuts off the electromagnetic valve after the conductive coating of the button is separated from the two contacts ;
  • the valve core is inserted into the circular hole of the rib under the action of the spring, and the valve core pushes the steel ball to form a circuit between the computer and the two contacts.
  • the push rod stops moving forward, and the teeth of the sliding teeth mesh with the internal teeth of the fifth gear.
  • the power is transmitted through the first shaft, the main gear, the input shaft, the passive gear, the input shaft, the teeth, the input shaft, the fifth gear, and finally the output shaft, and the button is released after the 5-speed operation is completed.
  • the computer withdraws the spool from the round hole, pulls the lever backward, and the spring pushes the slide valve in front of the slide valve to move backward.
  • the pressure oil enters the front chamber through the oil inlet nut, the upper transverse groove and the upper oil passage; the oil in the rear chamber flows back to the oil storage tank through the lower oil passage, the lower transverse groove and the oil return nut.
  • the computer When the computer knows that the steel ball is stuck in the round hole of the third gear when the steel ball is stuck in the three-hole circular hole, the computer cuts off the power supply of the electromagnetic valve, and the valve core is inserted into the circular hole under the action of the spring.
  • the joystick stops moving backwards, and the push rod moves back to the magazines before and after the slide valve to reach a balance. All the loops in the inner hole of the push rod communicate with each other, thus completing the change of two consecutive gears. Speed.
  • the computer Press the grip button to release and then press, the computer will make the valve core, withdraw from the round hole, move the joystick to let the computer know that the steel ball is stuck in the circular hole of the adjacent neutral, the computer stops supplying power to the solenoid valve, the valve The core is inserted into the round hole of the neutral position, and when the joystick stops moving, the transmission is in neutral. Press the button of the grip to move the joystick, the computer will automatically insert the valve plug into the hole of the adjacent real gear; press the button of the grip to release the joystick, the computer will automatically insert the valve into the original position 1 gear in the actual round hole.
  • the computer will complete the command of the operator to press the neutral or the forward and backward shifting buttons, and the computer will automatically turn on according to the preset program and the current signal of the contacts on the connecting rod or Disconnect the solenoid valve from the power supply.
  • shifting forward the computer energizes the two electromagnetic coils behind the push rod to make them repel each other.
  • the electromagnetic force causes the slide valve to push forward the front spring.
  • the computer knows that the pressure oil forces the push rod together with the sliding teeth to go to the desired one.
  • the power supply of the two upper electromagnetic coils is cut off, and the springs before and after the slide valve are balanced, and the respective oil passages in the inner hole of the push rod are communicated.
  • the computer When shifting backwards, the computer attracts the two upper electromagnetic coils, and the slide valve moves back to press the rear spring.
  • the computer knows that the pressure oil forces the sliding teeth to reach the desired position, the computer cuts off the power supply of the two electromagnetic coils, before and after the slide valve.
  • the spring is balanced and the automatic shifting process is completed.
  • the computer knows the gear position of the transmission based on the speed ratio of the input shaft and the output shaft.
  • Figure 3 is an operating device for the first two embodiments of the operating portion to be exchanged.
  • the structure is as shown in Fig. 3:
  • the lower end of the duct integrally formed with the rear cover has a row of longitudinal circular holes corresponding to the respective gear positions.
  • An iron core having two electromagnetic coils is loosely sleeved on the conduit, and the flanges of the inner holes of the two cores are snapped into the longitudinal grooves of the upper end of the conduit (29).
  • the flange of the front iron core is spliced integrally with the fork rod, and the upwardly open shift fork (30) is snapped into the annular groove of the sliding tooth, and the curved steel block is caught in the annular groove and bites into the upper opening of the fork.
  • the rear core of the rear core is integrally formed with the core of a solenoid valve, and the disc at the lower end of the spool (35) has a conical spring.
  • a dustproof shell (34) made of a graded plastic is fixed on the front iron core, and a resistive coating on the inner wall of the dustproof shell is connected to the computer, and the ground copper piece on the rear iron core is connected to the resistance coating layer (33).
  • the cloth dust cover is fixed on the front and the back of the pipe and the dustproof case respectively.
  • the wires of the two upper contacts of the push button switch on the joystick grip are passed through the hollow joystick and then passed through the dustproof casing together with the wires of the three coils to be connected to the computer.
  • the computer When the control unit presses the forward/backward neutral key or the automatic shifting, the computer will complete the shift according to the preset program.
  • the computer detects the resistance value of the resistor coating (33), and knows that the front and rear cores are separated by one gear or half gear.
  • the computer energizes the electromagnetic coils of the two cores to make them attract each other.
  • the computer knows that the value of the resistance coating is minimum, it will energize the solenoid valve on the rear iron core, and at the same time cut off the electromagnetic power supply of the iron core before and after, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic valve is forced
  • the spool (35) is inserted up into the circular hole at the lower end of the conduit.
  • the computer energizes the electromagnetic coils of the front and rear cores so that they repel each other. Their electromagnetic force forces the front iron core to advance to a gear position to the rear end flange of the fork rod and touches the opening fork of the rear iron core. The fork pushes the top gear and moves forward one gear.
  • the computer knows that the resistance value is at its maximum, the power of the three coils is cut off, and the spool is withdrawn from the circular hole at the lower end of the conduit (29) by the action of the spring.
  • the computer When changing a gear position backwards, the computer knows that the front and rear iron cores are stuck together or half a gear position apart, and the computer energizes the coils of the front and rear iron cores so that they repel each other, and the rear iron core moves back to the front iron core. The extreme position of the bit.
  • the computer When the computer energizes the solenoid valve, the coil power of the front and rear cores is cut off, and the spool is inserted into the circular hole at the lower end of the conduit.
  • the computer energizes the coils of the front and rear cores to make them attract each other. After the computer knows that the front iron core has moved back to the rear iron core, it cuts off the power supply of the three electromagnetic coils, and the valve core exits the circular circle under the action of gravity and spring.
  • the computer When moving the half gear, when the computer knows that the front and rear cores are stuck together or one gear apart, the computer energizes their solenoids to repel each other or attract each other. After the computer measures the resistance value of the resistance coating, the solenoid valve is energized. After the iron core moves, the valve core is inserted into the adjacent circular hole on the catheter, and the rear core stops moving. The core starts to move under the action of the electromagnetic force until the front and rear cores are separated from each other by a gear or attached Start. After the computer knows that it has finished moving half of the gear position, it cuts off the power of the three coils, and the spool descends out of the round hole. The distance from the neutral to the two adjacent real gears is called half gear.
  • the button on the grip When the operating device is manually pressed, the button on the grip is pressed, and the computer automatically adjusts the position of the iron core according to a preset program, so that the rear iron core and the front iron core are half a gear or are attached together, and the valve is attached.
  • the core (35) is inserted into the round hole of the actual gear, and the power supply on the front and rear iron core coils is cut off.
  • the computer stops the power supply of the solenoid valve, and the spool exits the circle. Hole, complete the operation of manually moving forward. Press the button on the grip and release it.
  • the computer will insert the two cores into the half hole or one gear position, insert the valve core into the round hole of the actual gear, cut off the power supply of the two iron core coils, and operate After the rod is moved to the two upper cores and then stopped, the computer moves the valve core out of the round hole, and the operation of manually suspending the actual gear is completed. Press the grip button to release it and then press it. After the computer will make the two iron cores half a gear, insert the valve core into the empty hole, cut off the power of the two iron core coils, and move the joystick back. After the two iron cores are attached together, they stop moving backwards, and the computer makes the valve core exit the circular hole, and completes the operation of manually hanging the backward gear.
  • the teeth of the sliding teeth can also be two, four, five, and the like.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)

Description

说明书 变速器 所属技术领域
本发明涉级一种齿轮式有级变速器。
背景技术
目前, 公知的齿轮式有级变速器的传动方式中, 有二轴式和三轴式。二轴式是指变速器 只有输入轴和输出轴, 两^ ^轴上设置若干对齿数不同的齿轮副, 它的任何前进档位工作时, 都只有一对齿轮副(倒档为两对齿轮副)工作。三轴式是指除输入轴和输出轴外, 还有中间 轴。输入轴和中间轴通过常啮齿轮连接,在输出轴和中间轴上设置若干对齿数不同的齿轮副, 控制输出轴花键上的滑动齿轮,分别让其中一对齿轮进行啮合,就可得到若干个由两对齿轮 传动的比值数。
中国一汽的奥迪 100型轿车采用二轴式五档变速器,它纵向安装在飞轮壳上,变速器和 减速器直接相连。输入轴前端用球轴承支承在飞轮中心的孔中,其中段和后端分别通过滚针 轴承支承在变速器壳的前后壁上,在两个滚针轴承之间的输入轴上从前向后依次有一二三档 齿轮, 三、 四档同步器, 四五倒档齿轮; 其中一二倒档齿轮直接在输入轴上加工而成, 三四 档齿轮分别用滚针轴承松套在输入轴上, 五档齿轮压入在输入轴的花键上, 三、 四档同步器 的齿毂套在输入轴的花键上。输出轴前后分别通过滚柱轴承支承在壳体的前后壁上,输出轴 前端的角形齿轮与减速器的盆形齿轮常啮合,输出轴从前向后依次排列的齿轮或同步器为一 档, 一、 二档同步器, 二三四五档, 五、 倒档同步器, 倒档, 其中一二五倒档齿轮分别通过 滚针轴承松套在输出轴上, 并分别装有承受轴向力的轴向锁紧环。两个同步器的齿毂分别用 花键和输出轴相连, 并且用轴向档圈作轴向定位。本轴的 5个前进档齿轮与输入轴的 5个前 进档齿轮对应常啮合,倒档轴支承在壳体上,轴上松套的齿轮分别与输入轴和输出轴上的倒 档齿轮常啮合。松套在两根轴上与 3个同步器相邻的 6个齿轮,其对着同步器的一面制有齿 环和外锥面, 3个锁环式惯性同步器的接合套环形槽内都有拨叉卡在其中, 通过操纵装置使 其中的一个拨叉带动接合套移动完成变速工作。 变速器处在空档时, 3个同步器同时在中间 位置, 动力不传给输出轴。 挂一档时, 通过一个拨叉使一、 二档同步器的接合套前移与同轴 一档齿轮后端的齿环啮合; 动力通过输入轴的一档齿轮输出轴一档齿轮后端的齿环一、二档 同步器的接合套与接合套常啮合的齿毂、 角形齿轮传出。挂二三四五档同理。 挂倒档时, 操 纵五、 倒档拨叉后移, 使五、 倒档同步器的的接合套和同轴倒档齿轮前端的齿环啮合; 动力 通过输入轴的倒档齿轮、倒档轴的倒档齿轮、输出轴倒档齿轮前端的齿环、五、倒档同步器、 输出轴传出。
中国一汽的解放 CA10B型汽车为三轴式五档变速器。变速器用螺栓固定在飞轮上壳上, 变速器主要由变速传动机构和操纵机构组成,前者装在变速器壳体内,后者装在上面的盖中。 变速传动机构由第一轴、第二轴中间轴和倒档轴组成。第一轴与常啮主动齿轮及该齿轮后端 可和接合套接合的齿环制成一体,第一轴前端用球轴支承在飞轮中心的座孔内, 后端用球轴 承支承在变速器的前壁; 第一轴前段有花键与离合器片个套合,后端齿环的内孔有滚针轴承 支承的第二轴头部。第二轴后端用球轴承支承在变速器后壁的座孔内,第二轴后端伸出部分 用花键与凸缘盘套合, 用螺母锁紧, 凸缘盘用来安装手制动盘和万向节叉。第二轴从后向前 依次排列的一、倒档和二、三档两个齿轮用花键松套在轴上, 两个齿轮各自前端的环形槽内 插有拨叉; 二、 三档齿轮前端制有内齿, 以便与前面三档常啮齿轮后端的外齿接合, 该齿轮 内齿齿尖所形成的内孔大于内齿后面的内孔。前面的三档和五档常啮齿轮松套在轴上, 与中 间轴上相应齿轮常啮合; 第二轴前段的花键部分套有四、 五档齿毂, 并且用螺母锁紧。 四、 五档齿毂上套有可轴向移动的接合套, 它可与后边五档齿轮前端的外齿圈套合, 也可与第一 轴后端的外齿圈套合, 接合套的外环形槽内插有一个拨叉。 中间轴在第二轴的下方, 其两端 用轴承支承在变速器壳的前后壁上。中间轴上从后向前排列的一档二档齿轮和倒档常啮齿轮 与轴制成一体, 三档五档常啮齿轮取力齿轮(备用)和常啮被动齿轮分别用半圆键固装在轴 上。 中间轴的常啮被动齿轮与第一轴的常啮主动齿轮常啮合。倒档轴装在壳体的一侧, 用锁 销固定在壳体上, 倒档常啮中间齿轮与倒档中间齿轮制成一体,用两个滚针轴承支承在倒档 轴上。倒档常啮中间齿轮与中间轴上的倒档常啮齿轮常啮合。中间轴的二档齿轮卡入倒档轴 的两个齿轮之间的空隙内。中间轴上与轴制成一体的齿轮为直齿,用键固装在中间轴上的齿 轮为斜齿。变速操纵机构主要由变速杆拨叉和拨叉轴组成。变速杆中部的球节, 由卡在盖体 内的锥形弹簧把它向上压紧在变速器盖的球座内,变速杆的下端垂直插入中间拨叉轴上,拨 叉轴可在变速器盖内的导向孔内滑移,三个拨叉的下端开口叉分别插入第二轴上相应齿轮或 接合套的环形槽内。在空档位置时, 三个拨叉上端的凹槽内对齐。横向扳动变速杆时, 杆的 下端将进入某一拨叉的凹槽内, 再纵向扳动变速杆, 将推动拨叉轴、拨叉带动第二轴上相应 的齿轮或接合套挂入相应的档位。 为了保证操纵机构的可靠性, 还设置有定位和互锁装置。 定位装置就是在每支拨叉轴前段的上方制有三个凹槽, 在变速器盖竖孔中装有弹簧和锁球。 锁球在弹簧的压力下卡在拨叉轴的凹槽中, 固定拨叉轴,拨叉轴上各凹槽之间的距离恰好能 保证相互啮合的齿轮以全齿啮合或分离。互锁装置就是中间拨叉轴横孔两端的凹槽与相邻两 个拨叉轴的两个凹槽对齐相通,横孔中的一支联锁销比横孔略长,四个凹槽中各有一个锁球, 两对锁球分别卡入变速器盖的两个横孔中, 四个凹槽在同一直线时为空档,此时移动其中一 支拨叉轴, 两对锁球就会分别卡入另两支拨叉轴的凹槽内, 使它们不能移动。 空档时, 向右 扳动变速杆, 杆的下端卡入一、 倒档拨叉上端的凹槽内; 再向前扳动变速杆, 拨叉带动一、 倒档齿轮向后滑移, 与中间轴的一档齿轮接合。动力由第一轴的常啮传动齿轮、 中间轴的常 啮传动齿轮传入。 由中间轴的一档齿轮、 第二轴的一、倒档齿轮及第二轴传出。 向后扳动变 速杆回到空档时, 第二轴的一、倒档齿轮与中间轴的一档齿轮完全分开。 向后扳动变速杆到 倒档位置, 第二轴的一、倒档齿轮前移与倒档轴上的倒档中间齿轮全齿啮合。动力经由第一 轴、 中间轴、 倒档常啮中间齿轮、 第二轴的一、 倒档齿轮、 第二轴传出。 向前扳动变速杆到 空档位置, 再向左扳动变速杆到极限, 变速杆下端卡入二、 三档拨叉的凹槽中, 再向前扳动 变速杆, 拨叉带动二、三档齿轮向后滑移与中间轴的二档齿轮啮合。 向后扳动变速杆到三档 位置, 二、 三档齿轮向前滑移, 其前端的内齿与同轴三档常啮齿轮后端的外齿啮合。 动力经 由中间轴三档常啮齿轮、 第二轴三档常啮齿轮、第二轴的二、三档齿轮及第二轴传出。 先向 前后向右扳动变逨杆回到中问空档位置, 再向后扳动变速杆到四档位置, 拨叉带动接合套前 移, 与第一轴后端的齿环啮合。 动力经由第一轴的齿环、 接合套、 四、 五档齿毂及第二轴传 出。 向前扳动变速杆到五档位置, 拨叉带动接合套后移与第一轴的齿环分离, 再与第二轴五 档常啮齿轮前端的外齿圈套合。动力经由第一轴、 中间轴、 中间轴五档常啮轮、第二轴五档 常啮轮、 接合套、 四、 五档齿毂及第二轴传出。
以上两款变速器的不足之处是它们都需要三个拨叉和各自控制的接合套或齿轮参与^ 成变速, 造成变速困难杂乱, 容易挂错档。
发明内容
为了克服现有变速器拨叉多,变速困难杂乱和容易挂错档的不足, 本发明提供一种不论 多少个档位, 都只需一个拨叉操纵一个滑齿、 又好又快又准确地完成所有的变速。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:齿轮式有级变速器由变速传动机构和操纵 机构组成, 输入轴和输出轴插在变速器壳的孔内, 输入轴与动力装置连接, 输入轴上松套有 大小不等的前进档齿轮,输出轴与轴上的齿轮连成一体,输入轴上前进档齿轮与输出轴上对 应的齿轮啮合, 输出轴与输出装置连接, 松套在输入轴上齿轮的内齿与相邻内齿之间有环形 槽, 输入轴纵向槽内的牙齿突出于槽, 牙齿通过连杆与拨叉连接。牙齿处于环形槽内时是空 档, 当拨叉推拉滑齿前后移动时, 滑齿前端的牙齿与齿轮的内齿啮合后, 动力由输入轴、 牙 齿、 内齿与牙齿啮合的齿轮, 最后经输出轴输出, 达到只需一个拨叉操纵一个滑齿完成全部 变速的目的。
相邻内齿之间的环形槽内的滑套,松套在输入轴的凸缘处,滑套内孔制有与输入轴的纵 向槽数量相等开口相通的内槽。 内槽的根部制成弧形, 牙齿的齿尖是弧形, 牙齿及连杆的前 段向外翘起。拨叉的开口叉卡入滑齿的环形槽内。倒档轴上的齿轮与松套在输入轴的倒档齿 轮啮合, 同时也和输出轴的 1档齿轮啮合。操纵杆与拨叉制成一体, 拨叉的开口叉卡入滑齿 的环形槽内。动力缸与变速器盖连成一体, 活塞后端的推杆与拨叉上端的套管固定连接, 拨 叉的开口叉卡在滑齿的环形槽内, 操纵杆套在套管上, 推杆内孔中有弹簧和滑阀, 滑阀和套 管内电磁线圈本体连成一体, 该本体在内孔中有弹簧, 后电磁线卷固定在套管的后端, 两个 电磁线圈的导线与电脑连接,推杆内孔的环形槽后方制有 3个弧形槽, 推杆上油道前后分别 与动力缸的前腔室和推杆上端的前弧形槽连通,推杆下油道前后分别与动力缸后腔室外和推 杆下端的弧形槽连通,进油管和推杆上端的后弧形槽连通,滑阀的环形槽前方上下各有一个 横槽, 上横槽与推杆上端的前弧形槽连通, 下横槽与回油管连通。 动力缸与后盖制成一体周 定在变速器壳的后端, 推杆前端的开口叉卡入滑齿的环形槽内, 套管固定在推杆上, 套管内 的前电磁线圈本体与滑阀连成一体,后电磁线圈的本体固定在套管上, 推杆内孔中有弹簧和 滑阔, 后电磁线圈本体内孔中的弹簧向后顶到插入套管中的操纵杆,滑阀的竖孔前方上下制 有横槽,下横槽与回油管连通,推杆的上油道与前腔室、推杆上端的前弧形槽、上横槽连通, 推杆的下油道与后腔室和推杆下端的弧形槽连通,推杆上端的后弧形槽与进油管连通,推杆 内孔中有环形槽, 与操纵杆制成一体的连杆骑在动力缸的凸筋上, 凸筋上有与各个档位对应 的孔, 连杆一边的孔上有按钮开关, 连杆另一边的孔中有阀芯, 阀芯后面的弹簧固定在电磁 阀本体的内孔中, 电磁阀的本体固定在连杆上, 操纵杆握把内有按钮开关, 本操纵机构的电 磁线圈和按钮开关的导线与电脑连接。导管与后盖制成一体园定在变速器壳的后端, 导管下 端制有与各档位对应的孔,松套在导管上的两个电磁线圈本体内孔中的突缘卡入导管上端的 纵向槽内, 拨叉的开口叉卡入滑齿的环形槽内, 拨叉杆与前电磁线圈本体连成一体, 后电磁 线圈本体突缘的开口叉骑在拨叉杆上, 电磁阀的阀芯(35 )卡入后电磁线圈本体内, 操纵杆 与前电磁线圈本体连成一体,本操纵机构的 '3个线圈的导线与电脑连接。固定在套管上的齿 条卡入动力 上的滑槽内, 滑槽一边圆孔内的按钮开关与电脑连接。
本发明的有益效果是在减少 2套拨叉装置后,用一套拨叉装置就能又好又快又准确的 换 5速 7速等变速器。
附图说明
图 1是实施例 1的示意图。图 2是第 2实施例的操纵部分的示意图。图 3是两个实施例 可以选择的操纵部分的示意图。
具体实施方式
第 1实施例如附图 1所示: 变速器壳(6)用螺栓固定在动力装置的外壳上,输入轴(8) 的前段与变扭器的涡轮连成一体, 输入轴中段和后段用轴承 (7)支承在变速器壳前后壁的 座孔内。 输入轴的两个轴承之间从前向后依次套有 5、 4、 3、 2、 倒、 1共 6个实档齿轮, 6 个齿轮的内齿为直齿。每个内齿与相邻内齿之间的环形槽内的滑套,松套在输入轴的凸缘 (4) 处, 滑套随轴同转。 每个滑套 (2) 有 3个等距的内槽与输入轴中后段的 3条纵向直槽的开 口对齐相通, 滑齿在每条槽内都有一个突出于槽的牙齿(3 ), 3个牙齿后面的连杆在输入轴 后面连成一体后制有一个环形槽。 3个牙齿的齿尖为弧形, 牙齿后面的连杆制成向外翘起形 状, 滑套的 3个内槽的槽根中部为弧形。 输入轴上的 5档齿轮 (1 ) 与滑套之间的环形槽内 装有滚针, 相邻滚针之间有用工程塑料制成的弧形隔板, 输入轴的 3档、 4档齿轮之间有用 铁环定位的钢球。 输出轴 (9)用球轴承支承在变速器壳前后壁的座孔内, 输出轴上 5个大 小不等的齿轮与输入轴上 5个前进档齿轮对应常啮合,其中 5档齿轮与输出轴制成一体,其 它齿轮制成一体用花键和销子 (5 ) 固定在轴上。 输出轴前端的角形齿轮与减速器的盆形齿 轮常啮合, 输出轴后端用花键与万向节叉套合, 用螺母锁紧。倒档轴装在壳体一侧, 固定在 前后壁的座孔内,倒档轴上松套的长齿轮与输入轴的倒档齿轮常啮合, 同时也和输出轴上的 1档齿轮常啮合。 后盖用螺栓固定在壳体后端, 后盖(10)延长部分上方的开口处固定有防 尘罩, 防尘罩上端套在套管(15 )上。 变速器盖与动力缸(11 )制成一体用螺栓固定在壳体 上方,活塞后端的推杆(12)与套管通过两个中空的螺栓固定在一起,拨叉与套管制成一体, 拨叉下端的幵口叉卡入滑齿的环形槽内。推杆内孔中有弹簧和滑阀,滑阀与套管中的前电磁 线圈本体(20)焊接成一体, 该本体后端向下的凸缘卡入套管内孔的槽内, 用螺母将松套在 套管上的操纵杆(16)和后电磁线圈本体(21 )固定在套管上, 操纵杆可以旋转, 前后两个 电磁线圈的导线与电脑连接。一根弹簧卡入前电磁线圈本体的内孔中,套管内槽至拨叉开口 叉处制有通气孔。 推杆内孔的环形槽(17)后方制有 3个偏心的弧形槽, 推杆上端的弧形槽 通过上油道与动力缸的前腔室连通, 推杆上端的后弧形槽通过中空的进油螺母(14)与电动 油泵连通,推杆下端的弧形槽通过下油道与动力缸的后腔室连通。滑阀中心纵向制有一穿孔, 滑阀的环形槽前方上下各制有一个横向槽, 其中上横槽 (18 ) 与上油道连通, 下横槽 (19) 通过套管侧下方中空的回油螺母与储油罐连通。 一根齿条(13 ) 固定在进油螺母上, 齿条前 端卡在动力缸上端的滑槽内,滑槽一边圆孔内的钢球与一个凹形橡胶按钮连接。按钮对面绝 缘板上的两上触点与电脑连接。操纵杆插入操纵台的波形槽内, 右侧的波峰为空档, 左侧的 波谷为 5、 4、 3、 2、 倒、 1档。
如图 1所示: 牙齿卡在滑套内槽时为空档。此时向前推动操纵杆进入左侧的波谷, 拨叉 推动滑齿前行, 3个牙齿的齿尖推动滑套前移压紧前方的 5档齿轮, 使滑套与该齿轮的转速 逐渐接近, 滑套的弧形槽迫使连杆变形, 3个牙齿逐渐内缩前移插入 5档齿轮的内齿, 停止 推动操纵杆。动力经过输入轴、 3个牙齿、 5档齿轮副、输出轴、最后由角形齿轮和万向节传. 出, 变换其它档位同理。当牙齿与倒档轴的内齿啮合时为倒档, 动力经过输入轴、 3个牙齿、 倒档齿轮、 倒档轴的长齿轮、 输出轴的 1档齿轮、 输出轴传出。 本变速器还可以自动变速, 当电脑根据预设的程序或收到操纵者通过按钮给出的向前向后变档空档的信号时,电脑会适 时的通过导线给两个电磁线圈和电动油泵通电。当电脑使两个电磁线圈相互吸引时,前电磁 线圈连同滑阀后移压迫后弹簧。 电动油泵的压力油经过进油螺母 (14)、 推杆上端的后弧形 槽、 滑阀的上横槽(18 )推杆上端的前弧形槽、 推杆的上油道、 最后进入动力缸的前腔室。 同时动力缸后腔室的压力油经过推杆的下油道、 滑阀的下横槽 (19)、 最后通过回油螺母流 回储油罐。 使推杆和齿条一同后移, 齿条的齿尖推顶滑槽圆孔内的钢球压迫凹形橡胶按钮, 使按钮内的导电涂层与绝缘板上的两个触点连通, 当电脑得到齿条控制的断续电流, 知道拨 叉到达所需位置区间时, 电脑停止给两个电磁线圈和电动油泵通电、滑阔在后弹簧的作甩下 前移, 达到滑闽前后弹簧的平衡。此是, 推杆内孔中的 3个弧形槽都与回油螺母连通。 当电 脑使两个电磁线圈相互排斥时,前电磁线圈连同滑阀前移压迫前弹簧。压力油经过进油螺母
( 14)、 推杆上端的后弧形槽、 滑阀的环形槽、 推杆下端的弧形槽、 推杆的下油道、 最后进 入动力缸的后腔室。 同时动力缸前腔室的压力油经过推杆的上油道、 滑阀的上横槽 (18)、 推杆的环形槽 (17)、 滑阀的下横槽 (19、 最后通过回油螺母流回储油罐。 使推杆和啮条一 同前移, 当电脑知道拨叉到达所需位置时,.就会停止给两个电磁线圈和电动油泵供电、滑阀 回到平衡的位置, 推杆的上下油道都与回油螺母连通。 当电脑使两个电磁线圈相互排斥时, 前电磁线圈连同滑阀前移压迫前弹簧。压力油经过进油螺母(14)推杆上端的后弧形槽、 滑 阀的环形槽、推杆下端的弧形槽、推杆的下油道、最后进入动力缸的后腔室。 同时动力缸前 腔室的压力油经过推杆的上油道、 滑阀的上横槽(18)、 推杆的环形槽(17)、 滑阀的下横槽
( 19)、 最后通过回油螺母流回储油罐。 使推杆和齿条一同前移, 当电脑知道拨叉到达所需 位置时, 就会停止给两个电磁线圈和电动油泵供电、滑阀回到平衡的位置, 推杆的上下油道 都与回油螺母连通。― . , _ ..........—― ....... ,
第 2实施例如附图 1和 2所示:变速器壳用螺栓固定在飞轮壳上,第一轴的前段有花键 与离合器相套合,第一轴后段用球轴承支承在变速器前壁的座孔内。第一轴与常啮主动齿轮 制成一体, 常啮主动齿轮内孔中的滚针轴承内插有输出轴头部,输出轴尾部支承在壳体的座 孔内, 输出轴与 5档齿轮及万向节叉制成一体, 其它 4个档位的齿轮制成一体, 通过花键和 销子固定在输出轴上。输入轴在输出轴的上方,通过两个球轴承支承在壳体前后壁的座孔内, 常啮被动齿轮通过花键固定在输入轴上与第一轴的常啮主动齿轮常啮合。输入轴上松套的 5、
Figure imgf000007_0001
向前泵油。滑齿的后端制有环形槽、滑齿前端的 3个牙齿及其连杆分别装入输入轴的 3个斜 槽内, 3个牙齿突出于斜槽齿尖为弧形, 3个齿轮及其连杆向外翘 ¾¾。 每个滑套的 3个内槽 根部的中央都为弧形,输入轴上的 5个前进档齿轮与输出轴上大小不等的 5个齿对应经常啮 合。用螺栓把倒档轴固定在壳体一 的凸缘和后壁的座孔内, 倒档轴上松套的长齿轮与输入 轴上的倒档齿轮常啮合, 同时与输出轴上的 1档齿轮常啮合。后盖与动力缸制成一体用螺栓 固定在壳体的后面,推杆前端向上开口的拨叉卡入滑齿后端的环形槽内,推杆中段制有环形 凸缘,松套在推杆中后段的螺母旋紧在动力缸的尾端。中空的进油螺母和回油螺将套管固定 在推杆的后端,套管内的前电磁线圈铁质本体与推杆内孔中的滑阀制成一体, 该本体向下的 凸缘卡入套管下端的纵向槽内, 用螺栓把后电磁线圈的铁质本体固定在套管内, 两个电磁线 圈的导线穿过套管的纵向槽与电脑连接。滑阀竖孔(28)的前方制有上横槽和下横槽, 滑阀 外侧的纵向通气槽与滑阀前后两个弹簧所在的空间连通,油阀的后弹簧穿过后电磁线圈本体 的内孔, 插入操纵杆的凹槽内。推杆中后段内孔中的环形槽后面制有 3个偏心的弧形槽, 其 中上端的前弧形槽向下与滑阀的上横槽连通,向上通过上油道(26)与动力缸的前腔室连通;' 上端的后弧形槽通过进油螺母与油泵连通; 下端的弧形槽通过下油道(27)与动力缸的后腔 室连通, 滑阀的下横槽与推杆的环形槽回油螺母和储油罐连通。 动力缸上端凸筋(24)制有 一排与各个档位对应的孔, 操纵杆插入套管尾端的圆孔中, 与操纵杆制成一体的连杆 (25 ) 前端凸缘(23 )向左弯曲后骑在凸筋上。旋紧在凸缘上的螺栓内孔中有钢珠凹形橡胶按钮绝 缘板,绝缘板上两个触点的导线穿过螺栓后面的小孔与电脑连接。一个与电脑连接的电磁阀 的铁质本体与连杆焊接成一体, 一根弹簧固定在铁质本体的内孔中顶住阀芯后段的圆盘 (22), 阔芯的锥芯头部卡在连杆的 U形开口槽内。 操纵杆握把内的按钮开关与电脑连接。
如附图 1和 2所示; 按下握把上的按钮开关, 电脑得到其到其通电的信号后, 电脑给连 杆上的电磁阀通电, 电磁力使阀芯压迫弹簧从凸筋的圆孔中退出, 连杆左边螺栓内孔中的钢 珠在凹形橡胶按钮的弹性作用下, 卡在阀芯退出的圆孔中。 向前推动操纵杆, 与之相连的弹 簧压缩推动滑阀前移, 压力油通过进油螺母、 竖孔(28)、 下端弧形形槽, 下油道 (27)进 入后腔室, 前腔室的油通过上油道 (26)、 上横槽、 环形槽、 下横槽、 回油螺最后流回储油 罐。连杆滑移时钢珠被挤出凸筋的圆孔, 钢珠推顶按钮使其凹面的导电涂层与绝缘板上的两 上触点连接, 电脑与两上触点形成回路。 当钢珠前行到相邻的圆孔时, 橡胶按钮的弹性推顶 钢珠卡进圆孔内, 电脑得到按钮的导电涂层与两个触点分离的信号后,会自动切断电磁阀的 ; 电源、 阀芯在弹簧的作用下插入凸筋的圆孔中, 阀芯推顶钢珠使电脑与两个触点形成回路。 操纵杆停止前行,滑阔前后弹簧逐渐达成平衡后,进油螺母通过上横槽环形槽下横槽与回油 螺母连通, 同时进油螺母通过竖孔下端弧形槽下横槽与回油螺母连通。推杆停止前行, 滑齿 的牙齿与 5档齿轮的内齿啮合。 动力通过第一轴常啮主动齿轮、输入轴常啮被动齿轮、输入 轴、 牙齿、 输入轴 5档齿轮, 最后由输出轴传出', 完成挂 5档的操作后松开按钮。 按下握把 上按钮松开后,电脑使阀芯从圆孔中退出,向后拉动操纵杆,滑阀前面的弹簧推顶滑阀后移。 压力油通过进油螺母、 上横槽、 上油道进入前腔室; 后腔室的油通过下油道、 下横槽、 回油 螺母流回储油罐。 电脑在钢珠多次推顶按钮时传出的电流信号中, 得知钢珠卡在 3档的圆孔 时, 电脑切断电磁阀的电源, 阀芯在弹簧的作用下插入圆孔中。操纵杆停止后移, 推杆后移 到滑阀前后的弹黉达成平衡, 推杆内孔中的所有汕路相通, 至此完成向后连续两个档位的变 速。按下握把按钮松开后再按下, 电脑使阀芯, 从圆孔中退出, 移动操纵杆使电脑得知钢珠 卡入相邻空档的圆孔中, 电脑停止给电磁阀供电, 阀芯插入空档的圆孔中, 操纵杆停止移动 时,变速器为空档。按下握把的按钮移动操纵杆,电脑会自动使阀芯插入相邻实档的圆孔中; 按下握把的按钮松开后移动操纵杆,电脑会自动使阀^插入与原来位置相隔 1个档位的实档 圆孔中。本实施例在自动变速时,电脑会完成操纵者按下的空档或向前向后变速按钮的指令, 电脑还会根据预设的程序和连杆上触点的电流信号, 自动接通或断开电磁阀的电源.。 向前变 速时, 电脑给推杆后面的两个电磁线圈通电, 使它们相互排斥, 电磁力使滑阀前行压迫前弹 簧, 电脑得知压力油迫使推杆连同滑齿前行到所需的位置后, 切断两上电磁线圈的电源, 滑 阀前后的弹簧达成平衡, 推杆内孔中的各个油路相通。 向后变速时, 电脑使两上电磁线圈相 互吸引, 滑阀后移压迫后弹簧, 当电脑得知压力油迫使滑齿到达所需位置后, 电脑切断两个 电磁线圈的电源, 滑阀前后的弹簧达成平衡, 完成自动变速程序。 电脑根据输入轴和输出轴 的转速比, 得知变速器的档位。
附图 3为前两个实施例操纵部分可供交换的操纵装置。其结构如附图 3所示: 与后盖制 成一体的导管下端有一排与各个档位对应的纵向圆孔。有两个电磁线圈的铁芯,松套在导管 上, 两个铁芯内孔的凸缘卡入导管(29)上端的纵向槽内。 前铁芯的凸缘与拨叉杆悍接成一 体, 向上开口的拨叉(30)卡入滑齿的环形槽内, 弧形钢块卡入环形槽内与拨叉的上开口咬 合成圆, 在拨叉外圆的环形槽内有胶圈, 后铁芯凸缘向下的开口叉卡在拨叉杆上。后铁芯的 后下方与一个电磁阀的铁芯制成一体, 阀芯(35 )下端的圆片上有一个锥形弹簧。 绝级塑料 制成的防尘壳(34)固定在前铁芯上, 防尘壳内壁上的电阻涂层与电脑连接,.后铁芯上的搭 铁铜片与电阻涂层(33 )连通, 布质防尘罩前后分别固定在导管和防尘壳上。 操纵杆握把上 的按钮开关的两上触点的导线通过中空的操纵杆后与 3 个线圈的导线一同穿过防尘壳后与 电脑连接。
本操纵装置在按下向前向后空档键或是自动变速时, 电脑会根据预设的程序完成变速。 向前变换一个档位时, 电脑检测出电阻涂层(33 )的电阻值, 得知前后铁芯相距一个档位或 半个档位时。 电脑给两个铁芯的电磁线圈通电, 使它们相互吸引。 后铁芯前行碰到前铁芯, 电脑得知电阻涂层的值为最小时,会给后铁芯上的电磁阀通电, 同时切断前后铁芯的电磁线 圈电源, 电磁阀的电磁力迫使阀芯(35)上行插入导管下端的圆孔中。 随后电脑给前后铁芯 的电磁线圈通电,使它们相互排斥, 它们的电磁力迫使前铁芯前行一个档位到拨叉杆后端凸 缘碰到后铁芯的开口叉,拨叉杆连同拨叉推顶滑齿前行一个档位。电脑得知电阻值到最大后, 切断 3个线圈的电源, 阀芯在弹簧的作用下退出导管(29)下端的圆孔。 向后变换一个档位 时, 电脑得知前后铁芯贴在一起或相距半个档位, 电脑给前后铁芯的线圈通电, 使它们相互 排斥, 后铁芯后移到距前铁芯一个档位的极限位置。 电脑给电磁阀通电的同时, 切断前后铁 芯的线圈电源, 阀芯上行插入导管下端的圆孔中。 电脑给前后铁芯的线圈通电, 使它们相互 吸引, 电脑得知前铁芯后移碰到后铁芯后, 切断 3个电磁线圈的电源, 阀芯在重力和弹簧的 作用下退出导管的圆孔。 移动半个档位时, 电脑得知前后铁芯贴在一起或相距一个档位时, 电脑给它们的电磁线圈通电,使它们相互排斥或相互吸引。 电脑测得电阻涂层的电阻值发生 变化后, 就会给电磁阀通电, 后铁芯在移动过程中, 阀芯就会插入导管上相邻的圆孔中, 后 铁芯停止移动, 前铁芯在电磁力的作用于下开始移动, 直到前后铁芯相距一个档位或贴在一 起。 电脑得知完成移动半个档位后, 切断 3个线圈的电源, 阀芯下行退出圆孔。 空档到相邻 的两个实档的距离叫半个档位。本操纵装置在手动时, 按下握把上的按钮, 电脑会根据预设 程序自动调整后铁芯的位置, 使后铁芯与前铁芯相距半个档位或是贴在一起, 将阀芯 (35 ) 插入实档的圆孔中, 同时切断前后铁芯线圈上的电源,操纵杆前行到后铁芯相距一个档位时 停止前行, 电脑切断电磁阀的电源, 阀芯退出圆孔, 完成手动向前挂实档的操作。按下握把 上按钮后松开,电脑会使两个铁芯相距半个档位或是一个档位后,将阀芯插入实档的圆孔中, 切断两个铁芯线圈的电源,操纵杆后移到两上铁芯贴在一起后停止后移, 电脑使阀芯退出圆 孔, 完成手动向后挂实档的操作。按下握把按钮松开后再按下, 电脑会使两个铁芯相距半个 档位后, 将阀芯插入空档的圆孔中, 切断两个铁芯线圈的电源, 操纵杆后移到两个铁芯贴在 一起后停止后移, 电脑使阀芯退出圆孔, 完成手动向后挂实档的操作。按下握把按钮松开后 再按下, 电脑会使两个铁芯相距半个档位后, 将阀芯插入空档的圆孔中, 切断两上铁芯线圈 的电源,移动操纵杆到两个铁芯贴在一起或相距一个档位后停止移动,电脑使阔芯退出圆孔, 完成手动挂空档的操作。
以上两款实施例中滑齿的牙齿也可以 2个 4个 5个等。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种齿轮式有级变速器, 由变速传动机构和操纵机构组成, 输入轴 (8 )和输出轴 ( 9 )插在变速器壳 (6 ) 的孔内, 输入轴与动力装置连接, 输入轴上松套有大小不等的前 进档齿轮, 输出轴与轴上齿轮连成一体, 输入轴上前进档齿轮与输出轴上对应的齿轮啮合, 输出轴与输出装置连接, 其特征是松套在输入轴上齿轮的内齿与相邻内齿之间有环形槽, 输入轴纵向槽内的牙齿 (3 )突出于槽, 牙齿通过连杆与拨叉连接。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的变速器, 其特征是相邻内齿之间环形槽内的滑套(2), 松套 在输入轴的凸缘(4) 处, 滑套内孔制有与输入轴纵向槽数量相等开口相通的内槽。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的变速器, 其特征是拨叉的开口叉卡入滑齿的环形槽内。
4、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的变速器, 其特征是倒档轴上的齿轮与松套在输入轴的倒 档齿轮啮合, 同时也和输出轴的 1档齿轮啮合。
5、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的变速器, 其特征是操纵杆与拨叉制成一体, 拨叉的开口 叉卡人滑齿的环形槽内。
6、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的变速器, 其特征是动力缸(11 ) 与变速器盖连成一体, 活塞后端的推杆 (12 ) 与拨叉的开口叉卡入滑齿的环形槽内, 操纵杆 (16) 套在套管上, 推杆内孔中有弹簧和滑阀, 滑阀和套管内电磁线圈本体 (20)连成一体, 该本体内孔中有 弹簧, 后电磁线圈固定在套管的后端, 两个电磁线圈的导线与电脑连接, 推杆内孔的环形 槽(17) 后方制有 3个弧形槽, 推杆上油道前后分别与动力缸的前腔室和推杆下端的弧形 槽连通, 进油管和推杆上端的后弧形槽连通, 滑阀的环形槽前方上下各有一个横槽, 上横 槽 (18 )与推杆上端的前弧形槽连通, 下横槽 (19 ) 与回油管连通。
7、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的变速器, 其特征是动力缸与后盖制成一体固定在变速器 壳的后端, 推杆前端的开口叉卡入滑齿的环形槽内, 套管固定在推杆上, 套管内的前电磁 线圈本体与滑阀连成一体, 后电磁线圈的本体固定在套管上, 推杆内孔中有弹簧和滑阀, 后电磁线圈本体内孔中的弹簧向后顶到插入套管中的操纵杆, 滑阀的竖孔(28 )前方上下 制有横槽, 下横槽与回油管连通, 推杆的上油道 (26 ) 与前腔室推杆上端的前弧形槽、 上 横槽连通, 推杆的下油道 (27) 与后腔室和推杆下端的弧形槽连通, 推杆上端的后弧形槽 与进油管连通, 推杆内孔中有环形槽, 与操纵杆制成一体的连杆 (25 )骑在动力缸的凸筋 (24) 上, 凸筋上有与各个档位对应的孔, 连杆一边的孔中有按钮开关, 连杆另一边的孔 中有阀芯, 阀芯后面的弹簧固定在电磁阀本体的内孔中, 电磁阀本体固定在连杆上, 操纵 杆握把内有按钮幵关, 本操纵机构的电磁线圈和按钮开关的导线与电脑连接。
8、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的变速器, 其特征是导管与后盖制成一体固定在变速器壳 的后端, 导管下端制有与各个档位对应的孔, 松套在导管 (29 ) 上的两个电磁线圈本体内 孔中的突缘卡入导管上端的纵向槽内, 拨叉 (30) 的开口叉卡入滑齿的环形槽内, 拨叉杆 与前电磁线圈 (31 )本体连成一体, 后电磁线圈 (32 )本体突缘开口叉骑在拨叉杆上, 电 磁阀的阀芯(35 )卡入后电磁线圈本体内, 操纵杆与前电磁线圈连成一体, 3个电磁线圈的 导线与电脑连接。
9、根据权利要求 2所述的变速器,其特征是内槽的根部制成弧形,牙齿的齿尖是弧形, 牙齿及连杆的前段向外翘起。
10、 根据权利要求 6所述的变速器, 其特征是固定在套管上的齿条 (13 ) 卡入动力缸 上的滑槽内, 滑槽一边圆孔内的按钮与电脑连接。
PCT/CN2010/001164 2009-08-13 2010-08-02 变速器 WO2011017906A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN200910063607.3 2009-08-13
CN2009100636073A CN101994784A (zh) 2009-08-13 2009-08-13 变速器

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011017906A1 true WO2011017906A1 (zh) 2011-02-17

Family

ID=43585887

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2010/001164 WO2011017906A1 (zh) 2009-08-13 2010-08-02 变速器

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN101994784A (zh)
WO (1) WO2011017906A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013155642A1 (zh) * 2012-04-17 2013-10-24 Li Hepeng 半自动接力式变速箱
CN108275389A (zh) * 2018-03-31 2018-07-13 中山市盛凌商贸有限公司 一种使用方便的垃圾桶
CN111980944A (zh) * 2018-08-20 2020-11-24 东莞市松研智达工业设计有限公司 一种机械式调档风扇

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2093264U (zh) * 1991-01-18 1992-01-15 兰州减速机厂 旋转活齿圈减速机
CN1730976A (zh) * 2005-08-04 2006-02-08 于守臣 内离合变速器
US20060040779A1 (en) * 2004-08-20 2006-02-23 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. Planetary reduction mechanism, pin structure, and method for manufacturing pin

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4141424A (en) * 1976-09-28 1979-02-27 Kubota Ltd. Transmission for tractors
JPS5467847A (en) * 1977-11-10 1979-05-31 Kubota Ltd Running speed change gear for tractor
CN2654947Y (zh) * 2003-10-27 2004-11-10 付成舟 新型机动车变速器
CN101290044A (zh) * 2008-05-26 2008-10-22 福田雷沃国际重工股份有限公司 全啮合式变速装置
CN101504058A (zh) * 2009-02-03 2009-08-12 陈方斌 轴内顶键式齿轮有级变速器

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2093264U (zh) * 1991-01-18 1992-01-15 兰州减速机厂 旋转活齿圈减速机
US20060040779A1 (en) * 2004-08-20 2006-02-23 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. Planetary reduction mechanism, pin structure, and method for manufacturing pin
CN1730976A (zh) * 2005-08-04 2006-02-08 于守臣 内离合变速器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101994784A (zh) 2011-03-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2652170C (en) Dual clutch powershift transmission with transfer shaft
EP1631757B1 (en) Twin-clutch manual gearbox
US10578193B2 (en) Multi-speed dual clutch transmission
TW200925463A (en) Twin clutch type speed-change apparatus
DE102007000317A1 (de) Doppelkupplungsgetriebegerät
WO2011017906A1 (zh) 变速器
DE102012200183A1 (de) Klauenkupplungsgetriebesystem
DE102011114085B4 (de) Verfahren zum Kühlen eines Doppelkupplungsgetriebes
US20130031989A1 (en) Seven speed dual clutch transmission
US9003906B2 (en) Eleven speed dual clutch transmission
CN205155043U (zh) 用于自推进机器的齿轮箱
CN101730805B (zh) 车用变速箱
CN102230521A (zh) 一种双中间轴amt专用机械式自动变速器
JP2005265136A (ja) マニュアルトランスミッションの潤滑装置
WO2016109922A1 (zh) 机械式变速器及机械式变速器的控制方法
JP4378775B2 (ja) 歯車変速機
US20170130805A1 (en) Multi-speed dual clutch transmission
DE102016103512B4 (de) Mehrstufengetriebevorrichtung
CN107906196B (zh) 一种变速器的换挡操纵机构
DE102016120985B4 (de) Mehrgängiges doppelkupplungsgetriebe
CN102705504A (zh) 电动换挡变速箱操作机构
CN102889346A (zh) 变速器
EP2068039A1 (en) Gearbox for a motor vehicle
CN203809614U (zh) 直线挂挡式变速器
CN102691756A (zh) 滑动键锁齿轮变速器

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 10807851

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

32PN Ep: public notification in the ep bulletin as address of the adressee cannot be established

Free format text: NOTING OF LOSS OF RIGHTS PURSUANT TO RULE 112(1) EPC (EPO FORM 1205A DATED 19/04/2012)

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 10807851

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1